item: #1 of 51 id: 10251 author: Kingsley, Charles title: Town Geology date: None words: 44242 flesch: 71 summary: You will see the lime-mud hardened into rock beds; you will see the shells embedded in it; you will see the corals in every stage of destruction; you will see whole layers made up of innumerable fragments of Crinoids--no wonder they are innumerable, for, it has been calculated, there are in a single animal of some of the species 140,000 joints--140,000 bits of lime to fall apart when its soft parts decay. We should find blocks of rock left behind, and perched about on other rocks of a different kind. keywords: beds; clay; coal; earth; england; fact; feet; geology; god; ice; know; land; limestone; look; man; men; mountain; mud; new; place; readers; red; right; rocks; sand; science; sea; sense; shells; slate; soil; south; stones; time; water; world cache: 10251.txt plain text: 10251.txt item: #2 of 51 id: 12861 author: Hutton, James title: Theory of the Earth, With Proofs and Illustrations, Volume 1 (of 4) date: None words: 121826 flesch: 51 summary: Je ne dirai donc pas qu'elles ont été créées ainsi, parce qu'en physique je ne dois pas employer des expressions sur lesquelles on ne s'entend pas. ©té, il y a, aussi, de la calcédoine et des agathes de couleurs différentes. keywords: appearances; author; bituminous; bodies; body; calcareous; case; certain; cette; coal; coal strata; composition; consolidation; country; dans; de la; des; dã ©; earth; effect; est; et de; example; fact; fire; fluid; form; formation; forming; fusion; general; globe; granite; gã ©; heat; history; horizontal; kind; l'ã ©; land; les; mais; manner; masses; materials; matter; means; mineral; mineral bodies; mineral operations; minã ©; montagnes; mountains; mã ©; mãªme; nature; nã ©; ocean; operations; order; origin; parts; pas; pierre; place; power; present; principle; prã ©; purpose; que; question; qui; reason; reasoning; regard; rã ©; sand; schistus; sea; solution; sont; species; state; stone; stone strata; strata; stratum; subject; substance; supposition; surface; system; theory; things; time; une; vegetable; veins; view; water; world; © es; © jã; © s; © tã; ã © cache: 12861.txt plain text: 12861.txt item: #3 of 51 id: 14179 author: Hutton, James title: Theory of the Earth, With Proofs and Illustrations, Volume 2 (of 4) date: None words: 105758 flesch: 58 summary: Je voyois cette chaîne composée de feuillets que l'on pouvoit considérer comme des couches; je voyois ces couches verticales dans le centre de cette chaîne et celles des secondaires presque verticales dans le point de leur contact avec elles, le devenir moins à de plus grandes distances, et s'approcher peu-à-peu de la situation horizontale à mesure qu'elles s'éloignoient de leur point d'appui. On comprend que ce vide et ce remplacement, se sont faits dans le temps même de la formation de ces rochers. keywords: ainsi; appearances; aussi; author; autres; avoir; bancs; base de; bien; blocs de; bodies; c'est; calcaire; cause; ce sont; celle; certain; ces; coast; comme; continent; couches; country; couverte de; côté; d'autres; d'une; dans la; dans un; de ce; de cette; de chamouni; de granit; de hospital; de la; de luc; de mica; de montagnes; de même; de quelque; de saussure; de tous; de toutes; des; des couches; dessus; deux; débris de; earth; eaux; eaux de; eaux qui; elles; encore; entre; est; et de; et il; et la; et les; et même; et par; et qui; et se; et un; fait; form; formation; formation de; forment; general; globe; grande; granite; haut de; ils; l'on; la base; la hauteur; la montagne; la même; la nature; la partie; la pierre; la terre; la vallée; land; les; les eaux; les rochers; leur; lieue de; long; m. de; mais; manner; masses; materials; means; moins; montagnes qui; mountains; n'est; nature; nom de; nord; nous; observation; operations; order; par; par des; par la; par un; partie de; parties; parts; pas; peu; peut; pied de; pierres; place; plants; plus; point; pour; present; presque; près; purpose; qu'elles; qu'il; qu'on; que; que par; quelques; qui; qui de; qui la; qui se; qui sont; regard; reste de; rhône; rivers; rocher de; rochers; rock; sans; sea; shape; situation; soil; sont; sont des; sont la; sous; state; strata; subject; sur la; surface de; system; theory; things; time; tous; trouve; très; un de; une; valleys; vallon; vallée de; vallées; view; village de; voit; water; world; été; être cache: 14179.txt plain text: 14179.txt item: #4 of 51 id: 14279 author: Nicholson, Henry Alleyne title: The Ancient Life History of the Earth A Comprehensive Outline of the Principles and Leading Facts of Palæontological Science date: None words: 138111 flesch: 65 summary: ACRODUS (Gr. _akros_, high; _odous_, tooth). CERATODUS (Gr. _keras_, a horn; _odous_, tooth). keywords: age; america; animals; beds; belong; birds; body; bones; britain; cambrian; carboniferous; cases; chalk; characteristic; class; coal; corals; cretaceous; day; deposits; devonian; earth; eocene; europe; evidence; existence; fact; family; feet; fig; fishes; foraminifera; formation; forms; fossils; genera; genus; geology; glacial; group; hand; illustration; jurassic; land; lat; laurentian; length; life; limestone; living; mammals; marine; middle; miocene; nature; new; north; number; order; origin; palæozoic; period; permian; place; plants; pliocene; point; portion; post; present; principal; red; remains; reptiles; rocks; sandstone; sea; section; series; shell; silurian; size; species; strata; structure; sub; succession; surface; tail; teeth; tertiary; thickness; time; tooth; trias; triassic; types; upper; water cache: 14279.txt plain text: 14279.txt item: #5 of 51 id: 1697 author: Kingsley, Charles title: Madam How and Lady Why; Or, First Lessons in Earth Lore for Children date: None words: 75035 flesch: 84 summary: You will be miserable if you do not learn to understand little things: because then you will not be able to understand great things when you meet them. But shall I be miserable if I do not find out such little things as this. keywords: ages; chalk; child; coral; course; day; earth; england; eyes; feet; find; god; good; great; guess; hills; home; ice; lady; land; lava; left; limestone; live; look; madam; man; men; mountain; people; place; rock; round; sand; saw; sea; steam; stone; things; time; use; want; water; way; work; world; years cache: 1697.txt plain text: 1697.txt item: #6 of 51 id: 18527 author: United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency title: An Assessment of the Consequences and Preparations for a Catastrophic California Earthquake: Findings and Actions Taken date: None words: 16426 flesch: 42 summary: 16| +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |ANNEX |(D)|(E)|(F)|(G)|(H)|(I)|(J)|(K)|(L)|(M)|(N)|(O)|(P)|(Q)|(R)|(S)| +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | FEDERAL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | AGENCIES | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOT - FAA | S | | | | | | | | S | | | | | | | S | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOT - FHWA | S | | | | S | | | | | | | | | | | S | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOT - FRA | S | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | S | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOT - RETCO-9 | P | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOT - UMTA | S | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | S | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOT - USCC | S | S | | S | | S | | | S | | | | | | | S | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOD - 6th USA | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | P | P | P | | S | S | S | S | P | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOD - COE | | S | P | S | P | P | | | | | | | | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |ICC | S | | | | | | | | | | | | S | S | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DA - USFS | | S | | P | S | | | | S | | | | | | S | S | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DA - FNS | | | | | | | | | | | | | P | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |DOC - MARAD | S | | | | | S | | S | | | | | | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |NCS | | P | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |AYRC | | | | | | | | S | | | | S | | | P | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |Volunteer | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Agencies | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | S | | | (Various) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |HEW | | | | | | | S | | | | | P | | | S | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |US ATTY | | | | | | | | | | S | | | | | | | +--------------+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ |GSA | S | S | | | | S | P | | | | | S | | P | | | keywords: ----------------+ |; -----------------+ |; california; checklist |; damage; disaster; earthquake; emergency; event; federal; government; management; p |; plan |; planning; preparedness; resources; s |; san; state; support; | +; | agencies; | d; | response; | sop; | |; | |-+; |-+ | cache: 18527.txt plain text: 18527.txt item: #7 of 51 id: 18556 author: Saderra Masó, Miguel title: Catalogue of Violent and Destructive Earthquakes in the Philippines With an Appendix: Earthquakes in the Marianas Islands 1599-1909 date: None words: 15216 flesch: 76 summary: | | | 84 |1872 I 26 19 30 | VII |Violent earthquake close to the coast of | | |Zambales, near the town of Agno. | | 127 |1882 XII 6 -- -- | VII |Very violent earthquake in the north of | | |Cebu Island and southern Masbate. keywords: ----+--------------------+-----+----------------------------------------- |; buildings |; earthquake |; region |; | ----+--------------------+-----+-----------------------------------------no; | epicenter; | ix; | vii; | |; | |aftershocks; | |and; | |church; | |from; | |intensity; | |many; | |mindanao; | |of; | |on; | |provinces; | |repetitions; | |the; | |which; | |whose cache: 18556.txt plain text: 18556.txt item: #8 of 51 id: 19302 author: Matthew, William Diller title: Dinosaurs, with Special Reference to the American Museum Collections date: None words: 30772 flesch: 66 summary: Dinosaur bones are found mostly in the great delta formations, and since those were accumulated chiefly in the early stages of great continental elevations, it follows that our acquaintance with Dinosaurs is mostly limited to those living at certain epochs during the Age of Reptiles. In traveling through the West, when once one has grasped the idea of continental oscillation, or submergence and emergence of the land, of the sequence of the marine and fresh-water deposits in laying down these pages of earth-history, he will know exactly where to look for this wonderful layer-bed of the giant dinosaurs; he will find that, owing to the uplift of various mountain-ranges, it outcrops along the entire eastern face of the Rockies, around the Black Hills, and in all parts of the Laramie Plains; it yields dinosaur bones everywhere, but by no means so profusely or so perfectly as in the two famous localities we are describing. keywords: age; allosaurus; american; animals; body; bones; brontosaurus; carnivorous; cretacic; dinosaurs; feet; fig; fossil; group; hind; illustration; land; life; limbs; museum; new; parts; period; professor; quarry; remains; reptiles; river; size; skeleton; tail; teeth; time; water cache: 19302.txt plain text: 19302.txt item: #9 of 51 id: 23626 author: Mastin, John title: The Chemistry, Properties and Tests of Precious Stones date: None words: 27531 flesch: 55 summary: CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I INTRODUCTORY 1 II THE ORIGIN OF PRECIOUS STONES 7 III PHYSICAL PROPERTIES--(A) CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE 13 IV (B) CLEAVAGE 19 V (C) LIGHT 26 VI (D) COLOUR 32 VII (E) HARDNESS 39 VIII (F) SPECIFIC GRAVITY 45 IX (G) HEAT 52 X (H) MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC INFLUENCES 57 XI THE CUTTING OF PRECIOUS STONES 62 XII IMITATIONS, AND SOME OF THE TESTS OF PRECIOUS STONES 70 XIII VARIOUS PRECIOUS STONES 80 XIV (_continued_) 88 XV 98 PREFACE Some little time ago certain London diamond merchants and wholesale dealers in precious stones made the suggestion to me to write a work on this section of mineralogy, as there did not appear to be any giving exactly the information most needed. Finding there was a call for such a book I have written the present volume in order to meet this want, and I trust that this handbook will prove useful, not only to the expert and to those requiring certain technical information, but also to the general public, whose interest in this entrancing subject may be simply that of pleasure in the purchase, possession, or collection of precious stones, or even in the mere examination of them through the plate-glass of a jeweller's window. keywords: blue; chapter; cleavage; colour; crystals; cut; diamond; eye; form; gravity; hardness; heat; light; lustre; portion; properties; red; stones; substance; topaz; value; variety; water cache: 23626.txt plain text: 23626.txt item: #10 of 51 id: 28273 author: Miller, Hugh title: The Cruise of the Betsey or, A Summer Ramble Among the Fossiliferous Deposits of the Hebrides. With Rambles of a Geologist or, Ten Thousand Miles Over the Fossiliferous Deposits of Scotland date: None words: 171721 flesch: 52 summary: It dates one year earlier (1846) than the tour with which I have already occupied so many chapters; but I have thus inverted the order of _time_, by placing it last, that I may be able so to preserve the order of _space_ as to render the tract travelled over in my narrative continuous from Edinburgh to the northern extremity of Pomona. The idea imparted of _old_ Scotland to the geologist here,--of Scotland, proudly, aristocratically, supereminently old,--for it can call Mont Blanc a mere upstart, and Dhawalageri, with its twenty-eight thousand feet of elevation, a heady fellow of yesterday,--is not that of a land settling down by the head, like a foundering vessel, but of a land whose hills and islands, like its great aristocratic families, have arisen from the level in very various ages, and under the operation of circumstances essentially diverse. keywords: animal; appearance; bare; base; bay; beach; bed; beds; betsey; black; boulder; broken; chapter; character; church; clay; coast; common; conglomerate; country; course; cromarty; dark; day; deep; deposit; district; eigg; entire; ere; evening; feet; fish; flat; form; formation; fossils; fragments; free; friend; general; gray; green; ground; half; hand; head; height; high; hill; history; house; human; island; length; level; lie; light; like; line; little; man; mass; masses; middle; miles; minister; minute; morning; neighborhood; new; northern; occur; open; opening; orkney; people; period; piece; place; plates; point; poor; portion; present; rain; red; remains; rock; sandstone; saw; scales; scarce; scotland; scuir; sea; set; shells; shore; sides; sir; size; species; specimens; state; stones; story; strata; stream; sun; surface; thick; tide; time; upper; valley; village; wall; water; way; white; work; yards; years cache: 28273.txt plain text: 28273.txt item: #11 of 51 id: 2923 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Method by Which the Causes of the Present and Past Conditions of Organic Nature Are to Be Discovered; the Origination of Living Beings Lecture III. