item: #1 of 678 id: Angola-0043 author: Angola title: Angola-0043 date: None words: 26 flesch: 47 summary: Laws, treaties and other acts of the state, local government bodies and public bodies in general shall only be valid if they conform to the Constitution. keywords: bodies cache: Angola-0043.txt plain text: Angola-0043.txt item: #2 of 678 id: Angola-0045 author: Angola title: Angola-0045 date: None words: 22 flesch: 53 summary: The validity and legal force of custom which does not contradict the Constitution and does not threaten human dignity shall be recognised. keywords: validity cache: Angola-0045.txt plain text: Angola-0045.txt item: #3 of 678 id: Angola-0063 author: Angola title: Angola-0063 date: None words: 43 flesch: 35 summary: The Republic of Angola shall respect and implement the principles of the United Nations Charter and the Charter of the Organisation of African Unity and shall establish friendly and cooperative relations with all states and peoples on the basis of the following principles: keywords: charter cache: Angola-0063.txt plain text: Angola-0063.txt item: #4 of 678 id: Angola-0064 author: Angola title: Angola-0064 date: None words: 6 flesch: 3 summary: Respect for sovereignty and national independence; keywords: respect cache: Angola-0064.txt plain text: Angola-0064.txt item: #5 of 678 id: Angola-0065 author: Angola title: Angola-0065 date: None words: 3 flesch: 90 summary: Equality amongst states; keywords: equality cache: Angola-0065.txt plain text: Angola-0065.txt item: #6 of 678 id: Angola-0066 author: Angola title: Angola-0066 date: None words: 9 flesch: 47 summary: The rights of peoples to self-determination and independence; keywords: independence cache: Angola-0066.txt plain text: Angola-0066.txt item: #7 of 678 id: Angola-0067 author: Angola title: Angola-0067 date: None words: 4 flesch: 54 summary: Peaceful solutions to conflicts; keywords: conflicts cache: Angola-0067.txt plain text: Angola-0067.txt item: #8 of 678 id: Angola-0068 author: Angola title: Angola-0068 date: None words: 4 flesch: 75 summary: Respect for human rights; keywords: respect cache: Angola-0068.txt plain text: Angola-0068.txt item: #9 of 678 id: Angola-0069 author: Angola title: Angola-0069 date: None words: 8 flesch: 61 summary: Non-interference in the affairs of other states; keywords: non cache: Angola-0069.txt plain text: Angola-0069.txt item: #10 of 678 id: Angola-0070 author: Angola title: Angola-0070 date: None words: 2 flesch: -91 summary: Reciprocal advantages; keywords: advantages cache: Angola-0070.txt plain text: Angola-0070.txt item: #11 of 678 id: Angola-0071 author: Angola title: Angola-0071 date: None words: 14 flesch: 5 summary: Repudiating and combating terrorism, drugs trafficking, racism, corruption and people and human organ trafficking; keywords: trafficking cache: Angola-0071.txt plain text: Angola-0071.txt item: #12 of 678 id: Angola-0072 author: Angola title: Angola-0072 date: None words: 9 flesch: 75 summary: Cooperation with all peoples for peace, justice and progress. keywords: progress cache: Angola-0072.txt plain text: Angola-0072.txt item: #13 of 678 id: Angola-0077 author: Angola title: Angola-0077 date: None words: 22 flesch: 34 summary: General or common international law received under the terms of this Constitution shall form an integral part of the Angolan legal system. keywords: system cache: Angola-0077.txt plain text: Angola-0077.txt item: #14 of 678 id: Angola-0078 author: Angola title: Angola-0078 date: None words: 45 flesch: 22 summary: Duly approved or ratified international treaties and agreements shall come into force in the Angolan legal system after they have been officially published and have entered into force in the international legal system, for as long as they are internationally binding upon the Angolan state. keywords: force cache: Angola-0078.txt plain text: Angola-0078.txt item: #15 of 678 id: Angola-0161 author: Angola title: Angola-0161 date: None words: 21 flesch: 32 summary: The fundamental rights established in this Constitution shall not exclude others contained in the laws and applicable rules of international law. keywords: law cache: Angola-0161.txt plain text: Angola-0161.txt item: #16 of 678 id: Angola-0162 author: Angola title: Angola-0162 date: None words: 46 flesch: 11 summary: Constitutional and legal precepts relating to fundamental rights must be interpreted and incorporated in accordance with the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man, the African Charter on the Rights of Man and Peoples and international treaties on the subject ratified by the Republic of Angola. keywords: rights cache: Angola-0162.txt plain text: Angola-0162.txt item: #17 of 678 id: Angola-0163 author: Angola title: Angola-0163 date: None words: 32 flesch: 28 summary: In any consideration by the Angolan courts of disputes concerning fundamental rights , the international instruments referred to in the previous point shall be applied, even if not invoked by the parties concerned. keywords: parties cache: Angola-0163.txt plain text: Angola-0163.txt item: #18 of 678 id: Angola-0463 author: Angola title: Angola-0463 date: None words: 31 flesch: 47 summary: The state shall recognise and protect the right of rural communities to use and benefit from the means of production, under the terms of the Constitution, the law and customary law. keywords: law cache: Angola-0463.txt plain text: Angola-0463.txt item: #19 of 678 id: Angola-0924 author: Angola title: Angola-0924 date: None words: 13 flesch: 43 summary: The National Assembly shall have exclusive power to legislate on the following matters: keywords: matters cache: Angola-0924.txt plain text: Angola-0924.txt item: #20 of 678 id: Angola-0930 author: Angola title: Angola-0930 date: None words: 25 flesch: 29 summary: The basic elements of the system for the organisation and functioning of local government and the involvement of citizens and traditional authorities in its work; keywords: work cache: Angola-0930.txt plain text: Angola-0930.txt item: #21 of 678 id: Angola-1222 author: Angola title: Angola-1222 date: None words: 29 flesch: 8 summary: The forms of local government organisation shall include local authorities, the institutions of the traditional authorities and other specific forms of citizen participation, under the terms of the law. keywords: forms cache: Angola-1222.txt plain text: Angola-1222.txt item: #22 of 678 id: Angola-1259 author: Angola title: Angola-1259 date: None words: 28 flesch: 27 summary: The state shall recognise the status, role and functions of the institutions of the traditional authorities founded in accordance with customary law which do not contradict the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Angola-1259.txt plain text: Angola-1259.txt item: #23 of 678 id: Angola-1260 author: Angola title: Angola-1260 date: None words: 52 flesch: 0 summary: Recognition of the institutions of the traditional authorities shall oblige public and private entities to respect, in their relations with these institutions, the values and norms of customary law that are observed within traditional political and community organisations and do not conflict with the Constitution or the dignity of the human person. keywords: recognition cache: Angola-1260.txt plain text: Angola-1260.txt item: #24 of 678 id: Angola-1262 author: Angola title: Angola-1262 date: None words: 36 flesch: 10 summary: The traditional authorities shall be the entities which personify and exercise power within the respective political and community organisations, in accordance with the values and norms of customary law and respecting the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Angola-1262.txt plain text: Angola-1262.txt item: #25 of 678 id: Angola-1264 author: Angola title: Angola-1264 date: None words: 40 flesch: -30 summary: The attributions, responsibilities, organisation, system of control, liability and assets of the institutions of the traditional authorities, their institutional relations with state local administration and local authority administration bodies and the types of traditional authorities shall be regulated by law. keywords: authorities cache: Angola-1264.txt plain text: Angola-1264.txt item: #26 of 678 id: Angola-1272 author: Angola title: Angola-1272 date: None words: 20 flesch: 21 summary: All acts which constitute violations of constitutional principles and norms shall be subject to a review of their constitutionality, specifically: keywords: acts cache: Angola-1272.txt plain text: Angola-1272.txt item: #27 of 678 id: Angola-1274 author: Angola title: Angola-1274 date: None words: 5 flesch: -18 summary: International treaties, conventions and agreements; keywords: agreements cache: Angola-1274.txt plain text: Angola-1274.txt item: #28 of 678 id: Angola-1279 author: Angola title: Angola-1279 date: None words: 47 flesch: 0 summary: The President of the Republic may ask the Constitutional Court to conduct a prior review of the constitutionality of any rule contained in legislation that has been submitted for enactment, any international treaty submitted to him for ratification or any international agreement sent to him for signature. keywords: signature cache: Angola-1279.txt plain text: Angola-1279.txt item: #29 of 678 id: Angola-1284 author: Angola title: Angola-1284 date: None words: 30 flesch: 18 summary: Legislation for which a prior review of constitutionality has been requested from the Constitutional Court may not be enacted, signed or ratified before the Constitutional Court has delivered its ruling. keywords: court cache: Angola-1284.txt plain text: Angola-1284.txt item: #30 of 678 id: Angola-1285 author: Angola title: Angola-1285 date: None words: 40 flesch: 22 summary: If the Constitutional Court declares that any rule contained in a piece of legislation, treaty, convention or international agreement is unconstitutional, it must be vetoed by the President of the Republic and returned to the body which had approved it. keywords: court cache: Angola-1285.txt plain text: Angola-1285.txt item: #31 of 678 id: Angola-1286 author: Angola title: Angola-1286 date: None words: 38 flesch: 25 summary: In cases provided for under the previous point, the legislation, treaty, convention or international agreement may not be enacted, ratified or signed, as appropriate, unless the body that passed it expunges the rule that has been deemed unconstitutional. keywords: legislation cache: Angola-1286.txt plain text: Angola-1286.txt item: #32 of 678 id: Angola-1287 author: Angola title: Angola-1287 date: None words: 36 flesch: 10 summary: If the legislation, treaty, convention or international agreement is reformulated, the President of the Republic or the Members who had contested its constitutionality may request a prior review of the constitutionality of any of its rules. keywords: constitutionality cache: Angola-1287.txt plain text: Angola-1287.txt item: #33 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0101 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0101 date: None words: 11 flesch: 80 summary: 23A. The culture of tribes, minor races, ethnic sects and communities keywords: communities cache: Bangladesh-0101.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0101.txt item: #34 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0102 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0102 date: None words: 24 flesch: 62 summary: The State shall take steps to protect and develop the unique local culture and tradition of the tribes, minor races, ethnic sects and communities. keywords: communities cache: Bangladesh-0102.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0102.txt item: #35 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0105 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0105 date: None words: 8 flesch: 12 summary: Promotion of international peace, security and solidarity 25. keywords: solidarity cache: Bangladesh-0105.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0105.txt item: #36 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0106 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0106 date: None words: 53 flesch: 6 summary: The State shall base its international relations on the principles of respect for national sovereignty and equality, non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries, peaceful settlement of international disputes, and respect for international law and the principles enunciated in the United Nations Charter, and on the basis of those principles shall- keywords: principles cache: Bangladesh-0106.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0106.txt item: #37 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0107 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0107 date: None words: 18 flesch: 42 summary: strive for the renunciation of the use of force in international relations and for general and complete disarmament; keywords: disarmament cache: Bangladesh-0107.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0107.txt item: #38 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0108 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0108 date: None words: 29 flesch: 66 summary: uphold the right of every people freely to determine and build up its own social, economic and political system by ways and means of its own free choice; and keywords: choice cache: Bangladesh-0108.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0108.txt item: #39 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0109 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0109 date: None words: 15 flesch: 28 summary: support oppressed peoples throughout the world waging a just struggle against imperialism, colonialism or racialism. keywords: racialism cache: Bangladesh-0109.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0109.txt item: #40 of 678 id: Bangladesh-0206 author: Bangladesh title: Bangladesh-0206 date: None words: 101 flesch: -33 summary: Notwithstanding anything contained in this Constitution, no law nor any provision thereof providing for detention, prosecution or punishment of any person, who is a member of any armed or defence or auxiliary forces or any individual, group of individuals or organisation or who is a prisoner of war, for genocide, crimes against humanity or war crimes and other crimes under international law shall be deemed void or unlawful, or ever to have become void or unlawful, on the ground that such law or provision of any such law is inconsistent with, or repugnant to, any of the provisions of this Constitution. keywords: law cache: Bangladesh-0206.txt plain text: Bangladesh-0206.txt item: #41 of 678 id: Benin-0007 author: Benin title: Benin-0007 date: None words: 26 flesch: -21 summary: Reaffirm our fundamental opposition to any political regime founded on arbitrariness, dictatorship, injustice, corruption, misappropriation of public funds, regionalism, nepotism, confiscation of power, and personal power; keywords: power cache: Benin-0007.txt plain text: Benin-0007.txt item: #42 of 678 id: Benin-0008 author: Benin title: Benin-0008 date: None words: 39 flesch: 63 summary: Express our firm will to defend and safeguard our dignity in the eyes of the world and to find again the place and role as pioneer of democracy and of the defense of human rights which were formerly ours; keywords: firm cache: Benin-0008.txt plain text: Benin-0008.txt item: #43 of 678 id: Benin-0009 author: Benin title: Benin-0009 date: None words: 63 flesch: -4 summary: Solemnly affirm our determination by this present Constitution to create a State of law and pluralistic democracy in which the fundamental human rights, public liberties, the dignity of the human being, and justice shall be guaranteed, protected and promoted as the condition necessary for the genuine harmonious development of each Béninese in his temporal and cultural dimension as well as in his spiritual; keywords: liberties cache: Benin-0009.txt plain text: Benin-0009.txt item: #44 of 678 id: Benin-0010 author: Benin title: Benin-0010 date: None words: 85 flesch: -2 summary: Reaffirm our attachment to the principles of democracy and human rights as they have been defined by the Charter of the United Nations of 1945 and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, by the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights adopted in 1981 by the Organization of African Unity and ratified by Bénin on January 20, 1986 and whose provisions make up an integral part of this present Constitution and of Béninese law and have a value superior to the internal law; keywords: rights cache: Benin-0010.txt plain text: Benin-0010.txt item: #45 of 678 id: Benin-0011 author: Benin title: Benin-0011 date: None words: 43 flesch: 29 summary: Affirm our will to cooperate in peace and friendship with all peoples who share our ideals of liberty, of justice, of human solidarity based on the principles of equality, of reciprocal interest and of mutual respect for national sovereignty and for territorial integrity; keywords: integrity cache: Benin-0011.txt plain text: Benin-0011.txt item: #46 of 678 id: Benin-0012 author: Benin title: Benin-0012 date: None words: 25 flesch: 52 summary: Proclaim our attachment to the cause of African unity and pledge ourselves to leave no stone unturned in order to realize local and regional integration; keywords: integration cache: Benin-0012.txt plain text: Benin-0012.txt item: #47 of 678 id: Benin-0013 author: Benin title: Benin-0013 date: None words: 23 flesch: 62 summary: Solemnly adopt the present Constitution which shall be the Supreme Law of the State and to which we swear loyalty, fidelity and respect. keywords: respect cache: Benin-0013.txt plain text: Benin-0013.txt item: #48 of 678 id: Benin-0049 author: Benin title: Benin-0049 date: None words: 46 flesch: 35 summary: The rights and duties proclaimed and guaranteed by the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights adopted in 1981 by the Organization of African Unity and ratified by Bénin on January 20, 1986 shall be an integral part of the present Constitution and of Béninese law. keywords: rights cache: Benin-0049.txt plain text: Benin-0049.txt item: #49 of 678 id: Benin-0126 author: Benin title: Benin-0126 date: None words: 50 flesch: 25 summary: The State has the duty to assure the diffusion and the teaching of the Constitution, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights of 1981 as well as all of the international instruments duly ratified and relative to Human Rights. keywords: rights cache: Benin-0126.txt plain text: Benin-0126.txt item: #50 of 678 id: Benin-0339 author: Benin title: Benin-0339 date: None words: 10 flesch: 78 summary: Under the domain of the law are the rules concerning: keywords: rules cache: Benin-0339.txt plain text: Benin-0339.txt item: #51 of 678 id: Benin-0342 author: Benin title: Benin-0342 date: None words: 21 flesch: 32 summary: The procedure according to which customary laws shall be recorded and brought into harmony with the fundamental principles of the Constitution; keywords: constitution cache: Benin-0342.txt plain text: Benin-0342.txt item: #52 of 678 id: Benin-0539 author: Benin title: Benin-0539 date: None words: 49 flesch: 3 summary: If the Constitutional Court, upon a submission by the President of the Republic or by the President of the National Assembly, shall have decided that an international obligation allows a clause contrary to the Constitution, the authorization to ratify it may occur only after the revision of the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Benin-0539.txt plain text: Benin-0539.txt item: #53 of 678 id: Benin-0541 author: Benin title: Benin-0541 date: None words: 31 flesch: 36 summary: Treaties or agreements lawfully ratified shall have, upon their publication, an authority superior to that of laws, without prejudice for each agreement or treaty in its application by the other party. keywords: treaties cache: Benin-0541.txt plain text: Benin-0541.txt item: #54 of 678 id: Bolivia-0015 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0015 date: None words: 62 flesch: -10 summary: Given the pre-colonial existence of nations and rural native indigenous peoples and their ancestral control of their territories, their free determination, consisting of the right to autonomy, self-government, their culture, recognition of their institutions, and the consolidation of their territorial entities, is guaranteed within the framework of the unity of the State, in accordance with this Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-0015.txt plain text: Bolivia-0015.txt item: #55 of 678 id: Bolivia-0047 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0047 date: None words: 13 flesch: 69 summary: Democracy is exercised in the following forms, which shall be developed by law: keywords: democracy cache: Bolivia-0047.txt plain text: Bolivia-0047.txt item: #56 of 678 id: Bolivia-0050 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0050 date: None words: 34 flesch: 18 summary: Communal, by means of the election, designation or nomination of the authorities and representatives pursuant to the norms and procedures of the native indigenous nations and peoples, among others, in accordance with the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-0050.txt plain text: Bolivia-0050.txt item: #57 of 678 id: Bolivia-0061 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0061 date: None words: 51 flesch: 18 summary: International treaties and conventions ratified by the Pluri-National Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa), which recognize human rights and prohibit their limitation in States of Emergency, prevail over internal law. The rights and duties consecrated in this Constitution shall be interpreted in accordance with the International Human Rights Treaties ratified by Bolivia. keywords: rights cache: Bolivia-0061.txt plain text: Bolivia-0061.txt item: #58 of 678 id: Bolivia-0126 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0126 date: None words: 26 flesch: 24 summary: The direct election, designation and nomination of the representatives of the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples, in accordance with their own norms and procedures. keywords: procedures cache: Bolivia-0126.txt plain text: Bolivia-0126.txt item: #59 of 678 id: Bolivia-0142 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0142 date: None words: 26 flesch: 47 summary: In the framework of the unity of the State, and in accordance with this Constitution, the nations and rural native indigenous peoples enjoy the following rights: keywords: rights cache: Bolivia-0142.txt plain text: Bolivia-0142.txt item: #60 of 678 id: Bolivia-0144 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0144 date: None words: 15 flesch: 39 summary: To their cultural identity, religious belief, spiritualities, practices and customs, and their own world view. keywords: view cache: Bolivia-0144.txt plain text: Bolivia-0144.txt item: #61 of 678 id: Bolivia-0151 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0151 date: None words: 19 flesch: 36 summary: That their traditional teachings and knowledge, their traditional medicine, languages, rituals, symbols and dress be valued, respected and promoted. keywords: symbols cache: Bolivia-0151.txt plain text: Bolivia-0151.txt item: #62 of 678 id: Bolivia-0155 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0155 date: None words: 14 flesch: 65 summary: To universal and free health care that respects their world view and traditional practices. keywords: practices cache: Bolivia-0155.txt plain text: Bolivia-0155.txt item: #63 of 678 id: Bolivia-0159 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0159 date: None words: 30 flesch: 10 summary: To autonomous indigenous territorial management, and to the exclusive use and exploitation of renewable natural resources existing in their territory without prejudice to the legitimate rights acquired by third parties. keywords: parties cache: Bolivia-0159.txt plain text: Bolivia-0159.txt item: #64 of 678 id: Bolivia-0161 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0161 date: None words: 24 flesch: 45 summary: The State guarantees, respects and protects the rights of the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples consecrated in this Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-0161.txt plain text: Bolivia-0161.txt item: #65 of 678 id: Bolivia-0163 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0163 date: None words: 36 flesch: 31 summary: The nations and the rural native indigenous peoples that are in danger of extinction, in voluntary isolation and not in contact, shall be protected and respected with respect to their forms of individual and collective life. keywords: life cache: Bolivia-0163.txt plain text: Bolivia-0163.txt item: #66 of 678 id: Bolivia-0164 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0164 date: None words: 40 flesch: 26 summary: The nations and the rural native indigenous peoples that live in isolation and out of contact enjoy the right to maintain themselves in that condition, and to the legal definition and consolidation of the territory which they occupy and inhabit. keywords: nations cache: Bolivia-0164.txt plain text: Bolivia-0164.txt item: #67 of 678 id: Bolivia-0166 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0166 date: None words: 30 flesch: 26 summary: The Afro-Bolivian people enjoy, in everything corresponding, the economic, social, political and cultural rights that are recognized in the Constitution for the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples. keywords: peoples cache: Bolivia-0166.txt plain text: Bolivia-0166.txt item: #68 of 678 id: Bolivia-0176 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0176 date: None words: 18 flesch: 42 summary: The health system is unitary and includes traditional medicine of the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples. keywords: peoples cache: Bolivia-0176.txt plain text: Bolivia-0176.txt item: #69 of 678 id: Bolivia-0195 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0195 date: None words: 44 flesch: 23 summary: It is the responsibility of the State to promote and guarantee the respect for, and the use, research and practice of traditional medicine, rescuing ancestral knowledge and practices created from the thinking and values of all the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples. keywords: peoples cache: Bolivia-0195.txt plain text: Bolivia-0195.txt item: #70 of 678 id: Bolivia-0196 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0196 date: None words: 42 flesch: 9 summary: The promotion of traditional medicine shall include the registry of natural medicines and of their curative properties, as well as the protection of their knowledge as intellectual, historic, cultural property and as patrimony of the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples. keywords: peoples cache: Bolivia-0196.txt plain text: Bolivia-0196.txt item: #71 of 678 id: Bolivia-0197 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0197 date: None words: 16 flesch: 47 summary: The law shall regulate the practice of traditional medicine and shall guarantee the quality of service. keywords: service cache: Bolivia-0197.txt plain text: Bolivia-0197.txt item: #72 of 678 id: Bolivia-0353 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0353 date: None words: 49 flesch: 21 summary: Social participation, community participation, and the participation of the parents in the educational system are recognized and guaranteed by means of representative organizations at all levels of the State and in the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples. Their composition and attributes shall be established by the law. keywords: participation cache: Bolivia-0353.txt plain text: Bolivia-0353.txt item: #73 of 678 id: Bolivia-0359 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0359 date: None words: 68 flesch: 35 summary: Mutual respect and coexistence among persons of diverse religions shall be promoted, without dogmatic imposition. There shall be no discrimination on the basis of religious choice with respect to the acceptance and permanence of students in these centers. keywords: centers cache: Bolivia-0359.txt plain text: Bolivia-0359.txt item: #74 of 678 id: Bolivia-0373 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0373 date: None words: 42 flesch: 5 summary: Higher education develops processes of professional training for the generation and dissemination of knowledge aimed at the full development of society, for which purpose the universal and collective knowledge of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples shall be taken into account. keywords: knowledge cache: Bolivia-0373.txt plain text: Bolivia-0373.txt item: #75 of 678 id: Bolivia-0384 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0384 date: None words: 32 flesch: 15 summary: The public universities, within the framework of their statutes, shall establish decentralized academic and inter-cultural programs pursuant to the necessities of the State and the nations and rural native indigenous peoples. keywords: peoples cache: Bolivia-0384.txt plain text: Bolivia-0384.txt item: #76 of 678 id: Bolivia-0403 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0403 date: None words: 23 flesch: 36 summary: The State takes strength from the existence of rural native indigenous cultures, which are custodians of knowledge, wisdom, values, spiritualities and world views. keywords: views cache: Bolivia-0403.txt plain text: Bolivia-0403.txt item: #77 of 678 id: Bolivia-0410 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0410 date: None words: 35 flesch: 44 summary: The world views, myths, oral history, dances, cultural practices, knowledge and traditional technologies are patrimony of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples. This patrimony forms part of the expression and identity of the State. keywords: patrimony cache: Bolivia-0410.txt plain text: Bolivia-0410.txt item: #78 of 678 id: Bolivia-0411 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0411 date: None words: 36 flesch: 22 summary: The State shall protect this wisdom and knowledge through the registration of the intellectual property that safeguards the intangible rights of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples and of the intercultural and Afro-Bolivian communities. keywords: communities cache: Bolivia-0411.txt plain text: Bolivia-0411.txt item: #79 of 678 id: Bolivia-0490 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0490 date: None words: 32 flesch: 31 summary: During the legal process, the parties in conflict enjoy equal opportunities to exercise the faculties and rights that may help them, whether in an ordinary process or by rural native indigenous process. keywords: process cache: Bolivia-0490.txt plain text: Bolivia-0490.txt item: #80 of 678 id: Bolivia-0807 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0807 date: None words: 60 flesch: 30 summary: Ordinary jurisdiction is exercised by the Supreme Court of Justice, the departmental courts of justice, the sentencing courts and the judges; the agro-environmental jurisdiction is exercised by the Agro-Environmental Court and judges; and the rural native indigenous jurisdiction is exercised by their own authorities. There shall be specialized jurisdictions regulated by the law. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-0807.txt plain text: Bolivia-0807.txt item: #81 of 678 id: Bolivia-0808 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0808 date: None words: 10 flesch: -6 summary: Ordinary jurisdiction and rural native indigenous jurisdiction enjoy equal status. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-0808.txt plain text: Bolivia-0808.txt item: #82 of 678 id: Bolivia-0858 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0858 date: None words: 28 flesch: 18 summary: The nations and native indigenous rural peoples shall exercise their jurisdictional functions and competency through their authorities, and shall apply their own principles, cultural values, norms and procedures. keywords: procedures cache: Bolivia-0858.txt plain text: Bolivia-0858.txt item: #83 of 678 id: Bolivia-0859 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0859 date: None words: 23 flesch: 32 summary: The rural native indigenous jurisdiction respects the right to life, the right to defense and other rights and guarantees established in this Constitution. keywords: right cache: Bolivia-0859.txt plain text: Bolivia-0859.txt item: #84 of 678 id: Bolivia-0861 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0861 date: None words: 26 flesch: 24 summary: The rural native indigenous jurisdiction is based on the specific connection between the persons who are members of the respective nation or rural native indigenous people. keywords: people cache: Bolivia-0861.txt plain text: Bolivia-0861.txt item: #85 of 678 id: Bolivia-0862 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0862 date: None words: 18 flesch: 0 summary: The rural native indigenous jurisdiction is exercised in the following areas of personal, material and territorial legal effect: keywords: effect cache: Bolivia-0862.txt plain text: Bolivia-0862.txt item: #86 of 678 id: Bolivia-0863 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0863 date: None words: 38 flesch: 32 summary: Members of the nation or rural native indigenous people are subject to this jurisdiction whether they act as plaintiffs or defendants, claimants or accusers, whether they are persons who are denounced or accused, or are appellants or respondents. keywords: respondents cache: Bolivia-0863.txt plain text: Bolivia-0863.txt item: #87 of 678 id: Bolivia-0864 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0864 date: None words: 17 flesch: 5 summary: This jurisdiction hears rural native indigenous matters pursuant to that established in a law of Jurisdictional Demarcation. keywords: demarcation cache: Bolivia-0864.txt plain text: Bolivia-0864.txt item: #88 of 678 id: Bolivia-0865 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0865 date: None words: 29 flesch: 34 summary: This jurisdiction applies to the relations and juridical acts that are carried out, or the effects of which are produced, within the jurisdiction of a rural native indigenous people. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-0865.txt plain text: Bolivia-0865.txt item: #89 of 678 id: Bolivia-0867 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0867 date: None words: 15 flesch: 33 summary: Each public authority or person shall obey the decisions of the rural native indigenous jurisdiction. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-0867.txt plain text: Bolivia-0867.txt item: #90 of 678 id: Bolivia-0868 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0868 date: None words: 25 flesch: 29 summary: To secure compliance with the decisions of the rural native indigenous jurisdiction, its authorities may request the support of the competent bodies of the State. keywords: state cache: Bolivia-0868.txt plain text: Bolivia-0868.txt item: #91 of 678 id: Bolivia-0869 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0869 date: None words: 41 flesch: -5 summary: The law of Jurisdictional Demarcation shall determine the mechanisms of coordination and cooperation between rural native indigenous jurisdiction and ordinary jurisdiction and agro-environmental jurisdiction and all the recognized constitutional jurisdictions. The State shall promote and strengthen rural native indigenous justice. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-0869.txt plain text: Bolivia-0869.txt item: #92 of 678 id: Bolivia-0907 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0907 date: None words: 22 flesch: 49 summary: In addition to those established by law, the powers of the Pluri-National Constitutional Court, are to hear and resolve the following: keywords: following cache: Bolivia-0907.txt plain text: Bolivia-0907.txt item: #93 of 678 id: Bolivia-0908 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0908 date: None words: 61 flesch: 21 summary: As the court of jurisdiction in the matters of pure law concerning the unconstitutionality of laws, Autonomous Statutes, Constitutional Charters, decrees and every type of ordinance and non-judicial resolution. If the case is of abstract character, only the President of the Republic, Senators, Deputies, Legislators and the maximum authorities of the autonomous territorial entities may present it to the court. keywords: court cache: Bolivia-0908.txt plain text: Bolivia-0908.txt item: #94 of 678 id: Bolivia-0915 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0915 date: None words: 32 flesch: 31 summary: The legal consultations of the rural native indigenous authorities on the application of their juridical norms as applied in a concrete case. Compliance with the decision of the Constitutional Court is obligatory. keywords: case cache: Bolivia-0915.txt plain text: Bolivia-0915.txt item: #95 of 678 id: Bolivia-0916 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0916 date: None words: 12 flesch: -2 summary: The review of the constitutionality of international treaties prior to their ratification. keywords: ratification cache: Bolivia-0916.txt plain text: Bolivia-0916.txt item: #96 of 678 id: Bolivia-0918 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0918 date: None words: 16 flesch: 0 summary: The conflicts of authority between the rural native indigenous jurisdiction and ordinary and agro-environmental jurisdiction. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-0918.txt plain text: Bolivia-0918.txt item: #97 of 678 id: Bolivia-0950 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0950 date: None words: 23 flesch: 10 summary: The organization and functioning of the organizations of the nations, rural native indigenous peoples, and citizen associations and political parties must be democratic. keywords: functioning cache: Bolivia-0950.txt plain text: Bolivia-0950.txt item: #98 of 678 id: Bolivia-0952 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0952 date: None words: 18 flesch: 33 summary: The nations and rural native indigenous peoples may elect their candidates according to their own democratic communitarian norms. keywords: norms cache: Bolivia-0952.txt plain text: Bolivia-0952.txt item: #99 of 678 id: Bolivia-0954 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0954 date: None words: 22 flesch: 34 summary: The nations and rural native indigenous peoples may elect their political representatives whenever required, in accordance with their own forms of election. keywords: election cache: Bolivia-0954.txt plain text: Bolivia-0954.txt item: #100 of 678 id: Bolivia-0955 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0955 date: None words: 40 flesch: 28 summary: The Electoral Organ shall assure that the norms of those peoples and nations will be complied with strictly in the elections of authorities, representatives and candidates of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples, using their own norms and procedures. keywords: norms cache: Bolivia-0955.txt plain text: Bolivia-0955.txt item: #101 of 678 id: Bolivia-0977 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-0977 date: None words: 30 flesch: 38 summary: The Public Defender shall also promote the defense of the rights of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples, of urban and intercultural communities, and of Bolivians who are abroad. keywords: defender cache: Bolivia-0977.txt plain text: Bolivia-0977.txt item: #102 of 678 id: Bolivia-1135 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1135 date: None words: 15 flesch: 22 summary: The negotiation, signing and ratification of international relations shall be guided by the principles of: keywords: negotiation cache: Bolivia-1135.txt plain text: Bolivia-1135.txt item: #103 of 678 id: Bolivia-1139 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1139 date: None words: 9 flesch: 56 summary: Respect for the rights of native indigenous rural peoples. keywords: respect cache: Bolivia-1139.txt plain text: Bolivia-1139.txt item: #104 of 678 id: Bolivia-1148 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1148 date: None words: 45 flesch: 23 summary: The international treaties and instruments in matters of human rights that have been signed and/or ratified, or those that have been joined by the State, which declare rights more favorable than those contained in the Constitution, shall have preferential application over those in this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Bolivia-1148.txt plain text: Bolivia-1148.txt item: #105 of 678 id: Bolivia-1149 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1149 date: None words: 23 flesch: 36 summary: The rights recognized in the Constitution shall be interpreted in agreement with international human rights treaties when the latter provide more favorable norms. keywords: rights cache: Bolivia-1149.txt plain text: Bolivia-1149.txt item: #106 of 678 id: Bolivia-1151 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1151 date: None words: 13 flesch: 50 summary: Ratified international treaties are part of domestic law with the force of law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1151.txt plain text: Bolivia-1151.txt item: #107 of 678 id: Bolivia-1163 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1163 date: None words: 35 flesch: 4 summary: The repudiation of the international treaties shall follow the procedures established in the same international treaty, the general norms of international law, and the procedures established in the Constitution and the law for its ratification. keywords: procedures cache: Bolivia-1163.txt plain text: Bolivia-1163.txt item: #108 of 678 id: Bolivia-1194 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1194 date: None words: 13 flesch: -27 summary: Bolivia is organized territorially into departments, provinces, municipalities and rural native indigenous territories. keywords: bolivia cache: Bolivia-1194.txt plain text: Bolivia-1194.txt item: #109 of 678 id: Bolivia-1198 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1198 date: None words: 62 flesch: -47 summary: The principles that govern territorial organization and the decentralized and autonomous territorial entities are: unity, voluntariness, solidarity, equity, the common good, self government, equality, complementariness, reciprocity, gender equity, subsidiarity, gradualness, coordination and institutional faithfulness, transparency, public participation and control, provision of economic resources and the pre-existence of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples, under the terms established in this Constitution. keywords: equity cache: Bolivia-1198.txt plain text: Bolivia-1198.txt item: #110 of 678 id: Bolivia-1205 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1205 date: None words: 24 flesch: 13 summary: The law shall regulate the formation of the communities among municipalities, regions and rural native indigenous territories for the purpose of achieving their objectives. keywords: objectives cache: Bolivia-1205.txt plain text: Bolivia-1205.txt item: #111 of 678 id: Bolivia-1216 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1216 date: None words: 37 flesch: 27 summary: The Departmental Assembly shall be composed of members elected by universal, direct, free, secret and obligatory vote; and by members elected by the nations and rural native indigenous peoples, in accordance with their own norms and procedures. keywords: members cache: Bolivia-1216.txt plain text: Bolivia-1216.txt item: #112 of 678 id: Bolivia-1217 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1217 date: None words: 58 flesch: 11 summary: The law shall determine the general criteria for the election of members of the departmental assemblies, taking into account population, territorial, cultural identity and linguistic representation when there are rural native indigenous minorities, and parity and alternation of gender. The Statutes of Autonomy shall define its application in accordance with the specific reality and conditions of its jurisdiction. keywords: gender cache: Bolivia-1217.txt plain text: Bolivia-1217.txt item: #113 of 678 id: Bolivia-1235 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1235 date: None words: 43 flesch: 3 summary: The nations or rural native indigenous peoples in the municipalities, which do not constitute a rural native indigenous autonomy, may elect their representatives to the Municipal Council directly, pursuant to their own norms and procedures and in accordance with the Organic Municipal Charter. keywords: charter cache: Bolivia-1235.txt plain text: Bolivia-1235.txt item: #114 of 678 id: Bolivia-1236 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1236 date: None words: 36 flesch: 28 summary: The Organic Municipal Charter shall define its application, according to the specific reality and conditions of its jurisdiction. The law shall determine the general criterion for the election and determine the number of municipal council members. keywords: members cache: Bolivia-1236.txt plain text: Bolivia-1236.txt item: #115 of 678 id: Bolivia-1237 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1237 date: None words: 21 flesch: 48 summary: The Municipal Council may draft the proposed Organic Charter, which shall be approved according to that set forth in this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Bolivia-1237.txt plain text: Bolivia-1237.txt item: #116 of 678 id: Bolivia-1258 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1258 date: None words: 42 flesch: -4 summary: Rural native indigenous autonomy consists in self-government as an exercise of free determination of the nations and rural native indigenous peoples, the population of which shares territory, culture, history, languages, and their own juridical, political, social and economic organization or institutions. keywords: institutions cache: Bolivia-1258.txt plain text: Bolivia-1258.txt item: #117 of 678 id: Bolivia-1260 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1260 date: None words: 39 flesch: 19 summary: The formation of rural native indigenous autonomy is based on ancestral territories, currently inhabited by those peoples and nations, and pursuant to the will of their population as expressed through consultation, in accordance with the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1260.txt plain text: Bolivia-1260.txt item: #118 of 678 id: Bolivia-1261 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1261 date: None words: 35 flesch: 14 summary: The self-governance of the rural native indigenous autonomies is exercised according to their norms, institutions, authorities and procedures, in accordance with their authority and competences, and in harmony with the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1261.txt plain text: Bolivia-1261.txt item: #119 of 678 id: Bolivia-1263 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1263 date: None words: 29 flesch: 2 summary: The rural native indigenous autonomies are rural native indigenous territories and the municipalities and regions that adopt that character, pursuant to that established in the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1263.txt plain text: Bolivia-1263.txt item: #120 of 678 id: Bolivia-1264 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1264 date: None words: 15 flesch: 50 summary: Two or more rural native indigenous peoples can form a single rural native indigenous autonomy. keywords: autonomy cache: Bolivia-1264.txt plain text: Bolivia-1264.txt item: #121 of 678 id: Bolivia-1266 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1266 date: None words: 25 flesch: 46 summary: Each rural, native, or indigenous autonomy shall draft its Statute according to its own norms and procedures, in conformity with the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1266.txt plain text: Bolivia-1266.txt item: #122 of 678 id: Bolivia-1268 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1268 date: None words: 40 flesch: 11 summary: The indigenous autonomy, based on consolidated indigenous territories and those undergoing that process and once consolidated, shall be formed by the express will of the population through consultation, as the only necessary requisite, pursuant to their own norms and procedures. keywords: procedures cache: Bolivia-1268.txt plain text: Bolivia-1268.txt item: #123 of 678 id: Bolivia-1270 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1270 date: None words: 19 flesch: 4 summary: Statute shall establish the minimum population requirements and other modalities for the constitution of an indigenous peasant farmer autonomy. keywords: statute cache: Bolivia-1270.txt plain text: Bolivia-1270.txt item: #124 of 678 id: Bolivia-1271 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1271 date: None words: 30 flesch: -12 summary: To constitute an indigenous originary peasant autonomy extending to territories in one or more municipalities, statute shall determine the articulation, coordination and cooperation mechanisms for the exercise of its government. keywords: government cache: Bolivia-1271.txt plain text: Bolivia-1271.txt item: #125 of 678 id: Bolivia-1273 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1273 date: None words: 33 flesch: 24 summary: The decision to form a rural native indigenous autonomy shall be adopted pursuant to the norms and procedures for consultations, according to the requisites and conditions established in the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1273.txt plain text: Bolivia-1273.txt item: #126 of 678 id: Bolivia-1274 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1274 date: None words: 26 flesch: 14 summary: The decision to convert a municipality into a rural native indigenous autonomy shall be adopted by referendum, pursuant to the requisites and conditions established by law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1274.txt plain text: Bolivia-1274.txt item: #127 of 678 id: Bolivia-1280 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1280 date: None words: 42 flesch: 27 summary: The government of the rural native indigenous autonomies is exercised through their own norms and forms of organization, with the name that corresponds to each town, nation or community, as established in their statutes and subject to the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1280.txt plain text: Bolivia-1280.txt item: #128 of 678 id: Bolivia-1421 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1421 date: None words: 14 flesch: 11 summary: The following are the exclusive authority of the autonomous municipal governments, within their jurisdiction: keywords: jurisdiction cache: Bolivia-1421.txt plain text: Bolivia-1421.txt item: #129 of 678 id: Bolivia-1428 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1428 date: None words: 18 flesch: 28 summary: To plan, design, construct, conserve and administer roads in coordination with the rural native indigenous villages when necessary. keywords: design cache: Bolivia-1428.txt plain text: Bolivia-1428.txt item: #130 of 678 id: Bolivia-1459 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1459 date: None words: 11 flesch: 3 summary: Systems of micro-irrigation in coordination with rural native indigenous villages. keywords: systems cache: Bolivia-1459.txt plain text: Bolivia-1459.txt item: #131 of 678 id: Bolivia-1462 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1462 date: None words: 13 flesch: 17 summary: Grains and sharecroppers, in coordination with the rural native indigenous villages, when appropriate. keywords: grains cache: Bolivia-1462.txt plain text: Bolivia-1462.txt item: #132 of 678 id: Bolivia-1467 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1467 date: None words: 42 flesch: -11 summary: The rural native indigenous villages, in addition to their authority, shall assume that of municipalities, in accordance with a process of institutional development and with their own cultural characteristics in conformity with the Constitution and the Framework Law of Autonomies and Decentralization. keywords: decentralization cache: Bolivia-1467.txt plain text: Bolivia-1467.txt item: #133 of 678 id: Bolivia-1468 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1468 date: None words: 17 flesch: 45 summary: The rural native indigenous region shall assume the authority that may be transferred or delegated to it. keywords: region cache: Bolivia-1468.txt plain text: Bolivia-1468.txt item: #134 of 678 id: Bolivia-1470 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1470 date: None words: 11 flesch: -11 summary: The rural native indigenous autonomies shall exercise the following exclusive authorities: keywords: authorities cache: Bolivia-1470.txt plain text: Bolivia-1470.txt item: #135 of 678 id: Bolivia-1471 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1471 date: None words: 17 flesch: 55 summary: To elaborate their Statute for the exercise of their autonomy pursuant to the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1471.txt plain text: Bolivia-1471.txt item: #136 of 678 id: Bolivia-1472 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1472 date: None words: 26 flesch: 21 summary: Definition and management of their own forms of economic, social, political, organizational and cultural development, in accord with their identity and the vision of each village. keywords: definition cache: Bolivia-1472.txt plain text: Bolivia-1472.txt item: #137 of 678 id: Bolivia-1473 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1473 date: None words: 12 flesch: 4 summary: Management and administration of renewable natural resources, in accord with the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Bolivia-1473.txt plain text: Bolivia-1473.txt item: #138 of 678 id: Bolivia-1474 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1474 date: None words: 22 flesch: 38 summary: Elaboration of Plans of Land Regulation and land use, in coordination with the plans at the central State, departmental and municipal levels. keywords: land cache: Bolivia-1474.txt plain text: Bolivia-1474.txt item: #139 of 678 id: Bolivia-1475 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1475 date: None words: 7 flesch: 18 summary: Electrification in isolated places in their jurisdiction. keywords: electrification cache: Bolivia-1475.txt plain text: Bolivia-1475.txt item: #140 of 678 id: Bolivia-1476 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1476 date: None words: 8 flesch: 18 summary: Maintenance and administration of local and communal roads. keywords: maintenance cache: Bolivia-1476.txt plain text: Bolivia-1476.txt item: #141 of 678 id: Bolivia-1477 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1477 date: None words: 18 flesch: 33 summary: Administration and preservation of protected areas within their jurisdiction, within the framework of the policy of the State. keywords: state cache: Bolivia-1477.txt plain text: Bolivia-1477.txt item: #142 of 678 id: Bolivia-1478 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1478 date: None words: 30 flesch: 24 summary: Exercise of rural native indigenous jurisdiction for the application of justice and the resolution of conflict through their own norms and procedures in accordance with the Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1478.txt plain text: Bolivia-1478.txt item: #143 of 678 id: Bolivia-1494 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1494 date: None words: 11 flesch: 18 summary: The rural native indigenous villages can exercise the following shared authority: keywords: authority cache: Bolivia-1494.txt plain text: Bolivia-1494.txt item: #144 of 678 id: Bolivia-1497 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1497 date: None words: 24 flesch: 20 summary: The safeguard and registration of collective intellectual property related to knowledge of genetic resources, traditional medicine and germ plasma, in accordance with the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1497.txt plain text: Bolivia-1497.txt item: #145 of 678 id: Bolivia-1672 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1672 date: None words: 37 flesch: 13 summary: The departmental and municipal resources, and those of the rural native indigenous autonomies, and the judicial and university resources, which are collected by dependent offices at the national level, shall not be centralized in the National Treasury. keywords: resources cache: Bolivia-1672.txt plain text: Bolivia-1672.txt item: #146 of 678 id: Bolivia-1719 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1719 date: None words: 86 flesch: 37 summary: The exploitation of natural resources in a determined territory shall be subject to a process of consultation with the affected population, called by the State, which shall be free, prior in time and informed. In the nations and rural native indigenous peoples, the consultation will be carried out with respect given to their own norms and procedures. keywords: process cache: Bolivia-1719.txt plain text: Bolivia-1719.txt item: #147 of 678 id: Bolivia-1786 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1786 date: None words: 33 flesch: 16 summary: The State shall recognize, respect and protect the uses and customs of the community, of its local authorities and the rural native indigenous organizations over the right, management and administration of sustainable water. keywords: water cache: Bolivia-1786.txt plain text: Bolivia-1786.txt item: #148 of 678 id: Bolivia-1790 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1790 date: None words: 31 flesch: 25 summary: The State shall regulate the management and sustainable administration of the water resources and the basins for irrigation, food security and basic services, respecting the uses and customs of the communities. keywords: communities cache: Bolivia-1790.txt plain text: Bolivia-1790.txt item: #149 of 678 id: Bolivia-1822 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1822 date: None words: 37 flesch: 20 summary: Wherever rural native indigenous protected areas and territories are recovered, shared management shall be undertaken, subject to the norms and procedures of the rural native indigenous nations and peoples, and respecting the goal of creating these areas. keywords: areas cache: Bolivia-1822.txt plain text: Bolivia-1822.txt item: #150 of 678 id: Bolivia-1830 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1830 date: None words: 25 flesch: 35 summary: The rural native indigenous communities located within forest areas shall have the exclusive right to their exploitation and their management, in accordance with the law. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1830.txt plain text: Bolivia-1830.txt item: #151 of 678 id: Bolivia-1842 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1842 date: None words: 35 flesch: 21 summary: The State, in coordination with the rural native indigenous authorities and the inhabitants of the Amazonia, shall create a special, decentralized organ, with headquarters in the Amazonia, to promote its own activities in the region. keywords: amazonia cache: Bolivia-1842.txt plain text: Bolivia-1842.txt item: #152 of 678 id: Bolivia-1844 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1844 date: None words: 38 flesch: -18 summary: The State shall implement special policies to benefit the rural native indigenous nations and peoples of the region in order to generate the necessary conditions for the reactivation, encouragement, industrialization, commercialization, protection and conservation of traditional extract products. keywords: products cache: Bolivia-1844.txt plain text: Bolivia-1844.txt item: #153 of 678 id: Bolivia-1850 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1850 date: None words: 54 flesch: 24 summary: Legally acquired rights by individual owners, whose piece of land is inside rural native indigenous territories, are guaranteed. Its maximum and minimum dimensions, characteristics and forms of conversion shall be regulated by law. keywords: criteria cache: Bolivia-1850.txt plain text: Bolivia-1850.txt item: #154 of 678 id: Bolivia-1852 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1852 date: None words: 66 flesch: 8 summary: The State recognizes, protects and guarantees communitarian or collective property, which includes rural native indigenous territory, native, intercultural communities and rural communities. Collective property is indivisible, may not be subject to prescription or attachment, is inalienable and irreversible, and it is not subject to agrarian property taxes. keywords: communities cache: Bolivia-1852.txt plain text: Bolivia-1852.txt item: #155 of 678 id: Bolivia-1862 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1862 date: None words: 58 flesch: 35 summary: Social purpose shall be understood to mean the sustainable exploitation of the land by peoples and rural native indigenous communities, as well as that carried out in small properties, and it constitutes the source of subsistence and welfare and socio-cultural development of its owners. The norms of the communities are recognized in the fulfillment of social purpose. keywords: purpose cache: Bolivia-1862.txt plain text: Bolivia-1862.txt item: #156 of 678 id: Bolivia-1879 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1879 date: None words: 98 flesch: 0 summary: The integrity of rural native indigenous territory is recognized, which includes the right to land, to the use and exclusive exploitation of the renewable natural resources under conditions determined by law, to prior and informed consultation, to participation in the benefits of the exploitation of the non-renewable natural resources that are found in their territory, to the authority to apply their own norms, administered by their structures of representation, and to define their development pursuant to their own cultural criteria and principles of harmonious coexistence with nature. The rural native indigenous territories may be composed of communities. keywords: exploitation cache: Bolivia-1879.txt plain text: Bolivia-1879.txt item: #157 of 678 id: Bolivia-1880 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1880 date: None words: 36 flesch: 24 summary: The rural native indigenous territory includes areas of production, areas of exploitation and conservation of natural resources, and spaces for social, spiritual and cultural reproduction. The law shall establish the procedure for recognition of these rights. keywords: areas cache: Bolivia-1880.txt plain text: Bolivia-1880.txt item: #158 of 678 id: Bolivia-1889 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1889 date: None words: 16 flesch: 42 summary: The importance and respect of the rural native indigenous communities in all dimensions of their life. keywords: life cache: Bolivia-1889.txt plain text: Bolivia-1889.txt item: #159 of 678 id: Bolivia-1917 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1917 date: None words: 69 flesch: 32 summary: The components of constitutional law include the international Treaties and Conventions in the matter of human rights and the norms of Communitarian Law, which have been ratified by the country. The Constitution is the supreme norm of Bolivian law and enjoys supremacy before any other normative disposition. keywords: law cache: Bolivia-1917.txt plain text: Bolivia-1917.txt item: #160 of 678 id: Bolivia-1919 author: Bolivia title: Bolivia-1919 date: None words: 2 flesch: -91 summary: International treaties keywords: treaties cache: Bolivia-1919.txt plain text: Bolivia-1919.txt item: #161 of 678 id: Chad-0012 author: Chad title: Chad-0012 date: None words: 55 flesch: 14 summary: Affirm by this Constitution our will to live together with respect for ethnic, religious, regional and cultural diversity, to build a State of law and one united Nation founded on public freedoms and the fundamental rights of Man, the dignity of the human person and political pluralism, on the African values of solidarity and fraternity; keywords: fraternity cache: Chad-0012.txt plain text: Chad-0012.txt item: #162 of 678 id: Chad-0016 author: Chad title: Chad-0016 date: None words: 46 flesch: 53 summary: Reaffirm our commitment to the principles of the Rights of Man as defined by the Charter of the United Nations of 1945, the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man of 1948 and the African Charter of the Rights of Man and of Peoples of 1981; keywords: rights cache: Chad-0016.txt plain text: Chad-0016.txt item: #163 of 678 id: Chad-0090 author: Chad title: Chad-0090 date: None words: 10 flesch: -31 summary: Customary and traditional rules concerning collective criminal responsibility are prohibited. keywords: responsibility cache: Chad-0090.txt plain text: Chad-0090.txt item: #164 of 678 id: Chad-0281 author: Chad title: Chad-0281 date: None words: 70 flesch: -8 summary: The President of the Republic, during the sessions or on proposal from the National Assembly published in the Official Gazette, and after the opinion of the Supreme Court, can submit to referendum any bill of law concerning organization of the public powers, including the approval of an agreement of union or the ratification of a treaty which, without being contrary to the Constitution, would affect the functioning of the Institutions. keywords: institutions cache: Chad-0281.txt plain text: Chad-0281.txt item: #165 of 678 id: Chad-0419 author: Chad title: Chad-0419 date: None words: 6 flesch: 59 summary: The law establishes the rules concerning: keywords: rules cache: Chad-0419.txt plain text: Chad-0419.txt item: #166 of 678 id: Chad-0436 author: Chad title: Chad-0436 date: None words: 16 flesch: 42 summary: the procedure according to which customs are declared and harmonized with the principles of the Constitution; keywords: constitution cache: Chad-0436.txt plain text: Chad-0436.txt item: #167 of 678 id: Chad-0613 author: Chad title: Chad-0613 date: None words: 18 flesch: 28 summary: Until their codification, the customary and traditional rules are only applicable in the communities where they are recognized. keywords: codification cache: Chad-0613.txt plain text: Chad-0613.txt item: #168 of 678 id: Chad-0614 author: Chad title: Chad-0614 date: None words: 16 flesch: 47 summary: However, customs contrary to the public order or those that promote inequality between citizens are prohibited. keywords: customs cache: Chad-0614.txt plain text: Chad-0614.txt item: #169 of 678 id: Chad-0616 author: Chad title: Chad-0616 date: None words: 22 flesch: 26 summary: The customary and traditional rules governing the matrimonial regimes and inheritance may only be applicable with the consent of the concerned parties. keywords: parties cache: Chad-0616.txt plain text: Chad-0616.txt item: #170 of 678 id: Chad-0617 author: Chad title: Chad-0617 date: None words: 10 flesch: 61 summary: In default of consent, the national law alone is applicable. keywords: default cache: Chad-0617.txt plain text: Chad-0617.txt item: #171 of 678 id: Chad-0618 author: Chad title: Chad-0618 date: None words: 15 flesch: 90 summary: It is the same in case of conflict between two [2] or more customary rules. keywords: rules cache: Chad-0618.txt plain text: Chad-0618.txt item: #172 of 678 id: Chad-0620 author: Chad title: Chad-0620 date: None words: 14 flesch: 53 summary: The customary and traditional remedies may not be made an obstacle to public action. keywords: action cache: Chad-0620.txt plain text: Chad-0620.txt item: #173 of 678 id: Chad-0623 author: Chad title: Chad-0623 date: None words: 17 flesch: 30 summary: A consultative organ called the High Council of the Autonomous Collectivities and of Traditional Leadership is instituted. keywords: organ cache: Chad-0623.txt plain text: Chad-0623.txt item: #174 of 678 id: Chad-0625 author: Chad title: Chad-0625 date: None words: 15 flesch: 33 summary: The High Council of the Autonomous Collectivities and of Traditional Leadership is a consultative assembly. keywords: assembly cache: Chad-0625.txt plain text: Chad-0625.txt item: #175 of 678 id: Chad-0626 author: Chad title: Chad-0626 date: None words: 29 flesch: 14 summary: It gives its substantiated opinion on the policy of decentralization, on territorial planning, and on questions relative to traditional Leadership. It participates in the non-jurisdictional settlement of disputes. keywords: leadership cache: Chad-0626.txt plain text: Chad-0626.txt item: #176 of 678 id: Chad-0645 author: Chad title: Chad-0645 date: None words: 12 flesch: 74 summary: The National Commission of the Rights of Man has for its mission: keywords: mission cache: Chad-0645.txt plain text: Chad-0645.txt item: #177 of 678 id: Chad-0646 author: Chad title: Chad-0646 date: None words: 30 flesch: 46 summary: to formulate opinions for the Government on the questions relative to the Rights of Man and including the condition of women, the rights of the child and of the handicapped; keywords: rights cache: Chad-0646.txt plain text: Chad-0646.txt item: #178 of 678 id: Chad-0647 author: Chad title: Chad-0647 date: None words: 37 flesch: 29 summary: to assist the Government and the other national and international institutions concerning all questions relative to the Rights of Man in Chad in conformity with the Charter of the Rights of Man and of the Fundamental Freedoms; keywords: rights cache: Chad-0647.txt plain text: Chad-0647.txt item: #179 of 678 id: Chad-0822 author: Chad title: Chad-0822 date: None words: 12 flesch: 32 summary: The traditional and customary authorities are the guarantors of use and custom. keywords: custom cache: Chad-0822.txt plain text: Chad-0822.txt item: #180 of 678 id: Chad-0824 author: Chad title: Chad-0824 date: None words: 9 flesch: -18 summary: The Traditional and Customary Authorities participate in particular in: keywords: authorities cache: Chad-0824.txt plain text: Chad-0824.txt item: #181 of 678 id: Chad-0825 author: Chad title: Chad-0825 date: None words: 6 flesch: 87 summary: The valuing of use and customs; keywords: customs cache: Chad-0825.txt plain text: Chad-0825.txt item: #182 of 678 id: Chad-0826 author: Chad title: Chad-0826 date: None words: 13 flesch: 56 summary: The promotion of the ideas of peace, of development and of social cohesion; keywords: cohesion cache: Chad-0826.txt plain text: Chad-0826.txt item: #183 of 678 id: Chad-0827 author: Chad title: Chad-0827 date: None words: 10 flesch: -14 summary: The non-jurisdictional regulation of disputes within their territorial jurisdiction. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Chad-0827.txt plain text: Chad-0827.txt item: #184 of 678 id: Chad-0843 author: Chad title: Chad-0843 date: None words: 46 flesch: 3 summary: If the Supreme Court, referred to the matter by the President of the Republic or by the President of the National Assembly, has declared that an international engagement contains a clause contrary to the Constitution, the authorization of ratification may only take effect after Constitutional revision. keywords: president cache: Chad-0843.txt plain text: Chad-0843.txt item: #185 of 678 id: Chad-0845 author: Chad title: Chad-0845 date: None words: 33 flesch: 29 summary: The Treaties or Agreements regularly ratified have, on their publication, an authority superior to that of the national laws, under reserve for each Agreement or Treaty of its application by the other party. keywords: party cache: Chad-0845.txt plain text: Chad-0845.txt item: #186 of 678 id: Colombia-0326 author: Colombia title: Colombia-0326 date: None words: 22 flesch: 15 summary: International treaties and agreements ratified by Congress that recognize human rights and prohibit their limitation in states of emergency have domestic priority. keywords: priority cache: Colombia-0326.txt plain text: Colombia-0326.txt item: #187 of 678 id: Colombia-0327 author: Colombia title: Colombia-0327 date: None words: 22 flesch: 42 summary: The rights and duties mentioned in this Charter shall be interpreted in accordance with international treaties on human rights ratified by Colombia. keywords: rights cache: Colombia-0327.txt plain text: Colombia-0327.txt item: #188 of 678 id: Colombia-0328 author: Colombia title: Colombia-0328 date: None words: 44 flesch: 10 summary: The Colombian State may recognize the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court in terms of the Rome Statute adopted on July 17, 1998 by the United Nations Plenipotentiary’s Conference and, consequently, ratify said treaty in accordance with the procedure established by this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Colombia-0328.txt plain text: Colombia-0328.txt item: #189 of 678 id: Colombia-0329 author: Colombia title: Colombia-0329 date: None words: 34 flesch: 30 summary: The admission of a different treatment on substantial matters by the Rome Statute with respect to the guarantees contained in this Constitution shall produce effects only within the scope of application of the latter. keywords: admission cache: Colombia-0329.txt plain text: Colombia-0329.txt item: #190 of 678 id: Colombia-0978 author: Colombia title: Colombia-0978 date: None words: 81 flesch: 14 summary: For the investigation and judgment of punishable conducts committed by members of the public force, when related to an armed conflict or a confrontation that meets the objective conditions of international humanitarian law, the norms and principles of international humanitarian law will be applied. Judges and prosecutors of ordinary justice and of the military or police justice system that know about the misconducts of the members of the public force must have appropriate training and knowledge about the international humanitarian law. keywords: law cache: Colombia-0978.txt plain text: Colombia-0978.txt item: #191 of 678 id: Colombia-0987 author: Colombia title: Colombia-0987 date: None words: 74 flesch: 56 summary: However, the President of the Republic may give temporary effect to treaties of an economic or commercial nature agreed upon in the context of international organizations which so provide. In order to be valid, treaties shall be approved by Congress. keywords: congress cache: Colombia-0987.txt plain text: Colombia-0987.txt item: #192 of 678 id: Colombia-1067 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1067 date: None words: 99 flesch: 36 summary: Should the Court declare them constitutional, the government may proceed to the exchange of notes; in the contrary case they shall not be ratified. To take a final decision on the execution of international treaties and the statutes approving them. keywords: court cache: Colombia-1067.txt plain text: Colombia-1067.txt item: #193 of 678 id: Colombia-1088 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1088 date: None words: 57 flesch: 25 summary: The authorities of the indigenous [Indian] peoples may exercise their jurisdictional functions within their territorial jurisdiction in accordance with their own laws and procedures as long as these are not contrary to the Constitution and the laws of the Republic. An Act shall establish the forms of coordination of this special jurisdiction with the national judicial system. keywords: laws cache: Colombia-1088.txt plain text: Colombia-1088.txt item: #194 of 678 id: Colombia-1404 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1404 date: None words: 75 flesch: -5 summary: By means of a law approved by the majority of the members of each House, it shall be possible to limit the exercise of the rights of movement and residence, establish controls on the density of population, regulate the use of the land, and submit to special conditions the transfer of immovable property in order to protect the cultural identity of the native [Indian] communities and preserve the environment and natural resources of the archipelago. keywords: archipelago cache: Colombia-1404.txt plain text: Colombia-1404.txt item: #195 of 678 id: Colombia-1503 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1503 date: None words: 66 flesch: 27 summary: In case that such territory should decide to constitute itself as a territorial entity, this shall be done in compliance with the requirements established by the first clause of this article. In the case of an indigenous [Indian] territory that may include the territory of two or more departments, its administration shall be implemented by indigenous councils in coordination with the governors of the respective departments. keywords: territory cache: Colombia-1503.txt plain text: Colombia-1503.txt item: #196 of 678 id: Colombia-1505 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1505 date: None words: 35 flesch: 23 summary: In accordance with the Constitution and the statutes, the indigenous territories shall be governed by the councils formed and regulated according to the uses and customs of their communities and shall exercise the following functions: keywords: functions cache: Colombia-1505.txt plain text: Colombia-1505.txt item: #197 of 678 id: Colombia-1516 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1516 date: None words: 47 flesch: 10 summary: In the decisions adopted with respect to said exploitation, the government shall encourage the participation of the representatives of the respective communities. The exploitation of the natural resources in the indigenous territories shall be done without impairing the cultural, social, and economic integrity of the indigenous communities. keywords: communities cache: Colombia-1516.txt plain text: Colombia-1516.txt item: #198 of 678 id: Colombia-1930 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1930 date: None words: 81 flesch: -6 summary: Within the two years following the entry into effect of the present Constitution, Congress shall issue, following a study by a special commission that the government shall create for that purpose, a law which shall take cognizance of the Black communities which have come to occupy uncultivated lands in the rural zones adjoining the rivers of the Pacific Basin, in accordance with their traditional cultivation practices and the right to collective property over the areas which the same law shall demarcate. keywords: law cache: Colombia-1930.txt plain text: Colombia-1930.txt item: #199 of 678 id: Colombia-1939 author: Colombia title: Colombia-1939 date: None words: 39 flesch: 4 summary: Pending the issuance of the Act referred to in Article 329, the Government may prescribe the necessary fiscal regulations and other matters relating to the functioning of the indigenous [Indian] territories and their coordination with the other territorial entities. keywords: entities cache: Colombia-1939.txt plain text: Colombia-1939.txt item: #200 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0007 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0007 date: None words: 57 flesch: 5 summary: Reaffirming our adherence and our attachment to the Conventions of the United Nations on the Rights of the Child and on the Rights of Women, particularly to the objective of the parity of man-woman representation within the institutions of the country as well as to the international instruments concerning the protection and promotion of human rights; keywords: rights cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0007.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0007.txt item: #201 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0162 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0162 date: None words: 19 flesch: 49 summary: The State guarantees the right to individual or collective property, acquired in conformity to the law or to custom. keywords: custom cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0162.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0162.txt item: #202 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0285 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0285 date: None words: 28 flesch: 33 summary: All national, provincial, local and customary authorities have the duty to safeguard the unity of the Republic and the integrity of its territory, under penalty of high treason. keywords: treason cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0285.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-0285.txt item: #203 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1062 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1062 date: None words: 20 flesch: 38 summary: Without prejudice to the other provisions of this Constitution, the following matters are of the exclusive competence of the Provinces: keywords: provinces cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1062.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1062.txt item: #204 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1090 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1090 date: None words: 5 flesch: 32 summary: the execution of customary law; keywords: law cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1090.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1090.txt item: #205 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1103 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1103 date: None words: 5 flesch: 15 summary: The customary authority is recognized. keywords: authority cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1103.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1103.txt item: #206 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1104 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1104 date: None words: 26 flesch: 56 summary: It is devolved conforming to local custom, provided that it is not contrary to the Constitution, to the law, to public order and to good morals. keywords: morals cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1104.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1104.txt item: #207 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1106 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1106 date: None words: 12 flesch: 46 summary: The customary authority has the duty to promote national unity and cohesion. keywords: cohesion cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1106.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1106.txt item: #208 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1107 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1107 date: None words: 9 flesch: 75 summary: A law establishes the status of the customary chiefs. keywords: chiefs cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1107.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1107.txt item: #209 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1137 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1137 date: None words: 34 flesch: 28 summary: The international treaties and agreements, regularly concluded, have, on their publication, an authority superior to that of the laws, under reserve for each treaty and agreement, of its the application by the other party. keywords: party cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1137.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1137.txt item: #210 of 678 id: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1139 author: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo title: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1139 date: None words: 66 flesch: -5 summary: If the Constitutional Court consulted by the President of the Republic, by the Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly or the President of the Senate, by a tenth of the Deputies or a tenth of the Senators, declares that an international treaty or agreement includes a clause contrary to the Constitution, the ratification or approval may only intervene after the revision of the Constitution. keywords: president cache: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1139.txt plain text: Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo-1139.txt item: #211 of 678 id: East_Timor-0025 author: East_Timor title: East_Timor-0025 date: None words: 21 flesch: 36 summary: The State recognizes customary laws of East Timor, subject to the Constitution and to any legislation dealing specifically with customary law. keywords: law cache: East_Timor-0025.txt plain text: East_Timor-0025.txt item: #212 of 678 id: East_Timor-0063 author: East_Timor title: East_Timor-0063 date: None words: 16 flesch: 47 summary: The legal system of East Timor shall adopt the general or common principles of international law. keywords: law cache: East_Timor-0063.txt plain text: East_Timor-0063.txt item: #213 of 678 id: East_Timor-0064 author: East_Timor title: East_Timor-0064 date: None words: 37 flesch: 6 summary: Norms provided for in international conventions, treaties and agreements shall apply in the internal legal system of East Timor following their approval, ratification or accession by the respective competent organs and after publication in the official gazette. keywords: norms cache: East_Timor-0064.txt plain text: East_Timor-0064.txt item: #214 of 678 id: East_Timor-0065 author: East_Timor title: East_Timor-0065 date: None words: 25 flesch: 35 summary: All norms that are contrary to the provisions of international conventions, treaties and agreements applied in the internal legal system of East Timor are invalid. keywords: norms cache: East_Timor-0065.txt plain text: East_Timor-0065.txt item: #215 of 678 id: East_Timor-0113 author: East_Timor title: East_Timor-0113 date: None words: 30 flesch: 38 summary: Fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution shall not exclude any other rights provided for by the law and shall be interpreted in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. keywords: rights cache: East_Timor-0113.txt plain text: East_Timor-0113.txt item: #216 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0135 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0135 date: None words: 16 flesch: 37 summary: Persons have the right to enjoy the benefits and applications of scientific progress and ancestral wisdom. keywords: persons cache: Ecuador_2021-0135.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0135.txt item: #217 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0297 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0297 date: None words: 29 flesch: -6 summary: Indigenous communes, communities, peoples and nations are recognized and guaranteed, in conformity with the Constitution and human rights agreements, conventions, declarations and other international instruments, the following collective rights: keywords: rights cache: Ecuador_2021-0297.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0297.txt item: #218 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0298 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0298 date: None words: 18 flesch: 28 summary: To freely uphold, develop and strengthen their identity, feeling of belonging, ancestral traditions and forms of social organization. keywords: organization cache: Ecuador_2021-0298.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0298.txt item: #219 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0302 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0302 date: None words: 16 flesch: 58 summary: To keep ownership of ancestral lands and territories and to obtain free awarding of these lands. keywords: lands cache: Ecuador_2021-0302.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0302.txt item: #220 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0306 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0306 date: None words: 28 flesch: 15 summary: To keep and develop their own forms of peaceful coexistence and social organization and creating and exercising authority, in their legally recognized territories and ancestrally owned community lands. keywords: lands cache: Ecuador_2021-0306.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0306.txt item: #221 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0308 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0308 date: None words: 8 flesch: 82 summary: To not be displaced from their ancestral lands. keywords: lands cache: Ecuador_2021-0308.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0308.txt item: #222 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0309 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0309 date: None words: 66 flesch: -12 summary: To uphold, protect and develop collective knowledge; their science, technologies and ancestral wisdom; the genetic resources that contain biological diversity and agricultural biodiversity; their medicine and traditional medical practices, with the inclusion of the right to restore, promote, and protect ritual and holy places, as well as plants, animals, minerals and ecosystems in their territories; and knowledge about the resources and properties of fauna and flora. keywords: resources cache: Ecuador_2021-0309.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0309.txt item: #223 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0320 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0320 date: None words: 38 flesch: 30 summary: That the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories, and ambitions be reflected in public education and in the media; the creation of their own media in their languages and access to the others without any discrimination. keywords: media cache: Ecuador_2021-0320.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0320.txt item: #224 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0321 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0321 date: None words: 73 flesch: 41 summary: The territories of the peoples living in voluntary isolation are an irreducible and intangible ancestral possession and all forms of extractive activities shall be forbidden there. The State shall adopt measures to guarantee their lives, enforce respect for self-determination and the will to remain in isolation and to ensure observance of their rights. keywords: rights cache: Ecuador_2021-0321.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0321.txt item: #225 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0324 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0324 date: None words: 37 flesch: 25 summary: To build up their identity, culture, traditions and rights, the collective rights of the Afro-Ecuadorian people are recognized, as set forth in the Constitution, the law, and human rights agreements, conventions, declarations and other international instruments. keywords: rights cache: Ecuador_2021-0324.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0324.txt item: #226 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0328 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0328 date: None words: 42 flesch: 23 summary: Communities (comunas) that have collective land ownership are recognized as an ancestral form of territorial organization. Ancestral, indigenous, Afro-Ecuadorian and coastal back-country (montubios) peoples can establish territorial districts for the preservation of their culture. keywords: culture cache: Ecuador_2021-0328.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0328.txt item: #227 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0452 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0452 date: None words: 31 flesch: 81 summary: For this purpose, the cases ruled by the indigenous legal system must also be taken into account. No one can be judged more than once for the same case and offense. keywords: offense cache: Ecuador_2021-0452.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0452.txt item: #228 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0925 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0925 date: None words: 74 flesch: 19 summary: The authorities shall apply their own standards and procedures for the settlement of internal disputes, as long as they are not contrary to the Constitution and human rights enshrined in international instruments. The authorities of the indigenous communities, peoples, and nations shall perform jurisdictional duties, on the basis of their ancestral traditions and their own system of law, within their own territories, with a guarantee for the participation of, and decision-making by, women. keywords: authorities cache: Ecuador_2021-0925.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0925.txt item: #229 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-0926 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-0926 date: None words: 43 flesch: 13 summary: The law shall establish the mechanisms for coordination and cooperation between indigenous jurisdiction and regular jurisdiction. The State shall guarantee that the decisions of indigenous jurisdiction are observed by public institutions and authorities. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Ecuador_2021-0926.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-0926.txt item: #230 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1008 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1008 date: None words: 61 flesch: 48 summary: Justices of the peace shall settle matters in a framework of equity and shall have the exclusive and mandatory competence to hear those individual, community, and district conflicts and infringements that are brought to their jurisdiction, in conformity with the law. In no case can they order the arrest and imprisonment of a person nor can they prevail over indigenous justice. keywords: law cache: Ecuador_2021-1008.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1008.txt item: #231 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1246 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1246 date: None words: 17 flesch: -4 summary: Autonomous metropolitan districts, the province of Galapagos, and indigenous and pluricultural territorial districts shall constitute special systems. keywords: districts cache: Ecuador_2021-1246.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1246.txt item: #232 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1288 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1288 date: None words: 43 flesch: 7 summary: These shall have jurisdiction over the respective autonomous territorial government and shall be governed by the principles of interculturalism and plurinationalism, and in accordance with collective rights. Within the framework of political- administrative organization, indigenous or Afro-Ecuadorian territorial districts may be formed. keywords: framework cache: Ecuador_2021-1288.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1288.txt item: #233 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1289 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1289 date: None words: 76 flesch: 35 summary: The law shall set forth the rules for the structure, operation and competences of such districts. Parishes, cantons and provinces comprised in their majority of indigenous, Afro-Ecuadorian, coastal back- country (montubio) or ancestral communities, peoples or nations may take up this special administration system following a referendum passed by at least two thirds of the valid votes. keywords: districts cache: Ecuador_2021-1289.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1289.txt item: #234 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1420 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1420 date: None words: 28 flesch: 9 summary: To promote and bolster science and technology, the arts, ancestral wisdom and, in general, activities resulting from the creative initiative of communities, associations, cooperatives and the private sector. keywords: sector cache: Ecuador_2021-1420.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1420.txt item: #235 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1441 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1441 date: None words: 22 flesch: 22 summary: Promoting the conservation and recovery of agricultural biodiversity and related ancestral wisdom, along with the use, conservation and free exchange of seeds. keywords: conservation cache: Ecuador_2021-1441.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1441.txt item: #236 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1607 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1607 date: None words: 45 flesch: 24 summary: The appropriation of genetic resources contained in biological diversity and agricultural biodiversity is likewise forbidden Any form of appropriation of collective knowledge, in the fields of science, technology and ancestral wisdom, is forbidden. keywords: appropriation cache: Ecuador_2021-1607.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1607.txt item: #237 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1767 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1767 date: None words: 44 flesch: 16 summary: The system shall guarantee, through the institutions that comprise it, the promotion of family and community health, prevention and integral care, on the basis of primary healthcare; it shall articulate various levels of care; and it shall promote complementariness with ancestral and alternative medicines. keywords: care cache: Ecuador_2021-1767.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1767.txt item: #238 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1772 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1772 date: None words: 53 flesch: 33 summary: Healthcare services shall be safe, of a high quality, and humane and they shall guarantee informed consent, access to information, and confidentiality of the information of patients. Healthcare as a public service shall be provided through state, private, autonomous, and community institutions, as well as those that practice alternative and complementary ancestral medicine. keywords: healthcare cache: Ecuador_2021-1772.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1772.txt item: #239 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1779 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1779 date: None words: 19 flesch: 13 summary: Guaranteeing ancestral and alternative health practices by recognizing, respecting and promoting the use of their knowledge, medicines and instruments. keywords: instruments cache: Ecuador_2021-1779.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1779.txt item: #240 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1841 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1841 date: None words: 21 flesch: 24 summary: Languages, forms of expression, oral tradition and diverse cultural manifestations and creations, including those of a ritual, festive or productive nature. keywords: languages cache: Ecuador_2021-1841.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1841.txt item: #241 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1871 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1871 date: None words: 31 flesch: 28 summary: The national system of science, technology, innovation and ancestral wisdom, in the framework of respect for the environment, nature, life, cultures and sovereignty, shall have as its end purpose the following: keywords: following cache: Ecuador_2021-1871.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1871.txt item: #242 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1873 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1873 date: None words: 7 flesch: 54 summary: To restore, strengthen and upgrade ancestral wisdom. keywords: wisdom cache: Ecuador_2021-1873.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1873.txt item: #243 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1876 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1876 date: None words: 54 flesch: -20 summary: The system shall be comprised of programs, policies, resources, actions and shall incorporate State institutions, universities and polytechnic schools, public and private research institutes, public and private enterprise, nongovernmental organizations and natural persons or legal entities, to the extent that they undertake activities of research, technological development, innovation and those linked to ancestral wisdom. keywords: research cache: Ecuador_2021-1876.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1876.txt item: #244 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1881 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1881 date: None words: 33 flesch: 46 summary: To promote the generation and production of knowledge, to foster scientific and technological research, and to upgrade ancestral wisdom to thus contribute to the achievement of the good way of living (sumak kawsay) . keywords: kawsay cache: Ecuador_2021-1881.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1881.txt item: #245 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1883 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1883 date: None words: 23 flesch: 40 summary: To guarantee the liberty of creation and research in the framework of respect for ethics, nature, the environment, and restoration of ancestral wisdom. keywords: wisdom cache: Ecuador_2021-1883.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1883.txt item: #246 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-1886 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-1886 date: None words: 57 flesch: 18 summary: The State shall allocate the resources needed for scientific research, technological development, innovation, scientific training, restoration and development of ancestral wisdom, and the dissemination of knowledge. A percentage of these resources shall be earmarked for funding projects by means of competitive finds. keywords: state cache: Ecuador_2021-1886.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-1886.txt item: #247 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2001 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2001 date: None words: 56 flesch: 34 summary: In the case of treaties and other international instruments for human rights, principles for the benefit of the human being, the nonrestriction of rights, direct applicability, and the open clause as set forth in the Constitution shall be applied. The international treaties ratified by Ecuador shall be subject to the provisions set forth in the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Ecuador_2021-2001.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2001.txt item: #248 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2003 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2003 date: None words: 13 flesch: 4 summary: The President is responsible for signing or ratifying treaties and other international instruments. keywords: instruments cache: Ecuador_2021-2003.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2003.txt item: #249 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2004 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2004 date: None words: 49 flesch: 54 summary: A treaty can only be ratified for its subsequent clearance or deposit, ten days after the Assembly has been notified of it. The President of the Republic shall inform the National Assembly immediately of all the treaties he/she signs, with a precise description of its nature and content. keywords: assembly cache: Ecuador_2021-2004.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2004.txt item: #250 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2038 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2038 date: None words: 37 flesch: 20 summary: The Constitution and international human rights treaties ratified by the State that recognize rights that are more favorable than those enshrined in the Constitution shall prevail over any other legal regulatory system or action by public power. keywords: constitution cache: Ecuador_2021-2038.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2038.txt item: #251 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2040 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2040 date: None words: 46 flesch: -14 summary: The order of precedence for the application of the regulations shall be as follows: the Constitution; international treaties and conventions; organic laws; regular laws; regional regulations and district ordinances; decrees and regulations; ordinances; agreements and resolutions; and the other actions and decisions taken by public authorities. keywords: regulations cache: Ecuador_2021-2040.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2040.txt item: #252 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2041 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2041 date: None words: 36 flesch: 15 summary: In the event of any conflict between regulations from different hierarchical levels, the Constitutional Court, judges, administrative authorities and public servants, it shall be settled by the application of the standard of higher order of precedence. keywords: precedence cache: Ecuador_2021-2041.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2041.txt item: #253 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2045 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2045 date: None words: 44 flesch: 16 summary: The judges, administrative authorities, and public servants shall directly apply constitutional standards and those provided for in international human rights instruments, as long as the latter are more favorable than those set forth in the Constitution, although the parties do not invoke them expressly. keywords: judges cache: Ecuador_2021-2045.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2045.txt item: #254 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2046 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2046 date: None words: 59 flesch: 34 summary: The rights enshrined in the Constitution and international human rights instruments shall be for immediate observance and enforcement. The absence of a law or lack of knowledge about the norms cannot be alleged to justify the violation of rights and guarantees enshrined in the Constitution, to dismiss proceedings for their defense, or to refuse recognition of these rights. keywords: rights cache: Ecuador_2021-2046.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2046.txt item: #255 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2079 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2079 date: None words: 29 flesch: 49 summary: To be the supreme body for interpreting the Constitution and international human rights treaties ratified by the Ecuadorian State by its rulings and judgments. Its decisions shall be binding. keywords: judgments cache: Ecuador_2021-2079.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2079.txt item: #256 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2094 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2094 date: None words: 24 flesch: 30 summary: The Constitutional Court shall issue a prior and binding ruling of constitutionality in the following cases, in addition to those stipulated by the law: keywords: law cache: Ecuador_2021-2094.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2094.txt item: #257 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2095 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2095 date: None words: 10 flesch: 2 summary: International treaties, prior to their ratification by the National Assembly. keywords: assembly cache: Ecuador_2021-2095.