        item: #1 of 100
          id: race-1994-00
      author: None
       title: race-1994-00
        date: 1994
       words: 1753
      flesch: 53
     summary: Spicier Melting Pot The next best thing is to seek the support of other Asian American groups. The academic achievements of Asian American students have stirred both admiration and envy.
    keywords: act; action; american; asian; california; century; chinese; civil; common; crimes; discrimination; diverse; ethnic; experts; family; grounds; groups; high; hispanics; immigrants; immigration; instance; japanese; laws; legal; minority; national; new; political; politicians; population; quotas; recent; state; students; support; whites
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        item: #2 of 100
          id: race-1994-01
      author: None
       title: race-1994-01
        date: 1994
       words: 1737
      flesch: 52
     summary: But, at the same time, younger Japanese Americans have grown more distant from things Japanese. Susumu Awanohara Scapegoats no more Japanese Americans caught in trade war cross-fire Half a century after the US, at the start of World War II, incarcer-tenti ^Pa*1686 Americans in delaw camPs without due process of 1 e government has acknowledged its mistake and begun paying compensation to surviving internees.
    keywords: americans; angeles; asian; california; community; culture; early; ethnic; groups; history; internees; internment; japanese; japanese americans; language; los; mainstream; movement; nation; new; population; public; publishers; racial; redress; state; struggle; students; textbooks; time; war; whites; world
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        item: #3 of 100
          id: race-1994-02
      author: None
       title: race-1994-02
        date: 1994
       words: 1758
      flesch: 45
     summary: More importantly, Korean American small businesses provide indirect benefits to large-scale capital by distributing national brand-name products to under served urban populations, reducing labor standards and costs, pioneering new areas of enterprise for eventual takeover by big capital, and perpetuating the myth of ethnic entrepreneurial success within class society. A classic example of what sociologists refer to as a middleman minority, Korean American small business owners serve as an effective buffer between absentee EuroAmerican capitalist owners and non 5.
    keywords: african; american; angeles; areas; asian; attack; black; business; capital; class; communities; community; conflict; economic; economy; entrepreneurial; ethnic; example; family; hispanics; immigrants; korean; korean american; koreatown; large; liquor; los; los angeles; new; owners; percent; popular; population; retail; small; social; store; trade; u.s; white; years; york
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        item: #4 of 100
          id: race-1994-03
      author: None
       title: race-1994-03
        date: 1994
       words: 1877
      flesch: 64
     summary: The movement S^the^^^ fouI^g of Freedom s Journal, the first Black newspaper, and the convening of first national Black convention. 3, Nat Turner's War COD was speaking, Nat Turner said later. In the hold of that ship, in a manner of speaking, was the whole gorgeous panorama of Black America, was jazz and the spirituals and the black gold that made American capitalism possible.
    keywords: african; allen; american; black; cargo; century; church; color; coming; consciousness; cultural; day; economic; end; ethnic; freedom; gallery; group; history; identity; immigrants; issues; john; later; nat; prayer; racism; richard; rolfe; sexton; ship; social; society; turner; voice; white; years
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        item: #5 of 100
          id: race-1994-04
      author: None
       title: race-1994-04
        date: 1994
       words: 1933
      flesch: 76
     summary: To Sister Winny in Virginia, to Jane Montgomery in Louisiana, to Ed Bluff in Mississippi, to Black people all over the South and all over America, it was the Time of Jubilee, the wild, happy, sad, mocking, tearful, fearful time of the unchaining of the bodies of Black folks. 1 Vashington s refusal to make a direct anc open attack on Jim Crow and his im-plic it acceptance of segregation brought hin into conflict with W.E.B. DuBois and| a group of Black militants who or gan ized the germinal Niagara Movement.
    keywords: african; america; americans; big; black; cases; cities; court; crowd; dubois; fingers; foundation; free; freedom; great; history; little; militants; monday; movement; niagara; oyez; people; segregation; south; states; storm; supreme; things; time; united; war; warren; washington; whites; words; year
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        item: #6 of 100
          id: race-1994-05
      author: None
       title: race-1994-05
        date: 1994
       words: 1831
      flesch: 64
     summary: Some black scholars say that, in contrast to many generational shifts, younger black leaders today largely share the perspectives of their predecessors. But if younger African-Americans generally share common ideals with their elders, many young that black leaders should what less on civil rights a economic and social issu education, and drug e charts.)
