Sustainability by design: Takeaways from Linux Foundation Research “The Carbon Footprint of NFTs” report – Hyperledger Foundation 2025 Update: Off to a Fast Start! Read on → Search Join About About Explore membership Members Technical Advisory Council Governing Board Speakers Bureau Staff FAQ Store Contact us Technologies Ledger technologies Interoperability Integration & implementation Decentralized identity Cryptographic tools & protocols Project matrix Labs All projects Deploy Certified service providers Vendor directory Training partners Participate Why get involved? How to contribute Contribute to code Host your project with us Regional chapters Special interest groups Job board Resources Linux Foundation ID Logos & guidelines Trademarks & guidelines Charter Code of conduct Github repos Discord Wiki Mailing lists Report a security bug Learn Case studies Training & certifications Use case tracker Member webinars Insights News Blog Announcements Newsletters Events Events Meetups Meeting calendar Join Follow Us Blog | Climate Sustainability by design: Takeaways from Linux Foundation Research “The Carbon Footprint of NFTs” report Hyperledger | Apr 22, 2022 As Tom Brady, DCComics and Visa will tell you, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are a class of assets underpinning the worlds of digital art, digital collectibles, metaverse gaming, and beyond, that have exploded in popularity. At the same time, they have been met with skepticism, tainted by market hype, and associated with energy-intensive Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanisms. Diving into this tug of war between innovation and sustainability, Linux Foundation Research, in collaboration with Hyperledger Foundation and Palm NFT Studio, just released a detailed report on the current and future state of carbon consumption and NFTs that explores the environmental impact of NFTs, investigating how and why NFTs can have varying carbon footprints depending on underlying technology stacks.  As this report, “The Carbon Footprint of NFTs,” confirms, not all blockchains are created equal. Case in point: Recent estimates suggested that mining activities associated with cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin are responsible for emitting 114.06 megatons of carbon dioxide per year. That’s as much as the entire country of the Czech Republic. This report looks at problematic energy use for specific types of blockchains and then dives into several emerging blockchain technologies that can reduce or eliminate these harms. It goes on to provide guidance on steps and strategies to not only increase the sustainability of blockchain but leverage the innovation of NFTs and smart contracts to tackle climate change itself.  Researched and written to provide an objective look at pitfalls and potentials of NFTs, this detailed report includes interviews and insights from climate experts, economists, technologists and companies on the front line of NFT and blockchain innovation. The key takeaways are outlined in the graphic below: The report’s final words are “The choices are up to you,” underscoring that there is a path to sustainability with NFTs. The key is putting the climate front and center in design, development and deployment decisions taking place right now.  Download the full report to find out more about the pathway to NFT sustainability. View previous blog post Back to all blog posts View next blog post The latest community news in your inbox Select the checkboxes below for the monthly decentralized digest and dev/weekly newsletters About LF Decentralized Trust The Linux Foundation's flagship organization for the development and deployment of decentralized systems and technologies. About Members TAC Governing board Speakers bureau Staff FAQ Contact us Technologies Ledger technologies Interoperability Integration & implementation Decentralized identity Cryptographic tools & protocols Project matrix Labs Participate Why get involved? How to contribute Contribute to code Host your project with us Regional chapters Special interest groups Job board Deploy Certified service providers Vendor directory Training partners Resources Linux Foundation ID Logos & guidelines Trademarks & guidelines Charter Code of conduct Github repos Discord Wiki Mailing lists Report a security bug Learn Case studies Training & certifications Use case tracker Member webinars Insights Events Events Meetups Meeting calendar News Blog Announcements Newsletters Meeting Calendar Copyright © 2025 The Linux Foundation®. All rights reserved. LF Decentralized Trust is a trademark of The Linux Foundation. For a list of LF Decentralized Trust's trademarks, please see our Trademark Usage page. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.