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2095.txt item: #258 of 678 id: Ecuador_2021-2140 author: Ecuador_2021 title: Ecuador_2021-2140 date: None words: 46 flesch: 13 summary: The national councils for children and adolescents, persons with disabilities, women, indigenous peoples and nations, Afro-Ecuadorians and coastal back-country people (montubios) shall establish their own national councils for equality, for which purposes they shall adjust their structure and duties in line with the Constitution. keywords: national cache: Ecuador_2021-2140.txt plain text: Ecuador_2021-2140.txt item: #259 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0037 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0037 date: None words: 34 flesch: 60 summary: Any law, customary practice or a decision of an organ of state or a public official which contravenes this Constitution shall be of no effect. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land. keywords: law cache: Ethiopia-0037.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0037.txt item: #260 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0040 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0040 date: None words: 16 flesch: 58 summary: All international agreements ratified by Ethiopia are an integral part of the law of the land. keywords: land cache: Ethiopia-0040.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0040.txt item: #261 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0055 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0055 date: None words: 37 flesch: 13 summary: The fundamental rights and freedoms specified in this Chapter shall be interpreted in a manner conforming to the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants on Human Rights and international instruments adopted by Ethiopia. keywords: rights cache: Ethiopia-0055.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0055.txt item: #262 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0145 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0145 date: None words: 26 flesch: 37 summary: In accordance with provisions to be specified by law, a law giving recognition to marriage concluded under systems of religious or customary laws may be enacted. keywords: law cache: Ethiopia-0145.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0145.txt item: #263 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0146 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0146 date: None words: 37 flesch: 41 summary: This Constitution shall not preclude the adjudication of disputes relating to personal and family laws in accordance with religious or customary laws, with the consent of the parties to the dispute. Particulars shall be determined by law. keywords: laws cache: Ethiopia-0146.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0146.txt item: #264 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0151 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0151 date: None words: 31 flesch: 62 summary: Laws, customs and practices that oppress or cause bodily or mental harm to women are prohibited. The State shall enforce the right of women to eliminate the influences of harmful customs. keywords: customs cache: Ethiopia-0151.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0151.txt item: #265 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0471 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0471 date: None words: 58 flesch: 28 summary: Religious and customary courts that had state recognition and functioned prior to the adoption of the Constitution shall be organized on the basis of recognition accorded to them by this Constitution. Pursuant to sub-Article 5 of Article 34 the House of Peoples' Representatives and State Councils can establish or give official recognition to religious and customary courts. keywords: recognition cache: Ethiopia-0471.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0471.txt item: #266 of 678 id: Ethiopia-0550 author: Ethiopia title: Ethiopia-0550 date: None words: 38 flesch: 32 summary: Government shall have the duty to support, on the basis of equality, the growth and enrichment of cultures and traditions that are compatible with fundamental rights, human dignity, democratic norms and ideals, and the provisions of the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Ethiopia-0550.txt plain text: Ethiopia-0550.txt item: #267 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0003 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0003 date: None words: 19 flesch: 49 summary: RECOGNISING the indigenous people or the iTaukei, their ownership of iTaukei lands, their unique culture, customs, traditions and language; keywords: itaukei cache: Fiji_2013-0003.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0003.txt item: #268 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0004 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0004 date: None words: 24 flesch: 34 summary: RECOGNISING the indigenous people or the Rotuman from the island of Rotuma, their ownership of Rotuman lands, their unique culture, customs, traditions and language; keywords: rotuman cache: Fiji_2013-0004.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0004.txt item: #269 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0005 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0005 date: None words: 21 flesch: 32 summary: RECOGNISING the descendants of the indentured labourers from British India and the Pacific Islands, their culture, customs, traditions and language; and keywords: language cache: Fiji_2013-0005.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0005.txt item: #270 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0006 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0006 date: None words: 16 flesch: 42 summary: RECOGNISING the descendants of the settlers and immigrants to Fiji, their culture, customs, traditions and language, keywords: language cache: Fiji_2013-0006.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0006.txt item: #271 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0350 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0350 date: None words: 39 flesch: 45 summary: The ownership of all iTaukei land shall remain with the customary owners of that land and iTaukei land shall not be permanently alienated, whether by sale, grant, transfer or exchange, except to the State in accordance with section 27. keywords: land cache: Fiji_2013-0350.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0350.txt item: #272 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0351 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0351 date: None words: 41 flesch: 45 summary: Any iTaukei land acquired by the State for a public purpose after the commencement of this Constitution under section 27 or under any written law shall revert to the customary owners if the land is no longer required by the State. keywords: state cache: Fiji_2013-0351.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0351.txt item: #273 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0352 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0352 date: None words: 39 flesch: 37 summary: The ownership of all Rotuman land shall remain with the customary owners of that land and Rotuman land shall not be permanently alienated, whether by sale, grant, transfer or exchange, except to the State in accordance with section 27. keywords: land cache: Fiji_2013-0352.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0352.txt item: #274 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0353 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0353 date: None words: 41 flesch: 41 summary: Any Rotuman land acquired by the State for a public purpose after the commencement of this Constitution under section 27 or under any written law shall revert to the customary owners if the land is no longer required by the State. keywords: state cache: Fiji_2013-0353.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0353.txt item: #275 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0354 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0354 date: None words: 39 flesch: 45 summary: The ownership of all Banaban land shall remain with the customary owners of that land and Banaban land shall not be permanently alienated, whether by sale, grant, transfer or exchange, except to the State in accordance with section 27. keywords: land cache: Fiji_2013-0354.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0354.txt item: #276 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0355 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0355 date: None words: 41 flesch: 45 summary: Any Banaban land acquired by the State for a public purpose after the commencement of this Constitution under section 27 or under any written law shall revert to the customary owners if the land is no longer required by the State. keywords: state cache: Fiji_2013-0355.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0355.txt item: #277 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0366 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0366 date: None words: 78 flesch: 10 summary: All minerals in or under any land or water, are owned by the State, provided however, that the owners of any particular land (whether customary or freehold), or of any particular registered customary fishing rights shall be entitled to receive a fair share of royalties or other money paid to the State in respect of the grant by the State of rights to extract minerals from that land or the seabed in the area of those fishing rights. keywords: rights cache: Fiji_2013-0366.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0366.txt item: #278 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0515 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0515 date: None words: 8 flesch: -8 summary: Parliamentary authority over international treaties and conventions 51. keywords: conventions cache: Fiji_2013-0515.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0515.txt item: #279 of 678 id: Fiji_2013-0516 author: Fiji_2013 title: Fiji_2013-0516 date: None words: 16 flesch: 58 summary: An international treaty or convention binds the State only after it has been approved by Parliament. keywords: parliament cache: Fiji_2013-0516.txt plain text: Fiji_2013-0516.txt item: #280 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0038 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0038 date: None words: 12 flesch: 60 summary: In addition to this Constitution, the laws of The Gambia consist of- keywords: gambia cache: Gambia_2018-0038.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0038.txt item: #281 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0043 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0043 date: None words: 14 flesch: 65 summary: customary law so far as concerns members of the communities to which it applies; keywords: law cache: Gambia_2018-0043.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0043.txt item: #282 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0146 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0146 date: None words: 50 flesch: 8 summary: where a compulsory acquisition of land by or on behalf of the Government involves the displacement of any inhabitant who occupy the land under customary law, the Government shall resettle the displaced inhabitants on suitable alternative land with due regard to their economic well-being and social and cultural values. keywords: land cache: Gambia_2018-0146.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0146.txt item: #283 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0216 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0216 date: None words: 52 flesch: 22 summary: Every person shall be entitled to enjoy, practice, profess, maintain and promote any culture, language, tradition or religion subject to the terms of this Constitution and to the condition that the rights protected by this section do not impinge on the rights and freedoms of others or the national interest, especially unity. keywords: rights cache: Gambia_2018-0216.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0216.txt item: #284 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0226 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0226 date: None words: 36 flesch: 52 summary: for the application in the case of members of a particular race or tribe of customary law with respect to any matter in the case of persons who, under that law, are subject to that law. keywords: law cache: Gambia_2018-0226.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0226.txt item: #285 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0365 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0365 date: None words: 17 flesch: 25 summary: The Minister shall, in making an appointment under subsection (1), take into account traditional lines of inheritance. keywords: inheritance cache: Gambia_2018-0365.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0365.txt item: #286 of 678 id: Gambia_2018-0517 author: Gambia_2018 title: Gambia_2018-0517 date: None words: 18 flesch: 9 summary: the negotiation and, subject to ratification by the National Assembly, the conclusion of treaties and other international agreements; keywords: agreements cache: Gambia_2018-0517.txt plain text: Gambia_2018-0517.txt item: #287 of 678 id: Ghana-0106 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0106 date: None words: 41 flesch: 43 summary: The common law of Ghana shall comprise the rules of law generally known as the common law, the rules generally known as the doctrines of equity and the rules of customary law including those determined by the Superior Court of Judicature. keywords: law cache: Ghana-0106.txt plain text: Ghana-0106.txt item: #288 of 678 id: Ghana-0107 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0107 date: None words: 23 flesch: 54 summary: For the purposes of this article, customary law means the rules of law which by custom are applicable to particular communities in Ghana. keywords: law cache: Ghana-0107.txt plain text: Ghana-0107.txt item: #289 of 678 id: Ghana-0274 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0274 date: None words: 24 flesch: 30 summary: Every person is entitled to enjoy, practice, profess, maintain and promote any culture, language, tradition or religion subject to the provisions of this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Ghana-0274.txt plain text: Ghana-0274.txt item: #290 of 678 id: Ghana-0275 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0275 date: None words: 20 flesch: 34 summary: All customary practices which dehumanise or are injurious to the physical and mental well-being of a person are prohibited. keywords: person cache: Ghana-0275.txt plain text: Ghana-0275.txt item: #291 of 678 id: Ghana-0393 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0393 date: None words: 44 flesch: 8 summary: Subject to clause (2) of this article, the State shall take steps to encourage the integration of appropriate customary values into the fabric of national life through formal and informal education and the conscious introduction of cultural dimensions to relevant aspects of national, planning. keywords: planning cache: Ghana-0393.txt plain text: Ghana-0393.txt item: #292 of 678 id: Ghana-0394 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0394 date: None words: 48 flesch: 18 summary: The State shall ensure that appropriate customary and cultural values are adapted and developed as an integral part of the growing needs of the society as a whole; and in particular that traditional practices which are injurious to the health and well-being of the person are abolished. keywords: state cache: Ghana-0394.txt plain text: Ghana-0394.txt item: #293 of 678 id: Ghana-0398 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0398 date: None words: 9 flesch: 66 summary: In its dealings with other nations, the Government shall- keywords: government cache: Ghana-0398.txt plain text: Ghana-0398.txt item: #294 of 678 id: Ghana-0402 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0402 date: None words: 17 flesch: 90 summary: adhere to the principles enshrined in or as the case may be, the aims and ideals of- keywords: ideals cache: Ghana-0402.txt plain text: Ghana-0402.txt item: #295 of 678 id: Ghana-0403 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0403 date: None words: 6 flesch: 102 summary: the Charter of the United Nations; keywords: nations cache: Ghana-0403.txt plain text: Ghana-0403.txt item: #296 of 678 id: Ghana-0404 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0404 date: None words: 8 flesch: 61 summary: the Charter of the Organization of African Unity; keywords: unity cache: Ghana-0404.txt plain text: Ghana-0404.txt item: #297 of 678 id: Ghana-0405 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0405 date: None words: 2 flesch: 35 summary: the Commonwealth; keywords: commonwealth cache: Ghana-0405.txt plain text: Ghana-0405.txt item: #298 of 678 id: Ghana-0406 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0406 date: None words: 11 flesch: 80 summary: the Treaty of the Economic Community of West African States; and keywords: treaty cache: Ghana-0406.txt plain text: Ghana-0406.txt item: #299 of 678 id: Ghana-0407 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0407 date: None words: 10 flesch: 27 summary: any other international organization of which Ghana is a member. keywords: member cache: Ghana-0407.txt plain text: Ghana-0407.txt item: #300 of 678 id: Ghana-0653 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0653 date: None words: 31 flesch: 22 summary: The Government of Ghana shall conduct its international affairs in consonance with the accepted principles of public international law and diplomacy in a manner consistent with the national interest of Ghana. keywords: ghana cache: Ghana-0653.txt plain text: Ghana-0653.txt item: #301 of 678 id: Ghana-0659 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0659 date: None words: 20 flesch: 42 summary: A treaty, agreement or convention executed by or under the authority of the President shall be subject to ratification by- keywords: treaty cache: Ghana-0659.txt plain text: Ghana-0659.txt item: #302 of 678 id: Ghana-0660 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0660 date: None words: 4 flesch: 75 summary: Act of Parliament; or keywords: act cache: Ghana-0660.txt plain text: Ghana-0660.txt item: #303 of 678 id: Ghana-0661 author: Ghana title: Ghana-0661 date: None words: 19 flesch: 58 summary: a resolution of Parliament supported by the votes of more than one-half of all the members of Parliament. keywords: parliament cache: Ghana-0661.txt plain text: Ghana-0661.txt item: #304 of 678 id: Ghana-1816 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1816 date: None words: 30 flesch: 63 summary: All stool lands in Ghana shall vest in the appropriate stool on behalf of, and in trust for the subjects of the stool in accordance with customary law and usage. keywords: stool cache: Ghana-1816.txt plain text: Ghana-1816.txt item: #305 of 678 id: Ghana-1828 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1828 date: None words: 42 flesch: 15 summary: The Administrator of Stool Lands and the Regional Lands Commission shall consult with the stools and other traditional authorities in all matters relating to the administration and development of stool land and shall make available to them all relevant information and data. keywords: stool cache: Ghana-1828.txt plain text: Ghana-1828.txt item: #306 of 678 id: Ghana-1829 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1829 date: None words: 38 flesch: 16 summary: The Lands Commission and the Administrator of Stool lands shall co-ordinate with all relevant public agencies and traditional authorities and stools in preparing a policy framework for the rational and productive development and management of stool lands. keywords: lands cache: Ghana-1829.txt plain text: Ghana-1829.txt item: #307 of 678 id: Ghana-1840 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1840 date: None words: 19 flesch: 27 summary: The institution of chieftaincy, together with its traditional councils as established by customary law and usage is hereby guaranteed. keywords: institution cache: Ghana-1840.txt plain text: Ghana-1840.txt item: #308 of 678 id: Ghana-1841 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1841 date: None words: 10 flesch: 86 summary: Parliament shall have no power to enact any law which- keywords: parliament cache: Ghana-1841.txt plain text: Ghana-1841.txt item: #309 of 678 id: Ghana-1842 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1842 date: None words: 23 flesch: 54 summary: confers on any person or authority the right to accord or withdraw recognition to or from a chief for any purpose whatsoever, or keywords: purpose cache: Ghana-1842.txt plain text: Ghana-1842.txt item: #310 of 678 id: Ghana-1843 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1843 date: None words: 16 flesch: 63 summary: in any way detracts or derogates from the honour and dignity of the institution of chieftaincy. keywords: chieftaincy cache: Ghana-1843.txt plain text: Ghana-1843.txt item: #311 of 678 id: Ghana-1844 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1844 date: None words: 34 flesch: 55 summary: Nothing in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with, or in contravention of, clause (1) or (2) of this article if the law makes provision for keywords: law cache: Ghana-1844.txt plain text: Ghana-1844.txt item: #312 of 678 id: Ghana-1845 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1845 date: None words: 51 flesch: 10 summary: the determination, in accordance with the appropriate customary law and usage, by a Traditional Council, a Regional House of Chiefs or the National House of Chiefs or a Chieftaincy Committee of any of them, of the validity of the nomination, election, selection, installation or deposition of a person as a chief; keywords: chiefs cache: Ghana-1845.txt plain text: Ghana-1845.txt item: #313 of 678 id: Ghana-1846 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1846 date: None words: 44 flesch: 27 summary: a Traditional Council or a Regional House of Chiefs or the National House of Chiefs to establish and operate a procedure for the registration of chiefs and the public notification in the Gazette or otherwise of the status of persons as chiefs in Ghana. keywords: chiefs cache: Ghana-1846.txt plain text: Ghana-1846.txt item: #314 of 678 id: Ghana-1852 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1852 date: None words: 6 flesch: 87 summary: The National House of Chiefs shall- keywords: national cache: Ghana-1852.txt plain text: Ghana-1852.txt item: #315 of 678 id: Ghana-1853 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1853 date: None words: 24 flesch: 30 summary: advise any person or authority charged with any responsibility under this Constitution or any other law for any matter relating to or affecting chieftaincy; keywords: chieftaincy cache: Ghana-1853.txt plain text: Ghana-1853.txt item: #316 of 678 id: Ghana-1854 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1854 date: None words: 41 flesch: 41 summary: undertake the progressive study, interpretation and codification of customary law with a view to evolving, in appropriate cases, a unified system of rules of customary law, and compiling the customary laws and lines of succession applicable to each stool or skin; keywords: law cache: Ghana-1854.txt plain text: Ghana-1854.txt item: #317 of 678 id: Ghana-1855 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1855 date: None words: 23 flesch: 36 summary: undertake an evaluation of traditional customs and usages with a view to eliminating those customs and usages that are outmoded and socially harmful; keywords: customs cache: Ghana-1855.txt plain text: Ghana-1855.txt item: #318 of 678 id: Ghana-1873 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1873 date: None words: 27 flesch: 39 summary: hear and determine appeals from the traditional councils within the region in respect of the nomination, election, selection, installation or deposition of a person as a chief; keywords: chief cache: Ghana-1873.txt plain text: Ghana-1873.txt item: #319 of 678 id: Ghana-1876 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1876 date: None words: 20 flesch: 51 summary: undertake the compilation of the customary laws and lines of succession applicable to each stool or skin in the region. keywords: region cache: Ghana-1876.txt plain text: Ghana-1876.txt item: #320 of 678 id: Ghana-1886 author: Ghana title: Ghana-1886 date: None words: 47 flesch: 22 summary: In this Chapter unless the context otherwise requires, chief means a person, who, hailing from the appropriate family and lineage, has been validly nominated, elected or selected and enstooled, enskinned or installed as a chief or queen mother in accordance with the relevant customary law and usage. keywords: usage cache: Ghana-1886.txt plain text: Ghana-1886.txt item: #321 of 678 id: Ghana-2049 author: Ghana title: Ghana-2049 date: None words: 23 flesch: 54 summary: paramount chief means a person who has been nominated, elected and installed as a paramount chief in accordance with customary law and usage; keywords: paramount cache: Ghana-2049.txt plain text: Ghana-2049.txt item: #322 of 678 id: Ghana-2180 author: Ghana title: Ghana-2180 date: None words: 47 flesch: 31 summary: coming into force of this Constitution shall, on the coming into force of this Constitution, continue in existence subject to this Constitution. The National House of Chiefs, the Regional Houses of Chiefs, the Traditional Councils and all Judicial Committees of those bodies in existence immediately before the! keywords: constitution cache: Ghana-2180.txt plain text: Ghana-2180.txt item: #323 of 678 id: India_2016-0893 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-0893 date: None words: 43 flesch: 49 summary: Provided that in the States of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa, there shall be a Minister in charge of tribal welfare who may in addition be in charge of the welfare of the Scheduled Castes and backward classes or any other work. keywords: charge cache: India_2016-0893.txt plain text: India_2016-0893.txt item: #324 of 678 id: India_2016-1697 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-1697 date: None words: 8 flesch: 12 summary: Legislation for giving effect to international agreements 253. keywords: legislation cache: India_2016-1697.txt plain text: India_2016-1697.txt item: #325 of 678 id: India_2016-1698 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-1698 date: None words: 52 flesch: 15 summary: Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Chapter, Parliament has power to make any law for the whole or any part of the territory of India for implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with any other country or countries or any decision made at any international conference, association or other body. keywords: body cache: India_2016-1698.txt plain text: India_2016-1698.txt item: #326 of 678 id: India_2016-2231 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2231 date: None words: 69 flesch: 11 summary: The President may with respect to any State or Union territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union territory, as the case may be. keywords: state cache: India_2016-2231.txt plain text: India_2016-2231.txt item: #327 of 678 id: India_2016-2232 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2232 date: None words: 57 flesch: 19 summary: Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes specified in a notification issued under clause (1) any tribe or tribal community or part of or group within any tribe or tribal community, but save as aforesaid a notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification. keywords: notification cache: India_2016-2232.txt plain text: India_2016-2232.txt item: #328 of 678 id: India_2016-2452 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2452 date: None words: 35 flesch: 50 summary: Scheduled Tribes means such tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within such tribes or tribal communities as are deemed under article 342 to be Scheduled Tribes for the purposes of this constitution; keywords: tribes cache: India_2016-2452.txt plain text: India_2016-2452.txt item: #329 of 678 id: India_2016-2515 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2515 date: None words: 7 flesch: 78 summary: no Act of Parliament in respect of- keywords: act cache: India_2016-2515.txt plain text: India_2016-2515.txt item: #330 of 678 id: India_2016-2517 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2517 date: None words: 5 flesch: 49 summary: Naga customary law and procedure, keywords: naga cache: India_2016-2517.txt plain text: India_2016-2517.txt item: #331 of 678 id: India_2016-2518 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2518 date: None words: 13 flesch: 30 summary: administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to Naga customary law, keywords: administration cache: India_2016-2518.txt plain text: India_2016-2518.txt item: #332 of 678 id: India_2016-2520 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2520 date: None words: 18 flesch: 56 summary: shall apply to the State of Nagaland unless the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland by a resolution so decides; keywords: nagaland cache: India_2016-2520.txt plain text: India_2016-2520.txt item: #333 of 678 id: India_2016-2619 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2619 date: None words: 7 flesch: 78 summary: no Act of Parliament in respect of- keywords: act cache: India_2016-2619.txt plain text: India_2016-2619.txt item: #334 of 678 id: India_2016-2621 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2621 date: None words: 5 flesch: 49 summary: Mizo customary law and procedure. keywords: mizo cache: India_2016-2621.txt plain text: India_2016-2621.txt item: #335 of 678 id: India_2016-2622 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2622 date: None words: 13 flesch: 30 summary: administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to Mizo customary law, keywords: administration cache: India_2016-2622.txt plain text: India_2016-2622.txt item: #336 of 678 id: India_2016-2624 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2624 date: None words: 21 flesch: 71 summary: shall apply to the State of Mizoram unless the Legislative Assembly of the State of Mizoram by a resolution so decides: keywords: state cache: India_2016-2624.txt plain text: India_2016-2624.txt item: #337 of 678 id: India_2016-2935 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2935 date: None words: 40 flesch: 20 summary: The Governor shall make rules for the first constitution of District Councils and Regional Councils in consultation with the existing tribal Councils or other representative tribal organisations within the autonomous districts or regions concerned, and such rules shall provide for- keywords: councils cache: India_2016-2935.txt plain text: India_2016-2935.txt item: #338 of 678 id: India_2016-2960 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2960 date: None words: 8 flesch: 61 summary: the appointment or succession of Chiefs or headmen; keywords: headmen cache: India_2016-2960.txt plain text: India_2016-2960.txt item: #339 of 678 id: India_2016-2963 author: India_2016 title: India_2016-2963 date: None words: 2 flesch: 35 summary: social customs. keywords: social cache: India_2016-2963.txt plain text: India_2016-2963.txt item: #340 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0027 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0027 date: None words: 31 flesch: 28 summary: Any law, including customary law, that is inconsistent with this Constitution is void to the extent of the inconsistency, and any act or omission in contravention of this Constitution is invalid. keywords: law cache: Kenya_2010-0027.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0027.txt item: #341 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0029 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0029 date: None words: 18 flesch: 66 summary: Any treaty or convention ratified by Kenya shall form part of the law of Kenya under this Constitution. keywords: kenya cache: Kenya_2010-0029.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0029.txt item: #342 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0357 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0357 date: None words: 6 flesch: 3 summary: Parliament shall enact legislation that recognises- keywords: parliament cache: Kenya_2010-0357.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0357.txt item: #343 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0358 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0358 date: None words: 14 flesch: 41 summary: marriages concluded under any tradition, or system of religious, personal or family law; and keywords: marriages cache: Kenya_2010-0358.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0358.txt item: #344 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0359 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0359 date: None words: 19 flesch: 31 summary: any system of personal and family law under any tradition, or adhered to by persons professing a particular religion, keywords: religion cache: Kenya_2010-0359.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0359.txt item: #345 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0522 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0522 date: None words: 26 flesch: 50 summary: Land in Kenya shall be held, used and managed in a manner that is equitable, efficient, productive and sustainable, and in accordance with the following principles- keywords: land cache: Kenya_2010-0522.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0522.txt item: #346 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0528 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0528 date: None words: 17 flesch: 50 summary: elimination of gender discrimination in law, customs and practices related to land and property in land; and keywords: land cache: Kenya_2010-0528.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0528.txt item: #347 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0588 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0588 date: None words: 8 flesch: 61 summary: The functions of the National Land Commission are- keywords: national cache: Kenya_2010-0588.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0588.txt item: #348 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0594 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0594 date: None words: 12 flesch: 4 summary: to encourage the application of traditional dispute resolution mechanisms in land conflicts; keywords: conflicts cache: Kenya_2010-0594.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0594.txt item: #349 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-0615 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-0615 date: None words: 18 flesch: 33 summary: protect and enhance intellectual property in, and indigenous knowledge of, biodiversity and the genetic resources of the communities; keywords: communities cache: Kenya_2010-0615.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-0615.txt item: #350 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-1240 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-1240 date: None words: 34 flesch: 52 summary: The immunity of the President under this Article shall not extend to a crime for which the President may be prosecuted under any treaty to which Kenya is party and which prohibits such immunity. keywords: immunity cache: Kenya_2010-1240.