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 8412 flesch: 56 summary: He sees an enormous mass of facts and laws relating to organic beings, which stand on the same good sound foundation as every other natural law; and therefore, with this mass of facts and laws before us, therefore, seeing that, as far as organic matters have hitherto been accessible and studied, they have shown themselves capable of yielding to scientific investigation, we may accept this as proof that order and law reign there as well as in the rest of nature; and the man of science says nothing to objectors of this sort, but supposes that we can and shall walk to a knowledge of the origin of organic nature, in the same way that we have walked to a knowledge of the laws and principles of the inorganic world. There are many men who, though knowing absolutely nothing of the subject with which they may be dealing, wish, nevertheless, to damage the author of some view with which they think fit to disagree. keywords: air; hypothesis; kind; life; man; nature; phenomena; way cache: 2923.txt plain text: 2923.txt item: #12 of 51 id: 2936 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Geological Contemporaneity and Persistent Types of Life date: None words: 7428 flesch: 40 summary: Lastly, the Reptilia present the extraordinary and exceptional phenomenon of as many extinct as existing orders, if not more; the four mentioned maintaining their existence from the Lias to the Chalk inclusive. No fossil animal is so distinct from those now living as to require to be arranged even in a separate class from those which contain existing forms. keywords: embryonic; evidence; existing; forms; living; order; paleontology; rocks; species; time cache: 2936.txt plain text: 2936.txt item: #13 of 51 id: 30297 author: Clemens, William Alvin title: Records of the Fossil Mammal Sinclairella, Family Apatemyidae, From the Chadronian and Orellan date: None words: 2595 flesch: 68 summary: Two fossils of Orellan age, found in northeastern Colorado and described here, demonstrate that the geochronological range of the Apatemyidae extends into the Middle Oligocene. Comments With the discovery of Orellan apatemyids the geochronological range of the family in North America is shown to extend from the Torrejonian through the Orellan land-mammal ages. keywords: = =; sinclairella; | | cache: 30297.txt plain text: 30297.txt item: #14 of 51 id: 30737 author: Miller, Hugh title: My Schools and Schoolmasters; Or, The Story of My Education date: None words: 204956 flesch: 54 summary: We speak of the _cunning_ workman, and we speak of the _cunning_ man; and refer to a certain faculty of contrivance manifested in dealing with characters and affairs on the part of the one, and in dealing with certain modifications of matter on the part of the other; but so entirely different are the two faculties, and, further, so little dependent are they, in at least their first elements, on intellect, that we may find the cunning which manifests itself in affairs, existing, as in Angus, totally dissociated from mechanical skill; and, on the other hand, the cunning of the artisan, existing, as in the idiot of the Maolbuie, totally dissociated from that of the diplomatist. They were usually of small size--for the stream itself was small; and, though little countries sometimes produce great men, little streams rarely produce great fish. keywords: acquaintance; age; bank; book; boy; brother; case; cave; chapter; character; church; circumstances; class; coast; come; consequence; country; course; cousin; cromarty; dark; day; days; deal; death; deep; district; door; edinburgh; effect; employment; english; ere; evening; eye; father; feet; fire; firth; fish; form; friend; gaelic; general; god; good; great; green; half; hand; head; heart; highland; hill; hold; home; hour; house; interest; john; kind; late; lay; length; life; light; line; little; long; man; mason; master; men; middle; miles; mind; minister; morning; mother; nature; neighbourhood; north; occasion; old; open; parish; party; people; period; piece; place; poet; point; poor; present; quiet; red; rock; rose; round; save; saw; scene; school; scotland; sea; second; sense; set; shore; sir; sort; state; stone; story; subject; sun; thought; thy; time; town; uncle; water; way; wild; william; woods; work; working; workmen; world; years; young cache: 30737.txt plain text: 30737.txt item: #15 of 51 id: 31627 author: Hull, Edward title: Volcanoes: Past and Present date: None words: 69781 flesch: 63 summary: Its southern section, that of Mont Dore, the Cantal, and the Haute Loire, is characterised by magnificent valleys, traversing plateaux of volcanic lava, and exhibiting the results of river erosion on a grand scale; while its northern section, that of the Puy de Dôme, presents to us a varied succession of volcanic crater-cones and domes, with their extruded lava-streams, almost as fresh and unchanged in form as if they had only yesterday become extinct. The extensive horizontal sheets of lava are suggestive of fissure-eruption rather than of eruption through volcanic craters; and although these may have once been in existence, denudation has left no vestiges of them at the present day. keywords: action; ashes; basalt; basaltic; beds; british; case; central; coast; cones; crater; crust; earth; earthquake; eruption; extinct; feet; fig; forces; form; general; great; group; height; illustration; islands; lake; lava; matter; miles; molten; moon; mountain; north; ocean; origin; period; phenomena; plateau; present; professor; region; rocks; sea; sheets; south; strata; streams; structure; surface; tertiary; time; vents; vesuvius; view; volcanic; volcanoes; von; water; western cache: 31627.txt plain text: 31627.txt item: #16 of 51 id: 31827 author: Rodwell, G. F. (George Farrer) title: Etna: A History of the Mountain and of its Eruptions date: None words: 33844 flesch: 68 summary: Professor Jukes says, If we were to put Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales, on the top of Ben Nevis, the highest in Scotland, and Carrantuohill, the highest in Ireland, on the summit of both, we should make a mountain but a very little higher than Etna, and we should require to heap up a great number of other mountains round the flanks of our new one in order to build a gentle sloping pile which should equal Etna in bulk. The story of He who to be deemed A god, leaped fondly into Etna flames, Empedokles is too trite to need repetition. keywords: aci; ascent; ashes; b.c; base; bove; bronte; catania; city; cone; course; crater; del; east; eruption; etna; feet; fire; following; height; hot; inhabitants; iron; lava; map; miles; monte; mountain; nicolosi; north; present; rocks; scoriæ; sea; second; sicily; smoke; south; stream; summit; time; town; val; west; years cache: 31827.txt plain text: 31827.txt item: #17 of 51 id: 31899 author: Lane, Franklin K. title: Conservation Through Engineering Extract from the Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior date: None words: 17578 flesch: 63 summary: More coal produced would not sell more coal, but more coal demanded would result in greater coal production. Coal is coal in the sense of the classic traffic classification. keywords: american; cent; coal; cost; country; day; development; government; land; mines; national; oil; petroleum; power; public; reclamation; states; supply; use; work; world; year cache: 31899.txt plain text: 31899.txt item: #18 of 51 id: 32598 author: Rogers, Julia Ellen title: Earth and Sky Every Child Should Know Easy studies of the earth and the stars for any time and place date: None words: 56793 flesch: 82 summary: Rocks that are made out of fragments of other rocks torn down by the agencies of erosion are called _fragmental_. Put a piece of this so-called sea moss in a glass of sea water, and in a few moments of quiet you will see, by the use of a magnifying glass, the spreading arms of the polyp thrust out of each pit. keywords: air; animals; beds; clay; coal; constellations; crust; day; earth; feet; find; forms; granite; ground; heat; ice; iron; land; layers; level; life; like; lime; limestone; little; new; north; particles; people; plants; river; rocks; sand; sea; shells; sky; soil; stars; stone; stream; substance; surface; things; time; water; way; wind; work; years; | | cache: 32598.txt plain text: 32598.txt item: #19 of 51 id: 33050 author: Harvey, Ruth