The oaths of Irish papists no evidence against Protestants, or, A warning piece to jurors in a letter to a friend.
         Penn, William, 1644-1718.
      
       
         
           1681
        
      
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             The oaths of Irish papists no evidence against Protestants, or, A warning piece to jurors in a letter to a friend.
             Penn, William, 1644-1718.
             Philanglus.
          
           12 p.
           
             Printed for William Inghall ...,
             London :
             1681.
          
           
             Caption title.
             Signed at end: "Philanglus", which is a pseudonym for William Penn.
             Imprint from colophon.
             Reproduction of original in the Union Theological Seminary Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Catholic Church -- Controversial literature.
           Popish Plot, 1678.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           OATHS
           OF
           Irish
           Papists
           NO
           EVIDENNCE
           AGAINST
           Protestants
           :
           OR
           ,
           A
           Warning
           piece
           to
           JVRORS
           .
           In
           a
           LETTER
           to
           a
           FRIEND
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             !
          
        
         
           THE
           present
           state
           of
           things
           affords
           such
           various
           matter
           of
           serious
           reflection
           ,
           that
           to
           give
           you
           my
           Opinion
           concerning
           it
           ,
           would
           be
           to
           confound
           and
           intangle
           my
           thoughts
           in
           the
           most
           intricate
           Labyrinths
           of
           
             Popish
             Villanies
          
           ,
           and
           render
           my
           Discourse
           as
           confus'd
           a
           Chaos
           as
           the
           Subject
           of
           it
           .
           I
           have
           therefore
           singled
           out
           this
           one
           Question
           ,
           as
           more
           particularly
           deserving
           a
           satisfactory
           Answer
           :
        
         
         
           Whether
           notwithstanding
           many
           full
           and
           positive
           Oaths
           of
           IRISH
           PAPISTS
           ,
           a
           Protestant
           JURY
           may
           with
           a
           safe
           conscience
           give
           their
           Verdict
           contrary
           to
           the
           matter
           sworn
           in
           the
           present
           business
           of
           a
           PRESBYTERIAN
           Plot
           ?
        
         
           AND
           in
           Answer
           hereunto
           ,
           I
           humbly
           offer
           to
           your
           more
           solid
           judgment
           these
           following
           Considerations
           .
        
         
           
             I.
             
          
           
             PROTESTANTS
             in
             the
             general
             are
             suppos'd
             to
             be
             very
             well
             satisfied
             of
             this
             Real
             Truth
             ,
             That
             't
             is
             a
             Popish
             Principle
             inseparably
             annext
             to
             that
             
               Faithless
               Religion
            
             ,
             That
             
               Faith
               is
               not
               to
               be
               kept
               with
               Hereticks
               .
            
             And
             the
             experience
             of
             all
             Ages
             confirms
             their
             Practice
             to
             be
             conformable
             to
             Principles
             of
             their
             own
             making
             ,
             however
             unsuitable
             they
             have
             been
             to
             those
             of
             Christianity
             .
             To
             instance
             in
             particular
             persons
             ,
             nay
             to
             enumerate
             
               Popish
               Princes
            
             as
             well
             as
             their
             
               Council
               of
               Constance
            
             ,
             who
             have
             given
             abundant
             testimony
             to
             the
             truth
             of
             this
             Assertion
             ,
             would
             take
             up
             too
             much
             room
             in
             this
             short
             Discourse
             ,
             and
             insinuate
             that
             you
             are
             either
             not
             at
             all
             ,
             or
             (
             at
             least
             )
             a
             very
             
               ignorant
               Protestant
            
             .
             But
             since
             't
             is
             more
             consonant
             to
             the
             present
             Design
             ,
             I
             can't
             forbear
             to
             refer
             you
             to
             the
             several
             accounts
             which
             have
             been
             given
             of
             the
             
               Irish
               Rebellion
            
             in
             41.
             and
             those
             yet
             
               living
               witnesses
            
             of
             the
             Truth
             thereof
             ,
             by
             which
             you
             may
             be
             satisfied
             that
             this
             one
             Excuse
             
               cut
               the
               throats
               of
               many
               thousand
               Protestants
            
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             who
             surrendred
             themselves
             upon
             the
             promise
             of
             Life
             and
             safe
             Convoy
             into
             the
             English
             Quarters
             ;
             and
             yet
             were
             forthwith
             most
             barbarously
             Butcher'd
             .
             This
             Principle
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             was
             the
             only
             Funeral-Service
             of
             those
             poor
             credulous
             Murder'd
             Innocents
             .
          
        
         
           
             II.
             
          
           
             WE
             have
             therefore
             very
             little
             reason
             to
             expect
             that
             any
             
               other
               Oath
            
             should
             be
             thought
             more
             obligatory
             than
             that
             of
             Allegiance
             hath
             been
             ;
             or
             that
             Perjury
             should
             be
             more
             scrupled
             by
             a
             
               Roman
               Conscience
            
             than
             Massacres
             and
             Murders
             .
             But
             the
             Papists
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             did
             not
             only
             by
             the
             Martyrdom
             of
             some
             
               Hundred
               
               of
               thousands
            
             ,
             give
             as
             great
             testimony
             to
             the
             Falseness
             and
             Cruelty
             of
             their
             Religion
             ,
             as
             the
             primitive
             Martyrs
             did
             to
             the
             truth
             of
             Christianity
             :
             But
             as
             they
             had
             Treason
             enough
             to
             forfeit
             their
             Estates
             ,
             so
             they
             had
             
               Liberty
               of
               Conscience
            
             enough
             to
             save
             them
             too
             in
             this
             very
             point
             of
             Perjury
             .
             For
             the
             price
             of
             an
             Irish
             Papists
             Oath
             was
             as
             generally
             known
             at
             the
             
               Court
               of
               Claims
            
             ,
             as
             that
             of
             all
             sins
             is
             at
             the
             Court
             of
             Rome
             :
             And
             the
             multitude
             of
             persons
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             that
             enjoy
             their
             Estates
             ,
             tho'
             actually
             concern'd
             in
             that
             