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-1240.txt item: #351 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-1438 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-1438 date: None words: 20 flesch: -16 summary: alternative forms of dispute resolution including reconciliation, mediation, arbitration and traditional dispute resolution mechanisms shall be promoted, subject to clause(3); keywords: resolution cache: Kenya_2010-1438.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-1438.txt item: #352 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-1441 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-1441 date: None words: 12 flesch: 46 summary: Traditional dispute resolution mechanisms shall not be used in a way that- keywords: dispute cache: Kenya_2010-1441.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-1441.txt item: #353 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-1442 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-1442 date: None words: 5 flesch: 83 summary: contravenes the Bill of Rights; keywords: rights cache: Kenya_2010-1442.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-1442.txt item: #354 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-1443 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-1443 date: None words: 18 flesch: 66 summary: is repugnant to justice and morality or results in outcomes that are repugnant to justice or morality; or keywords: justice cache: Kenya_2010-1443.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-1443.txt item: #355 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-1444 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-1444 date: None words: 9 flesch: 51 summary: is inconsistent with this Constitution or any written law. keywords: law cache: Kenya_2010-1444.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-1444.txt item: #356 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-2553 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-2553 date: None words: 3 flesch: 6 summary: marginalised community means- keywords: community cache: Kenya_2010-2553.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-2553.txt item: #357 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-2555 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-2555 date: None words: 33 flesch: 40 summary: a traditional community that, out of a need or desire to preserve its unique culture and identity from assimilation, has remained outside the integrated social and economic life of Kenya as a whole; keywords: community cache: Kenya_2010-2555.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-2555.txt item: #358 of 678 id: Kenya_2010-2556 author: Kenya_2010 title: Kenya_2010-2556 date: None words: 21 flesch: 44 summary: an indigenous community that has retained and maintained a traditional lifestyle and livelihood based on a hunter or gatherer economy; or keywords: economy cache: Kenya_2010-2556.txt plain text: Kenya_2010-2556.txt item: #359 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0044 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0044 date: None words: 44 flesch: 21 summary: International treaties to which the Kyrgyz Republic is a party that have entered into force under the established legal procedure and also the universally recognized principles and norms of international law shall be the constituent part of the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic. keywords: kyrgyz cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0044.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0044.txt item: #360 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0045 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0045 date: None words: 27 flesch: 25 summary: The procedure and modalities of application of international treaties as well as universally recognized principles and norms of the international law shall be defined in the law. keywords: law cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0045.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0045.txt item: #361 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0216 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0216 date: None words: 23 flesch: 65 summary: In the Kyrgyz Republic, folk customs and traditions which do not infringe upon human rights and freedoms shall be supported by the State. keywords: state cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0216.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0216.txt item: #362 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0223 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0223 date: None words: 39 flesch: 21 summary: Everyone shall be guaranteed judicial protection of his/her rights and freedoms envisaged in the present Constitution, laws, international treaties to which the Kyrgyz Republic is a party as well as universally recognized principles and norms of international law. keywords: law cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0223.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0223.txt item: #363 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0224 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0224 date: None words: 23 flesch: 58 summary: The state shall ensure the development of extrajudicial and pre-trial methods, forms and means to protect human and civil rights and freedoms. keywords: freedoms cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0224.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0224.txt item: #364 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0422 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0422 date: None words: 12 flesch: 3 summary: shall ratify and denunciate international treaties pursuant the procedures envisaged by law; keywords: law cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0422.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0422.txt item: #365 of 678 id: Kyrgyz_Republic-0629 author: Kyrgyz_Republic title: Kyrgyz_Republic-0629 date: None words: 21 flesch: 55 summary: shall conclude on the constitutionality of international treaties not entered into force and to which the Kyrgyz Republic is a party; keywords: party cache: Kyrgyz_Republic-0629.txt plain text: Kyrgyz_Republic-0629.txt item: #366 of 678 id: Liberia_1986-0013 author: Liberia_1986 title: Liberia_1986-0013 date: None words: 46 flesch: 40 summary: Any laws, treaties, statutes, decrees, customs and regulations found to be inconsistent with it shall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void and of no legal effect. The Supreme Court, pursuant to its power of judicial review, is empowered to declare any inconsistent laws unconstitutional. keywords: laws cache: Liberia_1986-0013.txt plain text: Liberia_1986-0013.txt item: #367 of 678 id: Liberia_1986-0022 author: Liberia_1986 title: Liberia_1986-0022 date: None words: 36 flesch: 38 summary: preserve, protect and promote positive Liberian culture, ensuring that traditional values which are compatible with public policy and national progress are adopted and developed as an integral part of the growing needs of the Liberian society; keywords: liberian cache: Liberia_1986-0022.txt plain text: Liberia_1986-0022.txt item: #368 of 678 id: Liberia_1986-0083 author: Liberia_1986 title: Liberia_1986-0083 date: None words: 40 flesch: 28 summary: The Legislature shall enact laws to govern the devolution of estates and establish rights of inheritance and descent for spouses of both statutory and customary marriages so as to give adequate protection to surviving spouses and children of such marriages. keywords: marriages cache: Liberia_1986-0083.txt plain text: Liberia_1986-0083.txt item: #369 of 678 id: Liberia_1986-0212 author: Liberia_1986 title: Liberia_1986-0212 date: None words: 90 flesch: 47 summary: The Judicial Power of the Republic shall be vested in a Supreme Court and such subordinate courts as the legislature may from time to time establish. Nothing in this Article shall prohibit administrative consideration of the Justiciable matter prior to review by a court of competent jurisdiction. keywords: court cache: Liberia_1986-0212.txt plain text: Liberia_1986-0212.txt item: #370 of 678 id: Malawi-0010 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0010 date: None words: 17 flesch: 60 summary: The Republic of Malawi is a sovereign State with rights and obligations under the Law of Nations. keywords: nations cache: Malawi-0010.txt plain text: Malawi-0010.txt item: #371 of 678 id: Malawi-0030 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0030 date: None words: 40 flesch: 24 summary: In the application and formulation of any Act of Parliament and in the application and development of the common law and customary law, the relevant organs of State shall have due regard to the principles and provisions of this Constitution. keywords: application cache: Malawi-0030.txt plain text: Malawi-0030.txt item: #372 of 678 id: Malawi-0036 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0036 date: None words: 16 flesch: 42 summary: where applicable, have regard to current norms of public international law and comparable foreign case law. keywords: law cache: Malawi-0036.txt plain text: Malawi-0036.txt item: #373 of 678 id: Malawi-0075 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0075 date: None words: 26 flesch: 37 summary: To govern in accordance with the law of nations and the rule of law and actively support the further development thereof in regional and international affairs. keywords: law cache: Malawi-0075.txt plain text: Malawi-0075.txt item: #374 of 678 id: Malawi-0116 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0116 date: None words: 20 flesch: 46 summary: Subsections (3) and (4) shall apply to all marriages at law, custom and marriages by repute or by permanent cohabitation. keywords: marriages cache: Malawi-0116.txt plain text: Malawi-0116.txt item: #375 of 678 id: Malawi-0140 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0140 date: None words: 35 flesch: 31 summary: Any law that discriminates against women on the basis of gender or marital status shall be invalid and legislation shall be passed to eliminate customs and practices that discriminate against women, particularly practices such as— keywords: practices cache: Malawi-0140.txt plain text: Malawi-0140.txt item: #376 of 678 id: Malawi-0141 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0141 date: None words: 5 flesch: 18 summary: sexual abuse, harassment and violence; keywords: violence cache: Malawi-0141.txt plain text: Malawi-0141.txt item: #377 of 678 id: Malawi-0142 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0142 date: None words: 8 flesch: 40 summary: discrimination in work, business and public affairs; and keywords: discrimination cache: Malawi-0142.txt plain text: Malawi-0142.txt item: #378 of 678 id: Malawi-0143 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0143 date: None words: 8 flesch: 18 summary: deprivation of property, including property obtained by inheritance. keywords: property cache: Malawi-0143.txt plain text: Malawi-0143.txt item: #379 of 678 id: Malawi-0698 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0698 date: None words: 16 flesch: 58 summary: Parliament may make provision for traditional or local courts presided over by lay persons or chiefs: keywords: parliament cache: Malawi-0698.txt plain text: Malawi-0698.txt item: #380 of 678 id: Malawi-0699 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0699 date: None words: 32 flesch: 52 summary: Provided that the jurisdiction of such courts shall be limited exclusively to civil cases at customary law and such minor common law and statutory offences as prescribed by an Act of Parliament. keywords: law cache: Malawi-0699.txt plain text: Malawi-0699.txt item: #381 of 678 id: Malawi-0705 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0705 date: None words: 12 flesch: 74 summary: For the purposes of this Chapter “judicial office” means the office of— keywords: office cache: Malawi-0705.txt plain text: Malawi-0705.txt item: #382 of 678 id: Malawi-0710 author: Malawi title: Malawi-0710 date: None words: 9 flesch: 56 summary: a person presiding over a traditional or local court. keywords: court cache: Malawi-0710.txt plain text: Malawi-0710.txt item: #383 of 678 id: Malawi-1252 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1252 date: None words: 48 flesch: 32 summary: Except in so far as they are inconsistent with this Constitution, all Acts of Parliament, common law and customary law in force on the appointed day shall continue to have force of law, as if they had been made in accordance with and in pursuance of this Constitution: keywords: law cache: Malawi-1252.txt plain text: Malawi-1252.txt item: #384 of 678 id: Malawi-1261 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1261 date: None words: 96 flesch: -25 summary: All legal actions which, at the commencement of this Constitution, are pending or being undertaken before any court other than before the Supreme Court of Appeal, the High Court, a Magistrate Court, a District Traditional Appeal Court, District Traditional Court, a Grade A Traditional Court, or a Grade B Traditional Court shall be commenced or continued before the High Court of Malawi or before such Magistrate’s court or District Traditional Appeal Court or District Traditional Court or Grade A Traditional Court or Grade B Traditional Court as the Registrar of the High Court shall direct. keywords: court cache: Malawi-1261.txt plain text: Malawi-1261.txt item: #385 of 678 id: Malawi-1263 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1263 date: None words: 79 flesch: -13 summary: All legal actions which, at the commencement of this Constitution, are pending or being undertaken before a District Traditional Appeal Court, a District Traditional Court, a Grade A Traditional Court or a Grade B Traditional Court before the commencement of this Constitution shall be commenced or continued before that court which shall have the same jurisdiction, powers and procedures as before the commencement of this Constitution subject to amendment or repeal of such powers by an Act of Parliament. keywords: court cache: Malawi-1263.txt plain text: Malawi-1263.txt item: #386 of 678 id: Malawi-1264 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1264 date: None words: 38 flesch: 39 summary: Appeals against the decisions of a District Traditional Appeal Court or a District Traditional Court shall lie to the High Court which, in hearing such appeals, may sit with assessors appointed in accordance with an Act of Parliament. keywords: court cache: Malawi-1264.txt plain text: Malawi-1264.txt item: #387 of 678 id: Malawi-1290 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1290 date: None words: 28 flesch: 48 summary: Any international agreement entered into after the commencement of this Constitution shall form part of the law of the Republic if so provided by an Act of Parliament. keywords: parliament cache: Malawi-1290.txt plain text: Malawi-1290.txt item: #388 of 678 id: Malawi-1291 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1291 date: None words: 25 flesch: 22 summary: Binding international agreements entered into before the commencement of this Constitution shall continue to bind the Republic unless otherwise provided by an Act of Parliament. keywords: parliament cache: Malawi-1291.txt plain text: Malawi-1291.txt item: #389 of 678 id: Malawi-1292 author: Malawi title: Malawi-1292 date: None words: 22 flesch: 34 summary: Customary international law, unless inconsistent with this Constitution or an Act of Parliament, shall form part of the law of the Republic. keywords: law cache: Malawi-1292.txt plain text: Malawi-1292.txt item: #390 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0062 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0062 date: None words: 32 flesch: 50 summary: In determining whether compensation for land rights is just, the High Court shall refer the matter to the Traditional Rights Court and shall give substantial weight to the opinion of the latter. keywords: court cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0062.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0062.txt item: #391 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0117 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0117 date: None words: 65 flesch: 21 summary: If, in any district, a person or group of persons becomes recognized, pursuant to the customary law or to any traditional practice, as having rights and obligations analogous to those of Iroijlaplap, that person, or a member of that group nominated by the group, shall be deemed to be eligible to be a member of the Council of Iroij as though he were an Iroijlaplap. keywords: group cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0117.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0117.txt item: #392 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0123 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0123 date: None words: 102 flesch: -15 summary: If, in the case of any district, there is for any reason no person eligible to be a member of the Council of Iroij in accordance with paragraphs (2) and (3) of this Section, the Council of Iroij shall as soon as practicable proceed, by resolution, to appoint as a member of the Council a person who, in the opinion of the Council, having regard to the customary law and traditional practice, is qualified by reason of his family ties to a person who, but for that reason, would have been eligible to be a member of the Council from that district. keywords: council cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0123.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0123.txt item: #393 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0130 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0130 date: None words: 9 flesch: 75 summary: The Council of Iroij shall have the following functions: keywords: functions cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0130.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0130.txt item: #394 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0132 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0132 date: None words: 42 flesch: 29 summary: the Council may request, in accordance with Section 3 of this Article, the reconsideration of any Bill affecting the customary law, or any traditional practice, or land tenure, or any related matter, which has been adopted on third reading by the Nitijela; keywords: nitijela cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0132.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0132.txt item: #395 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0136 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0136 date: None words: 72 flesch: 4 summary: The Council of Iroij may, within 7 days after the date of such transmittal, adopt a resolution expressing its opinion that a Bill so transmitted to the Council affects the customary law or a traditional practice, or land tenure, or a related matter, and requesting the Nitijela reconsider the Bill, or it may sooner, by writing signed by the Chairman of the Council, record its decision not to adopt any such resolution. keywords: council cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0136.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0136.txt item: #396 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0171 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0171 date: None words: 89 flesch: -6 summary: If, at any meeting of the Council of Iroij, or of any committee thereof or of any joint committee or joint conference, any member is absent, and is not represented by a deputy appointed by him, or the seat of any member is vacant, the Council of Iroij may, by resolution, appoint a person who, in the opinion of the Council, having regard to the customary law and any traditional practice, is qualified by reason of his family ties to that member to be his deputy at that meeting. keywords: council cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0171.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0171.txt item: #397 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0215 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0215 date: None words: 33 flesch: 45 summary: Narikrik, Erikub, Jemo, Taka, Bikar, Bokak, Rongrik and Ailinginae shall each be included in the electoral district with which it is most closely associated, pursuant to the customary law or any traditional practice. keywords: narikrik cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0215.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0215.txt item: #398 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0218 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0218 date: None words: 64 flesch: -2 summary: Any such amendment of paragraph (1) of this Section shall, so far as practicable, be made in accordance with the principle that every member of the Nitijela should represent approximately the same number of voters; but account shall also be taken of geographical features, community interests, the boundaries of existing administrative and recognized traditional areas, means of communication and density and mobility of population. keywords: population cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0218.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0218.txt item: #399 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0351 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0351 date: None words: 37 flesch: 38 summary: No treaty or other international agreement which is finally accepted by or on behalf of the Republic on or after the effective date of this Constitution shall, of itself, have the force of law in the Republic. keywords: republic cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0351.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0351.txt item: #400 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0408 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0408 date: None words: 76 flesch: 0 summary: The judicial power of the Republic of the Marshall Islands shall be independent of the legislative and executive powers and shall be vested in a Supreme Court, a High Court, a Traditional Rights Court, and such District Courts, Community Courts and other subordinate courts as are created by law, each of these courts possessing such jurisdiction and power and proceeding under such rules as may be prescribed by law consistent with the provisions of this Article. keywords: courts cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0408.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0408.txt item: #401 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0430 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0430 date: None words: 73 flesch: 13 summary: The Traditional Rights Court shall be a court of record; shall consist of panels of 3 or more judges selected so as to include a fair representation of all classes of land rights, including, where applicable, the Iroijlaplap, Iroijedrik, Alap and Dri Jerbal; and shall sit at such times and places and be chosen on such a geographical basis, as to ensure fair and knowledgeable exercise of the jurisdiction conferred by this Section. keywords: rights cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0430.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0430.txt item: #402 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0431 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0431 date: None words: 39 flesch: 43 summary: The size, membership and procedures of the Traditional Rights Court shall be consistent with paragraph (1) of this Section, and shall be determined by the High Court unless and until the Nitijela makes provision for those matters by Act. keywords: court cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0431.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0431.txt item: #403 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0432 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0432 date: None words: 44 flesch: 21 summary: The jurisdiction of the Traditional Rights Court shall be limited to the determination of questions relating to titles or to land rights or to other legal interests depending wholly or partly on customary law and traditional practice in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. keywords: rights cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0432.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0432.txt item: #404 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0433 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0433 date: None words: 49 flesch: 22 summary: The jurisdiction of the Traditional Rights Court may be invoked as of right upon application by a party to a pending judicial proceeding; but only if the court in which such proceeding is pending certifies that a substantial question has arisen within the jurisdiction of the Traditional Rights Court. keywords: court cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0433.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0433.txt item: #405 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0434 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0434 date: None words: 54 flesch: 11 summary: When a question has been certified to the Traditional Rights Court for its determination under paragraph (4), its resolution of the question shall be given substantial weight in the certifying court's disposition of the legal controversy before it; but shall not be deemed binding unless the certifying court concludes that justice so requires. keywords: court cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0434.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0434.txt item: #406 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0441 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0441 date: None words: 5 flesch: 32 summary: The Judicial Service Commission shall keywords: service cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0441.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0441.txt item: #407 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0444 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0444 date: None words: 21 flesch: 71 summary: appoint and remove judges of the subordinate courts, and of the Traditional Rights Court if authorized to do so by Act; keywords: act cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0444.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0444.txt item: #408 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0571 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0571 date: None words: 48 flesch: 24 summary: Nothing in Article II shall be construed to invalidate the customary law or any traditional practice concerning land tenure or any related matter in any part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, including, where applicable, the rights and obligations of the Iroijlaplap, Iroijedrik, Alap and Dri Jerbal. keywords: jerbal cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0571.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0571.txt item: #409 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0572 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0572 date: None words: 112 flesch: -34 summary: Without prejudice to the continued application of the customary law pursuant to Section 1 of Article XIII, and subject to the customary law or to any traditional practice in any part of the Republic, it shall not be lawful or competent for any person having any right in any land in the Republic under the customary law or any traditional practice to make any alienation or disposition of that land, whether by way of sale, mortgage, lease, license or otherwise, without the approval of the Iroijlaplap, Iroijedrik, where necessary, Alap and the Senior Dri Jerbal of such land, who shall be deemed to represent all persons having an interest in that land. keywords: land cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0572.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0572.txt item: #410 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0574 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0574 date: None words: 27 flesch: 38 summary: Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed so as to preclude its application to every place within the traditional boundaries of the archipelago of the Marshall Islands. keywords: islands cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0574.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0574.txt item: #411 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0576 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0576 date: None words: 77 flesch: 32 summary: The customary law so declared may include any provisions which, in the opinion of the Nitijela, are necessary or desirable to supplement the established rules of customary law or to take account of any traditional practice. In the exercise of its legislative functions, it shall be the responsibility of the Nitijela, whenever and to the extent considered appropriate, to declare, by Act, the customary law in the Republic of the Marshall Islands or in any part thereof. keywords: law cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0576.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0576.txt item: #412 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0665 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0665 date: None words: 25 flesch: 52 summary: customary law means any custom having the force of law in the Republic of the Marshall Islands; and includes any Act declaring the customary law; keywords: law cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0665.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0665.txt item: #413 of 678 id: Marshall_Islands_1995-0672 author: Marshall_Islands_1995 title: Marshall_Islands_1995-0672 date: None words: 19 flesch: 62 summary: land rights means any right in any land in the Republic under the customary law or any traditional practice; keywords: land cache: Marshall_Islands_1995-0672.txt plain text: Marshall_Islands_1995-0672.txt item: #414 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0012 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0012 date: None words: 19 flesch: 18 summary: Consciousness of indigenous identity will be the fundamental criteria to determine to whom apply the provisions on indigenous people. keywords: consciousness cache: Mexico_2015-0012.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0012.txt item: #415 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0013 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0013 date: None words: 30 flesch: 29 summary: An indigenous community is defined as the community that constitutes a cultural, economic and social unit settled in a territory and that recognizes its own authorities, according to their customs. keywords: community cache: Mexico_2015-0013.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0013.txt item: #416 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0014 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0014 date: None words: 53 flesch: 18 summary: Indigenous people’s right to self-determination shall be subjected to the Constitution in order to guarantee national unity. States’ and Federal District’s constitutions and laws must recognize indigenous peoples and communities, taking into account the general principles established in the previous paragraphs, as well as ethnic-linguistic and land settlement criteria. keywords: unity cache: Mexico_2015-0014.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0014.txt item: #417 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0015 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0015 date: None words: 22 flesch: 46 summary: This Constitution recognizes and protects the indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination and, consequently, the right to autonomy, so that they can: keywords: right cache: Mexico_2015-0015.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0015.txt item: #418 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0016 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0016 date: None words: 15 flesch: 11 summary: Decide their internal forms of coexistence, as well their social, economic, political and cultural organization. keywords: organization cache: Mexico_2015-0016.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0016.txt item: #419 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0017 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0017 date: None words: 52 flesch: 42 summary: The law shall establish the way in which judges and courts will validate the aforementioned regulations. Apply their own legal systems to regulate and solve their internal conflicts, subjected to the general principles of this Constitution, respecting the fundamental rights, the human rights and, above all, the dignity and safety of women. keywords: rights cache: Mexico_2015-0017.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0017.txt item: #420 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0018 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0018 date: None words: 97 flesch: 11 summary: Elect, in accordance with their traditional rules, procedures and customs, their authorities or representatives to exercise their own form of internal government, guaranteeing the right to vote and being voted of indigenous women and men under equitable condition; as well as to guarantee the access to public office or elected positions to those citizens that have been elected or designated within a framework that respects the federal pact and the sovereignty of the states. In no case the communitarian practices shall limit the electoral or political rights of the citizens in the election of their municipal authorities. keywords: authorities cache: Mexico_2015-0018.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0018.txt item: #421 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0019 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0019 date: None words: 16 flesch: 58 summary: Preserve and enrich their languages, knowledge and all the elements that constitute their culture and identity. keywords: identity cache: Mexico_2015-0019.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0019.txt item: #422 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0020 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0020 date: None words: 11 flesch: 34 summary: Maintain and improve their environment and lands, according to this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Mexico_2015-0020.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0020.txt item: #423 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0021 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0021 date: None words: 74 flesch: 41 summary: To achieve these goals, indigenous communities may form partnerships under the terms established by the Law. Attain with preferential use of the natural resources of the sites inhabited by their indigenous communities, except for the strategic resources defined by this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Mexico_2015-0021.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0021.txt item: #424 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0022 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0022 date: None words: 13 flesch: -14 summary: Elect indigenous representatives for the town council in those municipalities with indigenous population. keywords: population cache: Mexico_2015-0022.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0022.txt item: #425 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0023 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0023 date: None words: 34 flesch: 0 summary: The constitutions and laws of the States shall recognize and regulate these rights in the municipalities, with the purpose of strengthening indigenous peoples’ participation and political representation, in accordance with their traditions and regulations. keywords: regulations cache: Mexico_2015-0023.