Sawyer title: Drainage Modifications and Glaciation in the Danbury Region Connecticut State of Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin No. 30 date: None words: 17826 flesch: 68 summary: ----------- To Face Page PLATE I View south on the Highland northeast of Neversink Pond 14 II A. View up the valley of Umpog Creek 40 B. View down the valley of Umpog Creek 40 III Limestone plain southwest of Danbury, in which are situated Lake Kanosha and the Danbury Fair Grounds 44 IV A. View down the Housatonic Valley from a point one-half mile below Stillriver Station 52 B. Part of the morainal ridge north of Danbury 52 V A. Kames in Still River valley west of Brookfield Junction 54 Geological map of Still River valley 17 3. keywords: connecticut; course; danbury; deposits; divide; drainage; drift; feet; fig; housatonic; limestone; north; present; river valley; rock; south; stream; swamp; umpog cache: 33050.txt plain text: 33050.txt item: #20 of 51 id: 33560 author: Echols, Joan title: A New Genus of Pennsylvanian Fish (Crossopterygii, Coelacanthiformes) from Kansas date: None words: 7762 flesch: 60 summary: Restoration of the basisphenoid, based on K. U. no. 9939, × 5. Restoration of the palatoquadrate complex, based on K. U. no. 9939, × 5. keywords: fig; hibbard; margin; posterior; processes; rhabdoderma; specimens; surface; synaptotylus; ventral cache: 33560.txt plain text: 33560.txt item: #21 of 51 id: 33925 author: Hughes, J. Cecil (John Cecil) title: The Geological Story of the Isle of Wight date: None words: 37676 flesch: 77 summary: They are full of fossils, all marine, sea shells and corals. In the south-east of England the coast line fluctuated; and sea shells, and the remains of the plant and animal life of the neighbourhood of a great tropical river alternate in the deposits. keywords: bay; beds; chalk; chalk strata; clay; cliff; day; downs; earth; feet; flint; form; fossils; gravel; greensand; island; isle; land; limestone; lower; north; period; remains; river; rocks; sandown; sea; shells; shore; south; strata; surface; time; upper; water; wealden; wight cache: 33925.txt plain text: 33925.txt item: #22 of 51 id: 34056 author: Warren, John Collins title: Remarks on some fossil impressions in the sandstone rocks of Connecticut River date: None words: 9830 flesch: 65 summary: One of the specimens has the Triænopus tracks intermixed in a peculiar way with other impressions. [Illustration: Fossil foot impression] In this description we have not attempted to point out all the objects worthy of interest on both sides of this curious slab. keywords: bird; feet; foot; group; impressions; inches; number; sandstone; slab; surface; toes; tracks cache: 34056.txt plain text: 34056.txt item: #23 of 51 id: 34192 author: Tyndall, John title: The Glaciers of the Alps Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are related date: None words: 146689 flesch: 66 summary: 299 Character of Rendu; his Essay entitled 'Théorie des Glaciers de la Savoie;' extracts from the essay; he ascribes circulation to natural forces; classifies glaciers; assigns the cause of the conversion of snow into ice; notices Veined Structure; time and affinity; notices Regelation; diminution of _glaciers réservoirs_; Remarkable Passage; announces Swifter Motion of Centre; North British Review; Discrepancies explained by Rendu; Liquid Motion ascribed to glacier; all the phenomena of a River reproduced upon the Mer de Glace; Ratio of Side and Central velocities; Errors removed 15. 308 Anticipations of Rendu confirmed by Agassiz and Forbes; analogies with Liquid Motion established by Forbes; his Measurements in 1842; measurements in 1844 and 1846; Measurements of Agassiz and Wild in 1842, 1843, 1844, and 1845; Numerous other illustrations of the law might, I doubt not, be discovered, and it would be a pleasant and useful occupation to one who takes an interest in the subject, to determine, by strict measurements upon other glaciers, the locus of the point of maximum motion, and to observe the associated mechanical effects. keywords: action; air; bands; base; blue; case; centre; cleavage; clouds; colour; crevasses; day; deep; direction; dirt; distance; effect; end; eye; fact; fall; feet; fig; forbes; force; form; glacier; glacier ice; guide; géant; half; heat; ice; left; length; light; line; liquid; mass; mer; montanvert; moraines; motion; mountain; particles; place; point; portion; position; pressure; professor; rays; rocks; second; sidenote; sides; slope; snow; sound; stake; structure; summit; sun; surface; theory; time; valley; view; water; way; white; work cache: 34192.txt plain text: 34192.txt item: #24 of 51 id: 34350 author: Lyell, Charles, Sir title: A Manual of Elementary Geology or, The Ancient Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants as Illustrated by Geological Monuments date: None words: 248802 flesch: 66 summary: Upper side; _b._ lower, or umbilical side; _c._ view showing mouth which is less pentagonal in older individuals; _d._ view of polished section, showing internal chambers.] The other group, or _hornblende_, consists principally of two varieties; first, hornblende, and, secondly, augite, which were once regarded as very distinct, although now some eminent mineralogists are in doubt whether they are not one and the same mineral, differing only as one crystalline form of native sulphur differs from another. keywords: action; alps; area; base; beds; bones; calcareous; carboniferous; chalk; chapter; character; clay; cliffs; coal; coast; composition; corals; country; crag; cretaceous; crystalline; denudation; deposits; distinct; earth; england; eocene; europe; example; feet; felspar; fig; fish; formations; forms; fossil; fossiliferous; fragments; france; freshwater; genera; genus; geol; gneiss; granite; group; having; height; hills; horizontal; hornblende; illustration; land; lava; layers; length; level; lias; limestone; living; manner; marine; marl; mass; masses; materials; matter; metamorphic; mica; miles; mineral; mountain; mud; near; new; north; number; occur; oolite; organic; origin; page; parts; pebbles; period; place; plants; pliocene; plutonic; point; position; present; quartz; red; region; remains; river; rocks; sand; sandstone; schist; sea; section; series; shale; shells; silurian; size; small; south; species; state; strata; structure; surface; term; tertiary; thickness; time; trap; trees; upper; valley; veins; vertical; view; volcanic; water; white cache: 34350.txt plain text: 34350.txt item: #25 of 51 id: 34502 author: Bonney, T. G. (Thomas George) title: Charles Lyell and Modern Geology date: None words: 63993 flesch: 60 summary: Sir Charles Lyell, 204 Denmark and Southern Norway, Researches in, 122 Deputy-Lieutenant of Forfar, Appointment as, 58 Deshayes, the eminent conchologist, 42 Diluvialists and Fluvialists, The, 43 Doctor of Laws degree conferred on him, 202 Eifel, Visit to the volcanic district of, 62 Elements of Geology published, 125 Engis skull, The, 102 Entomology, Early studies in, 15 Etna explored, 181 Family, The Lyell, 10 Father, His, 9 Fluvialists and Diluvialists, The, 43 Forest Bed, The, 196 Frascatoro, his views on geology, 83 Generelli's theories, 87 Geological Society, Elected a Fellow of the, 27 ----, His first papers to the, 28 ----, Elected secretary of the, 28 ----, Elected President of the, 111 Geology, First studies in, 19 ----, Continental researches, 21 Glaciers of the Alps, His theory of the, 177 Grand Canary, Voyage to, 174 Great Dismal Swamp, The, explored, 141 Horner, Miss, Marriage with, 69 Humboldt, Meeting with, in Paris, 28 Huttonian Theory, The, 91 Infancy, 10 Inscription on Lyell's tombstone, 205 Ireland, Visit to, 152 Kessingland Cliffs and the Forest Bed, 196 King's College, Lectures at, 68 Knighted, 170 Law, The, Studies for, 27 Lectures at King's College, 68 ---- at the Royal Institution, 71 Leonardo da Vinci, his conclusions on geology, 83 Letter to Herschel on the Origin of Species, 118 Lyell