    keywords: advancement; african; americans; anthony; arena; black; charts; christian; city; civil; colored; core; country; detroit; generation; government; guard; hollowell; leaders; leadership; league; naacp; national; new; people; political; rights; science; time; united; urban; washington; white; years; young; younger
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        item: #7 of 100
          id: race-1994-06
      author: None
       title: race-1994-06
        date: 1994
       words: 1883
      flesch: 64
     summary: Developing a healthy self-image would difficult enough for black children with all the real-life reminders that Macks and whites are still treated differ-cNly Growing up in this all fading world of whiteness can be Psychologically exhausting for black children just as th
    keywords: african; agenda; americans; angeles; black; children; city; civil; community; congresswoman; constituents; daughter; district; experience; georgia; job; l.a; los; mckinney; needs; new; old; people; problems; programs; racial; racism; renaissance; rights; rural; self; staff; white; whitlock; year
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        item: #8 of 100
          id: race-1994-07
      author: None
       title: race-1994-07
        date: 1994
       words: 1948
      flesch: 73
     summary: White children are no less to racial messages. There are many more positive images about black people in the media than there used to be, but there s still a lot that says that white is more beautiful and powerful than black, that white is good and black is bad, says James P. Comer, a Yale University psychiatrist who collaborated with fellow black psychiatrist Alvin F. Poussaint on Raising Black Chil- dren (Plume).
    keywords: african; baby; black; children; dark; dolls; girl; good; hair; home; hopson; kate; light; messages; movement; old; parents; people; portia; powell; racial; school; sense; skinned; society; today; white; year
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        item: #9 of 100
          id: race-1994-08
      author: None
       title: race-1994-08
        date: 1994
       words: 1918
      flesch: 69
     summary: Statistics show that black women are less likely to marry white men than black men are to wed white women. Not surprisingly, almost every person I spoke with told me of numerous painful experiences; in fact, many of them admitted their own desire to reproduce lighter children children who could easily assimilate in a white American society.
    keywords: african; americans; beautiful; beauty; black; caballero; children; conflict; dark; families; family; hair; marriage; mother; parents; percent; poor; rights; self; skinned; society; time; today; university; wedlock; white; women; years
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        item: #10 of 100
          id: race-1994-09
      author: None
       title: race-1994-09
        date: 1994
       words: 1944
      flesch: 74
     summary: I don t think blacl thrown black men out, who sparked a controvei became pregnant out of years ago, long before Brown knew what a home was. UNDER *10,000- *25,000- *30,000- *50.000- OVK *10,000 20,000 30,000 35,000 75,000 *75 O O SOtlBCK CENSUS BUREAU, 199* More and more, black men aren t there to build marriages or to stick around through the hard years of parenting.
    keywords: african; american; black; boys; children; church; community; don; economic; family; father; government; help; life; male; man; marriage; men; mothers; need; newsweek; people; question; responsibility; right; single; street; walker; washington; white; women; years
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        item: #11 of 100
          id: race-1994-10
      author: None
       title: race-1994-10
        date: 1994
       words: 1911
      flesch: 74
     summary: Ironically, just as the job market col 150 lapsed for black men, it opened for black women, who went to college while black men went to war. But the jobs of black women came at the expense of black men.
    keywords: 70s; african; america; black; calhoun; census; children; college; comer; education; extended; family; government; insanity; jobs; likely; marriage; men; network; number; people; percent; problems; programs; slavery; social; states; today; war; white; women; works; years
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        item: #12 of 100
          id: race-1994-11
      author: None
       title: race-1994-11
        date: 1994
       words: 1833
      flesch: 56
     summary: Bruce viciously castigated black women. The act that black women failed to complain of being raped by men of their race counted as strong proof of the sexual ^ess of plantation women as a class.
