item: #1 of 365 id: 10347 author: Alvares, Rahul title: Free from School date: None words: 35359 flesch: 80 summary: At other times I would be pestering the staff to answer more complicated and detailed questions about the habits of snakes. Sometimes the spider would immediately catch the prey and eat it; at other times the fly would buzz around in the bottle for days till the spider was ready to eat it. keywords: ashok; bank; bus; chapter; croc; dad; day; days; earthworms; experience; female; fish; goa; home; house; morning; mushrooms; night; parents; park; people; pit; place; plants; school; set; shop; snake; soil; species; spiders; stay; students; tank; time; uncle; water; way; work; year cache: 10347.txt plain text: 10347.txt item: #2 of 365 id: 1043 author: McCabe, Joseph title: The Story of Evolution date: None words: 107769 flesch: 63 summary: Thirdly, it meant a great purification of the atmosphere, and thus a most important preparation of the earth for higher land animals and plants. When we had reached this stage in the development of animal life, we found great difficulty in imagining how the chief lines of the higher Invertebrates took their rise from the Archaean chaos of early many-celled forms. keywords: advance; age; america; animals; bird; body; certain; civilisation; climate; close; cold; day; development; early; earth; era; europe; evolution; fact; feet; fish; form; group; ice; insects; land; level; life; light; like; living; mammals; man; matter; mesozoic; miles; modern; nature; new; north; ocean; origin; period; permian; plants; point; race; remains; reptiles; rise; sea; south; species; stage; stars; story; sun; surface; temperature; tertiary; time; types; water; world; years cache: 1043.txt plain text: 1043.txt item: #3 of 365 id: 10513 author: Smith, R. Cadwallader title: On the Seashore Cassell's "Eyes and No Eyes" Series, Book VII date: None words: 17103 flesch: 94 summary: The shell-fish, and other animals which feed on sea plants, are themselves eaten by other sea creatures, and these in their turn are eaten by crabs, lobsters and fish, which are eaten by us. A boy who kept a large Anemone in a tank of sea water, was astonished to find that in a short time, he had not one, but hundreds, of the creatures. keywords: anemone; animal; crab; fish; food; jelly; mouth; oyster; plants; rocks; sand; sea; shell; shore; starfish; water cache: 10513.txt plain text: 10513.txt item: #4 of 365 id: 12359 author: Fiske, John title: The Meaning of Infancy date: None words: 9179 flesch: 56 summary: More of the knowledge of human life is brought within the comprehension of children; more men are brought into a large and sympathetic participation in the activities of our civilization. The growth of the democratic spirit among men and institutions has made the education of children a public necessity, and lifted the school to a position of high social importance. keywords: evolution; infancy; intelligence; life; man; period; point; selection; things; time cache: 12359.txt plain text: 12359.txt item: #5 of 365 id: 13370 author: Price, George McCready title: Q. E. D., or New Light on the Doctrine of Creation date: None words: 33386 flesch: 55 summary: It is consistent only with the doctrine of an almighty and ever present God, and like many other facts which have been developed by modern scientific discoveries, it confirms the other primal doctrine of a literal Creation _in the beginning_. And yet the facts of radioactivity very positively forbid the past eternity of matter_. keywords: animals; cells; creation; doctrine; energy; evolution; facts; footnote; forms; geology; kind; known; law; life; living; matter; nature; new; order; origin; plants; present; real; rocks; science; scientific; species; theory; time; way; world; years cache: 13370.txt plain text: 13370.txt item: #6 of 365 id: 14108 author: Burroughs, John title: In the Catskills: Selections from the Writings of John Burroughs date: None words: 59463 flesch: 77 summary: Though the nest is not especially an artistic work,--requiring strength rather than skill,--yet the eggs and the young of few other birds are so completely housed from the elements, or protected from their natural enemies, the jays, crows, hawks, and owls. Fourthly, a limited number that make no nest of their own, but appropriate the abandoned nests of other birds. keywords: bird; black; branch; cold; country; day; days; deep; dog; eye; farm; feet; female; fox; good; gray; ground; half; hand; head; high; house; left; life; look; man; miles; morning; mountain; nature; near; nest; new; night; place; point; red; rock; saw; snow; song; stone; stream; time; tree; trout; valley; water; way; white; winter; woods; work; young cache: 14108.txt plain text: 14108.txt item: #7 of 365 id: 14558 author: Wallace, Alfred Russel title: Darwinism (1889) An exposition of the theory of natural selection, with some of its applications date: None words: 113975 flesch: 50 summary: Ornamental plumes of considerable size rise from the same part in many other species of paradise birds, sometimes extending laterally in front, so as to form breast shields. Those which are carried by animals have their surfaces, or that of the seed-vessel, armed with minute hooks, or some prickly covering which attaches itself to the hair of mammalia or the feathers of birds, as in the burdock, cleavers, and many other species. keywords: account; action; america; animals; area; birds; black; butterflies; cases; cause; change; characters; coloration; colour; conditions; cross; darwin; development; distribution; effects; eggs; evidence; existence; facts; female; fertilisation; flowers; footnote; forms; genera; genus; green; groups; growth; insects; islands; kind; leaves; life; little; males; man; markings; means; mimicry; nature; new; number; oceanic; origin; parts; period; place; plants; present; professor; protection; recognition; regions; sea; seeds; selection; self; size; south; species; structure; surface; theory; time; tropical; use; variation; white; wind; wings; world cache: 14558.txt plain text: 14558.txt item: #8 of 365 id: 14834 author: Tyler, John M. (John Mason) title: The Whence and the Whither of Man A Brief History of His Origin and Development through Conformity to Environment; Being the Morse Lectures of 1895 date: None words: 92980 flesch: 69 summary: In order to become higher man, present man must subordinate everything to moral development. Of course it is only in man, and higher man, that these last and highest results of mammalian structure appear. keywords: action; animal; body; brain; cells; conformity; development; digestion; egg; end; environment; evolution; family; food; forms; functions; future; germ; god; good; history; human; individual; intelligence; knowledge; laws; life; love; mammals; man; material; means; mind; moral; muscles; nature; new; organs; place; power; present; progress; right; selection; sense; skeleton; species; structure; surface; system; theory; time; truth; use; vertebrates; work; world; young; | | cache: 14834.txt plain text: 14834.txt item: #9 of 365 id: 15429 author: Huxley, Leonard title: Thomas Henry Huxley: A Character Sketch date: None words: 36190 flesch: 58 summary: Thus he could declare the more I know intimately of the lives of other men (to say nothing of my own), the more obvious it is that the wicked does _not_ flourish, nor is the righteous punished. As to the influence which such a style exerted on the habit of mind of his readers, there is remarkable testimony in a letter from Spedding, the editor of Bacon, printed in the _Life of Huxley_, ii, 239. keywords: believe; book; course; darwin; days; education; fact; friend; good; half; hand; hooker; huxley; knowledge; lectures; letter; life; man; matter; men; mind; nature; new; origin; people; point; professor; public; question; read; royal; school; science; society; things; thought; time; way; work; working; world; years cache: 15429.txt plain text: 15429.txt item: #10 of 365 id: 15491 author: Hooke, Robert title: Micrographia Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses with Observations and Inquiries Thereupon date: None words: 155378 flesch: 59 summary: Another Instance of the strange _loosening_ nature of a violent jarring Motion, or a strong and nimble vibrative one, we may have from a piece of _iron_ grated on very strongly with a _file_: for if into that a pin _ intermediate_ branchings of these Figures; and the center a, was the most _prominent_ part of the whole Figure, seeming the _apex_ of a solid angle or _pyramid_, each of the six plains being a little enclin'd below the surface of the _Urin_. keywords: air; animal; appear'd; black; blue; bodies; body; cause; colours; creature; degrees; description; divers; drop; earth; end; experiment; eye; figure; fire; fluid; fly; form; glass; good; great; head; heat; insects; kind; leaves; length; light; liquor; manner; means; medium; microscope; middle; moon; motion; multitudes; nature; neer; object; observ'd; observations; particles; parts; phænomena; piece; place; point; pores; pressure; pretty; proceed; pulse; rays; reason; red; refraction; round; scheme; second; self; shap'd; shape; shell; shew; sides; skin; stone; substance; sun; surface; texture; thing; time; tis; transparent; water; way; white; wood; yellow cache: 15491.txt plain text: 15491.txt item: #11 of 365 id: 15997 author: Wallace, Alfred Russel title: Alfred Russel Wallace: Letters and Reminiscences, Vol. 1 date: None words: 102406 flesch: 70 summary: Did He cause the frame and mental qualities of the dog to vary in order that a breed might be formed of indomitable ferocity, with jaws fitted to pin down the bull for man's brutal sport? [64] _See_ Wallace, _Quarterly Journ. But at the same time, if my theory is true--that while the animals which surrounded him have been undergoing modification in _all_ parts of their bodies to a _generic_ or even _family_ degree of difference, he has been changing almost wholly in the brain and head--then, in geological antiquity the _species_ of man may be as old as many mammalian _families_, and the origin of the _family_ man may date back to a period when some of the orders first originated. keywords: alfred; animals; article; believe; birds; book; case; charles; course; darwin; day; dear; distribution; doubt; facts; female; forms; general; good; health; hooker; hope; insects; interest; islands; kent; kind; letter; life; lyell; man; men; mind; nature; new; note; number; origin; paper; period; plants; point; present; protection; r. wallace; reading; review; science; selection; sir; society; species; sterility; subject; thanks; theory; thought; time; variations; view; wallace; way; wish; work; years cache: 15997.txt plain text: 15997.txt item: #12 of 365 id: 15998 author: Wallace, Alfred Russel title: Alfred Russel Wallace: Letters and Reminiscences, Vol. 2 date: None words: 93992 flesch: 69 summary: | Leroy's Intelligence and Perfectibility of | | | Animals | 309 | | Theory of Glacial Motion | 329 | Soc., | On the Umbrella Bird | | Lond. keywords: a.r; alfred; barrett; birds; book; broadstone; case; course; darwin; day; dear; distribution; dorset; evolution; facts; form; good; interest; land; large; lecture; life; malay |; man; men; mind; miss; mrs; nature; new; orchard; origin; paper; parkstone; plants; poulton; present; prof; r. wallace; reading; romanes; science; selection; sir; society; species; spencer; study; subject; theory; thought; time; variation; views; wallace; way; work; world; years; zoologist |; | academy; | animals; | annals; | archipelago; | contemp; | ibis; | islands; | journ; | letter; | lond; | note; | proc; | soc; | | cache: 15998.txt plain text: 15998.txt item: #13 of 365 id: 16136 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: American Addresses, with a Lecture on the Study of Biology date: None words: 35458 flesch: 54 summary: Facts of this kind are undoubtedly fatal to any form of the doctrine of evolution which postulates the supposition that there is an intrinsic necessity, on the part of animal forms which have once come into existence, to undergo continual modification; and they are as distinctly opposed to any view which involves the belief, that such modification as may occur, must take place, at the same rate, in all the different types of animal or vegetable life. But, further, it is expressly stated that aquatic animals took their origin upon the fifth day, and not before; hence, all formations in which remains of aquatic animals can be proved to exist, and which therefore testify that such animals lived at the time when these formations were in course of deposition, must have been deposited during or since the period which Milton speaks of as the fifth day. keywords: animals; biology; birds; bones; day; end; evidence; evolution; existence; fact; forms; history; horse; human; hypothesis; knowledge; life; man; nature; place; plants; present; remains; series; structure; things; time; university; way cache: 16136.txt plain text: 16136.txt item: #14 of 365 id: 16442 author: Crampton, Henry Edward title: The Doctrine of Evolution: Its Basis and Its Scope date: None words: 91386 flesch: 53 summary: A skull-like object may be found in a coal field and may come into the hands of the palæontologist: from his acquaintance with the head skeletons of recent types he will be able to assign the extinct creature which possessed the skull to a definite place in the animal scale and to understand its nearer or wider affinities with other animals of later times and of earlier epochs. In the first part, all men will be assumed to be alike and the members of a homogeneous species whose fundamental attributes are to be compared with those of other animals; only afterwards will attention be directed to the differences, previously ignored, that divide human beings into well-marked varieties. keywords: animals; basis; biological; body; brain; case; cells; certain; characteristics; characters; comparative; day; development; doctrine; elements; evidence; evolution; existence; facts; forms; group; history; human; individual; knowledge; laws; life; like; living; members; mind; nature; new; order; organisms; organs; origin; parts; place; point; present; principles; process; races; respects; results; science; second; sense; series; species; structure; study; system; things; time; university; way; world; | | cache: 16442.txt plain text: 16442.txt item: #15 of 365 id: 16487 author: Conn, H. W. (Herbert William) title: The Story of the Living Machine A Review of the Conclusions of Modern Biology in Regard to the Mechanism Which Controls the Phenomena of Living Activity date: None words: 55586 flesch: 61 summary: Origin of cell machine, 178, 179, 180. Origin of life, 81, 182. Osmosis, 29. Oxidation, 80, 176. This idea of the cytoblastema was early thrown into suspicion, and almost at the time of the announcement of the cell doctrine certain microscopists made the claim that these cells did not come from any structureless medium, but by division from other cells like themselves. keywords: animals; body; cell; cell division; cell substance; chemical; chromosomes; egg; energy; fig; food; forces; form; history; life; living machine; machine; material; nature; new; nucleus; parts; phenomena; process; protoplasm; result; simple cache: 16487.txt plain text: 16487.txt item: #16 of 365 id: 18174 author: Lazell, Frederick John title: Some Winter Days in Iowa date: None words: 14865 flesch: 82 summary: There are but few trees, but they have had room for full development and are noble specimens. A flock of tree sparrows were busy in and around a big thicket of wild gooseberry bushes on the upland. keywords: beauty; black; blue; buds; color; day; downy; earth; feet; forest; gray; green; ice; iowa; leaves; life; march; nature; red; river; snow; spring; time; tree; white; winter; woods cache: 18174.txt plain text: 18174.txt item: #17 of 365 id: 18227 author: Lazell, Frederick John title: Some Spring Days in Iowa date: None words: 11208 flesch: 80 summary: The drooping racemes of white blossoms, with the ruby and early-falling bracts among them look like gala decorations to fringe the way of Flora as she travels up the valley. In this long list of April flowers--some observers will be able to make it still longer--there are many favorites. keywords: april; beauty; bird; blossoms; blue; day; flowers; grass; green; june; leaves; nest; red; river; song; spring; white; wind; woods; year; yellow cache: 18227.txt plain text: 18227.txt item: #18 of 365 id: 18249 author: Lazell, Frederick John title: Some Summer Days in Iowa date: None words: 18877 flesch: 80 summary: The old tree seems to bend its branches down to listen as he says: I know you, old tree, and I love you. Others of your ancestors, old tree, formed the sacred grove of Dodona, where the oracles spake to minds as yet in darkness. keywords: beauty; blossoms; blue; creek; day; days; fence; flowers; golden; green; leaves; life; light; morning; nest; red; river; road; summer; time; trees; water; way; white; woods; world; year; yellow cache: 18249.txt plain text: 18249.txt item: #19 of 365 id: 18335 author: Burroughs, John title: The Breath of Life date: None words: 74047 flesch: 61 summary: They must exert force, chemical force, or, shall we say, they transform chemical force into life force, or, to use Professor Moore's term, into biotic energy? This transformation of inorganic energy into life energy cannot be traced or repeated in the laboratory, yet science believes the secret will sometime be in its hands. keywords: activity; air; atoms; bodies; body; carbon; cell; change; chemical; chemistry; dead; difference; earth; elements; energy; evolution; force; forms; inorganic; life; life force; life processes; living; living matter; machine; man; material; matter; mind; mystery; nature; new; order; oxygen; physical; place; power; principle; processes; professor; science; things; time; universe; view; water; way; world cache: 18335.txt plain text: 18335.txt item: #20 of 365 id: 18521 author: Laing, S. (Samuel) title: An Expository Outline of the "Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation" With a Notice of the Author's "Explanations:" A Sequel to the Vestiges date: None words: 24258 flesch: 53 summary: By no change of conditions, says Dr. CLARKE, can two ova of animals of the same species be developed into different animal species; neither by any provision of identical conditions can two ova of different species be developed into animals of the same kind. The entoza are dwelt upon; they are creatures living in the interior of other animals, of which the tape-worm that infests the human body is a melancholy instance. keywords: animals; author; conditions; creation; development; earth; existence; fishes; formation; forms; globe; hypothesis; land; law; life; matter; nature; order; organic; plants; remains; rocks; sea; series; species; strata; surface; system; time; vestiges cache: 18521.txt plain text: 18521.txt item: #21 of 365 id: 18629 author: Jefferies, Richard title: Nature Near London date: None words: 66562 flesch: 78 summary: But even then from time to time came the sweet voice, full of hope in coming summer. In the shrubberies around villa gardens, or in the hedges of the small paddocks attached, thrushes and other birds sometimes build their nests. keywords: air; autumn; birds; blue; brown; bushes; close; colour; copse; corn; country; day; earth; field; flowers; furze; grass; green; hand; hedge; leaves; left; light; like; london; look; oaks; open; place; red; road; round; sea; shadow; sky; spot; spring; stream; summer; sun; sunshine; surface; sward; time; trees; water; way; wheat; white; wild; wind; wood; year; yellow cache: 18629.txt plain text: 18629.txt item: #22 of 365 id: 18754 author: Fink, Bruce title: Ohio Biological Survey, Bull. 10, Vol. 11, No. 6 The Ascomycetes of Ohio IV and V date: None words: 10636 flesch: 74 summary: _Peltigera_ furnishes seven species for Ohio, while only one species of _Nephroma_ has thus far been found in the State. with two-celled, hyaline spores (Fig. 4); _Bilimbia_ with several-celled, hyaline spores, not much narrowed (Fig. 5); and _Bacidia_ with several-celled, hyaline, acicular spores (Fig. 6). keywords: apothecia; brown; exciple; fig; hymenium; hypothecium; mic; minute; pale; spores; thallus cache: 18754.txt plain text: 18754.txt item: #23 of 365 id: 18986 author: Bose, Jagadis Chandra title: Response in the Living and Non-Living date: None words: 44631 flesch: 56 summary: That is to say, I desired to know, with regard to plants, what was the relation between intensity of stimulus and the corresponding response; what were the effects of superposition of stimuli; whether fatigue was present, and in what manner it influenced response; what were the effects of extremes of temperature on the response; and, lastly, if chemical reagents could exercise any influence in the modification of plant response, as stimulating, anæsthetic, and poisonous drugs have been found to do with nerve and muscle. But before we can obtain satisfactory and conclusive results regarding plant response, many experimental difficulties will have to be surmounted. keywords: action; current; effect; electric; fatigue; fig; illustration; intensity; light; method; negative; nerve; plant response; positive; recovery; response; stimulation; stimulus; temperature; variation; vibration cache: 18986.txt plain text: 18986.txt item: #24 of 365 id: 1909 author: Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles) title: Darwin and Modern Science date: None words: 272576 flesch: 55 summary: It looks as if it had required almost ten years for The Origin of Species to show its full effect, since the year 1868 marks the publication of Haeckel's Naturliche Schoepfungsgeschichte in addition to other great works. We find the same state of things in many other species, and in one case (Elymnias undularis) in which the male is also mimetically coloured, it copies quite a differently coloured immune species from the model followed by the female. keywords: account; action; activity; adaptation; america; animals; behaviour; biological; birds; book; case; causes; cells; century; changes; characters; charles darwin; chemical; class; colour; complete; conception; conclusion; conditions; course; darwin; day; degree; descent; development; difference; direction; distribution; division; doctrine; doubt; early; edition; effect; egg; eggs; end; environment; evidence; evolution; example; existence; experience; experiments; explanation; extent; external; fact; factors; family; female; fertilisation; flowers; following; form; fossil; general; geology; good; group; hand; heredity; history; human; huxley; hypothesis; i. page; idea; iii; importance; individual; influence; insects; instance; interest; kind; knowledge; l.l; language; letters; life; light; line; living; london; lyell; man; manner; matter; means; method; mind; nature; new; number; observations; order; organic; organism; organs; origin; page; parts; period; phenomena; place; plants; point; pollen; position; power; present; principle; problem; process; processes; production; professor; progress; publication; question; radio; real; reason; record; regard; relation; religion; result; science; sea; second; selection; self; sense; series; society; south; species; stage; structure; struggle; study; subject; theory; thought; time; type; use; value; variations; view; wallace; water; way; words; work; world; years cache: 1909.txt plain text: 1909.txt item: #25 of 365 id: 19192 author: Hodge, Charles title: What is Darwinism? date: None words: 40845 flesch: 65 summary: And further, admitting the special claims to deference on the part of scientific men, other men have their rights. This, as the whole context shows, means that a man in order to be entitled to be heard on the evolution theory, must be willing to renounce his faith not only in the Bible, but in God, in the soul, in a future life, and become a monistic materialist.[46] It is very reasonable that scientific men, in common with lawyers and physicians and other professional men, should feel themselves entitled to be heard with special deference on subjects belonging to their respective departments. keywords: animals; book; causes; creation; darwin; darwinism; design; doctrine; evolution; existence; fact; force; forms; god; laws; life; living; man; matter; men; mind; nature; new; origin; physical; power; professor; science; selection; species; theory; time; universe; work; world cache: 19192.txt plain text: 19192.txt item: #26 of 365 id: 19321 author: Graebner, Theodore title: Evolution: An Investigation and a Critique date: None words: 41632 flesch: 59 summary: We quote from an article which appeared in _Theological Quarterly_ some twenty years ago: What process of evolution resulted in the lives and deeds of such men as Alexander the Great, Julius Ceasar, [tr. note: sic] Constantine the Great, Luther, Napoleon I, and Bismarck? We find in the roster of scientists who believed in an inspired Bible and a divine Savior, such men as Hans Christian Oerstedt, the great discoverer of electro-magnetism and the father of all modern electrical science, who declared that he had but a desire to lead men to God by his books; Lavoisier, father of modern chemistry, a Christian; Maedler, who reached the front rank of modern astronomers without relinquishing his childhood faith and who said: A real scientist cannot be an infidel; Ritter, greatest of geographers, who said: All the world is replete with the glory of the Creator; Virchow, the surgeon of worldwide fame, who all his life was an outspoken opponent of the evolutionary theory and whose last prayer, uttered in the presence of his fellow-scientists, was: _Christi Blut und Gerechtigkeit . . . . keywords: account; animals; chapter; darwin; day; development; earth; evolution; evolutionists; existence; fact; find; fish; forms; god; history; human; hypothesis; laws; life; living; man; matter; mind; nature; new; note; origin; place; plants; religion; science; scientists; sic; species; structure; theory; things; time; universe; world; years cache: 19321.txt plain text: 19321.txt item: #27 of 365 id: 19922 author: Romanes, George John title: The Scientific Evidences of Organic Evolution date: None words: 14579 flesch: 57 summary: But the same thing may be seen in hundreds and hundreds of other cases. This consideration is that amid all the millions of mechanisms and instincts in the animal kingdom, there is no one instance of a mechanism or instinct occurring in one species for the exclusive benefit of another species, although there are a few cases in which a mechanism or instinct that is of benefit to its possessor has come also to be utilised by other species. keywords: animals; argument; case; darwin; design; evidence; evolution; fact; islands; life; man; nature; selection; species; theory cache: 19922.txt plain text: 19922.txt item: #28 of 365 id: 2009 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection Or, the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, 6th Edition date: None words: 208990 flesch: 46 summary: In these works he up holds the doctrine that all species, including man, are descended from other species. XIV, page 283) on the Spongilla, clearly declares his belief that species are descended from other species, and that they become improved in the course of modification. keywords: --on; action; america; animals; beings; birds; breeds; case; change; chapter; characters; class; common; conditions; country; degree; descendants; development; differences; difficulty; distinct; doubt; extinct; facts; flowers; formations; forms; genera; genus; good; groups; habits; hand; having; hybrids; importance; individuals; inhabitants; insects; instance; islands; life; living; manner; means; modification; nature; new; number; offspring; order; organic; organs; parent; parent species; parts; period; plants; pollen; power; present; principle; productions; sea; seeds; selection; slight; species; state; sterility; structure; subject; theory; time; variations; varieties; view; water; world; young cache: 2009.txt plain text: 2009.txt item: #29 of 365 id: 2010 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Autobiography of Charles Darwin date: None words: 22822 flesch: 63 summary: I became also acquainted with several other men older than me, who did not care much about science, but were friends of Henslow. Yet these phenomena are so conspicuous that, as I declared in a paper published many years afterwards in the 'Philosophical Magazine' ('Philosophical Magazine,' 1842.), a house burnt down by fire did not tell its story more plainly than did this valley. keywords: book; cambridge; day; facts; father; good; henslow; life; man; men; mind; plants; pleasure; school; science; society; species; subject; thought; time; voyage; work; years cache: 2010.txt plain text: 2010.txt item: #30 of 365 id: 20448 author: Burroughs, John title: The Wit of a Duck and Other Papers date: None words: 23497 flesch: 79 summary: She had deposited her eggs, when the haymakers began pitching hay into the space beneath her; sweating, hurrying haymakers do not see or regard the rights or wants of little birds. Why do other birds, the robin for instance, often make war upon the cuckoo, chasing it from the vicinity of their nests? keywords: air; animals; barn; bird; day; days; eye; fields; food; ground; life; look; near; nest; new; red; season; snow; spring; squirrel; time; tree; wall; way; white; wild; winter; woods cache: 20448.txt plain text: 20448.txt item: #31 of 365 id: 20556 author: Packard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring) title: Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution His Life and Work date: None words: 132087 flesch: 61 summary: In the appendix to this book (1802) he thus refers to his change of views: I have for a long time thought that _species_ were constant in nature, and that they were constituted by the individuals which belong to each of them. December 26, 1827, Latreille asked to be allowed to employ Boisduval as a _préparateur_; he became the author of several works on injurious insects and Lepidoptera. CHAPTER VI POSITION IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE; OPINIONS OF HIS CONTEMPORARIES AND SOME LATER BIOLOGISTS De Blainville, a worthy successor of Lamarck, in his posthumous book, _Cuvier et Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire_, pays the highest tribute to his predecessor, whose position as the leading naturalist of his time he fully and gratefully acknowledges, saying: Among the men whose lectures I have had the advantage of hearing, I truly recognize only three masters, M. de Lamarck, M. Claude Richard, and M. Pinel (p. 43). keywords: action; animals; animaux; ann; author; beings; birds; bodies; body; buffon; cause; century; changes; chapter; circumstances; classes; climate; condition; course; cuvier; dans; darwin; day; de lamarck; de paris; des; earth; end; environment; et de; evolution; existence; factors; facts; faculties; fluids; form; fossil; france; french; general; geoffroy; globe; habits; having; history; idea; individuals; influence; insects; jardin; lamarck; law; les; life; little; living; long; m. de; mammals; man; means; movements; museum; nature; naturelle; new; number; observations; order; organic; organization; organs; origin; paris; period; place; plants; position; power; present; professor; qui; race; result; rise; science; sea; second; selection; series; shells; simple; species; state; structure; study; subject; sur; surface; system; theory; things; thought; time; use; views; water; way; word; work; years cache: 20556.txt plain text: 20556.txt item: #32 of 365 id: 20818 author: Mivart, St. George Jackson title: On the Genesis of Species date: None words: 89507 flesch: 54 summary: The lower cell of each of the two fertile anthers, which is much reduced and different from the superior even in _Salvia officinalis_, is transmuted in other _salviæ_ into an organ (nectarotheca) having a very different form and function, and finally disappears entirely in _Salvia verticillata_. races_ have undoubtedly so arisen (some striking instances having been here recorded), and it is at least conceivable that such may be the mode of _specific_ manifestation generally, the possible conditions as to which will be considered in a later chapter. keywords: account; action; animals; birds; body; case; change; chapter; common; conception; conditions; creation; darwin; darwinian; degree; development; evidence; evolution; existence; facts; fishes; forms; gemmules; god; hand; hypothesis; illustration; individual; instances; internal; kind; laws; life; man; means; minute; nature; new; number; organic; origin; page; parts; phenomena; physical; place; plants; power; present; professor; reason; regard; science; selection; species; spencer; structure; tendency; theory; time; variations; view; way; world cache: 20818.txt plain text: 20818.txt item: #33 of 365 id: 2087 author: Darwin, Charles title: Life and Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 1 date: None words: 195842 flesch: 70 summary: I can well understand your reluctance to break up your large and happy party and go abroad; but your life is very valuable, so you ought to be very cautious in good time. Of other great literary men, I once met Sydney Smith at Dean Milman's house. keywords: account; america; animals; answer; beagle; book; c. darwin; cambridge; captain; case; chapter; character; charles darwin; country; course; darwin; day; days; deal; dear; doubt; edition; england; facts; father; fitz; following; fox; friend; geology; going; good; half; health; henslow; history; home; hooker; hope; house; interest; islands; j.d; journal; kind; letter; life; london; look; lyell; making; man; manner; men; mind; nature; new; note; origin; page; paper; place; plants; pleasure; point; present; read; reading; respect; return; roy; saw; science; sea; second; short; shrewsbury; sir; sketch; society; south; species; subject; tell; theory; think; thought; time; trouble; varieties; views; volume; voyage; want; water; way; wish; work; world; writing; years; young cache: 2087.txt plain text: 2087.txt item: #34 of 365 id: 2088 author: Darwin, Charles title: Life and Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2 date: None words: 185974 flesch: 72 summary: When we, at Cambridge, had the satisfaction of receiving Sir J. von Haast into our body as a Doctor of Science (July 1886), I had the opportunity of hearing from him of the vivid pleasure which this, and other letters from my father, gave him. Mr. Huxley writes: Mr. Darwin abhors mere speculation as nature abhors a vacuum. keywords: account; animals; april; article; asa; author; believe; book; c. darwin; case; chapter; charles darwin; copy; day; dear; december; descent; difficulty; doubt; edition; essay; evolution; facts; father; fear; february; feel; fertilisation; flowers; following; forms; general; geological; good; gray; great; hear; history; hooker; hope; huxley; idea; interest; j.d; january; journal; july; kind; letter; life; london; look; lyell; man; manner; march; member; men; mind; natural; nature; new; note; november; number; observations; opinion; origin; page; paper; parts; plants; point; power; present; professor; question; read; reading; remarks; respect; review; science; second; selection; sir; society; species; subject; thank; theory; thought; time; truth; use; variation; views; volume; wallace; way; wish; work; world; writing; years cache: 2088.txt plain text: 2088.txt item: #35 of 365 id: 2089 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: On the Reception of the 'Origin of Species' date: None words: 9279 flesch: 48 summary: We have not even the excuse that, thirty years ago, Mr. Darwin was an obscure novice, who had no claims on our attention. Confession unaccompanied by penitence, however, affords no ground for mitigation of judgment; and the kindliness with which Mr. Darwin speaks of his assailant, Bishop Wilberforce (vol. ii.), is so striking an exemplification of his singular gentleness and modesty, that it rather increases one's indignation against the presumption of his critic.) keywords: creation; darwin; doctrine; evolution; lyell; man; nature; origin; present; science; species; theory; time cache: 2089.txt plain text: 2089.txt item: #36 of 365 id: 20933 author: White, Gilbert title: The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 1 date: None words: 41536 flesch: 72 summary: _Grallae tanquam conjuratae_, _unanimiter in fugam se cojiciunt_; _ne earum unicam quidem inter nos habitantem invenire possimus_; _ut enim aestate in australibus degere nequeunt ob defectum lumbricorum_, _terramque siccam_; _ita nec in frigidis ob eandem causam_, says Ekmarck the Swede, in his ingenious little treatise called Migrationes Avium, which by all means you ought to read while your thoughts run on the subject of migration. I. CASSELL & COMPANY, Limited: _LONDON_, _PARIS_, _NEW YORK & MELBOURNE_. keywords: april; autumn; birds; black; breed; country; day; dear; doubt; end; food; forest; good; ground; half; head; house; kind; letter; manner; march; migration; nest; new; night; north; parts; people; place; ray; reason; saw; selborne; song; south; species; spring; stone; summer; swallows; time; trees; village; water; way; weather; white; wild; winter; year; young cache: 20933.txt plain text: 20933.txt item: #37 of 365 id: 20934 author: White, Gilbert title: The Natural History of Selborne, Vol. 2 date: None words: 41554 flesch: 63 summary: When in the air they move _volatu undoso_, in waves or curves, like wood-peckers, opening and shutting their wings at every stroke, and so are always rising or sinking. When mole-crickets fly they move _cursu undoso_, rising and falling in curves, like the other species mentioned before. keywords: air; attention; birds; breed; day; days; degrees; end; evening; feet; field; food; garden; ground; half; hirundines; house; insects; legs; letter; life; manner; martins; middle; morning; nest; new; night; people; place; season; selborne; snow; south; species; spring; state; summer; sun; swallow; swifts; time; trees; village; water; way; weather; white; wings; winter; year; young cache: 20934.txt plain text: 20934.txt item: #38 of 365 id: 21019 author: Dennert, Eberhard title: At the Deathbed of Darwinism: A Series of Papers date: None words: 33964 flesch: 50 summary: Finally, Wagner briefly indicates that certain new theories necessarily exercised an influence on Darwinism. For my own part I repeat what I said above, that I consider it the most valuable contribution to the characterization of decadent Darwinism that has appeared up to the present time. keywords: book; case; chapter; darwinian; darwinism; descent; development; doctrine; eimer; evolution; fact; forms; haeckel; individual; life; nature; organisms; origin; present; principle; process; science; selection; species; struggle; theory; time; work; years cache: 21019.txt plain text: 21019.txt item: #39 of 365 id: 21111 author: Brightwen, Mrs. (Eliza Elder) title: Wild Nature Won By Kindness date: None words: 45424 flesch: 79 summary: If I once begin to speak about these winning, confiding little birds, I shall hardly know when to stop. They became very amusing, tame little creatures, ready to take dandelions, nuts, or any little dainty, from one's hand. keywords: 8vo; author; beak; bird; book; box; cage; care; cloth; creature; crown; day; days; edition; feathers; food; friend; garden; good; hand; head; home; illustration; kind; life; live; looking; morning; nature; nest; pet; place; richard; room; round; second; sight; spider; thought; time; tree; water; way; window; wings; years; young cache: 21111.txt plain text: 21111.txt item: #40 of 365 id: 21271 author: Colmenero de Ledesma, Antonio title: Chocolate: or, An Indian Drinke By the wise and Moderate use whereof, Health is preserved, Sicknesse Diverted, and Cured, especially the Plague of the Guts; vulgarly called The New Disease date: None words: 9079 flesch: 74 summary: Those who mixe _Maiz_ or _Paniso_ in the _Chocolate_ doe very ill; because those graines doe beget a very melancholly humour: as the same Author expresseth in these Verses. Moysture_, _in gradu intenso_; and to be so likewise in _Cold_ and _ keywords: cacao; chocolate; cold; confection; doe; drinke; good; ingredients; parts; quantity; substance; use; water cache: 21271.txt plain text: 21271.txt item: #41 of 365 id: 22150 author: Schmid, Rudolf title: The Theories of Darwin and Their Relation to Philosophy, Religion, and Morality date: None words: 112957 flesch: 44 summary: We will try to reproduce briefly the pedigree which is of most interest--the hypothetical _pedigree of man_. Alex. Braun says: Man _assents_ to the idea of being appointed _lord_ of the creatures, but then he may also acknowledge that he is not placed over his subjects as a stranger, but originated from the {247} beings whose lord he wishes to be. keywords: account; action; animal; cause; consciousness; course; creation; darwin; darwinism; day; days; descent; development; end; evolution; existence; fact; form; god; history; human; idea; individual; investigation; knowledge; life; man; mankind; moral; morality; natural; nature; new; organic; organisms; origin; place; position; present; question; realm; reference; religion; science; selection; self; species; theories; theory; time; view; way; work; world cache: 22150.txt plain text: 22150.txt item: #42 of 365 id: 22165 author: Gibson, W. Hamilton (William Hamilton) title: My Studio Neighbors date: None words: 39530 flesch: 60 summary: Starting to prove that insects fertilize the flowers, his carefully observed facts only served to demonstrate in many cases the reverse--that _insects could not fertilize_ flowers in the manner he had declared. This would insure its fertilization by the pollen on the insect's tongue; and even though the sipper _failed_ to reach the nectar, the pollen would be withdrawn upon the tongue, to be carried to other flowers, which might thus be expected to inherit from the paternal side the tendency to the _longer_ nectary. keywords: bee; beneath; bird; black; blossom; body; close; cow; cross; cuckoo; darwin; door; egg; fertilization; fig; flower; fly; head; illustration; inches; insect; length; moth; nectary; nest; new; opening; orchid; point; pollen; position; species; sprengel; stigma; time; tongue; wasp; white; wings; work; yellow cache: 22165.txt plain text: 22165.txt item: #43 of 365 id: 22408 author: Anonymous title: Chatterbox Stories of Natural History date: None words: 12739 flesch: 84 summary: [Illustration] TESTING HIS STRENGTH. [Illustration] Into the garden next let's come To pluck a pear or downy plum, And hear the bird's sweet trilling-- keywords: animals; bird; day; dog; family; feet; fish; food; head; home; illustration; little; man; mother; nest; swan; time; water; way; wild; young cache: 22408.txt plain text: 22408.txt item: #44 of 365 id: 22428 author: Wallace, Alfred Russel title: Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection A Series of Essays date: None words: 103257 flesch: 55 summary: Additional facts as to birds acquiring | | | | the song of other species. This complete renewal of the forms of life also appears to have occurred several times:--That from the last of the geological epochs to the present or historical epoch, the change of organic life has been gradual: the first appearance of animals now existing can in many cases be traced, their numbers gradually increasing in the more recent formations, while other species continually die out and disappear, so that the present condition of the organic world is clearly derived by a natural process of gradual extinction and creation of species from that of the latest geological periods. keywords: action; animals; birds; black; butterflies; cases; celebes; changes; colour; colouring; common; conditions; darwin; development; earth; existence; facts; female; food; form; general; genus; group; habits; individuals; insects; islands; known; law; laws; life; like; man; matter; mimicry; nature; nest; new; nidification; number; origin; papilio; phenomena; place; power; present; protection; races; resemblance; selection; sexes; size; special; species; structure; theory; time; variation; varieties; variety; white; wings; young; | | cache: 22428.txt plain text: 22428.txt item: #45 of 365 id: 22728 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Foundations of the Origin of Species Two Essays written in 1842 and 1844 date: None words: 92591 flesch: 58 summary: {288} The distinction between _faculty_ and _instinct_ corresponds in some degree to that between perception of a stimulus and a specific reaction. If _species_ generate other _species_ keywords: america; animals; author; beings; case; changes; chapter; conditions; degree; distribution; domestic; essay; facts; forms; great; groups; i. p.; instance; islands; life; man; means; nature; new; number; offspring; organic; organisms; organs; origin; parent; parts; period; plants; present; races; selection; species; state; structure; theory; time; variation; varieties; young cache: 22728.txt plain text: 22728.txt item: #46 of 365 id: 22764 author: Darwin, Charles title: On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. (2nd edition) date: None words: 158252 flesch: 48 summary: Moreover, as Gärtner during several years repeatedly crossed the primrose and cowslip, which we have such good reason to believe to be varieties, and only once or twice succeeded in getting fertile seed; as he found the common red and blue pimpernels (Anagallis arvensis and coerulea), which the best botanists rank as varieties, absolutely sterile together; and as he came to the same conclusion in several other analogous cases; it seems to me that we may well be permitted to doubt whether many other species are really so sterile, when intercrossed, as Gärtner believes. ----, effect of, under nature, 134. ----, diversified, of same species, 183. Hair and teeth, correlated, keywords: animals; beings; birds; breeds; case; characters; common; conditions; country; degree; differences; distinct; domestic; doubt; extinct; facts; forms; genera; genus; groups; habits; having; hybrids; individuals; inhabitants; instance; islands; life; manner; modification; nature; new; number; organic; organs; parent; parts; period; plants; present; productions; sea; seeds; selection; slight; species; state; structure; theory; time; varieties; view; water; world