family, The, 10 ----, Lady, Death of, 200 ----, Sir Charles, Death of, 204 Lyellia, The moss named, 9 Madeira, Voyage to, 173 Marriage to Miss Horner, His, 69 Medal of the Royal Society presented to him, 111 Member of the Institute of France, Elected, 190 Midhurst, School Days at, 16 Moel Tryfaen, Crags of, 61 Montreal and Quebec, Journey to, 146 Moro's views, 87 Moss called Lyellia, 9 Mother, His, 10 Naples, Visit to, 38 Narrow escape when a child, 11 New Orleans, Journey to, 161 Niagara Falls, His impressions of, 134 Normandy and Brittany, Researches in, 50 North America, Travels in, 130 Omar the Learned, his Retreat of the Sea, 82 Order of Scientific Merit bestowed by the King of Prussia, 190 Origin of Species, Letter to Herschel on the, 118 Oxford, Undergraduate days at, 19 Palma, Investigations at, 174 Personal characteristics of Lyell, 206 Plastic Force dogma, The, 84 Political views, His, 210 President of the Geological Society, Is elected, 111 Principles of Geology, first volume published, 57 ----, second volume published, 68 ----, third volume published, 72 ----, its history and various editions, 73 Professor of Geology at King's College, 58 Pyrenees, Visit to the, 52 Quebec and Montreal visited, 146 Religious Questions, His views on, 212 Ringwood, School days at, 12 Royal Institution, Lectures at, 71 Royal Society, Is elected a Fellow of the, 30 (note) =The Herschels and Modern Astronomy.= By AGNES M. CLERKE, Author of A Popular History of Astronomy during the 19th Century, &c. =Charles Lyell and Modern Geology.= By Rev. Professor T. G. BONNEY, F.R.S. =Clerk Maxwell and Modern Physics.= By R. T. GLAZEBROOK, F.R.S., Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. keywords: age; beginning; book; british; changes; charles; country; course; days; deposits; earth; edition; end; england; evidence; feet; fossils; general; geological; geologists; geology; good; history; ice; journals; journey; lake; letters; life; london; lyell; man; men; mind; nature; near; new; north; number; order; origin; place; present; principles; professor; question; river; rocks; science; sea; second; shells; sir; society; species; time; visit; vol; volume; water; way; work; years cache: 34502.txt plain text: 34502.txt item: #26 of 51 id: 35316 author: Seeley, H. G. (Harry Govier) title: Dragons of the Air: An Account of Extinct Flying Reptiles date: None words: 58804 flesch: 60 summary: Showing also the articulation for the coracoid bone] A few Pterodactyles' bones have been discovered in the Neocomian sands of England and Germany, and other larger bones occur in the Gault of Folkestone and the north of France; but never in such association as to throw light on the aspect of the skeleton. Von Meyer remarks that the carpus is made up of two rows of small bones in the Solenhofen Pterodactyles; while in birds there is one row consisting of two bones. keywords: air; animals; arm; articulation; birds; body; bones; brain; characters; dimorphodon; dinosaurs; fig; finger; flying; fore; form; head; illustration; inches; jaw; length; limb; mammals; neck bones; ornithocheirus; pterodactyles; reptiles; rhamphorhynchus; skeleton; skull; structure; tail; teeth; vertebræ; wing; wing bones cache: 35316.txt plain text: 35316.txt item: #27 of 51 id: 35317 author: Geikie, James title: Geology date: None words: 30906 flesch: 67 summary: When we reflect upon the fact that all the inclined strata which crop out at the surface of the ground are but the truncated portions of beds that were once continuous, and formed complete anticlinal arches or curves, we must be impressed with the degree of _denudation_, or wearing-away, which the solid strata have experienced. What is the difference between _lamination_ and _bedding_? keywords: action; bedding; beds; crystalline; earth; feet; fig; form; ice; igneous; land; lava; limestone; masses; matter; mineral; origin; rocks; sandstone; sea; strata; surface; time; water cache: 35317.txt plain text: 35317.txt item: #28 of 51 id: 35433 author: Hamilton, William, Sir title: Observations on Mount Vesuvius, Mount Etna, and Other Volcanos date: None words: 31250 flesch: 63 summary: The operations of Nature are slow: great eruptions do not frequently happen; each flatters himself it will not happen in his time, or, if it should, that his tutelar saint will turn away the destructive lava from his grounds; and indeed the great fertility in the neighbourhoods of Volcanos tempts people to inhabit them. In great eruptions of Etna, the same sort of lightning, as described in my account of the last eruption of Vesuvius, has been frequently seen to issue from the smoak of its great crater. keywords: account; ashes; cone; crater; eruption; etna; explosion; feet; fire; great; height; hot; island; lake; lava; letter; matter; miles; mount vesuvius; mountain; mouth; naples; nature; neighbourhood; night; observations; parts; plain; pumice; sea; smoak; soil; spot; stones; time; vesuvius; volcano; water; year cache: 35433.txt plain text: 35433.txt item: #29 of 51 id: 38013 author: Lucas, Frederic A. (Frederic Augustus) title: Animals of the Past date: None words: 48067 flesch: 56 summary: Were we to judge of the former abundance of birds by the number we find in a fossil state, we should conclude that in the early days of the world they were remarkably scarce, for bird bones are among the rarest of fossils. Extinction sometimes evolution, 221; over-specialization as a cause for extinction, 222; extinction sometimes unaccountable, 223; man's capability for harm small in the past, 224; old theories of great convulsions, 226; changes in nature slow, 227; the case of Lingula, 228; local extermination, 229; the Moas and the Great Auk, 232; the case of large animals, 233; inter-dependence of living beings, 234; coyotes and fruit, 236; Shaler on the Miocene flora of Europe, 236; man's desire for knowledge, 238. INDEX, 243 NOTE ON THE ILLUSTRATIONS The original drawings, made especially for this book, are by Charles R. Knight and James M. Gleeson, under the direction of Mr. Knight. keywords: animals; birds; bones; case; creatures; day; dinosaurs; feet; fig; fish; fossil; great; horse; illustration; inches; length; life; little; living; mammoth; man; mastodon; museum; nature; new; place; remains; reptiles; sea; size; skeleton; species; specimen; states; stone; teeth; time; tracks; tusks; united; water; way; years cache: 38013.txt plain text: 38013.txt item: #30 of 51 id: 38148 author: Salisbury, Rollin D. title: The Geography of the Region about Devil's Lake and the Dalles of the Wisconsin With Some Notes on Its Surface Geology date: None words: 49970 flesch: 69 summary: But a large area in the southwestern part of the state is essentially free from drift, though it is crossed by two belts of valley drift (valley trains) along the Wisconsin and Mississippi rivers. The North American ice sheet._--In an area north of the eastern part of the United States and in another west of Hudson Bay it is believed that ice sheets similar to that which now covers Greenland began to accumulate at the beginning of the glacial period. keywords: area; baraboo; beds; devil; drift; edge; erosion; fig; ice; ice sheet; illustration; lake; level; moraine; plate; quartzite; region; ridge; rock; sandstone; stream; surface; time; topography; valley; water; wisconsin cache: 38148.txt plain text: 38148.txt item: #31 of 51 id: 40404 author: Norton, William Harmon title: The Elements of Geology date: None words: 125235 flesch: 67 summary: Certainly in its treatment of the land it has not been surpassed unless, perhaps, by the author's larger work [Physical Geography]. ================================================================= GINN & COMPANY Publishers ================================================================= GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES IN AMERICAN HISTORY By ALBERT PERRY BRIGHAM Professor of Geology in Colgate University. ================================================================= GINN & COMPANY PUBLISHERS ================================================================= The best example in this country of the kind of books that geography keywords: = =; air; america; animals; area; beds; beneath; cambrian; changes; coal; coast; crust; cut; deep; deposits; depth; drift; earth; eastern; erosion; feet; fig; floor; forms; fragments; geological; glacial; glacier; great; ground; ground water; history; ice; illustration; lake; land; land surface; lava; layers; left; level; life; limestone; line; miles; mountains; new; north; period; plains; plants; present; pressure; rate; region; remains; river; rocks; sand; sandstones; sea; sea level; sea water; section; sediments; sheets; shore; sides; south; species; strata; streams; surface; tertiary; thickness; time; upper; valley; volcanic; waste; water; water surface; waves; way; western; work cache: 40404.txt plain text: 40404.txt item: #32 of 51 id: 41840 author: Loomis, Justin R. (Justin Rudolph) title: The Elements of Geology; Adapted to the Use of Schools and Colleges date: None words: 47613 flesch: 66 summary: The first are called _epigene_, or _volcanic rocks_; the last, _hypogene_, or _plutonic rocks_. The changes have at least been sufficient to justify their being characterized as _metamorphic rocks_. keywords: action; causes; changes; coal; earth; elevation; feet; fig; form; formation; fossils; granite; illustration; lava; limestone; mass; new; period; rocks; sandstone; sea; section; sediment; species; state; strata; surface; system; temperature; time; volcanic; water cache: 41840.txt plain text: 41840.txt item: #33 of 51 id: 42043 author: Price, George McCready title: Illogical Geology, the Weakest Point in the Evolution Theory date: None words: 42475 flesch: 55 summary: But I would have the reader remember that these Devonian and other rocks are absolutely world-wide in extent. But to incrase this antiquity by saying But to increase this antiquity by saying Lions and monkys, hippopotami and crocodiles, Lions and monkeys, hippopotami and crocodiles, and rhinoceroces, now live beneath the palms, and rhinoceroses, now live beneath the palms, scientists who can elaborate geneological trees of descent scientists who can elaborate genealogical trees of descent have taken for these excedingly numerous have taken for these exceedingly numerous the Pleistocene Mammals and the middle Tertiary flora the Pleistocene mammals and the middle Tertiary flora literature is fairly innundated with new names; literature is fairly inundated with new names; a noted paiaeontologist for finding a pupa a noted palaeontologist for finding a pupa the theories of the igenous origin of the crystalline rocks the theories of the igneous origin of the crystalline rocks went to school toegther, served in the same wars, went to school together, served in the same wars, =or are now to be found iiving in our modern world= =or are now to be found living in our modern world= e.g. gratolites and numulites e.g. gratolites and nummulites these Davonian and other rocks are absolutely these Devonian and other rocks are absolutely it cannot save the Alps, Juras and Appenines it cannot save the Alps, Juras and Appennines without leaving abundant and indellible marks without leaving abundant and indelible marks which it can no more see again than a can can recall which it can no more see again than a man can recall and yet refuse the =evidently complemntary= dposits and yet refuse the =evidently complementary= deposits pages of the ordinary text-boks. keywords: age; animals; beds; climate; conditions; dana; deposits; evidence; fact; forms; fossils; geology; globe; history; idea; life; living; man; modern; order; period; pleistocene; present; remains; rocks; science; species; succession; tertiary; theory; time; way; world; years cache: 42043.txt plain text: 42043.txt item: #34 of 51 id: 42356 author: Wiltshire, Thomas title: On the Red Chalk of England date: None words: 6655 flesch: 78 summary: Next comes a bed of about seven feet thick, of darkish White Chalk; and finally, another bed of about twelve feet thick, of bright Red Chalk, containing belemnites and terebratulæ. The Museum of the Geological Society of London possesses specimens taken from that part, and in a note attached to them there is this remark, that first came White Chalk, then Red Chalk, then a blue clay; thus it is evident there is the same state of things prevailing as we had at Speeton; and the same observation will apply to the appearance of the specimens themselves. keywords: chalk; collection; fig; hunstanton; page; red; rose; speeton cache: 42356.txt plain text: 42356.txt item: #35 of 51 id: 42584 author: Hutchinson, H. N. (Henry Neville) title: Extinct Monsters A Popular Account of Some of the Larger Forms of Ancient Animal Life date: None words: 86139 flesch: 67 summary: Many of the stories told in early days, of Giants and Dragons, may have originated in the discovery of the limb-bones of the Mammoth, the Rhinoceros, or other large animals, in caves, associated with heaps of broken fragments, in which latter the ignorant peasant saw in fancy the remains of the victims devoured at the monster's repasts. It will be our object to describe to the reader some of the wonderful results that have rewarded the lifelong labours of such great men. keywords: america; ancient; animals; birds; body; bones; case; collection; creature; cuvier; day; dinosaurs; discovery; earth; feet; fig; find; fish; fishes; forms; fossil; great; head; history; illustration; land; length; life; limbs; little; living; lizard; mammoth; mantell; marsh; museum; nature; near; neck; new; owen; parts; period; plate; present; professor; remains; reptiles; rocks; sea; series; sir; size; skeleton; skull; south; species; specimen; strange; strata; tail; teeth; time; vertebræ; water; way; work; world; years cache: 42584.txt plain text: 42584.txt item: #36 of 51 id: 42741 author: Dawson, John William, Sir title: The Story of the Earth and Man date: None words: 105364 flesch: 60 summary: These, at least in the west of Europe, were the Palaeolithic men, the makers of the oldest flint implements; and armed with these, they had to assert the mastery of man over broader lands then we now possess, and over many species of great animals now extinct. This fact leads us naturally to consider in the second place the mammalia, and other land animals of the Tertiary. keywords: 8vo; age; ages; america; animals; beds; carboniferous; case; changes; clay; cloth; coal; conditions; continents; creation; creatures; crust; deposits; devonian; earth; europe; evolution; existence; fact; feet; fishes; forms; glacial; god; great; group; history; land; laurentian; life; like; limestone; living; man; matter; mesozoic; modern; nature; new; north; origin; palæozoic; parts; period; permian; place; plants; pliocene; post; present; primordial; remains; reptiles; rocks; sea; series; shells; silurian; size; species; state; structure; tertiary; things; time; trees; type; upper; water; world cache: 42741.txt plain text: 42741.txt item: #37 of 51 id: 43232 author: Ridgway, John L. title: The Preparation of Illustrations for Reports of the United States Geological Survey With Brief Descriptions of Processes of Reproduction date: None words: 40760 flesch: 68 summary: As photolithography is a direct process and is relatively cheap it is the one most used for reproducing large maps and other line drawings that have been carefully prepared. All these maps can be used as bases for detailed geologic maps, for compiling maps on smaller scales, and for revising other maps. keywords: areas; author; base; black; blue; color; details; drawing; engraving; features; figure; greek; half; illustrations; ink; lettering; light; lines; maps; names; original; paper; parts; pen; photographs; plate; preparation; printing; process; processes; reproduction; scale; showing; size; stone; survey; symbols; use; water; work cache: 