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0023.txt item: #426 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0024 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0024 date: None words: 63 flesch: 41 summary: Have full access to State jurisdiction. Indigenous people have, at all times, the right to be assisted by interpreters and counsels, who are familiar to their language and culture. keywords: right cache: Mexico_2015-0024.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0024.txt item: #427 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0025 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0025 date: None words: 51 flesch: 15 summary: The constitutions and laws of the States and the Federal District shall establish those elements of self-determination and autonomy that may best express the conditions and aspirations of indigenous peoples in each State, as well as the rules, according to which indigenous communities will be defined as public interest entities. keywords: entities cache: Mexico_2015-0025.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0025.txt item: #428 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0026 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0026 date: None words: 56 flesch: 10 summary: In order to promote equal opportunities for indigenous people and to eliminate discriminatory practices, the Federation, the Federal District, the States and the local councils shall establish the necessary institutions and policies to guarantee indigenous people’s rights and comprehensive development of indigenous communities. Such institutions and policies shall be designed and operated together with them. keywords: institutions cache: Mexico_2015-0026.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0026.txt item: #429 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0318 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0318 date: None words: 11 flesch: 72 summary: The law shall protect the wholeness of the indigenous groups’ lands. keywords: lands cache: Mexico_2015-0318.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0318.txt item: #430 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-0320 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-0320 date: None words: 126 flesch: 51 summary: The law shall also set forth the requirements and procedures whereby the cooperative assembly shall grant their members private rights over land. The law shall establish the procedures whereby the members of a cooperative and indigenous people may: associate among themselves or with the State or with third parties; grant the use of their lands; transfer their land rights to other members of their rural community, in the event of farming cooperative. keywords: law cache: Mexico_2015-0320.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-0320.txt item: #431 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-1134 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-1134 date: None words: 32 flesch: 39 summary: Thirty-three percent of the members of the Senate against federal laws or laws enacted by the Congress and applicable to Federal District, or against international treaties signed by the Mexican State. keywords: laws cache: Mexico_2015-1134.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-1134.txt item: #432 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-1139 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-1139 date: None words: 100 flesch: 7 summary: The National Human Rights Commission, against federal or state laws or laws enacted by the Federal District Government; as well as law against international treaties signed by the President of the Republic and approved by the Senate, which hamper the human rights system established in this Constitution and in the international treaties that Mexico has ratified. Likewise, the human right protection organs, equivalent to the National Commission for Human Rights in the federal entities against local legislation issued by the Local Congress and the Federal District Commission for Human Rights against the laws issued by the Federal District Legislative Assembly. keywords: human cache: Mexico_2015-1139.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-1139.txt item: #433 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-1140 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-1140 date: None words: 94 flesch: 13 summary: The National Transparency Agency [organo garante] established in the 6th Article of this Constitution against federal, local laws and laws of the Federal District, as well as international treaties signed by the Federal Executive and approved by the Senate when these diminish the right of access to information and the protection of personal data. Likewise, the local transparency agencies [organos garantes locales] may present an unconstitutional inquiry against the local laws enacted by the State Legislatures or the Federal District Transparency Agency can do so against the laws enacted by the Federal District Assembly. keywords: laws cache: Mexico_2015-1140.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-1140.txt item: #434 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-1292 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-1292 date: None words: 24 flesch: 13 summary: Indigenous communities belonging to the same municipality can also coordinate their activities and collaborate according to the law and for the purposes indicated thereof. keywords: purposes cache: Mexico_2015-1292.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-1292.txt item: #435 of 678 id: Mexico_2015-1653 author: Mexico_2015 title: Mexico_2015-1653 date: None words: 73 flesch: 45 summary: The judges of each state shall observe the Constitution, the laws derived from it and the treaties, despite any contradictory provision that may appear in the constitutions or laws of the states. This Constitution, the laws derived from and enacted by the Congress of the Union, and all the treaties made and execute by the President of the Republic, with the approval of the Senate, shall be the supreme law of the country. keywords: laws cache: Mexico_2015-1653.txt plain text: Mexico_2015-1653.txt item: #436 of 678 id: Micronesia-0061 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0061 date: None words: 50 flesch: 15 summary: Nothing in this Constitution takes away a role or function of a traditional leader as recognized by custom and tradition, or prevents a traditional leader from being recognized, honored, and given formal or functional roles at any level of government as may be prescribed by this Constitution or by statute. keywords: leader cache: Micronesia-0061.txt plain text: Micronesia-0061.txt item: #437 of 678 id: Micronesia-0063 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0063 date: None words: 38 flesch: 33 summary: If challenged as violative of Article IV, protection of Micronesian tradition shall be considered a compelling social purpose warranting such governmental action. The traditions of the people of the Federated States of Micronesia may be protected by statute. keywords: traditions cache: Micronesia-0063.txt plain text: Micronesia-0063.txt item: #438 of 678 id: Micronesia-0065 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0065 date: None words: 47 flesch: 38 summary: The Congress may establish, when needed, a Chamber of Chiefs consisting of traditional leaders from each state having such leaders, and of elected representatives from states having no traditional leaders. The constitution of a state having traditional leaders may provide for an active, functional role for them. keywords: leaders cache: Micronesia-0065.txt plain text: Micronesia-0065.txt item: #439 of 678 id: Micronesia-0085 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0085 date: None words: 8 flesch: 50 summary: The following powers are expressly delegated to Congress: keywords: congress cache: Micronesia-0085.txt plain text: Micronesia-0085.txt item: #440 of 678 id: Micronesia-0101 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0101 date: None words: 15 flesch: 44 summary: to define national crimes and prescribe penalties, having due regard for local custom and tradition; keywords: tradition cache: Micronesia-0101.txt plain text: Micronesia-0101.txt item: #441 of 678 id: Micronesia-0209 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0209 date: None words: 37 flesch: 34 summary: Court decisions shall be consistent with this Constitution, Micronesian customs and traditions, and the social and geographical configuration of Micronesia. In rendering a decision a court shall consult and apply sources of the Federated States of Micronesia. keywords: micronesia cache: Micronesia-0209.txt plain text: Micronesia-0209.txt item: #442 of 678 id: Micronesia-0258 author: Micronesia title: Micronesia-0258 date: None words: 67 flesch: 32 summary: If a provision of this Constitution is held to be in fundamental conflict with the United Nations Charter or the Trusteeship Agreement between the United States of America and the United Nations, the provision does not become effective until the date of termination of the Trusteeship Agreement. This Constitution takes effect 1 year after ratification unless the Congress of Micronesia by joint resolution specifies an earlier date. keywords: united cache: Micronesia-0258.txt plain text: Micronesia-0258.txt item: #443 of 678 id: Mozambique-0067 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0067 date: None words: 35 flesch: 2 summary: The Republic of Mozambique shall establish relations of friendship and cooperation with other States on the basis of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, equality, non-interference in internal affairs and reciprocity of benefits. keywords: benefits cache: Mozambique-0067.txt plain text: Mozambique-0067.txt item: #444 of 678 id: Mozambique-0068 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0068 date: None words: 28 flesch: 54 summary: The Republic of Mozambique shall accept, observe and apply the principles of the Charter of the United Nations and of the Charter of the Organisation of African Unity. keywords: charter cache: Mozambique-0068.txt plain text: Mozambique-0068.txt item: #445 of 678 id: Mozambique-0070 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0070 date: None words: 33 flesch: 29 summary: Validly approved and ratified International treaties and agreements shall enter into force in the Mozambican legal order once they have been officially published and while they are internationally binding on the Mozambican State. keywords: state cache: Mozambique-0070.txt plain text: Mozambique-0070.txt item: #446 of 678 id: Mozambique-0071 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0071 date: None words: 39 flesch: 26 summary: Norms of international law shall have the same force in the Mozambican legal order as have infra-constitutional legislative acts of the Assembly of the Republic and the Government, according to the respective manner in which they are received. keywords: norms cache: Mozambique-0071.txt plain text: Mozambique-0071.txt item: #447 of 678 id: Mozambique-0162 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0162 date: None words: 32 flesch: 31 summary: The constitutional principles in respect of fundamental rights shall be interpreted and integrated in harmony with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and with the African Charter of Human and Peoples Rights. keywords: rights cache: Mozambique-0162.txt plain text: Mozambique-0162.txt item: #448 of 678 id: Mozambique-0468 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0468 date: None words: 19 flesch: 36 summary: The State shall recognise and esteem traditional authority that is legitimate according to the people and to customary law. keywords: law cache: Mozambique-0468.txt plain text: Mozambique-0468.txt item: #449 of 678 id: Mozambique-0469 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0469 date: None words: 35 flesch: 23 summary: The State shall define the relationship between traditional authority and other institutions and the part that traditional authority should play in the economic, social and cultural affairs of the country, in accordance with the law. keywords: authority cache: Mozambique-0469.txt plain text: Mozambique-0469.txt item: #450 of 678 id: Mozambique-0474 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-0474 date: None words: 24 flesch: 34 summary: The law shall establish forms in which traditional and religious marriage shall be esteemed, and determine the registration requirements and effects of such marriage. keywords: marriage cache: Mozambique-0474.txt plain text: Mozambique-0474.txt item: #451 of 678 id: Mozambique-1034 author: Mozambique title: Mozambique-1034 date: None words: 18 flesch: 42 summary: There may be administrative courts, labour courts, fiscal courts, customs courts, admiralty courts, arbitration courts and community courts. keywords: courts cache: Mozambique-1034.txt plain text: Mozambique-1034.txt item: #452 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-0143 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-0143 date: None words: 33 flesch: 57 summary: No treaty between the Federation and any other country shall have the force of law except to the extent to which any such treaty has been enacted into law by the National Assembly. keywords: treaty cache: Nigeria_2011-0143.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-0143.txt item: #453 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-0144 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-0144 date: None words: 31 flesch: 38 summary: The National Assembly may make laws for the Federation or any part thereof with respect to matters not included in the Exclusive Legislative List for the purpose of implementing a treaty. keywords: treaty cache: Nigeria_2011-0144.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-0144.txt item: #454 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1406 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1406 date: None words: 49 flesch: 51 summary: such number of Justices of the Court of Appeal, not less than forty-nine of which not less than three shall be learned in Islamic personal law, and not less than three shall be learned in Customary law, as may be prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly. keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1406.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1406.txt item: #455 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1454 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1454 date: None words: 53 flesch: 33 summary: An appeal shall lie from decisions of a customary Court of Appeal to the Court of Appeal as of right in any civil proceedings before the customary Court of Appeal with respect to any question of Customary law and such other matters as may be prescribed by an Act of the National Assembly. keywords: appeal cache: Nigeria_2011-1454.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1454.txt item: #456 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1471 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1471 date: None words: 22 flesch: 72 summary: a Customary Court of Appeal, if it consists of not less than three Justices of Court of Appeal learned in Customary law. keywords: appeal cache: Nigeria_2011-1471.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1471.txt item: #457 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1624 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1624 date: None words: 43 flesch: 29 summary: he is a legal practitioner in Nigeria and has been so qualified for a period of not less than ten years and, in the opinion of the National Judicial Council he has considerable knowledge and experience in the practice of Customary law; or keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1624.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1624.txt item: #458 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1625 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1625 date: None words: 21 flesch: 36 summary: in the opinion of the National Judicial Council he has considerable knowledge of and experience in the practice of Customary law. keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1625.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1625.txt item: #459 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1628 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1628 date: None words: 44 flesch: 10 summary: The Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja shall, in addition to such other jurisdiction as may be conferred upon by an Act of The National Assembly Exercise such appellate and supervisory jurisdiction in civil proceedings involving questions of Customary law. keywords: jurisdiction cache: Nigeria_2011-1628.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1628.txt item: #460 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1686 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1686 date: None words: 44 flesch: 29 summary: he is a legal practitioner in Nigeria and he has been so qualified for a period of not less than ten years and In the opinion of the National Judicial Council he has considerable knowledge and experience in the practice of Customary law; or keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1686.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1686.txt item: #461 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1687 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1687 date: None words: 21 flesch: 36 summary: in the opinion of the National Judicial Council he has considerable knowledge of and experience in the practice of Customary law. keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1687.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1687.txt item: #462 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1691 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1691 date: None words: 22 flesch: 26 summary: A Customary Court of Appeal of a State shall exercise appellate and supervisory jurisdiction in civil proceedings involve questions of Customary law. keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1691.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1691.txt item: #463 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1723 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1723 date: None words: 62 flesch: 22 summary: In exercising his powers under the foregoing provisions of this Chapter in respect of appointments to the offices of Justices of the Supreme court and Justices of the Court of Appeal, the President shall have regard to the need to ensure that there are among the holders of such offices persons learned in Islamic personal law and persons learned in Customary law. keywords: law cache: Nigeria_2011-1723.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1723.txt item: #464 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-1726 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-1726 date: None words: 85 flesch: 5 summary: a person shall be deemed to be learned in Customary law if he is a legal practitioner in Nigeria and has been so qualified for a period of not less than fifteen years in the case of a Justice of the Supreme Court or not less than twelve years in the case of a Justice of the Court of Appeal and has in either case and in the opinion of the National Judicial Council considerable knowledge of and experience in the practice of Customary law. keywords: case cache: Nigeria_2011-1726.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-1726.txt item: #465 of 678 id: Nigeria_2011-2146 author: Nigeria_2011 title: Nigeria_2011-2146 date: None words: 21 flesch: 8 summary: The formation, annulment and dissolution of marriages other than marriages under Islamic law and Customary law including matrimonial causes relating thereto. keywords: marriages cache: Nigeria_2011-2146.txt plain text: Nigeria_2011-2146.txt item: #466 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0468 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0468 date: None words: 38 flesch: 41 summary: For the purposes of determining whether or not any law, matter or thing is reasonably justified in a democratic society that has a proper regard for the rights and dignity of mankind, a court may have regard to- keywords: regard cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0468.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0468.txt item: #467 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0470 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0470 date: None words: 7 flesch: 103 summary: the Charter of the United Nations; and keywords: united cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0470.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0470.txt item: #468 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0471 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0471 date: None words: 28 flesch: 18 summary: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and any other declaration, recommendation or decision of the General Assembly of the United Nations concerning human rights and fundamental freedoms; and keywords: rights cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0471.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0471.txt item: #469 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0472 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0472 date: None words: 31 flesch: 17 summary: the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the Protocols thereto, and any other international conventions, agreements or declarations concerning human rights and fundamental freedoms; and keywords: freedoms cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0472.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0472.txt item: #470 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0552 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0552 date: None words: 24 flesch: 41 summary: A reference in this section to religion includes a reference to the traditional religious beliefs and customs of the peoples of Papua New Guinea. keywords: reference cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0552.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0552.txt item: #471 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0621 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0621 date: None words: 9 flesch: 37 summary: Nothing in the preceding provisions of this section prevents- keywords: section cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0621.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0621.txt item: #472 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0629 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0629 date: None words: 13 flesch: 50 summary: any taking of possession or acquisition that is in accordance with custom; or keywords: taking cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0629.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0629.txt item: #473 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0630 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0630 date: None words: 16 flesch: 37 summary: any taking of possession or acquisition of ownerless or abandoned property (other than customary land); or keywords: taking cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0630.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0630.txt item: #474 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0639 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0639 date: None words: 32 flesch: 42 summary: for the settlement by extra-judicial means of disputes as to the ownership of customary land that appear not to be capable of being reasonably settled in practice by judicial means; or keywords: means cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0639.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0639.txt item: #475 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0775 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0775 date: None words: 26 flesch: 73 summary: be in a marriage that is not a marriage under Papua New Guinean custom but is otherwise genuine and valid under Papua New Guinea laws; and keywords: marriage cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0775.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0775.txt item: #476 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-0892 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-0892 date: None words: 15 flesch: 39 summary: In Subsection (1), a reference to adoption includes a reference to an adoption by custom. keywords: adoption cache: Papua_New_Guinea-0892.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-0892.txt item: #477 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-1162 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-1162 date: None words: 56 flesch: 32 summary: Notwithstanding the consent of Papua New Guinea to be bound as a party to a treaty, no treaty forms part of the municipal law of Papua New Guinea unless, and then only to the extent that, it is given the status of municipal law by or under a Constitutional Law or an Act of the Parliament. keywords: law cache: Papua_New_Guinea-1162.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-1162.txt item: #478 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-1546 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-1546 date: None words: 26 flesch: 34 summary: Courts established under Subsection (1) may include courts intended to deal with matters primarily by reference to custom or in accordance with customary procedures, or both. keywords: courts cache: Papua_New_Guinea-1546.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-1546.txt item: #479 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-2702 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-2702 date: None words: 28 flesch: 12 summary: Any differences between the National Government and the Bougainville Government arising from generally accepted rules of international law shall be resolved in accordance with the dispute resolution procedure. keywords: government cache: Papua_New_Guinea-2702.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-2702.txt item: #480 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3164 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3164 date: None words: 48 flesch: 22 summary: custom means the customs and usages of indigenous inhabitants of the country existing in relation to the matter in question at the time when and the place in relation to which the matter arises, regardless of whether or not the custom or usage has existed from time immemorial; keywords: custom cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3164.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3164.txt item: #481 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3311 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3311 date: None words: 21 flesch: 56 summary: Subject to Subsections (2) and (3), custom is adopted, and shall be applied and enforced, as part of the underlying law. keywords: law cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3311.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3311.txt item: #482 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3312 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3312 date: None words: 35 flesch: 35 summary: Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of any custom that is, and to the extent that it is, inconsistent with a Constitutional Law or a statute, or repugnant to the general principles of humanity. keywords: subsection cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3312.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3312.txt item: #483 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3313 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3313 date: None words: 6 flesch: 87 summary: An Act of the Parliament may- keywords: act cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3313.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3313.txt item: #484 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3314 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3314 date: None words: 12 flesch: 94 summary: provide for the proof and pleading of custom for any purpose; and keywords: purpose cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3314.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3314.txt item: #485 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3315 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3315 date: None words: 18 flesch: 61 summary: regulate the manner in which, or the purposes for which, custom may be recognized, applied or enforced; and keywords: manner cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3315.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3315.txt item: #486 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3316 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3316 date: None words: 8 flesch: 65 summary: provide for the resolution of conflicts of custom. keywords: custom cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3316.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3316.txt item: #487 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3319 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3319 date: None words: 46 flesch: 36 summary: Subject to this Part, the principles and rules that formed, immediately before Independence Day, the principles and rules of common law and equity in England are adopted, and shall be applied and enforced, as part of the underlying law, except if, and to the extent that- keywords: rules cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3319.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3319.txt item: #488 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3334 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3334 date: None words: 11 flesch: 64 summary: to analogies to be drawn from relevant statutes and customs; and keywords: analogies cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3334.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3334.txt item: #489 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3382 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3382 date: None words: 21 flesch: 63 summary: is inconsistent with any custom that is part of the underlying law and is applicable in relation to the matter; or keywords: matter cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3382.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3382.txt item: #490 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3387 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3387 date: None words: 55 flesch: 31 summary: Subject to any decision of law that is binding upon it, in over-ruling a decision of law or in making a decision of law that is contrary to previous practice, doctrine or accepted custom, a court may, for a special reason, apply its decision of law only to situations occurring after the new decision. keywords: decision cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3387.