cache: 22764.txt plain text: 22764.txt item: #47 of 365 id: 2300 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex date: None words: 311803 flesch: 64 summary: Since in such cases the males have acquired their present structure, not from being better fitted to survive in the struggle for existence, but from having gained an advantage over other males, and from having transmitted this advantage to their male offspring alone, sexual selection must here have come into action. So again, if the chief service rendered to the male by his prehensile organs is to prevent the escape of the female before the arrival of other males, or when assaulted by them, these organs will have been perfected through sexual selection, that is by the advantage acquired by certain individuals over their rivals. keywords: 1869; account; action; adult; adult male; africa; american; animals; apes; beauty; birds; black; blue; body; brain; breeding; british; cases; cause; change; chapter; characters; children; class; colour; coloured; common; conclusion; conditions; courtship; deer; degree; development; differences; distinct; dog; doubt; effects; evidence; fact; faculties; family; feathers; female; fig; fighting; fishes; form; general; genus; good; habits; hair; hand; head; history; horns; human; i. p.; iii; individuals; influence; inheritance; insects; instance; instincts; kinds; length; life; love; male; mammals; man; manner; means; men; mind; monkeys; moral; natural; nature; new; number; offspring; order; organs; origin; ornaments; parts; period; plumage; power; present; probable; prof; progenitors; proportion; protection; pugnacity; races; relation; remarks; respect; result; savages; season; selection; sense; sexes; shewn; sir; size; skin; social; society; species; state; structure; subject; surface; tail; teeth; time; tribe; upper; use; variability; variations; view; vol; wallace; white; wild; wings; women; work; world; years; young cache: 2300.txt plain text: 2300.txt item: #48 of 365 id: 23427 author: Butler, Samuel title: Evolution, Old & New Or, the Theories of Buffon, Dr. Erasmus Darwin and Lamarck, as compared with that of Charles Darwin date: None words: 119734 flesch: 58 summary: [84] The pig, he continues, is not formed on an original, special, and perfect type; its type is compounded of that of many other animals. If we study the Orang-outang with regard only to his configuration, we might regard him, with equal justice, as either the highest of the apes or as the lowest of mankind, because, with the exception of the soul, he wants nothing of what we have ourselves, and because, as regards his body, he differs less from man than he does from other animals which are still called apes. keywords: ---on; action; animals; body; brain; buffon; c. darwin; cause; changes; chapter; common; concerning; conditions; darwin; design; development; difference; erasmus; erasmus darwin; evolution; existence; fact; forms; geoffroy; habits; hand; having; history; kind; lamarck; life; living; man; manner; matter; means; men; mind; modification; nature; new; number; organism; organs; origin; page; parts; passage; perception; phil; place; plants; power; present; professor; purpose; reader; reason; selection; sense; species; theory; time; tom; variations; view; way; words; work; years; zool cache: 23427.txt plain text: 23427.txt item: #49 of 365 id: 2354 author: Darwin, Charles title: Note on the Resemblances and Differences in the Structure and the Development of the Brain in Man and Apes date: None words: 4048 flesch: 53 summary: And it is a remarkable circumstance that though, so far as our present knowledge extends, there IS one true structural break in the series of forms of Simian brains, this hiatus does not lie between man and the manlike apes, but between the lower and the lowest Simians, or in other words, between the Old and New World apes and monkeys and the Lemurs. But the truth that the three structures in question are as well developed in apes' as in human brains, or even better; and that it is characteristic of all the Primates (if we exclude the Lemurs) to have these parts well developed, stands at present on as secure a basis as any proposition in comparative anatomy. keywords: apes; brain; chimpanzee; fissure; gratiolet; les; man; sulci cache: 2354.txt plain text: 2354.txt item: #50 of 365 id: 23667 author: Seton, Ernest Thompson title: Woodland Tales date: None words: 48902 flesch: 89 summary: In the sunny spots the shreds of the fringe with its beads had taken root and were growing into little flowers with beady eyes, Spring Beauties as they are called now. the spring is coming! Nana-bo-jou said: Little voice, where are you? keywords: big; bird; blue; brownie; carey; day; eyes; feet; fire; good; green; guide; illustration; indian; leaves; life; like; little; man; mother; new; night; north; place; red; saw; set; snow; story; summer; tail; tale; tell; things; time; tree; use; way; white; wings; woodcraft; woods; year cache: 23667.txt plain text: 23667.txt item: #51 of 365 id: 23742 author: Unknown title: Charley's Museum A Story for Young People date: None words: 6965 flesch: 82 summary: YOUNG SHELLS. Mr. Brown went on taking more shells from his pocket and talking all the time. keywords: birds; brown; charley; good; illustration; museum; shell; uncle cache: 23742.txt plain text: 23742.txt item: #52 of 365 id: 25888 author: Beebe, William title: Edge of the Jungle date: None words: 61812 flesch: 68 summary: It was undoubtedly still there and nothing had been taken from it; but he had received no orders as to accretions, and so, to our infinite joy and entertainment, we found that in many ways it was not only near jungle, it _was_ jungle. With my hand-lens focused just beyond mandible reach of the biggest soldier, I leaned forward from my insulated chair, hovering like a great astral eye looking down at this marvelously important business of little lives. keywords: air; ants; army; attas; beneath; birds; bit; black; blue; body; butterflies; butterfly; color; day; days; earth; end; eyes; feet; flowers; foot; great; green; guiana; half; hammock; head; herons; high; home; hour; human; insects; jungle; larvæ; leaf; leaves; legs; life; lines; linné; living; mind; minutes; moment; nest; new; night; passing; past; place; rest; roots; sand; second; small; sound; sun; surface; things; thought; time; tree; water; way; white; wind; wings; world; years; yellow cache: 25888.txt plain text: 25888.txt item: #53 of 365 id: 26009 author: Biart, Lucien title: Adventures of a Young Naturalist date: None words: 100428 flesch: 78 summary: L'Encuerado could name the churches and streets; at last Lucien discovered his home, which was easily recognizable by the magnificent orange-tree. I kissed poor Lucien, and comforted him as well as I could, assisted by l'Encuerado, who soon afterwards took him off to look after our roast rabbit. keywords: air; animal; appearance; birds; bivouac; black; boy; branches; chanito; chapter; close; companions; course; cut; dark; day; dog; eyes; feet; fire; forest; friend; good; gringalet; ground; gun; hand; head; hour; hut; illustration; indian; insects; journey; kind; l'encuerado; leaves; left; look; lucien; mountain; night; order; place; plant; set; stream; sumichrast; sun; terre; thing; time; tree; water; way; white; wood; work; young cache: 26009.txt plain text: 26009.txt item: #54 of 365 id: 26076 author: Urban, Emil K. title: Birds from Coahuila, Mexico date: None words: 38043 flesch: 80 summary: Aldrich and Duvall (1955:17) indicated that _squamata_ and _castanogastris_ intergrade near Sabinas. Therefore the KU specimen seems to be the first record of _A. s. suttoni_ in Coahuila. keywords: april; birds; breeding; burleigh; carmen; coahuila; del; diamante; feet; female; friedmann; gms; griscom; july; june; las; lowery; male; march; miller; moore; pass; sabinas; saltillo; san; sierra; sierra del; size; specimens; state; subspecies; sutton; testes; weight cache: 26076.txt plain text: 26076.txt item: #55 of 365 id: 26331 author: Herford, Oliver title: A Child's Primer of Natural History date: None words: 2299 flesch: 98 summary: If there were not a wolf, what good Would be the tale of RID-ING-HOOD? The Lit-tle Child from sin will fly When told the wick-ed Wolf is nigh; And when, ar-rived at Man's es-tate, He hears the Wolf out-side his gate, He knows it's time to put a-way I-dle fri-vol-i-ty and play. His chief de-light it is to set A good example: shine or wet keywords: child; day; ing cache: 26331.txt plain text: 26331.txt item: #56 of 365 id: 26438 author: Ball, W. P. (William Platt) title: Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? An Examination of the View Held by Spencer and Darwin date: None words: 25613 flesch: 55 summary: Nay, we may even have to admit that, in two points out of four, the _inherited_ effect of use and disuse on successive generations is exactly opposite to the immediate effect on the individual. According to Darwin's own views, natural selection _must_ at least have played an important part in reducing the wings; for he holds that natural selection is continually trying to economize every part of the organization. keywords: animals; bones; cases; cent; darwin; disuse; effects; evolution; habits; individual; inheritance; jaws; nature; offspring; parts; plants; selection; spencer; teeth; use; variation; weight; wings cache: 26438.txt plain text: 26438.txt item: #57 of 365 id: 26516 author: Beebe, William title: The Log of the Sun: A Chronicle of Nature's Year date: None words: 64511 flesch: 72 summary: Other little birds, as small as the wren, call to us from the pines and cedars--golden-crowned kinglets, olive-green of body, while on their heads burns a crest of orange and gold. INSECT PIRATES AND SUBMARINES Far out on the ocean, when the vessel is laboriously making her way through the troughs and over the crests of the great waves, little birds, black save for a patch of white on the lower back, are a common sight, flying with quick irregular wing-beats, close to the surface of the troubled waters. keywords: air; animals; birds; black; body; brown; cold; colour; creatures; day; days; earth; eggs; eyes; fall; feathers; feet; fish; food; form; gray; green; ground; half; hand; head; home; insects; land; leaves; life; like; living; look; man; marsh; nature; near; nest; new; night; north; place; plumage; sea; snow; song; sound; sparrow; species; spring; summer; surface; tail; time; tree; watch; water; way; white; wild; wings; winter; woods; word; year; yellow; young cache: 26516.txt plain text: 26516.txt item: #58 of 365 id: 26542 author: Wortman, Jacob Lawson title: On The Affinities of Leptarctus primus of Leidy American Museum of Natural History, Vol. VI, Article VIII, pp. 229-331. date: None words: 923 flesch: 70 summary: The jaw of _Leptarctus_ differs from that of _Cercoleptes_ in the following characters: the coronoid is broader and of less vertical extent; the condyle is not placed so high; the angle is elevated above the lower border of the ramus, which is straight and not concave as it is in _Cercoleptes_. Cercoleptes_ again resembles _Leptarctus_ in having only three premolars in the lower jaw; the middle one, however, has only a single cusp upon the crown, whereas _Leptarctus_ has two. keywords: jaw; leptarctus cache: 26542.txt plain text: 26542.txt item: #59 of 365 id: 27022 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Subspecies of the Black Myotis (Bat) from Eastern Mexico date: None words: 911 flesch: 66 summary: SE Jesús Carranza, and finally length of forearm and cranial measurements of eight female topotypes of _M. n. extremus_, are as follows: Total length, 80 (77-82), 76 (72-80); length of tail, 32.8 (30-35), 33.5 (31-35); hind foot, 7.9 (7-8), 8.0 (8-8); forearm, 34.2 (33.6-35.3), 35.1 (33.1-36.4), 33.1 (31.8-34.3); greatest length of skull (including incisors), 13.8 (13.3-14.1), 13.6 (13.2-14.1), 12.9 (12.6-13.1); zygomatic breadth, 8.1 (7.9-8.4), 8.1 (7.9-8.3), 8.0 (only one can be measured); width of rostrum above canines, 3.2 (3.1-3.3), 3.2 (3.0-3.4), 3.1 (3.0-3.2); interorbital constriction, 3.6 (3.5-3.7), 3.6 (3.5-3.8), 3.4 (3.3-3.4); occipital depth (excluding auditory bullae and sagittal crest), 4.6 (4.4-4.8), 4.6 (4.3-4.9), 4.3 (4.1-4.6); maxillary tooth-row (C-M3), 5.0 (4.8-5.1), 5.0 (4.8-5.2), 4.7 (4.6-4.8); maxillary breadth at M3, 5.2 (5.1-5.4), 5.3 (5.1-5.5), 5.1 (4.8-5.2). Collections of mammals made in recent years for the Museum of Natural History of The University of Kansas include specimens of _M. nigricans_ from eastern Mexico as far north as Tamaulipas. keywords: dalquesti; myotis cache: 27022.txt plain text: 27022.txt item: #60 of 365 id: 27213 author: Younghusband, Francis Edward, Sir title: The Heart of Nature; or, The Quest for Natural Beauty date: None words: 67450 flesch: 71 summary: And with all this wide _general_ kindliness he will be something more than merely amiable and good-natured, and will have capacity for intense devotion for _particular_ men and women. It was an experience the like of which has come to many men and many women in every land in all ages. keywords: activity; animals; artist; beauty; birds; blue; colour; country; day; earth; end; england; feel; feet; flowers; forest; form; heart; himalaya; ideal; knowledge; life; love; man; men; mountains; nature; plants; power; region; river; rose; sense; sikkim; soul; species; spirit; stars; surroundings; time; trees; valley; variety; view; want; way; white; world cache: 27213.txt plain text: 27213.txt item: #61 of 365 id: 2739 author: Darwin, Charles title: More Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 1 A Record of His Work in a Series of Hitherto Unpublished Letters date: None words: 198293 flesch: 73 summary: This they at once obtain by acquiring a resemblance to other species which, from whatever cause, enjoy a comparative immunity from persecution. But supposing for an instant, in this and other such cases, that the record of the first appearance and disappearance of the species was perfect, we have no reason to believe that forms successively produced necessarily endure for corresponding lengths of time. keywords: account; america; animals; answer; april; arctic; article; australia; birds; book; british; case; change; chapter; charles; conditions; country; course; darwin; day; december; difficulty; discussion; distribution; doubt; edition; etc; evidence; facts; february; flora; following; forms; genera; genus; glacial; good; gray; half; hear; history; hooker; hope; huxley; insects; interest; islands; j.d; january; journal; july; kind; letter; life; london; look; lyell; man; march; means; men; mind; natural; nature; new; note; november; number; opinion; origin; owen; page; paper; parts; passage; period; plants; point; present; question; read; reading; reference; relation; remarks; respect; review; science; sea; second; seeds; selection; sir; society; south; species; state; sterility; subject; thank; theory; thought; time; understand; use; variation; varieties; views; volume; wallace; want; water; way; wish; work; world; years cache: 2739.txt plain text: 2739.txt item: #62 of 365 id: 2740 author: Darwin, Charles title: More Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2 A Record of His Work in a Series of Hitherto Unpublished Letters date: None words: 213177 flesch: 74 summary: This was no doubt the point most disturbing to Mr. Darwin, since it led Lord Kelvin to ask (as quoted by Huxley), Are modern geologists prepared to say that all life was killed off the earth 50,000, 100,000, or 200,000 years ago? The ocelli on the wing feathers were favourite objects of Mr. Darwin, and sometimes formed the subject of the little lectures which on rare occasions he would give to a visitor interested in Natural History. keywords: -and; -in; -mentioned; -of; -on; account; action; address; agassiz; america; animals; association; birds; book; british; case; certain; charles; colour; common; course; crossing; darwin; day; descent; difference; difficulty; distribution; doubt; edition; effect; elevation; evidence; experiments; expression; facts; feet; female; fertilisation; find; flora; flowers; following; forms; genera; geological; geology; glacial; glaciers; glen; good; gray; half; head; history; hooker; hope; huxley; ice; iii; insects; interest; islands; j.d; journal; kind; leaves; letter; life; london; look; lord; lyell; man; manner; march; mind; movement; muller; nature; near; new; note; november; number; observations; opinion; orchids; origin; page; paper; parallel; parts; period; plants; point; pollen; position; power; present; prof; professor; read; remarks; respect; review; right; rocks; roy; royal; science; scott; sea; seeds; selection; self; sir; soc; society; south; species; stamens; state; stigma; structure; subject; surface; thank; theory; thought; time; use; variation; views; volcanic; volume; wallace; want; water; way; wish; work; worth; writing; years cache: 2740.txt plain text: 2740.txt item: #63 of 365 id: 28380 author: Bettany, G. T. (George Thomas) title: Life of Charles Darwin date: None words: 59981 flesch: 70 summary: The letter, dated June 30, 1858, in which the announcement was conveyed to the Linnean Society, deserves quotation, as being the authoritative and accurate record of the circumstances which launched the Origin of Species upon the world: The accompanying papers, which we have the honour of communicating to the Linnean Society, and which all relate to the same subject, viz., 'The Laws which affect the Production of Varieties, Races, and Species,' contain the results of the investigations of two indefatigable naturalists, Mr. Charles Darwin and Mr. Alfred Wallace. In consequence, says Fitzroy, an offer was made to Mr. Darwin to be my guest on board, which he accepted conditionally. keywords: 8vo; america; animals; author; beagle; book; cambridge; chapter; charles darwin; coral; darwin; der; descent; edition; etc; evolution; expression; facts; fertilisation; forms; geology; great; habits; history; insects; islands; journal; life; living; london; lyell; magazine; man; men; mind; monthly; n.s; naturalist; nature; new; observations; origin; place; plants; power; professor; read; reefs; review; science; second; selection; series; sir; society; south; species; structure; study; subject; theory; thought; time; und; views; vol; voyage; work; world; years; young cache: 28380.txt plain text: 28380.txt item: #64 of 365 id: 28471 author: Morris, Charles title: Man And His Ancestor: A Study In Evolution date: None words: 58302 flesch: 61 summary: It was probably much smaller than existing man, little if any more than four feet in height and not more than half the weight of man. There are races of existing men whose powers of language seem still in the transition stage between articulate and inarticulate speech. keywords: ancestor; animals; anthropoid; ape; apes; arms; body; brain; case; conditions; degree; development; early; evidence; evolution; fact; find; forest; form; human; language; life; man; mind; nature; new; origin; period; place; powers; progress; pygmies; race; result; size; social; species; stage; thought; time; use; world cache: 28471.txt plain text: 28471.txt item: #65 of 365 id: 28775 author: Punnett, Reginald Crundall title: Mendelism Third Edition date: None words: 44501 flesch: 64 summary: Although different factors may act together to produce specific results in the zygote through their interaction, yet in all the cases we have hitherto considered the heredity of each of the different factors is entirely independent. grossulariata_ female as identical with that of the F_1 female, _i.e._ as heterozygous for the _grossulariata_ factor as well as for the factor for femaleness. keywords: birds; black; brown; case; characters; colour; cross; dominant; f_1; f_2; factor; female; fig; form; gametes; generation; heterozygous; male; nature; pea; plants; pollen; present; purple; series; white; | +; | | cache: 28775.txt plain text: 28775.txt item: #66 of 365 id: 28852 author: Jackson, William B. title: Seventeen Species of Bats Recorded from Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal Zone date: None words: 1629 flesch: 73 summary: Six species of bats were recorded from Barro Colorado Island by Professor Robert K. Enders in his Mammalian Life Histories from Barro Colorado Island, Panamá (Bull. Seventeen Species of Bats Recorded from Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal Zone BY E. RAYMOND HALL and WILLIAM B. JACKSON University of Kansas Publications Museum of Natural History Volume 5, No. 37, pp. keywords: april; bats; grams; island; jackson; species cache: 28852.txt plain text: 28852.txt item: #67 of 365 id: 28864 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Subspecies of Microtus montanus from Montana and Comments on Microtus canicaudus Miller date: None words: 1965 flesch: 60 summary: The geographic range of _M. m. nanus_ adjoins that of _M. m. pratincolus_ on three sides; there is no conspecific subspecies adjoining the range of _M. m. pratincolus_ on the north. Although we have not examined the specimen reported upon by Davis (Murrelet, 18:26, September 4, 1937) from Canyon Creek, a few miles west of Hamilton, Montana, we think that it will be found to belong to _M. m. pratincolus_. keywords: canicaudus; microtus; montanus; specimens cache: 28864.txt plain text: 28864.txt item: #68 of 365 id: 28874 author: Kelson, Keith R. title: Comments on the Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of Some North American Rabbits date: None words: 2862 flesch: 59 summary: X, fig. 2) figured one of these skulls from the Hualpai Mountains as _S. n. pinetis_ and the cranial measurements (_op. cit._:201) that he records for _S. nuttallii pinetis_ likewise are of these same specimens of _Sylvilagus floridanus holzneri_. Also, the holotype of _S. f. holzneri_ differs from _S. n. pinetis_ and agrees with other specimens of _S. f. holzneri_ from farther southwest in Arizona in the robustness of the posterior extensions of the supraorbital processes and in the considerable degree of fusion of the tips of these processes with the squamosals. keywords: floridanus; nelson; specimens; sylvilagus cache: 28874.txt plain text: 28874.txt item: #69 of 365 id: 28897 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) date: None words: 225132 flesch: 59 summary: des Anomalies,' tom. i., 1832, pp. 435, 657; and tom. ii. des Anomalies,' 1832, tom. i. keywords: action; analogous; animals; appearance; b. ii; birds; black; body; breeding; breeds; bud; buds; captivity; cases; cattle; cause; cells; certain; change; chapter; characters; climate; close; colour; common; conditions; crossing; degree; development; difference; dogs; domestic; domestication; double; doubt; effects; facts; family; feathers; female; feral; fertility; flowers; form; fowls; fruit; gemmules; general; generations; good; growth; hand; horses; hybrids; i. 364; i. 387; i. p.; i. pp; individuals; inheritance; instance; interbreeding; journal; kinds; life; like; male; manner; nature; new; number; offspring; organs; origin; parent; parts; period; pigeons; pigs; plants; pollen; power; present; produce; production; rabbits; races; remarks; respect; result; reversion; seed; selection; self; sheep; single; size; soc; species; state; sterile; sterility; structure; subject; tendency; time; tom; trees; variability; variation; varieties; variety; view; vol; wheat; white; wild; years; young cache: 28897.txt plain text: 28897.txt item: #70 of 365 id: 29122 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: Mammals Obtained by Dr. Curt von Wedel from the Barrier Beach of Tamaulipas, Mexico date: None words: 5201 flesch: 69 summary: resembles _D. o. compactus_ in external proportions and _D. o. parvabullatus_ in cranial proportions. resembles _D. o. sennetti_ in external proportions and _D. o. compactus_ in cranial proportions. keywords: californicus; color; island; length; lepus; specimens cache: 29122.txt plain text: 29122.txt item: #71 of 365 id: 29141 author: Montague, H. Gordon title: Two New Pocket Gophers from Wyoming and Colorado date: None words: 2432 flesch: 70 summary: Although large, this skull has the slender proportions of _attenuatus_ to which the specimen is tentatively referred. W Pine Bluffs) to the eastward, _T. t. attenuatus_ differs in smaller size throughout and more slender skull. keywords: colorado; t. t.; wyoming cache: 29141.txt plain text: 29141.txt item: #72 of 365 id: 29201 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: Comments on the Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of North American Microtines date: None words: 7710 flesch: 72 summary: A comparison of six adult topotypes of _Microtus aztecus_ with a series of nine adults of _M. p. modestus_ from 1 mi. S, 2 mi. _wrangeli_ show a close relationship to any other American species. keywords: clethrionomys; county; e |; gapperi; microtus; n |; o |; occidentalis; specimens; subspecies; type; washington; | l; | | cache: 29201.txt plain text: 29201.txt item: #73 of 365 id: 2921 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Present Condition of Organic Nature Lecture I. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 6891 flesch: 52 summary: So that, you see, there comes out this strange conclusion as the result of our investigations, that the Horse, when examined and compared with other animals, is found by no means to stand alone in nature; but that there are an enormous number of other creatures which have backbones, ribs, and legs, and other parts arranged in the same general manner, and in all their formation exhibiting the same broad peculiarities. But there are multitudes of other animals, such as crabs, lobsters, spiders, and so on, which we term Annulosa. keywords: animal; body; bones; horse; living; matter; organic; parts; world cache: 2921.txt plain text: 2921.txt item: #74 of 365 id: 2922 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Past Condition of Organic Nature Lecture II. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 6766 flesch: 53 summary: It is, indeed, a most remarkable fact, that it is quite an exceptional case to find a skeleton of any one of all the thousands of wild land animals that we know are constantly being killed, or dying in the course of nature: they are preyed on and devoured by other animals or die in places where their bodies are not afterwards protected by mud. There are other animals existing in the sea, the shells of which form exceedingly large deposits. keywords: animals; earth; history; mud; nature; record; sea; time cache: 2922.txt plain text: 2922.txt item: #75 of 365 id: 2923 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Method by Which the Causes of the Present and Past Conditions of Organic Nature Are to Be Discovered; the Origination of Living Beings Lecture III. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 8412 flesch: 56 summary: He sees an enormous mass of facts and laws relating to organic beings, which stand on the same good sound foundation as every other natural law; and therefore, with this mass of facts and laws before us, therefore, seeing that, as far as organic matters have hitherto been accessible and studied, they have shown themselves capable of yielding to scientific investigation, we may accept this as proof that order and law reign there as well as in the rest of nature; and the man of science says nothing to objectors of this sort, but supposes that we can and shall walk to a knowledge of the origin of organic nature, in the same way that we have walked to a knowledge of the laws and principles of the inorganic world. There are many men who, though knowing absolutely nothing of the subject with which they may be dealing, wish, nevertheless, to damage the author of some view with which they think fit to disagree. keywords: air; hypothesis; kind; life; man; nature; phenomena; way cache: 2923.txt plain text: 2923.txt item: #76 of 365 id: 2924 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Perpetuation of Living Beings, Hereditary Transmission and Variation Lecture IV. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 6512 flesch: 54 summary: That was a case of spontaneous variation. There are all sorts of intermixtures and intermediate conditions between the two, where complexion, or beauty, or fifty other different peculiarities belonging to either side of the house, are reproduced in other members of the same family. keywords: case; great; offspring; perpetuation; sheep; tendency; variation cache: 2924.txt plain text: 2924.txt item: #77 of 365 id: 2925 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Conditions of Existence as Affecting the Perpetuation of Living Beings Lecture V. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 7571 flesch: 53 summary: It is the same in nature; every species has its bridge of Beresina; it has to fight its way through and struggle with other species; and when well nigh overpowered, it may be that the smallest chance, something in its colour, perhaps--the minutest circumstance--will turn the scale one way or the other. Suppose that by a variation of the black race it had produced the white man at any time--you know that the Negroes are said to believe this to have been the case, and to imagine that Cain was the first white man, and that we are his descendants--suppose that this had ever happened, and that the first residence of this human being was on the West Coast of Africa. And if you turn to other animals there is just the same thing. keywords: animals; case; conditions; nature; plant; species; varieties cache: 2925.txt plain text: 2925.txt item: #78 of 365 id: 2926 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: A Critical Examination of the Position of Mr. Darwin's Work, "On the Origin of Species," in Relation to the Complete Theory of the Causes of the Phenomena of Organic Nature Lecture VI. (of VI.), "Lectures to Working Men", at the Museum of Practical Geology, 1863, on Darwin's Work: "Origin of Species" date: None words: 7010 flesch: 46 summary: The first question Mr. Darwin does not touch; he does not deal with it at all; but he says--given the origin of organic matter--supposing its creation to have already taken place, my object is to show in consequence of what laws and what demonstrable properties of organic matter, and of its environments, such states of organic nature as those with which we are acquainted must have come about. And, although I have had frequent occasion to quote Mr. Darwin--as all persons hereafter, in speaking upon these subjects, will have occasion to quote his famous book on the Origin of Species,--you must yet remember that, wherever I have quoted him, it has not been upon theoretical points, or for statements in any way connected with his particular speculations, but on matters of fact, brought forward by himself, or collected by himself, and which appear incidentally in his book. keywords: darwin; hypothesis; man; nature; phenomena; species cache: 2926.txt plain text: 2926.txt item: #79 of 365 id: 2929 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: The Origin of Species From 'The Westminster Review', April 1860 date: None words: 14184 flesch: 41 summary: On the other hand, there can be no doubt that the individuals of many natural species are either absolutely infertile if crossed with individuals of other species, or, if they give rise to hybrid offspring, the hybrids so produced are infertile when paired together. But it is not as yet proved that a race ever exhibits, when crossed with another race of the same species, those phenomena of hybridization which are exhibited by many species when crossed with other species. keywords: animals; darwin; fact; hypothesis; living; nature; offspring; origin; phenomena; plants; present; science; selection; species; stock; way cache: 2929.txt plain text: 2929.txt item: #80 of 365 id: 2930 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Criticisms on "The Origin of Species" From 'The Natural History Review', 1864 date: None words: 6602 flesch: 53 summary: For the notion that every organism has been created as it is and launched straight at a purpose, Mr. Darwin substitutes the conception of something which may fairly be termed a method of trial and error. On the contrary, Mr. Darwin writes (Summary of Chap. keywords: conditions; darwin; flourens; forms; kolliker; nature; organisms; professor cache: 2930.txt plain text: 2930.txt item: #81 of 365 id: 2931 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Evidence as to Man's Place in Nature date: None words: 17499 flesch: 63 summary: Although the Orang resides mostly amid the boughs of great trees, during the daytime, he is very rarely seen squatting on a thick branch, as other apes, and particularly the Gibbons, do. An Orang climbs so slowly and cautiously, [20] as, in this act, to resemble a man more than an ape, taking great care of his feet, so that injury of them seems to affect him far more than it does other apes. keywords: adult; animal; apes; arms; battell; body; chimpanzee; feet; footnote; gibbons; gorilla; ground; habits; hands; man; orang; pongo; river; savage; species; utan; years; young cache: 2931.txt plain text: 2931.txt item: #82 of 365 id: 2937 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Coral and Coral Reefs date: None words: 7107 flesch: 58 summary: Mariners have a name which they apply to all sorts of obstacles consisting of hard and rocky matter which comes in their way in the course of their navigation; they call such obstacles reefs, and they have long been in the habit of calling the particular kind of reef, which is formed by the accumulation of the skeletons of dead corals, by the name of coral reefs, therefore, those parts of the world in which these accumulations occur have been termed by them coral reef areas, or regions in which coral reefs are found. If these were the only reefs to be seen anywhere, the problem of the formation of coral reefs would never have been a difficult one. keywords: coral; kind; land; polypes; reef; sea; water cache: 2937.txt plain text: 2937.txt item: #83 of 365 id: 29422 author: Schmucker, Samuel Christian title: The Meaning of Evolution date: None words: 72470 flesch: 73 summary: The land, as yet, was probably nearly without animal life, the creatures thus far being almost confined to the water. Each was a chaos of the limbs which afterward were to belong to other animals which needed them more. keywords: age; animals; birds; blood; body; case; children; creatures; darwin; day; development; early; earth; eggs; evolution; find; food; form; god; ground; group; horse; idea; life; little; mammals; man; matter; men; mind; nature; new; number; past; people; plants; present; process; sparrow; species; teeth; theory; time; truth; water; way; work; world; years; young cache: 29422.txt plain text: 29422.txt item: #84 of 365 id: 29563 author: Jones, J. Knox title: Geographic Variation in the Harvest Mouse, Reithrodontomys megalotis, On the Central Great Plains And in Adjacent Regions date: None words: 7348 flesch: 77 summary: Topotypes of _nebrascensis_ that we have examined average only slightly paler than topotypes of _dychei_ in the same pelage (some specimens from each series can be matched almost exactly), and do not differ significantly in any external or cranial measurements. S Winnebago, 8. _Valley County_: 2 mi. keywords: aztecus; colorado; county; dychei; kansas; lawrence; length; megalotis; nebraska; nsm; pelage; reithrodontomys; specimens cache: 29563.txt plain text: 29563.txt item: #85 of 365 id: 29688 author: Janes, Donald W. title: Home Range and Movements of the Eastern Cottontail in Kansas date: None words: 7619 flesch: 73 summary: Fitch (1947) used a method for enclosing all points of capture in a circle or ellipse that represented the home range boundaries and expressed home range as the diameter of these figures. Stebler (1939) suggested the use of tracking records to determine home range. keywords: = =; acres; area; average; cent; cottontails; feet; home; home range; range; traps cache: 29688.txt plain text: 29688.txt item: #86 of 365 id: 29739 author: None title: Little Masterpieces of Science: The Naturalist as Interpreter and Seer date: None words: 42959 flesch: 57 summary: Blackbirds, starlings, and crows are occasionally seen white, as well as elephants, deer, tigers, hares, moles, and many other animals; but in no case is a permanent white race produced. Many other facts are, as it seems to me, explicable on this theory. keywords: animals; birds; cases; characters; colour; common; conditions; descent; evidence; evolution; facts; flowers; food; forms; general; genus; good; groups; horse; insects; leaves; life; man; manner; nature; new; origin; plants; present; scale; selection; series; species; structure; theory; time; trees; varieties; view; white; work; world; years cache: 29739.txt plain text: 29739.txt item: #87 of 365 id: 30217 author: Jones, J. Knox title: Pleistocene Bats from San Josecito Cave, Nuevo Leon, Mexico date: None words: 2281 flesch: 72 summary: o | r o specimens averaged | e | n n | g e | e a | a n | e r | a s | d g | o a | a i | s s | a a | t k | y t | m d | d n | t t | d m | e u | l h | a t | t c | r | t e | s l | o | t h | h a | 3. Lateral view of left upper incisor of _D. stocki_, LACM (CIT) 2950, × 2-1/2. keywords: cave; josecito; kansas; n |; pleistocene; san; | | cache: 30217.txt plain text: 30217.txt item: #88 of 365 id: 30249 author: Burroughs, John title: Ways of Nature date: None words: 72266 flesch: 75 summary: Probably in a state of wild nature birds never make mistakes, but where they come in contact with our civilization and are confronted by new conditions, they very naturally make mistakes. The woodpeckers, the jays, the cuckoos, the pewees, the warblers, and other wood birds show only a low degree of variability in song, feeding, and nesting habits. keywords: act; air; animals; birds; case; course; creatures; crow; day; dog; doubt; eggs; experience; fact; fear; feet; food; fox; ground; history; human; instinct; intelligence; kind; knowledge; life; man; matter; mind; mother; nature; nest; new; place; power; reason; result; robin; sense; song; species; spring; story; things; think; thought; time; tree; use; water; way; wild; woods; young cache: 30249.txt plain text: 30249.txt item: #89 of 365 id: 30260 author: Dalquest, Walter Woelber title: A New Doglike Carnivore, Genus Cynarctus, From the Clarendonian, Pliocene, of Texas date: None words: 849 flesch: 68 summary: al._, _C. fortidens_ and _C. crucidens_ are equivalent in age or _C. fortidens_ is the younger. The rounded summits of the principal cusps of the teeth of _C. fortidens_ suggests that it was mainly frugivorous instead of carnivorous--more frugivorous by far than the living gray fox, _Urocyon cinereoargenteus_, that is known to eat substantial amounts of fruits and berries. keywords: cynarctus; kansas cache: 30260.txt plain text: 30260.txt item: #90 of 365 id: 30297 author: Clemens, William Alvin title: Records of the Fossil Mammal Sinclairella, Family Apatemyidae, From the Chadronian and Orellan date: None words: 2595 flesch: 68 summary: Two fossils of Orellan age, found in northeastern Colorado and described here, demonstrate that the geochronological range of the Apatemyidae extends into the Middle Oligocene. Comments With the discovery of Orellan apatemyids the geochronological range of the family in North America is shown to extend from the Torrejonian through the Orellan land-mammal ages. keywords: = =; sinclairella; | | cache: 30297.txt plain text: 30297.txt item: #91 of 365 id: 30321 author: Fox, Richard C. title: The Adductor Muscles of the Jaw In Some Primitive Reptiles date: None words: 7612 flesch: 58 summary: Internal aspect of skull, showing masseter, medial adductor, and temporal muscles. With the development of the secondary palate the area previously available for the origin of large anterior pterygoid muscles was reduced. keywords: adductor; captorhinus; cheek; dimetrodon; jaw; muscles; process; pterygoid; skull; temporal cache: 30321.txt plain text: 30321.txt item: #92 of 365 id: 30429 author: Mott, Henry A. (Henry Augustus) title: Was Man Created? date: None words: 31527 flesch: 63 summary: Carnivora +-------------+ | | (_Land Animals | | Pterocynes of Prey_). The literal references to the foregoing are: _am_, amnion; _al_, allantois; _v_, vitellus; _h_, encephalon; _i_, eye; _c_, heart; _f_, liver; _g_, gizzard; _ms_, upper, and _mi_, lower member. keywords: animals; apes; beginning; body; cells; development; evolution; existence; fact; fig; force; form; god; heat; idea; illustration; life; living; man; mass; matter; nature; period; phenomena; plants; power; present; protoplasm; science; second; state; theory; thought; time; universe; water; world; | +; | | cache: 30429.txt plain text: 30429.txt item: #93 of 365 id: 30620 author: Fox, Richard C. title: Two New Pelycosaurs from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma date: None words: 3304 flesch: 62 summary: There is no caniniform enlargement of any of the teeth, the longest tooth of each fragment being differently placed in the series of teeth and little longer than the others. The mean extra-maxillary length of the undamaged teeth of the three fragments is 2.5 mm., equal to that reported by Vaughn (1958:985) for teeth about midway in the postcanine series of _Colobomycter_. keywords: = =; bones; maxilla; teeth; tooth cache: 30620.txt plain text: 30620.txt item: #94 of 365 id: 30701 author: Morgan, Thomas Hunt title: A Critique of the Theory of Evolution date: None words: 28080 flesch: 68 summary: The Characters of Wild Animals and Plants Follow the Same Laws of Inheritance as do the Characters of Domesticated Animals and Plants 59-84 a. Sexual Dimorphism 61-64 Eosin eye color of Drosophila 61-62 Color of the Clover Butterfly, Colias philodice 62-63 Color of Papilio turnus 63 Color pattern of Papilio polytes 63-64 b. Duplication of parts 65-66 Thorax of Drosophila 65 Legs of Drosophila 65-66 c. Loss of characters 66-68 Eyeless of Drosophila 66-67 Vestigial wings of Drosophila 67 Bar eye of Drosophila 67-68 d. Small changes of characters 68-70 Speck 68 Bristles of club 70 e. Manifold effects of same factor 71 f. This condition is very variable and much affected by other factors that influence the shape of the wings. keywords: animals; black; characters; chromosomes; color; cross; drosophila; evidence; evolution; eye; factors; female; fig; group; illustration; male; red; selection; white; wild; wings; | | cache: 30701.txt plain text: 30701.txt item: #95 of 365 id: 30898 author: Jones, J. Knox title: A New Bog Lemming (Genus Synaptomys) From Nebraska date: None words: 864 flesch: 53 summary: _S. c. relictus_, like _S. c. paludis_, represents a relict population of the more southwesterly distribution of the subgenus _ The nearest locality of record for S. c. _gossii_ to the east of the type locality of _relictus_ is at Hunter, Mitchell County, Kansas (see Cockrum, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. keywords: kansas; length; synaptomys cache: 30898.txt plain text: 30898.txt item: #96 of 365 id: 30916 author: Stains, Howard J. title: A New Long-eared Myotis (Myotis evotis) From Northeastern Mexico date: None words: 902 flesch: 66 summary: In these features, the Coahuilan animals are somewhat intermediate between typical _auriculus_ and _evotis_. Another specimen, similarly assigned by these authors and from the San Luis Mountains in northwestern Chihuahua, seems to be _M. e. evotis_, although the published measurements (_loc. keywords: auriculus; evotis; length cache: 30916.txt plain text: 30916.txt item: #97 of 365 id: 30942 author: Anderson, Sydney title: Extensions of Known Ranges of Mexican Bats date: None words: 1183 flesch: 73 summary: Bats from southern Tamaulipas, Mexico. S Piedra, 1200 ft., Tamaulipas, taken by Gerd H. Heinrich, on June 13, 1953, extends the known range of this species 76 miles east-northeast (Goodwin, 1954:4), previously the most northern recorded occurrence in northeastern Mexico. keywords: range; species; tamaulipas cache: 30942.txt plain text: 30942.txt item: #98 of 365 id: 30997 author: Stains, Howard J. title: A New Bat (Genus Leptonycteris) From Coahuila date: None words: 1077 flesch: 69 summary: Mamm., 33:236, 1952) identified as _L. n. nivalis_ one bat from Morelos, taken approximately 32 miles NE of the type locality of _yerbabuenae_, noting that its third finger was much shorter than in specimens from the Big Bend of Texas. Little discernible geographic variation was found in these specimens of _L. n. nivalis_. keywords: coahuila; nivalis; specimens cache: 30997.txt plain text: 30997.txt item: #99 of 365 id: 30998 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: A New Bat (Genus Pipistrellus) from Northeastern Mexico date: None words: 620 flesch: 66 summary: A specimen (KU 60296) assigned to _P. s. subflavus_ from Rancho Pano Ayuctle, el. 300 ft., 6 mi. Of the specimens assigned to _clarus_ (all taken in May and June), only two are sufficiently dark to compare favorably with examples of typical _subflavus_. keywords: clarus; kansas; subflavus cache: 30998.txt plain text: 30998.txt item: #100 of 365 id: 30999 author: White, John A. title: A New Chipmunk (Genus Eutamias) from the Black Hills date: None words: 787 flesch: 68 summary: Eutamias minimus borealis_ actually belong to a heretofore unnamed subspecies which may be named and described as follows: #Eutamias minimus silvaticus# new subspecies _Type._--Female, adult, skull and skin, No. 20050 Mus. Eutamias minimus borealis_ (specimens from 1 mi. keywords: kansas; length cache: 30999.txt plain text: 30999.txt item: #101 of 365 id: 31011 author: Smith, Hobart M. (Hobart Muir) title: The Tadpoles of Bufo cognatus Say date: None words: 482 flesch: 69 summary: The Tadpoles of Bufo cognatus Say BY HOBART M. SMITH University of Kansas Publications Museum of Natural History Volume 1, No. 3, pp. 93-96, 1 figure in text August 15, 1946 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1946 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, Donald S. Farner, Donald F. Hoffmeister Volume 1, No. 3, pp. to 31 mm., and several transforming specimens which clearly possess the pattern so typical of this species. keywords: kansas; tadpoles cache: 31011.txt plain text: 31011.txt item: #102 of 365 id: 31020 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Subspecies of Pocket Mouse from Kansas date: None words: 807 flesch: 67 summary: flavescens_ from western Kansas and _P. f. cockrumi_ from south-central Kansas but show more resemblance to the latter and therefore are referred to _ Kansas Mus. keywords: flavescens; kansas; perognathus cache: 31020.txt plain text: 31020.txt item: #103 of 365 id: 31025 author: Russell, Robert J. title: A New Species of Pocket Gopher (Genus Pappogeomys) From Jalisco, México date: None words: 1137 flesch: 56 summary: In view of the absolute quality of the differences between _P. alcorni_ and _P. bulleri_, it seems best to regard the former as a species, rather than as a subspecies of _P. bulleri_. The conspicuous nasal patch of _P. alcorni_ is large and bright cinnamon or buffy, and, although the nasal patch may be large in some subspecies of _P. bulleri_, in each specimen possessing the patch the hairs are whitish with little or no trace of pigmentation. keywords: alcorni; enamel cache: 31025.txt plain text: 31025.txt item: #104 of 365 id: 31035 author: Anderson, Sydney title: Mammals of Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado date: None words: 16996 flesch: 76 summary: (labels on some specimens read West Bank Mancos River, Northeast side Mesa Verde National Park), 69361-69376, 76185-76204; Sect. 27, head of east fork Navajo Canyon, 7900 ft., 69377-69380, 69422-69426; 3 mi. in text July 24, 1961 Mammals of Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado BY SYDNEY ANDERSON UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1961 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, Henry S. Fitch, Robert W. Wilson Volume 14, No. 3, pp. keywords: august; canyon; colorado; examined._--total; feet; figures; mancos; mesa; mesa verde; morfield; museum; north; november; park; point; prairie; prater; prater canyon; rock; species; specimens; springs; text; verde cache: 31035.txt plain text: 31035.txt item: #105 of 365 id: 31040 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: The Pigmy Woodrat, Neotoma goldmani, Its Distribution and Systematic Position date: None words: 904 flesch: 66 summary: Dorsal, end (proximal), and lateral views of the baculum of _Neotoma goldmani_, adult, No. 40758 KU, × 5.] Measurements (in millimeters) of the mature baculum (fig. 2, No. 40758 KU) are: total length, 6.2; lateral diameter of base, 2.6; dorso-ventral diameter of base, 1.4; lateral diameter of the shaft near the middle of the bone, 0.6. Cranially, instead of resembling the _lepida_ group (including _Neotoma stephensi_), _goldmani_ looks more nearly like a miniature _albigula_ (specimens of _albigula_ from Coahuila). keywords: albigula; goldmani; neotoma cache: 31040.txt plain text: 31040.txt item: #106 of 365 id: 31046 author: Cockrum, E. Lendell title: A New Pocket Mouse (Genus Perognathus) from Kansas date: None words: 886 flesch: 67 summary: Castle Rock, 1. _Trego County_: Wakeeney, 3. _Hamilton County_: 1 mi. From topotypes of _P. f. piperi_ from 23 miles southwest of Newcastle, Weston County, Wyoming, _P. f. bunkeri_ differs as follows: keywords: county; kansas; length cache: 31046.txt plain text: 31046.txt item: #107 of 365 id: 31050 author: Eaton, Theodore H. (Theodore Hildreth) title: A New Order of Fishlike Amphibia From the Pennsylvanian of Kansas date: None words: 6761 flesch: 62 summary: | Dors.