43232.txt plain text: 43232.txt item: #38 of 51 id: 43320 author: Houston, Edwin J. (Edwin James) title: The Wonder Book of Volcanoes and Earthquakes date: None words: 99886 flesch: 67 summary: But we can better understand the nature of earthquake sounds from an actual description of them in a number of great earthquakes, and by inquiring at the same time into any of the peculiar facts connected. These waves are, perhaps, among the most destructive phenomena of great earthquakes. keywords: active; air; america; ashes; case; city; coast; country; crater; crust; deep; distance; earth; earthquake; eruption; fact; feet; fig; fissures; following; form; great; ground; height; illustration; island; krakatoa; lake; lava; level; mass; miles; moon; mountain; mud; neighborhood; north; number; ocean; parts; people; place; point; region; rock; sea; shocks; sides; south; steam; summit; surface; temperature; time; volcanic; volcanoes; water; waves; world cache: 43320.txt plain text: 43320.txt item: #39 of 51 id: 43597 author: Hughes, Thomas McKenny title: Notes on the Fenland; with A Description of the Shippea Man date: None words: 11344 flesch: 70 summary: Elephas primigenius_, the absence of those shells from the deposits in which _Rh. merckii_ and _E. antiquus_ are the representative forms, and their existence now only in more southern latitudes, as France, Sicily or the Nile, but not in our Turbiferous Series, lay before us a series of apparent inconsistencies not easy of explanation. MAN. I saw the remains of _Rhinoceros tichorhinus_ in the gravel beds belonging to the older or Areniferous Series at Little Downham, and from the base of the gravel in the Whittlesea brickpit I obtained a fine lower molar of _Elephas antiquus_. keywords: areniferous; beds; bones; clay; fen; fen beds; fens; fig; gravel; peat; river; sea; series; surface; turbiferous; water; | +; | | cache: 43597.txt plain text: 43597.txt item: #40 of 51 id: 43963 author: Marr, J. E. (John Edward) title: The Principles of Stratigraphical Geology date: None words: 83968 flesch: 55 summary: Arenaceous_ rocks, composed essentially of grains of sand. In this case the water-worn nature of the remains is a good index to their origin, but in other cases, it is by no means an infallible guide, for we sometimes find on the one hand that remains of organisms proper to the deposits in which they occur are water-worn, whilst on the other the relics of _remanié_ fossils are not. keywords: account; age; area; beds; britain; british; carboniferous; case; changes; chapter; characters; classification; conditions; deposition; deposits; earth; evidence; existence; fauna; footnote; formation; forms; fossils; general; geological; geology; glacial; land; limestone; marine; nature; north; order; ordovician; organisms; parts; period; physical; planes; precambrian rocks; present; regions; remains; result; rocks; sea; sediments; series; silurian; south; strata; study; system; times; upper; vol; water cache: 43963.txt plain text: 43963.txt item: #41 of 51 id: 44530 author: Leask, W. Keith (William Keith) title: Hugh Miller date: None words: 39682 flesch: 62 summary: The novel of Scott is about as gross a caricature as 'Carrion' Heath's _Life_ of Oliver Cromwell, and for the historical restoration of the great Reformer, M'Crie has done in his book what Carlyle, in his _Letters of Cromwell_, has for ever effected for the true presentation of the Protector. Of this type some little knowledge had been made known by Lord Jeffrey in his review of Cromek's _Reliques_, where such men as the father of Burns and those of his immediate circle were first introduced to their proper place as those 'from whom old Scotia's grandeur springs.' keywords: act; book; burns; carlyle; case; church; class; country; creation; cromarty; day; days; earth; edinburgh; english; fact; father; friend; geological; geology; god; hand; history; house; hugh; king; knowledge; life; like; lord; man; men; miller; nature; new; paper; party; people; period; place; power; professor; red; robertson; science; scotland; scott; set; sir; time; way; witness; work; writer; years cache: 44530.txt plain text: 44530.txt item: #42 of 51 id: 46658 author: Serao, Matilde title: "Sterminator Vesevo" (Vesuvius the great exterminator) Diary of the Eruption of April 1906 date: None words: 21877 flesch: 78 summary: They are poor, exiled people, escaping for life, and notwithstanding all help, notwithstanding the great impulse of charity, they are too many, they are all a population of poor people, of starving people of naked people, and more must be done for them. On this road that goes to Somma, other people have passed an hour ago, and we also want to go over it all, even through ashes and lapillus, over the stones, just as we can, by carriage, on foot, any-way. keywords: ashes; children; country; day; dead; death; heart; houses; lava; life; little; man; men; naples; night; ottaiano; people; poor; stones; women; work cache: 46658.txt plain text: 46658.txt item: #43 of 51 id: 47119 author: Geikie, James title: Fragments of Earth Lore: Sketches & Addresses Geological and Geographical date: None words: 153156 flesch: 59 summary: It might, therefore, be held that the early Baltic glacier was separated by no long interval of time from the succeeding great _mer de glace_, but may have been merely a stage in the development of the latter. The ice coming from the Welsh mountains would naturally be deflected towards south-east by the _mer de glace_ that streamed in that direction, and might quite well have carried its characteristic boulders as far as Birmingham before the general _mer de glace_ had attained its greatest dimensions. keywords: accumulations; action; areas; atlantic; beds; boulder; case; central; clay; climate; coast; conditions; continental; country; deposits; depression; direction; earth; east; elevation; epoch; erosion; erratics; europe; evidence; fact; features; feet; find; form; general; geographical; glacial; glaciation; glaciers; great; grounds; hills; ice; ice age; islands; land; level; line; masses; moraines; mountains; north; north america; north sea; northern; origin; palæozoic; period; phenomena; place; plateau; pleistocene; present; red; regions; rocks; scotland; sea; sheet; snow; south; southern; strata; surface; time; upper; valleys; water; west cache: 47119.txt plain text: 47119.txt item: #44 of 51 id: 47147 author: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Mineralogy title: An Introduction to the Study of Meteorites With a List of the Meteorites Represented in the Collection date: None words: 52811 flesch: 83 summary: | May 17, 1879 | 54 | | | | | | | |478 | 3h |NAGAYA, Entre Rios, Argentine | July 1, 1879 | 31 | | | |Republic. | Weight | | | keywords: de |; f. |; feet |; für |; la |; miles |; p. |; south |; von |; west |; zu |; | +; | 1n; | 1·6|; | 2d; | 3d; | 3f; | 3h; | amer; | dec; | feb; | jan; | nov; | oct; | place; | sept; | weight; | |; | |1869; | |1872; | |1897; | |21; | |36; | |40; | |42; | |a; | |about; | |alabama; | |america; | |and; | |as; | |atacama; | |australia; | |below; | |bohemia; | |brazil; | |by; | |california; | |carolina; | |chili; | |cohen; | |collection; | |cooksey; | |date; | |district; | |fall; | |found; | |france; | |from; | |georgia; | |have; | |hills; | |hungary; | |in; | |iowa; | |kansas; | |kentucky; | |large; | |magazine; | |maine; | |masses; | |mexico; | |neighbourhood; | |new; | |of; | |ontario; | |preston; | |punjab; | |russia; | |shepard; | |spain; | |surface; | |tennessee; | |texas; | |the; | |two; | |u.s.a; | |vol; | |ward; | |weinschenk cache: 47147.txt plain text: 47147.txt item: #45 of 51 id: 47648 author: Miller, William J. (William John) title: Geology: The Science of the Earth's Crust date: None words: 96670 flesch: 63 summary: The oxygen, both of the air and that which is contained in water, is a very important chemical agent of decomposition of many rocks. Now, many rocks contain iron, not as such, but