item: #1 of 17 id: 12762 author: Martin, Edward A. (Edward Alfred) title: The Story of a Piece of Coal: What It Is, Whence It Comes, and Whither It Goes date: None words: 41701 flesch: 61 summary: As we have seen, large quantities of coal are formed almost exclusively of _lepidodendron_ spores, and such coal is productive of a great quantity of dust. Coal is the mineral which has resulted, after the lapse of thousands of thousands of years, from the accumulations of vegetable material, caused by the steady yearly shedding of leaves, fronds and spores, from forests which existed in an early age; these accumulated where the trees grew that bore them, and formed in the first place, perhaps, beds of peat; the beds have since been subjected to an ever-increasing pressure of accumulating strata above them, compressing the sheddings of a whole forest into a thickness in some cases of a few inches of coal, and have been acted upon by the internal heat of the earth, which has caused them to part, to a varying degree, with some of their component gases. keywords: acid; age; air; aniline; beds; carbon; carboniferous; coal; fact; feet; field; fig; fire; forest; form; formation; gas; heat; illustration; iron; land; light; limestone; measures; miles; oil; oils; place; plants; process; products; quantity; seams; strata; tar; time; trees; use; vegetation; water; way; years; | | cache: 12762.txt plain text: 12762.txt item: #2 of 17 id: 17449 author: None title: Mining Laws of Ohio, 1921 date: None words: 35859 flesch: 50 summary: The owner, lessee or agent of a mine worked by a shaft or slope, shall put in charge of an engine used for lowering into or hoisting out of such mine persons employed therein, only experienced, competent and sober engineers. The persons entitled to examine maps, plans, records and papers of a mine, shall be the owner, lessee or agent of such mine; the persons financially interested in such mine; the owner, or owners, of land adjoining such mine; the owner, or owners, of land adjacent to such mine; the owner, lessee or agent of a mine adjacent to such mine; and the authorized representatives of the employes of such mine. keywords: act; agent; certificate; chief; child; coal; department; district; duties; feet; fire; general; inspector; lessee; mines; oil; owner; persons; place; provisions; sec; section; state; time; working cache: 17449.txt plain text: 17449.txt item: #3 of 17 id: 18751 author: Beringer, C. (Cornelius) title: A Text-book of Assaying: For the Use of Those Connected with Mines. date: None words: 207003 flesch: 67 summary: | | Water | Assay on | ------+--------------------+---------------| |Lost at| the Dry | Date. In some cases, where the density of the solution differs greatly from that of water, the percentage by weight may be given; and in others, mixtures of two or more liquids, the percentages may be given by volume or by weight; as so many c.c. in 100 c.c., or as so many grams in 100 grams, or even as so many grams in 100 c.c. keywords: acetate; acid solution; addition; ammonia; arsenic; assay solution; assays; boiling; boiling solution; book; bulk; button; c.c; carbonate; carbonic acid; case; cent; chloride solution; colour; copper; copper solution; crucible; cyanide; cyanide solution; determination; dilute acid; dilute solution; dissolve; dry; equivalent; example; excess; ferric; ferrous; fig; filter; filtrate; flask; following; gas; gold; grams; heat; hot; hydrochloric; hydrogen; insoluble; iron; lead; lime; litre; loss; metal; method; nickel; nitrate; nitric acid; ore; ores; oxide; oxygen; parts; percentage; permanganate; platinum; potash; potassium solution; precipitate; present; quantities; quantity; required; residue; results; salt; salt solution; sample; silver; slag; soda; sodium; soluble; solutions; standard; substance; sulphate; sulphide; sulphuric; temperature; time; tin; titration; tube; use; volume; wash; water; way; weight; work; zinc; | | cache: 18751.txt plain text: 18751.txt item: #4 of 17 id: 20146 author: Strohm, Rufus T. (Rufus Tracy) title: Engineering Bulletin No 1: Boiler and Furnace Testing date: None words: 8935 flesch: 87 summary: | 1. | 2. keywords: = =; boiler; coal; feed; pounds; steam; test; water cache: 20146.txt plain text: 20146.txt item: #5 of 17 id: 26142 author: Johnson, Samuel W. (Samuel William) title: Peat and its Uses as Fertilizer and