-vent. | Transv. keywords: bones; edge; fig; hesperoherpeton; lateral; peabody; surface cache: 31050.txt plain text: 31050.txt item: #108 of 365 id: 31063 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: Two New Moles (Genus Scalopus) from Mexico and Texas date: None words: 1841 flesch: 70 summary: Even so, these counties are widely separated geographically from the range of other moles designated as _S. a. texanus_ (see Davis, Amer. Midl. Comparison._--From adults of comparable age from Rockport, Aransas County, Texas, _S. a. texanus_ differs in: Rostrum broader and heavier; lower jaws heavier; palatine space wider, with upper tooth-rows more arched laterally; individual teeth in both jaws larger, especially fourth premolar and molars. keywords: nat; scalopus; texanus cache: 31063.txt plain text: 31063.txt item: #109 of 365 id: 31084 author: Anderson, Sydney title: Neotropical Bats from Western México date: None words: 2797 flesch: 69 summary: Additional specimens of _A. hirsutus_ from Sonora, Sinaloa, and Chihuahua, and specimens of _A. lituratus_ In size, as shown in measurements below, in darkness of ventral pelage, and in cranial features the specimens from Sinaloa agree with those from Guerrero, and differ from specimens of _ keywords: females; length; males; specimens cache: 31084.txt plain text: 31084.txt item: #110 of 365 id: 31088 author: Findley, James S. (James Smith) title: Taxonomy and Distribution of Some American Shrews date: None words: 1528 flesch: 65 summary: The Las Adjuntas specimen was taken only 10 miles southwest of El Salto, Durango, the type locality of _S. durangae_ Jackson. Sorex_ leads me to conclude that _S. milleri_ is most closely related to_ S. cinereus_ keywords: breadth; sorex; specimens cache: 31088.txt plain text: 31088.txt item: #111 of 365 id: 31089 author: Kelson, Keith R. title: The Subspecies of the Mexican Red-Bellied Squirrel, Sciurus aureogaster date: None words: 1907 flesch: 63 summary: cit._:43 and 44) to differ from _S. a. aureogaster_ in darker color, thinner pelage, much stiffer and more shining dorsal hairs, slenderer tail with black predominating, larger and proportionately narrower skull with larger auditory bullae, each bulla being slightly constricted just in front of middle. NW Piedras Negras in Veracruz, although obtained from localities well within the geographic range of _S. a. aureogaster_ keywords: aureogaster; sciurus; specimens cache: 31089.txt plain text: 31089.txt item: #112 of 365 id: 31136 author: Jones, J. Knox title: Distribution of Some Nebraskan Mammals date: None words: 2810 flesch: 71 summary: While not so dark in dorsal coloration as some specimens of _E. f. fuscus_ from eastern Nebraska (Cass and Sarpy counties), this specimen is noticeably darker than a series of _E. f. pallidus_ from Ft. Niobrara Wildlife Refuge, 4 mi. It seems best to assign these two bats from the vicinity of Niobrara, Knox County, to _E. f. fuscus_. keywords: county; kansas; nebraska; river; specimens cache: 31136.txt plain text: 31136.txt item: #113 of 365 id: 31141 author: Russell, Robert J. title: Four New Pocket Gophers of the Genus Cratogeomys from Jalisco, Mexico date: None words: 2628 flesch: 49 summary: Among named subspecies of _C. gymnurus_, the skull of _tellus_ most closely resembles that of _atratus_, and, although they differ greatly in size, _C. g. tellus_ seems to be the closest relative of _C. g. atratus_. Previously _C. gymnurus_ was known only from southern Jalisco and _C. zinseri_ only from extreme eastern Jalisco, but through the efforts of J. R. Alcorn specimens were obtained of both species in the central part of the state. keywords: breadth; length; skull cache: 31141.txt plain text: 31141.txt item: #114 of 365 id: 31147 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Bat (Myotis) From Mexico date: None words: 645 flesch: 55 summary: From _M. c. mexicanus_ that occurs to the north, west, and south of the type locality of _M. elegans_ the latter further differs in darker color, paler ears, paler flight membranes, and lesser size, including skull. Differences from _M. nigricans_ of the same region include reddish instead of black pelage, smaller hind foot, smaller skull, rostrum smaller in relation to remainder of skull, narrower interorbital region, and absence of a sagittal crest. keywords: length; skull cache: 31147.txt plain text: 31147.txt item: #115 of 365 id: 31148 author: Finley, Robert B. title: A New Subspecies of Wood Rat (Neotoma mexicana) from Colorado date: None words: 2699 flesch: 61 summary: _N. m. scopulorum_ differs from _inopinata_ also in paler upper incisors and less prominent basicranial ridges. Two other wood rats (_N. albigula warreni_ and _N. micropus canescens_) occur at many of the same localities as _N. m. scopulorum_. keywords: fallax; length; pelage; scopulorum cache: 31148.txt plain text: 31148.txt item: #116 of 365 id: 31149 author: Finley, Robert B. title: A New Piñon Mouse (Peromyscus truei) from Durango, Mexico date: None words: 1311 flesch: 63 summary: Remarks._--The tail of _P. t. erasmus_ varies greatly in color, being either bicolor or unicolor, dark gray above and varying from white to dark gray below. P. t. erasmus_ has evolved from _P. t. gentilis_ by natural selection for concealing coloration on the dark lavas northeast of Durango, México. keywords: durango; length cache: 31149.txt plain text: 31149.txt item: #117 of 365 id: 31152 author: Russell, Robert J. title: Pleistocene Pocket Gophers From San Josecito Cave, Nuevo Leon, Mexico date: None words: 2914 flesch: 67 summary: The rostrum in _Cratogeomys perotensis_ (and in other species of the _merriami_ group) is relatively much broader than in _ Heterogeomys_; the materials are described below. keywords: = =; cave; cratogeomys; heterogeomys; josecito; san; species cache: 31152.txt plain text: 31152.txt item: #118 of 365 id: 31175 author: Webb, Robert G. title: A New Species of Frog (Genus Tomodactylus) from Western México date: None words: 1980 flesch: 60 summary: Tomodactylus saxatilis_ differs from _nitidus_, _angustidigitorum_ and _grandis_ in having the tips of the two outer fingers widened and truncate; _saxatilis_ differs from _dilatus_, _albolabris_, _fuscus_ and _rufescens_ in having a smooth venter (not pustulate), a contrasting pale and dark marbled pattern on the back, and a lack of flash colors on the femora. petrophilus_ more than it does other species; all four attain large maximal sizes, and have lumbar glands, mostly smooth ventral surfaces, three palmar tubercles (sometimes absent in _saxatilis_), and usually contrasting dorsal patterns (reduced to flecks and spots in all species except _saxatilis_). keywords: glands; lumbar; saxatilis; species; tomodactylus cache: 31175.txt plain text: 31175.txt item: #119 of 365 id: 31220 author: Vaughan, Terry A. title: A New Subspecies of Bat (Myotis velifer) from Southeastern California and Arizona date: None words: 1849 flesch: 74 summary: The pelage of _Myotis velifer brevis_ is shorter than that of either _M. v. velifer_ or _ Myotis velifer brevis_ differs in: Size smaller; color slightly darker; skull smaller. keywords: = =; male; velifer cache: 31220.txt plain text: 31220.txt item: #120 of 365 id: 31221 author: Duellman, William Edward title: The Genera of Phyllomedusine Frogs (Anura: Hylidae) date: None words: 2568 flesch: 63 summary: Many groups of _Hyla_ in this area (for example, the _Hyla boans_ and _Hyla marmorata_ groups) are equally as arboreal in their habits as are the species of _Agalychnis_ in Central America. DISCUSSION Noble (1931) considered the species of _Phyllomedusa_ having opposable digits, reduced terminal discs, and no webbing to be advanced and such species as _Agalychnis moreleti_, _calcarifer_, and _spurrelli_ to be primitive. keywords: agalychnis; america; boulenger; cope; frogs; genus; hylids; phyllomedusa; species cache: 31221.txt plain text: 31221.txt item: #121 of 365 id: 31224 author: Jones, J. Knox title: Geographic Distribution of the Pocket Mouse, Perognathus fasciatus date: None words: 3948 flesch: 73 summary: A specimen from Ft. Steele, Wyoming, shows approach to _P. f. litus_ in pale dorsal coloration. P. f. callistus_ keywords: = =; county; fasciatus; perognathus; specimens; usbs; | | cache: 31224.txt plain text: 31224.txt item: #122 of 365 id: 31235 author: Long, Charles Alan title: Natural History of the Brush Mouse (Peromyscus boylii) in Kansas With Description of a New Subspecies date: None words: 3731 flesch: 76 summary: attwateri_, the subspecies geographically nearest _cansensis_, the latter can be easily distinguished by the less protuberant eyes and relatively shorter tail (91 per cent of length of head and body; in topotypes of _P. b. attwateri_ from Kerr County, Texas, 104 per cent; in specimens of _P. b. attwateri_ from Cherokee County, Kansas, 103 per cent). The skull and nasals (see Table 1) in adults of _P. b. attwateri_ from Cherokee County average shorter than in _cansensis_. keywords: = =; brush; kansas; mouse; | | cache: 31235.txt plain text: 31235.txt item: #123 of 365 id: 31240 author: Johnston, Richard F. title: Natural History of the Salamander, Aneides hardii date: None words: 4418 flesch: 68 summary: | 100:87 Sierra Blanca | 28 | 21 | 100:75 Sacramentos, 1958 | 23 | 20 | 100:121 Sacramentos, '56-'57 | 34 | 43 | 100:126 +--------+---------+---------- All | 120 | 123 | 1:1 ---------------------+--------+---------+---------- Table 4.--Sex Ratios in Aneides hardii, Adults =================================================== | Number | Number | Ratio of Locality | of | of | males to | males | females | females ---------------------+--------+---------+---------- Capitan Mountains | 35 | 19 | Table 6.--Ranges and Mean Values of Clutch-sizes in Salamanders of the North American Plethodontidae[1] ========================================== | Range | Mean ---------------------------+-------+------ _ keywords: + =; = +; = =; = |; adults =; hardii =; salamanders; | | cache: 31240.txt plain text: 31240.txt item: #124 of 365 id: 31249 author: Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey title: Conspecificity of two pocket mice, Perognathus goldmani and P. artus date: None words: 1575 flesch: 69 summary: _P. goldmani_ is larger than _P. artus_ As compared with adults of _P. goldmani_ from 10 miles north-northwest of Los Mochis, Sinaloa, and _P. artus_ keywords: artus; goldmani; specimens cache: 31249.txt plain text: 31249.txt item: #125 of 365 id: 31250 author: Packard, Winthrop title: Old Plymouth Trails date: None words: 75480 flesch: 76 summary: In young trees twenty or twenty-five feet tall the roots do not penetrate more than fifteen or eighteen inches, yet great old trees stand alone in pasture and on hilltop, exposed to all the fury of the fiercest gales, rarely if ever blown down. The roots, even of old trees seventy to one hundred feet in height, rarely go into the earth more than two or three feet, taper rapidly and extend not usually over twenty feet on every side. keywords: air; autumn; beneath; birds; black; blue; brown; cape; cedar; cold; come; coming; day; days; deep; earth; east; england; fancy; feet; fire; fish; forest; glow; good; gray; green; ground; half; hand; head; hill; home; house; ice; leaves; left; life; like; look; making; man; morning; new; night; pasture; people; pickerel; pines; place; plymouth; pond; red; sea; set; shore; sky; snow; soft; spring; storm; summer; sun; things; till; time; today; town; trees; water; way; white; wild; wind; winter; wood; woodchuck; woodland; world; year; yellow; young cache: 31250.txt plain text: 31250.txt item: #126 of 365 id: 31267 author: White, John A. title: Taxonomy of the Chipmunks, Eutamias quadrivittatus and Eutamias umbrinus date: None words: 7837 flesch: 77 summary: Remarks._--Specimens from the Chuska Mountains, Zuni Mountains, and Blanco, New Mexico, are intergrades between _E. q. quadrivittatus_ This same relationship between _E. q. quadrivittatus_ and the subspecies of _E. umbrinus_ that occurs in north-central Colorado was pointed out in the account of _E. q. quadrivittatus_. keywords: = =; black; brown; co.; dorsal; e. u.; eutamias; quadrivittatus; subspecies; umbrinus; | | cache: 31267.txt plain text: 31267.txt item: #127 of 365 id: 31280 author: Anderson, Sydney title: Mammals of the Grand Mesa, Colorado date: None words: 3011 flesch: 69 summary: =_Neotoma cinerea arizonae_= Merriam.--Two immature Bushy-tailed Wood Rats (60000-60001) were obtained at locality 3 on July 3. =_Clethrionomys gapperi galei_= (Merriam).--The 22 specimens (60005-60025, 70133) of Gapper's Red-backed Vole were taken at localities 6, 7, and 10, and are clearly referable to _C. g. galei_, rather than to _Clethrionomys gapperi gauti_ to the south, on the basis of generally dark dorsal pelage, indistinctly bordered broad dorsal stripe, and cranial features. A specimen (70134) taken on June 26, 1956, by Phillip M. Youngman on the Black Mesa, nine miles WNW of Sapinero, 9500 ft., Gunnison County, Colorado, is almost identical in color to the two specimens from Saguache County regarded by Cockrum and Fitch as intergrades between _C. g. galei_ and _C. g. gauti_, but in small size of auditory bullae and narrowness of braincase resembles _C. g. galei_, to which it seems best referred. keywords: county; localities; locality; mesa; specimens cache: 31280.txt plain text: 31280.txt item: #128 of 365 id: 31292 author: Burroughs, John title: A Year in the Fields date: None words: 47261 flesch: 78 summary: Our smaller woodpeckers are sometimes accused of injuring the apple and other fruit trees, but the depredator is probably the larger and rarer yellow-bellied species. Weeds that yield neither pasturage for bee nor herd, yet afford seeds to the fall and winter birds. keywords: air; april; bird; country; day; dry; earth; eye; fact; fall; fields; flowers; ground; half; hand; head; home; illustration; lake; leaves; left; life; look; man; morning; mountain; nature; new; night; place; plant; season; snow; species; spring; storm; summer; sun; time; tree; water; way; weeds; white; wild; winter; woods; world; year; young cache: 31292.txt plain text: 31292.txt item: #129 of 365 id: 31293 author: Freeman, Howard L. title: Systematic Status of a South American Frog, Allophryne ruthveni Gaige date: None words: 2636 flesch: 63 summary: In one or more characters generally regarded as important, _Allophryne_ differs from all presently defined families of frogs. Allophryne ruthveni_, male (KU 69890); (_a_) keywords: allophryne; fig; gaige; genus; ruthveni; snout; specimens cache: 31293.txt plain text: 31293.txt item: #130 of 365 id: 31316 author: Judd, John W. (John Wesley) title: The Coming of Evolution: The Story of a Great Revolution in Science date: None words: 41001 flesch: 58 summary: The general feeling of the old geologists with respect to Lyell's opinions was very exactly expressed by Professor Henslow, when in parting from young Darwin on his setting out on his voyage, he referred to the recently published first volume of the _Principles_ in the following terms:-- 'Take Lyell's new book with you and read it by all means, for it is very interesting, but do not pay any attention to it, except in regard to facts, for it is altogether wild as far as theory goes.' Even for geology, the science to which in all his after life he became so deeply devoted, young Darwin conceived the most violent aversion; and as he listened to Jameson's Wernerian outpourings at Salisbury Crags, he 'determined never to attend to geology,' registering the terrible vow 'never as long as I lived to read a book on Geology, or in any way to study the science[96].' keywords: animals; book; charles; darwin; earth; evolution; friend; geology; great; hutton; huxley; ideas; influence; life; lyell; man; new; origin; plants; principles; science; scrope; selection; society; species; theory; thought; time; views; vol; wallace; work; world; years cache: 31316.txt plain text: 31316.txt item: #131 of 365 id: 31325 author: Jones, J. Knox title: An Annotated Checklist of Nebraskan Bats date: None words: 3405 flesch: 73 summary: SIOUX CO.: N Rushville, 2. SIOUX CO.: Glen, 1 (Univ. Nebr. keywords: bats; co.; miller; mus; museum; myotis; nebraska; records; state; univ cache: 31325.txt plain text: 31325.txt item: #132 of 365 id: 31334 author: Duellman, William Edward title: Descriptions of Two Species of Frogs, Genus Ptychohyla Studies of American Hylid Frogs, V date: None words: 3017 flesch: 65 summary: Comparisons._--_Ptychohyla chamulae_ resembles _P. schmidtorum_ in color pattern and body proportions, but the ground color of _schmidtorum_ is chocolate brown and not green as in _chamulae_. 349-357 Published April 27, 1961 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas PRINTED IN THE STATE PRINTING PLANT TOPEKA, KANSAS 1961 28-6442 Descriptions of Two New Species of Frogs, Genus Ptychohyla Studies of American Hylid Frogs, V BY WILLIAM E. DUELLMAN Field studies on hylid frogs in southern México and northern Central America have resulted in the collection of numerous specimens of _Ptychohyla_, a genus of hylid frogs heretofore poorly represented in museum collections. keywords: eye; length; ptychohyla; species; tympanum cache: 31334.txt plain text: 31334.txt item: #133 of 365 id: 31448 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: Mammals from Tamaulipas, Mexico date: None words: 3955 flesch: 71 summary: In the shape of the skull, especially the anterior expansion of the rostrum, _P. ochraventer_ seems to be related to _P. furvus_ and _P. latirostris_, a series of the latter being made available for examination by Dr. George G. Lowery, Jr., of the Museum of Zoology at Louisiana State University. Metachirus fuscogriseus pallidus_ Allen, Bull. keywords: carrizo; ciudad; highway; specimens; type; victoria cache: 31448.txt plain text: 31448.txt item: #134 of 365 id: 31458 author: Lee, M. Raymond title: Additional Records and Extensions of Known Ranges of Mammals from Utah date: None words: 3601 flesch: 67 summary: , the northernmost record of the long-eared bat in Utah was from east of Springville, Utah County. Durrant (1952:355) supposed that the species ranged southward to Mount Timpanogos in Utah County. keywords: county; creek; lake; miles; mountains; range; specimens; subspecies; utah cache: 31458.txt plain text: 31458.txt item: #135 of 365 id: 31491 author: White, John A. title: The Baculum in the Chipmunks of Western North America date: None words: 6792 flesch: 80 summary: E. umbrinus_, _E. palmeri_, and _E. bulleri_, in base not markedly widened, shaft thinner, tip proportionally shorter; from _E. quadrivittatus_, _ E. umbrinus_, _E. palmeri_, and _E. bulleri_, in ridges on either side of tip strongly developed, shaft thin, base not markedly widened, tip proportionally shorter; from _E. quadrivittatus_, _ keywords: base; co.; e. umbrinus; eutamias; keel; length; shaft; tip cache: 31491.txt plain text: 31491.txt item: #136 of 365 id: 31513 author: Metcalf, Artie L. title: Fishes of the Wakarusa River in Kansas date: None words: 5313 flesch: 81 summary: The five-year period prior to 1957 was the driest in the 70-year history of weather-records in Kansas (Metzler _et al._, 1958). It is interesting to note that this species had not reinvaded Smiths Branch, in Illinois, three years after the resumption of stream-flow (Larimore _et al._, 1959). keywords: creek; river; sec; wakarusa; water cache: 31513.txt plain text: 31513.txt item: #137 of 365 id: 31558 author: Darwin, Charles title: A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 1 of 2) The Lepadidae; Or, Pedunculated Cirripedes date: None words: 133220 flesch: 67 summary: The mouth (fig. 4 _b_) is prominent, and consists of _palpi_ soldered to the _labrum_; _mandibles_, _maxillæ_, and _ In the mouth there is hardly any difference; the maxillæ, however, have two notches even plainer than in the hermaphrodite _I. quadrivalvis_, or than in the male _I. Cumingii_, but the depth of such notches is always a variable character; there are also more spines on the edge in the male of the present species, than in _I. Cumingii_. keywords: angle; animal; appendages; basal; bristles; capitulum; carina; caudal; cirri; cirripedes; cirrus; close; fig; genus; growth; half; ibla; inch; inner; latera; length; lepas; male; mandibles; margin; maxillæ; membrane; minute; mouth; occludent; outer; pair; peduncle; point; pollicipes; posterior; ramus; rostrum; sack; scales; scalpellum; scuta; second; segments; short; size; species; specimens; spines; surface; teeth; terga; upper; valves; | | cache: 31558.txt plain text: 31558.txt item: #138 of 365 id: 31574 author: Legler, John M. title: A New Subspecies of Slider Turtle (Pseudemys scripta) from Coahuila, México date: None words: 4292 flesch: 68 summary: The morphological similarity of _P. s. taylori_ and _P. s. elegans_ indicates that both were derived from this parent stock; similarity of both subspecies to populations of _P. s. ornata_ in Tamaulipas suggests that the latter subspecies may also be a derivative of the mentioned stock of the lower Río Grande. I have examined what I consider to be typical examples of _P. s._ _elegans_ from the region of Múzquiz (CNHM 28843-45, 55625-45), and from Don Martín Reservoir (KU 33524). keywords: = =; ciénegas; cuatro; scripta; subspecies; taylori cache: 31574.txt plain text: 31574.txt item: #139 of 365 id: 31621 author: Webb, Robert G. title: Description of a New Softshell Turtle from the Southeastern United States date: None words: 3248 flesch: 65 summary: It should be pointed out, however, that there is no evidence of intergradation between _muticus_ and _calvatus_ in the lower Mississippi Valley as has been reported for the subspecies of _T. spinifer_ (Conant and Goin, 1948), and that the degree of difference between _calvatus_ and _muticus_ is greater than that between some subspecies of _T. spinifer_. _=Records in the Literature.=_--USNM 113228, referred to above as _Trionyx m. muticus_ is listed by Stejneger (1944:56) as _Amyda s. spinifera_; four of the specimens listed above (USNM 7655, 92605, 95133-34) are recorded by Stejneger (_op. keywords: calvatus; carapace; dorsal; muticus; river cache: 31621.txt plain text: 31621.txt item: #140 of 365 id: 3163 author: Burroughs, John title: Birds and Bees, Sharp Eyes, and Other Papers date: None words: 57548 flesch: 77 summary: The nest was here exposed to the direct rays of the noon-day sun, and to shield her young when the heat was greatest, the mother-bird would stand above them with wings slightly spread, as other birds have been know to do under like circumstances. Other birds, under like circumstances, hardly change their expression at all till they launch into the air, when by their voice they express anger rather than alarm. keywords: apple; away; bees; bird; day; eggs; eye; eyes; fall; feet; find; fruit; good; great; ground; half; hand; head; hive; hole; home; honey; house; life; like; look; nathan; near; nest; new; night; place; queen; red; saw; season; snake; snow; spring; swarm; time; tree; uncle; water; white; wild; winter; woods; young cache: 3163.txt plain text: 3163.txt item: #141 of 365 id: 31674 author: Jones, J. Knox title: Comments on the Taxonomic Status of Apodemus peninsulae, with Description of a New Subspecies from North China date: None words: 3278 flesch: 65 summary: Sylvaemus_ and closely resembling each other, are represented by a small animal that is currently regarded as conspecific with _Apodemus sylvaticus_ and a larger animal of which the Korean mouse, _peninsulae_, is representative. Neither have I seen specimens of the Sakhalin Island mouse, _giliacus_, which Ellerman (1949:32) regards as a subspecies of _Apodemus sylvaticus_. keywords: = =; apodemus; peninsulae; subspecies; usnm; | | cache: 31674.txt plain text: 31674.txt item: #142 of 365 id: 31679 author: Jones, J. Knox title: North American Yellow Bats, 'Dasypterus,' and a List of the Named Kinds of the Genus Lasiurus Gray date: None words: 8430 flesch: 69 summary: Another alleged species, _Dasypterus floridanus_, was named in 1902 (p. 392) by Miller from Florida, but as set forth below it is only a subspecies of _L. intermedius_, a species that is seemingly limited to parts of the North American mainland and Cuba. Intergradation, then, occurs between _L. intermedius_ and _L. floridanus_ keywords: = =; bats; dasypterus; ega; floridanus; intermedius; lasiurus; length; museum; north; species; specimens; texas; type; usnm; yellowish; | | cache: 31679.txt plain text: 31679.txt item: #143 of 365 id: 31708 author: Ewald, Carl title: The Pond date: None words: 18604 flesch: 96 summary: A wee, blind, naked youngster lay in the nest; and from the other egg protruded the dearest little leg of a chick. And you only had to take a drop of water and examine it through a magnifying-glass to see how it swarmed with tiny little animals, who all danced about and ate one another without the least compunction. keywords: children; cray; eel; fish; illustration; little; mrs; mussel; pond; reed; warbler; water cache: 31708.txt plain text: 31708.txt item: #144 of 365 id: 31710 author: Jefferies, Richard title: The Hills and the Vale date: None words: 90164 flesch: 72 summary: A long stretch of marshy shore succeeds--now frozen hard enough, at other times not to be passed without sinking over the ankles in mud. As reporter, archæologist, and sportsman, he was continually walking to and fro across the vale and over the downs; or writing down what he saw, for the most part in a manner dictated by the writing of other men engaged in the same way; or reading everything that came in his way, but especially natural history, chronicles, and Greek philosophy in English translations. keywords: acres; air; birds; cottages; country; course; day; earth; fact; farmer; field; good; grass; green; gun; half; hand; hedge; hills; home; house; iron; jefferies; kind; labourer; land; leaves; left; life; light; like; look; man; matter; men; mind; money; nature; oak; parish; past; pay; place; poor; population; power; present; round; sense; spring; steam; sun; things; think; thought; time; tree; value; village; wages; water; way; wheel; wind; wood; work; year cache: 31710.txt plain text: 31710.txt item: #145 of 365 id: 31830 author: Lynch, John D. title: Genera of Leptodactylid Frogs in México date: None words: 3447 flesch: 57 summary: A revision of _Eleutherodactylus_ and a review of _ Composition._--Thirteen species; the species described as, or later referred to, _Syrrhophus_ from Lower Central America and South America are _Eleutherodactylus_ or _Eupsophus_. keywords: eleutherodactylus; frogs; genus; maxillary; species; syrrhophus; tomodactylus; tubercles cache: 31830.txt plain text: 31830.txt item: #146 of 365 id: 31951 author: White, John A. title: Geographic Distribution and Taxonomy of the Chipmunks of Wyoming date: None words: 11254 flesch: 80 summary: Specimens from near Greybull, Big Horn Co., are intergrades between _E. m. pallidus_ and _E. m. minimus_ and are referable to _E. m. pallidus_. Intergradation between _E. m. pallidus_ and _E. m. minimus_ probably exists in northeastern Natrona Co. and southwestern Johnson Co. Comparisons of specimens of _E. m. pallidus_ and _E. m. cacodemus_, indicates that, in my opinion, _E. m. cacodemus_ is entitled to subspecific recognition, for, the relationship between _E. m. pallidus_ to _E. m. cacodemus_ is the same as that between _E. m. pallidus_ and _E. m. confinis_. keywords: baculum; black; buff; co.; creek; dorsal; e. m.; eutamias; minimus; skull; subspecies; | | cache: 31951.txt plain text: 31951.txt item: #147 of 365 id: 32018 author: Merz, Robert L. title: Jaw Musculature of the Mourning and White-winged Doves date: None words: 8594 flesch: 66 summary: ~_M. pseudotemporalis superficialis._~--The origin is fleshy from the posterior wall of the orbit, dorsal to the foramen of the trigeminal nerve, lateral to the origin of _M. protractor quadrati_ and medial to _M. adductor mandibulae externus profundus_. The insertion is immediately anterior to the ventral aponeurosis of _pars profundus_ near the medial edge of the dorsal surface on a tubercle at the posterior end of the dorsal ridge of the lower mandible. keywords: adductor; aponeurosis; dorsal; dove; fibers; figs; insertion; jaw; mandible; mourning; muscle; origin; white cache: 32018.txt plain text: 32018.txt item: #148 of 365 id: 32021 author: Wallace, Alfred Russel title: Island Life; Or, The Phenomena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras date: None words: 167433 flesch: 61 summary: Thus, _D. dominica_ comes as far as the middle Eastern States, _D. coerulea_ keeps west of the Alleghanies, _D. discolor_ comes to Michigan and New England; four other species go farther north in Canada, while several extend to the borders of the Arctic zone. _V. lutea_ itself is considered to be a form of _V. tricolor_, and _V. amoena_ keywords: account; africa; america; animals; arctic; area; asia; australia; azores; bermuda; birds; borneo; britain; british; case; causes; celebes; central; changes; chapter; character; china; climate; coast; common; conditions; continent; countries; country; denudation; deposits; dispersal; distinct; distribution; earth; east; eastern; england; epoch; europe; european; evidence; excentricity; extent; facts; families; family; fathoms; fauna; features; feet; flora; forms; genera; genus; geographical; geological; glacial; globe; great; groups; having; helena; hemisphere; ice; indian; insects; ireland; islands; japan; java; list; long; madagascar; mammalia; mauritius; means; miles; miocene; mountains; new; new zealand; north; north america; northern; number; occur; ocean; oceanic; origin; parts; peculiarities; period; physical; plants; portion; present; range; region; remote; rocks; sandwich islands; scotland; sea; seeds; shells; snow; south; southern; species; sub; surface; temperate; tertiary; time; tropical; types; var; variety; vegetation; warm; water; west; western; world; x |; years; zealand; | | cache: 32021.txt plain text: 32021.txt item: #149 of 365 id: 32112 author: Anderson, Sydney title: Records of Harvest Mice, Reithrodontomys, from Central America, with Description of a New Subspecies from Nicaragua date: None words: 3547 flesch: 65 summary: Four specimens of _meridionalis_ trapped in July at the type locality, only one mile from the locality of capture of the February-taken specimens, are distinctly darker dorsally and slightly darker ventrally than the three _meridionalis_ trapped in February and March, but resemble the latter three in shortness of tail and in having short, peppered dorsal pelage. The lesser average and maximum total length of skull in _meridionalis_ than in either series of _chiapensis_ suggests that _meridionalis_ has a smaller skull. keywords: hooper; length; specimens cache: 32112.txt plain text: 32112.txt item: #150 of 365 id: 32140 author: Legler, John M. title: A New Snake of the Genus Geophis From Chihuahua, Mexico date: None words: 2232 flesch: 57 summary: Geophis aquilonaris_ differs from both species in having a higher number of ventral and subcaudal scales, a longer tail (tail contained in snout-vent length three to four times in _aquilonaris_, four and one half to six times in _dugesii_, 11 to 12 times in _cancellatus_), and in having more bands on the body (28 to 32 in _cancel latus_, two to seven in _dugesii_). four species (_cancellatus_, _dugesii_, _chalybeus_, and _semidoliatus_) have alternating pale and dark transverse markings and therefore superficially resemble _aquilonaris_. keywords: + =; = +; = =; scales cache: 32140.txt plain text: 32140.txt item: #151 of 365 id: 32159 author: Findley, James S. (James Smith) title: Mammals from Southeastern Alaska date: None words: 1201 flesch: 65 summary: However in nine of ten characters these specimens more closely resemble _S. o. alascensis_ than _S. o. longicauda_. Specimens from Sullivan Island are larger than those from the mainland south of Haines, which are in turn larger than specimens from 9 miles W and 4 miles N of Haines (reported upon by Baker, _op. keywords: alaska; miles; specimens cache: 32159.txt plain text: 32159.txt item: #152 of 365 id: 32175 author: Wilson, Robert W. (Robert Warren) title: Preliminary Survey of a Paleocene Faunule from the Angels Peak Area, New Mexico date: None words: 3076 flesch: 68 summary: Ellipsodon acolytus_ | 3 | 11 | 1 | +-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+ | _ Coriphagus encinensis_ | | 2 | | +-----------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+ | _ keywords: -----------------------------+-----------+-----------+-------------+ |; = =; angels; peak; | +; | | cache: 32175.txt plain text: 32175.txt item: #153 of 365 id: 32187 author: Findley, James S. (James Smith) title: Pleistocene Soricidae from San Josecito Cave, Nuevo Leon, Mexico date: None words: 1755 flesch: 62 summary: This ratio averages 49.6% in _S. cinereus_ and 53.0% or more (up to 60.0%) in the other species. Microsorex hoyi_ differs from _S. cinereus_ and from the specimen in question in deeper and shorter dentary, more robust condyle, dentary less bowed dorsally, molars shorter in anteroposterior diameter and higher in proportion to this dimension. keywords: coronoid; fossils; sorex; species cache: 32187.txt plain text: 32187.txt item: #154 of 365 id: 32505 author: León, Juan R. title: The Systematics of the Frogs of the Hyla Rubra Group in Middle America date: None words: 17002 flesch: 74 summary: _Hyla boulengeri_ and _rubra_ are widespread in South America, and _foliamorta_ occurs in Colombia, whereas the other species are known only from Middle America. | (0.41) | | | | | Costa Rica: Tilarán | 21 | 28.8-33.6| 0.47-0.57 |0.48-0.65| 0.40-0.46 | | (30.6) | (0.52) | (0.59) | (0.41) | | | | | Costa Rica: Puerto | 22 | 26.3-32.4| 0.49-0.54 |0.48-0.65| 0.38-0.45 Viejo | | (29.7) | (0.52) | (0.57) | (0.42) | | | | | Costa Rica: Turrialba| 95 | 28.1-35.0| 0.47-0.56 |0.47-0.68| 0.37-0.46 | | (30.6) | (0.51) | (0.56) | (0.41) | | | | | Costa Rica: Bataán, | 26 | 26.3-32.7| 0.47-0.54 |0.45-0.66| 0.36-0.44 Limón, and Suretka | | (30.0) | (0.51) | (0.50) | (0.41) | | | | | Costa Rica: Piedras | 21 | 33.3-37.7| 0.50-0.54 |0.48-0.64| 0.40-0.46 Blancas | | (35.2) | (0.51) | (0.57) | (0.43) | | | | | Costa Rica: Rincón de| 24 | 31.4-35.9| 0.50-0.56 |0.45-0.61| 0.40-0.46 Osa | | (34.1) | (0.53) | (0.54) | (0.43) | | | | | keywords: = =; america; boulengeri; brown; central; costa; dark; elaeochroa; eye; hyla; length; panamá; present; rica; rubra; snout; species; specimens; staufferi; white; | | cache: 32505.txt plain text: 32505.txt item: #155 of 365 id: 32623 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: Geographic Variation in the Pocket Gopher, Cratogeomys castanops, in Coahuila, México date: None words: 6862 flesch: 67 summary: Compared with topotypes of _C. c. goldmani_, found to the south, _excelsus_ differs in: Body larger; hind foot smaller; upper parts in winter pelage paler, more buffy and less rufous; skull larger; zygomata more widely flaring; rostrum broader; nasals shorter; tympanic bullae larger and more inflated; maxillary teeth larger. Cratogeomys_ and decided that six subspecies of _C. castanops_ occurred in Coahuila. keywords: = =; c. c.; castanops; coahuila; cratogeomys; skull; subspecies cache: 32623.txt plain text: 32623.txt item: #156 of 365 id: 32653 author: Duellman, William Edward title: A Review of the Frogs of the Hyla bistincta Group date: None words: 8769 flesch: 71 summary: The statements of Brocchi and Kellogg to the contrary, the type of _Cauphias crassus_ possesses intercalary cartilages between the penultimate and terminal phalanges; the latter are not T-shaped, but as in the type of _Hyla robustofemora_, resemble those typical of _Hyla_. In his description of _H. robustofemora_ Taylor (1940:392), who had not examined the type of _ keywords: = =; bistincta; brown; fold; hyla; length; snout; species; vent cache: 32653.txt plain text: 32653.txt item: #157 of 365 id: 32679 author: Cockrum, E. Lendell title: Geographic Variation in Red-backed Mice (Genus Clethrionomys) of the Southern Rocky Mountain Region date: None words: 3831 flesch: 73 summary: Clethrionomys gapperi brevicaudus_, although isolated geographically and although morphologically more distinct than many of the currently recognized subspecies of _C. gapperi_, is probably best arranged as a subspecies of _C. gapperi_ rather than as a full species. They gave no reason for arranging _brevicaudus_ as a subspecies of _C. gapperi_. keywords: clethrionomys; county; galei; gapperi; specimens cache: 32679.txt plain text: 32679.txt item: #158 of 365 id: 32800 author: Gosse, Philip Henry title: The Romance of Natural History, Second Series date: None words: 107967 flesch: 62 summary: The ransom, too, was to consist of a male and a _female_ of each kind of _wild_ animals. All analogy would suggest that fore-paws must have been present in an animal with a dog-like head, and clothed with hair; but they were perhaps small,--smaller even than in other _Phocadæ_, and may have been so concealed in the long hair, or held so closely pressed to the body, as not to be visible. keywords: account; air; america; animal; appearance; beauty; birds; black; blood; body; bones; broad; case; charming; close; colour; common; country; course; creature; day; deer; doubt; earth; end; europe; evidence; existence; extinct; eye; eyes; fact; feathers; feet; fish; fishes; flowers; following; food; form; fossil; genus; glass; good; green; ground; half; hand; head; history; hole; house; human; inches; insects; island; leaves; length; life; light; living; man; means; minute; new; north; number; parts; period; phenomenon; place; plant; point; power; present; rain; red; remains; saw; sea; season; serpent; set; size; skin; snake; south; species; specimens; state; stone; surface; swallows; tail; time; toad; tree; water; way; white; wild; wings; winter; years; young; zool cache: 32800.txt plain text: 32800.txt item: #159 of 365 id: 32817 author: Legler, John M. title: A New Tortoise, Genus Gopherus, From North-central Mexico date: None words: 3138 flesch: 62 summary: | (U.S. and N. Sonora) |.77 |.53 |.41 |(.38-.44) | |(.70-.83) |(.49-.58) G. agassizii_ | |(4) |(4) |(4) (Alamos, Sonora) | |.56 |.39 |.92 | |(.52-.59) |(.37-.41) |(.87-1.00) keywords: carapace; flavomarginatus; gopherus; species; specimens; | | cache: 32817.txt plain text: 32817.txt item: #160 of 365 id: 32855 author: Barlow, Jon C. title: Natural History of the Bell Vireo, Vireo bellii Audubon date: None words: 23070 flesch: 74 summary: Behavior ============================================================== | Number | | | Average | of | Vocal | | length of | conflicts | dueling | Combat | disputes -------------+-----------+---------+--------+----------------- Prenesting | 3 | 3 | 2 | 6 min. 40 sec. It is well established that the incidence of cowbird parasitism of Bell Vireo nests is high (Friedmann, 1929:237; Bent, 1950:260-261). keywords: 1959; = =; = |; area; behavior; bell; bell vireo; birds; day; days; eggs; feet; female; figures; incubation; june; kansas; male; nest; nestbuilding; nesting; period |; song; species; territory; text; vireo; young; | | cache: 32855.txt plain text: 32855.txt item: #161 of 365 id: 33044 author: Thompson, Max C. title: Birds from North Borneo University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, Volume 17, No. 8, pp. 377-433, October 27, 1966 date: None words: 31870 flesch: 81 summary: This specimen is intermediate between _C. c. lineata_ and _C. c. caerulescens_, tending slightly toward the latter in having more rufous coloring on the tertials. *Vol. 6. (Complete) Mammals of Utah, _taxonomy and distribution_. keywords: = =; adg; august; birds; borneo; breeding; cocoa research; common; december; estate; feet; female; forest; hill; island; january; july; june; kalabakan; male; mct; north; november; o |; october; primary; quoin; research station; september; smythies; species; specimens; tenom; testis; | | cache: 33044.txt plain text: 33044.txt item: #162 of 365 id: 33137 author: Chapin, James Paul title: Descriptions of Three New Birds from the Belgian Congo Bulletin of the AMNH , Vol. XXXIV, Art. XVI, pp. 509-513, Oct. 20th, 1915 date: None words: 4113 flesch: 82 summary: PART V.