               Horrid
               Rebellion
            
             ,
             is
             a
             sufficient
             evidence
             of
             the
             truth
             hereof
             .
             So
             that
             if
             it
             were
             demanded
             ,
             I
             doubt
             not
             but
             most
             of
             the
             Protestants
             in
             Ireland
             would
             sign
             a
             Certificate
             to
             this
             purpose
             ;
             and
             if
             Oaths
             were
             so
             plentiful
             a
             Commodity
             that
             a
             
               small
               sum
            
             could
             purchase
             them
             to
             save
             the
             Estates
             of
             others
             ,
             and
             that
             only
             for
             the
             advancement
             of
             a
             
               particular
               Papist
            
             ;
             how
             will
             those
             in
             whom
             want
             ,
             and
             baseness
             ,
             and
             
               lewd
               principles
            
             ,
             all
             concur
             to
             qualifie
             them
             for
             such
             a
             purpose
             ,
             judg
             an
             Oath
             or
             two
             an
             
               easie
               purchase
            
             of
             Wealth
             and
             Favour
             ,
             Fame
             and
             Saintship
             to
             themselves
             ,
             the
             Advancement
             of
             the
             Catholick
             Cause
             ,
             and
             the
             utter
             destruction
             of
             
               Three
               Nations
            
             of
             Hereticks
             ?
             Alas
             !
             't
             was
             a
             small
             piece
             of
             Policy
             to
             teach
             their
             Cubs
             of
             Five
             or
             Six
             year
             old
             to
             stab
             the
             
               Protestants
               Children
            
             !
             A
             Butcher's
             Trade
             ,
             ev'n
             in
             the
             
               Irish
               Shambles
            
             ,
             is
             not
             worth
             an
             Apprenticeship
             ,
             if
             their
             Childrens
             Tongues
             can
             do
             so
             much
             more
             than
             their
             Fathers
             hands
             ,
             by
             making
             them
             dye
             like
             Traytors
             ,
             whose
             Ancestors
             they
             destroy'd
             as
             Innocents
             ,
             if
             not
             Martyrs
             ;
             whilst
             a
             Protestant
             Jury
             by
             believing
             their
             Evidence
             ,
             will
             be
             unhappily
             assistant
             to
             make
             them
             as
             impudent
             in
             this
             way
             of
             Murder
             ,
             as
             they
             were
             in
             the
             Other
             .
          
        
         
           
             III.
             
          
           
             BUT
             let
             me
             a
             little
             consider
             the
             
               Gift
               of
               Swearing
            
             more
             particularly
             :
             Certainly
             an
             Oath
             
               unless
               given
               by
               lawful
               Authority
            
             ,
             is
             not
             more
             considerable
             than
             we
             so
             abundantly
             hear
             in
             common
             discourse
             ;
             and
             therefore
             if
             these
             
               Irish
               Witnesses
            
             are
             of
             opinion
             That
             
               the
               King
            
             ,
             nor
             any
             person
             deriving
             Authority
             from
             him
             ,
             have
             power
             to
             administer
             an
             Oath
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Courts
               of
               Judicature
            
             no
             more
             material
             in
             this
             case
             than
             the
             Market-place
             ,
             a
             Jury
             may
             as
             well
             believe
             the
             
               full-mouth'd
               Oaths
            
             which
             have
             these
             many
             
             months
             infected
             the
             air
             ,
             as
             a
             proof
             of
             a
             
               Presbyterian
               Plot
            
             in
             general
             ,
             as
             they
             can
             the
             Depositions
             of
             such
             persons
             to
             fix
             it
             on
             any
             Protestant
             in
             particular
             .
             But
             that
             our
             Kings
             have
             been
             ,
             and
             His
             present
             Majesty
             (
             as
             He
             is
             a
             Protestant
             Prince
             )
             is
             now
             Actually
             Excommunicated
             by
             the
             Pope
             ,
             not
             only
             by
             his
             
               Bulla
               Cenae
            
             ,
             but
             particularly
             and
             by
             Name
             ;
             and
             his
             Subjects
             Absolv'd
             from
             their
             Allegiance
             ,
             and
             any
             acknowledgment
             of
             his
             Authority
             ,
             is
             past
             all
             contradiction
             ;
             so
             that
             upon
             the
             matter
             ,
             I
             am
             as
             much
             bound
             to
             believe
             every
             Damn-me
             ,
             as
             such
             mens
             Oaths
             .
             But
             besides
             ,
             't
             is
             universally
             known
             ,
             with
             what
             contempt
             the
             Papists
             have
             at
             all
             times
             us'd
             our
             
               English
               Bibles
            
             ,
             and
             especially
             in
             Ireland
             ,
             where
             they
             have
             depos'd
             that
             on
             the
             Evangelists
             which
             they
             have
             refus'd
             on
             the
             Mass-Book
             .
             Agen
             :
             Their
             Doctrine
             of
             Equivocation
             has
             such
             influence
             on
             this
             Affair
             ,
             that
             the
             Assertion
             of
             a
             Protestant
             must
             be
             far
             more
             considerable
             than
             a
             Romanists
             Oath
             .
             For
             when
             they
             have
             sworn
             matter
             most
             intelligible
             ,
             and
             in
             expressions
             most
             emphatical
             ,
             no
             Juror
             can
             possibly
             know
             what
             they
             mean.
             For
             still
             they
             may
             have
             a
             Reservation
             in
             their
             minds
             of
             a
             quite
             
               contrary
               sense
            
             ,
             for
             ought
             he
             knows
             .
             And
             it
             can
             be
             no
             objection
             ,
             That
             they
             boggle
             at
             the
             Oath
             of
             Supremacy
             ;
             for
             the
             foundation
             of
             their
             Religion
             is
             so
             directly
             contrary
             to
             the
             matter
             of
             that
             Oath
             ,
             that
             the
             very
             sound
             of
             the
             words
             in
             the
             ears
             of
             Protestants
             out
             of
             a
             Roman
             mouth
             ,
             is
             not
             to
             be
             endur'd
             by
             the
             
               Holy
               See
            
             ,
             unless
             dispenc'd
             with
             on
             particular
             occasions
             .
             Neither
             can
             it
             be
             urg'd
             with
             any
             success
             ,
             