Fuel date: None words: 51161 flesch: 72 summary: The results therefore become a better expression of the power of _peat_, in general, to absorb ammonia, if we reckon them on the organic matter alone. The organic or combustible part of peat_ varies considerably in its proximate composition. keywords: acid; air; ammonia; brown,| |; carbonate; cent; clift |; coal; compost; conn; dry; drying; effect; feet; fuel; gas; good; inches; iron; light; lime; machine; manure; matters; muck; nitrogen; peat; peat fuel; power; quantity; soda; soil; surface; time; use; water; wood; | brooklyn; | page; | | cache: 26142.txt plain text: 26142.txt item: #6 of 17 id: 26697 author: Hoover, Herbert title: Principles of Mining: Valuation, Organization and Administration date: None words: 61726 flesch: 63 summary: ============================================================= Feet of | 100,000 | 200,000 | 300,000 | 500,000 |1,000,000 Water Lift | Gallons | Gallons | Gallons | Gallons | Gallons Avoided |per Diem |per Diem |per PRINCIPLES OF MINING +--------------------------------------------------------------+ | Published by the | | McGraw-Hill Book Company | | New York | | | | Successors to the Book Departments of the | | McGraw Publishing Company Hill Publishing Company | | | | Publishers of Books for | | Electrical World The Engineering and Mining Journal | | Engineering Record Power and The Engineer | | Electric Railway Journal American Machinist | | Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering | +--------------------------------------------------------------+ PRINCIPLES OF MINING VALUATION, ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION COPPER, GOLD, LEAD, SILVER, TIN AND ZINC BY HERBERT C. HOOVER _Member American Institute of Mining Engineers, Mining and Metallurgical Society of America, Société des Ingénieurs Civils de France, Fellow Royal Geographical Society, etc._ First Edition _FOURTH THOUSAND_ McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY 239 WEST 39TH STREET, NEW YORK BOUVERIE STREET, LONDON, E.C. 1909 PREFACE. keywords: = =; = |; air; average; broken; capital; cases; conditions; cost; deposits; depth; development; efficiency; engineer; equipment; extension; feet; fig; filling; haulage; levels; life; mechanical; metal; method; mines; mining; number; ore; ore ore; power; price; production; shaft; stopes; stoping; system; value; vertical; waste; work; working; years; | | cache: 26697.txt plain text: 26697.txt item: #7 of 17 id: 27842 author: Leith, C. K. (Charles Kenneth) title: The Economic Aspect of Geology date: None words: 163838 flesch: 51 summary: Because of the resistant nature both of ore minerals and gangue, weathering and secondary concentration have had little effect in enriching gold deposits. Other mineral deposits formed under much the same conditions as salt are gypsum, potash, borax, nitrates, and minerals of bromine; and in a study of the origin of salt deposits these minerals should also be considered. keywords: amounts; associated; beds; cases; cent; coal; commercial; concentration; conditions; control; copper; copper deposits; copper ores; countries; deposits; development; distribution; district; earth; economic; england; exploration; fact; factors; features; field; form; future; general; geologic; geologist; geology; germany; gold; government; grade; ground; high; industry; interest; international; iron ores; lead; manganese; materials; methods; mineral deposits; mineral resources; minerals; mining; nature; new; oil; ore deposits; ores; origin; oxide; present; principal; processes; production; products; purposes; quantities; quartz; relation; reserves; resources; result; rocks; salt; sedimentary; silver; silver ores; solutions; steel; study; sulphide; supplies; supply; surface; time; total; united states; use; value; war; water; weathering; work; world; years; zinc; zinc ores; zone cache: 27842.txt plain text: 27842.txt item: #8 of 17 id: 29633 author: Bishop, Philip W. title: The Beginnings of Cheap Steel date: None words: 15297 flesch: 63 summary: Whether or not Bessemer is entitled to claim priority of invention, one can but agree with the ironmaster who said:[6] Mr. Bessemer has raised such a spirit of enquiry throughout ... the land as must lead to an improved system of manufacture. _Such a purifying vessel Mr. Bessemer has delineated in one of his patents. keywords: american; bessemer; bessemer process; british; ebbw; furnace; iron; journal; kelly; martien; metal; mining; mushet; patent; process; steel; vale; vol cache: 29633.txt plain text: 29633.txt item: #9 of 17 id: 29926 author: Hittell, John S. (John Shertzer) title: Hittel on Gold Mines and Mining date: None words: 22730 flesch: 73 summary: Hydraulic mining is the highest branch of placer mining; it washes more dirt, and requires more water, and a larger sluice, than any other kind of mining. Quicksilver is used in gold mining for catching the small particles of metal; the large ones are caught by their weight. keywords: bars; county; dirt; dollars; feet; gold; inches; miles; mining; pay; quartz; quicksilver; riffle; river; rock; sand; sluice; washing; water cache: 29926.txt plain text: 29926.txt item: #10 of 17 id: 31024 author: Multhauf, Robert P. title: Mine Pumping in Agricola's Time and Later date: None words: 3737 flesch: 62 summary: cit._, footnote 8, p. 306), B. Rössler, in his _Speculum metallurgiae politissimum_ (Dresden, 1700, p. 41) says that the Taschenkunst (pocket-work) was used with a pipe, like the rag and chain pump, and the translator of the German (1928) edition of _De re metallica_ also uses Heinzen and Taschen interchangeably. [8] The emergence of the term Kunst in German mining terminology is connected with the application of water power, especially to pumping (see Heinrich Veith, _Deutsches Berg-wörterbuch_, Breslau, 1870, article Kunst). keywords: agricola; century; cit; figure; footnote; mining; museum; water cache: 31024.txt plain text: 31024.txt item: #11 of 17 id: 33630 author: Boyd, Lucius J. title: Geological Report on Asbestos and its Indications, in the Province of Quebec, Canada date: None words: 2527 flesch: 47 summary: It is the transposition of the serpentine into Asbestos fibre, by the action of the atmosphere. In this case their faces will have a slicken appearance, smeared over with thin layers of imperfect Asbestos, or crysotile, now and then compact, fibrous hornblende, up to 24 inches in length, of various colours, and rich deposits of olivine, in rare cases small quantities of ground ivory with many other admixtures. keywords: asbestos; canada; fibre; rocks; serpentine cache: 33630.txt plain text: 33630.txt item: #12 of 17 id: 3679 author: Johnson, J. C. F. (Joseph Colin Francis) title: Getting Gold: A Practical Treatise for Prospectors, Miners and Students date: None words: 52274 flesch: 61 summary: As applied to gold lodes the teaching of experience does not bear out this view. It may be taken as a safe axiom that to make gold mining in the mine as distinct from mining on the Stock Exchange really profitable the same system of economy, of practical supervision, and scientific knowledge which is now adopted in all other businesses must be applied to the raising and extraction of the metal. keywords: acid; action; alluvial; amalgam; battery; case; copper; course; cylinder; end; feet; fine; form; furnace; gold; good; half; horse; iron; lode; man; means; men; mercury; metal; mill; mines; mining; mode; new; ore; place; plates; power; process; pyrites; quartz; silver; solution; stone; sulphide; surface; time; tin; treatment; use; water; work cache: 3679.txt plain text: 3679.txt item: #13 of 17 id: 38015 author: Agricola, Georg title: De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556 date: None words: 323552 flesch: 72 summary: The feathery vitriol is soft and fine and hair-like, and _melanteria_ has the appearance of wool and it has a similarity to salt; all these are rare and light; _sory_, _chalcitis_, and _misy_ have the following relations. All these native varieties have the odour of lightning (brimstone), but _sory_ is the most powerful. keywords: = xxvii=; acid; agricola; air; alloy; alum; ancient; antimony; aqua; ashes; assay; assaying; author; axle; b.c; bar; bars; beams; bellows; black; blast; board; book; box; cadmia; cakes; case; centumpondium; century; chain; charcoal; colour; concentrates; contains; copper; copper ore; cord; cross; crucible; cupellation; cut; day; deep; depth; description; digits; distance; doubt; drum; dry; earth; end; ends; fall; fastened; fathoms; feet; fine; fire; flows; following; foot; forehearth; fourth; furnace; german; glass; gold; gold ore; good; greek; half; half feet; hand; handle; head; heat; high; hole; illustration; iron; iron