--A Skeleton of Diplodocus. PART keywords: bill; coverts; figures; green; pll; price; tail; text; vol cache: 33137.txt plain text: 33137.txt item: #163 of 365 id: 33204 author: Anderson, Sydney title: Subspeciation in the Meadow Mouse, Microtus pennsylvanicus, in Wyoming, Colorado, and Adjacent Areas date: None words: 7486 flesch: 70 summary: Also, there seemed to be a hiatus of at least 180 miles between the ranges of _modestus_ in northern Colorado and _modestus_ in eastern Wyoming, and an even greater distance separating populations of _modestus_ in northern Colorado from those in western Wyoming. by the method of pairs, and _modestus_ had a larger foramen magnum in 6 of 6 pairs (Confidence Limit .97) and larger first upper molar teeth in 5 of 6 pairs (C. L. .75). keywords: = =; co.; colorado; county; microtus; modestus; specimens; subspecies; wyoming; | | cache: 33204.txt plain text: 33204.txt item: #164 of 365 id: 33364 author: Phillips, Gary L. title: A New Subspecies of the Fruit-eating Bat, Sturnira ludovici, From Western Mexico date: None words: 1964 flesch: 73 summary: Other specimens of _S. l. occidentalis_ were taken under the following circumstances: 17 km. WNW Purificación, Jalisco 92811 KU, (Male) | 42.0 | 22.6 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 7.7 --------------------------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+----- 4 km. keywords: + =; = +; = =; ludovici cache: 33364.txt plain text: 33364.txt item: #165 of 365 id: 33373 author: Smith, Hobart M. (Hobart Muir) title: Kyphosis and other Variations in Soft-shelled Turtles date: None words: 2843 flesch: 74 summary: | F | 219 | 184 | 1.19 | 40 | 5.47 | 7 | 7 | 1879 | | 223 | 187 | 1.19 | 38 | 5.87 | 7 | 7 | 2761 | F | 233 | 182 | 1.28 | 43 | 5.41 | 7 | 7 | 2666 | | 234 | 208 | 1.12 | 42 | 5.57 | 8 | 7 | 2226 | F | 239 | 215 | 1.11 | 38 | 6.29 | 7 | 7 | 1869 | | 245 | 211 | 1.16 | 44 | 5.55 | 7 | 7 | 2842 | | 245 | 219 | 1.12 | 45 | 5.44 | 7 | 7 | 2826 | 7 | | | | | | | | | _spinifera_ | 1872 | | 129 | 101 | 1.27 | 17 | 7.59 | 7 | 7 | 1931 | M | 148 | 102 | 1.45 | 26 | 5.69 | 7 | 7 | 18159 | F | 151 | 129 | 1.17 | 26 | 5.80 | ? keywords: = =; kansas; | | cache: 33373.txt plain text: 33373.txt item: #166 of 365 id: 33412 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: Observations on the Mississippi Kite in Southwestern Kansas date: None words: 6455 flesch: 71 summary: The following list includes both the prey found beneath perches of fledglings and that identified from pellets, the latter mostly from adult kites. Dr. Claude W. Hibbard of the University of Michigan and Mr. Harry Smith, superintendent of Meade State Park, also kindly provided much useful information concerning the history of the colony of Mississippi kites at the Park. keywords: adults; august; food; insects; kansas; kites; nest; park; prey; time; young cache: 33412.txt plain text: 33412.txt item: #167 of 365 id: 33508 author: Duellman, William Edward title: A New Subspecies of Lizard, Cnemidophorus sacki, from Michoacán, México date: None words: 3663 flesch: 69 summary: | 6.85 | | Michoacán: Apatzingán | 170 | 2-49 | 41.4 | 2.58 | 0.62 | 1.52 | | | | | | | | | |_sacki zweifeli_ | | | | | | | | Entire Sample | 105 |0.064-0.157| 0.097| 0.070| 0.007| 0.067| | Michoacán: Tafetan | 21 keywords: cnemidophorus; length; sacki; spots; ummz; zweifeli; | | cache: 33508.txt plain text: 33508.txt item: #168 of 365 id: 33509 author: Alvarez, Ticul title: Taxonomic Status of Some Mice of The Peromyscus boylii Group in Eastern Mexico, With Description of a New Subspecies date: None words: 3374 flesch: 72 summary: Osgood (1909) by comparison of one of Saussure's specimens with some from Mirador, Veracruz, concluded that _aztecus_ was a subspecies of _P. boylii_. P. aztecus_ as a subspecies of _P. boylii_ because of the resemblance between _aztecus_ and _P. b. evides_, but _evides_ is far removed geographically (occurring only in western México) from _aztecus_, and is smaller. keywords: = =; aztecus; boylii; levipes; specimens cache: 33509.txt plain text: 33509.txt item: #169 of 365 id: 33514 author: Nägeli, Carl title: A Mechanico-Physiological Theory of Organic Evolution date: None words: 14214 flesch: 46 summary: The results must, however, be tested and completed by comparison with other organisms and by the most comprehensive experimental procedure, possible, (as by culture under various conditions, and crossing with nearer and more remote relatives). The phylogenetic action of external stimuli gives the definite character of adaptation to the idioplasm as it becomes more complex from inner causes and probably these external stimuli have the power to alter this impress only as new idioplasm is automatically formed. keywords: adaptation; cells; determinants; development; formation; germ; idioplasm; individual; micellæ; nature; new; nägeli; ontogeny; organism; plasma cache: 33514.txt plain text: 33514.txt item: #170 of 365 id: 33543 author: Duellman, William Edward title: The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México date: None words: 58687 flesch: 74 summary: Near Tehuitzingo, Puebla, where _S. pyrocephalus_ was not found, _S. gadowae_ was found on conglomerate cliffs. _Hypsiglena affinis_ differs from _H. torquata_ in possessing 19 instead of 21 rows of dorsal scales. keywords: apatzingán; arid; balsas; brown; bull; coalcomán; colima; color; cordillera; dark; de coalcomán; dorsal; duellman; elev; elevations; forest; individuals; kansas; kilometers; lago; length; locality; lowlands; males; meters; mexican; michoacán; mus; méxico; nat; oak; oak forest; pale; pine; plateau; río; san; sci; scrub; scrub forest; sierra; sierra de; smith; snout; species; specimens; tail; taylor; tepalcatepec; tropical; type; ummz; univ; uruapan; valley; vent; volcánica; | | cache: 33543.txt plain text: 33543.txt item: #171 of 365 id: 33558 author: Jenkinson, Marion Anne title: Thoracic and Coracoid Arteries In Two Families of Birds, Columbidae and Hirundinidae date: None words: 6938 flesch: 61 summary: From this description, the question arises as to whether the outer one of these arteries should properly be called an _external_ instead of _internal_ mammary artery. When Glenny (1955) summarized his accumulative findings, concerning the main arteries in the region of the heart, based on individuals representing more than 750 avian species of 27 orders and 120 families, he described five types of thoracic arteries that were distinguished by differences in the site of their origin, and one type in which there were two thoracic arteries on each side. keywords: arteries; artery; coracoid; origin; subclavian; thoracic; thoracic artery; vessels cache: 33558.txt plain text: 33558.txt item: #172 of 365 id: 33560 author: Echols, Joan title: A New Genus of Pennsylvanian Fish (Crossopterygii, Coelacanthiformes) from Kansas date: None words: 7762 flesch: 60 summary: Restoration of the basisphenoid, based on K. U. no. 9939, × 5. Restoration of the palatoquadrate complex, based on K. U. no. 9939, × 5. keywords: fig; hibbard; margin; posterior; processes; rhabdoderma; specimens; surface; synaptotylus; ventral cache: 33560.txt plain text: 33560.txt item: #173 of 365 id: 33566 author: Rainey, Dennis G. title: Ecological Observations on the Woodrat, Neotoma floridana date: None words: 13565 flesch: 69 summary: On several occasions skunks released from live-traps took shelter in woodrat houses which appeared to be unoccupied. On several occasions these snakes have been found on or beside woodrat houses, or have escaped into them. keywords: adult; area; days; feet; female; food; grams; house; live; males; november; outcrop; population; reservation; woodrats; young cache: 33566.txt plain text: 33566.txt item: #174 of 365 id: 33574 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: A Field Study of the Kansas Ant-Eating Frog, Gastrophryne olivacea date: None words: 11193 flesch: 70 summary: The hundreds of other frogs that were marked were rarely found twice in any one spot. On the evening of June 2 many frogs were calling at a pond ½ mile south of the Reservation, and one was heard at the pond on the Reservation. keywords: + =; = +; = =; ant; breeding; carolinensis; frogs; individuals; kansas; olivacea; size; | | cache: 33574.txt plain text: 33574.txt item: #175 of 365 id: 33578 author: Kelson, Keith R. title: Comments on the Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of Some North American Rodents date: None words: 10709 flesch: 67 summary: Other specimens recorded as _T. b. perpes_ by Bailey (_loc. Fauna, 39:58, November 15, 1915) listed a specimen from Mattomi, Baja California, as _Thomomys bottae nigricans_. keywords: = =; amer; bottae; cit; color; specimens; subspecies; t. b.; t. s.; t. t.; thomomys cache: 33578.txt plain text: 33578.txt item: #176 of 365 id: 33639 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: The Subspecific Status of Two Central American Sloths date: None words: 974 flesch: 56 summary: The specimen is intermediate in color, as well as geographically, between _C. t. dorsalis_ and _C. mexicanus_, although referable to the latter. Accordingly, we arrange _ignavus_ as a subspecies of _griseus_; the name of the animal from extreme eastern Panamá should stand as _Bradypus griseus ignavus_ Goldman, 1913. keywords: griseus; ignavus; kansas cache: 33639.txt plain text: 33639.txt item: #177 of 365 id: 33650 author: Banks, Nathan title: New West Indian Spiders Bulletin of the AMNH, Vol. XXXIII, Art. XLI, pp. 639-642 date: None words: 2999 flesch: 86 summary: PART V.--A Skeleton of Diplodocus. PART VII.--Fossil Mammals of the Tertiary of Northeastern Colorado. keywords: dark; figures; pll; price; text; vol cache: 33650.txt plain text: 33650.txt item: #178 of 365 id: 33659 author: Andersen, Kenneth W. title: Mammals of Northwestern South Dakota date: None words: 13253 flesch: 74 summary: It is of interest that a relict population of _Peromyscus leucopus_ also occurs in Deer Draw. In Harding County, _Z. hudsonius_ presently is known only from Deer Draw in the Slim Buttes. keywords: adult; buttes; county; dakota; female; harding; harding county; hills; june; north; pelage; south; species; specimens; visher; w reva cache: 33659.txt plain text: 33659.txt item: #179 of 365 id: 33710 author: Kelson, Keith R. title: Comments on the Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution of Some North American Marsupials, Insectivores and Carnivores date: None words: 8519 flesch: 69 summary: They are readily distinguishable from specimens of _B. b. kirtlandi_, that occurs farther north in the same mountain range, by larger size and longer tail. Didelphis mesamericana tabascensis_. keywords: = =; amer; canis; didelphis; marsupialis; mus; nat; specimens; spilogale; subspecies; type; | | cache: 33710.txt plain text: 33710.txt item: #180 of 365 id: 33862 author: Leduc, Stéphane title: The Mechanism of Life date: None words: 51847 flesch: 56 summary: This phenomenon is due to the fact that vegetable protoplasm holds in solution substances like sugars and salts which have a high osmotic pressure. 61.--A group of osmotic forms.] keywords: action; cells; chemical; concentration; diffusion; drops; energy; fig; force; form; gelatine; growth; heat; illustration; life; liquid; living; matter; molecular; molecules; nature; number; organic; organism; osmotic; phenomena; point; potential; pressure; salt solution; solute; solution; study; substances; surface; temperature; time; water; weight; work cache: 33862.txt plain text: 33862.txt item: #181 of 365 id: 33914 author: Stallcup, William B. title: Myology and Serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae: A Taxonomic Study date: None words: 21138 flesch: 64 summary: +Musculus iliotrochantericus medius+_ (Fig. 3).--Smallest of the three _iliotrochantericus_ muscles, this bandlike muscle has a fleshy origin from the ventral edge of the ilium just posterior to the origin of the _m. iliotrochantericus anticus_. Richmondena_ shows much greater serological correspondence to _Spiza_ than does _Molothrus_. keywords: + =; = +; = =; birds; differences; digiti; edge; family; femur; fig; insertion; longus; m. flexor; muscle; origin; pars; perforatus; relationships; species; surface; tendon; text; | | cache: 33914.txt plain text: 33914.txt item: #182 of 365 id: 33915 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: Mammals taken Along the Alaska Highway date: None words: 11647 flesch: 81 summary: _British Columbia_: Stonehouse Creek, 5½ mi. _British Columbia_: Hot Springs, 3 mi. keywords: alaska; alcorn; british; canada; columbia; creek; fort; lake; liard; river; specimens; territory; type; whitehorse; yukon cache: 33915.txt plain text: 33915.txt item: #183 of 365 id: 33966 author: Maslin, T. Paul title: Occurrence of the Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis, in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains date: None words: 6640 flesch: 63 summary: Nevertheless, _fitchi_ consistently has a dark ground color, whereas _parietalis_ is highly variable, and the color of an occasional specimen (for example KU 17032 from Douglas County, Kansas) matches _ornata_ in olive coloration. These unusually pale specimens of _parietalis_ differ from _ornata_ in not having a continuous black edge along each side of dorsal stripe; black pigment of this area is concentrated into rows of spots alternating with those of lower series. keywords: area; black; fitchi; mexico; new; parietalis; red; sirtalis; specimens; subspecies cache: 33966.txt plain text: 33966.txt item: #184 of 365 id: 33967 author: Duellman, William Edward title: Descriptions of New Hylid Frogs From Mexico and Central America date: None words: 9250 flesch: 59 summary: [Illustration: PLATE 18 Upper figure, _Hyla pellita_ (KU 100973); middle figure, _Hyla pellita_ (KU 100970); lower figure, _Hyla siopela_ (KU 100977). Comparisons._--The absence of a quadratojugal and the presence of a greatly enlarged, non-projecting prepollex place _Hyla siopela_ in the _Hyla bistincta_ group (see Duellman, 1964, and Adler, 1965). keywords: = =; brown; cent; dark; hyla; length; snout; surfaces; thighs; yellow; | | cache: 33967.txt plain text: 33967.txt item: #185 of 365 id: 33994 author: McCook, Henry C. (Henry Christopher) title: Old Farm Fairies: A Summer Campaign In Brownieland Against King Cobweaver's Pixies date: None words: 104501 flesch: 89 summary: That's good Pixie doctrine, so here's cut and away! Several Brownies were tossed into the stream, and were pulled up with difficulty. keywords: air; appendix; aye; blythe; boat; breeze; brownies; bruce; camp; captain; cave; chapter; chief; close; cut; door; end; ensign; eyes; face; faith; fig; footnote; fort; friends; good; governor; grass; ground; guard; hand; head; heart; help; hide; hung; illustration; lake; lawe; lay; leaves; left; lieutenant; life; line; look; macwhirlie; madam; moment; note; nurses; party; pipe; pixie; place; point; raft; right; rodney; sailors; saw; sergeant; ships; shore; sophia; spider; spite; tent; thought; time; true; voice; water; way; white; wille; work cache: 33994.txt plain text: 33994.txt item: #186 of 365 id: 34077 author: Weismann, August title: On Germinal Selection as a Source of Definite Variation date: None words: 24972 flesch: 51 summary: The three principal stages of selection, that of {66} _personal_ selection[23] as it was enunciated by Darwin and Wallace, that of _histonal_ selection as it was established by Wilhelm Roux in the form of a struggle of the parts, and finally that of _germinal selection_ We cannot assume that such a coloration has appeared as an _accidental_ variation in just and in only these two species, which fly together with the _Acræa_ in the same localities of the same country and same part of the world--the Gold Coast of Africa. keywords: butterflies; case; determinants; direction; evolution; example; fact; germ; individuals; life; parts; point; present; principle; process; question; selection; seq; species; theory; units; variations; wings cache: 34077.txt plain text: 34077.txt item: #187 of 365 id: 34127 author: Hardy, Laurence M. title: Morphological Variation in a Population of the Snake, Tantilla gracilis Baird and Girard date: None words: 6291 flesch: 66 summary: ------------+----------+-----------+------------+---------+---------- Number |Number |Per cent |Number |Number |Per cent of |of |of |of |of |of Supralabials|specimens |occurrence |infralabials|specimens|occurrence ------------+----------+-----------+------------+---------+---------- 6-6 | 221 | 90.2 | 5-5 | 5 | 2.0 6-7 | 10 | 4.1 | 5-6 | 4 | 1.6 7-6 | 10 | 4.1 | 6-5 | 5 | 2.0 7-7 | 4 | 1.6 | 6-6 | 229 | 93.1 | | | 6-7 | 1 | 0.4 | | | 7-6 | 2 | 0.8 ------------+----------+-----------+------------+---------+---------- In three of the four specimens with 7-7 supralabials, the type of addition is the same on each side, whereas the other specimen has a different type of addition on each side. Variation in Contact of the Prefrontals and the Labials in 243 Specimens of Tantilla gracilis. ----------------------------------------------------+---------+---------- |Number |Per cent CHARACTERISTIC |of |of |specimens|occurrence ----------------------------------------------------+---------+---------- No contact | 147 | 60.5 Contact of prefrontal with second labial on right | 26 | 10.7 Contact of prefrontal with second labial on left | 10 | 4.1 Contact of prefrontal with each second labial | 53 | 21.8 Contact of prefrontals with labial two on left and | | labial three on right | 1 | 0.4 Contact of prefrontals with labial three on left and| | labial two on right | 3 | 1.2 Contact of prefrontals with labial two on left and | keywords: = =; characteristics; gracilis; length; n =; right; specimens; | | cache: 34127.txt plain text: 34127.txt item: #188 of 365 id: 34233 author: Trueb, Linda title: Cranial Osteology of the Hylid Frog, Smilisca baudini date: None words: 5605 flesch: 55 summary: Alary cartilage._--The anterior end of the alary cartilage (_al. c._, Figs. Abbreviations: _al. c._, alary cartilage; _al. proc. keywords: cartilage; cavum; fig; foramen; level; nasi; posterior; process cache: 34233.txt plain text: 34233.txt item: #189 of 365 id: 34295 author: Dalquest, Walter Woelber title: Tadarida femorosacca (Merriam) in Tamaulipas, Mexico date: None words: 336 flesch: 73 summary: This extends the known range of this species to the Atlantic Slope and more than 300 miles to the northeast of Zacoalco, Jalisco, the only locality in central Mexico from which the species was previously known (see Shamel, H. H., Proc. 245-248 December 10, 1947 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1947 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, H. H. Lane, Edward H. Taylor Volume 1, No. 13, pp. keywords: kansas cache: 34295.txt plain text: 34295.txt item: #190 of 365 id: 34303 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Bat (Genus Myotis) From Mexico date: None words: 1166 flesch: 62 summary: Further, the number and magnitude of the differences between _albescens_ and _argentatus_ greatly exceed any that can be pointed to between the American subspecies of any other one full species of the genus _Myotis_. no. 128.] Among at least American kinds of _Myotis_, _argentatus_ is extreme in small area of occlusal surface of the upper molariform teeth in relation to the total area of the palatal surface of the skull. keywords: albescens; argentatus; myotis cache: 34303.txt plain text: 34303.txt item: #191 of 365 id: 34311 author: Dalquest, Walter Woelber title: Geographic Range of the Hooded Skunk, Mephitis macroura With Description of a New Subspecies from Mexico date: None words: 1422 flesch: 68 summary: Of the species _Mephitis macroura_, Howell (_op. cit._) recognized three subspecies: _M. m. macroura_, _M. m. milleri_, and _M. m. vittata_. Actually, as indicated above, we doubt that the geographic ranges of the two subspecies are continuous or that the geographic range of _M. m. eximius_ is continuous with the geographic range of _M. m. vittata_. keywords: kansas; macroura; mephitis cache: 34311.txt plain text: 34311.txt item: #192 of 365 id: 34314 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Pocket Gopher (Thomomys) and A New Spiny Pocket Mouse (Liomys) from Michoacán, Mexico date: None words: 1736 flesch: 59 summary: The field notes of the collector of the type of _T. u. pullus_ record that when he was making a shallow excavation to reveal the gopher burrow in which he trapped the holotype, he found the burrow approximately five inches below the surface of the ground and that in digging deeper than was necessary he accidentally broke into the burrow of a _Cratogeomys_. Thomomys umbrinus_ obtained in 1943 from points 3, 4 and 5 miles south of Pátzcuaro proves upon comparison to be an hitherto unrecognized subspecies which is described and named as follows: #Thomomys umbrinus pullus#, new subspecies _Type._--Male, adult, skin and skull; No. 100151, Univ. California Mus. keywords: length; michoacán; pocket; pátzcuaro cache: 34314.txt plain text: 34314.txt item: #193 of 365 id: 34315 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: Two New Meadow Mice from Michoacán Mexico date: None words: 1038 flesch: 52 summary: _Remarks._--The degree of difference between _M. m. salvus_ and _M. m. fundatus_ exceeds that between _M. m. salvus_ and _M. m. phaeus_ or that between _M. m. fundatus_ and _M. m. mexicanus_. Comparison with _M. m. fundatus_ is made in the account of that subspecies. keywords: mexicanus; microtus cache: 34315.txt plain text: 34315.txt item: #194 of 365 id: 34326 author: Taylor, Edward Harrison title: A New Hylid Frog from Eastern Mexico. University of Kansas Publication, Vol 1, No 15 date: None words: 1323 flesch: 57 summary: The following table gives the variation in measurements of the type and paratypes: Measurements of _Hyla proboscidea_ in mm. =======+=======+========+=======+=====+=====+==========+========== | Snout | | | | | Foot and | | to | Head | Head | Arm | Leg | longest | Eye | vent | length | width | | | toe | diameter -------+-------+--------+-------+-----+-----+----------+---------- 23626 | 58 | 20 | 18.6 | 29 | 86 | 39 | 5 23625 | 56 | 19 | 18 | 29 | 81 | 37 | 5 23627 | 53 | 18.5 | 17 | 30 | 81 | 35 | 5 23624 | Canthus rostralis well defined; tip of snout with a bulbous projection; fingers more than one-third webbed, foot nearly completely webbed; tympanum distinct; skin smooth above, granular below; very prominent inner metatarsal tubercle, small outer tubercle; tibiotarsal articulation reaches to nostril; a well-defined outer tarsal fold; anal opening ventral, covered by a free triangular flap; pupil of eye horizontal. keywords: + =; = +; = = cache: 34326.txt plain text: 34326.txt item: #195 of 365 id: 34337 author: Bee, James W. title: Birds Found on the Arctic Slope of Northern Alaska date: None words: 30863 flesch: 81 summary: Four males shot at Topagaruk July 6-9, 1951, weighed 105 (96-116) grams. Point Barrow (1951: July 3-5, 10-12, 18-20, 27-29, Aug. 5-7, 28-30, Sept. 4-11. 1952: keywords: adult; arctic; area; august; barrow; birds; feet; female; grams; july; june; kaolak; lake; males; nest; point; river; shot; south; topagaruk; water; young cache: 34337.txt plain text: 34337.txt item: #196 of 365 id: 34340 author: Durrant, Stephen David title: Three New Beavers from Utah date: None words: 3247 flesch: 60 summary: Although occurring within the same drainage as _C. c. taylori_, _C. c. pallidus_ is as distinct from it as from any other named kind. The pale color of the animals belonging to _C. c. pallidus_ was noted at the time of capture, and is the same in the young specimen (625 mm. keywords: breadth; c. c.; length; nasals cache: 34340.txt plain text: 34340.txt item: #197 of 365 id: 34353 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: The Forest Habitat of the University of Kansas Natural History Reservation date: None words: 18779 flesch: 67 summary: Other forest birds which occur in the general area, and which have been recorded from time to time on the Reservation, although they seem not to nest there, are: chuck-will's-widow (_Caprimulgus carolinensis_), scarlet tanager (_Piranga olivacea_), Acadian flycatcher (_Empidonax virescens_), veery (_Hylocichla fuscescens_), parula warbler (_Parula americana_), oven-bird (_Seiurus aurocapillus_), and orchard oriole (_Icterus spurius_). In the eighteen nineties parts of the area including some of the hillsides were still covered with a mixed forest of virgin timber (_fide_ keywords: area; diameter; elm; feet; forest; growing; honey; inches; kansas; locust; oak |; orange; osage; prairie; present; red; reservation; situations; slopes; south; species; thickets; trees; trunk; woodland; years; | | cache: 34353.txt plain text: 34353.txt item: #198 of 365 id: 34368 author: Bridges, Calvin B. (Calvin Blackman) title: Sex-linked Inheritance in Drosophila date: None words: 42104 flesch: 84 summary: | Cross- | Cross-over | | | | overs. [male][male]. | Total | Cross- | |Reference.|Females.+--------+--------+--------+-------+ males.| over | | | | Eosin. keywords: + =; = +; = =; c |; cherry |; m |; miniature |; r |; s |; type |; v |; ver |; w |; | +; | b_1; | bar; | bifid; | club; | cross; | eosin; | lethal; | overs; | reference; | total; | values; | vermilion; | w^c; | w^e; | white; | y; | |; |life | cache: 34368.txt plain text: 34368.txt item: #199 of 365 id: 34371 author: Galbreath, Edwin C. (Edwin Carter) title: Pliocene and Pleistocene Records of Fossil Turtles from Western Kansas and Oklahoma University of Kansas Publications Museum of Natural History Volume 1 date: None words: 743 flesch: 66 summary: Pseudemys_ are common also in most of the Pleistocene deposits of western Kansas. Testudo_ existed in western Kansas during early Pliocene to mid-Pleistocene time--a line of large testudinates with a carapace three to four feet long, and one line of smaller tortoises with a rugose carapace approximately six to nine inches in diameter. keywords: county; kansas; pliocene cache: 34371.txt plain text: 34371.txt item: #200 of 365 id: 34411 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: Pipistrellus cinnamomeus Miller 1902 Referred to the Genus Myotis date: None words: 3051 flesch: 73 summary: Reason for referring it to _fortidens_ rather than to _M. occultus_ is provided, however, by a series of eleven specimens of _M. occultus_ from Álamos, Sonora. This duller-colored type of animal intervenes between the geographic ranges of undoubted _M. occultus_ and undoubted _M. fortidens_. keywords: = =; cinnamomeus; fortidens; miller; myotis cache: 34411.txt plain text: 34411.txt item: #201 of 365 id: 34412 author: Galbreath, Edwin C. (Edwin Carter) title: A New Species of Heteromyid Rodent from the Middle Oligocene of Northeast Colorado with Remarks on the Skull date: None words: 3708 flesch: 62 summary: _H. gregoryi_ is reported to have an incipient tendency to form lophs, and _H. hatcheri_ does the same when worn, but by union with the anterior cingulum. The writer has not examined the asulcate, laterally compressed incisors of _H. hatcheri_, and cannot say how they compare with this specimen. keywords: bone; cingulum; cusps; foramen; palatine; skull cache: 34412.txt plain text: 34412.txt item: #202 of 365 id: 34429 author: Tordoff, Harrison Bruce title: Check-list of the Birds of Kansas date: None words: 17836 flesch: 68 summary: Linnaeus in northeast, _A. h. wardi_ Subspecies in Kansas: _A. c. septentrionalis_ Snyder and Lumsden. keywords: black; breeding; counties; county; douglas; east; eastern; gmelin; kansas; linnaeus; miles; nesting; north; records; resident; sparrow; specimens; state; status; subspecies; summer resident; text; transient; uncommon; warbler; west; western; winter resident cache: 34429.txt plain text: 34429.txt item: #203 of 365 id: 34449 author: Galbreath, Edwin C. (Edwin Carter) title: A New Extinct Emydid Turtle from the Lower Pliocene of Oklahoma date: None words: 2892 flesch: 66 summary: Hypoplastron: Length of margin bordering midline, 42; length of posterior (xiphiplastronal) margin, 40; distance from junction of xiphiplastronal margin and outer margin to point on anterior border equidistant from midline, 49 (estimated); distance between inguinal notch and anterior border, 29. --------------------+------------------------+-------------------- Old specimens | Seven or eight ridges | Ridges cover occasionally have | on lower half of | costals. keywords: = =; length; margin; scute cache: 34449.txt plain text: 34449.txt item: #204 of 365 id: 34523 author: Metcalf, Artie L. title: Fishes of Chautauqua, Cowley and Elk Counties, Kansas date: None words: 24735 flesch: 78 summary: ==================================================================== Collection number | Date | River | Location ------------------+---------------+-----------+--------------------- C-131 | April 5, 1955 | ======================================================================= Gauging |Drainage |Avg |Maximum| |Minimum| station |area |dis- |dis- | |dis- | |(sq. mi.)|charge|charge | Date |charge | Date ---------------|---------|------|-------|----------|-------|----------- Arkansas River | 43,713 |1,630 |103,000| June 10, | 1 |October 9, at Arkansas | | | | 1923 | | 1921 City | | | | | | ---------------|---------|------|-------|----------|-------|---------- Walnut River | 1,840 | 738 |105,000| April 23,| 0 |1928, 1936 at Winfield | | | | 1944 keywords: .1 |; = =; = |; area; arkansas; average; big; caney; caney river; county; creek; elk; feet; fish; grouse; june; kansas; notropis; pools; river; sec; species; stations; streams; walnut; water; | | cache: 34523.txt plain text: 34523.txt item: #205 of 365 id: 34524 author: Abbott, Henry title: Muskrat City date: None words: 7687 flesch: 79 summary: They, in common with many small forest animals, are night prowlers. It is a strict vegetarian in diet, and in its forest home does no harm to man or other animal. keywords: bige; camp; city; feet; fire; fish; forest; fur; mountain; muskrat; snow; tree; valley cache: 34524.txt plain text: 34524.txt item: #206 of 365 id: 34532 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A Synopsis of the American Bats of the Genus Pipistrellus date: None words: 3786 flesch: 72 summary: Study of the available specimens reveals that there are only two species, _Pipistrellus hesperus_ and _Pipistrellus subflavus_; _Pipistrellus veracrucis_ proves to be only a subspecies (geographic race) of _P. subflavus_, and _Pipistrellus cinnamomeus_ proves to be a species of another genus, _Myotis_ In winter, in Nevada (Hall, Mammals of Nevada, p. 150, 1946), _P. hesperus_ has been found singly in crevices in the roofs of mine tunnels. keywords: = =; hesperus; length; pipistrellus; species; specimens; subflavus; veracrucis cache: 34532.txt plain text: 34532.txt item: #207 of 365 id: 34546 author: Lowery, George H., Jr. title: Additions to the List of the Birds of Louisiana date: None words: 6676 flesch: 62 summary: #Branta canadensis hutchinsii# (Richardson), Hutchins Goose Oberholser (_op. #Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus# (Cassin), Western Snowy Plover #Charadrius alexandrinus tenuirostris# (Lawrence), Cuban Snowy Plover Oberholser (_op. keywords: cameron; december; louisiana; lowery; november; oberholser; october; records; species; specimens; state; university cache: 34546.txt plain text: 34546.txt item: #208 of 365 id: 34554 author: Breukelman, John title: Selected Records of Reptiles and Amphibians from Kansas date: None words: 3798 flesch: 79 summary: Jetmore. _Lyon Co._: 5 miles south of Plymouth; 6 miles southeast of Emporia; 9 miles southwest of Emporia. _Lyon Co._: 1.5 miles northwest of Reading. keywords: city; co.; emporia; lyon; lyon co.; miles; ness; north; nos; southwest cache: 34554.txt plain text: 34554.txt item: #209 of 365 id: 34556 author: Arvey, M. Dale (Martin Dale) title: Phylogeny of the Waxwings and Allied Birds date: None words: 20347 flesch: 70 summary: Arm-trunk Ratios (in percent) =========================+=========+========+======+=======+======= Species | Humerus | Radius | Ulna | Manus | Total -------------------------+---------+--------+------+-------+------- Ptilogonys caudatus | 85 | 92 | 93 | 80 | 2.58 Ptilogonys cinereus | 84 | 90 | 103 | 89 | 2.76 Phainopepla nitens | 84 | 98 | 107 | 91 | 2.82 Phainoptila melanoxantha | 73 | 77 | 82 | 69 | 2.31 Dulus dominicus | 78 | 83 | 92 | 81 | 2.51 Bombycilla garrula | 69 | 75 | 87 | 78 | 2.34 Bombycilla cedrorum | 67 | 76 | 85 | 77 | 2.29 -------------------------+---------+--------+------+-------+------- Table 3. Arm-trunk Ratios (in percent) =========================+=========+========+======+=======+======= Species | Humerus | Radius | Ulna | Manus | Total -------------------------+---------+--------+------+-------+------- Corvus brachyrynchos | 90 | 101 | 111 | 106 | 307 Dendroica audubonii | 68 | 82 | 90 | 77 | 237 Setophaga ruticilla | 69 | 82 | 91 | 75 | 235 Myadestes townsendi | 71 | 84 | 96 | 81 | 248 Sialia sialis | 72 | 84 | 98 | 86 | 256 Hylocichla mustelina | 75 | 81 | 92 | 80 | 247 Parus atricapillus | 85 | 90 | 106 | 81 | 272 Tachycineta thalassina | 71 | 95 | 107 | 128 | 306 keywords: + =; = +; = =; = |; birds; bombycilla; cedrorum; cinereus |; dominicus |; dulus; family; g. |; garrula; genus =; length =; male; muscles; nitens; phainopepla; ptilogonys; species; tail; text; tips; waxwings; | | cache: 34556.txt plain text: 34556.txt item: #210 of 365 id: 34579 author: Cockerell, Theodore D. A. (Theodore Dru Alison) title: Bees from British Guiana Bulletin of the AMNH, Vol. XXXVIII, Art. XX, pp. 685-690 date: None words: 2547 flesch: 69 summary: This is very like _C. viridula_ Smith, which Ducke considers a synonym of _læta_, but the base of the metathorax seems to differ, and the nervures are piceous. Museum from Bartica, which I reported as _E. piliventris_, belongs here. keywords: abdomen; black; hair; new; scutellum cache: 34579.txt plain text: 34579.txt item: #211 of 365 id: 34604 author: Duellman, William Edward title: Middle American Frogs of the Hyla microcephala Group date: None words: 16317 flesch: 69 summary: ===============+========================+======================== Character | _H. phlebodes_ | _H. sartori_ ---------------+------------------------+------------------------ Frontoparietal | Ossification extensive | Ossification moderately | anteriorly with narrow | extensive anteriorly; | medial separation; | medial separation of | fontanelle largest in | about uniform width | parietal region. | --------- keywords: + =; = +; = =; brown; costa; dark; dorsal; group; hyla; lines =; microcephala; phlebodes; species; specimens; stripe; ummz; underwoodi; | guatemala; | nicaragua; | |; | ||; || | cache: 34604.txt plain text: 34604.txt item: #212 of 365 id: 34787 author: Deacon, James E. title: Fish Populations, Following a Drought, in the Neosho and Marais des Cygnes Rivers of Kansas date: None words: 29287 flesch: 78 summary: | 1954 | 8.53 | 2,720 | .1 | 1955 | 31.2 | 6,480 | 0 | 1956 | 10.1 | 5,250 | 0 | 1957 | 68.5 | 12,300 | 0 | 1958 | 131.0 | 5,360 keywords: .2 |; 1957; 1959; = =; catfish |; cygnes; darter |; des; kansas; marais; minnow |; neosho; neosho river; neosho station; redhorse |; river; shiner |; species; station; sunfish |; upper; year; | ---------------+--------------+------------+------------+; | -|; | area; | number; | t; | | cache: 34787.txt plain text: 34787.txt item: #213 of 365 id: 34836 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: A New Pocket Gopher (Genus Thomomys), from Eastern Colorado date: None words: 1098 flesch: 64 summary: T. t. rostralis_, which occur farther west, selected differences of _T. t. retrorsus_ are: lighter color; larger skull; more inflated tympanic bullae; greater relative (to length of skull) breadth across upper incisors, rostrum, and zygomata. T. t. retrorsus_ is indistinguishable in color, length of tail, and length of tooth-row, but averages smaller in all other measurements. keywords: colorado; length; t. t. cache: 34836.txt plain text: 34836.txt item: #214 of 365 id: 34848 author: Vaughan, Terry A. title: Mammals of the San Gabriel Mountains of California date: None words: 28660 flesch: 73 summary: Further, _merriami_ occurred in the lower parts of the juniper belt in 1951 where in 1948 it seemed to be absent. Records kept of trapping localities show that _truei_ was without exception trapped within twenty feet of some treelike shelter such as junipers, pinyons, Joshua tree or scrub oaks. keywords: = =; = dipodomys; = myotis; = neotoma; = peromyscus; = thomomys; angeles; antonio canyon; areas; association; belt; canyon; chaparral; coastal; county; desert; elevation; feet; ground; juniper; mountains; near; oak; range; sage; san; san antonio; slope; species; specimens; text; wash cache: 34848.txt plain text: 34848.txt item: #215 of 365 id: 34949 author: Webb, Robert G. title: Some Reptiles and Amphibians from Korea date: None words: 9966 flesch: 76 summary: Judging from our observations, _amurensis_ prefers the proximity of water, whereas _temporaria_ may occur some distance from permanent water. At Chip´o-ri on April 6, individuals (probably _R. t. dybowskii_) were seen in a seepage pool from an abandoned rice field; _R. nigromaculata_ also was seen there. keywords: cheju; forest; korea; length; locality; nat; national; rana; seoul; species; specimens; ummz cache: 34949.txt plain text: 34949.txt item: #216 of 365 id: 34954 author: Duellman, William Edward title: Systematic Status of the Colubrid Snake, Leptodeira discolor Günther date: None words: 2371 flesch: 67 summary: Published July 14, 1958 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas PRINTED IN THE STATE PRINTING PLANT TOPEKA, KANSAS 1958 27-6708 Systematic Status of the Colubrid Snake, Leptodeira discolor Günther BY WILLIAM E. DUELLMAN At the time of completing my study of the genus _Leptodeira_ (1958) I had seen no specimens of _Leptodeira discolor_, a species described by Günther in 1860 and subsequently referred to the genus _Hypsiglena_ by Cope (1887), Boulenger (1894), and Mocquard (1908), and to the genus _Pseudoleptodeira_ by Taylor (1938). Variation._--Data on the syntypes of _Leptodeira discolor_ furnished by J. C. Battersby give some indication of the variation in the species. keywords: discolor; genera; günther; leptodeira; tantalophis cache: 34954.txt plain text: 34954.txt item: #217 of 365 id: 35043 author: Smith, Hobart M. (Hobart Muir) title: Hybridization Between Two Species of Garter Snakes date: None words: 568 flesch: 67 summary: Yet there is a rather marked tendency of _radix_ to approach the characters of _marciana_ in southwestern Kansas. Typical _marciana_ is available from Spring Creek, Morton County; Liberal, Seward County; and Clark County (no locality). keywords: county; light cache: 35043.txt plain text: 35043.txt item: #218 of 365 id: 35255 author: Smith, Hobart M. (Hobart Muir) title: The Systematic Status of Eumeces pluvialis Cope date: None words: 893 flesch: 63 summary: Bull., 23, 1935) reveals that _Eumeces anthracinus_ is composed of three geographically distinct populations: One occurs from western New York to northern Georgia, and west to Kentucky, in the Appalachian uplands or northward of them; a second centers about the Ozark uplands but extends into northwestern Louisiana, eastern Texas, central Oklahoma, eastern Kansas, and nearly as far east as the Mississippi river in northern Arkansas and southern Missouri; the third population occurs in extreme southern Alabama and Mississippi. (Cope), a form considerably more abundant in the cave than _E. lucifuga_. keywords: eumeces; kansas; oklahoma cache: 35255.txt plain text: 35255.txt item: #219 of 365 id: 35413 author: Duellman, William Edward title: A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla date: None words: 24336 flesch: 71 summary: The breeding calls of _Hyla rufioculis_ and _H. uranochroa_ consist of high melodious notes; the calls of _H. legleri_ and _H. salvadorensis_ consist of series of short notes that have the general characteristics of the call of _Ptychohyla schmidtorum_. Ptychohyla schmidtorum chamulae_ inhabits cloud forest on the Atlantic slopes of the Chiapan Highlands, whereas _P. s. schmidtorum_ lives in cloud forest on the Pacific slopes of the Sierra Madre in Chiapas and Guatemala. keywords: = =; body; brown; caudal; dark; euthysanota; eye; fingers; head; length; ptychohyla; ptychohyla schmidtorum; rows; schmidtorum; second; snout; species; specimens; stripe; surfaces; tadpoles; text; white; | | cache: 35413.txt plain text: 35413.txt item: #220 of 365 id: 35838 author: Cross, Frank B. (Frank Bernard) title: Five Natural Hybrid Combinations in Minnows (Cyprinidae) date: None words: 6654 flesch: 77 summary: | Interorbital width / | 075 | 094 | 110 Standard length | (073-078) | (091-099) | (104-113) | | | Distance from tip of | | | mandible to tip of | | Standard lengths | 43.0 | 43.0 | 26.7 | 42.5 | (39.3-47.3) | (39.3-46.6) | ... | (41.0-46.5) | | | | Head-length / | 253 | 282 | 307 | 276 Standard length | (246-262) | (280-283) | ... keywords: + =; = +; = =; = |; length |; standard; | | cache: 35838.txt plain text: 35838.txt item: #221 of 365 id: 35968 author: Arvey, M. Dale (Martin Dale) title: A Check-List of the Birds of Idaho date: None words: 8788 flesch: 75 summary: a. _macfarlanei_ (Brewster). a. _grinnelli_ keywords: bird; boise; condor; county; d. a.; davis; idaho; idaho county; latah; latah county; life; linnaeus; merrill; minidoka; moscow; records; resident; river; species; specimen; uncommon; uncommon resident; western cache: 35968.txt plain text: 35968.txt item: #222 of 365 id: 36270 author: Aveling, Edward B. title: The Gospel of Evolution From "The Atheistic Platform", Twelve Lectures date: None words: 5671 flesch: 66 summary: Man wants all we can do; our heart, our brain, our love, our faculties, all, all these are sacred to man; they must not be desecrated to the use of god. THE GOSPEL OF EVOLUTION A new and better Gospel is now preached to men. keywords: animals; evolution; forms; gospel; man; matter; motion; plants; work cache: 36270.txt plain text: 36270.txt item: #223 of 365 id: 36286 author: Jameson, E. W. (Everett Williams) title: Natural History of the Prairie Vole (Mammalian Genus Microtus) [KU. Vol. 1 No. 7] date: None words: 8938 flesch: 76 summary: _Microtus ochrogaster_ can be separated from other voles in its geographic range by a combination of several characters. Quick and Butler (1885) discussed the habits of _Microtus ochrogaster_ as well as those of _M. pennsylvanicus_, _Pitymys pinetorum_, and _ keywords: average; county; fleas; food; kansas; microtus; mites; mouse; ochrogaster; plants; prairie; prairie vole; species; table; voles cache: 36286.txt plain text: 36286.txt item: #224 of 365 id: 36473 author: Klaas, Erwin E. title: Summer Birds From the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico date: None words: 16293 flesch: 78 summary: Scientific and vernacular names follow Friedmann _et al._ |Sanderling |40444 _Myrsidea_ sp. keywords: august; breeding; carrillo; ensheathed; escárcega; felipe; female; isla; july; male; ovary; peninsula; pisté; primaries; puerto; species; specimens; testis cache: 36473.txt plain text: 36473.txt item: #225 of 365 id: 36653 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: Subspeciation in Pocket Gophers of Kansas, [KU. Vol. 1 No. 11] date: None words: 6502 flesch: 70 summary: Therefore, the color and size probably are indicative of intergradation between _jugossicularis_ and _major_. W Elkader, 3; no locality more precise than county, 1. _Trego County_: keywords: + =; = +; = =; bursarius; county; geomys; kansas; length; specimens cache: 36653.txt plain text: 36653.txt item: #226 of 365 id: 36844 author: Robinson, Rowland Evans title: In New England Fields and Woods date: None words: 47701 flesch: 67 summary: A CAMP-FIRE RUN WILD Some wooden tent-pins inclosing a few square yards of ground half covered with a bed of evergreen twigs, matted but still fresh and odorous, a litter of paper and powder-smirched rags, empty cans and boxes, a few sticks of fire wood, a blackened, primitive wooden crane, with its half-charred supporting crotches, and a smouldering heap of ashes and dying brands, mark the place of a camp recently deserted. The air is of a temper neither too hot nor too cold, and in what is now rather the good gay wood than green wood, there are no longer pestering insects to worry the flesh and trouble the spirit. keywords: air; away; bark; birds; blue; branches; brown; camp; cold; days; earth; fall; fields; fire; fish; flight; forest; fox; game; golden; gray; green; grouse; gun; half; hear; hollow; home; leaves; life; man; nature; new; note; place; season; shadows; sight; silence; sky; smoke; snow; song; sound; sport; spring; summer; sun; time; tree; voices; water; white; wild; wind; winter; woods; world; year cache: 36844.txt plain text: 36844.txt item: #227 of 365 id: 36949 author: Jefferies, Richard title: Wild Life in a Southern County date: None words: 100123 flesch: 72 summary: Many other birds exhibit a similar trait: instead of perching on the first branch, they hesitate, and daintily decline the bough not quite to their fancy. Besides the wrens, many other birds visit the wood-pile--sparrows are perpetually coming, and on the retired side towards the meadow the robins build their nests. keywords: air; away; birds; black; branches; brook; bushes; country; course; day; days; deep; distance; downs; earth; favourite; feet; field; fish; fly; garden; grass; green; half; hand; hawthorn; head; hedge; hills; hollow; house; leaves; left; level; life; look; meadows; men; nests; night; oak; open; orchard; place; rooks; round; shot; spot; spring; stream; summer; sun; surface; time; trees; wall; water; way; white; wind; winter; wood; work; yards; year; young cache: 36949.txt plain text: 36949.txt item: #228 of 365 id: 3704 author: Darwin, Charles title: Journal of Researches into the Natural History and Geology of the Countries Visited During the Voyage Round the World of H.M.S. Beagle Under the Command of Captain Fitz Roy, R.N. date: None words: 215727 flesch: 72 summary: Professor Ehrenberg finds that this dust consists in great part of infusoria with siliceous shields, and of the siliceous tissue of plants. The sand is entirely, or in greater part, siliceous; but some points are of a black colour, and from their glossy surface possess a metallic lustre. keywords: america; animals; appearance; archipelago; beagle; birds; black; body; cape; captain; case; cattle; character; chile; climate; close; coast; common; coral; cordillera; country; course; day; days; degrees; del; distance; doubt; english; evening; fact; feet; fine; food; forest; form; fuego; general; good; green; ground; habits; half; head; height; horses; house; indians; inhabitants; island; kind; land; latitude; left; level; line; living; low; man; manner; men; miles; morning; mountains; near; new; night; north; northern; number; open; page; parts; patagonia; people; plain; plants; plate; point; present; rain; reefs; rio; river; road; rock; salt; sand; sea; shells; shore; size; snow; south; southern; species; state; surface; thought; tierra; time; town; trees; valley; vegetation; view; volume; water; west; white; wild; wind; years cache: 3704.txt plain text: 3704.txt item: #229 of 365 id: 37199 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: Ecology of the Opossum on a Natural Area in Northeastern Kansas date: None words: 11995 flesch: 66 summary: These young lacked the abundant supply of fat characteristic of larger opossums in fall, and seemingly were unable to withstand exposure to chilly nights. That such factors vary from year to year is indicated by the changing ratio of summer-born young to other opossums in each of the three winter seasons when trapping was carried on. keywords: 1952; = =; april; area; females; food; grams; home; litters; march; opossums; reservation; scats; season; young cache: 37199.txt plain text: 37199.txt item: #230 of 365 id: 37210 author: Johnston, Richard F. title: The Breeding Birds of Kansas date: None words: 35387 flesch: 74 summary: TABLE 2.--ANALYSIS OF THE BREEDING AVIFAUNA OF KANSAS BY HABITAT-TYPES ========================+=============================== | Percentage of the Avifauna of +--------+-----------+---------- HABITAT-TYPE | | North | Stated | Kansas | America | Habitat ------------------------+--------+-----------+---------- Woodland: 101 species | 58 | 16.7 | 44.4 Limnic: 36 species[B] | 21 | 6.0 | 38.5 Grassland: 23 species | 13 | 3.8 | 71.3 Xeric scrub: 3 species | 2 | 0.5 | 10.2 Unanalyzed: 11 species | 6 | 2.0 | 55.0 +--------+-----------+---------- Totals: 174 species | 100 | 29.0 | 43.2 ------------------------+--------+-----------+---------- TABLE 18.