               That
               Protestants
               at
               this
               rate
               could
               not
               possibly
               live
               and
               enjoy
               their
               Estates
               in
               that
               Kingdom
               :
            
             For
             (
             as
             every
             Climate
             has
             peculiar
             Medicine
             suited
             to
             the
             predominant
             Maladies
             thereof
             ;
             so
             )
             their
             
               want
               of
               Honesty
            
             is
             tolerably
             remedied
             by
             their
             
               want
               of
               sense
            
             ;
             and
             they
             have
             been
             so
             often
             detected
             ,
             that
             't
             is
             the
             invincible
             Charity
             of
             the
             English
             which
             preserves
             the
             whole
             Herd
             from
             the
             common
             fate
             of
             Lyars
             .
             And
             here
             I
             cannot
             forbear
             to
             instance
             in
             
               one
               Example
            
             of
             their
             prodigious
             want
             of
             Thought
             .
             I
             could
             name
             the
             persons
             ,
             parties
             to
             the
             Action
             ,
             in
             which
             two
             Irish
             men
             swore
             that
             they
             were
             Witnesses
             to
             a
             
               Deed
               of
               Lease
            
             made
             by
             a
             certain
             Lord
             there
             on
             a
             set
             day
             ,
             and
             a
             set
             place
             ;
             when
             upon
             examination
             it
             was
             found
             that
             the
             Lord
             was
             
               dead
               ten
               years
               and
               above
            
             before
             the
             time
             depos'd
             :
             And
             they
             will
             generally
             ,
             tho'
             they
             can
             neither
             
               Read
               nor
               Write
            
             ,
             swear
             to
             
               Limitations
               of
               Estates
            
             at
             Thirty
             years
             distance
             ,
             which
             
             the
             Councellor
             himself
             will
             scarcely
             undertake
             to
             remember
             the
             next
             day
             after
             the
             Conveyance
             .
             And
             here
             I
             must
             not
             neglect
             the
             objection
             ,
             That
             if
             they
             be
             
               such
               block-heads
            
             ,
             they
             will
             easily
             discover
             themselves
             :
             For
             there
             never
             was
             a
             
               Nation
               of
               fools
            
             ,
             tho'
             that
             Qualification
             may
             be
             most
             predominant
             ;
             and
             the
             Popish
             Party
             in
             England
             have
             exprest
             so
             much
             both
             of
             the
             subtilty
             and
             poyson
             of
             the
             Serpent
             ,
             that
             it
             must
             not
             be
             thought
             strange
             tho'
             some
             prove
             more
             docible
             than
             the
             St.
             Omers
             Lads
             .
          
        
         
           
             IV.
             
          
           
             BUT
             I
             expect
             it
             will
             be
             retorted
             ,
             
               That
               upon
               the
               Evidence
               of
               these
               persons
               Protestant
               Juries
               have
               not
               scrupled
               to
               pronounce
               many
               guilty
               of
               the
               most
               horrid
               Crimes
               .
            
             And
             that
             
               this
               may
               give
               pretence
               to
               Popish
               Juries
               ,
            
             if
             we
             must
             ever
             be
             so
             miserable
             as
             to
             be
             tryed
             by
             such
             ,
             to
             give
             as
             
               little
               credit
               to
               a
               Protestant
               Oath
               as
               we
               do
               to
               a
               Popish
               .
            
             To
             the
             first
             I
             answer
             :
             That
             there
             is
             no
             other
             Evidence
             can
             be
             expected
             of
             Popish
             Treasons
             ,
             but
             some
             of
             their
             
               own
               Confederates
            
             (
             I
             mean
             as
             to
             Oral
             Testimony
             )
             :
             Those
             
               Oaths
               of
               Secrecy
            
             which
             have
             been
             administred
             in
             their
             Respective
             Plots
             since
             the
             Gunpowder-Treason
             ,
             and
             were
             so
             lately
             renew'd
             in
             Ireland
             ,
             exclude
             all
             Protestants
             from
             the
             knowledg
             of
             their
             practises
             :
             And
             the
             Discoverer
             of
             the
             Horrid
             
               Irish
               Rebellion
            
             in
             41.
             was
             forc't
             to
             take
             
               Oaths
               and
               Sacraments
            
             enough
             to
             damn
             a
             World
             ,
             before
             he
             was
             capable
             of
             that
             Service
             which
             he
             did
             in
             preserving
             the
             City
             of
             Dublin
             .
             Besides
             ,
             he
             must
             be
             suppos'd
             more
             likely
             to
             
               speak
               truth
            
             ,
             who
             pretends
             to
             discover
             a
             Plot
             among
             persons
             of
             his
             own
             Persuasion
             ,
             and
             intimate
             acquaintance
             ,
             than
             against
             those
             whom
             they
             always
             reckon
             their
             most
             formidable
             Enemies
             ,
             and
             have
             so
             often
             us'd
             as
             such
             ,
             especially
             when
             the
             Discovery
             of
             it
             exposes
             him
             to
             the
             greatest
             dangers
             ,
             and
             makes
             him
             forfeit
             both
             his
             Religion
             and
             Relations
             ;
             and
             he
             swears
             without
             the
             assistance
             of
             the
             forementioned
             principle
             ,
             or
             any
             temptation
             :
             Such
             an
             one
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             is
             much
             rather
             to
             be
             credited
             than
             he
             who
             will
             needs
             be
             a
             Discoverer
             of
             Designs
             among
             persons
             of
             a
             far
             different
             judgment
             ,
             and
             his
             professed
             Enemies
             ;
             and
             who
             will
             be
             reckon'd
             almost
             as
             much
             deserving
             pity
             for
             their
             more
             than
             