ore; juices; kind; latin; lead; lead ore; left; length; libra; liquation; litharge; little; long; lute; making; manner; master; material; means; meer; men; mention; metal; metallica; method; middle; minerals; mines; mining; mountain; mouth; note; number; open; order; ore; ores; origin; owners; page; palms; particles; parting; parts; pieces; pipe; place; plates; pliny; point; portion; pots; powder; process; pyrites; quicksilver; reason; refining; remains; right; rock; rod; roman; round; salt; saltpetre; sand; second; set; shaft; short; sides; sieve; silver; silver ore; slags; smelting; space; stone; strake; subject; substance; sulphur; term; thick; things; time; tin; transverse; tub; tunnel; turn; uncia; upper; use; vein; vena; vitriol; wall; washing; water; way; weight; wheel; white; wood; work; zinc cache: 38015.txt plain text: 38015.txt item: #14 of 17 id: 38903 author: Hoskin, Arthur J. (Arthur Joseph) title: The Business of Mining A brief non-technical exposition of the principles involved in the profitable operation of mines date: None words: 38329 flesch: 61 summary: The word exploitation is used by many mining men and engineers to signify a plan of so opening up ore deposits as to render the contents removable. Prof. Robert H. Richards, the head of the mining department in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the inventor of machines which have made him famous among mining men, says, Ore dressing is an essential part of mining. keywords: = =; bodies; body; business; coal; companies; company; copper; gold; gold mining; great; ground; man; men; metal; mineral; mines; mining; mining company; mining men; mining property; new; operations; ore; ore bodies; ores; practice; production; property; shaft; silver; states; time; ton; value; work; world; years; | | cache: 38903.txt plain text: 38903.txt item: #15 of 17 id: 43297 author: Searle, Alfred B. (Alfred Broadhead) title: The Natural History of Clay date: None words: 38630 flesch: 55 summary: Limestone_ occurs in many marls and to a smaller extent in other clays. All clays are rendered more workable by exposure, but some of them are damaged by the oxidation of some impurities (_e.g._ pyrites) in them, though in other clays this very oxidation, if followed by the leaching action of rain, effects an important purification of the material. keywords: action; ball clays; bricks; china clays; clay substance; clays; coal; colour; composition; deposits; form; formation; kaolins; manufacture; material; nature; particles; plastic; plasticity; present; proportion; refractory; sand; shales; silica; temperature; term; water; | | cache: 43297.txt plain text: 43297.txt item: #16 of 17 id: 45287 author: Bramble, Charles A. title: The A B C of Mining: A Handbook for Prospectors date: None words: 41185 flesch: 76 summary: With this modest collection of implements he made forty assays of gold ores that turned out to be correct when repeated in a laboratory. of metallic iron, but are in demand as fluxes for other iron ores. keywords: acid; amalgam; black; case; cent; clay; copper; deposits; feet; fine; gold; gravel; great; illustration; inches; iron; lead; material; mercury; metal; mineral; mining; nitric; ore; ores; pan; pipe; pounds; prospector; quartz; quicksilver; red; rock; silver; square; surface; test; tin; ton; value; vein; water; white; work; zinc cache: 45287.txt plain text: 45287.txt item: #17 of 17 id: 48925 author: Wilson, John title: A History of the Durham Miner's Association 1870-1904 date: None words: 101076 flesch: 68 summary: It is therefore necessary for the State to fix the amount of wages men should be paid, for men require bread as well as hours. Again, if you seek by Act of Parliament an Eight Hours' Bill, it logically follows that you regard eight hours as the number of hours men should work. keywords: act; advance; arbitration; association; board; case; cent; coal; coal owners; collieries; colliery; committee; council; council meeting; county; day; durham; durham miners; employers; executive; federation; federation board; following; general; great; hours; july; life; man; matter; meeting; members; men; miners; mr crawford; mr w.; number; owners; place; position; present; question; reduction; resolution; result; scale; strike; time; trade; union; wages; work; working; workmen; years cache: 48925.txt plain text: 48925.txt