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3387.txt item: #491 of 678 id: Papua_New_Guinea-3388 author: Papua_New_Guinea title: Papua_New_Guinea-3388 date: None words: 52 flesch: 32 summary: In the circumstances described by Subsection (1), a court may apply to a situation a decision of law that was over-ruled after the occurrence of the situation, or a practice, doctrine or custom that was current or accepted at the time of the occurrence of any relevant transaction, act or event. keywords: occurrence cache: Papua_New_Guinea-3388.txt plain text: Papua_New_Guinea-3388.txt item: #492 of 678 id: Paraguay-0203 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0203 date: None words: 26 flesch: 34 summary: This Constitution recognizes the existence of the indigenous peoples, defined as groups of [a] culture prior to the formation and the organization of the Paraguayan State. keywords: state cache: Paraguay-0203.txt plain text: Paraguay-0203.txt item: #493 of 678 id: Paraguay-0205 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0205 date: None words: 86 flesch: 30 summary: Concerning conflicts of jurisdiction the indigenous customary right will be taken into account. [convivencia], as long as they do not infringe upon the fundamental rights established in this Constitution. keywords: right cache: Paraguay-0205.txt plain text: Paraguay-0205.txt item: #494 of 678 id: Paraguay-0207 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0207 date: None words: 69 flesch: 32 summary: [propiedad comunitaria], in [an] extension and quality sufficient for the preservation and the development of their particular [peculiares] forms of lifestyles. The State will provide them gratuitously with these lands, which will be non-seizable [inembargables], indivisible, non-transferrable, imprescriptible, not susceptible to guarantee contractual obligations nor to be leased; likewise, they will be exempt from taxes. keywords: peculiares cache: Paraguay-0207.txt plain text: Paraguay-0207.txt item: #495 of 678 id: Paraguay-0208 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0208 date: None words: 17 flesch: 45 summary: The removal or transfer of [the indigenous peoples] from their habitat without their express consent is prohibited. keywords: removal cache: Paraguay-0208.txt plain text: Paraguay-0208.txt item: #496 of 678 id: Paraguay-0210 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0210 date: None words: 34 flesch: 25 summary: The right to participate in the economic, social, political and cultural life of the country, is guaranteed to the Indigenous peoples in accordance with their customary uses, of the Constitution, and the national laws. keywords: laws cache: Paraguay-0210.txt plain text: Paraguay-0210.txt item: #497 of 678 id: Paraguay-0212 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0212 date: None words: 42 flesch: -3 summary: In addition, their defense against demographic regression, the depredation of their habitat, environmental contamination, economic exploitation, and cultural alienation[,] will be attended to. The State will respect the cultural particulars [peculiaridades] of the indigenous peoples, especially in that related to formal education. keywords: particulars cache: Paraguay-0212.txt plain text: Paraguay-0212.txt item: #498 of 678 id: Paraguay-0214 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0214 date: None words: 29 flesch: 43 summary: The members of the indigenous peoples are exonerated from providing [prestar] [the] social, civil or military services, as well as from the public responsibilities [cargas] established by the law. keywords: law cache: Paraguay-0214.txt plain text: Paraguay-0214.txt item: #499 of 678 id: Paraguay-0452 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0452 date: None words: 50 flesch: 30 summary: [The Constitution], the treaties, conventions and international agreements approved and ratified, the laws dictated by the Congress and other juridical provisions of inferior hierarchy, sanctioned in consequence, integrate the positive national law The supreme law of the Republic is the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Paraguay-0452.txt plain text: Paraguay-0452.txt item: #500 of 678 id: Paraguay-0455 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0455 date: None words: 17 flesch: 45 summary: All the provisions or acts of authority opposed to that established in this Constitution lack validity [validez]. keywords: validez cache: Paraguay-0455.txt plain text: Paraguay-0455.txt item: #501 of 678 id: Paraguay-0470 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0470 date: None words: 34 flesch: 20 summary: International treaties validly celebrated, approved by [a] law of the Congress, and whose instruments of ratification were exchanged or deposited, are part of the internal legal order with the hierarchy determined in Article 137. keywords: treaties cache: Paraguay-0470.txt plain text: Paraguay-0470.txt item: #502 of 678 id: Paraguay-0485 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0485 date: None words: 7 flesch: 34 summary: Of the Supranational Juridical Order Article 145. keywords: article cache: Paraguay-0485.txt plain text: Paraguay-0485.txt item: #503 of 678 id: Paraguay-0486 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0486 date: None words: 39 flesch: 13 summary: The Republic of Paraguay, in conditions of equality with other States, admits a supranational juridical order which guarantees the enforcement of human rights, of peace, of justice, of cooperation and of development, in political, economic, social and cultural [matters]. keywords: matters cache: Paraguay-0486.txt plain text: Paraguay-0486.txt item: #504 of 678 id: Paraguay-0487 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0487 date: None words: 16 flesch: 58 summary: Those decisions can only be adopted by the absolute majority of each Chamber of the Congress. keywords: congress cache: Paraguay-0487.txt plain text: Paraguay-0487.txt item: #505 of 678 id: Paraguay-0994 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0994 date: None words: 10 flesch: 44 summary: [The following] are duties and attributions of the Public Ministry: keywords: ministry cache: Paraguay-0994.txt plain text: Paraguay-0994.txt item: #506 of 678 id: Paraguay-0996 author: Paraguay title: Paraguay-0996 date: None words: 28 flesch: 33 summary: to promote public penal action to defend the public and social patrimony, the environment and other various [difusos] interests, as well as the rights of the Indigenous Peoples; keywords: peoples cache: Paraguay-0996.txt plain text: Paraguay-0996.txt item: #507 of 678 id: Peru-0243 author: Peru title: Peru-0243 date: None words: 13 flesch: 76 summary: Treaties formalized by the State and in force are part of national law. keywords: treaties cache: Peru-0243.txt plain text: Peru-0243.txt item: #508 of 678 id: Peru-0252 author: Peru title: Peru-0252 date: None words: 38 flesch: 45 summary: The President of the Republic may formalize or ratify treaties or accede to them without previous approval by the Congress in matters not contemplated in the preceding article. In all such cases, the President must notify the Congress. keywords: congress cache: Peru-0252.txt plain text: Peru-0252.txt item: #509 of 678 id: Peru-0253 author: Peru title: Peru-0253 date: None words: 29 flesch: 34 summary: When a treaty affects constitutional provisions, it must be approved by the same procedure established to reform the Constitution prior to its ratification by the President of the Republic. keywords: republic cache: Peru-0253.txt plain text: Peru-0253.txt item: #510 of 678 id: Peru-0254 author: Peru title: Peru-0254 date: None words: 37 flesch: 46 summary: In the case of treaties subject to approval by Congress, such denunciation requires its previous approval. Denunciation of treaties is within the power of the President of the Republic, who has the duty to notify the Congress. keywords: congress cache: Peru-0254.txt plain text: Peru-0254.txt item: #511 of 678 id: Peru-0362 author: Peru title: Peru-0362 date: None words: 12 flesch: 32 summary: The rural and native communities have legal existence and are corporate entities. keywords: entities cache: Peru-0362.txt plain text: Peru-0362.txt item: #512 of 678 id: Peru-0364 author: Peru title: Peru-0364 date: None words: 12 flesch: 53 summary: The State respects the cultural identity of the rural and native communities. keywords: communities cache: Peru-0364.txt plain text: Peru-0364.txt item: #513 of 678 id: Peru-0598 author: Peru title: Peru-0598 date: None words: 15 flesch: 44 summary: The principle of never failing to administrate justice, despite loopholes or deficiencies in the law. keywords: law cache: Peru-0598.txt plain text: Peru-0598.txt item: #514 of 678 id: Peru-0599 author: Peru title: Peru-0599 date: None words: 14 flesch: 71 summary: In such cases, the general principles of law and customary law must be applied. keywords: law cache: Peru-0599.txt plain text: Peru-0599.txt item: #515 of 678 id: Peru-0646 author: Peru title: Peru-0646 date: None words: 57 flesch: 32 summary: Authorities of rural and native communities, in conjunction with the peasant patrols, may exercise jurisdictional functions at the territorial level in accordance with common law, provided they do not violate the fundamental rights of the individual. The law provides forms for coordination of such jurisdiction with Justices of the Peace and other bodies of the Judicial Branch. keywords: law cache: Peru-0646.txt plain text: Peru-0646.txt item: #516 of 678 id: Peru-0932 author: Peru title: Peru-0932 date: None words: 36 flesch: 24 summary: Rules concerning the rights and freedoms recognized by this Constitution are construed in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the international treaties and agreements regarding those rights that have been ratified by Peru. keywords: rights cache: Peru-0932.txt plain text: Peru-0932.txt item: #517 of 678 id: Peru-0968 author: Peru title: Peru-0968 date: None words: 101 flesch: -43 summary: HEREBY DECLARES that Peru, a country located in the Southern Hemisphere, connected to Antarctica by its projecting coastlines, as well as by ecological factors and historical background; and according to the rights and obligations it enjoys as a consultative party to the Antarctic Treaty, encourages the preservation of Antarctica as a zone of peace devoted to scientific research, and the enforcement of an international regime that, without impairing the legitimate rights of our Nation, promotes, in the benefit of all mankind, a rational and equitable development of Antarctica resources, and ensures the protection and preservation of the ecosystem of such continent. keywords: antarctica cache: Peru-0968.txt plain text: Peru-0968.txt item: #518 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0050 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0050 date: None words: 19 flesch: 27 summary: The State recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framework of national unity and development. keywords: development cache: Philippines_1987-0050.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0050.txt item: #519 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0309 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0309 date: None words: 87 flesch: -26 summary: All cases involving the constitutionality of a treaty, international or executive agreement, or law, which shall be heard by the Supreme Court en banc, and all other cases which under the Rules of Court are required to be heard en banc, including those involving the constitutionality, application, or operation of presidential decrees, proclamations, orders, instructions, ordinances, and other regulations, shall be decided with the concurrence of a majority of the Members who actually took part in the deliberations on the issues in the case and voted thereon. keywords: cases cache: Philippines_1987-0309.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0309.txt item: #520 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0315 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0315 date: None words: 27 flesch: 0 summary: All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of any treaty, international or executive agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance, or regulation is in question. keywords: question cache: Philippines_1987-0315.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0315.txt item: #521 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0578 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0578 date: None words: 36 flesch: 17 summary: The State, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national development policies and programs, shall protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their economic, social, and cultural well-being. keywords: state cache: Philippines_1987-0578.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0578.txt item: #522 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0579 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0579 date: None words: 24 flesch: 23 summary: The Congress may provide for the applicability of customary laws governing property rights or relations in determining the ownership and extent of ancestral domain. keywords: domain cache: Philippines_1987-0579.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0579.txt item: #523 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0637 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0637 date: None words: 58 flesch: 2 summary: The State shall apply the principles of agrarian reform or stewardship, whenever applicable in accordance with law, in the disposition or utilization of other natural resources, including lands of the public domain under lease or concession suitable to agriculture, subject to prior rights, homestead rights of small settlers, and the rights of indigenous communities to their ancestral lands. keywords: rights cache: Philippines_1987-0637.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0637.txt item: #524 of 678 id: Philippines_1987-0744 author: Philippines_1987 title: Philippines_1987-0744 date: None words: 35 flesch: 41 summary: The State shall recognize, respect, and protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions, and institutions. It shall consider these rights in the formulation of national plans and policies. keywords: rights cache: Philippines_1987-0744.txt plain text: Philippines_1987-0744.txt item: #525 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0423 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0423 date: None words: 7 flesch: 90 summary: The hierarchy of laws is as follows: keywords: hierarchy cache: Rwanda_2015-0423.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0423.txt item: #526 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0424 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0424 date: None words: 1 flesch: -132 summary: Constitution; keywords: constitution cache: Rwanda_2015-0424.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0424.txt item: #527 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0425 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0425 date: None words: 2 flesch: 35 summary: organic law; keywords: law cache: Rwanda_2015-0425.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0425.txt item: #528 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0426 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0426 date: None words: 7 flesch: 21 summary: international treaties and agreements ratified by Rwanda; keywords: rwanda cache: Rwanda_2015-0426.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0426.txt item: #529 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0427 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0427 date: None words: 2 flesch: 35 summary: ordinary law; keywords: law cache: Rwanda_2015-0427.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0427.txt item: #530 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0428 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0428 date: None words: 1 flesch: 36 summary: orders. keywords: orders cache: Rwanda_2015-0428.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0428.txt item: #531 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0429 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0429 date: None words: 12 flesch: 67 summary: A law cannot contradict another law that is higher in hierarchy. keywords: law cache: Rwanda_2015-0429.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0429.txt item: #532 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0809 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0809 date: None words: 44 flesch: 21 summary: Upon publication in the Official Gazette, international treaties and agreements which have been duly ratified or approved have the force of law as national legislation in accordance with the hierarchy of laws provided for under the first paragraph of Article 95 of this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: Rwanda_2015-0809.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0809.txt item: #533 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0814 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0814 date: None words: 41 flesch: 24 summary: Where an international treaty or agreement contains provisions which are conflicting with the Constitution or an organic law, the power to ratify or approve that treaty or agreement cannot be exercised until the Constitution or the organic law is amended. keywords: law cache: Rwanda_2015-0814.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0814.txt item: #534 of 678 id: Rwanda_2015-0836 author: Rwanda_2015 title: Rwanda_2015-0836 date: None words: 35 flesch: 26 summary: Unwritten customary law remains applicable provided it has not been replaced by written law, is not inconsistent with the Constitution, laws, and orders, and neither violates human rights nor prejudices public security or good morals. keywords: law cache: Rwanda_2015-0836.txt plain text: Rwanda_2015-0836.txt item: #535 of 678 id: Somalia-0014 author: Somalia title: Somalia-0014 date: None words: 52 flesch: -13 summary: The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia promotes human rights, the rule of law, general standards of international law, justice, participatory consultative and inclusive government, the separation of powers between the legislature, executive and an independent judiciary, in order to ensure accountability, efficiency and responsiveness to the interests of the people. keywords: law cache: Somalia-0014.txt plain text: Somalia-0014.txt item: #536 of 678 id: Somalia-0068 author: Somalia title: Somalia-0068 date: None words: 21 flesch: 59 summary: Circumcision of girls is a cruel and degrading customary practice, and is tantamount to torture. The circumcision of girls is prohibited. keywords: circumcision cache: Somalia-0068.txt plain text: Somalia-0068.txt item: #537 of 678 id: Somalia-0139 author: Somalia title: Somalia-0139 date: None words: 36 flesch: 29 summary: The state shall promote the positive traditions and cultural practices of the Somali people, whilst striving to eliminate from the community customs and emerging practices which negatively impact the unity, civilization and well-being of society. keywords: practices cache: Somalia-0139.txt plain text: Somalia-0139.txt item: #538 of 678 id: Somalia-0191 author: Somalia title: Somalia-0191 date: None words: 46 flesch: 29 summary: The recognition of the fundamental rights set out in this Chapter does not deny the existence of any other rights that are recognized or conferred by Shari'ah, or by customary law or legislation to the extent that they are consistent with the Shari'ah and the Constitution. keywords: shari'ah cache: Somalia-0191.txt plain text: Somalia-0191.txt item: #539 of 678 id: Somalia-0285 author: Somalia title: Somalia-0285 date: None words: 35 flesch: 16 summary: The Federal Government and Federal Member State governments shall ensure that meetings between the Presidents of the Federal Member States and high ranking officials be held regularly to discuss issues that affect their territories, including: keywords: member cache: Somalia-0285.txt plain text: Somalia-0285.txt item: #540 of 678 id: Somalia-0293 author: Somalia title: Somalia-0293 date: None words: 14 flesch: 17 summary: Relations and dialogue amongst traditional leaders, and the protection and development of traditional law; keywords: relations cache: Somalia-0293.txt plain text: Somalia-0293.txt item: #541 of 678 id: South_Africa-0098 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-0098 date: None words: 7 flesch: 30 summary: This section does not prevent legislation recognising- keywords: section cache: South_Africa-0098.txt plain text: South_Africa-0098.txt item: #542 of 678 id: South_Africa-0099 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-0099 date: None words: 15 flesch: 44 summary: marriages concluded under any tradition, or a system of religious, personal or family law; or keywords: marriages cache: South_Africa-0099.txt plain text: South_Africa-0099.txt item: #543 of 678 id: South_Africa-0100 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-0100 date: None words: 18 flesch: 28 summary: systems of personal and family law under any tradition, or adhered to by persons professing a particular religion. keywords: systems cache: South_Africa-0100.txt plain text: South_Africa-0100.txt item: #544 of 678 id: South_Africa-0387 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-0387 date: None words: 30 flesch: 59 summary: When interpreting any legislation, and when developing the common law or customary law, every court, tribunal or forum must promote the spirit, purport and objects of the Bill of Rights. keywords: law cache: South_Africa-0387.txt plain text: South_Africa-0387.txt item: #545 of 678 id: South_Africa-0388 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-0388 date: None words: 37 flesch: 50 summary: The Bill of Rights does not deny the existence of any other rights or freedoms that are recognised or conferred by common law, customary law or legislation, to the extent that they are consistent with the Bill. keywords: bill cache: South_Africa-0388.txt plain text: South_Africa-0388.txt item: #546 of 678 id: South_Africa-1191 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1191 date: None words: 17 flesch: 25 summary: A provincial constitution, or constitutional amendment, must not be inconsistent with this Constitution, but may provide for- keywords: constitution cache: South_Africa-1191.txt plain text: South_Africa-1191.txt item: #547 of 678 id: South_Africa-1193 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1193 date: None words: 12 flesch: 32 summary: the institution, role, authority and status of a traditional monarch, where applicable. keywords: institution cache: South_Africa-1193.txt plain text: South_Africa-1193.txt item: #548 of 678 id: South_Africa-1779 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1779 date: None words: 18 flesch: 19 summary: The institution, status and role of traditional leadership, according to customary law, are recognised, subject to the Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: South_Africa-1779.txt plain text: South_Africa-1779.txt item: #549 of 678 id: South_Africa-1780 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1780 date: None words: 31 flesch: 25 summary: A traditional authority that observes a system of customary law may function subject to any applicable legislation and customs, which includes amendments to, or repeal of, that legislation or those customs. keywords: customs cache: South_Africa-1780.txt plain text: South_Africa-1780.txt item: #550 of 678 id: South_Africa-1781 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1781 date: None words: 24 flesch: 41 summary: The courts must apply customary law when that law is applicable, subject to the Constitution and any legislation that specifically deals with customary law. keywords: law cache: South_Africa-1781.txt plain text: South_Africa-1781.txt item: #551 of 678 id: South_Africa-1783 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1783 date: None words: 21 flesch: 20 summary: National legislation may provide for a role for traditional leadership as an institution at local level on matters affecting local communities. keywords: communities cache: South_Africa-1783.txt plain text: South_Africa-1783.txt item: #552 of 678 id: South_Africa-1784 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1784 date: None words: 26 flesch: 27 summary: To deal with matters relating to traditional leadership, the role of traditional leaders, customary law and the customs of communities observing a system of customary law- keywords: law cache: South_Africa-1784.txt plain text: South_Africa-1784.txt item: #553 of 678 id: South_Africa-1785 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1785 date: None words: 15 flesch: 28 summary: national or provincial legislation may provide for the establishment of houses of traditional leaders; and keywords: leaders cache: South_Africa-1785.txt plain text: South_Africa-1785.txt item: #554 of 678 id: South_Africa-1786 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1786 date: None words: 9 flesch: 0 summary: national legislation may establish a council of traditional leaders. keywords: leaders cache: South_Africa-1786.txt plain text: South_Africa-1786.txt item: #555 of 678 id: South_Africa-1929 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1929 date: None words: 35 flesch: 33 summary: An international agreement binds the Republic only after it has been approved by resolution in both the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces, unless it is an agreement referred to in subsection (3). keywords: agreement cache: South_Africa-1929.txt plain text: South_Africa-1929.txt item: #556 of 678 id: South_Africa-1930 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1930 date: None words: 56 flesch: 0 summary: An international agreement of a technical, administrative or executive nature, or an agreement which does not require either ratification or accession, entered into by the national executive, binds the Republic without approval by the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces, but must be tabled in the Assembly and the Council within a reasonable time. keywords: national cache: South_Africa-1930.txt plain text: South_Africa-1930.txt item: #557 of 678 id: South_Africa-1931 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1931 date: None words: 48 flesch: 13 summary: Any international agreement becomes law in the Republic when it is enacted into law by national legislation; but a self-executing provision of an agreement that has been approved by Parliament is law in the Republic unless it is inconsistent with the Constitution or an Act of Parliament. keywords: law cache: South_Africa-1931.txt plain text: South_Africa-1931.txt item: #558 of 678 id: South_Africa-1932 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1932 date: None words: 18 flesch: 47 summary: The Republic is bound by international agreements which were binding on the Republic when this Constitution took effect. keywords: republic cache: South_Africa-1932.txt plain text: South_Africa-1932.txt item: #559 of 678 id: South_Africa-1934 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-1934 date: None words: 20 flesch: 30 summary: Customary international law is law in the Republic unless it is inconsistent with the Constitution or an Act of Parliament. keywords: law cache: South_Africa-1934.txt plain text: South_Africa-1934.txt item: #560 of 678 id: South_Africa-2138 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-2138 date: None words: 12 flesch: 46 summary: Indigenous law and customary law, subject to Chapter 12 of the Constitution keywords: law cache: South_Africa-2138.txt plain text: South_Africa-2138.txt item: #561 of 678 id: South_Africa-2155 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-2155 date: None words: 9 flesch: 28 summary: Traditional leadership, subject to Chapter 12 of the Constitution keywords: constitution cache: South_Africa-2155.txt plain text: South_Africa-2155.txt item: #562 of 678 id: South_Africa-2339 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-2339 date: None words: 52 flesch: 2 summary: Every court, including courts of traditional leaders, existing when the new Constitution took effect, continues to function and to exercise jurisdiction in terms of the legislation applicable to it, and anyone holding office as a judicial officer continues to hold office in terms of the legislation applicable to that office, subject to- keywords: office cache: South_Africa-2339.txt plain text: South_Africa-2339.txt item: #563 of 678 id: South_Africa-2432 author: South_Africa title: South_Africa-2432 date: None words: 95 flesch: -34 summary: a traditional leader of a community observing a system of indigenous law and residing on land within the area of a transitional local council, transitional rural council or transitional representative council, referred to in the Local Government Transition Act, 1993, and who has been identified as set out in section 182 of the previous Constitution, is ex officio entitled to be a member of that council until a Municipal Council replacing that council has been declared elected as a result of the first general election of Municipal Councils after the commencement of the new Constitution. keywords: council cache: South_Africa-2432.txt plain text: South_Africa-2432.txt item: #564 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0032 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0032 date: None words: 9 flesch: 75 summary: The sources of legislation in South Sudan shall be: keywords: sources cache: South_Sudan-0032.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0032.txt item: #565 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0035 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0035 date: None words: 6 flesch: 73 summary: customs and traditions of the people; keywords: customs cache: South_Sudan-0035.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0035.txt item: #566 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0051 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0051 date: None words: 31 flesch: 38 summary: All rights and freedoms enshrined in international human rights treaties, covenants and instruments ratified or acceded to by the Republic of South Sudan shall be an integral part of this Bill. keywords: rights cache: South_Sudan-0051.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0051.txt item: #567 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0070 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0070 date: None words: 5 flesch: 83 summary: All levels of government shall: keywords: levels cache: South_Sudan-0070.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0070.txt item: #568 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0071 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0071 date: None words: 35 flesch: 14 summary: promote women participation in public life and their representation in the legislative and executive organs by at least twenty-five per cent as an affirmative action to redress imbalances created by history, customs, and traditions; keywords: traditions cache: South_Sudan-0071.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0071.txt item: #569 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0072 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0072 date: None words: 17 flesch: 55 summary: enact laws to combat harmful customs and traditions which undermine the dignity and status of women; and keywords: laws cache: South_Sudan-0072.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0072.txt item: #570 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0149 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0149 date: None words: 55 flesch: 43 summary: Members of such communities shall have the right to practice their beliefs, use their languages, observe their religions and raise their children within the context of their respective cultures and customs in accordance with this Constitution and the law. Ethnic and cultural communities shall have the right to freely enjoy and develop their particular cultures. keywords: communities cache: South_Sudan-0149.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0149.txt item: #571 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0170 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0170 date: None words: 11 flesch: 41 summary: The principal objective of the economic development strategy shall be the: keywords: objective cache: South_Sudan-0170.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0170.txt item: #572 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0172 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0172 date: None words: 6 flesch: 3 summary: attainment of the Millennium Development Goals; keywords: attainment cache: South_Sudan-0172.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0172.txt item: #573 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0705 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0705 date: None words: 35 flesch: 45 summary: Judicial power is derived from the people and shall be exercised by the courts in accordance with the customs, values, norms and aspirations of the people and in conformity with this Constitution and the law. keywords: people cache: South_Sudan-0705.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0705.txt item: #574 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0740 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0740 date: None words: 8 flesch: 50 summary: The Supreme Court shall exercise competences as follows: keywords: supreme cache: South_Sudan-0740.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0740.txt item: #575 of 678 id: South_Sudan-0742 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-0742 date: None words: 24 flesch: 43 summary: be the court of final judicial instance in respect of any litigation or prosecution under National or state law, including statutory and customary law; keywords: law cache: South_Sudan-0742.txt plain text: South_Sudan-0742.txt item: #576 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1043 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1043 date: None words: 8 flesch: 71 summary: The objects of local government shall be to: keywords: objects cache: South_Sudan-1043.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1043.txt item: #577 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1052 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1052 date: None words: 16 flesch: 29 summary: acknowledge and incorporate the role of Traditional Authority and customary law in the local government system; keywords: system cache: South_Sudan-1052.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1052.txt item: #578 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1058 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1058 date: None words: 17 flesch: 15 summary: The institution, status and role of Traditional Authority, according to customary law, are recognised under this Constitution. keywords: constitution cache: South_Sudan-1058.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1058.txt item: #579 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1059 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1059 date: None words: 15 flesch: 28 summary: Traditional Authority shall function in accordance with this Constitution, the state constitutions and the law. keywords: law cache: South_Sudan-1059.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1059.txt item: #580 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1060 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1060 date: None words: 13 flesch: 63 summary: The courts shall apply customary law subject to this Constitution and the law. keywords: law cache: South_Sudan-1060.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1060.txt item: #581 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1062 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1062 date: None words: 25 flesch: 29 summary: Legislation of the states shall provide for the role of Traditional Authority as an institution at the local government level on matters affecting local communities. keywords: legislation cache: South_Sudan-1062.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1062.txt item: #582 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1063 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1063 date: None words: 22 flesch: 22 summary: Legislation at the National and state levels shall provide for the establishment, composition, functions and duties of councils for Traditional Authority leaders. keywords: legislation cache: South_Sudan-1063.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1063.txt item: #583 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1070 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1070 date: None words: 31 flesch: 0 summary: The National Government shall endeavour to build institutional, human, social and economic capacity, develop infrastructure and social services and raise the standard of public services to attain the Millennium Development Goals. keywords: services cache: South_Sudan-1070.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1070.txt item: #584 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1096 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1096 date: None words: 34 flesch: 32 summary: Rights in land and resources owned, held or otherwise acquired by the Government shall be exercised through the appropriate or designated level of government which shall recognize customary land rights under customary land law. keywords: land cache: South_Sudan-1096.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1096.txt item: #585 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1097 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1097 date: None words: 25 flesch: 29 summary: All levels of government shall institute a process to progressively develop and amend the relevant laws to incorporate customary rights and practices and local heritage. keywords: heritage cache: South_Sudan-1097.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1097.txt item: #586 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1290 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1290 date: None words: 15 flesch: 33 summary: The National Bureau of Statistics shall be an independent statistics bureau authorized, inter alia, to: keywords: bureau cache: South_Sudan-1290.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1290.txt item: #587 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1294 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1294 date: None words: 14 flesch: 23 summary: monitor the progress of poverty alleviation and the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals. keywords: goals cache: South_Sudan-1294.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1294.txt item: #588 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1437 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1437 date: None words: 13 flesch: 50 summary: The exclusive executive and legislative powers of a state shall be as follows: keywords: executive cache: South_Sudan-1437.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1437.txt item: #589 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1467 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1467 date: None words: 5 flesch: -1 summary: Traditional Authority and customary law; keywords: law cache: South_Sudan-1467.