               Irish
               folly
            
             ,
             as
             hatred
             for
             their
             detestable
             Treasons
             ,
             should
             they
             be
             guilty
             of
             the
             Crimes
             pretended
             .
             But
             perhaps
             't
             was
             not
             the
             Oaths
             of
             the
             Irish
             Witnesses
             ,
             
             so
             much
             as
             the
             
               Irresistible
               Evidence
            
             of
             concurring
             circumstances
             ,
             and
             violent
             presumptions
             ,
             which
             't
             is
             probable
             did
             most
             influence
             the
             Jurors
             in
             those
             Verdicts
             :
             For
             he
             that
             either
             knows
             (
             or
             has
             heard
             )
             any
             thing
             of
             the
             state
             of
             Ireland
             ,
             must
             confess
             ,
             That
             since
             they
             became
             subject
             to
             the
             English
             Government
             ,
             every
             
               Forty
               years
            
             at
             least
             hath
             produc'd
             an
             
               Actual
               Rebellion
            
             ,
             and
             the
             seeds
             thereof
             are
             continually
             sowing
             ,
             and
             more
             industriously
             cultivated
             amongst
             them
             since
             the
             Reformation
             ,
             by
             the
             Romish
             Emissaries
             .
             And
             why
             should
             we
             not
             think
             
               Protestant
               Plotters
            
             (
             if
             such
             there
             be
             )
             as
             prudent
             to
             keep
             their
             Intrigues
             from
             the
             knowledg
             of
             such
             Weather-cocks
             as
             the
             Irish
             are
             generally
             reputed
             ;
             as
             the
             Romanists
             ,
             who
             never
             discover
             theirs
             unless
             to
             persons
             fixt
             to
             their
             Party
             with
             all
             possible
             Obligations
             ?
             For
             such
             Reasons
             as
             these
             we
             believe
             Papists
             against
             Papists
             :
             But
             cannot
             (
             their
             Principles
             consider'd
             )
             allow
             them
             to
             be
             
               sufficient
               Evidence
            
             against
             Protestants
             ,
             as
             well
             for
             the
             Causes
             before-mentioned
             ,
             as
             also
             for
             this
             considerable
             difference
             :
             A
             Protestant
             believes
             Perjury
             in
             any
             case
             against
             any
             person
             ,
             be
             he
             
               Papist
               ,
               Jew
            
             or
             Infidel
             ,
             to
             be
             a
             damnable
             Sin
             ;
             and
             that
             no
             person
             on
             Earth
             can
             Pardon
             it
             ,
             or
             Absolve
             him
             for
             such
             a
             Guilt
             .
             But
             a
             Papist
             either
             believes
             that
             't
             is
             meritorious
             to
             forswear
             himself
             against
             an
             Heretick
             ,
             when
             it
             may
             considerably
             advantage
             
               Holy
               Church
            
             ;
             or
             at
             worst
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             a
             Crime
             ,
             he
             knows
             't
             is
             but
             going
             to
             Confession
             ,
             and
             he
             can
             get
             an
             Absolution
             ,
             which
             you
             need
             not
             doubt
             but
             in
             such
             Cases
             as
             we
             are
             speaking
             of
             ,
             the
             Ghostly
             Father
             will
             grant
             a
             very
             
               easie
               Penance
            
             :
             which
             being
             once
             performed
             ,
             our
             Irish
             Popish
             Evidence
             reckons
             himself
             as
             clear
             from
             the
             Guilt
             of
             the
             Perjury
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Murders
             thereby
             occasion'd
             ,
             as
             the
             
               Child
               unborn
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             V.
             
          
           
             BUT
             as
             to
             the
             other
             part
             of
             the
             Objection
             ,
             drawn
             from
             the
             fear
             of
             such
             usage
             from
             them
             ,
             viz.
             
               That
               if
               we
               won't
               believe
               Popish
               Witnesses
               now
               ,
               they
               won't
               believe
               Protestant
               Witnesses
               another
               day
               .
            
             The
             answer
             is
             very
             plain
             .
             Surely
             no
             Protestant
             expects
             to
             be
             troubled
             with
             a
             Trial
             for
             Treason
             ,
             in
             case
             we
             must
             be
             blest
             with
             a
             Popish
             Successor
             .
             Heresie
             is
             a
             ready
             and
             greater
             Crime
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             the
             Roman
             sense
             every
             true
             Protestant
             will
             be
             Convicted
             
             of
             by
             his
             own
             Confession
             ,
             without
             Verdict
             .
             But
             supposing
             the
             Wolf
             should
             Parley
             with
             the
             Lamb
             ,
             and
             give
             a
             Protestant
             Trial
             on
             an
             Accusation
             for
             Treason
             ;
             or
             upon
             Issue
             join'd
             between
             a
             Papist
             and
             Protestant
             under
             such
             a
             Government
             ,
             unless
             they
             can
             charge
             the
             Protestant
             Principles
             with
             the
             same
             Justice
             ,
             with
             which
             we
             condemn
             theirs
             ,
             Equity
             demands
             more
             credit
             to
             our
             Depositions
             :
             But
             the
             sad
             Instances
             in
             the
             Neighbour-Nation
             ,
             of
             what
             Right
             Protestants
             find
             in
             
               Popish
               Judicatures
            
             ,
             makes
             this
             Objection
             of
             as
             little
             Weight
             ,
             as
             their
             Oppressions
             are
             heavy
             and
             intolerable
             .
          
        
         
           
             VI.
             
          
           
             ONCE
             more
             consider
             ,
             what
             a
             special
             case
             the
             Lord
             Shaftsbury
             (
             for
             example
             )
             or
             
               any
               other
               Protestant
            
             so
             publickly
             engag'd
             against
             Popery
             ,
             should
             be
             in
             ,
             if
             Coleman
             and
             that
             Herd
             of
             Priests
             and
             Jesuits
             ,
             who
             have
             
               lyed
               and
               equivocated
            
             themselves
             into
             the
             other
             world
             ,
             were
             alive
             ,
             and
             the
             Plot
             undiscover'd
             ?
             Will
             any
             Protestant
             believe
             that
             the
             Authors
             of
             those
             Speeches
             which
             they
             left
             behind
             them
             (
             those
             prodigious
             Untruths
             of
             seared
             Consciences
             ,
             which
             had
             not
             the
             Divine
             Oracles
             warn'd
             us
             of
             ,
             we
             could
             not
             believe
             any
             thing
             of
             humane
             shape
             could
             utter
             on
             this
             side
             of
             Hell
             )
             would
             have
             made
             any
             more
             scruple
             to
             accuse
             others
             ,
             than
             they
             did
             to
             excuse
             themselves
             ?
             and
             yet
             they
             had
             not
             that
             Emphatical
             addition
             of
             