--OCCURRENCE IN TIME OF SUMMER RESIDENT ICTERIDS IN KANSAS =================+===========================+============================ | Arrival | Departure SPECIES keywords: + =; = +; = =; = american; = |; april; birds; breeding; breeding records; breeding season; clutches; counties; county; date; eastern; eggs; eggs._--clutch; feet; fig; july; june; kansas =; laying; modal; nesting; nests; number; occurrence; period; records; resident; size; span; species; summer; summer resident; table; west; woodland; | apr; | median; | oct; | range; | sept; | | cache: 37210.txt plain text: 37210.txt item: #231 of 365 id: 37221 author: Hertwig, Oscar title: The Biological Problem of To-day: Preformation Or Epigenesis? The Basis of a Theory of Organic Development date: None words: 40529 flesch: 52 summary: So far as microscopical characters go, egg cells and spermatozoa are wonderfully alike in all the mammalia; in many cases we could not distinguish between those of different animals. The natural mechanism for this purpose is cell division and nuclear division. keywords: animals; body; case; cells; characters; conditions; course; determinants; development; division; egg; eggs; external; form; formation; germplasm; growth; material; nature; nuclei; nucleus; organism; organs; particles; parts; plants; process; protoplasm; rudiments; species; structure; theory; weismann cache: 37221.txt plain text: 37221.txt item: #232 of 365 id: 37228 author: University of Kansas title: Index to University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, Volume 1 1946-1950 date: None words: 10966 flesch: -6 summary: Echimys, 388 Proechimys, 390 albociliatus, Phalacrocorax auritus, 196 albolarvatus, Dendrocopos, 205 Alcántar, Roberto, 435 Alcorn, J. R., 435 alcyon, Megaceryle, 204 alder flycatcher, 187 Alexander, Annie M., 435 alexandrae, Thomomys bottae, 72 alexandri, Archilochus, 204 alexandrinus, Charadrius, 183 Rattus rattus, 468 alfalfa, 133 algodonera, rata, leonada, 465 setosa, 465 alleni, Liomys irroratus, 253, 455 almae, Hylocichla ustulata, 188, 208 alpestris, Eremophila, 205 alpine three-toed woodpecker, 205 alticola, Melospiza lincolnii, 212 Vireo solitarius, 188 altipetens, Lagopus leucurus, 200 amátze, 446 Ambrosia, artemisiifolia, 136 trifida, 134 Ambystoma, mavortium, 103 texanum, 103 tigrinum, 103 American, bittern, 196 coot, 200 golden-eye, 198 hawk owl, 203 magpie, 206 merganser, 198 pintail, 197 raven, 206 redstart, 210 rough-legged hawk, 199 americana, Aythya, 197 Fulica, 168, 200 Glaucionetta, 198 Mareca, 197 Recurvirostra, 201 americanus, Bufo, 103 Coccyzus, 202 Mergus merganser, 198 Numenius, 183, 201 Ammodramus, pratensis, 191 savannarum, 168, 191 amoena, Carphophis, 107 Passerina, 210 amoenissima, Polioptila caerulea, 208 =amphichoricus=, Proechimys, 344 Amphispiza, belli, 212 nevadensis, 212 Amyda, cartilageneus, 122 ferox, 120 mutica, 112, 119 sinensis, 119 spinifera, 112, 119 steindacheneri, 119 analogus, Baiomys taylori, 460 Peromyscus taylori, 460 Anas, acuta, 197 carolinensis, 197 cyanoptera, 197 discors, 168, 197 platyryhnchos, 197 strepera, 197 tzitzihoa, 197 anatum, Falco peregrinus, 199 Andropogon furcatus, 132 angustifrons, Spilogale angustifrons, 447 angustirostris, Cratogeomys, 452 Platygeomys, 452 annectens, Cyanocitta stelleri, 206 annua, Poa, 133 Anser albifrons, 197 anthracinus, Eumeces, 87 Anthus, pacificus, 188, 208 spinoletta, 188, 208 angulatus, Tayassu, 469 aparine, Galium, 133 apásr, 447 apatze, 446 apatzee, 447 Aphelocoma, coerulescens, 206 woodhousei, 206 Apodemus sylvaticus, 142 apus, Pipistrellus hesperus, 597 aquaticus, Scalopus, 137 Aquila, canadensis, 199 chrysaëtos, 199 =arabupu=, Proechimys, 369 arborea, Spizella, 212 arboricola, ardilla, 450, 451 Archilochus alexandri, 204 arctic, horned owl, 203 three-toed woodpecker, 205 towhee, 211 arcticus, Picoïdes, 205 Pipilo maculatus, 211 Ardea, herodias, 196 treganzai, 196 ardilla, arboricola, 450, 451 de pedregal, 449 arescens, Proechimys, 366 =argentatus=, Larus, 202 Myotis, 239 Aristada oligantha, 132 arizonae, Spizella passerina, 212 armadillo, 470 arnyi, Diadophis punctatus, 107 arrocera, pigmea, rata, 465 tropical, rata, 464 artemisiae, Molothrus ater, 210 artemisiifolia, Ambrosia, 136 Articholaelaps, glasgowi, 142 sigmodoni, 142 Artibeus, hirsutus, 442 planirostris planirostris, 442 artichoke, Jerusalem, 135 arvensis, Sonchus, 136 Arvey, M. Dale, a check-list of birds of Idaho, 195 Ascoschöngastia brevipes, 143 aserriensis, Chordeiles minor, 186 ash-throated flycatcher, 186, 205 Asio, flammeus, 203 otus, 203 wilsonianus, 203 asio, Otus, 203 astutus, Bassariscus, 447 Asyndesmus lewis, 204 Atalapha mexicanus, 444 ater, Molothrus, 210 atrata, Leucosticte, 211 atratus, Sigmodon hispidus, 466 atricapillus, Parus, 206 attenuatus, Dipodomys ordii, 553 Audubon, hermit thrush, 208 warbler, 209 auduboni, Dendroica, 209 Hylocichla guttata, 208 aura, Cathartes, 198 aureiventirs, Thomomys bottae, 28 aureus, Thomomys bottae, 61 auritus, Colymbus, 196 Phalacrocorax, 196 aurocapillus, Seiurus, 189 australis, Pipistrellus hesperus, 597 avocet, 201 Aythya, affinis, 198 americana, 197 collaris, 197 marila, 198 valisineria, 197 baileyi, Myotis, 587 Baiomys, analogus, 460 musculus, 460 taylori, 460 Baird sandpiper, 184 bairdii, Erolia, 184 Balantiopteryx plicata, 440 bald eagle, 199 baldpate, 197 baileyi, Castor canadensis, 410 banderanus, Peromyscus banderanus, 463 band-tailed pigeon, 202 bank swallow, 206 barn, owl, 203 swallow, 206 Barrow golden-eye, 198 bassanus, Morus, 180 Bassariscus, astutus, 447 consitus, 447 bat, big brown, 444 big leaf-nosed, 442 brown, big, 444 cave, 443 free-tailed, Mexican, 445 hoary, 445 long-eared, 445 long-tongued, 440, 441 leaf-nosed, 441, 442 mastiff, 445 new from Mexico, 239 red, 444 sac-winged, 440 vampire, 443 Yuma, 443 Batchelder woodpecker, 205 Beals, Ralph L., 435 belli, Amphispiza, 212 bellii, Chrysemys picta, 112 Bendire crossbill, 211 bendirei, Falco columbarius, 199 Loxia curvirostra, 211 Bent crossbill, 211 benti, Loxia curvirostra, 211 bernicla, Branta, 197 bicolor, Iridoprocne, 206 Perisoreus canadensis, 206 big, brown bat, 444 leaf-nosed bat, 442 birdseyi, Thomomys bottae, 63 bistincta, Hyla, 261 bittern, American, 196 black, rat, 468 snake, 108 tern, 202 black-billed cuckoo, 202 black-bellied plover, 200 black-capped chickadee, 206 black-chinned hummingbird, 204 black-eared, deermouse, 464 nuthatch, 207 black-headed, jay, 206 snake, 110 black-necked stilt, 201 black-throated gray warbler, 209 blackbird, Brewer, 210 yellow-headed, 210 blackish mouse, 463 Blarina, brevicauda, 137 pergracilis, 440 blue, grouse, 199 heron, 196 racer, 107 blue-winged teal, 168 bluebird, mountain, 208 western, 208 bluegrass, 132 bluejoint, 132 bob-white, Texas, 200 bobcat, 449 bobolink, 210 Bohemian waxwing, 208 boimensis, Proechimys, 350 bolivianus, Proechimys, 316 =bonafidei=, Proechimys, 378 Bonaparte gull, 202 bombifrons, Scaphiopus, 103 Bombycilla, cedrorum, 208 garrulus, 208 pallidiceps, 208 Bonasa, incanus, 200 phaia, 199 umbelloides, 199 umbellus, 199 =bonnevillei=, Thomomys bottae, 41 booby, red-footed, 180 Borbolla, Prof. Daniel Rubin F. de la, 435 borealis, Lasiurus, 444 Nuttallornis, 205 Botaurus lentiginosus, 196 bottae, Thomomys, 28 box turtle, 111 boylei, Peromyscus, 461 boylii, Peromyscus, 461 brachycephala, Rana pipiens, 104 brachyrynchos, Corvus, 206 Branta, bernicla, 197 canadensis, 196 canadensis hutchinsii, 182 hutchinsii, 182, 197 leucopareia, 197 moffitti, 196 nigricans, 197 occidentalis, 196 Brazilian spiny rats, 303 breñero, ratón, 461 Breukeleman, John and Hobart M. Smith, selected records of reptiles and amphibians from Kansas, 103 brevicauda, Blarina, 137 Proechimys, 349 breviceps, Geomys, 219 brevipes, Ascoschönagastia, 143 Brewer, blackbird, 210 sparrow, 212 breweri, Spizella, 212 Brewster, egret, 196 screech owl, 203 brewsteri, Leucophoyx thula, 196 Otus asio, 203 broad-tailed hummingbird, 204 broad-winged hawk, 198 brome, smooth, 133 Bromus, carinatus, 133 inermis, 133 bronzed grackle, 168 brooksi, Hesperiphona vespertina, 210 brown, bat, big, 444 thrasher, 168 brunnescens, Lophortyx californica, 200 brush mouse, 461 Bubo, lagophonus, 203 occidentalis, 203 pacificus, 166 virginianus, 159, 203 wapacuthu, 203 buccinator, Cygnus, 196 Buenrostro, Sr. Efrain, 435 buffle-head, 198 Bufo, americanus, 103 cognatus, 95, 104 compactilis, 96 woodhousii, 104 bulbivorus, Thomomys talpoides, 3 bull snake, 108 bullfrog, 104 Bullock oriole, 210 bullocki, Icterus, 210 bunting, eastern snow, 213 lark, 211 lazuli, 210 snow, 213 burrowing owl, 203 burrus, Proechimys, 316 bursarius, Geomys, 222 bush-tit, lead-colored, 207 Buteo, calurus, 198 jamaicensis, 198 lagopus, 199 lineatus texanus, 183 platypterus, 198 regalis, 199 s[ancti].-johannis, 199 swainsoni, 199 texanus, 183 cacomixtle, 447 caerulea, Polioptila, 208 Cafer, cafer, 204 canescens, 204 collaris, 204 cafer, Colaptes, 204 cagottis, Canis latrans, 449 Lyciscus, 449 cajennensis, Echinomys, 387 Calamospiza melanocorys, 211 Calaveras warbler, 209 Calcarius, alascensis, 191, 212 lapponicus, 191, 212 calendula, Regulus, 208 calidior, Proechimys, 316 California, cuckoo, 202 gull, 202 murciélago, 444 myotis, 444 pygmy owl, 203 shrike, 209 californica, Lophortyx, 200 californicum, Glaucidium gnoma, 203 californicus, Colymbus nigricollis, 196 Geococcyx, 184 Larus, 202 Microtus, 142 Myotis, 444 calligaster, Lampropeltis, 108 calliope, hummingbird, 204 Stellula, 204 callotis, Lepus, 469 calurus, Buteo jamaicensis, 198 Canachites franklinii, 199 Canada goose, 196 canadensis, Aquila chrysaëtos, 199 Branta, 182, 196 Castor, 409 Grus, 200 Perisoreus, 206 Sitta, 207 canescens, Cafer cafer, 204 Didelphis (Micoureus), 439 Marmosa, 439 caniceps, Junco, 212 canicollis, Proechimys, 315 Canis, cagottis, 449 latrans, 449 cantabrigensis, Rana sylvatica, 104 canvas-back, 197 canyon wren, northern, 207 caparoch, Surnia ulula, 203 Capella, delicata, 201 gallinago, 201 Cardenas, General Lazaro, 435 carilargo, murciélargo, 441 carinatus, Bromus, 133 carissima, Myotis lucifugus, 585 carolina, Porzana, 168, 200 carolinense, Solanum, 135 carolinensis, Anas, 197 Dumetella, 207 Pandion haliaetus, 199 Sitta, 207 Vesperugo, 599 Carpodacus, cassinii, 210 mexicanus, 210 solitudinis, 210 Carphophis, amoena, 107 vermis, 107 cartilagineus, Amyda, 122 casero, ratón, 468 caspia, Hydroprogne, 202 Caspian tern, 202 Cassiar junco, 191 Cassidix, mexicanus, 190 prosopidicola, 190 Cassin, purple finch, 210 vireo, 209 cassinii, Carpodacus, 210 Vireo solitarius, 209 Castor, baileyi, 410 canadensis, 409 concisor, 410 =duchesnei=, 413 frondator, 409 =pallidus=, 409 =rostralis=, 411 taylori, 410 repentinus, 409 cat, ring-tailed, 447 catbird, western, 207 catenatus, Sistrurus, 111 catenifer, Pituophis, 108 catesbeiana, Rana, 104 Cathartes aura teter, 198 Catherpes, griseus, 207 mexicanus, 207 Catoptrophorus, inornatus, 201 semipalmatus, 201 caurina, Certhia familiaris, 2-7 Megaceryle alcyon, 204 caurinus, Turdus migratorius, 208 cave bat, 443 cayennensis, Echimys, 351 Proechimys, 314 cedar waxwing, 208 cedrorum, Bombycilla, 208 celata, Vermivora, 209 celeripes, Dipodomys ordii, 549 centralis, Proechimys, 316 Thomomys bottae, 44 Centrocercus urophasianus, 200 Cercomys, 321 Certhia, caurina, 207 familiaris, 207 Chaetura, vauxi, 204 chaparral, ratón de, 461 chapmani, Cricetodipus, 536 Dipodomys ordii, 536 Perodipus, 536 Charadrius, alexandrinus, 183 hiaticula, 183 nivosus, 183 semipalmatus, 183 tenuirostris, 183 vociferus, 200 wilsonia, 184 chat, long-tailed, 209 yellow-breasted, 189 Chelonia, 284 Chelydra, 284 serpentina, 111 Chen, hyperborea, 197 rossi, 197 Cherrie nighthawk, 186 cherriei, Proechimys, 316 chestnut-backed chickadee, 207 chickadee, black-capped, 206 chestnut-backed, 207 Columbian black-capped, 206 chipping sparrow, 212 chiriquinus, Proechimys, 316 Chlidonias, nigra, 202 surinamensis, 202 Chlorura chlorura, 211 chlorura, Chlorura, 211 Choeronycteris mexicanus, 441 Chondestes, grammacus, 191, 211 strigatus, 191, 211 Chordeiles, acutipennis, 186 aserriensis, 186 hesperis, 204 howelli, 185 minor, 185, 186, 204 sennetti, 186 texensis, 186 chrysaeolus, Proechimys, 316 chrysaëtos, Aquila, 199 Chrysemys, bellii, 112 =limnodytes=, 269 picta, 112, 270 timida, 272 chrysopsis, Reithrodontomys, 459 cinarascens, Myiarchus, 186, 205 Cinclus, mexicanus, 207 unicolor, 207 cinderensis, Dipodomys ordii, 540 cineraceus, Dipodomys ordii, 550 Regulus calendula, 208 cinereoargenteus, Urocyon, 448 cinereus, Lasiurus cinereus, 445 cinnamomea, Tringa solitaria, 201 cinnamomeus, Mus, 392 Myotis, 585 Pipistrellus, 593 Pipistrellus, referred to the genus Myotis, 583 Vespertilio, 585 Circus, cyaneus, 199 hudsonius, 199 cismontanus, Junco hyemalis, 191, 212 Citellus, adocetus, 450 tridecimlineatus, 143 variegatus, 449 clangula, Glaucionetta, 198 Clark nutcracker, 206 cleavers, 133 Clethrionomys glareolus, 142 cliff swallow, 164, 206 clover, 132 clusius, Thomomys, 17 clypeata, Spatula, 197 Cnemidophorus sexlineatus, 106 coachwhip, 108 coati, 446 Coccyzus, americanus, 202 erythropthalmus, 202 occidentalis, 202 coerulescens, Aphelocoma, 206 cognatus, Bufo, 95, 104 cola blanca, venado, 470 colchicus, Phasianus, 200 colimensis, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, 448 Colinus, texanus, 200 virginianus, 200 colirugosa, murciélago, 444 collared, lizard, 105 peccary, 469 collaris, Aythya, 197 Cafer cafer, 204 Crotaphytus, 105 colombianus, Proechimys, 316 Coluber, constrictor, 107 flaviventris, 107 coludo, murciélago, 445 Columba, fasciata, 202 livia, 168 columbarius, Falco, 199 Columbian, black-capped chickadee, 206 sharp-tailed grouse, 200 columbiana, Nucifraga, 206 columbianus, Cygnus columbianus, 196 Cricetodipus ordii, 544 Dipodomys ordii, 544 Pedioecetes phasianellus, 200 Perodipus ordii, 544 Columbigallina passerina pallescens, 185 Colymbus, auritus, 196 californicus, 196 grisegena, 196 holbollii, 196 nigricollis, 196 comadreja, 447 common, redpoll, 211 rock wren, 207 tern, 202 comosa, Falcata, 135 compactilis, Bufo, 96 compactus, Dipodomys ordii, 515 Cricetodops, 515 Perodipus, 515 concisor, Castor canadensis, 410 conejo, de Florida, 468 Méxicano, 469 Conepatus, mesoleucus, 448 nelsoni, 448 tropicalis, 577 confinis, Pooecetes gramineus, 211 consitus, Bassariscus astutus, 447 constrictor, Coluber, 107 Contopus richardsonii richardsonii, 205 contortrix, Heterodon, 107 =contractus=, Thomomys bottae, 50 convexus, Thomomys bottae, 47 Convolvulus sepium, 135 Cooper hawk, 198 cooperi, Synaptomys, 130 cooperii, Accipiter, 198 coot, 168 American, 200 copperhead, 111 corax, Corvus, 206 cormorant, Farallon, 196 cornutum, Phrynosoma, 106 coromandelicus, Trionyx, 122 Corrodopsylla hamiltoni, 140 Corvus, brachyrynchos, 206 corax, 206 hesperis, 206 sinuatus, 206 Corynorhinus, macrotis, 445 megalotis, 445 mexicanus, 445 pallescens, 445 rafinesquii, 445 cotton rat, fulvous, 465 hispid, 465 cottontail, Florida, 468 Mexican, 469 couesi, Oryzomys, 464 cowbird, Nevada, 210 coyote, 449 crabgrass, 132 Crane, Harold S., Stephen D. Durrant and, Three new beavers from Utah, 409 crane, sandhill, 200 Cratogeomys, 219 angustirostris, 452 gymnurus, 252, 452 imparilis, 452 varius, 453 creeper, northwestern, 207 crepitans, Acris, 104 Cricetodipus, chapmani, 536 columbianus, 544 compactus, 515 longipes, 556 ordii, 530 palmeri, 562 sennetti, 517 Crocethia, 201 alba, 201 crossbill, Bendire, 211 Bent, 211 white-winged, 211 red, 211 Crotalus, horridus, 111 viridus, 111 Crotaphytus collaris collaris, 105 crow, western, 206 crucifer, Hyla, 88 crusgalli, Eichinochloa, 134 Cryptotis, parva, 137 pergracilis pergracilis, 440 Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes, 140 cuatralvo, ratón, 461 Cuban snowy plover, 183 cúchjerámba, 469 cuckoo, black-billed, 202 California, 202 cuitziqui, 448 cumihuatz, 448 cúmu, 451, 452, 453 cuiniqui, 450 cunicularia, Speotyto, 203 cupidineus, Dipodomys ordii, 561 Cupidinimus, 480 nebraskensis, 483 curlew, long-billed, 183, 201 northern, 201 northern long-billed, 183 currucoides, Sialia, 208 curtatus, Pipilo maculatus, 211 curvirostra, Loxia, 211 cyaneus, Circus, 199 cyanocephalus, Euphagus, 210 Gymnorhinus, 206 Cyanocitta, annectens, 206 stelleri, 206 cyanoptera, Anas, 197 Cygnus, buccinator, 196 columbianus, 196 Dalquest, Walter W., 259 Dalquest, Walter W., and E. Raymond Hall, A new bat (genus Myotis) from Mexico, 237 A synopsis of the American bats of the genus Pipistrellus, 591 Geographic range of the hooded skunk, Mephitis macroura, with description of a new subspecies from Mexico, 575 Pipistrellus cinnamomeus Miller 1902 referred to the genus Myotis, 581 Tadarida femorosacca (Merriam) in Tamaulipas, Mexico, 245 dandelion, 134 dasycnemus, Doratopsylla, 140 Dasypus, novemcinctus, 470 mexicanus, 470 decumans, Proechimys, 316 deer, white-tailed, 470 deermouse, 461 delawarensis, Larus, 202 delicata, Capella gallinago, 201 Dendrocopos, albolarvatus, 205 leucurus, 205 monticola, 204 pubescens, 205 villosus, 204 Dendragapus, obscurus, 199 pallidus, 199 richardsonii, 199 Dendroica, auduboni, 209 petechia, 209 morcomi, 209 nigrescens, 209 townsendi, 209 =denigratus=, Proechimys, 381 densiflorum, Lepidium, 133 Dermacentor variabilis, 143 desert house finch, 210 deserti, Dipodomys deserti, 65 Desmodus, murinus, 443 rotundus, 443 Diadophis, arnyi, 107 punctatus, 107 Dichromanassa rufescens, 181 Didelphis, canescens, 439 mesamericana, 439 pigra, 439 texensis, 439 virginiana, 439 Digitaria ischaemum, 132 dimidiatus, Echimys, 371 Proechimys, 371 dioica, Gymnocladus, 134 Dipodomyinae, 480 Dipodomys, agilis, 477 attenuatus, 553 celeripes, 549 chapmani, 536 cinaraceus, 550 cinderensis, 540 cleomophila, 556 columbianus, 544 compactus, 515 cupidineus, 561 deserti, 65, 496 elator, 496 elephantinus, 496 evexus, 518 =extractus=, 534 fetosus, 541 fremonti, 524 =fuscus=, 555 gidleyi, 482 heermanni, 496 =idoneus=, 546 inaquosus, 552 ingens, 496 insularis, 496 kansensis, 481 levipes, 489 longipes, 556 luteolus, 533 margaritae, 496 marshalli, 551 =medius=, 519 merriami, 496 microps, 477 minor, 482 mitchelli, 496 mohavensis, 489 monoensis, 528 morroensis, 489, 496 nelsoni, 496 nexilis, 559 nitratoides, 496 obscurus, 521 oklahomae, 514 ordii, 530 ornatus, 496 pallidus, 558 palmeri, 562 panamintinus, 496 panguitchensis, 496 perotensis, 496 perplexus, 489 phillipsi, 496 platycephalus, 496 priscus, 547 richardsoni, 511 sanrafaeli, 526 santiluciae, 489 sennetti, 517 spectabilis, 496 stephensi, 496 terrosus, 523 utahensis, 543 venustus, 496 Dipodops, agilis, 477 ordii, 530 dipper, 207 Diprionomys, 482 discors, Anas, 168, 197 dispersal of kangaroo rats, 498 dissimilis, Thomomys bottae, 60 Dolichonyx oryzivorus, 210 domesticus, Passer, 210 dominica, Oxyura, 182 Pluvialis, 184, 200 dorado, ratón, 459 Doratopsylla dasycnemus, 140 dorsalis, Picoïdes tridactylus, 205 dove, ground, 185 Mexican ground, 185 mourning, 168, 202 rock, 168 western mourning, 202 dowitcher, long-billed, 201 duchesnei, Castor canadensis, 413 duck, lesser scaup, 198 greater scaup, 198 harlequin, 198 hawk, 199 masked, 182 ring-necked, 197 ruddy, 198 scaup, 198 western harlequin, 198 wood, 197 Dumetella, carolinensis, 207 ruficrissa, 207 Durrant, Stephen D., The pocket gophers (genus Thomomys) of Utah, 3 Three new beavers from Utah, 409 dusky horned lark, 205 dutcheri, Geomys breviceps, 224 dwarf wood rat, 467 eagle, bald, 199 golden, 164, 199 northern bald, 199 eared grebe, 196 eastern, kingbird, 205 nighthawk, 185 snow bunting, 213 sparrow hawk, 199 Echimyidae, 303 Echimys, albispinosus, 390 albispinus, 369 brevicauda, 349 cayennensis, 351 dimidiatus, 371 elegans, 387 macrourus, 315 myosuros, 351 setosus, 385 trinitatis, 333 Echinochloa crusgalli, 134 Echinomys, cajennensis, 387 fuliginosus, 385, 390 leptosoma, 392 myosuros, 392 Ectopistes migratorius, 202 egret, Brewster, 196 reddish, 181 Elaphe, laeta, 108 obsoleta, 108 elasson, Gavia immer, 195 elegans, Echimys, 387 Loncheres, 351 Proechimys, 387 Pseudemys scripta, 112 Emory rat snake, 108 emoryi, Amyda, 119 Empidonax, brewsteri, 205 flaviventris, 186 griseus, 205 hammondi, 205 minimus, 187 traillii, 187 wrighti, 205 emydid turtle, extinct from lower Pliocene of Oklahoma, 269 English sparrow, 210 enucleator, Pinicola, 210 episcopa, Sonora, 109 Epitedia wenmanni, 140 Eptesicus, fuscus, 444 miradorensis, 444 Ereunetes mauri, 201 Erolia, bairdii, 184 melanotos, 201 minutilla, 201 erythrodactylus, Vespertilio, 599 erythrogaster, Hirundo rustica, 206 Natrix, 109 erythropthalmus, Coccyzus, 202 erythrorhynchos, Pelecanus, 196 escuinapae, Lynx rufus, 449 espinoso, ratón, 454 Eulaelaps stabularis, 142 Eumeces, anthracinus, 87 fasciatus, 106 obsoletus, 106 pluvialis, 87 septentrionalis, 106 Eumops, underwoodi, 445 sonoriensis, 446 Euphagus cyanocephalus, 210 European partridge, 200 Eurycea, longicauda, 88 lucifuga, 88 melanopleura, 88 evening grosbeak, 210 evexus, Dipodomys ordii, 518 evides, Peromyscus boylii, 461 excubitor, Lanius, 209 =eximius=, Mephitis macroura, 579 =extractus=, Dipodomys ordii, 534 Falcata comosa, 135 Falco, anatum, 199 bendirei, 199 columbarius, 199 mexicanus, 199 peregrinus, 199 sparverius, 199 falcon, prairie, 199 fallax, Melospiza melodia, 212 familiaris, Certhia, 207 Farallon cormorant, 196 fasciata, Columba, 202 fasciatus, Eumeces, 106 Nosopsyllus, 140 Picoïdes tridactylus, 205 fedoa, Limosa, 184, 201 femorosacca, Tadarida, range of, 247 ferox, Amyda, 120 ferruginea, Neotoma, 467 ferruginosa, rata, 467 ferruginous wood rat, 467 fetosus, Dipodomys ordii, 541 finch, black rosy, 211 Cassin purple, 210 desert house, 210 gray-crowned rosy, 211 Hepburn rosy, 211 house, 210 purple, 210 rosy, 211 fisheri, Thomomys quadratus, 6 five-lined skink, 106 flagellum, Masticophis, 108 flammea, Acanthis, 211 flammeolus, Otus, 203 flammeus, Asio, 203 Flammulated screech owl, 203 flavescens, Kinosternum, 111 flavipes, Totanus, 201 flaviventris, Coluber constrictor, 107 Empidonax, 186 flicker, red-shafted, 204 Florentiamys, 289 Florida, conejo, 468 cottontail, 468 floridana, Pseudemys, 112 floridanus, Sylvilagus, 168, 468 flycatcher, alder, 187 ash-throated, 186, 205 gray, 205 Hammond, 205 least, 187 little, 205 olive-sided, 205 scissor-tailed, 186 vermilion, 187 Wright, 205 yellow-bellied, 186 forficata, Muscivora, 186 formicorum, Mookomys, 481 Forster tern, 202 forsteri, Sterna, 202 fortidens, Myotis, 585, 586 fortis, Agelaius phoeniceus, 210 fortuitus, Parus atricapillus, 206 fossor, Thomomys talpoides, 21 fox, squirrel, 168 sparrow, slate-colored, 212 foxtail, 132 Franklin, grouse, 199 gull, 202 franklinii, Canachites, 199 fraterna, Rectofrontia, 140 free-tailed bat, Mexican, 445 fremonti, Dipodomys ordii, 524 frenata, Mustela, 447 frenatus, Putorius, 447 frentuda, rata montera, 467 fringe-tailed myotis, 444 frog, bull, 104 cricket, 104 leopard, 104 northern cricket, 104 wood, 104 frondator, Castor canadensis, 409 Fulica americana, 168, 200 fulicarius, Phalaropus, 202 fuliginosus, Echinomys, 385, 390 Proechimys, 308 fulva, Pluvialis dominica, 200 fulvescens, Oryzomys, 465 Reithrodontomys, 457 fulviventer, Microtus mexicanus, 425 fulvous, cotton rat, 465 rice rat, 465 fulvus, Thomomys, 61 =fundatus=, Microtus mexicanus, 425, 467 funereus, Aegolius, 203 furcatus, Andropogon, 132 furvior, Seiurus aurocapillus, 189 fusca, Melanitta, 198 fuscescens, Hylocichla, 188, 208 fusco, murciélago, 444 =fuscus=, Dipodomys ordii, 555 fuscus, Eptesicus, 444 Eptesicus, 444 gadwall, 197 Galbreath, Edwin C., A new extinct emydid turtle from the lower Pliocene of Oklahoma, 269 A new species of heteromyid rodent from the middle Oligocene of northeast Colorado with remarks on the skull, 289 Pliocene and Pleistocene records of fossil turtles from Western Kansas and Oklahoma, 283 Galium aparinae, 133 gallinago, Capella, 201 Gambel sparrow, 212 gambeli, Lanius ludovicianus, 209 Parus, 206 Zonotrichia leucophrys, 212 garmani, Sceloporus undulatus, 106 garrulus, Bombycilla, 208 garter snake, 110 garter snakes, hybridization, 99 gato del monte, 449 Gavia, elasson, 195 immer, 195 stellata, 195 gentilis, Accipiter, 198 Lampropeltis triangulum, 109 Geococcyx californicus, 184 Geomys, breviceps, 219 bursarius, 222 dutcheri, 224 hylaeus, 234 illinoensis, 224 =industrius=, 226 jugossicularis, 226 llanensis, 234 levisagittalis, 234 lutescens, 222 major, 229 majusculus, 223 vinaceus, 234 georgianus, Scotophilus, 599 getulus, Lampropeltis, 109 giant ragweed, 134 glareolus, Clethrionomys, 142 glasgowi, Articholaelaps, 142 glass-snake lizard, 106 Glaucidium, californicum, 203 gnoma, 203 Glaucionetta, albeola, 198 americana, 198 clangula, 198 islandica, 198 Glossophaga, leachii, 440 soricina, 440 glossy ibis, 181, 196 gnatcatcher, western, 208 gnoma, Glaucidium, 203 godwit Hudsonian, 201 marbled, 184, 201 goeldi, Proechimys, 338 golden, eagle, 164, 199 plover, Pacific, 200 golden-crowned kinglet, 208 golden-eye, American, 198 Barrow, 198 goldfinch, pale, 211 goldmani, Nelsonia, 467 Proechimys, 316 goose, cackling, 197 Canada, 196 Great Basin Canada, 196 Hutchins cackling, 182, 197 lesser Canada, 197 lesser snow, 197 Ross, 197 snow, lesser, 197 white-cheeked, 196 white-fronted, 197 gopher, pocket, 451, 452, 453 Gopherus, 184 gorgonae, Proechimys, 316 goshawk, western, 198 gracilis, Tantilla, 110 Thomomys talpoides, 6 grackle, bronzed, 168 Mesquite great-tailed, 190 grahami, Natrix, 109 gramineus, Pooecetes, 211 granosa, Trionys, 122 grasshopper sparrow, 168, 191 =gratiosus=, Proechimys, 379 gratus, Peromyscus truei, 462 gray, fox, 448 oven-bird, 189 owl, 203 titmouse, 207 gray-headed junco, 212 Great Salt Lake horned lark, 206 great, blue heron, 196 gray owl, 203 horned owl, 203 horned owl, postnatal development of, 159 scaup duck, 198 great-tailed grackle, 190 greater yellow-legs, 201 grebe, eared, 196 Holboell, 196 horned, 196 pied-billed, 196 western, 196 green-tailed towhee, 211 gregoryi, Heliscomys, 481 Grinnell, 207 chickadee, 207 water-thrush, 209 grinnelli, Parus gambeli, 207 gris, zorro, 448 grisegena, Colymbus, 196 griseus, Catherpes mexicanus, 207 Limnodromus, 201 Parus inornatus, 207 Grison, 437 grosbeak, evening, 210 pine, 210 Rocky Mountain, 210 western evening, 210 ground snake, 109 grouse, blue, 199 Columbian, 200 dusky, 199 Franklin, 199 gray ruffed, 199 hoary ruffed, 199 Idaho ruffed, 199 Oregon dusky, 199 Richardson, 199 ruffed, 199 sage, 200 sharp-tailed, 200 Grus, canadensis, 200 tabida, 200 guairae, Proechimys, 316 gularis, Proechimys, 316 gull, Bonaparte, 202 California, 202 Franklin, 202 ring-billed, 202 Thayer, 202 guttata, Hylocichla, 208 guyannensis, Proechimys, 355 Gymnocladus dioica, 134 Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus, 206 gymnurus, Cratogeomys, 252, 452 Platygeomys, 452 haemastica, Limosa, 201 hairy woodpecker, 204 Haldea striatula, 110 Haliaeetus, leucocephalus, 199 washingtoniensis, 199 haliaetus, Pandion, 199 Hall, E. Raymond, Two new meadow mice from Michoacán, Mexico, 425 Hall, E. Raymond and Bernardo Villa R., A new pocket gopher (Thomomys) and a new spiny pocket mouse (Liomys) from Michoacán, 249 An annotated check list of the mammals of Michoacán, México, 431 Subspeciation in pocket gophers of Kansas, 219 Hall, E. Raymond and Walter W. Dalquest, A new bat (genus Myotis) from Mexico, 239 A synopsis of the American bats of the genus Pipistrellus, 591 Geographic range of the hooded skunk, Mephitis macroura, with description of a new subspecies from Mexico, 575 Pipistrellus cinnamomeus Miller 1902 referred to the genus Myotis, 581 Tadarida femorosacca (Merriam) in Tamaulipas, Mexico, 245 Hall, Benjamin D., 435 E. Raymond, 425 Hubert H., 435 Mary F., 435 William Joel, 435 hamiltoni, Corrodopsylla, 140 harlequin duck, 198 Harris sparrow, 212 Hatt, Robert T., 436 hawk, American rough-legged, 199 broad-winged, 198 Cooper, 198 duck, 199 eastern sparrow, 199 marsh, 199 owl, 203 pigeon, 199 red-tailed, 163, 198 rough-legged, 199 sharp-shinned, 198 sparrow, 163, 199 Swainson, 198 Texas red-shouldered, 183 western pigeon, 199 western red-tailed, 198 Helianthus, tuberosus, 135 Heliscomys, 481 gregoryi, 291, 481 hatcheri, 291 senex, 293 =tenuiceps=, 289 vetus, 293 Helmitheros vermivorus, 189 hendeei, Proechimys, 315 hermit thrush, 208 hernandezii, Procyon lotor, 446 herodias, Ardea, 196 heron, black-crowned night, 196 blue, 196 great blue, 196 night, 196 hesperis, Corvus brachyrynchos, 206 hesperomydis, Hoplopleura, 141 Hesperiphona, brooksi, 210 vespertina, 210 hesperus, Pipistrellus, 596 Scotophilus, 596 Vesperugo, 596 Heterodon, contortrix, 107 nasicus, 107 heteromyid rodent, new species from Oligocene of Colorado, 289 Heteromyidae, defined, 480 Heteromys, 289 hiaticula, Charadrius, 183 hilda, Proechimys, 316 Himantopus mexicanus, 201 himantopus, Micropalama, 201 hirsuta, Hoplopleura, 141 hirsutus, Artibeus, 442 Hirundo, erythrogaster, 206 rustica, 206 hirundo, Sterna, 202 hispid cotton rat, 465 hispidus, Sigmodon, 137, 138, 465 Histrionicus, histrionicus, 198 pacificus, 198 histrionicus, Histrionicus, 198 hoactli, Nycticorax nycticorax, 196 hoary bat, 445 Hoffmeister, D. F. and Henry W. Setzer, The postnatal development of two broods of great horned owls (Bubo virginianus), 157 hog-nosed snake, 107 Holboell grebe, 196 holbollii, Colymbus grisegena, 196 holbrooki, Lampropeltis getulus, 109 Holbrookia maculata maculata, 105 honeysuckle, 132 hooded skunk, 448 geographic range of, with description of a new subspecies, 577 hoplomyoides, Proechimys, 315 Hoplopleura, acanthopus, 141 hesperomydis, 141 hirsuta, 141 horned, grebe, 196 lark, 205 lizard, 106 horridus, Crotalus, 111 horse nettle, 134 house, finch, 210 mouse, 468 wren, western, 207 howardi, Orchopeas, 140 Howell nighthawk, 185 howelli, Chordeiles minor, 185 Thomomys bottae, 57 hoyi, Pseudemys floridana, 112 hudsonia, Pica pica, 206 Hudsonian godwit, 201 hudsonius, Circus cyaneus, 199 humeralis, Tayassu angulatus, 469 hummingbird, black-chinned, 204 broad-tailed, 204 calliope, 204 rufous, 204 Hutchins goose, 182 hutchinsii, Branta, 197 Branta canadensis, 182 Hutton vireo, 209 Hydroprogne caspia, 202 hyemalis, Junco, 191, 212 Hyla, bistincta, 261 crucifer, 104 =proboscidea=, 261 versicolor, 88 hylaeus, Geomys bursarius, 234 Hylatomus, picinus, 204 pileatus, 204 =hyleae=, Proechimys, 361 hylocetes, Peromyscus, 462 Hylocichla, almae, 188, 209 auduboni, 208 fuscescens, 188, 208 guttata, 208 salicicola, 188, 208 swainsoni, 188 ustulata, 188, 208 hyberborea, Chen, 197 hypugaea, Speotyto cunicularia, 203 ibis, eastern glossy, 181 white-faced glossy, 181, 196 Icteria, auricollis, 209 virens, 189, 209 Icterus bullockii, 210 Idaho, a check-list of birds of, 195 jay, 206 =idoneus=, Dipodomys ordii, 546 ignotus, Proechimys, 316 iheringi, Proechimys, 373 iliaca, Passerella, 212 illinoensis, Geomys bursarius, 224 immer, Gavia, 195 imparilis, Cratogeomys gymnurus, 452 Platygeomys gymnurus, 452 inaquosus, Dipodomys ordii, 552 incanus, Bonasa umbellus, 200 =industrius=, Geomys bursarius, 226 inexspectatus, Reithrodontomys fulvescens, 458 inornatus, Catoptrophorus semipalmatus, 201 Parus, 207 inermis, Bromus, 133 invictus, Lanius excubitor, 209 Inyo, 207 chickadee, 207 nuthatch, 207 inyoensis, Parus gambeli, 207 Iridoprocne bicolor, 206 irroratus, Liomys, 253, 454 ischaemum, Digitaris, 132 isingu, 470 islandica, Glaucionetta, 198 Ixodes sculptus, 143 Ixoreus, naevius, 208 meruloides, 208 jabalinde collar, 469 Jackson, H. H. T., 440 jaeger, Pomarine, 202 jaliscensis, Liomys irroratus, 253, 454 Jamaicensis, Buteo, 198 Oxyura, 198 Jameson, E. W., Jr., Natural history of the prairie vole (mammalian genus Microtus), 125 Japanese honeysuckle, 132 japonica, Lonicera, 132 jay, black-headed, 206 Idaho, 206 piñon, 206 Woodhouse, 206 Jerusalem artichoke, 135 jeyaquihuira, 464 jihuátz, 449 juáteanapu, 469 jugossicularis, Geomys bursarius, 226 Junco, caniceps, 212 cismontanus, 191 hyemalis, 191, 212 mearnsi, 212 montanus, 212 oreganus, 212 junco, Cassiar, 191 gray-headed, 212 Montana, 212 Oregon, 212 pink-sided, 212 slate-colored, 212 kaibabensis, Thomomys talpoides, 23 kangaroo rat, subspeciation in Dipodomys ordii, 475 Kansas, amphibians and reptiles from, 87 reptiles and amphibians, 103 Kentucky coffee tree, 134 kermiti, Proechimys, 345 killdeer, 200 king snake, 108 kingbird, eastern, 205 kingfisher, belted, 204 western belted, 204 kinglet, golden-crowned, 208 ruby-crowned, 208 Kinosternon, 283 flavescens, 111 kochi, Laelaps, 142 kuaráki, 449, 450 kyphosis, 119 labecula, Peromyscus maniculatus, 461 labradorius, Passerculus sandwichensis, 190 Lactuca scariola, 133 Ladino clover, 132 laelaps kochi, 142 laeta, Elaphe, 108 lagophonus, Bubo virginianus, 203 Lagopus, altipetens, 200 leucurus, 200 lagopus, Buteo, 199 lamprochroma, Eremophila alpestris, 205 Lampropeltis, calligaster, 108 holbrooki, 109 gentilis, 109 getulus, 109 syspila, 109 triangulum, 109 Lanius, excubitor, 209 gambeli, 209 invictus, 209 ludovicianus, 209 lapponicus, Calcarius, 191, 212 lark, bunting, 211 dusky horned, 205 Great Salt Lake horned, 206 horned, 205 Oregon horned, 205 sparrow, 191, 211 Larus, argentatus, 202 californicus, 202 delawarensis, 202 philadelphia, 202 pipixcan, 202 thayeri, 202 Lasionycteris, noctivagans, 241 Lasiurus, borealis, 444 cinereus, 445 mexicanus, 444 laterale, Leiolopisma, 106 latifrons, Neotoma, 467 latrans, Canis, 449 lazuli bunting, 210 leachii, Glossophaga soricina, 440 lead-colored bush-tit, 207 leaf-nosed bat, 441 least, flycatcher, 187 sandpiper, 201 Leiolopisma laterale, 106 =leioprimna=, Proechimys, 364 lenis, Oryzomys fulvescens, 465 Thomomys bottae, 53 lentiginosus, Botaurus, 196 leonada, rata algodonera, 465 lepida, Tachycineta thalassina, 206 Lepidium densiflorum, 133 Leptonycteris, nivalis, 441 yerbabuenae, 441 leptosoma, Mus, 392 Lepus callotis, 469 lesser, Canada goose, 197 loon, 195 scaup duck, 198 snow goose, 197 yellow-legs, 201 lettuce, wild, 133 leucocephalus, Haliaeetus, 199 leucomystax, Proechimys, 352 leucopareia, Branta canadensis, 197 leucoparia, Mustela frenata, 447 Putorius frenatus, 447 leucophrys, Zonotrichia, 212 Leucophoyx, brewsteri, 196 thula, 196 leucoptera, Loxia, 211 leucopus, Peromyscus, 137, 140 Orchopeas, 140 Leucosticte, atrata, 211 littoralis, 211 tephrocotis, 211 leucurus, Dendrocopos pubescens, 205 Lagopus, 200 levidensis, Thomomys bottae, 54 levipes, Peromyscus boylii, 462 levis, Thomomys talpoides, 24 levisagittalis, Geomys bursarius, 234 Lewis woodpecker, 204 lewis, Asyndesmus, 204 Liatrus, 135 liebre, 469 limicola, Rallus, 200 =liminalis=, Proechimys, 343 limnaeus, Seiurus noveboracensis, 189 Limnodromus, griseus, 201 scolopaceus, 201 =limnodytes=, Chrysemys, 269 Limosa, fedoa, 184, 201 haemastica, 201 Lincoln sparrow, 212 lincolnii, Melospiza, 212 lineatum, Tropidoclonion, 110 lined snake, 110 Liponyssus occidentalis, 142 Liomys, =acutus=, 253, 455 alleni, 253, 455 irroratus, 253 jalicensis, 454 jaliscensis, 253, 455 parviceps, 454 pictus, 289, 454 plantinarensis, 454 Lissemys, 122 Listrophorus, 143 little flycatcher, 205 littoralis, Leucosticte tephrocotis, 211 livia, Columba, 168 lizard, collared, 105 earless, 105 horned, 106 northern plains, 106 plains, 106 Texas horned, 106 llanensis, Geomys bursarius, 234 Lobipes, lobatus, 202 lobatus, Lobipes, 202 Loncheres, elegans, 387 myosuros, 351 long-billed, curlew, 201 dowitcher, 201 marsh wren, 207 long-eared, bat, 445 owl, 203 long-tailed, 206 chickadee, 206 long-tongued bat, 440, 441 longicauda, Eurycea, 88 longicaudatus, Proechimys, 351 longipes, Cricetodipus, 556 Dipodomys ordii, 556 Dipodops, 556 Perodipus, 556 longspur, Alaskan, 191, 212 Lonicera japonica, 132 loon, lesser, 195 red-throated, 195 Lophortyx, brunnescens, 200 californica, 200 lotor, Procyon, 446 Louisiana, birds of, 179 louisianensis, Triturus viridescens, 103 Lowery, George H., Jr., Additions to the list of the birds of Louisiana, 179 Loxia, bendirei, 211 benti, 211 curvirostra, 211 leucoptera, 211 lucifuga, Eurycea, 88 lucifugus, Myotis, 583 ludoviciana, Piranga, 210 ludovicianus, Lanius, 209 Microtus, 129 Luna, P., 440 luteolus, Dipodomys ordii, 533 Perodipus ordii, 533 lutescens, Geomys bursarius, 222 Setaria, 132 lutosus, Myotis yumanensis, 443 Lutra, 437 Lynx, escuinapae, 449 rufus, 449 ruffus, 449 M. Dale Arvey, A check list of the birds of Idaho, 195 MacFarlane screech owl, 203 macfarlanei, Otus asio, 203 Macgillivray warbler, 209 macrotis, Corynorhinus, 445 macroura, Mephitis, 577 Mephitis macroura, 448 Zenaidura, 168, 202 macularia, Actitis, 201 maculata, Holbrookia, 105 maculatus, Pipilo, 211 magpie, American, 206 mallard, 197 major, Geomys bursarius, 229 majusculus, Geomys bursarius, 223 manchado, zorillo, 447 maniculatus, Peromyscus, 137, 461 mapache, 446 marbled godwit, 184, 201 marchiana, Thamnophis, 99 morcomi, Dendroica petechia, 209 Mareca americana, 197 marginella, Zenaidura macroura, 202 marila, Aythya, 198 Marmosa canescens canescens, 439 marsh, hawk, 199 mouse, 461 wren, western long-billed, 207 marshalli, Dipodomys ordii, 551 mascotensis, Sigmodon hispidus, 465 masked duck, 182 massasauga, 111 Masticophis, flagellum, 108 testaceous, 108 mastin, murciélago, 445 mastiff bat, 445 mauri, Ereunetes, 201 mavortium, Ambystoma tigrinum, 103 maximus, Pipistrellus hesperus, 598 meadow mouse, 168 Mexican, 467 meadowlark, 158 western, 190, 210 mearnsi, Junco oreganus, 212 Medicago sativa, 133 mediogriseus, Passerculus sandwichensis 190 =medius=, Dipodomys ordii, 519 Megaceryle, alcyon, 204 caurina, 204 megalotis, Reithrodontomys, 137, 455 Corynorhinus, 445 Melanitta, fusca, 198 perspicillata, 198 melanocephalus, Pheucticus, 210 melanocorys, Calamospiza, 211 melanoleucus, Totanus, 201 melanophrys, Peromyscus, 463 melanopleura, Eurycea longicauda, 88 melanotis, Sigmodon, 465 Sitta pygmaea, 207 Peromyscus, 464 melanotos, Erolia, 201 Melilotus alba, 133 melodia, Melospiza, 212 Melospiza, alticola, 212 fallax, 212 lincolnii, 212 melodia, 212 merrilli, 212 Mephitis, =eximius=, 579 macroura, 577 macroura macroura, 448 mephitis, 578 milleri, 578 vittata, 578 mephitis, Mephitis, 577 merganser, American, 198 Mergus, 198 red-breasted, 198 merriami, Pipistrellus hesperus, 597 Vesperugo, 597 Merrill song sparrow, 212 merrilli, Eremophila alpestris, 205 Melospiza melodia, 212 meruloides, Ixoreus naevius, 208 mesamericana, Didelphis, 438 mesoleucus, Conepatus, 448 mesquite great-tailed grackle, 190 metorito, 467 Mexican, cottontail, 469 free-tailed bat, 445 meadow mouse, 467 mexicana, Choeronycteris, 441 Tadarida, 445 Mexicano, conejo, 469 mexicanus, Atalapha, 444 Carpodacus, 210 Cassidix, 190 Catherpes, 207 Cinclus, 207 Corynorhinus megalotis, 445 Corynorhinus rafinesquii, 445 Dasypus novemcinctus, 470 Falco, 199 Himantopus, 201 Lasiurus borealis, 444 Microtus, 425, 467 Molossus, 445 Myotis californicus, 444 Oryzomys couesi, 465 Sialia, 208 Microdipodops, 480 Micropalama himantopus, 201 Microtus, agrestis, 141 californicus, 142 fulviventer, 425 =fundatus=, 425, 467 ludovicianus, 129 mexicanus, 425, 467 ochrogaster, 128, 168 pennsylvanicus, 128 phaeus, 426, 468 =salvus=, 426, 467 Michoacán, Mexico, an annotated check list of the mammals of, 435 squirrel, 450 Microhyla olivacea, 105 migratorius, Ectopistes, 202 Turdus, 168, 188, 208 milk snake, 109 milleri, Mephitis macroura, 578 millet, wild, 134 Mimus polyglottos, 168 mincae, Proechimys, 315 minimus, Empidonax, 187 Psaltriparus, 207 Thomomys bottae, 32 minor, Chordeiles, 185, 186, 204 minúscula, rata montera, 467 minutilla, Erolia, 201 miradorensis, Eptesicus, fuscus, 444 Scotophilus, 444 misícpápu, 449 mockingbird, 168 mofeta rayada, 448 moffitti, Branta canadensis, 196 mohavensis, Dipodomys panamintinus, 489 mokeson, Agkistrodon, 111 molaris, Nasua narica, 446 Molossus mexicanus, 445 Molothrus, artemisiae, 210 ater, 210 monoensis, Dipodomys ordii, 528 Perodipus, 528 Montana, horned owl, 203 junco, 212 montane, Lincoln sparrow, 212 montana, Pinicola enucleator, 210 montanus, Dipodomys ordii, 538 Junco oreganus, 212 Oreoscoptes, 208 Perodipus, 538 monticola, Dendrocopos villosus, 204 montera, rata, frentuda, 467 minúscula, 467 Moojen, João, Speciation in the Brazilian spiny rats (genus Proechimys, family Echimyidae), 301 Mookomys formicorum, 481 moorei, Thomomys talpoides, 19 Mountain vireo, 188 mountain, 206 bluebird, 208 chickadee, 206 song sparrow, 212 montañero, ratón, 464 moreno, ratón, 457 morning glory, wild, 135 Morus bassanus, 180 mourning dove, 168, 202 mouse, black-eared, 464 blackish, 463 brush, 461 deer, 461 fulvous harvest, 457 harvest, 455 house, 468 marsh, 461 meadow, 168, 467 Mexican meadow, 467 northern pigmy, 460 northern spiny pocket, 454 piñon, 462 pygmy, 460 spiny pocket, 454 Tarascan, 463 tropical pygmy, 460 volcano harvest, 459 western harvest, 455 western spiny pocket, 454 woods, 462 mud turtle, 111 murciélago, California, 444 carilargo, 441 colirugosa, 444 coludo, 445 fusco, 444 lenguilarga, 441 mastin, 445 narigudo, 445 pardo, 445 rojizo, 440 sacoptero, 440 siricotéro, 440 vespertino, 443 Yuma, 444 zapotero, 442 murine opossum, 439 murinus, Desmodus rotundus, 443 Mus, alexandrinus, 468 cinnamoneus, 392 leptosoma, 392 musculus, 468 musaraña, 439 colicorta, 440 Muscivora forficata, 186 musculus, Baiomys, 460 Mus, 468 Peromyscus, 460 Sitomys, 460 musk turtle, 111 Mustela, frenata, 447 leucoparia, 447 mutica, Amyda, 112, 119 Myadestes townsendi, 208 Myiarchus cinerascens cinerascens, 186, 205 Myocoptes, 143 myosuros, Echimys, 351 Echinomys, 392 Loncheres, 351 Proechimys, 392 Myotis, albescens, 239 =argentatus=, 239 baileyi, 587 californicus, 444 carissima, 585 cinnamomeus, 585 fortidens, 585, 586 lucifugus, 583 lutosus, 443 mexicanus, 444 occultus, 587 ruber, 585 thysanodes, 444 velifer, 443, 588 yumanensis, 443 myotis, California, 444 fringe-tailed, 444 Yuma, 443 naevius, Ixoreus, 208 narica, Nasua, 446 narigudo, murciélago, 445 nasicus, Heterodon, 107 Nasua, molaris, 446 narica, 446 Natrix, erythrogaster, 109 grahamii, 109 rhombifera, 109 sipedon, 109 transversa, 109 Navy, United States, 479 nebraskensis, Cupidinimus, 483 nebulosa, Strix, 203 neglecta, Sturnella, 190, 210 negra, rata, 468 nelsoni, Conepatus mesoleucus, 448 Reithrodontomys fulvescens, 457 Nelsonia goldmani, 467 nemoralis, 450 Pitymys, 128 Neotoma, ferruginea, 467 latifrons, 467 tenuicauda, 467 =nesiotes=, Proechimys, 363 nesophilus, Thomomys bottae, 34 nettle, horse, 134 Nevada, cowbird, 210 red-wing, 210 savannah sparrow, 211 sparrow, 211 towhee, 211 nevadensis, Agelaius phoeniceus, 210 Amphispiza belli, 212 Parus atricapillus, 206 Passerculus sandwichensis, 190, 211 Newfoundland, oven-bird, 189 robin, 188 newt, 103 nexilis, Dipodomys ordii, 559 nicholi, Thomomys bottae, 66 niger, Sciurus, 168 nighthawk, Cherrie, 186 eastern, 185 Howell, 185 Pacific, 204 Sennett, 186 nigra, Chlidonias, 202 nigrescens, Dendroica, 209 nigricans, Branta bernicla, 197 nigriceps, Tantilla, 110 nigricollis, Colymbus, 196 nigrideus, Turdus migratorius, 188 nigrita, Pseudacris, 104 nigrofulvus, Proechimys, 316 nivalis, Leptonycteris nivalis, 441 Plectrophenax, 213 nivosus, Charadrius alexandrinus, 183 noctivagans, Lasionycteris, 241 norteño, ratón, 454 pigmeo, 460 northern, bald eagle, 199 canyon wren, 207 cliff swallow, 206 curlew, 201 pileolated warbler, 210 phalarope, 202 pygmy mouse, 460 sage sparrow, 212 spiny pocket mouse, 454 varied thrush, 208 white-headed woodpecker, 205 northwestern, creeper, 207 horned owl, 203 long-billed marsh wren, 207 marsh wren, 207 shrike, 209 norvegicus, Rattus, 168 Norway rat, 168 Nosopsyllus fasciatus, 140 notabilis, Seiurus noveboracensis, 209 noveboracensis, Seiurus, 189, 209 novemcinctus, Dasypus, 470 nuchalis, Sphyrapicus varius, 2-4 Nucifraga columbiana, 206 Numenius, americanus, 183, 201 parvus, 183, 201 nutcracker, Clark, 206 nuthatch, black-eared, 207 Inyo, 207 red-breasted, 207 Nuttall poorwill, 204 nuttallii, Phalaenoptilus, 204 Nuttallornis borealis, 205 Nyctea scandiaca, 203 Nycticorax, hoactli, 196 nycticorax, 196 nycticorax, Nycticorax, 196 o'connelli, Proechimys, 316 obscuro, ratón, 463 obscurus, Dendragapus, 199 Dipodomys ordii, 521 Perodipus, 521 Pipistrellus subflavus, 600 obsoleta, Elaphe, 108 obsoletus, Eumeces, 106 Salpinctes, 207 occidental, ratón espinoso, 454 occidentalis, Aechmophorus, 196 Branta canadensis, 196 Bubo virginianus, 203 Coccyzus americanus, 202 Geothlypis, 189, 209 Liponyssus, 142 Sialia mexicanus, 208 occultus, 587 ocelot, 449 ochracea, Spizella arborea, 212 ochraceus, Proechimys, 316 ochrogaster, Microtus, 128, 168 ocius, Thomomys talpoides, 17 ocotero, ratón, 462 Odocoileus, sinaloae, 470 virginianus, 470 odoratus, Sternotherus, 111 officinale, Taraxacum, 134 Oklahoma, amphibians and reptiles from, 87 oklahomae, Dipodomys ordii, 514 oligantha, Aristada, 132 olivacea, Microhyla, 105 olivaceus, Regulus satrapa, 208 olive-backed, thrush, 188 thrush, western, 208 olive-sided flycatcher, 205 oquirrhensis, Thomomys talpoides, 11 Ophisaurus ventralis, 106 Oporornis, 209 opossum, 438 murine, 439 orange-crowned warbler, 209 Orchopeas, howardi, 140 leucopus, 140 wickhami, 140 ordi, Perodipus, 530 ordii, Cricetodipus, 530 Dipodomys ordii, 530 Dipodops, 530 Perodipus, 530 oreganus, Junco, 212 Oregon, horned lark, 205 junco, 212 orejudo, ratón, 455 Oreoscoptes montanus, 208 Oreortyx picta picta, 200 orestera, Vermivora celata, 209 oriole, Bullock, 210 oris, Proechimys, 365 ornata, Terrapene, 111 oryzivorus, Dolichonyx, 210 Oryzomys, couesi, 464 fulvescens, 465 lenis, 465 mexicanus, 465 regillus, 464 osgoodi, Thomomys bottae, 56 osprey, 199 Otus, asio, 203 brewsteri, 203 flammeolus, 203 macfarlanei, 203 otus, Asio, 203 oven-bird, gray, 189 Newfoundland, 189 owl, American hawk, 203 Arctic horned, 203 barn, 163, 203 Brewster screech, 203 burrowing, 203 California pygmy, 203 Flammulated screech, 203 gray, 203 great horned, 159, 203 great gray, 203 hawk, 203 horned, great, 159, 203 long-eared, 164, 203 MacFarlane screech, 203 Montana horned, 203 northwestern horned, 203 pygmy, 203 Richardson, 203 saw-whet, 204 screech, 164, 203 short-eared, 203 snowy, 203 western burrowing, 203 Oxyura, dominica, 182 jamaicensis, 198 rubida, 198 pachita, Proechimys, 316 Pacific, golden plover, 200 nighthawk, 204 pacificus, Anthus spinoletta, 208 Histrionicus histrionicus, 198 Troglodytes troglodytes, 207 painted turtle, 112 pale goldfinch, 211 paleontology of kangaroo rats, 480 pallescens, Columbigallina passerina, 185 Corynorhinus pallescens, 445 pallid black-capped, 206 chickadee, 206 pallidiceps, Bombycilla garrulus, 208 =pallidus=, Castor canadensis, 409 Dendragapus obscurus, 199 Dipodomys ordii, 558 Spinus tristis, 211 palmeri, Cricetodipus ordii, 562 Dipodomys ordii, 562 