held in combination with other substances in the form of various minerals, and this iron of the rocks, where subjected to the oxygen and moisture of air or water, slowly unites with the oxygen and water to form a hydrated iron oxide which is essentially iron-rust. keywords: = =; action; age; animals; cases; coal; conditions; crust; crystals; cut; deep; deposits; earth; era; erosion; fact; fault; feet; fig; form; general; geological; glacial; great; history; ice; ice age; illustration; lake; land; lava; level; limestone; mesozoic; miles; mineral; mountains; new; north; ore; paleozoic; parts; period; place; plants; present; range; region; river; rocks; sea; sea water; states; strata; surface; tertiary; time; types; united; valley; water; years; york cache: 47648.txt plain text: 47648.txt item: #46 of 51 id: 50957 author: Wright, G. Frederick (George Frederick) title: Man and the Glacial Period date: None words: 122647 flesch: 64 summary: These exist abundantly in most regions which have been covered with glacial ice, and are referred to in Scotland as _kames_, in Ireland as _eskers_, and in Sweden as _osars_. Owing to the absence of high lands and mountains, however, it is not covered with perpetual snow, much less with glacial ice, but its level portions are carpeted with grasses and flowers, and sustain extensive forests of stunted trees. keywords: action; america; ancient; animals; area; boulders; channel; clay; coast; county; course; deposits; depth; direction; distance; drainage; drift; earth; east; elevation; england; erosion; europe; evidence; extensive; extent; facts; feet; fig; footnote; general; geological; glacial; glacier; gravel; great; height; high; ice; ice age; illustration; implements; lake; level; line; little; man; map; material; miles; moraine; motion; mountains; movement; near; new; north; northern; ohio; period; place; point; portion; present; professor; region; remains; river; rock; sea; seq; size; south; southern; stream; surface; terraces; tertiary; theory; time; upper; valley; vol; water; west; western; years cache: 50957.txt plain text: 50957.txt item: #47 of 51 id: 51021 author: Dawson, John William, Sir title: The Geological History of Plants date: None words: 89011 flesch: 63 summary: This fact, along with the occurrence, as stated in my paper of 1863, of rhizomes of _Psilophyton_ preserving their scalariform structure, in the upper part of the marine Upper Silurian limestones,[BY] proves the flora of the Devonian rocks to have had its beginning at least in the previous geological period, and to characterise the lower as well as the upper beds of the Devonian series. The bed containing these spores at Kettle Point was stated, in the reports of the Geological Survey of Canada, to be twelve or fourteen feet in thickness, and besides these specimens it contained fossil plants referable to the species _Calamites inornatus_ and _Lepidodendron primævum_, and I not unnaturally supposed that the Sporangites might be the fruit of the latter plant. keywords: age; america; arctic; bark; beds; branches; canada; carboniferous; case; character; climate; coal; cretaceous; devonian; distinct; erian; europe; fact; ferns; fig; flora; formation; forms; fossil; genera; genus; geological; greenland; group; illustration; land; laramie; leaf; leaves; little; matter; middle; modern; new; north; northern; period; plants; present; prof; remains; rocks; scars; series; shales; society; south; species; specimens; stems; structure; tertiary; time; tissue; trees; types; upper; vegetable; vegetation; water; wood cache: 51021.txt plain text: 51021.txt item: #48 of 51 id: 59074 author: Chapman, Frederick title: Australasian Fossils: A Students' Manual of Palaeontology date: None words: 66347 flesch: 68 summary: Rhynchonellae_ allied to European species, as _R. variabilis_ (Fig. 88 A), and _R._ cf. _solitaria_. Dundas; whilst _Leptolepis_, a genus found in the Trias of New South Wales and the Lias and Oolite of Europe, is represented by _L. crassicauda_ from Casterton, associated with the typical Jurassic fern, _Taeniopteris_. keywords: age; animals; australia; balcombian; beds; cainozoic; cambrian; carboniferous; carbopermian; chapm; corals; creek; cretaceous; dec; deposits; devonian; eth; etheridge; fig; fil; fish; forms; fossil; genera; genus; geol; group; hall; ibid; idem; illustration; janjukian; jnr; jurassic; kalimnan; limestone; living; lower; marine; mccoy; n.s.w; nat; near; new; new south; new zealand; oamaru; occurs; ordovician; pal; plants; pleistocene; present; proc; queensland; remains; river; rocks; sea; series; shells; silurian; size; soc; south; south australia; south wales; species; strata; surv; tasmania; tate; teeth; triassic; upper; victoria; vol; | | cache: 59074.txt plain text: 59074.txt item: #49 of 51 id: 59611 author: Various title: The Journal of Geology, January-February 1893 A Semi-Quarterly Magazine of Geology and Related Sciences date: None words: 41313 flesch: 65 summary: Jour. Sci., Sept., 1890. --Ceratiocaridæ from the Chemung and Waverly Groups at Warren, Penn. 22 pp., 2 pl.--Rep. By Prof. =James Geikie=. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Vol. XXXVII., Part I. (No. 9), 1892, pp. keywords: --on; advance; art; beds; boulders; climate; conditions; county; deposits; des; drift; epoch; evidence; feet; geological; geology; glacial; gneiss; gravels; great; ice; ice epoch; jour; line; material; min; nature; new; north; period; phenomena; place; point; pp.--am; present; region; rocks; sci; science; series; sheet; soc'y; strata; study; surface; time; vol; work cache: 59611.txt plain text: 59611.txt item: #50 of 51 id: 62871 author: Mantell, Gideon Algernon title: Thoughts on a Pebble, or, A First Lesson in Geology date: None words: 17027 flesch: 71 summary: _ 2, 4, 6, are illustrated by _fig. 3_) belongs to a group of coral-zoophytes in which the polype-cells consist of a substance that is durable, but not so hard as coral, and invests an axis composed of a tough flexible material, which is exposed at the base of _fig 3_, by the removal of the external or cortical part in which the polypes were situated. keywords: animalcules; body; british; chalk; corals; flint; fossil; geology; illustration; lign; living; minute; nature; ocean; pebble; plates; price; remains; sea; shells; sidenote; species; strata; surface; water cache: 62871.txt plain text: 62871.txt item: #51 of 51 id: 6322 author: Bonpland, Aimé title: Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 1 date: None words: 211066 flesch: 61 summary: Great trees were growing in the places where the gold-washers had worked twenty years before. The sea, or great water, is in the Caribbean, Maypure, and Brazilian languages, parana: in the Tamanac, parava. keywords: action; air; america; appear; appearance; araya; aspect; atmosphere; banks; black; calcareous; cape; caracas; cariaco; caripe; cavern; chain; climate; clouds; coast; colour; continent; cordilleras; countries; country; crater; cumana; current; day; days; degrees; direction; distance; earth; earthquakes; east; elevation; europe; feet; fine; form; formation; general; globe; ground; guayra; gulf; heat; height; horizon; hours; indians; influence; inhabitants; interior; island; languages; latitude; lava; leagues; leaves; level; light; like; limestone; little; mass; mean; mexico; mica; minutes; missions; mountains; nations; natives; nature; near; new; north; number; observations; ocean; orinoco; parts; peak; people; period; peru; phenomenon; place; plains; plants; point; port; present; province; quito; race; regions; rio; river; road; rocks; salt; san; santa; sea; silla; sky; small; soil; south; spain; spanish; species; stars; state; strata; summit; sun; surface; temperature; teneriffe; thermometer; thick; time; toises; torrid; town; trees; tropics; valley; vapours; vast; vegetation; view; village; volcanic; volcano; volcanoes; water; west; white; wind; world; years; zone cache: 6322.txt plain text: 6322.txt