               Irish
               Witnesses
            
             !
             The
             Case
             indeed
             had
             been
             extremely
             difficult
             to
             have
             clear'd
             a
             person
             charg'd
             by
             so
             
               many
               Witnesses
            
             ;
             especially
             when
             the
             Quality
             of
             the
             persons
             might
             have
             been
             better
             conceal'd
             ,
             than
             that
             of
             
               Modern
               Swearers
            
             .
             But
             the
             Reason
             ,
             why
             noted
             Protestants
             have
             so
             long
             liv'd
             free
             from
             such
             Hellish
             Attempts
             ,
             must
             ,
             next
             to
             the
             Protection
             of
             
               Divine
               Providence
            
             ,
             be
             imputed
             to
             their
             spotless
             Loyalty
             and
             prudent
             Circumspection
             ;
             and
             on
             the
             other
             part
             ,
             to
             the
             fear
             of
             detection
             ,
             which
             hath
             a
             far
             greater
             awe
             on
             
               Catholick
               Consciences
            
             than
             that
             of
             Damnation
             .
          
        
         
           
             VII
             .
          
           
             I
             observe
             ,
             that
             when
             Mr.
             F
             —
             had
             chang'd
             his
             Coat
             ,
             and
             was
             grown
             too
             Court-like
             for
             his
             former
             Acquaintance
             ,
             he
             presently
             
             chang'd
             his
             Note
             too
             ;
             and
             the
             Influence
             of
             
               Surprizing
               Gold
            
             was
             such
             ,
             that
             his
             foolish
             Ostentations
             were
             render'd
             ridiculous
             by
             Mr.
             M
             —
             himself
             ,
             to
             whom
             he
             often
             produced
             his
             
               Handful
               of
               Temptation
            
             :
             And
             I
             no
             sooner
             saw
             Mr.
             M
             —
             new
             -
             thatcht
             ,
             but
             he
             had
             found
             a
             
               New
               Plot
            
             ;
             I
             suppose
             in
             the
             Pockets
             of
             his
             
               New
               Cloaths
            
             .
             For
             will
             any
             man
             of
             common
             Sense
             believe
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             Protestant
             Interest
             had
             been
             so
             far
             left
             of
             God
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             endeavour
             to
             secure
             themselves
             by
             Subornation
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             also
             have
             put
             these
             men
             beyond
             the
             Temptation
             of
             a
             piece
             of
             Cloath
             and
             a
             few
             Guinies
             ?
             But
             if
             some
             persons
             of
             the
             Protestant
             Religion
             ,
             out
             of
             pity
             to
             their
             seeming
             Necessities
             ,
             who
             pretended
             to
             leave
             their
             Country
             and
             their
             Gods
             ,
             to
             save
             Innocent
             Blood
             ,
             did
             contribute
             so
             far
             as
             not
             to
             suffer
             these
             wretches
             to
             starve
             ,
             who
             can
             conclude
             hence
             the
             Guilt
             of
             Subornation
             ?
             That
             they
             did
             
               so
               much
            
             as
             to
             keep
             them
             alive
             ,
             is
             an
             Evidence
             of
             
               Christian
               Charity
            
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             did
             
               no
               more
            
             ,
             is
             an
             invincible
             Proof
             of
             their
             Christian
             Truth
             ,
             Loyalty
             ,
             and
             Innocence
             .
          
        
         
           
             VIII
             .
          
           
             BUT
             (
             some
             say
             )
             
               One
               positive
               Oath
            
             ,
             nay
             oftentimes
             presumptions
             without
             an
             Oath
             are
             sufficient
             Evidence
             to
             a
             
               Grand
               Jury
            
             .
             To
             this
             what
             I
             have
             already
             said
             ,
             may
             I
             hope
             give
             some
             Answer
             .
             The
             Question
             is
             not
             ,
             Whether
             
               a
               Jury
               may
               give
               their
               Verdict
               against
               Evidence
               ?
            
             But
             whether
             
               such
               Oaths
            
             are
             any
             
               Evidence
               to
               a
               Jury
            
             ,
             where
             the
             things
             sworn
             are
             Improbable
             ,
             nay
             morally
             Impossible
             ?
             Can
             a
             Jury
             find
             a
             Bill
             ,
             because
             some
             Fellows
             say
             ,
             (
             for
             I
             have
             before
             proved
             an
             Oath
             with
             them
             to
             be
             no
             more
             )
             that
             the
             person
             is
             Guilty
             ,
             when
             the
             matter
             of
             the
             Accusation
             is
             absurd
             ;
             and
             't
             is
             apparent
             their
             Principles
             ,
             their
             Cloaths
             ,
             their
             Pockets
             and
             their
             Salvation
             incline
             'em
             to
             such
             an
             Assertion
             ?
             But
             this
             is
             
               but
               an
               Accusation
            
             ,
             say
             others
             ;
             and
             the
             business
             of
             a
             Grand
             Jury
             is
             only
             to
             bring
             the
             party
             accused
             to
             Answer
             :
             But
             
               not
               to
               say
               a
               Conspiracy
            