Perodipus ordii, 562 palustris, Telmatodytes, 207 panamensis, Proechimys, 316 Pandion, carolinensis, 199 haliaetus, 199 =panema=, Proechimys, 380 panguitchensis, Dipodomys ordii, 527 =paratus=, Proechimys, 382 pardo, murciélago, 445 parietalis, Thamnophis sirtalis, 110 parkmanii, Troglodytes aëdon, 207 parowanensis, Thomomys talpoides, 22 partridge, European, 200 Parus, atricapillus, 206 fortuitus, 206 gambeli, 206 grinnelli, 207 griseus, 207 inornatus, 207 inyoensis, 207 nevadensis, 206 rufescens, 207 septentrionalis, 206 parva, Cryptotis, 137 parviceps, Liomys pictus, 454 parvissima, Rana, 105 parvus, Numenius americanus, 183, 201 passenger pigeon, 202 Passer domesticus, 210 Passerculus, labradorius, 190 mediogriseus, 190 nevadensis, 190, 211 sandwichensis, 190, 211 Passerella, iliaca, 212 schistacea, 212 Passerina amoena, 210 passerina, Columbigallina, 185 Spizella, 212 pavidus, Peromyscus, 462 peccary, collared, 469 pectoral sandpiper, 201 Pedioecetes, columbianus, 200 phasianellus, 200 Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, 196 pelican, white, 196 pennsylvanicus, Microtus, 128 peppergrass, 133 Perdix perdix perdix, 200 perdix, Perdix, 200 peregrinus, Falco, 199 perfulvus, Peromyscus, 461 pergracilis, Blarina, 440 Cryptotis, 440 Perisoreus, bicolor, 206 canadensis, 206 Perodipus, chapmani, 536 columbianus, 544 compactus, 515 longipes, 525 luteolus, 533 monoensis, 528 montanus, 518 obscurus, 521 ordi, 530 ordii, 556 palmeri, 562 richardsoni, 518 sennetti, 517 utahensis, 543 Perognathinae, 480 Peromyscopsylla scotti, 140 Peromyscus, banderanus, 463 boylei, 461 boylii, 461 evides, 461 gratus, 462 hylocetes, 462 labecula, 461 leucopus, 137 levipes, 462 maniculatus, 137, 461 melanophrys, 463 melanotis, 464 pavidus, 462 perfulvus, 13 sagax, 462 sonoriensis, 461 spicilegus, 461 truei, 462 vicinior, 463 zamorae, 463 zelotes, 462 perpallidus, Thomomys, 28 perplexis, Dipodomys agilis, 489 perspicillata, 198 petechia, Dendroica, 209 Petrochelidon, albifrons, 206 pyrronota, 206 pewee, western wood, 205 pheasant, ring-necked, 200 phaeus, Microtus mexicanus, 425, 467 phaia, Bonasa umbellus, 199 Phalacrocorax, auritus, 196 albociliatus, 196 Phalaenoptilus nuttallii nuttallii, 204 phalarope, northern, 202 red, 202 Wilson, 184, 202 Phalaropus fulicarius, 202 phasianellus, Pedioecetes, 200 Phasianus colchicus, 200 Pheucticus melanocephalus, 210 philadelphia, Larus, 202 phoebe, Say, 205 phoeniceus, Agelaius, 168, 210 Phrynosoma cornutum, 106 Phyllomys, 310 phylogeny of kangaroo rats, 484 Pica, hudsonica, 206 pica, 206 pica, Pica, 206 picinus, Hylatomus pileatus, 204 Picoïdes, arcticus, 205 dorsalis, 205 fasciatus, 205 tridactylus, 205 picta, Chrysemys, 112, 270 Oreortyx, 200 pictus, Liomys, 289, 454 pied-billed grebe, 196 pigeon, band-tailed, 202 hawk, 199 passenger, 202 pigmea, rata arrocera, 465 pigmeo norteño, ratón, 460 pigra, Didelphis virginiana, 439 pileated woodpecker, western, 204 pileatus, Hylatomus, 204 pileolata, 210 pileolated warbler, 210 pillus, Thomomys umbrinus, 251 pilot black snake, 108 pine, grosbeak, Rocky Mountain, 210 siskin, western, 211 pinetorum, Pitymys, 128 Pinicola, enucleator, 210 montana, 210 pink-sided junco, 212 piñon mouse, 462 piñonero, ratón, 462 pintail, American, 197 pinus, Spinus, 211 pipiens, Rana, 104 Pipilo, arcticus, 211 curtatus, 211 maculatus, 211 Pipistrellus, apus, 597 australis, 597 cinnamomeus, 583, 593 hesperus, 596 maximus, 598 merriami, 597 obscurus, 600 santarosae, 598 subflavus, 584, 599 synopsis of the American bats of the genus, 593 veracrucis, 601 pipit, western, 188, 208 pipixcan, Larus, 202 Piranga ludoviciana, 210 Pituophis, catenifer, 108 sayi, 108 Pitymys, nemoralis, 128 pinetorum, 128 pizote, 446 planirostre, Phyllostoma, 442 planirostris, Artibeus, 442 Thomomys bottae, 66 plantinarensis, Liomys pictus, 454 platycephalus, Selasphorus, 204 Platygeomys, angustirostris, 452 gymnurus, 452 imparilis, 452 tylorhinus, 452 varius, 453 Platypeltis, 121 platypterus, Buteo, 198 platyrhynchos, Anas, 197 Plectrophenax, 213 plegadis, falcinellus, 181 mexicana, 181 plicata, Balantiopteryx, 440 plover, American golden, 184 black-bellied, 200 Cuban snowy, 183 golden, 184, 200 Pacific, golden, 200 semipalmated, 183 snowy, 183 western snowy, 183 Wilson, 184 plumbeus, Psaltriparus minimus, 207 plumed quail, 200 Pluvialis, dominica, 184, 200 fulva, 200 pluvialis, Eumeces, 85 Poa, annua, 133 pratensis, 132 pocket gopher, Michoacán, 453 new from Mexico, 251 plains, 452 southern, 451 pocket gophers of, Kansas, 219 Utah, 3 pocket mouse, northern spiny, 454 spiny, 454 western spiny, 454 podiceps, Podilymbus, 196 Podilymbus podiceps, 196 poliopus, 451 Proechimys, 316 Polioptila, amoenissima, 208 caerulea, 208 polyglottos, Mimus, 168 Pomarine jaeger, 202 pomarinus, Stercorarius, 202 Pooecetes, confinis, 211 gramineus, 211 poorwill, Nuttall, 204 Porzana carolina, 168, 200 postnatal development, horned owl, 159 Potos, 437 prairie, falcon, 199 threeawn, 132 pratincola, Tyto alba, 203 pratensis, Ammodramus savannarum, 191 Poa, 132 priscus, Dipodomys ordii, 547 =proboscidea=, Hyla, 259 Procyon, hernandezii, 446 lotor, 446 Prodipodomys, 480 kansensis, 481 minor, 484 Proechimys, albispinus, 388 =amphichoricus=, 344 =arabupu=, 369 arescens, 366 boimensis, 350 bolivianus, 316 =bonafidei=, 378 brevicauda, 349 burrus, 316 calidior, 316 canicollis, 315 cayennensis, 314 centralis, 316 cherriei, 316 chiriquinus, 316 chrysaeolus, 316 colombianus, 316 decumanus, 316 =denigratus=, 381 dimidiatus, 371 elegans, 387 fuliginosus, 308 goeldi, 338 goldmani, 316 gorgonae, 316 =gratiosus=, 379 guairae, 316 gularis, 316 guyannensis, 355 hendeei, 315 hilda, 316 hoplomyoides, 315 =hyleae=, 361 ignotus, 316 iheringi, 373 kermiti, 345 =leioprimna=, 364 leucomystax, 352 =liminalis=, 343 longicaudatus, 351 mincae, 315 myosuros, 392 =nesiotes=, 363 nigrofulvus, 316 ochraceus, 316 o'connelli, 316 oris, 365 pachita, 316 panamensis, 316 =panema=, 380 =paratus=, 382 poliopus, 316 rattinus, 316 =ribeiroi=, 361 =riparum=, 367 roberti, 353 rosa, 316 rubellus, 316 securus, 316 semispinosus, 342 sertonius, 391 setosus, 385 simonsi, 316 steerei, 338 trinitatis, 316 urichi, 316 vacillator, 316 =villicauda=, 355 warreni, 316 propinquus, Turdus migratorius, 208 prosopidicola, Cassidix mexicanus, 190 proximus, Thamnophis sauritus, 110 Pseudacris, nigrita, 104 triseriata, 104 pseudagyrtes, Ctenophthalmus, 140 Pseudemys, 270, 283 elegans, 112 floridana, 112 hoyi, 112 scripta, 112, 270 ptarmigan, white-tailed, 200 pubescens, Dendrocopos, 205 =pullus=, Thomomys umbrinus, 251, 451 Troglodytes troglodytes, 188 pulverius, Telmatodytes palustris, 207 punctatus, Diadophis, 107 purple finch, Cassin, 210 pusilla, Wilsonia, 190, 210 pygmaeus, Thomomys talpoides, 14 pygmy owl, 203 pygmy mouse, northern, 460 tropical, 460 Pyrocephalus, mexicanus, 187 rubinus, 187 pyrronota, Petrochelidon, 206 quadratus, Thomomys, 6 quail, plumed, 200 California, 200 querula, Zonotrichia, 212 Quiscalus versicolor, 168 rabbit, jack, 469 white-sided jack, 469 raccoon, 446 racer, blue, 107 radix, Thamnophis, 99, 110 rafinesquii, Corynorhinus, 445 ragweed, giant, 134 rail, Virginia, 200 Rallus limicola, 200 Rana, brachycephala, 104 cantabrigensis, 104 catesbeiana, 104 parvissima, 104 sylvatica, 104 rat, black, 468 dwarf wood, 467 ferruginous wood, 467 fulvous cotton, 465 fulvous rice, 465 hispid cotton, 465 kangaroo, subspeciation in, 475 Norway, 168 rice, 464 snake, 108 tropical rice, 464 white-throated wood, 467 wood, 467 rata, algodonera, 465 arrocera tropical, 464 leonada, algodonera, 465 minuscula, montera, 467 montera, 467 negra, 468 pigmea, arrocera, 465 setosa, algodonera, 465 tropical, arrocera, 464 ratón breñero, 461 chaparral, de, 461 cuatralvo, 461 dorado, 459 montañero, 464 moreno, 457 norteño, 454 norteño pigmeo, 460 obscuro, 463 ocotero, 462 occidental espinoso, 454 orejudo, 455 pigmeo, 460 piñonero, 462 Tarasco, 463 tlacuache, 439 tropical pigmeo, 460 volcanes, 466 rats, spiny, 303 rattinus, Proechimys, 316 rattlesnake, 111 prairie, 111 timber, 111 Rattus, alexandrinus, 468 norvegicus, 168 rattus, 468 rattus, Rattus, 468 raven, American, 206 =ravus=, Thomomys talpoides, 15 Recurvirostra americana, 201 red, 211 bat, 444 phalarope, 202 red-breasted, merganser, 198 nuthatch, 207 red-eyed vireo, 209 red-naped sapsucker, 204 red-shouldered hawk, 183 red-tailed hawk, 198 red-throated loon, 195 red-wing, 168, 210 Nevada, 210 thick-billed, 210 reddish egret, 181 redhead, 197 redpoll, common, 211 redstart, American, 210 regalis, Buteo, 199 regillus, Oryzomys couesi, 464 Regulus, calendula, 208 cineraceus, 208 olivaceus, 208 satrapa, 208 Reithrodontomys, chrysopsis chrysopsis, 459 fulvescens, 457 inexspectatus, 458 megalotis, 137, 455 nelsoni, 457 saturatus, 455 seclusus, 459 tenuis, 457 toltecus, 458 zacatecae, 456 repens, Agropyron, 133 repentinus, Castor canadensis, 409 restrictus, Sylvilagus floridanus, 469 rhombifera, Natrix, 109 ribbon snake, 110 =ribeiroi=, Proechimys, 361 rice rat, fulvous, 465 tropical, 464 Richardson owl, 203 richardsoni, Aegolius funereus, 203 Dipodomys ordii, 511 Perodipus montanus, 518 richardsonii, Contopus, 205 Dendragapus obscurus, 199 ridgwayi, Vermivora ruficapilla, 209 ring-billed gull, 202 ring-necked duck, 197 pheasant, 200 snake, 107 ring-tailed cat, 447 riggsi, Testudo, 284 Riparia riparia, 206 riparia, Riparia, 206 =riparum=, Proechimys, 367 road-runner, 184 roberti, Proechimys, 353 robin, 168, 188, 208 =robustus=, Thomomys bottae, 30 rock, dove, 168 squirrel, 449 wren, 207 Rocky Mountain, grosbeak, 210 hairy woodpecker, 204 orange-crowned warbler, 209 pine grosbeak, 210 yellow warbler, 209 rojizo, murciélago, 444 rosa, Proechimys, 316 Ross goose, 197 rossi, Chen, 197 =rostralis=, Castor canadensis, 411 rosy finch, 211 black, 211 gray-crowned, 211 Hepburn, 211 rotundus, Desmodus, 443 rough-leg, ferruginous, 199 rough-legged hawk, 199 rough-winged swallow, 206 rubellus, Proechimys, 316 ruber, Myotis, 585 rubida, Oxyura jamaicensis, 198 ruby-crowned kinglet, 208 ruddy duck, 198 rufescens, Dichromanassa, 181 Parus, 207 Thomomys, 3 ruffed grouse, 199 ruffus, Lynx, 449 ruficapilla, Vermivora, 209 ruficollis, Stelgidopteryx, 206 ruficrissa, Dumetella carolinensis, 207 rufous hummingbird, 204 rufum, Toxostoma, 168 rufus, Lynx, 449 Selasphorus, 204 rustica, Hirundo, 206 ruticilla, Setophaga, 210 sac-winged bat, 440 sacoptero, murciélago, 440 sagax, Peromyscus, 462 sage, grouse, 200 sparrow, 212 thrasher, 208 salamander, narrow-mouthed, 103 Tiger, 103 salicicola, Hylocichla fuscescens, 188, 208 Salpinctes obsoletus obsoletus, 207 =salvus=, Microtus mexicanus, 426, 467 s[ancti].-johannis, Buteo lagopus, 199 sanctiluciae, Dipodomys venustus, 489 sanderling, 201 sandhill crane, 200 sandpiper, Baird, 184 least, 201 pectoral, 201 solitary, 201 spotted, 201 stilt, 201 western, 201 western solitary, 201 sandwichensis, Passerculus, 190, 211 sanrafaeli, Dipodomys ordii, 526 santarosae, Pipistrellus hesperus, 598 sapsucker, red-naped, 204 Williamson, 204 sarisi, 464 sauritus, Thamnophis, 110 sativa, Medicago, 133 satrapa, Regulus, 208 saturatus, Reithrodontomys megalotis, 455 Saussure shrew, 439 saussurei, Sorex, 439 savannah sparrow, 190, 211 savannarum, Ammodramus, 168, 191 saw-whet owl, 204 saxatalis, Aëronautes, 204 Say phoebe, 205 saya, Sayornis, 205 sayi, Pituophis catenifer, 108 Sayornis saya, 205 scandiaca, Nyctea, 203 Scalopus aquaticus, 137 Scaphiopus, bombifrons, 103 scariola, Lactuca, 133 scaup, greater, 198 lesser, 198 Sceloporus, garmani, 106 undulatus, 106 Scirpus, 132 scissor-tailed flycatcher, 186 schistacea, Passerella iliaca, 212 Sciurus, albipes, 450 nemoralis, 450 niger, 168 poliopus, 450 senex, 451 variegatus, 449 scolopaceus, Limnodromus griseus, 201 scoter, surf, 198 white-winged, 198 Scotophilus, georgianus, 599 hesperus, 596 miradorensis, 444 scotti, Peromyscopsylla, 140 screech owl, 203 scripta, Pseudemys, 112, 270 sculptus, Ixodes, 143 seclusus, Reithrodontomys chrysopsis, 459 securus, Proechimys, 316 Seiurus, cinereus, 189 furvior, 189 limnaeus, 189 notabilis, 209 noveboracensis, 189, 209 Selasphorus, platycephalus, 204 rufus, 204 semipalmated plover, 183 semipalmatus, Catoptrophorus, 201 Charadrius hiaticula, 183 semispinosus, Proechimys, 342 senex, 451 Sennett nighthawk, 186 sennetti, Chordeiles minor, 186 Cricetodipus, 517 Dipodomys ordii, 517 Perodipus, 517 sepium, Convolvulus, 135 septentrionalis, Eumeces, 106 Parus atricapillus, 206 serpentina, Chelydra, 111 serrana, tuza, 451 serrator, Mergus, 198 serripennis, Stelgidopteryx ruficollis, 206 sertonius, Proechimys, 391 Setaria, lutescens, 132 viridis, 132 Setophaga ruticilla, 210 setosa, rata algodonera, 465 setosus, Echimys, 385 Proechimys, 385 Setzer, Henry W., Subspeciation in the kangaroo rat, Dipodomys ordii, 475 The postnatal development of two broods of great horned owls (Bubo virginianus), 159 =sevieri=, Thomomys bottae, 45 sexlineatus, Cnemidophorus, 106 sharp-shinned hawk, 198 sharp-tailed grouse, 200 short-eared owl, 203 shoveller, 197 shrew, Saussure, 439 short-tailed, 440 shrike, California, 209 northwestern, 209 Sialia, currucoides, 208 mexicanus, 208 occidentalis, 208 Sigmodon, atratus, 466 hispidus, 137, 138, 465 mascotensis, 465 melanotis, 465 sigmodoni, Articholaelaps, 142 simonsi, Proechimys, 316 sinaloae, Odocoileus virginianus, 470 sinensis, Amyda, 119 sinuatus, Corvus corax, 206 sipedon, Natrix, 109 siricotéro, murciélago, 440 sirtalis, Thamnophis, 110 siskin, western pine, 211 Sitta, canadensis, 207 carolinensis, 207 caurina, 207 melanotis, 207 pygmaea, 207 tenuissimus, 207 skink, common five-lined, 106 five-lined, 106 Sonoran, 106 skunk, hooded, 448 spotted, 447 slate-colored, fox sparrow, 212 junco, 212 Smith, Hobart M., Hybridization between two species of garter snakes, 99 Kyphosis and other variations in soft-shelled turtles, 119 The systematic status of Eumeces pluvialis Cope, and noteworthy records of other amphibians and reptiles from Kansas and Oklahoma, 87 keywords: 107; black; bottae; canadensis; dipodomys; genus; hawk; horned; kansas; mexicanus; mouse; myotis; ordii; owl; peromyscus; pipistrellus; pocket; proechimys; rat; ratón; raymond; red; snake; sparrow; text; thomomys; western; white cache: 37228.txt plain text: 37228.txt item: #233 of 365 id: 37317 author: Youngman, Phillip M. title: Geographic Variation in the Pocket Gopher, Thomomys bottae, in Colorado date: None words: 6329 flesch: 73 summary: Thomomys bottae howelli_, holotype ---+---------+---+---+---+----+----+----+----+----+----+---+--- F | 75684[1]| | | | | | | | | | | | sad. +---+---+---+----+----+----+----+----+----+---+--- F | 2982[2] |217| 59| 31|40.4|13.8|24.3|20.6|16.7| 8.6|9.2|6.8 F | 3013[2] |210| keywords: = =; aureus; bottae; colorado; specimens; t. b.; thomomys; | | cache: 37317.txt plain text: 37317.txt item: #234 of 365 id: 37350 author: Eaton, Theodore H. (Theodore Hildreth) title: The Ancestry of Modern Amphibia: A Review of the Evidence date: None words: 7793 flesch: 58 summary: A recent paper by Hecht (1957) discusses many features of _Necturus_ and _Proteus_, and shows that they are remote from each other; his evidence does not seem to prove, however, that they were of independent origin or that they need be placed in separate families. VERTEBRAE AND RIBS Development of the vertebrae and ribs of Recent Amphibia has been studied by Gamble (1922), Naef (1929), Mookerjee (1930 a, b), Gray (1930) and Emelianov (1936), among others. In: Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere, L. Bolk _et al._, 4:1-206. keywords: amphibia; anura; ascaphus; cartilage; development; evidence; fig; frogs; primitive; rib; ribs; salamanders; separate; urodela; vertebrae cache: 37350.txt plain text: 37350.txt item: #235 of 365 id: 37450 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: Aspects of Reproduction and Development in the Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogaster) date: None words: 13689 flesch: 75 summary: Later, young voles not previously recorded, came to the traps in increasing numbers. Young voles marked at birth and released with the female were rarely recovered in the period of suckling, as they ordinarily remain in the nest burrow when the female ventures out to forage. keywords: + =; = +; = =; days; females; figures; growth; length; litters; size; text; voles; young; | | cache: 37450.txt plain text: 37450.txt item: #236 of 365 id: 37512 author: Wellman, John title: A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America) date: None words: 22080 flesch: 77 summary: The _pulcher_ stock was isolated on the Pacific Coastal slopes of Guatemala, while _lineatus_ moved through the subhumid corridor of northern Middle America into México and southward toward Costa Rica (Stuart, 1954a). Conophis_ occurs in semi-arid habitat where _Cnemidophorus_ is common. keywords: + =; = +; = =; = |; body; brown; conophis; dark; dorsal; genus; length; lineatus; mus; museum; méxico; present; row; rows; scale; sci; snakes; species; specimens; stripes; text; | | cache: 37512.txt plain text: 37512.txt item: #237 of 365 id: 37566 author: Legler, John M. title: Natural History of the Ornate Box Turtle, Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz date: None words: 57685 flesch: 67 summary: T. ornata_ burrowed into the ground in October, two weeks before those of _T. carolina_ did, and continued to burrow to a maximum depth of 22½ inches. Evans (1954:23-25) considered the behavior of _T. carolina_ reported by Perm and Pottharst (_loc. keywords: + =; = +; = =; activity; adult; areas; average; body; box turtles; carapace; damm; days; degrees; eggs; farm; feet; females; fig; figs; growth; home; individuals; june; juveniles; kansas; length; number; ornate; period; plastron; range; rings; season; shell; size; species; specimens; t. carolina; t. o.; t. ornata; temperatures; terrapene; time; water; year; | | cache: 37566.txt plain text: 37566.txt item: #238 of 365 id: 37614 author: Beebe, William title: Jungle Peace date: None words: 62154 flesch: 72 summary: In imagination we could enlarge them to a swarm of silvery bees, and then my glasses resolved them into gannets--great sea birds with wings six feet from tip to tip--an astounding hint of the actual distance and depth below me of this pool-like bay. In especially dense parts we climbed to the summit of great jungle stumps and stretched a white sheet to guide the oncoming trail cutters. keywords: air; ants; army; bird; bit; black; branch; brown; color; coolie; creatures; day; dead; deep; end; eyes; feet; fish; foliage; frog; grass; green; guiana; half; hand; head; heart; hoatzins; home; house; island; jungle; leaves; left; life; light; like; man; memory; mind; minutes; moment; nest; new; old; open; past; pit; place; rain; red; rose; sand; sea; second; silence; sound; sun; surface; things; think; thought; time; trail; tree; turn; voice; water; way; white; wings; work; world; years; yellow cache: 37614.txt plain text: 37614.txt item: #239 of 365 id: 37742 author: Minckley, W. L. title: Fishes of the Big Blue River Basin, Kansas date: None words: 17958 flesch: 80 summary: Examination of the area revealed nests of _L. cyanellus_ near the debris, and some of the activity by the shiners may have been raids on nests of the sunfish. ================================================================= AREA, YEAR, |Average |Number |Number |Number AND NUMBER |length of |fish per |fish per|fish per OF FISHERMEN |fisherman-day|fisherman-day|man-hour|pole-hour[A] ---------------+-------------+-------------+--------+------------ Area keywords: + =; = +; = =; = |; basin; blue; co.; creek; fish; fishes; july; kansas; kansas river; river; river basin; sec; species; stations; streams; text; | | cache: 37742.txt plain text: 37742.txt item: #240 of 365 id: 37753 author: Dice, Lee R. (Lee Raymond) title: Notes on the Mammals of Gogebic and Ontonagon Counties, Michigan, 1920 Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Number 109 date: None words: 11984 flesch: 80 summary: The marginal forests are frequently dominated by hemlock, though often a wet hardwood forest occurs along the shores, and in a number of places along Gogebic Lake black ash swamps border the water. At the mouth of Merriweather Creek on Gogebic Lake signs were noted in a willow thicket, and muskrats were reported numerous in the region. keywords: bog; cisco; cisco lake; forest; girl; gogebic; gogebic lake; habitat; hardwood; hardwood forest; lake; lake region; point; region; water; wet cache: 37753.txt plain text: 37753.txt item: #241 of 365 id: 37809 author: Lynch, John D. title: A Taxonomic Revision of the Leptodactylid Frog Genus Syrrhophus Cope date: None words: 14893 flesch: 71 summary: Syrrhophus_ involves this species; _modestus_ and _nivocolimae_ are known to be sympatric at one locality in southwestern Jalisco, México. Except for the reduction of the outer palmar tubercle, _rubrimaculatus_ could be a member of the _leprus_ group. keywords: = =; = syrrhophus; brown; cystignathoides; dorsum; fig; fmnh; frogs; genus; longipes; males; modestus; méxico; smith; snout; species; specimens; taylor; tubercle; uimnh; ummz cache: 37809.txt plain text: 37809.txt item: #242 of 365 id: 37823 author: Duellman, William Edward title: Neotropical Hylid Frogs, Genus Smilisca date: None words: 49120 flesch: 75 summary: the nasals are separated throughout their lengths from the ethmoid, whereas the nasals of _S. phaeota_ are separated from the ethmoid by cartilage. In the _baudini_ group, _S. phaeota_ and _cyanosticta_ are allopatric, whereas _S. baudini_ occurs sympatrically with both of those species. keywords: + =; = +; = =; = san; anterior; body; breeding; brown; cnhm; costa; dark; dorsal; flecks; frogs; genus; hyla; length; lowlands; males; mus; notes; pale; posterior; present; rica; río; s. baudini; s. cyanosticta; s. phaeota; s. puma; s. sila; s. sordida; smilisca; smilisca baudini; snout; species; specimens; spots; surfaces; tadpoles; tan; text; thighs; uimnh; ummz; usc; usnm; vent; white; | n; | | cache: 37823.txt plain text: 37823.txt item: #243 of 365 id: 37894 author: Lowery, George H., Jr. title: A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of Birds date: None words: 35923 flesch: 64 summary: The effect of vertical components in bird flight 383 10. The effect of vertical components in bird flight. keywords: = =; = |; april |; birds; cone; data; densities; density; direction; figure; flight; flight density; grove |; gulf; hour; knoxville |; louisville |; mansfield |; mexico |; migration; moon; mrs; night; number; observation; ottumwa |; park |; point; progreso |; rosedale |; rouge |; sector; station |; tampico |; time; | s.; | united; | | cache: 37894.txt plain text: 37894.txt item: #244 of 365 id: 38004 author: Selander, Robert K. title: Vertebrates from the Barrier Island of Tamaulipas, México date: None words: 17580 flesch: 74 summary: In Table 4, measurements of the adult male from the barrier island may be compared with those of specimens of _C. m. prosopidicola_ from Texas and a specimen of _C. m. mexicanus_ from Veracruz; it is apparent that our specimen is assignable to the former. [Footnote A: Specimens in worn breeding plumage.] Measurements of our five adults from the barrier island are presented in Table 3 for comparison with those of _C. s. semipalmatus_ and _C. s. inornatus_ given by Ridgway (1919:316-319). keywords: + =; = +; = =; barrier; beach; birds; breeding; camp; check; fat; figures; individuals; island; july; laguna; list; miles; south; species; specimens; tamaulipas; testis; texas; text; | | cache: 38004.txt plain text: 38004.txt item: #245 of 365 id: 38021 author: Anderson, Sydney title: The Baculum in Microtine Rodents date: None words: 16302 flesch: 68 summary: _M. richardsoni_, 37903, 23-1/2 mi. S, 5 mi. He examined at least 34 specimens of _L. curtatus_ and found geographic variation in size, breadth of shaft distally, and proportions of digital ossifications to each other and to the stalk. keywords: baculum; base; breadth; co.; depth; dorsal; end; figures; length; median; microtus; point; processes; profile; shaft; specimens; stalk; text; times; ventral; view cache: 38021.txt plain text: 38021.txt item: #246 of 365 id: 38066 author: Hawksworth, Hallam title: The Adventures of a Grain of Dust date: None words: 64795 flesch: 82 summary: That is the majority of them will do this; for earthworms are like other little people--all of them are not equally ambitious or studious. But now, going from little things to big things again, notice how the mountains and the pebbles are linked together in this chain of service. keywords: air; animals; ants; beaver; birds; book; build; course; day; dust; earth; earthworm; family; farmers; feet; find; good; great; ground; help; home; illustration; kind; land; leaves; lichens; life; little; look; man; nature; new; people; place; plants; rain; right; rock; roots; sea; soil; things; think; time; trees; water; way; winds; winter; work; world; years cache: 38066.txt plain text: 38066.txt item: #247 of 365 id: 38290 author: Packard, Robert L. (Robert Lewis) title: Speciation and Evolution of the Pygmy Mice, Genus Baiomys date: None words: 41387 flesch: 75 summary: The Río Grande de Santiago may have acted in the past as a physical barrier reducing gene flow between _allex_ and _paulus_ From his knowledge of the habitats of _B. musculus_, the larger species, and _B. taylori_, the smaller species, Hibbard (1952:203) suggests that _B. kolbi_, a large species, might have inhabited lowlands, and _B. rexroadi_, a small species, highlands. keywords: = =; amer; b. m.; b. musculus; b. t.; b. taylori; baiomys; black; breadth; brown; bull; color; county; dorsum; feet; gray; hairs; hind; kansas; length; mammals; march; mice; museum; méxico; nat; north; peromyscus; pygmy; range; san; skull; south; species; specimens; subspecies; tail; text; type; univ; white; | | cache: 38290.txt plain text: 38290.txt item: #248 of 365 id: 38308 author: Burkett, Ray D. title: Natural History of Cottonmouth Moccasin, Agkistrodon piscovorus (Reptilia) date: None words: 19760 flesch: 73 summary: Snakes in general are more resistant to snake venoms than other vertebrates of similar size, but there is no immunity even to their own venom. Effects of snake venoms on snakes. keywords: = =; = |; amphibians; bite; body; cent; cottonmouths; days; females; figures; fish; food; head; individuals; length; prey; reptiles; size; snakes; species; text; time; venom; water; young; | | cache: 38308.txt plain text: 38308.txt item: #249 of 365 id: 38356 author: Findley, James S. (James Smith) title: Speciation of the Wandering Shrew date: None words: 28562 flesch: 75 summary: The _S. obscurus_ from Conard Fissure probably represents the ancestral _S. vagrans_ stock which I think reached eastern United States in Illinoian time and gave rise to _S. longirostris_. _Comparisons._--See account of _S. v. pacificus_ for comparison with that subspecies. keywords: ------------+-------+---------+-------+------------+-------- |; = =; alaska; basin; british; california; co.; coast; color; columbia; creek; great; island; jackson; lake; max |; mexico; mountains; mts; new; north; obscurus; oregon; pelage; river; rocky; s. v.; s. vagrans; shrews; size; skull; sorex; sorex vagrans; specimens; subspecies; summer; text; type; vagrans; washington; western; wsc; | | cache: 38356.txt plain text: 38356.txt item: #250 of 365 id: 38366 author: Alvarez, Ticul title: A New Subspecies of Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus spilosoma) from Tamaulipas, Mexico date: None words: 1115 flesch: 48 summary: From _Spermophilus spilosoma cabrerai_ (specimens from eastern San Luis Potosí), _S. s. oricolus_ differs mainly in pale (cinnamon) rather than dark (blackish) upper parts, but differs also in being smaller externally (judging from measurements given in the original description by Dalquest, Proc. From _Spermophilus spilosoma pallescens_ (specimens from southeastern Coahuila), _S. s. oricolus_ differs as follows: color more cinnamon especially on upper surface of hind foot; dorsal spots more distinct; smaller externally, except hind foot, which measures the same; braincase and postorbital constriction narrower; nasals shorter; auditory bullae conspicuously smaller. keywords: oricolus; specimens cache: 38366.txt plain text: 38366.txt item: #251 of 365 id: 38398 author: Duellman, William Edward title: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Rainforests of Southern El Petén, Guatemala date: None words: 18428 flesch: 76 summary: At the suggestion of L. C. Stuart, I am following Schmidt (1941:501) in placing _X. mexicanus_ as a subspecies of _X. rabdocephalus_. Schmidt (1936:151) and Stuart (1943:13) found _B. moreleti mulleri_ in bromeliads at Finca Samac, Alta Verapaz. keywords: = =; alta; black; brown; chinajá; el petén; figures; floor; forest; guatemala; length; nnw; petén; río; snout; southern; species; specimens; stuart; tail; text; toocog; trees; verapaz cache: 38398.txt plain text: 38398.txt item: #252 of 365 id: 38425 author: Olund, Leonard J. title: Geographic Variation in the North American Cyprinid Fish, Hybopsis gracilis date: None words: 9646 flesch: 71 summary: Two subspecies of _H. gracilis_ are recognized by us: one northern and eastern, characteristically inhabiting large rivers (_H. g. gracilis_), and one southern and western, characteristically inhabiting small streams (_H. g. gulonella_). One of these, _H. g. gracilis_, attains large size, and has 1) a slender, streamlined body, 2) a depressed head that is acutely wedge-shaped in profile, 3) strongly falcate fins with the dorsal and pelvic fins originating anteriorly, and 4) many scales, vertebrae, and pectoral fin-rays. keywords: = =; arkansas; characters; co.; fishes; gracilis; gulonella; hybopsis; kansas; length; missouri; north; platte; river; south; specimens; subspecies; ummz; | | cache: 38425.txt plain text: 38425.txt item: #253 of 365 id: 38428 author: Sargent, Frederick Leroy title: Through a Microscope Something of the Science, Together with many Curious Observations Indoor and Out and Directions for a Home-made Microscope. date: None words: 19401 flesch: 77 summary: ¦_ or water plants are the _Diatomaceà We find it attached to a great number of water plants. keywords: animals; creatures; eye; fig; forms; glass; head; hole; illustration; inch; lens; look; microscope; objects; piece; plants; power; tube; water cache: 38428.txt plain text: 38428.txt item: #254 of 365 id: 38440 author: Duellman, William Edward title: A Distributional Study of the Amphibians of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, México date: None words: 23484 flesch: 74 summary: _Eleutherodactylus rugulosus_ and _Hylella sumichrasti_ live along streams in the scrub forest. Although _Leptodactylus labialis_ does not appear to be so abundant as _Leptodactylus melanonotus_, the former was found throughout the lowlands of the isthmus. keywords: 1956; = =; amphibians; central; distribution; elev; environments; figures; forest; gulf; hyla; isthmus; kilometers; lowlands; mexico; oaxaca; pacific; rainforest; río; san; scrub; slopes; species; specimens; tehuantepec; text; veracruz; vol cache: 38440.txt plain text: 38440.txt item: #255 of 365 id: 38584 author: Wollaston, Thomas Vernon title: On the Variation of Species, with Especial Reference to the Insecta Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera date: None words: 54239 flesch: 49 summary: On the Pico d'Anna Ferreira it assumes a form to which the name of _H. attrita_ has been applied; when on the Ilheo de Baixo, it is the _H. papilio_; at the Zimbra d'Areia, on the Pico de Conseilho, and in the Ribeira da Coxinha, it is the _H. pulvinata_; and, in many other situations widely removed _inter se_, it puts on the shape (variable, both in size and hue) to which the title of _H. discina_ has been given. Calathus complanatus_, Koll., _Olisthopus Maderensis_, Woll., _Caulotrupis conicollis_, Woll., _Laparocerus morio_, Schön., _Omias Waterhousei_, Woll., _Helops Vulcanus_, Woll., and the _Ellipsodes glabratus_, Fab., being also larger on that rock than is typical: all of them, however, with the exception of _Notiophilus geminatus_, are there, as elsewhere, apterous. keywords: case; causes; central; chapter; circumstances; climate; conditions; country; creatures; development; distinct; fact; form; general; group; influences; insect; instances; islands; isolation; linn; madeira; means; members; modifications; nature; ones; phænomena; porto; present; question; santo; sea; species; specimens; state; subject; time; tribes; truth; wings; woll; world cache: 38584.txt plain text: 38584.txt item: #256 of 365 id: 38629 author: Darwin, Charles title: Charles Darwin: His Life Told in an Autobiographical Chapter, and in a Selected Series of His Published Letters date: None words: 151098 flesch: 70 summary: Mr. Huxley allows me to quote from a letter an account of the happy chance that threw into his hands the opportunity of writing it:-- The _Origin_ was sent to Mr. Lucas, one of the staff of the _Times_ writers at that day, in what I suppose was the ordinary course of business. Darwin _v._ keywords: account; animals; beagle; book; cambridge; case; chapter; charles; darwin; day; days; dear; doubt; edition; evolution; facts; father; fertilisation; flowers; following; friend; gave; general; geological; geology; good; gray; half; health; hear; henslow; history; hooker; hope; house; huxley; interest; journal; kind; letter; life; london; look; lyell; man; manner; men; mind; nature; new; note; number; observations; old; opinion; origin; paper; place; plants; pleasure; point; present; professor; publication; read; review; science; second; selection; sir; sketch; society; species; subject; theory; thought; time; views; voyage; wallace; way; wish; words; work; world; write; writing; years cache: 38629.txt plain text: 38629.txt item: #257 of 365 id: 38954 author: Gibson, W. Hamilton (William Hamilton) title: Eye Spy: Afield with Nature Among Flowers and Animate Things date: None words: 50077 flesch: 72 summary: All bugs _are_ insects, 'tis true, but it by no means follows that all insects are bugs. The Story of the Floundering Beetle_ _ keywords: ball; bee; beetle; black; blossom; blue; body; box; bug; caterpillar; color; day; days; feet; find; flowers; fly; green; hair; half; head; home; hornet; illustration; inch; initial; insect; leaf; leaves; length; life; moment; nest; new; paper; place; plant; pollen; red; secret; snake; specimen; spider; stigma; summer; surface; time; white; wings; yellow cache: 38954.txt plain text: 38954.txt item: #258 of 365 id: 38959 author: Douglas, Charles L. title: Comparative Ecology of Pinyon Mice and Deer Mice in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado date: None words: 36790 flesch: 71 summary: Because of its propensity to build nests under things, or in the ground, and because of its ability to use less water per gram of body weight, _P. maniculatus_ is better adapted to withstand harsh environments than is _P. truei_. P. maniculatus_ has a higher incidence of parasitism by these flies than has _P. truei_; possibly the adult flies concentrate in the open, grassy areas where _P. maniculatus_ is more abundant, rather than in the woodlands where _P. truei_ lives. keywords: + =; = +; = =; = |; adult; animals; area; drainage; end; feet; females; food; grid; ground; home; individuals; juniper; mesa; mice; n =; nest; p. maniculatus; p. truei; park; peromyscus; pinyon; plants; range; species; station; table; trapping; traps; verde; water; woodland; young; | +; | | cache: 38959.txt plain text: 38959.txt item: #259 of 365 id: 39164 author: Durrant, Stephen David title: The Pocket Gophers (Genus Thomomys) of Utah University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, Vol. 1 No. 1 date: None words: 33220 flesch: 68 summary: Remarks._--The range of _albicaudatus_ is larger than that of any other race of _ Judging from the nature of the terrain, the range of _gracilis_ does not extend eastward much beyond the Raft River Mountains. keywords: = =; = thomomys; arches; breadth |; bullae; color; county; foot |; length |; mountains; nasals |; posterior; series |; size; skull; specimens; tail |; thomomys bottae; topotypes; utah; | extension; | mastoid; | rostrum; | | cache: 39164.txt plain text: 39164.txt item: #260 of 365 id: 39372 author: Alvarez, Ticul title: The Recent Mammals of Tamaulipas, México date: None words: 44129 flesch: 74 summary: This is the most common species of _Reithrodontomys_ in Tamaulipas; it occurs in almost all parts of the state, from sea level to high up in the mountains and from the tropical forest to the desert plain. Of the many young taken, 15 specimens were saved from Ejido Santa Isabel where _P. leucopus_ was abundant in an area of chaparral consisting of wild tomate, zapote, huizache and salvadora. keywords: = =; allen; altamira; amer; breadth; de tamaulipas; distribution; females; goldman; goodwin; grams; hist; june; length; locality; madre; mammals; measurements; miles; mus; méxico; nat; north; occurrence._--specimens; proc; rancho; records; san; sierra; sierra de; species; specimens; state; subspecies; tamaulipas; text; type; victoria; washington cache: 39372.txt plain text: 39372.txt item: #261 of 365 id: 39396 author: Martin, Edwin Perry title: A Population Study of the Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogaster) in Northeastern Kansas date: None words: 22865 flesch: 73 summary: No intolerance of other voles exists and, in laboratory cages, groups of voles lived together peaceably from the time they are placed together. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOME RANGE SIZE AND LENGTH OF TIME ON THE STUDY AREA ====================================================================== No. months on area 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mean range in acres .09 .09 keywords: 1952; = =; age; areas; cotton; females; field; fig; individuals; jour; kansas; mammals; mean; microtus; months; number; ochrogaster; population; range; reservation; study; summer; text; trapping; traps; voles cache: 39396.txt plain text: 39396.txt item: #262 of 365 id: 39910 author: Gosse, Philip Henry title: Omphalos: An Attempt to Untie the Geological Knot date: None words: 75444 flesch: 64 summary: _c._ rolled up; front view.] If the glacier-valley debouch on the sea, the ice gradually projects more and more, until the motions of the waves break off a great mass, which floats away, carrying on its surface the accumulation of boulders, gravel, and other _débris_ which it had acquired during its formation. keywords: age; animal; body; case; condition; course; creation; development; earth; egg; eggs; evidence; existence; fact; feet; form; formation; growth; history; illustration; individual; layers; leaf; leaves; length; life; like; living; man; mass; matter; moment; nature; new; number; organism; parent; past; period; phenomena; plant; plates; point; present; process; sea; set; shell; species; stage; stem; strata; structure; surface; teeth; time; tree; trunk; water; world; years; young cache: 39910.txt plain text: 39910.txt item: #263 of 365 id: 39958 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus date: None words: 67884 flesch: 71 summary: =================+===========+============+===========+=========+========= | Number of | | Standard | | SOURCE OF SAMPLE| clutches | Mean | deviation | Maximum | Minimum -----------------+-----------+------------+-----------+---------+--------- Early ovarian | 25 | 11.4 ± .46 ==========+==============+===============+=========+=============+==========+============= | Numbers | | | | | AUTHOR | of eggs | Date recorded | Natural | Laying date | Hatching | keywords: + =; 1950; 1951; 1952; = +; = =; = |; area; body |; burt |; clutch |; date |; eggs; eumeces; fasciatus; feet; female |; foot |; head |; hibernation |; kansas; length |; months |; range; rock; skinks; species; temperature; time; vent |; weight |; width |; x |; year; young; | .7; | ad; | adult; | age; | apr; | average; | co.; | diameter; | individuals; | july; | nest; | number; | sample; | season; | sept; | size; | tail; | |; | |april; | |june; |male | cache: 39958.txt plain text: 39958.txt item: #264 of 365 id: 39969 author: Hunter, George W. (George William) title: A Civic Biology, Presented in Problems date: None words: 129977 flesch: 72 summary: Find, by comparison with the Figure, the _dorsal_, _anal_, and _caudal_ fins. Other Parasitic Animals cause Disease.