    keywords: america; black; black family; bruce; calhoun; civil; degeneracy; differences; facts; family; historical; journalists; moyers; moynihan; myth; nation; negro; old; passage; pathology; people; political; president; race; racism; report; rights; sexual; social; state; struggle; time; white; women; words; years
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        item: #13 of 100
          id: race-1994-12
      author: None
       title: race-1994-12
        date: 1994
       words: 1833
      flesch: 53
     summary: The N.B.L.R. challenged the implication that the only ptimate and sanctioned family form is nuclear and patri-chal, and observed: One was left with the impression that black families generally do not have fathers in the home, but there was no serious examination of the reasons for the absence of the father within some black families. It indicates how high is the level of responsibility for nationwide police practices of treating black Americans as if they are foreign enemies and, with sickening regularity, eliminating many.
    keywords: african; americans; association; bad; black; bush; cbs; crime; darker; domestic; families; family; fellow; human; immorality; impulses; jungle; king; level; moyers; n.b.l.r; national; nature; new; people; political; politics; president; public; racism; reagan; republican; self; social; states; system; university; white; world
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        item: #14 of 100
          id: race-1994-13
      author: None
       title: race-1994-13
        date: 1994
       words: 1903
      flesch: 67
     summary: One expert has estimated that between 30 percent and 70 percent of racial segregation is the result of economic concerns, such as home value. So set are white home buyers in their identification of the suburbs as being white that a 1985 study of white voters in Detroit by the Michigan Democratic Party found that whites believed that not being black is what, by definition, constitutes being middle class and that not living with blacks is what makes a neighborhood a decent place to live.
    keywords: african; american; areas; blacks; children; cities; city; class; cravens; demand; detroit; didn; donnell; economic; estate; home; housing; massey; middle; numbers; percent; real; segregated; segregation; seller; suburbs; value; wealth; whites; women; world
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        item: #15 of 100
          id: race-1994-14
      author: None
       title: race-1994-14
        date: 1994
       words: 1836
      flesch: 60
     summary: It found that price appreciation in middleass black areas lagged behind those in white areas. Often, the only time black home buyers get a chance to smile back is in the courtroom.
    keywords: areas; behavior; black; bromley; class; costs; d.c; discrimination; equity; estate; generations; home; housing; industry; market; massey; middle; money; new; past; people; percent; person; prices; racial; real; rental; result; sales; segregation; study; washington; wealth; white
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        item: #16 of 100
          id: race-1994-15
      author: None
       title: race-1994-15
        date: 1994
       words: 1763
      flesch: 49
     summary: The winds of social change, whether in the plains, Eastern Europe, or in the internal m populations reveal the varied texture of etf America. The persistence of contributions and concerns of various ethnic immigrant groups over many generations provided a deep weave and pattern to the material and social history of America.
    keywords: america; ancient; art; artistic; black; century; ceracchi; country; cultural; d.c; early; ethnic; ethnicity; europe; fair; groups; history; housing; italian; life; massey; national; new; nineteenth; political; populations; portrait; republic; sculptors; second; segregation; social; south; states; street; suite; time; u.s; washington; whites
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        item: #17 of 100
          id: race-1994-16
      author: None
       title: race-1994-16
        date: 1994
       words: 1855
      flesch: 62
     summary: ^an' Florence, and London, where he exe-,e Several important monuments and portrait busts, sh Ud*g one Sir Joshua Reynolds. Other Italians who did Washington portraits (though not from life) were Trentanove, from the Stuart portrait, and Antonio Capellano, in 1828.
    keywords: academy; alfieri; america; art; artists; busts; canova; ceracchi; cotta; equestrian; fathers; florence; general; george; group; hamilton; italian; large; left; life; marble; model; monument; portrait; project; roman; rome; sculptor; states; statue; terra; united; washington
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        item: #18 of 100
          id: race-1994-17
      author: None
       title: race-1994-17
        date: 1994
       words: 1846
      flesch: 64
     summary: In his opinion, Capellano, of Florence, who did Preservation of Captain John Smith by Pocahontas, Causici, of Verona, who did Landing of the Pilgrims and Daniel Boone and the Indians, all in the Capitol, and Persico, of Naples, sculptor of the Statues of Peace and War and The Discovery Group, did not show great strength of inspiration in their attempts to Americanize Italian art. Early Italian Sculptors come to Albemarle County Virginia, in 1773, to introduce the cultivation of grape, olive, and other Italian fruits in America.