             ,
             because
             some
             people
             
               say
               a
               Conspiracy
            
             ,
             was
             a
             Caution
             given
             long
             ago
             by
             the
             Prophet
             .
             And
             certainly
             ,
             
               a
               false
               Accusation
            
             is
             but
             few
             degrees
             less
             Devilish
             than
             
               a
               false
               Condemnation
            
             ;
             and
             he
             that
             will
             Accuse
             another
             without
             grounds
             ,
             will
             make
             but
             little
             Conscience
             to
             Condemn
             him
             too
             .
             But
             there
             are
             Peers
             concern'd
             ,
             
             and
             according
             to
             the
             present
             Scheme
             of
             our
             Laws
             ,
             a
             Peer
             seems
             to
             be
             in
             a
             worse
             condition
             on
             any
             Criminal
             Charge
             ,
             than
             the
             meanest
             Commoner
             .
             For
             the
             latter
             ,
             besides
             the
             Grand
             Juries
             Accusation
             ,
             must
             have
             another
             Jury
             Impannell'd
             by
             the
             Sheriff
             ,
             who
             is
             sworn
             impartially
             to
             execute
             his
             Office
             ;
             and
             he
             has
             the
             liberty
             in
             Case
             of
             Treason
             to
             except
             peremptorily
             against
             Thirty
             Five
             without
             assigning
             
               any
               Cause
            
             ,
             and
             against
             as
             many
             more
             as
             he
             can
             shew
             just
             Reason
             ;
             and
             then
             the
             Twelve
             that
             he
             puts
             himself
             upon
             ,
             (
             who
             must
             be
             of
             his
             own
             Neighbourhood
             )
             are
             upon
             Oath
             ,
             and
             can
             make
             no
             Verdict
             against
             him
             without
             
               every
               man
               of
               them
            
             agree
             to
             it
             .
             Whereas
             when
             once
             a
             Bill
             is
             found
             against
             a
             Peer
             ,
             his
             Tryal
             (
             unless
             in
             Case
             of
             Impeachments
             )
             is
             by
             a
             select
             number
             of
             Peers
             (
             commonly
             Twenty
             Five
             )
             constituted
             by
             Royal
             Commission
             ;
             against
             any
             of
             whom
             ,
             tho'
             his
             known
             and
             profess'd
             Enemies
             ,
             he
             is
             allowed
             no
             Liberty
             of
             Challenge
             .
             And
             as
             they
             are
             not
             Sworn
             ,
             so
             likewise
             the
             Majority
             of
             their
             Voices
             includes
             the
             rest
             ;
             so
             that
             if
             any
             Thirteen
             of
             them
             are
             pleased
             to
             pronounce
             him
             Guilty
             ,
             To
             the
             Gibbet
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             to
             the
             Ax
             he
             must
             go
             .
             And
             therefore
             certainly
             it
             concerns
             
               Grand
               Juries
            
             (
             especially
             in
             such
             Cases
             )
             to
             be
             duely
             circumspect
             and
             well
             satisfied
             of
             
               the
               Evidence
            
             on
             which
             they
             find
             Bills
             ,
             wherein
             a
             mans
             Life
             ,
             and
             Estate
             ,
             and
             Honour
             ,
             and
             the
             utter
             Ruine
             of
             his
             Family
             is
             concern'd
             .
             For
             should
             we
             ever
             fall
             under
             a
             
               Popish
               Successor
            
             ,
             't
             is
             to
             be
             feared
             in
             such
             cases
             ,
             Accusation
             and
             Condemnation
             will
             differ
             only
             
               Objectivè
               in
               Intellectu
            
             .
             For
             should
             a
             Bill
             be
             found
             against
             a
             Protestant
             Lord
             ,
             one
             might
             without
             consulting
             the
             Stars
             ,
             or
             breach
             of
             Prerogative
             ,
             venture
             to
             name
             the
             Triers
             ,
             and
             foretel
             the
             Verdict
             .
             For
             though
             I
             have
             a
             just
             Deference
             and
             Veneration
             for
             the
             
               English
               Nobility
            
             ;
             yet
             't
             is
             not
             easily
             to
             be
             decided
             ,
             whether
             in
             case
             of
             this
             
               vast
               consequence
            
             to
             the
             Popish
             Interest
             ,
             the
             Honour
             of
             Popish
             Lords
             ,
             or
             the
             Oaths
             of
             their
             Commons
             ,
             deserve
             the
             greater
             credit
             .
          
        
         
           
             IX
             .
          
           
             BUT
             still
             't
             is
             Objected
             ,
             That
             
               a
               Lawful
               Witness
            
             is
             according
             to
             the
             general
             sense
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             such
             a
             Witness
             as
             is
             allow'd
             by
             the
             Laws
             of
             the
             Realm
             ;
             and
             if
             what
             has
             been
             said
             be
             true
             ,
             How
             is
             it
             that
             there
             is
             no
             Law
             disabling
             persons
             of
             this
             Character
             to
             be
             allow'd
             as
             Evidence
             ?
             'T
             is
             true
             ,
             the
             Law
             admits
             almost
             all
             persons
             to
             be
             Sworn
             as
             Witnesses
             ;
             but
             the
             Oath
             of
             every
             Lawful
             Witness
             (
             in
             this
             sense
             )
             is
             not
             Evidence
             ,
             as
             was
             remarkably
             
             
               Adjudg'd
               in
               the
               Case
               of
               Mr.
            
             Dangerfield
             .
             And
             if
             the
             
               Debauch'd
               Practices
            
             of
             a
             Witness
             will
             destroy
             his
             Evidence
             ,
             for
             the
             supposition
             that
             he
             dare
             be
             perjur'd
             ,
             tho'
             he
             is
             also
             suppos'd
             to
             know
             it
             to
             be
             a
             Sin
             ,
             What
             Influence
             will
             
               debauch'd
               Principles
            
             ,
             which
             make
             Perjury
             
               a
               Duty
            
             ,
             have
             to
             take
             away
             the
             Credit
             of
             a
             Witness
             ?
             If
             the
             Oaths
             of
             Swearers
             were
             sufficient
             to
             rule
             the
             Conscienees
             of
             Twelve
             men
             ,
             without
             
               any
               consideration
            
             of
             the
             Persons
             ,
             or
             their
             Principles
             ,
             or
             the
             matter
             Sworn
             ;
             how
             little
             are
             we
             beholding
             to
             that
             Clause
             of
             
               Magna
               Charta
            
             ,
             which
             confirms
             the
             antient
             Law
             of
             Trials
             by
             Jurors
             ?
             It
             is
             a
             wonderful
             grace
             in
             a
             Protestant
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             the
             Romanists
             ,
             who
             own
             Allegiance
             to
             
               a
               Foreign
               Power
            
             ,
             are
             permitted
             to
             enjoy
             
               Liberam
               Legem
            
             ;
             and
             while
             such
             undeserved
             Favour
             is
             continued
             ,
             they
             can't
             be
             Excluded
             from
             Swearing
             ,
             or
             Challeng'd
             to
             be
             Witnesses
             ;
             but
             still
             't
             is
             left
             to
             the
             Jury
             to
             value
             their
             Testimony
             ;
             And
             (
             especially
             in
             this
             case
             of
             concern
             to
             Holy
             Mother
             Church
             )
             they
             are
             ,
             as
             in
             Cases
             of
             Alliance
             ,
             Relation
             ,
             and
             parties
             in
             Interest
             ,
             to
             be
             Sworn
             indeed
             ;
             but
             their
             Credit
             left
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Jury
             ,
             which
             in
             Civil
             Causes
             may
             be
             considerable
             ;
             but
             where
             the
             Catholick
             Cause
             is
             concern'd
             ,
             cannot
             be
             so
             .
          