--Besides parasitic protozoans other forms of animals have been found that _cause_ disease. keywords: = =; air; alcohol; american; animals; bacteria; biology; birds; blood; bodies; body; book; carbon; cause; cells; city; company; conditions; day; dioxide; disease; effect; eggs; energy; environment; example; experiment; fish; flower; fluid; food; food tube; form; frog; functions; glands; green; growth; health; heart; human; illustration; importance; insects; intestine; laboratory; leaf; leaves; life; light; living; lungs; making; man; material; matter; means; milk; mouth; muscles; new; nitrogen; number; order; organs; oxygen; parts; place; plants; pollen; process; protein; protoplasm; relation; root; school; seeds; shows; skin; small; soil; starch; states; structure; study; substances; sugar; supply; surface; system; temperature; test; time; tissues; trees; tube; use; value; water; week; work; young; | | cache: 39969.txt plain text: 39969.txt item: #265 of 365 id: 40005 author: Webb, Robert G. title: North American Recent Soft-Shelled Turtles (Family Trionychidae) date: None words: 86618 flesch: 72 summary: He distinguished between _muticus_ and _spinifer_ principally by the shape of the epiplastron; _T. ferox_ was not considered different from _spinifer_. In east-central Illinois P. W. Smith (1947:39) recorded _spinifer_ in mud-bottomed dredge ditches, lakes, ponds, small streams and rivers, whereas _muticus_ was found to prefer rivers having clean, sandy bottoms and was not taken from lakes or small streams. keywords: = =; adult; american; amphibians; asper; black; carapace; centimeters; cit; county; creek; dark; dorsal; dots; drainage; edge; eggs; emoryi; females; ferox; fig; figs; genus; guadalupensis; hartwegi; having; head; individuals; june; kansas; lake; length; line; loc; louisiana; millimeters; mississippi; muticus; nat; near; new; north; number; ocelli; pale; pallidus; pattern; plastron; pls; posteriorly; reptiles; resembles; river; river drainage; rã­o; size; skulls; snout; softshells; species; specimens; spinifer; spinifer spinifer; spots; stejneger; subspecies; surface; t. ferox; t. muticus; t. s.; texas; trionyx; trionyx spinifer; tubercles; turtles; type; ummz; usnm; variation; water; white; width; | | cache: 40005.txt plain text: 40005.txt item: #266 of 365 id: 40110 author: Krutzsch, Philip H. (Philip Henry) title: North American Jumping Mice (Genus Zapus) date: None words: 57130 flesch: 77 summary: _Zapus_ and _ The molars of _Zapus_ and _Napaeozapus_ are flat crowned; however, _Zapus_ has wider and fewer re-entrant bays, a smaller anteroconid, and less complexity in the occlusal pattern. keywords: ------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+----- |; = =; = |; arch |; averaging; black; braincase |; buff; bullae; california; characters; co.; color; county; creek; figs; foramina; groups |; hudsonius; jumping; labial |; lake; length |; long; max |; mean |; mice; min |; mvz; narrow; near; new; nmc; notch |; park; princeps; range; region; river; shape; sides; size; skull; specimens; subspecies; text; trinotatus; usbs; white; width |; z. h.; z. p.; zapus; zapus hudsonius; zapus princeps; | 1st; | breadth; | complex; | condylobasal; | distance; | incisors; | mastoid; | north; | occipitonasal; | palatal; | pattern; | variable; | zygomatic; | | cache: 40110.txt plain text: 40110.txt item: #267 of 365 id: 40112 author: Phillips, Carleton J. title: Systematics of Megachiropteran Bats in the Solomon Islands date: None words: 23238 flesch: 71 summary: However, Troughton (1936:350) pointed out that in addition to size _bougainville_ differed from _papuanus_ by having narrower and longer pm3 and pm4. As shown in Table 3, the specimens from Fauro average slightly larger than those of _minor_ from Choiseul and Santa Ysabel and slightly smaller than specimens of _bougainville_ from Kolombangara and Guadalcanal. keywords: + =; = +; = =; = p.; = |; andersen; bats; bougainville; choiseul; fig; forearm; guadalcanal; islands; length; museum; nat; new; pteropus; rayneri; solomon; specimens; subspecies; | pt; | x|; | | cache: 40112.txt plain text: 40112.txt item: #268 of 365 id: 40249 author: Egerton-Warburton, Geoffrey title: In a Cheshire Garden: Natural History Notes date: None words: 28072 flesch: 75 summary: In the evening of the second day of snow, when the maid went to light the porch lamp, she saw this plate, as she described it, full of wrens (little birds with their tails turned up over their backs, she called them); there must have been, she thought, certainly not less than fifteen of them. Generally they build in a tree at some distance away, where they make their presence known by noisy attacks on other birds; but once they had their nest in a Scotch fir close to the house, and then they were so quiet as almost to escape notice altogether. keywords: birds; cheshire; close; day; end; fly; food; garden; ground; house; left; nest; place; robins; song; sparrows; spring; stand; time; tits; tom; tree; way; winter; year cache: 40249.txt plain text: 40249.txt item: #269 of 365 id: 40282 author: Russell, Robert J. title: Evolution and Classification of the Pocket Gophers of the Subfamily Geomyinae date: None words: 42408 flesch: 65 summary: The dentition of _G. quinni_ is essentially the same as in the living species except that open lateral re-entrant angles are retained in the premolars. See Gazin (1942:481-484), Wilson (1937:39-40), Hibbard (1958:25), and Hibbard _et al._ keywords: = =; amer; anterior; county; deposits; dikkomys; enamel; fauna; genera; genus; geomyini; geomys; hibbard; lingual; local; middle; miocene; molars; mus; orthogeomys; pappogeomys; pattern; plate; pleistocene; pliocene; pliosaccomys; posterior; species; stages; subgenus; teeth; thomomys; tooth; tribe; type; upper; wear; | | cache: 40282.txt plain text: 40282.txt item: #270 of 365 id: 40447 author: Ransome, Arthur title: Pond and Stream date: None words: 12970 flesch: 84 summary: Little black wriggling water snakes they look like, though they are nothing of the sort, and we sometimes remind each other of the tale of the Gorgon's Head, with all its snaky crop. And, far, far smaller than these, there are little things in the pond, so little that we really cannot see them at all unless we put them under a microscope. keywords: elf; imp; lake; look; people; pond; round; stone; stream; things; time; water cache: 40447.txt plain text: 40447.txt item: #271 of 365 id: 40448 author: Ransome, Arthur title: The Child's Book of the Seasons date: None words: 12834 flesch: 86 summary: But little lambs and their grey mothers are very nervous, and long before we are really close to them the grey sheep moves away, and the little white lamb jumps up and scampers after her. And all along the high wall of the orchard on the garden side grow plums, broad trees flat against the wall fastened up to it by little pieces of black stuff with a nail on each side of the boughs. keywords: autumn; cuckoo; day; elf; green; hay; imp; leaves; spring; summer; time; winter cache: 40448.txt plain text: 40448.txt item: #272 of 365 id: 40701 author: Hibberd, Shirley title: The Book of the Aquarium and Water Cabinet or Practical Instructions on the Formation, Stocking, and Mangement, in all Seasons, of Collections of Fresh Water and Marine Life date: None words: 42241 flesch: 70 summary: As a rule, green weeds are the best, the red sorts offer some lovely specimens that do well in an _established_ tank, though none of them succeed in recently prepared artificial water. Transcriber's Note: Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=. keywords: 12mo; 8vo; animal; aquarian; aquarium; aquatic; beauty; body; book; cabinet; carp; case; chapter; cloth; collection; common; creatures; fishes; fly; form; glass; great; green; history; illustration; inches; jars; kinds; larva; life; management; marine; means; nature; new; oxygen; place; plants; price; schools; sea; species; specimens; stock; surface; tank; time; use; vessel; water; water tank; work cache: 40701.txt plain text: 40701.txt item: #273 of 365 id: 40919 author: Scoville, Samuel title: Everyday Adventures date: None words: 66570 flesch: 83 summary: Sometimes we go south, and become acquainted with blue-gray gnatcatchers and prothonotary warblers and summer tanagers and mocking-birds and blue grosbeaks, and other birds which we never see here. To-day the first nest discovered was that of the junco, or slate-colored snowbird, whose jingling little song and the flutter of whose white skirts were everywhere throughout the woods. keywords: air; away; band; bat; bear; bird; black; blue; brown; captain; dark; day; deep; eggs; end; eyes; feet; find; fox; grass; gray; green; ground; half; head; hole; home; house; leaves; life; little; marsh; morning; mother; near; nest; new; night; notes; path; red; snow; song; sparrow; spring; tail; thrush; time; tree; warbler; water; white; wild; winter; woods; years; yellow cache: 40919.txt plain text: 40919.txt item: #274 of 365 id: 414 author: Jefferies, Richard title: The Pageant of Summer date: None words: 7269 flesch: 82 summary: On the fingers they left a green scent; rushes have a separate scent of green, so, too, have ferns, very different from that of grass or leaves. Every blade of grass, each leaf, each separate floret and petal, is an inscription speaking of hope. keywords: air; field; flowers; grass; green; hedge; leaves; life; oak; summer; sun; tree cache: 414.txt plain text: 414.txt item: #275 of 365 id: 41812 author: Holmes, E. Bruce title: Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes) date: None words: 48638 flesch: 58 summary: | | | | | | peroneal sheath |x| |x|x| | |x| | | | | | | | | | |x|x| | | | cutaneous peroneal branch | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Extensor iliofibularis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | keywords: = =; brevis |; division |; externus |; gastrocnemius |; iii |; internus |; ischiofemoralis |; iv |; longus |; m. flexor; medialis |; medius |; nerve |; pars |; profundus |; | adductor; | branch; | digiti; | extensor; | flexor; | insertion; | origin; | perforatus; | plantaris; | surface; | tendon; | |; | |x|; | |x|x|x|; | ||; |1|| |; |obturator |; |x|x| |; || | cache: 41812.txt plain text: 41812.txt item: #276 of 365 id: 42537 author: Baker, Rollin H. (Rollin Harold) title: The Avifauna of Micronesia, Its Origin, Evolution, and Distribution date: None words: 166283 flesch: 79 summary: The latter also shows relationships to immature specimens of _M. leucotis_ and to _M. guttula_ of Melanesia. Mayr (1944b:8) contends that his name, _Rhamphozosterops sanfordi_, is valid because the mailing date of the journal (Ornithologische Monatsberichte) in which _R. sanfordi_ was proposed was November 4, 1931, while his investigations show that the earliest mailing date to European and American ornithologists and libraries of the issue of Dobutsugaku Zasshi in which the name _ keywords: + =; 1946; = +; = =; = aplonis; = guam; = kusaie; = tinian; = |; a. p.; abhandl; adult; amer; amnh; area; avium; babelthuap; bernice p.; bill; birds; birds british; birds micronesia; birds southwest; birds world; black; brown; caroline =; caroline islands; cat; coultas; coverts; dark; dresden; feathers; feet; females |; field; finsch; geographic; godeffroy; gray; hand; hartert; hartlaub; ibis; idem; islands |; japanese; journ; koror; kuroda; list birds; locality; london; mariana islands; marianas; marianen =; marianne =; marshall; marshall islands; mathews; mayr; micronesia =; momiyama; mus; namru2; nat; new; notes; novit; ornith; oustalet; p. bishop; p. c.; p. l.; p. p.; p. pelewensis; pacific; palau islands; paris; party; peleliu; pelew; pelew islands; ponapé; proc; resembles; rev; rota; saipan; sex |; shore birds; soc; specimens; subspecies |; syst; table; tail |; takatsukasa; tori; truk; type; ualan; und; usnm; vol; white; wiglesworth; yamashina; yap; zool; | males; | number; | palau; | tarsus; | wing; | | cache: 42537.txt plain text: 42537.txt item: #277 of 365 id: 42591 author: Kirkham, Stanton Davis title: In the Open: Intimate Studies and Appreciations of Nature date: None words: 46272 flesch: 79 summary: Now, the days are full of pleasing suggestions because of little birds shyly flitting with plant-down and with rootlets and dried grasses. It is perhaps the subdued light which inspires a certain solemn and hymn-like quality in the notes of wood birds, as in the thrushes and the altogether didactic tone of the redeye. keywords: air; ants; autumn; beauty; birds; black; day; days; earth; eye; fields; forest; green; ground; leaves; life; light; like; mountain; music; nature; nest; new; pasture; pine; place; race; red; rock; sea; season; snow; song; spider; spring; time; tree; view; voice; way; white; wild; wind; winter; woods; world; year; yellow cache: 42591.txt plain text: 42591.txt item: #278 of 365 id: 42606 author: Punnett, Reginald Crundall title: Mimicry in Butterflies date: None words: 45462 flesch: 67 summary: Nevertheless the H form of female is relatively just as abundant up-country where _hector_ is rarely found as it is low down where _hector_ is plentiful[41]. Pl. IX) there is a rare form of _trophonius_ known as _dorippoides_. keywords: birds; black; butterflies; butterfly; cases; colour; common; experiments; female; fig; form; genus; groups; mimetic; mimicry; mimics; model; new; papilio; pattern; polytes; resemblance; selection; series; species; variation; way; white; wings; | | cache: 42606.txt plain text: 42606.txt item: #279 of 365 id: 42676 author: Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon) title: Natural History of the Racer Coluber constrictor date: None words: 50351 flesch: 72 summary: Relative Tail Length in Male and Female Racers of Different Size Groups =============+============================+============================ | Males | Females Snout-Vent +--------+-------------------+--------+------------------- Length in | Number | Mean ratio of | Number | Mean ratio of Millimeters | of | tail-length to | of | tail-length to | racers | snout-vent length | racers | snout-vent length -------------+--------+-------------------+--------+------------------- 150-200 | 7 | 27.3 ± .833 | 2 | 26.3 201-250 | 24 | 27.8 ± .490 | 23 | 25.9 ± .479 251-300 | 9 | 28.8 ± .634 | 4 | 26.6 301-350 | 20 | 29.8 ± .246 | 11 | 25.0 ± 1.060 351-400 | 8 | 28.8 ± .530 | 12 | 27.5 ± .404 401-450 | 6 | 27.8 ± .775 | 5 | 26.3 ± .357 451-500 | 12 | 29.7 ± .434 | 6 | 26.8 ± .858 501-550 | 45 | 30.5 ± .283 | 15 | 27.6 ± .284 551-600 | 76 | 31.0 ± .218 | 35 | 27.1 ± .254 601-650 | 45 | 29.6 ± .313 | 64 | 27.8 ± .163 651-700 | 50 | 30.5 ± .241 | 36 | 27.1 ± .350 701-750 | 72 | 30.5 ± .177 | 45 | 27.6 ± .373 751-800 | 45 | 30.3 ± .373 | 38 | 27.8 ± .325 801-850 | 48 | 29.7 ± .274 | 50 | 27.5 ± .205 851-900 | 18 | 29.1 ± .519 | 35 | 28.6 ± .422 901-950 | 5 | 29.8 ± .672 | 31 | 26.7 ± .252 951-1000 | 1 | 29.5 | 19 | 26.9 ± .390 1001-1050 | .... | S Georgia | Wright and Bishop | | | (1915:160) July 10, 1940 | _priapus_ | S Illinois | Cagle (1942:187) July 6 | _constrictor_ keywords: + =; .05 |; .15 |; .25 |; = +; = =; = |; area; blue; c. c.; county; date |; eggs; feet; female; figures; food; groups =; june |; kansas; length |; months =; movements; percentage |; population |; prey; racers =; record |; reptiles; reservation; size; snakes; species; study; text; time; tract =; years =; young; | .14; | aug; | b; | july; | nov; | number; | oct; | range; | record(s; | sept; | snout; | | cache: 42676.txt plain text: 42676.txt item: #280 of 365 id: 42720 author: Moojen, João title: Speciation in the Brazilian Spiny Rats date: None words: 33657 flesch: 67 summary: There are two main lines of subspeciation in _Proechimys guyannensis_. Map showing the geographic ranges of the subspecies of _Proechimys guyannensis_ in Brazil.] _Comparisons._--From _ keywords: = =; = proechimys; aristiforms; brazil; counterfolds; foramen; hist; illustration; length; maximum; molariform; molars; mus; nat; number; region; setiforms; sheath; species; specimens; subspecies; teeth; tip; total; type; width; zone cache: 42720.txt plain text: 42720.txt item: #281 of 365 id: 42810 author: Setzer, Henry W. title: Subspeciation in the Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys ordii KU. Vol 1 No 23 date: None words: 38212 flesch: 70 summary: Populations from a given locality are remarkably stable in color except the animals from Samalayuca, Chihuahua, which vary in color from individuals almost as light as _D. o. compactus_ to animals that approach _D. o. ordii_ in darkness of pelage. In _D. o. celeripes_, _D. o. pallidus_, _D. o. compactus_ and _D. o. attenuatus_ keywords: = =; = dipodomys; animals; arches; black; bullae; color; colorado; compactus; county; creek; d. o.; d. ordii; differs; dipodomys ordii; dorsal; fossae; hind; intergradation; lake; length; measurements; mvz; nasals; o. longipes; o. richardsoni; ordii ordii; pinnae; pterygoid; ranch; range; region; river; rostrum; size; skull; specimens; stripes; subspecies; tail; usbs; utah; valley; width; | | cache: 42810.txt plain text: 42810.txt item: #282 of 365 id: 42845 author: Michelet, Jules title: The Sea (La Mer) date: None words: 89312 flesch: 73 summary: Nothing so heavy as sea water, in those mighty shocks, those enormous falls of which sailors truthfully speak, and of which none but those who have witnessed them, can calculate the tremendous greatness and power. Is it not the universal element of life? Much engaged with these and the like reflections, I called upon an illustrious chemist, a man at once positive and sound, an innovator no less prudent than bold, and I abruptly asked him this plain question--What, in your opinion, is that whitish, viscuous matter which we find in sea water? keywords: air; america; animal; beautiful; beauty; blood; bold; book; chapter; children; coast; cold; creatures; currents; dark; day; dead; death; deep; delicate; depths; earth; fact; family; feet; fish; form; globe; good; hand; heart; human; land; length; life; light; living; look; love; man; mass; means; men; moment; mother; nature; new; north; ocean; place; power; present; return; rock; sea; sea water; seas; shore; south; species; storm; strength; sun; tempest; thing; time; water; waves; whale; wind; woman; work; world; young cache: 42845.txt plain text: 42845.txt item: #283 of 365 id: 43200 author: New York State College of Agriculture title: Cornell Nature-Study Leaflets Being a selection, with revision, from the teachers' leaflets, home nature-study lessons, junior naturalist monthlies and other publications from the College of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., 1896-1904 date: None words: 171757 flesch: 84 summary: It is true that a willow is very comfortable in places where many other trees will suffer from wet feet; yet it will give good results elsewhere. Plant trees and bushes about the borders of the place, and let some of them, at least, grow into tangles; then, even in the back yard, the wary cat-bird may make its home. keywords: agricultural; air; apple; aquarium; best; birds; black; body; box; branches; brook; bud; buds; children; clover; co.; color; common; corn; country; course; cut; day; days; dry; earth; eggs; end; fact; fall; farm; fig; flowers; food; form; fruit; garden; glass; good; green; ground; grow; growing; growth; half; head; home; illustration; inches; insects; kinds; leaflet; leaves; life; like; live; long; look; making; maple; means; natural; nature; nest; new; note; notice; open; parts; place; plant; point; pupils; red; roots; school; seeds; size; snow; soil; spring; state; study; subject; summer; surface; teacher; things; time; toad; tree; use; watch; water; way; white; wings; winter; work; year; york; young cache: 43200.txt plain text: 43200.txt item: #284 of 365 id: 43272 author: Hall, E. Raymond (Eugene Raymond) title: American Weasels date: None words: 215755 flesch: 74 summary: Later, at the British Museum of Natural History, on page 105 of a personal notebook, of the late Mr. Oldfield Thomas, record was found of his fruitless search for the same specimens of _Mustela_ in May, 1902, at Neuchatel. As compared with _M. f. leucoparia_ and _perotae_, the same differences as noted above between _frenata_ and _neomexicana_ exist. keywords: 1[74; = =; = british; = key; = mustela; a. m.; account; adult; amer; american; animals; arctica; area; average; averaging; bay; black; body; braincase; breadth; brown; bulla; california; cent; characters; cicognanii; collection; color; county; creek; dark; differences; distance; erminea; f. frenata; feet; female; foot; foramen; frenata frenata; geographic; grams; half; hall; head; hind; hist; intergradation; island; lake; length; length f; light; locality; longicauda; m. c.; m. e.; m. f.; m. frenata; males; mamm; margin; mastoid; measurements; merriam; museum; mustela africana; mustela erminea; mustela f.; mustela frenata; mustela rixosa; n. m.; natural; near; nevadensis; new; north; northern; noveboracensis; november; number; ovale; parts; pelage; plates; point; posterior; present; primulina; proc; putorius; range; region; relative; richardsonii; river; rostrum; s. nat; sad; san; sides; size; skin; skull; south; southern; spadix; specimens; states; subadult; subspecies; summer; tail; teeth; time; tip; tooth; total; tympanic; type; underparts; upper; variation; vertebrae; washington; weasel; weight; white; width; winter; young; zoöl; zygomatic cache: 43272.txt plain text: 43272.txt item: #285 of 365 id: 43396 author: Mangin, Arthur title: The Desert World date: None words: 175065 flesch: 66 summary: Cuvier divides the ruminants into two great sections: one comprising the ruminants without horns (genera, _camel_, _lama_, and _chevrotain_); and the other, those _with_ horns. The second, with its shrunken leaves, owes the specific epithet (_insignis_, remarkable) which botanists have imposed upon it, to the peculiar structure of its flowers. keywords: account; africa; america; animal; appearance; asia; aspect; banks; bear; birds; black; body; branches; brown; camel; cape; central; chapter; character; characteristics; coast; cold; colour; common; continent; countries; country; day; dead; deep; described; description; desert; distance; districts; earth; east; eastern; elevation; europe; european; extent; eyes; family; features; feet; flesh; flora; flowers; food; forests; form; fruit; genus; grass; gray; great; green; ground; habits; hair; half; head; height; hills; history; horse; illustration; inches; indian; inhabitants; islands; kind; lake; latitude; leaves; legs; length; level; life; like; lion; long; man; men; miles; mountains; natives; nature; neck; new; night; north; northern; number; ocean; order; palm; pampas; parts; place; plains; plants; point; portion; prairies; present; properties; race; red; region; river; rocks; roots; sahara; salt; sand; savage; sea; size; skin; snow; soil; south; southern; species; stature; steppes; summer; sun; surface; tail; thick; time; traveller; trees; tribes; tropical; variety; vegetable; vegetation; water; west; white; wild; wind; winter; wood; world; years; yellow cache: 43396.txt plain text: 43396.txt item: #286 of 365 id: 44000 author: Gaskell, Walter Holbrook title: The Origin of Vertebrates date: None words: 190940 flesch: 51 summary: +---------+-------------+---------------+------------+ | | | 2 |1st Locomotor|} | | | | +---------+-------------+} | 2 | | | | 3 | 2nd |} |Ventral part| | |Ps.+---------+-------------+}4 Endognaths | forms coxal| | | | 4 | 3rd |} | gland. | | | LOWNE |'The Anatomy, Physiology, Morphology, and | 369, 370, 375 | Development of the Blow-fly' | | London. keywords: alimentary; ammocoetes; animal; anterior; appendages; arthropod; body; brain; branchial; canal; cartilage; case; cavity; cells; chamber; connection; coxal; cranial; development; dorsal; dorso; epithelial; evidence; excretory; external; eyes; fibres; fig; fishes; form; formation; ganglia; ganglion; glands; group; gut; head; illustration; layer; limulus; line; median; mesosomatic; muco; muscles; nature; nerve; notochord; number; olfactory; optic; organs; origin; pair; place; portion; position; posterior; present; prosomatic; region; respiratory; retina; scorpion; segmental; segments; sense; series; skeleton; spinal; stage; structure; surface; system; theory; thyroid; time; tissue; tube; ventral; vertebrate; view; | +; | lankester; | v.; | vol; | |; | |"on cache: 44000.txt plain text: 44000.txt item: #287 of 365 id: 44194 author: Metchnikoff, Olga title: Life of Elie Metchnikoff, 1845-1916 date: None words: 87558 flesch: 64 summary: The outside layer, or _ectoderm_, produces teguments and the nervous system; the internal layer, or _endoderm_, gives birth to endothelial cells, the digestive and internal organs; between those two layers comes a third, intermediary layer, the _mesoderm_, from which the skeleton is developed and also the muscle and blood tissues. The blastula differentiates itself into embryonic layers, the _ectoderm_, _endoderm_, and _mesoderm_ already mentioned. keywords: 8vo; age; animals; annales; beings; book; cells; chapter; children; cholera; congress; country; day; death; demy; development; digestion; elie; elie metchnikoff; end; experiments; fact; family; felt; flora; general; hand; health; ideas; ilia; immunity; institute; interest; intestinal; journey; laboratory; life; living; man; means; metchnikoff; microbes; mother; nature; net; new; odessa; order; organism; pasteur; phagocytes; place; question; read; researches; results; russia; science; series; spite; steppes; struggle; studies; study; sur; theory; thought; time; university; war; work; years; young cache: 44194.txt plain text: 44194.txt item: #288 of 365 id: 44479 author: Patterson, Alexander title: The Other Side of Evolution: Its Effects and Fallacy date: None words: 35280 flesch: 70 summary: The power of gravitation which compels the separated particles to approach each other is an utter mystery, which has completely baffled all efforts at explanation by scientific men. It is indeed a fact that many young men have started with high purposes to prepare for the ministry, and even for foreign missions, and have, after adopting these modern theories, abandoned their purpose, and thousands have abandoned all personal religion. keywords: account; age; animals; argument; bible; christ; christian; creation; day; earth; evidence; evolution; evolutionist; facts; form; god; history; human; life; man; nature; origin; present; prof; science; scientists; species; state; theories; theory; things; use; world; writers; years cache: 44479.txt plain text: 44479.txt item: #289 of 365 id: 44541 author: Haeckel, Ernst title: The Last Link: Our Present Knowledge of the Descent of Man date: None words: 25661 flesch: 60 summary: Stegocephali_ | | | | | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | _ | _ keywords: = =; anatomy; ancestors; animals; apes; cells; comparative; creatures; darwin; der; development; evolution; fact; form; fossil; groups; history; human; living; mammalia; man; natural; new; present; primates; science; series; species; stage; study; theory; time; work; years; | +; | | cache: 44541.txt plain text: 44541.txt item: #290 of 365 id: 44582 author: Bateson, William title: Problems of Genetics date: None words: 94234 flesch: 58 summary: We have now to return to the relations of _laeta_ and _velutina_. For example, we cannot yet represent the formation of _laeta_ and _velutina_ from the various species fertilised by _Lamarckiana_ keywords: account; animals; appearance; birds; black; body; case; cells; change; characters; chemical; colour; conditions; course; dark; development; differences; differentiation; difficulty; distribution; division; dominant; doubt; evidence; evolution; example; experiments; fact; factors; features; female; forms; growth; having; hybrids; intermediate; kind; left; living; localities; nature; new; normal; number; offspring; origin; parts; phenomena; plants; population; present; problem; process; question; red; regard; results; series; species; sterility; subject; things; time; type; variation; varieties; variety; view; way; work; yellow cache: 44582.txt plain text: 44582.txt item: #291 of 365 id: 44820 author: Allen, Grant title: The Evolutionist at Large date: None words: 48458 flesch: 73 summary: The ascidian has only _one_ eye inside its useless brain, while the tadpole and all other vertebrates have _two_ from the very first. Words printed in italics are noted with underscores: _italics_. keywords: 8vo; animals; author; beauty; birds; blossoms; book; brain; butterfly; cloth; colour; complete; crown 8vo; day; dog; edition; english; extra; eye; eyes; flowers; food; form; fruits; gilt; green; half; hand; history; illustrations; insects; james; john; kind; leaves; life; man; mrs; nature; new; notes; original; ouida; plant; race; red; shell; species; strawberry; tail; time; trout; water; way; wilkie; work; world; young; ~the cache: 44820.txt plain text: 44820.txt item: #292 of 365 id: 44849 author: Tylor, Alfred title: Colouration in Animals and Plants date: None words: 38507 flesch: 70 summary: _Olivacca_ General Colouration_, or such as appears to have no very special function _as_ colour. keywords: animals; birds; black; body; brown; butterflies; case; cells; colour; colouration; colouring; dark; decoration; female; fig; form; green; illustration; insects; light; lines; matter; nature; organs; parts; pattern; plants; plate; red; sense; species; spots; structure; white; wings; yellow; | | cache: 44849.txt plain text: 44849.txt item: #293 of 365 id: 45084 author: None title: Notes on Collecting and Preserving Natural-History Objects date: None words: 44647 flesch: 62 summary: With the exception of the Fuci or common rock-weeds, I never place seaweeds in _fresh_ water: with these, especially _Fucus serratus_, _F. nodosus_, _F. vesiculosus_, and _F. canaliculatus_, a few hours' immersion in fresh water is an advantage, as it soaks the salt out of their fronds and renders them more pliable. The question of _labelling_ is of some importance, especially to those who value neatness and uniformity in the appearance of their herbarium. keywords: beetles; bottle; boxes; cabinet; care; case; collecting; collector; course; cut; eggs; fig; find; form; fungi; glass; good; gum; hand; herbarium; illustration; insects; leaves; little; means; mosses; mounting; nature; net; number; paper; place; plants; purpose; set; shells; size; species; specimens; spores; study; time; trees; use; water; way cache: 45084.txt plain text: 45084.txt item: #294 of 365 id: 45602 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History, Volume 02 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Mineral, &c. &c date: None words: 71047 flesch: 52 summary: In general the depths in great seas, as we have already observed, increase proportionably to their distance from shore. This supposition appears to be in some measure confirmed by the water being more shallow than in other seas, and the innumerable islands resembling the tops of mountains. keywords: air; animals; body; cape; cause; coasts; country; currents; direction; earth; east; effects; feet; form; general; great; gulph; islands; kind; lake; leagues; matter; mediterranean; motion; mountains; nature; new; north; number; ocean; parts; places; produce; quantity; reason; rivers; rocks; sand; sea; south; stone; surface; time; volcanos; water; west; winds cache: 45602.txt plain text: 45602.txt item: #295 of 365 id: 45639 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History, Volume 03 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c. date: None words: 71162 flesch: 49 summary: Valisnieri hoped to meet with the egg in one of those cavities, but although he sought for it with the utmost assiduity in the glandular substance of the ovaries of four different sows, and afterwards in those of other animals, yet he could never discover the egg which Malpighius asserts to have met with once or twice. Valisnieri proceeded in his experiments upon a variety of other animals to discover this egg, but in vain; nevertheless his prejudice for that system induced him, contrary to his experience, to admit the existence of eggs, which neither he nor any other man ever did or ever will see. keywords: animals; appears; blood; bodies; body; child; days; dog; eggs; end; experiments; female; filaments; foetus; form; general; generation; globules; great; growth; harvey; head; hours; human; kind; leeuwenhoek; liquor; living; man; manner; matrix; matter; membrane; microscope; molecules; months; mother; motion; moving; nature; number; nutriment; observations; particles; parts; placenta; produce; quantity; rest; seed; semen; size; substance; system; tails; testicles; time; vegetables; vesicles; vessels; water; white; young cache: 45639.txt plain text: 45639.txt item: #296 of 365 id: 45708 author: Torrey, Bradford title: Spring notes from Tennessee date: None words: 44469 flesch: 78 summary: The roads gave the visitor convenience of access,--a ready means of moving about with his eyes in the air,--and at the same time, by making the place more open, they made it more birdy; for birds, even the greater part of wood birds, like the borders of a forest better than its darker recesses. Few birds are more freely and easily observed. keywords: bird; black; blue; chattanooga; city; common; country; course; day; field; general; good; half; hill; home; house; little; long; look; lookout; man; massachusetts; men; missionary; mountain; new; place; red; ridge; road; saw; sight; song; sparrow; tennessee; thought; time; trees; valley; walden; warbler; water; way; white; woods; yellow cache: 45708.txt plain text: 45708.txt item: #297 of 365 id: 45729 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 04 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 75643 flesch: 68 summary: These people have commonly very fine teeth; but such would be a very great defect in a black eunuch, who must be a hideous monster. Eunuchs who have been deprived of only their testicles, still feel an irritation in the parts that are left, and have the external mark of desire even more frequently than other men. If it is not, on the contrary, performed till the time of puberty, or a little after, the size is nearly the same as that in other men. keywords: + =; = +; = =; age; animals; black; bodies; body; children; climate; colour; country; degree; different; eyes; form; general; hair; human; inhabitants; kind; life; man; men; nations; natives; nature; negroes; number; objects; parts; people; skin; teeth; time; white; women; years; | =; | | cache: 45729.txt plain text: 45729.txt item: #298 of 365 id: 45730 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 05 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 76108 flesch: 57 summary: But as the nature of man is superior to that of animals, so of that superiority we shall study to demonstrate the cause, in order that we may distinguish what is peculiar to man, from what belongs to him in common with other animals. Finally, by comparing the members of a man with those of other animals, we plainly perceive it is at the extremities they differ most, as no two things bear less resemblance to each other, than the human hand with the foot of a horse or an ox. keywords: age; animals; ass; body; breed; care; climate; dog; dogs; fig; flesh; food; form; general; good; hair; horses; legs; long; man; manner; men; milk; motion; nature; number; parts; present; produce; reason; sensations; sense; sheep; species; strength; teeth; time; wild; years cache: 45730.txt plain text: 45730.txt item: #299 of 365 id: 45731 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 06 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 75650 flesch: 62 summary: They feed upon a species of rats and other small animals, very numerous in Norway and Lapland, and of which we shall hereafter treat. If so, they enjoy another blessing, that of living in a state of equality; they are neither the slaves nor tyrants of each other; the individual has not, like man, to dread the rest of his species; they enjoy peace among themselves, and are strangers to war, but when brought on them by other animals or men. keywords: animals; black; body; brown; cat; climates; colour; countries; days; dogs; domestic; earth; end; feet; females; fig; flesh; food; form; growth; hair; horns; illustration; kind; man; nature; number; ones; parts; rat; short; small; species; stag; state; tail; time; trees; water; white; winter; wolf; year cache: 45731.txt plain text: 45731.txt item: #300 of 365 id: 45820 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 07 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 74007 flesch: 60 summary: If we may believe Father Charlevoix, who quotes no authority, The _goschis_ of St. Domingo were little mute dogs, which served as an amusement to the ladies, and were also employed in the chace of other animals. With us the horse, the ass, the ox, the sheep, the goat, the hog, the dog, and the cat; in Italy the buffalo; in Lapland the rein-deer; in Peru the lama, the pacos, and the alco; in the eastern countries, the dromedary, the camel, and various species of oxen, sheep, and goats; in the southern ones the elephant; all these animals have been reduced to servitude, or admitted into society; while the savage, hardly desirous of the society of his female, either fears or disdains that of other animals. keywords: africa; america; animals; asia; black; body; climates; colour; continent; countries; description; ears; elephant; europe; feet; female; fig; flesh; form; hair; head; inches; legs; length; man; men; nature; new; panther; parts; seba; size; skin; small; species; tail; tiger; time; trunk; white; wild; world; young cache: 45820.txt plain text: 45820.txt item: #301 of 365 id: 45821 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 08 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 76222 flesch: 63 summary: The Bubalus, and other Animals which have an affinity to the Gazelles and Goats_ 204 _ These bisons, which formerly inhabited the woods of Germany, Scotland, and other northern countries, have probably passed from one continent to the other, and are become, like other animals, smaller in this new world; and as they lived in climates more or less cold, their hair became longer or shorter. keywords: africa; america; animal; black; body; chamois; colour; common; countries; deer; description; feet; female; fig; flesh; form; gazelles; goat; good; hair; head; horns; inches; kind; legs; like; nature; oxen; parts; rein; sheep; size; small; species; stag; tail; time; white; wild; young cache: 45821.txt plain text: 45821.txt item: #302 of 365 id: 45867 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 09 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 77418 flesch: 68 summary: Some years ago a coaita was presented to me by the name of _chameck_, which I was informed came from the coast of Peru. This animal (say they) is four times larger than a cat; is of a very voracious nature, and feeds on monkeys, rats, and other animals. keywords: animal; ape; apes; black; body; brown; characters; climate; colour; dog; ears; eyes; face; feet; female; fig; flesh; form; hair; half; hands; head; human; inches; kind; length; man; monkeys; nature; orang; parts; round; sea; seal; size; skin; small; species; tail; teeth; time; water; white cache: 45867.txt plain text: 45867.txt item: #303 of 365 id: 45868 author: Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de title: Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10) Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c date: None words: 80005 flesch: 46 summary: But the very essential difference between these two modifications of matter is, that heat, which penetrates all bodies, does not appear to fix in any one, whereas light incorporates and extinguishes in all those which do not reflect, or permit it to pass freely; heat bodies of all kinds to any degree, in a very short time they will lose the acquired heat, and return to the general temperature. Fire seems to divide as much as possible those matters which it fuses; nevertheless it may be doubted whether those which water and acids keep in dissolution are not still more divided, and the vapours raised by heat contain matters still further attenuated, in the bowels of the earth, then, by the means of the heat it includes, and the water which insinuates, there is made an infinity of sublimations; distillations, chrystallizations, aggregations, and disjunctions, of every kind. keywords: ---to; action; air; animals; bodies; cold; degree; distance; earth; effect; experiments; feet; fire; focus; force; form; general; glass; globe; gold; half; heat; iron; light; matter; mirror; nature; parts; platina; produce; quantity; small; species; stone; substances; sun; surface; time; trees; water cache: 45868.txt plain text: 45868.txt item: #304 of 365 id: 46482 author: Ingersoll, Ernest title: The Mentor: American Naturalists, Vol. 7, Num. 9, Serial No. 181, June 15, 1919 date: None words: 11403 flesch: 67 summary: The literary magazines now began to print articles of open-air observation, most of which, then as now, dealt with bird life. Besides illustrating many books about birds and animals and writing the text, he has contributed numerous articles to leading magazines, and has delivered more than three thousand lectures on natural history subjects. keywords: agassiz; american; audubon; birds; books; burroughs; history; illustration; john; life; man; mentor; muir; naturalist; nature; new; thoreau; time; walden; wild; woods; work; years; york cache: 46482.txt plain text: 46482.txt item: #305 of 365 id: 47498 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 1, July 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 10421 flesch: 78 summary: At the same moment, a few pigeons and a multitude of other birds which were chirping on the trees in the orchard flew upon his head and shoulders. Young birds, eggs, and various insects constitute a part of his food. keywords: animal; birds; chicago; day; earth; ground; life; man; morning; nature; new; pigeons; snipe; species; squirrel; time; trees; wolf; young cache: 47498.txt plain text: 47498.txt item: #306 of 365 id: 47578 author: Grindon, Leo H. (Leo Hartley) title: Country Rambles, and Manchester Walks and Wild Flowers Being Rural Wanderings in Cheshire, Lancashire, Derbyshire, and Yorkshire date: None words: 79753 flesch: 68 summary: THE ROBIN, OR REDBREAST (_Sylvia rubecula_), iii., 136. Universally known and beloved; very fond of visiting timber-yards in the town during the winter, where it sings freely; and in the country an excellent prophet of the weather, for if the next day is to be fine, the robin mounts to the top of the tallest tree; if the contrary, it warbles softly underneath. A single spray in the hand is unquestionably _lilac_, faint and translucent, but still lilac, exquisitely veined. keywords: birds; botany; bridge; building; castle; chapter; cheshire; church; clough; coloured; common; country; course; day; distance; district; edge; end; family; feet; fields; flowers; good; great; green; ground; half; hall; hill; history; iii; illustration; lancashire; leaves; left; life; line; look; love; manchester; marple; meadows; men; mere; miles; moss; nature; near; neighbourhood; new; north; original; park; parts; path; people; place; plants; point; portion; present; pretty; railway; right; river; road; sea; spring; station; stream; summer; time; town; trees; valley; view; vols; walk; water; way; white; wild; winter; wood; work; years cache: 47578.txt plain text: 47578.txt item: #307 of 365 id: 47579 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 4, October 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 12895 flesch: 75 summary: Very fond of fruits, it is not satisfied with attacking those which other birds of its size would choose, but enjoys showing its gormandizing powers by devouring as much as possible of the largest specimens within its reach. I could mention a number of other birds that build their nests near the dwellings of man, but space will not permit me to do so. keywords: air; animals; birds; butterfly; eggs; feet; hearing; life; man; music; nature; nest; note; sea; sounds; south; voice; water; way; wings; | | cache: 47579.txt plain text: 47579.txt item: #308 of 365 id: 47580 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 2, August 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 12846 flesch: 77 summary: The number of young birds was unusually large, larger than has been before noticed, which result is probably due to the protection which has been extended to them throughout the breeding season, a condition they have not before enjoyed. In the mating and breeding season, however, young birds appear in the great aviary which must be taught to sing and whistle accurately. keywords: birds; color; day; fox; ground; life; loon; man; nature; nest; sheep; size; species; squirrel; states; time; way; young; | | cache: 47580.txt plain text: 47580.txt item: #309 of 365 id: 47581 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 3, September 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 12492 flesch: 75 summary: One or both birds were invariably found at the end, covering their single egg, for this species, like many other sea birds, divide the duties of incubation, both sexes doing an equal share, relieving each other at night. When nest-building they will steal the feathers out of the nests of other birds, and frequently drive off other birds from a feeding ground even when there is abundance. keywords: animal; birds; day; doves; eye; eyes; food; fox; gray; ground; hawk; life; nature; nest; night; red; species; time; venice; water; white cache: 47581.txt plain text: 47581.txt item: #310 of 365 id: 47602 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 3, No. 3, March 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 11299 flesch: 82 summary: Moreover, these insects are not accessible to other birds, and could pursue their career of destruction unmolested were it not that the Woodpeckers, with beaks and tongues especially fitted for such work, dig out and devour them. 106 HINTS ON THE STUDY OF WINTER BIRDS. keywords: birds; black; blue; day; duck; eggs; feet; hawk; nest; north; size; stormy; study; tree; water; white; wren cache: 47602.txt plain text: 47602.txt item: #311 of 365 id: 47603 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 5, November 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 12991 flesch: 78 summary: Attempts to lower one's conversation to the level of little children are often equally unsatisfactory. Elms, Poplars, and Firs furnish its favorite food, and therefore usually suffer more than other trees from its destructiveness. keywords: air; almond; animals; bird; child; children; conversation; day; ground; life; nature; otter; species; teacher; time; water; way; wings; | | cache: 47603.txt plain text: 47603.txt item: #312 of 365 id: 47728 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 4, No. 6, December 1898 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 14628 flesch: 74 summary: Birds were always mentioned in connection with the dead, and a favorite curse was to wish that one might be left a prey to the dogs and birds. A Bloodless Sportsman, 39 A Book By the Brook, 39 Acorn, Thirty Miles for an, 29 African Folk Lore, 12 Ah Me!, 113 Alaska, Birds of, 95 All Nature, 37 Almond, Flowering (_Amygdalus communis_), 193-5 Animals and Music, 159 Animals' Rights, 225 Animals, Some Propensities of, 81 Animals, Talk of, 140 Animals and Water, 84 Animal World, In the, 136 Antelope, The Pigmy (_Antilope pigmea_), 94-95 Apple Blossoms, 36 Armadillo as a Pet, 12 Armadillo (_Tatusia novemcincta_), 146-7 Autumn, 132 Azamet, the Hermit, and His Dumb Friends, 33 Bat, Black (_Scotophilus carolinensis_)}, 170-1 Bat, Red (_Atalapha noveboracensis_) }, 170-1 Bats, Tame, 168 Birds, 163 Bird, A Little, 162 Bird Courtship, 164 Birds Foretell Marriage, 16 Birds in the Garden and Orchard, 153 Birds in the Iliad, 234 Birds Mentioned in the Bible, 48 Bird of Paradise, The King (_Cincinnurus regius_), 124-7 Birds, Sleeping Places of, 164 Birds and Animals of the Philippines, 48 Birds, Reasoning Powers of, 43 Birds in Storms, 163 Bobolink's Song, 61 Butterfly, The, 142 Butterflies, 102 Butterflies (illustrations), 23, 63, 103, 143, 183, 223 Butterflies, How Protected, 62 Butterfly Trade, 22 Butterflies Love to Drink, 182 Cactus (_Echinocadus le Contii_) (_Mamillaria Sheerii_), 210-11 Christmas Trees, 220 Color Photographs and Conversation Lessons, 194 Constantinople, From, 158 Count? keywords: american; animals; birds; body; california; christmas; country; day; eye; flying; golden; head; life; lion; man; men; mistletoe; nature; new; silk; sound; species; time; trees; voices; years; | | cache: 47728.txt plain text: 47728.txt item: #313 of 365 id: 47755 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 5, No. 1, January 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 22550 flesch: 79 summary: Like many other birds, however, he regurgitates the indigestible matter, and so takes no harm from this promiscuous diet. Like many other large animals, however, the puma has retired before the advance of civilization, and in many of the more thickly populated portions of the United States a straggler, even, is rarely to be found. keywords: animal; athena; bed; bees; billee; birds; cage; day; eagle; food; fruit; good; hand; head; honey; lemon; life; little; little billee; nature; taffy; taste; time; tongue; tree; water; way; young; zeus cache: 47755.txt plain text: 47755.txt item: #314 of 365 id: 47801 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 5, No. 2, February 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 21792 flesch: 75 summary: Suffice it to say here that this species, in common with many other members of its family, and many other birds as well, has decreased to the point of almost complete extermination within the last fifteen years from this cause alone. They lay their eggs earlier than other birds, and often the falling snow covers the back of the sitting bird. keywords: animal; birds; black; day; eggs; family; food; ginger; ground; leaves; life; love; man; nature; nest; nose; nut; owl; owls; sap; size; species; study; time; tree; water; way; white; winter; wood; young cache: 47801.txt plain text: 47801.txt item: #315 of 365 id: 47840 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 5, No. 3, March 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 21280 flesch: 76 summary: With other birds I have considered entire quiet necessary under such circumstances. The experiment has never been repeated upon a human subject, but men of science cautiously tried to find out the secret of the child's living but a few hours after the operation, and so gilded pigs and varnished rabbits and other small animals. keywords: animals; ants; birds; body; cent; cloves; day; eggs; eyes; fact; flowers; food; ground; hare; head; kind; leaves; life; man; nature; nest; new; size; skin; species; surface; tail; time; tree; use; water; winter cache: 47840.txt plain text: 47840.txt item: #316 of 365 id: 47951 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 5, No. 4, April 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 21454 flesch: 78 summary: They have all passed away, but with feelings of the deepest gratitude I now listen to the songs of other birds which have come with the advance of civilization. The warbler student is familiar with the waves of warblers and other small birds which range through the woods, now appearing in a bewildering flutter of a hundred wings, now disappearing in their eager quest for a lunch of insects. keywords: air; birds; blue; country; day; feathers; feet; flowers; fly; fox; ground; home; jenny; leaves; mace; man; march; mother; nature; nest; new; nutmeg; red; song; sparrow; spring; time; tree; water; white; winter; year cache: 47951.txt plain text: 47951.txt item: #317 of 365 id: 47952 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 5, No. 5, May 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 22086 flesch: 78 summary: 172 Song Vol. i. 187, 188 Song Vol. ii. 1, 17, 41, 57 Study, The Fascinations of Vol. iii. 164 *of