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1467.txt item: #590 of 678 id: South_Sudan-1479 author: South_Sudan title: South_Sudan-1479 date: None words: 3 flesch: 62 summary: Customary law courts. keywords: courts cache: South_Sudan-1479.txt plain text: South_Sudan-1479.txt item: #591 of 678 id: Spain-0040 author: Spain title: Spain-0040 date: None words: 33 flesch: 9 summary: Provisions relating to the fundamental rights and liberties recognized by the Constitution shall be construed in conformity with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international treaties and agreements thereon ratified by Spain. keywords: rights cache: Spain-0040.txt plain text: Spain-0040.txt item: #592 of 678 id: Spain-0246 author: Spain title: Spain-0246 date: None words: 25 flesch: 42 summary: It is incumbent upon the King to express the State's assent to international commitments through treaties, in conformity with the Constitution and the laws. keywords: laws cache: Spain-0246.txt plain text: Spain-0246.txt item: #593 of 678 id: Spain-0378 author: Spain title: Spain-0378 date: None words: 17 flesch: -4 summary: The conclusion of an international treaty containing stipulations contrary to the Constitution shall require prior constitutional amendment. keywords: amendment cache: Spain-0378.txt plain text: Spain-0378.txt item: #594 of 678 id: Spain-0381 author: Spain title: Spain-0381 date: None words: 45 flesch: 42 summary: Validly concluded international treaties, once officially published in Spain, shall be part of the internal legal system. Their provisions may only be repealed, amended or suspended in the manner provided for in the treaties themselves or in accordance with the general rules of international law. keywords: treaties cache: Spain-0381.txt plain text: Spain-0381.txt item: #595 of 678 id: Spain-0487 author: Spain title: Spain-0487 date: None words: 44 flesch: 31 summary: Citizens may engage in popular action and take part in the administration of justice through the institution of the jury, in the manner and with respect to those criminal trials as may be determined by law, as well as in customary and traditional courts. keywords: citizens cache: Spain-0487.txt plain text: Spain-0487.txt item: #596 of 678 id: Spain-0621 author: Spain title: Spain-0621 date: None words: 94 flesch: 18 summary: In any event rules for the application and effectiveness of legal provisions, civil relations arising from the forms of marriage, keeping of records and drawing up to public instruments, bases of contractual liability, rules for resolving conflicts of law and determination of the sources of law in conformity, in this last case, with the rules of traditional charts or with those of foral or special laws. Civil legislation, without prejudice to the preservation, modification and development by the Self-governing Communities of their civil law, foral or special, whenever these exist, and traditional charts. keywords: law cache: Spain-0621.txt plain text: Spain-0621.txt item: #597 of 678 id: Spain-0737 author: Spain title: Spain-0737 date: None words: 39 flesch: 37 summary: The general updating of historic rights shall be carried out, where appropriate, within the framework of the Constitution and of the Statutes of Autonomy. The Constitution protects and respects the historic rights of the territories with traditional charts (fueros). keywords: constitution cache: Spain-0737.txt plain text: Spain-0737.txt item: #598 of 678 id: Spain-0739 author: Spain title: Spain-0739 date: None words: 31 flesch: 41 summary: The provision of section 12 of this Constitution regarding the coming of age, shall not be prejudicial to cases in which traditional charts are applicable within the sphere of private law. keywords: law cache: Spain-0739.txt plain text: Spain-0739.txt item: #599 of 678 id: Sudan_2019-0246 author: Sudan_2019 title: Sudan_2019-0246 date: None words: 30 flesch: 43 summary: All rights and freedoms contained in international and regional human rights agreements, pacts, and charters ratified by the Republic of Sudan shall be considered an integral part of this Charter. keywords: rights cache: Sudan_2019-0246.txt plain text: Sudan_2019-0246.txt item: #600 of 678 id: Sudan_2019-0269 author: Sudan_2019 title: Sudan_2019-0269 date: None words: 17 flesch: 65 summary: The state works to combat harmful customs and traditions that reduce the dignity and status of women. keywords: women cache: Sudan_2019-0269.txt plain text: Sudan_2019-0269.txt item: #601 of 678 id: Sudan_2019-0324 author: Sudan_2019 title: Sudan_2019-0324 date: None words: 50 flesch: 63 summary: The members of such groups have the right to exercise their beliefs, use their languages, observe their religions or customs, and raise their children in the framework of such cultures and customs. All ethnic and cultural groups have the right to enjoy their own private culture and develop it freely. keywords: right cache: Sudan_2019-0324.txt plain text: Sudan_2019-0324.txt item: #602 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0019 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0019 date: None words: 30 flesch: -4 summary: the need for mutual respect and co-operation between the different kinds of authorities concerned, including the central Government, the traditional authorities, local governments and authorities, and the religious authorities. keywords: authorities cache: Tuvalu_2010-0019.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0019.txt item: #603 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0037 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0037 date: None words: 74 flesch: -12 summary: For the purpose of implementing any international agreement binding on Tuvalu and approved by Parliament by resolution for the purposes of this section, subsection (2) may be amended by Act of Parliament made in accordance with section 7 (alteration to the Constitution generally), without reference to the requirement of a special majority of votes under section 7(3) (which requires Bills to alter the Constitution to be passed by a two-thirds majority in Parliament). keywords: section cache: Tuvalu_2010-0037.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0037.txt item: #604 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0116 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0116 date: None words: 11 flesch: 87 summary: Each provision of this Part applies, as far as may be- keywords: provision cache: Tuvalu_2010-0116.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0116.txt item: #605 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0119 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0119 date: None words: 36 flesch: 45 summary: Except in relation to any act that is done under a valid law which accords with traditional standards, values and practices, any act that is done under a valid law but that in the particular case- keywords: act cache: Tuvalu_2010-0119.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0119.txt item: #606 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0140 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0140 date: None words: 30 flesch: 41 summary: In determining whether a law or act is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society that has a proper respect for human rights and dignity, a court may have regard to- keywords: regard cache: Tuvalu_2010-0140.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0140.txt item: #607 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0141 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0141 date: None words: 16 flesch: 42 summary: traditional standards, values and practices, as well as previous laws and judicial decisions, of Tuvalu; and keywords: standards cache: Tuvalu_2010-0141.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0141.txt item: #608 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0145 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0145 date: None words: 51 flesch: 14 summary: Notwithstanding subsection (5), any law, or any act done under a valid law, which accords with traditional standards, values and practices shall not contravene subsection (1) above, unless the relevant traditional standard, value or practice would be regarded by an ordinary modern citizen of Tuvalu as one which should be eliminated. keywords: subsection cache: Tuvalu_2010-0145.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0145.txt item: #609 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0171 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0171 date: None words: 8 flesch: 50 summary: Subsection (1) (g) applies in the following cases- keywords: subsection cache: Tuvalu_2010-0171.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0171.txt item: #610 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0183 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0183 date: None words: 45 flesch: 31 summary: in the case of detention of a person required by and for the purposes of any international or multi-national convention, treaty or arrangement to which Tuvalu is a party and which is approved by Parliament, by resolution, for the purposes of this paragraph; or keywords: purposes cache: Tuvalu_2010-0183.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0183.txt item: #611 of 678 id: Tuvalu_2010-0534 author: Tuvalu_2010 title: Tuvalu_2010-0534 date: None words: 15 flesch: 67 summary: in accordance with the personal law, beliefs or customs of any person or group; or keywords: accordance cache: Tuvalu_2010-0534.txt plain text: Tuvalu_2010-0534.txt item: #612 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0043 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0043 date: None words: 30 flesch: 63 summary: no-one shall be convicted in respect of an act or omission which did not constitute an offence known to written or custom law at the time it was committed; keywords: time cache: Vanuatu_2013-0043.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0043.txt item: #613 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0170 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0170 date: None words: 14 flesch: 29 summary: Treaties negotiated by the Government shall be presented to Parliament for ratification when they- keywords: treaties cache: Vanuatu_2013-0170.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0170.txt item: #614 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0171 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0171 date: None words: 6 flesch: 3 summary: concern international organisations, peace or trade; keywords: concern cache: Vanuatu_2013-0171.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0171.txt item: #615 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0172 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0172 date: None words: 6 flesch: 62 summary: commit the expenditure of public funds; keywords: funds cache: Vanuatu_2013-0172.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0172.txt item: #616 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0173 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0173 date: None words: 5 flesch: 102 summary: affect the status of people; keywords: people cache: Vanuatu_2013-0173.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0173.txt item: #617 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0174 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0174 date: None words: 11 flesch: 85 summary: require amendment of the laws of the Republic of Vanuatu; or keywords: amendment cache: Vanuatu_2013-0174.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0174.txt item: #618 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0175 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0175 date: None words: 9 flesch: 61 summary: provide for the transfer, exchange or annexing of territory. keywords: territory cache: Vanuatu_2013-0175.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0175.txt item: #619 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0187 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0187 date: None words: 21 flesch: 72 summary: The Malvatumauri Council of Chiefs shall be composed of custom chiefs elected by their peers sitting in District Councils of Chiefs. keywords: chiefs cache: Vanuatu_2013-0187.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0187.txt item: #620 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0192 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0192 date: None words: 34 flesch: 30 summary: The Malvatumauri Council of Chiefs has a general competence to discuss all matters relating to land, custom and tradition and may make recommendations for the preservation and promotion of ni-Vanuatu culture and languages. keywords: languages cache: Vanuatu_2013-0192.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0192.txt item: #621 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0193 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0193 date: None words: 24 flesch: 34 summary: The Council must be consulted on any question, particularly any question relating to land, tradition and custom, in connection with any bill before Parliament. keywords: question cache: Vanuatu_2013-0193.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0193.txt item: #622 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0245 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0245 date: None words: 61 flesch: 53 summary: If there is no rule of law applicable to a matter before it, a court shall determine the matter according to substantial justice and whenever possible in conformity with custom. The function of the judiciary is to resolve proceedings according to law. keywords: law cache: Vanuatu_2013-0245.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0245.txt item: #623 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0264 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0264 date: None words: 57 flesch: 24 summary: Parliament may provide for the manner of the ascertainment of relevant rules of custom except for the rules of custom relating to ownership of custom land, and may in particular provide for persons knowledgeable in such custom to sit with the judges of the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeal and take part in its proceedings. keywords: custom cache: Vanuatu_2013-0264.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0264.txt item: #624 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0267 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0267 date: None words: 29 flesch: 51 summary: Parliament shall provide for the establishment of village or island courts with jurisdiction over customary and other matters and shall provide for the role of chiefs in such courts. keywords: courts cache: Vanuatu_2013-0267.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0267.txt item: #625 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0362 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0362 date: None words: 16 flesch: 53 summary: All land in the Republic of Vanuatu belongs to the indigenous custom owners and their descendants. keywords: descendants cache: Vanuatu_2013-0362.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0362.txt item: #626 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0364 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0364 date: None words: 19 flesch: 80 summary: The rules of custom shall form the basis of ownership and use of land in the Republic of Vanuatu. keywords: vanuatu cache: Vanuatu_2013-0364.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0364.txt item: #627 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0372 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0372 date: None words: 23 flesch: 10 summary: Parliament by enactment shall formalise the recognition of appropriate customary institutions or procedures to resolve land ownership or any disputes over custom land. keywords: land cache: Vanuatu_2013-0372.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0372.txt item: #628 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0373 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0373 date: None words: 17 flesch: 25 summary: Parliament may recognise an institution as a customary institution by enactment for the purposes of subarticle (1). keywords: institution cache: Vanuatu_2013-0373.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0373.txt item: #629 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0374 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0374 date: None words: 50 flesch: 22 summary: Despite the provisions of Chapter 8 of the Constitution, the final substantive decisions reached by customary institutions or procedures in accordance with Article 74, after being recorded in writing, are binding in law and are not subject to appeal or any other form of review by any Court of law. keywords: law cache: Vanuatu_2013-0374.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0374.txt item: #630 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0376 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0376 date: None words: 38 flesch: 43 summary: Where consequent to the provisions of this Chapter there is a dispute concerning the custom ownership of land the government may hold such land and manage it in the interests of disputing parties until the dispute is resolved. keywords: dispute cache: Vanuatu_2013-0376.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0376.txt item: #631 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0379 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0379 date: None words: 18 flesch: 47 summary: The consent required under subarticle (1) shall be given unless the transaction is prejudicial to the interests of- keywords: consent cache: Vanuatu_2013-0379.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0379.txt item: #632 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0380 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0380 date: None words: 8 flesch: 82 summary: the custom owner or owners of the land; keywords: land cache: Vanuatu_2013-0380.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0380.txt item: #633 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0381 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0381 date: None words: 10 flesch: 61 summary: the indigenous citizen where he is not the custom owner; keywords: owner cache: Vanuatu_2013-0381.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0381.txt item: #634 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0387 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0387 date: None words: 31 flesch: 22 summary: Notwithstanding Articles 73 and 74 the Government may buy land from custom owners for the purpose of transferring ownership of it to indigenous citizens or indigenous communities from over-populated islands. keywords: islands cache: Vanuatu_2013-0387.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0387.txt item: #635 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0388 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0388 date: None words: 20 flesch: 31 summary: When redistributing land in accordance with subarticle (1), the Government shall give priority to ethnic, linguistic, customary and geographical ties. keywords: ties cache: Vanuatu_2013-0388.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0388.txt item: #636 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0429 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0429 date: None words: 56 flesch: 20 summary: Until otherwise provided by Parliament, the British and French laws in force or applied in Vanuatu immediately before the Day of Independence shall on and after that day continue to apply to the extent that they are not expressly revoked or incompatible with the independent status of Vanuatu and wherever possible taking due account of custom. keywords: vanuatu cache: Vanuatu_2013-0429.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0429.txt item: #637 of 678 id: Vanuatu_2013-0430 author: Vanuatu_2013 title: Vanuatu_2013-0430 date: None words: 17 flesch: 70 summary: Customary law shall continue to have effect as part of the law of the Republic of Vanuatu. keywords: law cache: Vanuatu_2013-0430.txt plain text: Vanuatu_2013-0430.txt item: #638 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-0019 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-0019 date: None words: 26 flesch: 30 summary: This Constitution is the supreme law of Zimbabwe and any law, practice, custom or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid to the extent of the inconsistency. keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-0019.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-0019.txt item: #639 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-0203 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-0203 date: None words: 32 flesch: 28 summary: The State must take measures to preserve, protect and promote indigenous knowledge systems, including knowledge of the medicinal and other properties of animal and plant life possessed by local communities and people. keywords: knowledge cache: Zimbabwe-0203.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-0203.txt item: #640 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-0280 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-0280 date: None words: 32 flesch: 63 summary: When interpreting an enactment, and when developing the common law and customary law, every court, tribunal, forum or body must promote and be guided by the spirit and objectives of this Chapter. keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-0280.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-0280.txt item: #641 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-0575 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-0575 date: None words: 25 flesch: 46 summary: All laws, customs, traditions and cultural practices that infringe the rights of women conferred by this Constitution are void to the extent of the infringement. keywords: infringement cache: Zimbabwe-0575.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-0575.txt item: #642 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1268 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1268 date: None words: 16 flesch: 47 summary: Judicial authority derives from the people of Zimbabwe and is vested in the courts, which comprise-- keywords: comprise- cache: Zimbabwe-1268.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1268.txt item: #643 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1275 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1275 date: None words: 5 flesch: 83 summary: the customary law courts; and keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-1275.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1275.txt item: #644 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1278 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1278 date: None words: 6 flesch: 17 summary: The judiciary of Zimbabwe consists of-- keywords: judiciary cache: Zimbabwe-1278.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1278.txt item: #645 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1284 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1284 date: None words: 19 flesch: 49 summary: persons presiding over magistrates courts, customary law courts and other courts established by or under an Act of Parliament. keywords: courts cache: Zimbabwe-1284.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1284.txt item: #646 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1381 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1381 date: None words: 13 flesch: 37 summary: An Act of Parliament may provide for the establishment, composition and jurisdiction of-- keywords: jurisdiction cache: Zimbabwe-1381.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1381.txt item: #647 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1383 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1383 date: None words: 13 flesch: 30 summary: customary law courts whose jurisdiction consists primarily in the application of customary law; keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-1383.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1383.txt item: #648 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-1397 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-1397 date: None words: 43 flesch: 29 summary: The Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the High Court have inherent power to protect and regulate their own process and to develop the common law or the customary law, taking into account the interests of justice and the provisions of this Constitution. keywords: court cache: Zimbabwe-1397.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-1397.txt item: #649 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2197 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2197 date: None words: 13 flesch: 30 summary: The institution, status and role of traditional leaders under customary law are recognised. keywords: institution cache: Zimbabwe-2197.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2197.txt item: #650 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2198 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2198 date: None words: 30 flesch: 35 summary: A traditional leader is responsible for performing the cultural, customary and traditional functions of a Chief, headperson or village head, as the case may be, for his or her community. keywords: community cache: Zimbabwe-2198.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2198.txt item: #651 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2200 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2200 date: None words: 3 flesch: 6 summary: Traditional leaders must-- keywords: leaders cache: Zimbabwe-2200.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2200.txt item: #652 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2202 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2202 date: None words: 27 flesch: 27 summary: observe the customs pertaining to traditional leadership and exercise their functions for the purposes for which the institution of traditional leadership is recognised by this Constitution; and keywords: leadership cache: Zimbabwe-2202.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2202.txt item: #653 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2210 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2210 date: None words: 11 flesch: 26 summary: Traditional leaders have the following functions within their areas of jurisdiction-- keywords: jurisdiction- cache: Zimbabwe-2210.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2210.txt item: #654 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2215 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2215 date: None words: 14 flesch: 59 summary: to resolve disputes amongst people in their communities in accordance with customary law; and keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2215.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2215.txt item: #655 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2221 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2221 date: None words: 23 flesch: 40 summary: An Act of Parliament must provide for the following, in accordance with the prevailing culture, customs, traditions and practices of the communities concerned-- keywords: act cache: Zimbabwe-2221.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2221.txt item: #656 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2516 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2516 date: None words: 22 flesch: 26 summary: Customary international law is part of the law of Zimbabwe, unless it is inconsistent with this Constitution or an Act of Parliament. keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2516.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2516.txt item: #657 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2517 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2517 date: None words: 35 flesch: 2 summary: When interpreting legislation, every court and tribunal must adopt any reasonable interpretation of the legislation that is consistent with customary international law applicable in Zimbabwe, in preference to an alternative interpretation inconsistent with that law. keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2517.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2517.txt item: #658 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2518 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2518 date: None words: 6 flesch: 6 summary: International conventions, treaties and agreements 327. keywords: agreements cache: Zimbabwe-2518.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2518.txt item: #659 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2520 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2520 date: None words: 24 flesch: 20 summary: international organisation means an organisation whose membership consists of two or more independent States or in which two or more independent States are represented; keywords: states cache: Zimbabwe-2520.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2520.txt item: #660 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2521 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2521 date: None words: 20 flesch: 25 summary: international treaty means a convention, treaty, protocol or agreement between one or more foreign States or governments or international organisations. keywords: international cache: Zimbabwe-2521.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2521.txt item: #661 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2522 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2522 date: None words: 18 flesch: 42 summary: An international treaty which has been concluded or executed by the President or under the President's authority-- keywords: president cache: Zimbabwe-2522.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2522.txt item: #662 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2523 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2523 date: None words: 12 flesch: 53 summary: does not bind Zimbabwe until it has been approved by Parliament; and keywords: parliament cache: Zimbabwe-2523.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2523.txt item: #663 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2524 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2524 date: None words: 22 flesch: 68 summary: does not form part of the law of Zimbabwe unless it has been incorporated into the law through an Act of Parliament. keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2524.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2524.txt item: #664 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2525 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2525 date: None words: 10 flesch: 69 summary: An agreement which is not an international treaty but which-- keywords: agreement cache: Zimbabwe-2525.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2525.txt item: #665 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2526 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2526 date: None words: 23 flesch: 55 summary: has been concluded or executed by the President or under the President's authority with one or more foreign organisations or entities; and keywords: president cache: Zimbabwe-2526.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2526.txt item: #666 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2527 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2527 date: None words: 5 flesch: -35 summary: imposes fiscal obligations on Zimbabwe; keywords: zimbabwe cache: Zimbabwe-2527.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2527.txt item: #667 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2528 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2528 date: None words: 11 flesch: 49 summary: does not bind Zimbabwe until it has been approved by Parliament. keywords: parliament cache: Zimbabwe-2528.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2528.txt item: #668 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2529 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2529 date: None words: 11 flesch: 80 summary: An Act of Parliament may provide that subsections (2) and (3)-- keywords: act cache: Zimbabwe-2529.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2529.txt item: #669 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2530 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2530 date: None words: 20 flesch: 65 summary: do not apply to any particular international treaty or agreement or to any class of such treaties or agreements; or keywords: agreements cache: Zimbabwe-2530.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2530.txt item: #670 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2531 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2531 date: None words: 21 flesch: 47 summary: apply with modifications in relation to any particular international treaty or agreement or to any class of such treaties or agreements. keywords: agreements cache: Zimbabwe-2531.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2531.txt item: #671 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2532 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2532 date: None words: 36 flesch: 1 summary: Parliament may by resolution declare that any particular international treaty or class of international treaties does not require approval under subsection (2), but such a resolution does not apply to treaties whose application or operation requires-- keywords: resolution cache: Zimbabwe-2532.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2532.txt item: #672 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2533 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2533 date: None words: 12 flesch: 39 summary: the withdrawal or appropriation of funds from the Consolidated Revenue Fund; or keywords: withdrawal cache: Zimbabwe-2533.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2533.txt item: #673 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2534 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2534 date: None words: 7 flesch: 30 summary: any modification of the law of Zimbabwe. keywords: zimbabwe cache: Zimbabwe-2534.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2534.txt item: #674 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2535 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2535 date: None words: 43 flesch: 11 summary: When interpreting legislation, every court and tribunal must adopt any reasonable interpretation of the legislation that is consistent with any international convention, treaty or agreement which is binding on Zimbabwe, in preference to an alternative interpretation inconsistent with that convention, treaty or agreement. keywords: agreement cache: Zimbabwe-2535.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2535.txt item: #675 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2570 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2570 date: None words: 29 flesch: 51 summary: Communal Land means land set aside under an Act of Parliament and held in accordance with customary law by members of a community under the leadership of a Chief; keywords: land cache: Zimbabwe-2570.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2570.txt item: #676 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2574 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2574 date: None words: 15 flesch: 50 summary: customary law means the customary law of any section or community of Zimbabwe's people; keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2574.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2574.txt item: #677 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2595 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2595 date: None words: 2 flesch: 120 summary: law means-- keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2595.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2595.txt item: #678 of 678 id: Zimbabwe-2598 author: Zimbabwe title: Zimbabwe-2598 date: None words: 21 flesch: 32 summary: any unwritten law in force in Zimbabwe, including customary law; and lawful, lawfully, legal and legally are to be construed accordingly; keywords: law cache: Zimbabwe-2598.txt plain text: Zimbabwe-2598.txt