        
         
           
             X.
             
          
           
             BUT
             what
             is
             it
             which
             these
             Fellows
             would
             Swear
             upon
             the
             World
             ?
             A
             Plot
             !
             a
             Plot
             of
             Protestants
             against
             themselves
             !
             and
             (
             the
             
               only
               security
            
             they
             have
             under
             God
             )
             the
             Life
             of
             their
             Prince
             !
             A
             Sham
             so
             often
             discover'd
             ,
             and
             so
             generally
             known
             ,
             that
             by
             attempting
             to
             Retrieve
             it
             ,
             they
             demonstrate
             their
             matchless
             Impudence
             ,
             and
             the
             desperate
             condition
             of
             their
             Cause
             .
             Mr.
             Dangerfield
             (
             how
             honest
             soever
             he
             be
             grown
             )
             is
             not
             yet
             arriv'd
             to
             such
             perfection
             ,
             as
             to
             pretend
             a
             
               Prophetick
               Spirit
            
             ;
             yet
             his
             particular
             Narrative
             will
             well
             serve
             for
             a
             History
             of
             the
             
             Presbyterian-Plot
             .
             The
             Paper-Designs
             indeed
             were
             ruin'd
             by
             the
             Meal-Tub
             ,
             his
             and
             
             Fitz-Harris's
             Business
             ;
             and
             there
             was
             no
             
               hiding
               Treason
            
             in
             Presbyterian
             Houses
             or
             Pockets
             ;
             but
             
               Downright
               Swearing
            
             will
             serve
             as
             well
             ;
             and
             the
             
               500
               l.
            
             which
             Dangerfield
             had
             merited
             by
             one
             Stab
             ,
             will
             go
             a
             good
             way
             in
             Irish
             Oaths
             .
             You
             must
             know
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             these
             watchful
             Loyalists
             spy'd
             Treason
             just
             peeping
             out
             of
             Presbyterian
             mouths
             ,
             and
             sink
             down
             agen
             into
             their
             hearts
             !
             And
             if
             Oaths
             will
             do
             ,
             they
             will
             have
             it
             out
             
               Blood
               and
               all
            
             .
             But
             we
             in
             the
             Countrey
             can
             never
             believe
             that
             His
             Majesty
             (
             who
             was
             pleased
             to
             declare
             in
             Council
             ,
             that
             he
             gave
             no
             credit
             to
             
             Dangerfield's
             
             private
             pretended
             Discovery
             ,
             because
             the
             business
             was
             impossible
             ,
             can
             encline
             His
             Royal
             Heart
             to
             believe
             the
             same
             Sham
             on
             such
             paltry
             Testimony
             ;
             or
             that
             the
             Army
             listed
             in
             the
             Meal-tub
             ,
             can
             ever
             attempt
             much
             on
             his
             Person
             ;
             but
             rather
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             business
             is
             
               a
               Story
            
             contriv'd
             ,
             and
             consented
             to
             ,
             and
             carried
             on
             in
             general
             by
             the
             
               Popish
               Party
            
             ,
             and
             intended
             for
             a
             Mask
             ,
             hoping
             that
             whilst
             the
             King
             ,
             if
             His
             Majesty
             should
             believe
             it
             ,
             was
             preparing
             for
             the
             Safety
             of
             His
             
               Sacred
               Person
            
             ,
             against
             the
             pretended
             Conspiracy
             of
             the
             Presbyterian
             Party
             ,
             they
             might
             have
             the
             more
             time
             to
             
               move
               on
            
             with
             their
             own
             Plot
             ,
             which
             was
             still
             to
             possess
             the
             King
             with
             the
             real
             belief
             of
             the
             said
             Sham-Plot
             .
             See
             Dangerfields
             Narrat
             .
             p.
             34.
             
          
        
         
           
             XI
             .
          
           
             NOR
             is
             it
             sufficient
             to
             Apologize
             for
             these
             Witnesses
             ,
             That
             possibly
             they
             
               profess
               themselves
               Protestants
            
             ;
             considering
             how
             easie
             't
             is
             for
             a
             Romanist
             to
             take
             a
             new
             Epithete
             according
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             his
             design
             .
             Therefore
             what
             Profession
             he
             was
             of
             when
             his
             Thoughts
             were
             free
             and
             undisturb'd
             with
             the
             Temptations
             of
             Honour
             and
             Wealth
             ,
             must
             be
             the
             Rule
             of
             Judgment
             ,
             especially
             when
             his
             Actions
             are
             still
             apparently
             calculated
             for
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Religion
             ,
             which
             he
             pretends
             to
             have
             abandoned
             ,
             and
             against
             that
             which
             he
             would
             be
             thought
             to
             have
             embraced
             .
             And
             tho'
             the
             small
             Remains
             of
             Humanity
             ,
             which
             Antichristianism
             leaves
             ,
             improved
             by
             the
             probability
             of
             Advantage
             ,
             might
             provoke
             them
             to
             discover
             the
             
               Irish
               Treasons
            
             ;
             yet
             when
             the
             hopes
             of
             the
             Reward
             vanishes
             ,
             and
             the
             Traytors
             seem
             to
             have
             
               weather'd
               the
               point
            
             ,
             and
             have
             Reason
             to
             promise
             themselves
             Success
             ,
             what
             can
             be
             more
             natural
             than
             to
             accept
             of
             Reconciliation
             to
             the
             prevailing
             Party
             on
             Terms
             of
             such
             extraordinary
             Advantage
             both
             to
             the
             Cause
             and
             themselves
             ?
             'T
             was
             no
             slight
             Argument
             of
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Philistines
             to
             disswade
             Achish
             from
             accepting
             Davids
             Service
             ,
             
               Wherewith
               shall
               he
               reconcile
               himself
               to
               his
               Master
               ,
               but
               with
               the
               heads
               of
               these
               men
               ?
            