    keywords: academy; america; andrei; art; artists; brother; capitol; carrara; ceracchi; charles; desportes; eagle; fairman; franzoni; giuseppe; great; house; italian; italy; jefferson; latrobe; law; mazzei; native; new; peale; people; representatives; sculptors; sculpture; states; time; u.s; united; washington
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        item: #19 of 100
          id: race-1994-18
      author: None
       title: race-1994-18
        date: 1994
       words: 1857
      flesch: 65
     summary: In a broader sense, the new e hnicity includes a renewed self-consciousness on the M of other generations and other ethnic groups: the / the Norwegians and Swedes, the Germans, the and Japanese, and others. They are intended to speak directly of a limited (and yet quite large) range of ethnic groups, while conceding indirectly that much that is said of Southern and Eastern Europeans may also be said, mutatis mutandis, of others.
    keywords: american; class; confidence; conscious; eastern; ethnic; ethnicity; european; good; groups; internal; main; michael; minorities; movement; new; novak; people; power; public; resistance; self; sense; southern; states; united; vote; wallace; white; word
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        item: #20 of 100
          id: race-1994-19
      author: None
       title: race-1994-19
        date: 1994
       words: 1807
      flesch: 57
     summary: The fact of American cultural power is that a more or less upper-class, Northeastern Protestant sensibility sets the tone, and that a fairly aggressive British American ethnocentricity, and even Anglophilia, govern the instruments of education and public life. Individual diversity yes; group identity, not for all.
    keywords: american; blacks; british; catholic; class; cultural; culture; divisive; education; ethnicity; group; history; identity; institutions; ivy; jews; league; liberal; life; nation; new; northeastern; perception; politics; power; protestant; public; self; social; states; united; white
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        item: #21 of 100
          id: race-1994-20
      author: None
       title: race-1994-20
        date: 1994
       words: 1783
      flesch: 55
     summary: Institutional racism is a reality; the massive migration of blacks into a neighborhood does not bring with it social rewards but, almost exclusively, punishments. Significant ethnic diversity is manih the proportion of each group studying in univers faculties, in the professions, on boards of di among the creators of public social symbols, and 1 In patterns of home ownership, family incom< patterns, care for the aged, political activism, au1 ianism, individualism, and matters of ultimate c group differences are remarkable.
    keywords: american; blacks; cent; chicago; child; common; cultural; differences; different; diversity; ethnic; ethnicity; example; groups; heritage; irish; italians; liberal; life; long; melting; multicultural; neighborhoods; new; politics; pot; proponents; racism; range; response; rights; significant; social; white
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        item: #22 of 100
          id: race-1994-21
      author: None
       title: race-1994-21
        date: 1994
       words: 1783
      flesch: 52
     summary: We recommend that the conduct of Polish American Congress affairs be pursued from a broad domestic concept which includes all efforts of Polish Americans or permanent residents of the United States in acting on behalf of our own ethnic community and Poland. It created the avenue for Polish Americans and encouraged visions of positive achievements that would be the driving force following the Second World War serving to elevate th! good name and prestige of Poland, the Polish people and Americans of Polish heritage.
    keywords: ads; american; american congress; ancestry; beer; busch; company; congress; convention; day; drinking; ethnic; free; heritage; influence; ireland; irish; levels; national; organizations; patrick; people; poland; polish; polish american; political; soviet; states; stereotypes; union; war; world; years
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        item: #23 of 100
          id: race-1994-22
      author: None
       title: race-1994-22
        date: 1994
       words: 1736
      flesch: 46
     summary: Don t hesitate to ask them for a presentation that will honor the Polish American taxpayers during Polish American Heritage Month. 10. Contact your local radio, television and newspapers to tell them about Polish American Heritage Month and its activities in your area.