Paradise, The King Vol. iv. 124, 126, 127 Day in the Schools Vol. i. 129, 138 Birds in Captivity Vol. ii. v. 101 *Bobolink Vol. i. 92, 93, 94 *Bob White Vol. iii. 16, 18, 19, 34 Buddha, The Youth of Vol. iii. 237 *Bunting, Indigo Vol. i. 172 *Lazuli Vol. ii. keywords: american vol; animals; beans; birds; black; brown; coffee; day; eggs; feet; flowers; fruit; ground; home; house; iii; leaves; life; man; mole; mother; nature; nest; owls; red; season; song; species; spring; time; trees; vol; water; white; year cache: 47952.txt plain text: 47952.txt item: #318 of 365 id: 47990 author: Hudson, W. H. (William Henry) title: The Land's End: A Naturalist's Impressions In West Cornwall, Illustrated date: None words: 83020 flesch: 64 summary: One result of this practice is that many little birds after having been caught get away with the loss of a leg or foot. Merely to enumerate and classify legends and beliefs in giants, little men, and fairies of a dozen denominations, ghosts, souls, semi-devils and phantoms of divers sorts, goblins, monsters and mermaids, is more than they can do. keywords: appearance; birds; black; blue; chapter; children; coast; colour; common; cornish; cornwall; country; dark; day; days; earth; end; england; eyes; farm; feeling; flowers; furze; good; green; grey; gulls; half; head; hedge; house; human; humour; illustration; ives; land; life; look; man; men; mind; nature; people; place; rock; round; sea; sense; sight; spot; stone; things; time; town; village; water; way; white; wind; winter; years cache: 47990.txt plain text: 47990.txt item: #319 of 365 id: 48030 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 6, No. 1, June 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 21375 flesch: 78 summary: Of all the canary birds I have ever seen Tricksey is the prettiest, daintiest little bird you can possibly imagine. They were speedily joined by other birds, including common kites and jungle crows, and the entire flock, to the number of sixty or a hundred, flew to the entrance of the caves, close to which they remained wheeling about in mid-air. keywords: bird; body; cage; day; days; eggs; food; ground; hawk; head; john; leaves; life; morning; nature; nest; room; song; study; taffy; time; tree; tricksey; warbler; water; way; white; woods; yellow cache: 48030.txt plain text: 48030.txt item: #320 of 365 id: 48085 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 6, No. 2, September 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 20616 flesch: 75 summary: 84 NEBRASKA'S MANY BIRDS. NEBRASKA'S MANY BIRDS. keywords: animals; ants; birds; child; children; color; day; feet; form; green; ground; insects; iron; know; leaves; life; marbles; mind; nature; nest; school; sea; shells; species; study; things; time; trees; underground; use; water; white; work cache: 48085.txt plain text: 48085.txt item: #321 of 365 id: 48106 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 6, No. 3, October 1899 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 21187 flesch: 78 summary: All untried as we are with such waters, the moments are filled with intense anxiety. It was called rock oil and was hawked about the streets as a sure cure for rheumatism. keywords: air; birds; cañon; course; day; earth; feet; find; fish; food; forests; grand; green; leaves; material; miles; oak; oil; river; rocks; rooster; soil; surface; time; tree; water; way; years cache: 48106.txt plain text: 48106.txt item: #322 of 365 id: 48141 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 6, No. 4, November 1899 In Natural Colors date: None words: 21527 flesch: 76 summary: You cute little thing, she exclaims when I kiss her, or take a hemp seed from off her finger, you are the dearest and wisest little bird in the world. This favorite singer and cage bird is a native of the Canary Islands, Madeiras, Azores and other small islands near the western coast of Africa. keywords: bird; cage; canary; chicago; day; eggs; family; feet; flowers; good; green; honey; islands; jim; leaves; nature; nest; place; river; seed; tea; time; ton; tree; water; way; white; wish; yellow; young cache: 48141.txt plain text: 48141.txt item: #323 of 365 id: 48298 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 1, January 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 21282 flesch: 78 summary: This rock here is covered with a delicate silvery tracery in some mineral, resembling leaves and branches; there on the flat stone, on which we so often have sat to weep and pray, we look down, and see it covered with the fossil footprints of great birds, and the beautiful skeleton of a fish. It was October 8, and many birds had gone on their long journey to tropical lands. keywords: air; animals; birds; black; chicago; cold; cotton; country; day; dove; family; flicker; form; ground; head; house; leaves; light; liquid; nature; nest; quartz; saw; seed; stump; time; tree; water; way; white; years; yellow cache: 48298.txt plain text: 48298.txt item: #324 of 365 id: 48331 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol 7, No. 2, February 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 20905 flesch: 76 summary: The weather turned very cold that night, and in the morning a keen wind was blowing, so we didn't think many birds would be about. We had entered a cornfield, and as we advanced, flocks of little birds, mostly juncos, would start up before us and fly into the hedge or next field, twittering gaily. keywords: birds; bluebird; chicago; coal; cotton; coues; country; day; form; hans; licorice; life; man; mizi; morning; nature; new; plant; roots; saw; south; study; time; tree; use; washington; water; way; white; woods; work; years cache: 48331.txt plain text: 48331.txt item: #325 of 365 id: 48388 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 4, April 1900 date: None words: 19693 flesch: 79 summary: BIRDS AND ALL NATURE. A Brooklyn naturalist who gives much time to bird-study told me that as his rooms became overfull of birds he decided to thin them out before the approach of winter. keywords: air; american; ants; birds; chicago; cricket; day; easter; eggs; feet; forests; home; house; leaves; life; little; mrs; murex; nature; nest; new; place; plant; room; shells; song; sun; time; tree; wings; work; year; young cache: 48388.txt plain text: 48388.txt item: #326 of 365 id: 48466 author: Various title: Birds and All Nature, Vol. 7, No. 5, May 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 25158 flesch: 85 summary: Vol iv, 12 A Glimpse of Beautiful Pictures. Vol iv, 113 A Good Uncle to Ants. keywords: a. vol; air; american; bird; black; blue; butterfly; color; day; dog; dove; feet; flower; forest; iii; insects; leaves; life; little; long; man; martin; nature; plant; raven; red; species; summer; thyme; time; tree; vol; vol iv; vol vii; white; wild; wings; winter; year; yellow; young cache: 48466.txt plain text: 48466.txt item: #327 of 365 id: 48503 author: Various title: Birds and Nature, Vol. 08, No. 1, June 1900 In Natural Colors date: None words: 21674 flesch: 75 summary: This is true of some pigeons, auks, parrots, grebes, ducks and other birds which have not found it necessary to obtain their food by flying. If he is a diver, a gull, a tern, or any one of the really seafaring birds, he eats fish, water insects, offal and whatever small animals resort to the water, doing little or no harm and a great deal of good. keywords: air; animals; banks; birds; body; cattle; day; fish; fishes; flowers; food; good; home; illustration; insects; life; little; machine; man; miles; number; parts; pigeon; pollen; right; river; surface; time; water; wings cache: 48503.txt plain text: 48503.txt item: #328 of 365 id: 48523 author: Various title: Birds and Nature, Vol. 08, No. 2, September 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 17156 flesch: 76 summary: His song is most noticeable after sundown, when other birds are silent, for which reason he has been aptly called the Vesper Sparrow. BIRDS AND NATURE. keywords: birds; body; color; day; eagle; feet; fishes; flicker; flowers; food; fruit; insects; king; koko; leaves; life; nature; plant; pollen; pollination; species; time; tree; water cache: 48523.txt plain text: 48523.txt item: #329 of 365 id: 48540 author: Various title: Birds and Nature Vol. 08, No. 3, October 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 18849 flesch: 77 summary: Like many other plants of a similar nature, they thrive under cultivation, where a sunny and sheltered position is more suitable. Spurs are developed in many flowers, notably the orchids, and they are always associated with nectar secretion and the visits of proboscis-bearing insects. keywords: animals; birds; bob; close; day; earth; eggs; family; fishes; flowers; food; fowl; grouse; insects; leaves; plant; rainbow; red; silurian; species; tail; time; trout; water; white; wild cache: 48540.txt plain text: 48540.txt item: #330 of 365 id: 48579 author: Various title: Birds and Nature, Vol. 08, No. 4, November 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 18743 flesch: 78 summary: In the same way we have fresh water fishes and salt water fishes; some fishes, as the trout and salmon and eel, live in both salt and fresh water. The flounders are found in water at all depths, and the same is true of the bat fishes, rock fishes and other shore fishes. keywords: almonds; birds; black; cocoon; eggs; feet; fishes; green; head; larva; leaves; life; north; number; place; plants; river; species; streams; time; trees; water; way; white; wings; worm cache: 48579.txt plain text: 48579.txt item: #331 of 365 id: 48606 author: Various title: Birds and Nature, Vol. 08, No. 5, December 1900 Illustrated by Color Photography date: None words: 18131 flesch: 75 summary: It also kills many forest birds that are useful to man as insect destroyers. BIRDS AND NATURE. keywords: birds; cocoon; day; dog; dogs; eggs; family; food; ground; humming; illustration; insects; larva; leaf; leaves; man; nest; night; owl; place; plants; poem; red; species; time; tree; water; white cache: 48606.txt plain text: 48606.txt item: #332 of 365 id: 48876 author: Noyce, Elisha title: Outlines of Creation date: None words: 84513 flesch: 62 summary: The second class of the Radiata, the Entozoa, are those beings which inhabit, as parasites, the intestines and other parts of animals. The Arabian, Caucasian, or European family occupy the chief part of Western Europe, the British Isles, and the United States of America, and is fast spreading in other parts of the American Continent and in Australia. keywords: acid; air; america; animals; appearance; black; bones; carbonic; chalk; class; colour; common; creatures; distance; earth; eye; feet; fig; fish; flowers; food; form; god; head; heat; illustration; insects; kind; kingdom; land; leaves; life; light; little; man; matter; miles; minute; nature; new; number; ocean; order; oxygen; parts; place; plants; power; present; red; rivers; round; sea; size; sort; space; species; stars; state; strata; substance; sun; surface; time; tree; tribe; vegetable; water; way; white; wood; world; years cache: 48876.txt plain text: 48876.txt item: #333 of 365 id: 5084 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 1 date: None words: 136216 flesch: 66 summary: The more I know intimately of the lives of other men (to say nothing of my own), the more obvious it is to me that the wicked does NOT flourish nor is the righteous punished. I shall be right glad to find good men and true anywhere, and I will take your bail for any man. keywords: account; april; association; book; british; care; case; chapter; college; course; darwin; day; days; deal; dear; england; fact; feel; following; forbes; friend; general; going; good; government; half; having; head; help; history; home; hooker; hope; huxley; january; jermyn; kind; knowledge; leave; lectures; left; letter; life; like; london; look; man; matter; means; meeting; men; mind; months; nature; new; owen; paper; people; place; point; position; present; professor; public; question; read; rest; right; royal; school; science; set; sir; society; species; street; subject; t.h; theory; things; thought; time; tyndall; views; want; way; wife; wish; work; working; world; write; years; young cache: 5084.txt plain text: 5084.txt item: #334 of 365 id: 5226 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 2 date: None words: 135096 flesch: 69 summary: So he had to deliver it in extenso to the reporter, who took it down in shorthand, promising to let him have a longhand copy in good time the next morning. [He reached England in good time for the beginning of his autumn lectures, and his ordinary busy life absorbed him again. keywords: account; address; animals; april; article; board; book; business; case; chapter; country; course; darwin; day; days; deal; dear; december; education; end; english; essays; evolution; fact; father; following; foster; friend; good; half; hand; health; home; hope; house; huxley; interest; january; july; june; kind; knowledge; lectures; letter; life; london; look; lord; love; man; matter; men; mind; morning; mrs; nature; new; november; people; physiology; place; point; present; president; professor; professor huxley; public; question; report; rest; right; royal; school; science; september; set; sir; society; south; state; subject; t.h; thanks; things; thought; time; tyndall; view; want; way; week; wife; wish; work; world; writing; years; young cache: 5226.txt plain text: 5226.txt item: #335 of 365 id: 52312 author: Bateson, William title: The Methods and Scope of Genetics An inaugural lecture delivered 23 October 1908 date: None words: 7663 flesch: 60 summary: Some of them are no doubt correctly so represented; but already we know numerous bodily features which need the concurrence of several factors to produce them. females, whether hybrid, or wild from a district where _lacticolor_ does not exist, the result was that all the males were _grossulariata_ and all the females _lacticolor_! keywords: case; cells; colour; factor; gametes; genetics; germ; individual; ingredient; parent cache: 52312.txt plain text: 52312.txt item: #336 of 365 id: 52382 author: Tordoff, Harrison Bruce title: Studies of Birds Killed in Nocturnal Migration date: None words: 16330 flesch: 70 summary: | 1| 14 Yellow-throated Vireo | | 1| | | | | | | | | | 1 Blue-headed Vireo | 1| 19| | | 52 Nashville Warbler | 7| keywords: 2| |; 3| |; = =; = |; adult; age; birds; fat; females; immature; kansas; males; migration; october; sample; sparrow |; species; thrush |; topeka; tower; vireo |; warbler |; | 1|; | | cache: 52382.txt plain text: 52382.txt item: #337 of 365 id: 5273 author: Gray, Asa title: Darwiniana; Essays and Reviews Pertaining to Darwinism date: None words: 108328 flesch: 49 summary: He goes farther, and this volume is a protracted argument intended to prove that the species we recognize have not been independently created, as such, but have descended, like varieties, from other species. At each period of growth all the growing twigs have tried to branch out on all sides, and overtop and kill the surrounding twigs and branches, in the same manner as species and groups of species have tried to overmaster other species in the great battle for life. keywords: account; action; american; animals; argument; case; causes; common; conditions; connection; darwin; design; difference; doctrine; evidence; evolution; existence; facts; force; forms; general; good; ground; hand; human; hypothesis; idea; individuals; insects; leaves; life; like; living; man; matter; means; mind; naturalists; nature; new; number; organic; origin; physical; place; plants; power; present; question; races; results; science; selection; sense; series; species; subject; tertiary; theory; thought; time; variation; varieties; view; way; work; world; years cache: 5273.txt plain text: 5273.txt item: #338 of 365 id: 53582 author: Dalquest, Walter Woelber title: Mammals of Washington, Volume 2 University of Kansas Publications Museum of Natural History date: None words: 136124 flesch: 73 summary: Remarks._--Intergradation between _rufa_ and _raineri_ is seen in specimens from the area between Stevens Pass and Skykomish, King County. The range now occupied by _caurina_ in the Rocky Mountains is so extensive as to suggest that martens could not have migrated into all of it from the Pacific Coast since Vashon Time, even had the region been unoccupied by any species of marten. keywords: = =; amer; area; average; black; blue; body; british; brown; burrows; c |; california; cascades; citellus; coast; coastal; color; columbia; common; county; dark; deer; distribution; eastern washington; fauna; feet; females; fig; food; foot; fur; genus; gray; ground; habitat; head; hind; howell; illustration; inches; jour; lake; length; life; males; mammals; merriam; mice; microtus; miller; mountains; mouse; museum; myotis; nat; national; near; north; northeastern; northern; olympic; oregon; pacific; parts; plateau; proc; puget; r |; race; racial; range; red; river; rocky; scheffer; shrew; size; sorex; south; southern; species; specimens; squirrel; states; subspecies; tail; talpoides; tamias; thomomys; time; total; townsendii; type; united; upper; valley; vashon; washington; washington average; water; western washington; white; wisconsin; zone; | -------------------------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+--; | | cache: 53582.txt plain text: 53582.txt item: #339 of 365 id: 54612 author: Spencer, Herbert title: The Principles of Biology, Volume 1 (of 2) date: None words: 245817 flesch: 50 summary: In a tree the woody core of trunk and branches, and in an animal the skeleton, internal or external, may be regarded as passively resisting the gravity and momentum which tend habitually or occasionally to derange the requisite relations between the organism and its environment; and since they resist these forces simply by their cohesion, their functions may be classed as _statical_. In such _Fungi_ as exhibit axial development at all, we commonly see development round a single axis. keywords: actions; aggregate; animals; arrangement; blood; body; cases; cause; cells; changes; characters; chemical; classes; come; common; complex; compounds; conception; conditions; course; creatures; degree; development; differences; effects; elements; energy; environment; equilibrium; evidence; evolution; facts; food; forces; form; functions; general; generation; germ; groups; growth; having; heat; hypothesis; increase; individuals; kind; life; like; living; mass; matter; members; modifications; molecules; motion; multiplication; nature; new; number; nutrition; order; organic; organisms; organization; organs; parts; phenomena; place; plants; power; present; process; processes; produce; professor; question; relations; reproductive; results; selection; set; size; species; state; structure; substance; system; things; time; tissue; traits; truth; types; units; variations; water; way; weismann; work cache: 54612.txt plain text: 54612.txt item: #340 of 365 id: 5792 author: Andrews, Jane title: The Stories Mother Nature Told Her Children date: None words: 22478 flesch: 76 summary: These forests were of trees, different in some ways from those we have now, great ferns as tall as this house, and mosses as high as little trees, and palm-leaves of enormous size. It would be difficult to tell you all their history; for never did little things grow faster, or change more wonderfully, than they. keywords: alba; children; coal; day; earth; eyes; father; feet; green; home; leaves; little; mother; new; people; sea; think; time; trees; water; way cache: 5792.txt plain text: 5792.txt item: #341 of 365 id: 57954 author: Bingley, William title: Useful Knowledge: Volume 2. Vegetables Or, a familiar account of the various productions of nature date: None words: 96500 flesch: 75 summary: In warm climates, where _garlic_ is produced having considerably less acrimony than in this country, it is much used, both as a seasoning and as food. The rice thus produced has the name of _marsh rice_, and is that which is chiefly imported into Europe. keywords: america; bark; berries; black; branches; bread; colour; common; countries; country; cultivation; cut; description; dry; east; england; europe; feet; fig; flavour; flowers; food; form; fruit; grass; green; ground; hard; having; indies; inhabitants; juice; kind; leaves; medicine; oil; parts; persons; pieces; plant; preparation; process; pulp; purpose; quantity; red; roots; seeds; shrub; size; smell; species; stalks; state; substance; sugar; taste; time; tree; uses; water; west; white; wild; wine; wood; years; yellow cache: 57954.txt plain text: 57954.txt item: #342 of 365 id: 5799 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 3 date: None words: 142526 flesch: 72 summary: Your observations are quite accurate and clearly described--and to be accurate in observation and clear in description is the first step towards good scientific work. Mr. Huxley and Mr. Knowles arrived here (Aldworth) on a visit. keywords: --at; --his; --on; --the; account; address; article; association; book; british; business; case; century; club; college; controversy; course; darwin; day; days; dear; december; dinner; eastbourne; education; essays; evolution; fact; february; following; foster; friend; general; good; great; half; history; hodeslea; home; hon; hooker; hope; house; huxley; institution; january; john; journal; june; kind; knowledge; law; lecture; left; letter; life; london; look; lord; love; man; march; matter; medal; meeting; memoirs; men; mind; mrs; nature; new; nineteenth; november; october; opinion; origin; oxford; people; place; point; present; proceedings; professor; public; quarterly; question; review; right; romanes; royal; school; science; second; sense; sir; society; state; subject; t.h; teaching; thanks; things; thought; time; university; visit; volume; way; wife; work; world; writing; years cache: 5799.txt plain text: 5799.txt item: #343 of 365 id: 58118 author: Bingley, William title: Useful Knowledge: Volume 3. Animals Or, a familiar account of the various productions of nature date: None words: 93594 flesch: 76 summary: Many persons breed rabbits in a _tame_ or _domestic state_. Birds _respire_ by air-vessels, which are extended through their body, and which, in the abdominal cavity, adhere to the under surface of the bones. keywords: account; america; animals; asia; birds; black; body; brown; colour; common; countries; country; deer; description; eggs; england; europe; fat; feathers; feet; fig; fish; flesh; food; form; ground; hair; head; horns; horses; inches; inhabitants; insects; jaw; kind; legs; length; milk; nets; numbers; oil; parts; persons; place; pounds; price; purpose; red; rivers; sea; season; sheep; size; skin; species; state; substance; table; tail; time; trees; tribe; upper; uses; value; water; weight; white; wild; winter; year cache: 58118.txt plain text: 58118.txt item: #344 of 365 id: 58867 author: Locy, William A. (William Albert) title: Biology and Its Makers With Portraits and Other Illustrations date: None words: 124084 flesch: 58 summary: Schwann was immediately struck with the similarity between the observations of Schleiden and certain of his own upon _animal_ tissues. The story has been developed almost entirely from the side of animal life; not that the botanical side has been underestimated, but that the story can be told from either side, and my first-hand acquaintance with botanical investigation is not sufficient to justify an attempt to estimate its particular achievements. keywords: account; anatomy; animals; baer; biological; biology; blood; body; book; cell; century; chapter; comparative; cuvier; darwin; development; discovery; doctrine; embryology; etc; evolution; experiments; fig; forms; fossil; general; germ; harvey; history; idea; illustration; influence; inheritance; knowledge; lamarck; life; linnæus; living; malpighi; man; method; microscopic; natural; nature; new; observations; organic; organisms; origin; period; physiology; plants; portrait; position; present; professor; progress; protoplasm; question; researches; rise; science; selection; species; structure; studies; study; substance; system; theory; thought; time; tissues; university; use; vesalius; views; von; way; weismann; work; years cache: 58867.txt plain text: 58867.txt item: #345 of 365 id: 60041 author: Hudson, W. H. (William Henry) title: Hampshire Days date: None words: 89598 flesch: 63 summary: It is pleasant to be out of doors in such weather, to stand in the coloured woods listening to that autumn sound of tits and other little birds wandering through the high trees in straggling parties, talking and calling to one another in their small sharp voices. Another thing I have wondered at in a creature of so quiet a disposition as the cirl bunting is the extraordinary violence of the male towards other small birds when by chance they come near his young, in or out of the nest. keywords: appearance; birds; black; bright; close; colour; common; cottage; country; cuckoo; dark; day; days; dead; distance; effect; end; eyes; feeling; flies; fly; forest; good; green; ground; half; hampshire; head; heath; insect; life; light; like; look; man; mind; nature; near; nest; oak; people; place; red; saw; selborne; sidenote; small; sound; species; spot; time; trees; type; village; water; way; white; woods; yards; years; yellow; yew cache: 60041.txt plain text: 60041.txt item: #346 of 365 id: 6078 author: Agassiz, Louis title: Louis Agassiz: His Life and Correspondence date: None words: 165143 flesch: 67 summary: Notwithstanding his close habits of work Agassiz was eminently social, and to this club he was especially attached. They were talking of a great fair held that day at the town of Morat, on the opposite side of the lake, to which M. Agassiz had gone in the morning, not crossing upon the ice, however, but driving around the shore. keywords: account; agassiz; age; america; animals; answer; bay; boston; braun; brother; cambridge; chapter; character; coast; collections; country; course; day; days; dear; development; doubt; england; europe; facts; family; father; fishes; following; fossil; friend; general; glacial; glacier; good; history; home; hope; house; humboldt; ice; interest; journey; kind; lectures; left; letter; life; living; louis; louis agassiz; man; means; munich; museum; nature; neuchatel; new; number; order; paris; phenomena; place; plan; pleasure; point; position; present; professor; relations; return; room; school; science; sea; shore; species; specimens; states; students; studies; study; summer; thought; time; united; university; visit; water; way; winter; work; world; years; young; zoology cache: 6078.txt plain text: 6078.txt item: #347 of 365 id: 6164 author: Jefferies, Richard title: The Life of the Fields date: None words: 74541 flesch: 77 summary: Blackbirds whistle all around, the woods are full of them; willow-wrens plaintively sing in the trees; other birds call--the dry wind mingles their notes. Other birds sit, and hope to escape by remaining still, till they detect the tremor coming direct towards them, when they rise. keywords: air; birds; black; blue; books; brook; brown; colour; country; dark; day; days; distance; earth; eyes; feet; field; fish; flowers; grass; green; half; hand; hedge; hills; leaves; left; life; light; london; look; man; men; mind; moment; oak; open; people; place; red; round; sea; shadow; shot; sky; spring; summer; sun; surface; things; thought; time; trees; trout; water; way; white; wild; wind; wings; wood; years; yellow cache: 6164.txt plain text: 6164.txt item: #348 of 365 id: 62790 author: Loring, J. Alden (John Alden) title: Young Folks' Nature Field Book date: None words: 26585 flesch: 79 summary: Seventh If you wish to see one of the most gorgeous of wood birds, the scarlet tanager, you must find him now, for, after the nesting season, he loses his black wings and tail and bright red dress, and dons the sober green hue of his mate. They are the ducks, geese, and swans, of which there are nearly fifty species; the grebes and loons, eleven species; the gulls and terns, thirty-seven species; and the cormorants and pelicans, beside many other water birds that we seldom or never see in Eastern United States. keywords: april; august; birds; black; december; eggs; february; food; ground; illustration; insects; january; july; june; march; nest; new; notes; november; october; red; second; september; snow; song; species; spring; tail; time; trees; water; white; wings; winter; yellow; young cache: 62790.txt plain text: 62790.txt item: #349 of 365 id: 6321 author: Belt, Thomas title: The Naturalist in Nicaragua date: None words: 122009 flesch: 71 summary: They appear to use their sting only as a defensive weapon; but other smaller species that hunt singly, and are very agile, use their stings to paralyse their prey. Trogons, parrots, toucans, mot-mots, and many other birds build in holes of trees or in the ground, and these, with their heads ever turned to the only entrance, are in the best possible position to pick off singly the scouts when they approach, thus effectually preventing them from carrying to the main army intelligence about the nest. keywords: air; america; ancient; animals; ants; beetles; birds; black; branches; brown; cattle; central; common; country; cut; dark; day; distance; domingo; dry; east; end; feet; fine; flowers; food; forest; form; fruit; gold; grass; green; ground; half; head; high; hills; house; indians; insects; lake; land; leaf; leaves; left; life; maize; man; men; miles; nest; new; nicaragua; night; north; parts; people; period; place; plants; quartz; range; river; road; rocks; san; santo; savannahs; sea; set; south; spaniards; species; surface; time; town; trees; tropical; valley; veins; volume; water; way; west; white; work; world; years; young cache: 6321.txt plain text: 6321.txt item: #350 of 365 id: 6322 author: Bonpland, Aimé title: Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Year 1799-1804 — Volume 1 date: None words: 211066 flesch: 61 summary: Great trees were growing in the places where the gold-washers had worked twenty years before. The sea, or great water, is in the Caribbean, Maypure, and Brazilian languages, parana: in the Tamanac, parava. keywords: action; air; america; appear; appearance; araya; aspect; atmosphere; banks; black; calcareous; cape; caracas; cariaco; caripe; cavern; chain; climate; clouds; coast; colour; continent; cordilleras; countries; country; crater; cumana; current; day; days; degrees; direction; distance; earth; earthquakes; east; elevation; europe; feet; fine; form; formation; general; globe; ground; guayra; gulf; heat; height; horizon; hours; indians; influence; inhabitants; interior; island; languages; latitude; lava; leagues; leaves; level; light; like; limestone; little; mass; mean; mexico; mica; minutes; missions; mountains; nations; natives; nature; near; new; north; number; observations; ocean; orinoco; parts; peak; people; period; peru; phenomenon; place; plains; plants; point; port; present; province; quito; race; regions; rio; river; road; rocks; salt; san; santa; sea; silla; sky; small; soil; south; spain; spanish; species; stars; state; strata; summit; sun; surface; temperature; teneriffe; thermometer; thick; time; toises; torrid; town; trees; tropics; valley; vapours; vast; vegetation; view; village; volcanic; volcano; volcanoes; water; west; white; wind; world; years; zone cache: 6322.txt plain text: 6322.txt item: #351 of 365 id: 6335 author: Lyell, Charles, Sir title: The Antiquity of Man date: None words: 168792 flesch: 55 summary: We know that Greenland was not always covered with snow and ice, for when we examine the Tertiary strata of Disco Island (of the Upper Miocene period) we discover there a multitude of fossil plants, which demonstrate that, like many other parts of the arctic regions, it formerly enjoyed a mild and genial climate. Among the accompanying animals found fossil in the same bone-earth, were observed Elephas primigenius, Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Ursus spelaeus, Bos primigenius, Megaceros hibernicus, Cervus tarandus (and other species of Cervus), Felis spelaea, Canis lupus, Canis vulpes, and teeth and bones of the genus Equus in great numbers. keywords: account; alluvium; alps; animals; antiquity; beds; blocks; bones; british; cave; chalk; changes; chapter; character; clay; coast; common; country; course; date; deposits; drift; east; england; europe; evidence; extinct; fauna; feet; figure; flint; formation; forms; fossil; freshwater; general; geological; glacial; glaciers; gravel; height; human; ice; implements; lake; land; level; living; loam; loess; mammalia; man; marine; miles; modern; mud; near; new; north; number; origin; page; parts; peat; period; place; plants; pleistocene; point; position; present; professor; remains; rhinoceros; river; rocks; sand; sea; series; shells; skull; society; somme; south; species; state; stone; strata; surface; theory; time; valley; volume; water; west; years cache: 6335.txt plain text: 6335.txt item: #352 of 365 id: 6430 author: Haeckel, Ernst title: The Evolution of Man — Volume 1 date: None words: 104318 flesch: 61 summary: Inside it, as in many other cells, there is a nuclear skeleton or frame and a third, hard nuclear body (the nucleolus). If our biogenetic law is true, if the embryonic development is a summary or condensed recapitulation of the stem-history--and there can be no doubt about it--we are bound to conclude, from the fact that all the ova are at first simple cells, that all the multicellular organisms originally sprang from a unicellular being. keywords: amphioxus; animals; blastula; blood; body; case; cavity; cells; chorda; development; dorsal; embryology; embryonic; evolution; figure; food; form; formation; gastrula; gastrulation; gut; half; human; inner; layer; life; like; mammals; man; medullary; middle; mouth; nucleus; organs; outer; ova; ovum; parts; primitive; science; section; segmentation; simple; skin; species; stage; stem; structure; theory; time; tube; ventral; vertebrates; vesicle; wall; way; yelk cache: 6430.txt plain text: 6430.txt item: #353 of 365 id: 6441 author: Parker, Francis W. (Francis Wayland) title: Uncle Robert's Geography (Uncle Robert's Visit, V.3) date: None words: 34798 flesch: 96 summary: How d' do, Susie, she said, with a shy glance at Uncle Robert. Don't you want to see Susie's garden, Robert? asked Mrs. Leonard, Yes, indeed, said Uncle Robert. keywords: air; children; day; donald; earth; frank; garden; ground; illustration; leaves; leonard; look; morning; mrs; rain; river; sun; susie; time; trees; uncle robert; water; way cache: 6441.txt plain text: 6441.txt item: #354 of 365 id: 6710 author: Haeckel, Ernst title: The Evolution of Man — Volume 2 date: None words: 106584 flesch: 63 summary: As in many other lower animals, the cells have only one whip-like hair each, and so are called flagellate (whip) cells (in contrast with the ciliated cells, which have a number of short lashes or cilia). The bladder originates from the hindmost and lowest part of the allantoic pedicle (urachus), which enlarges in spindle shape before the entry into the cloaca. keywords: amphibia; amphioxus; ancestors; animals; apes; arches; blood; body; brain; branchial; canal; cavity; cells; chapter; chief; class; common; development; dorsal; embryo; embryonic; end; evolution; figure; fishes; fore; form; formation; gill; group; gut; head; heart; human; layer; left; life; lower; mammals; man; middle; mouth; number; organs; outer; parts; period; right; rudimentary; section; sense; simple; skeleton; skin; skull; stem; strata; structure; system; tube; upper; ventral; vertebrates; vessels; wall cache: 6710.txt plain text: 6710.txt item: #355 of 365 id: 6919 author: Huxley, Thomas Henry title: Darwiniana : Essays — Volume 02 date: None words: 116377 flesch: 52 summary: But there are multitudes of other animals, such as crabs, lobsters, spiders, and so on, which we term _ There are other animals existing on the sea, the shells of which form exceedingly large deposits. keywords: action; animals; beings; body; book; case; causes; conditions; course; creation; darwin; development; doctrine; doubt; evidence; evolution; example; existence; fact; footnote; forms; generation; good; great; groups; hand; history; horse; hypothesis; influence; kind; knowledge; lamarck; laws; les; life; living; man; manner; matter; means; mind; mivart; modification; nature; new; non; number; offspring; organic; organisms; origin; particular; parts; phenomena; place; plants; point; power; present; process; produce; professor; question; reason; result; science; second; selection; sense; series; sort; species; state; stock; structure; subject; tendency; theory; things; thought; time; variation; varieties; variety; views; way; work; world; years cache: 6919.txt plain text: 6919.txt item: #356 of 365 id: 6981 author: Jefferies, Richard title: The Open Air date: None words: 76350 flesch: 78 summary: Little men most of them--the bowl of a German pipe inverted would have covered them all, within which, like bees in a hive, they might hum Te Deum Bismarckum Laudamus. Guido took two; they were curious flowers with knobs surrounded with little blue flowers like a lady's bonnet. keywords: air; autumn; beauty; birds; blue; brown; colour; country; day; earth; eye; field; flowers; good; grass; green; guido; half; hand; hedge; labour; leaves; left; life; light; london; look; man; men; mind; nature; oak; open; people; place; rain; red; river; road; roof; round; sea; shadow; sky; summer; sun; sunshine; things; thought; time; trees; water; way; wheat; white; wild; wind; winter; work; years; yellow; young cache: 6981.txt plain text: 6981.txt item: #357 of 365 id: 7020 author: Cooper, Lane title: Louis Agassiz as a Teacher; illustrative extracts on his method of instruction date: None words: 14309 flesch: 67 summary: On my return, I learned that Professor Agassiz had been at the Museum, but had gone, and would not return for several hours. The phrase adopted as the title of this article ['Louis Agassiz, Teacher'] begins his simple will, Agassiz was likewise an investigator, a director of research, and the founder of a great museum. keywords: agassiz; beauty; fish; footnote; history; knowledge; life; look; man; nature; professor; science; specimens; students; study; teacher; time; work; years cache: 7020.txt plain text: 7020.txt item: #358 of 365 id: 7030 author: Jefferies, Richard title: Field and Hedgerow: Being the Last Essays of Richard Jefferies date: None words: 105785 flesch: 77 summary: Dim memories of old days come crowding round me, invisible to him, to me visible and alive, of the kings, great hunters, who met with the charcoal-burners in the vast forests of mediaeval days, of the noble knights and dames whom the rude charcoal-burners guided to their castles through trackless wastes, and all the romance of old. No rude charcoal-burner of old days this. keywords: air; away; birds; black; blue; books; brown; colour; corn; cottage; country; dark; day; days; deer; earth; end; english; eye; fact; farmer; fields; flowers; forest; garden; good; grass; green; half; hand; hedge; high; hill; home; house; human; insects; land; leaf; leaves; left; life; look; man; men; mind; morning; nature; nest; new; open; people; place; read; red; right; road; round; sea; shadow; sky; snow; spring; summer; sun; surface; things; thought; time; trees; village; wall; water; way; wheat; white; wild; wind; window; wings; winter; wood; work; world; years; yellow cache: 7030.txt plain text: 7030.txt item: #359 of 365 id: 7234 author: Vries, Hugo de title: Species and Varieties, Their Origin by Mutation date: None words: 184513 flesch: 62 summary: Young stems of _rubrinervis_ may be broken off by a sharp stroke, and show a smooth rupture across all the tissues, while those of _lamarckiana_ are very tough and strong. This was especially observed in the case of _rubrinervis_, which is not of such rare occurrence as _O. gigas_, and which it has been possible to study in large numbers of individuals. keywords: average; branches; cases; change; characters; color; conditions; course; crosses; culture; degree; discussion; doubt; elementary; evidence; experiments; fact; flowers; forms; garden; generation; groups; half; heads; hybrid; importance; individuals; instances; leaves; lecture; life; means; mutations; nature; new; number; ones; order; origin; original; parent; parts; period; place; plants; point; present; produce; qualities; question; race; red; result; rule; second; seeds; selection; species; specimens; state; stems; systematic; time; type; variability; varieties; variety; way; white; wild; years cache: 7234.txt plain text: 7234.txt item: #360 of 365 id: 7280 author: Burroughs, John title: My Boyhood date: None words: 48437 flesch: 82 summary: And it being my first time away from home Father wrote more frequently, and he dropped the formality of his earlier letters. In the beginning, at least, Father wrote these sketches of his boyhood and early farm life as a matter of self-defense: I had made a determined attempt to write them and when I did this I was treading on what was to him more or less sacred ground, for as he once said in a letter to me, You will be homesick; I know just how I felt when I left home forty-three years ago. keywords: big; black; boy; boys; burroughs; day; days; end; family; farm; father; feet; fields; good; half; hand; hiram; home; house; ice; letter; life; look; man; men; morning; mother; nature; near; new; night; people; place; road; saw; school; sheep; snow; spring; stone; summer; things; time; tree; water; way; wild; winter; woods; work; world; years cache: 7280.txt plain text: 7280.txt item: #361 of 365 id: 8420 author: Vaknin, Samuel title: Issues in Population and Bioethics date: None words: 30 flesch: 86 summary: RTF is Rich Text Format, and is readable in nearly any modern word processing program. Please see the corresponding RTF file for this eBook. keywords: rtf cache: 8420.txt plain text: 8420.txt item: #362 of 365 id: 8517 author: Cunningham, J. T. (Joseph Thomas) title: Hormones and Heredity A Discussion of the Evolution of Adaptations and the Evolution of Species date: None words: 70922 flesch: 56 summary: Bateson's explanation is that the female, according to the Mendelian theory of sex, is heterozygous in sex, the male homozygous and recessive, and that _lacticolor_ is linked with the female sex-character, _grossulariata_ being repelled by that character. Under unfavourable conditions reduction or meiosis occurs, and two kinds of eggs larger and smaller are formed, both with _N_ chromosomes. keywords: animals; birds; black; body; case; cells; change; characters; chromosomes; colour; conditions; development; evidence; evolution; eyes; fact; factor; feathers; female; fish; fishes; footnote; gametes; glands; half; head; heredity; hormone; individual; influence; life; male; milk; mutation; new; organs; origin; ovum; place; plumage; present; relation; sex; species; testes; theory; time; white cache: 8517.txt plain text: 8517.txt item: #363 of 365 id: 8682 author: Cornish, C. J. (Charles John) title: The Naturalist on the Thames date: None words: 66105 flesch: 73 summary: The supply of fish, and the open and strictly private extent of water, then attracted a number of wild duck or water birds of some kind, which the writer was invited to see and identify, as it did not seem probable that they could be the ordinary wild duck, which are vegetable feeders, and would need an artificial supply of grain, which is provided on the Serpentine, but is not given to any of these reservoir ducks. They feed on the decaying leaves of the iris and other water plants, and from the number of divisions on the shell are believed to live for sometimes twenty years. keywords: banks; bed; birds; black; chalk; chiswick; country; cut; day; earth; eel; england; eyot; feet; fish; flowers; food; form; fox; garden; good; grass; half; hedges; hills; house; illustration; insects; island; kind; land; leaves; life; line; little; london; london river; men; mill; morning; new; night; number; open; oxford; park; place; plants; red; river; round; saw; sea; sheep; shells; spring; stream; summer; sun; surface; thames; time; trees; trout; valley; water; way; white; wild; winter; wood; years; young cache: 8682.txt plain text: 8682.txt item: #364 of 365 id: 880 author: Lowell, James Russell title: My Garden Acquaintance date: None words: 7690 flesch: 75 summary: My friend, Edward E. Hale, told me once that the oriole rejected from his web all strands of brilliant color, and I thought it a striking example of that instinct of concealment noticeable in many birds, though it should seem in this instance that the nest was amply protected by its position from all marauders but owls and squirrels. Birds frequently perish from sudden changes in our whimsical spring weather of which they had no foreboding. keywords: birds; day; doubt; garden; nest; pair; robins; song; summer; time; tree; way; weather; white; years cache: 880.txt plain text: 880.txt item: #365 of 365 id: 944 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Voyage of the Beagle date: None words: 208238 flesch: 67 summary: Professor Ehrenberg [3] finds that this dust consists in great part of infusoria with siliceous shields, and of the siliceous tissue of plants. The sand is entirely, or in greater part, siliceous; but some points are of a black colour, and from their glossy surface possess a metallic lustre. keywords: america; animals; appearance; archipelago; beagle; birds; black; body; captain; case; cattle; central; character; chile; climate; close; coast; common; cordillera; country; course; day; days; degs; del; distance; doubt; english; evening; fact; feet; fine; food; forest; form; fuego; general; good; green; ground; habits; half; hand; head; height; horses; house; indians; inhabitants; island; kind; land; left; level; line; living; low; man; manner; men; miles; morning; mountains; nature; near; new; night; north; northern; number; open; parts; patagonia; people; place; plain; plants; point; present; rain; rio; river; road; rock; salt; sand; sea; shells; shore; size; snow; south; southern; species; state; surface; thought; tierra; time; town; trees; valley; vegetation; view; vol; water; white; wild; wind; years cache: 944.txt plain text: 944.txt