             And
             the
             same
             Argument
             can't
             be
             inconsiderable
             in
             our
             case
             to
             any
             man
             of
             tolerable
             understanding
             .
             And
             truly
             these
             mens
             Circumstances
             duly
             considered
             ,
             tho'
             they
             were
             persons
             otherwise
             of
             some
             Credit
             ;
             their
             Testimony
             in
             this
             Case
             seems
             very
             unhappy
             :
             For
             either
             there
             is
             a
             
               Popish
               Plot
            
             or
             no
             :
             If
             there
             be
             ,
             the
             design
             of
             the
             casting
             the
             odium
             of
             it
             on
             the
             Prsbyterians
             ,
             evidently
             appears
             (
             in
             the
             business
             of
             Claypole
             and
             the
             Discoveries
             before
             mentioned
             )
             to
             have
             been
             from
             
             the
             
               most
               labour'd
            
             Scene
             of
             that
             horrid
             Tragedy
             ;
             and
             then
             for
             a
             Protestant
             to
             be
             credulous
             of
             such
             a
             forg'd
             design
             ,
             is
             little
             less
             than
             Self-Murder
             .
             But
             if
             there
             be
             no
             
               Popish
               Plot
            
             ,
             these
             persons
             are
             
               already
               perjur'd
            
             ;
             and
             consequently
             their
             Evidence
             wholly
             insufficient
             .
          
        
         
           
             XII
             .
          
           
             BUT
             there
             is
             a
             Corner
             of
             the
             World
             near
             Oxford
             ,
             where
             ,
             as
             if
             the
             University
             did
             not
             only
             Monopolize
             the
             Learning
             ,
             but
             the
             very
             Sense
             of
             the
             County
             too
             ,
             there
             are
             (
             they
             say
             )
             
               Twelve
               men
            
             to
             be
             found
             ,
             who
             notwithstanding
             all
             this
             ,
             are
             ready
             to
             shew
             their
             
               implicite
               Faith
            
             ,
             That
             they
             have
             lately
             approved
             themselves
             fit
             for
             this
             (
             pretended
             Loyal
             )
             Service
             ,
             without
             all
             Contradiction
             ,
             in
             a
             very
             remarkable
             manner
             ;
             For
             
               some
               Persons
            
             in
             that
             County
             being
             lately
             presented
             for
             Conventiclers
             ,
             and
             the
             Evidence
             proving
             only
             an
             Assembly
             of
             four
             beside
             the
             Family
             ;
             the
             Jury
             was
             directed
             ,
             That
             according
             to
             the
             very
             Letter
             and
             sense
             of
             the
             Statute
             ,
             they
             could
             not
             find
             the
             Persons
             guilty
             ;
             yet
             such
             was
             the
             Zeal
             of
             these
             blessed
             Jurors
             (
             you
             must
             believe
             )
             
               for
               the
               Protestant
               Religion
               established
               by
               Law
               ,
            
             That
             notwithstanding
             the
             Mathematical
             Demonstration
             ,
             That
             4
             are
             not
             5
             or
             more
             ,
             they
             could
             do
             no
             less
             than
             find
             them
             Guilty
             .
          
           
             BUT
             Sir
             ,
             in
             what
             I
             have
             said
             ,
             I
             would
             not
             be
             understood
             to
             
               excuse
               Treason
            
             in
             men
             of
             my
             own
             Religion
             .
             I
             should
             abhor
             my
             very
             being
             ,
             should
             my
             Soul
             be
             contaminated
             with
             the
             least
             spot
             of
             Treason
             against
             my
             Sovereign
             ;
             and
             nothing
             is
             more
             seriously
             my
             desire
             ,
             than
             that
             all
             Persons
             who
             are
             guilty
             ,
             may
             be
             brought
             to
             
               condign
               punishment
            
             ;
             neither
             will
             I
             affirm
             ,
             That
             't
             is
             impossible
             for
             a
             man
             zealous
             for
             the
             Protestant
             Religion
             ,
             to
             be
             betray'd
             into
             Treason
             by
             his
             Passions
             ,
             tho'
             I
             am
             sure
             he
             can
             never
             be
             so
             by
             his
             Principles
             .
             And
             if
             any
             such
             person
             suffer
             for
             it
             ,
             there
             's
             no
             Reason
             that
             Protestants
             should
             be
             reproacht
             on
             that
             account
             .
             But
             this
             
               general
               Design
            
             of
             Protestants
             so
             much
             talkt
             of
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             impos'd
             on
             the
             belief
             of
             
               English
               men
            
             upon
             no
             better
             grounds
             than
             I
             have
             yet
             heard
             ,
             
               ENTER
               ROME
               TRIUMPHANT
               ,
               I●paean
            
             to
             the
             Whore
             of
             Babylon
             ;
             we
             are
             fit
             to
             pay
             
               Peter
               Pence
            
             once
             more
             ;
             When
             we
             begin
             to
             deny
             
               Mathematical
               Demonstration
            
             ,
             and
             to
             believe
             a
             
               Presbyterian
               Plot
            
             on
             
               Popish
               Evidence
            
             ,
             we
             are
             just
             moulded
             to
             receive
             the
             impression
             of
             all
             absurdities
             ,
             even
             the
             Popes
             Infallibility
             and
             Transubstantiation
             it self
             .
          
           
             
               Yours
               Philanglus
               .
            
             
               
                 August
                 1st
                 .
                 1681.
                 
              
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
           LONDON
           :
           
             Prined
             for
          
           William
           Inghall
           the
           Eld.
           Book-binder
           .
           1681.