    keywords: activities; american; area; arts; children; committee; community; congress; council; directors; display; education; encourage; ethnic; event; groups; hall; heritage; leaders; leadership; local; month; national; network; october; organizations; poland; polish; polish american; political; public; qualified; request; schools; students; united
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        item: #24 of 100
          id: race-1994-23
      author: None
       title: race-1994-23
        date: 1994
       words: 1875
      flesch: 73
     summary: 180 At the Gates of Nightmare A New Museum Raises Old Questions Abmu Eni and Ourselves Henry Allen Washington Post Staff Writer Six million Jews died in the Holocaust, and who can name one of them? As Bauman points out, at that rate it would have taken 200 years to kill the Jews who were killed by the Holocaust. Reason, efficiency, a grand vision.
    keywords: allies; american; area; auschwitz; billboard; building; camps; children; death; events; evil; floor; great; heritage; hitler; holocaust; jewish; jews; local; month; moral; museum; national; nazis; october; old; organizations; people; polish; polish american; position; real; shame; statistic; things
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        item: #25 of 100
          id: race-1994-24
      author: None
       title: race-1994-24
        date: 1994
       words: 1862
      flesch: 65
     summary: Later in the 60s says Novick, friction between blacks and Jews would lead toe Jews to use toe Holocaust as their credential of oppression. 6 F ^What is the Holocaust in toe American
    keywords: african; american; approaches; challenges; civil; claims; conflict; education; ethnic; example; family; future; groups; holocaust; human; institutions; jewish; jews; nazis; novick; past; people; policy; political; population; process; public; reality; rights; social; society; strategies; students; time; toe; underclass; use; war; years
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        item: #26 of 100
          id: race-1994-25
      author: None
       title: race-1994-25
        date: 1994
       words: 1859
      flesch: 62
     summary: The Spaniards came later, looking for the Seven Cities of Gold, but when they found none in what is today the southwestern United States, they left their language and their religion, and sometimes their blood. So he became J5tmanifest itself a f'SpanK' cul,urt of ,hc United States p^yasinas I CCfu> as ln * ^n painting; as S^lasthanProduction by l.uis Valdez; with a c v ' 8I'RuNn Bl.d ind h r Webrin'i45 native Hisna affirmall n forces newcom- What * uld Vh'k a'k ,hcmie,v ' do ^country?-hkc 10 retain?
    keywords: americans; angeles; border; carlos; challenges; city; conflict; culture; english; ethnic; example; family; groups; hispanic; ibero; immigrants; interests; language; los; majority; memory; mexican; mexico; old; origin; political; puerto; respect; return; san; second; spanish; states; united; united states; way; world
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        item: #27 of 100
          id: race-1994-26
      author: None
       title: race-1994-26
        date: 1994
       words: 1881
      flesch: 63
     summary: Tudjman did not offer them guarantees that would have allayed their worrit Although it was the Serbs in Krajina who prov outbreak of hostilities, over the long run the between Serbs and Croats in Croatia and Slav been fueled by culturally derived feelings of otl between Orthodox Serbs and Catholic Croats. Today's horrors are woven from strands of nothing less than the entire tapestry of history since the 6th-century Slavic invasion of the Balkans, with the subsequent division of Croats and Serbs between Catholicism and Orthodoxy and eventually Islam.
    keywords: a.d; american; art; author; black; bosnia; catholic; cause; creed; croatia; croats; cultural; culture; experience; goya; history; indian; isolation; memory; mexican; mirror; muslim; new; orthodox; paintings; price; sense; serbian; serbs; society; spain; spanish; time; women; world
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        item: #28 of 100
          id: race-1994-27
      author: None
       title: race-1994-27
        date: 1994
       words: 1836
      flesch: 59
     summary: Policy responses in^t United States, Britain, and France since the ate have influenced the development of concentrations Poor ethnic and racial minorities in each nation. be 'd7 X tas spite United States.
    keywords: american; balkan; bosnia; britain; brookings; cities; economic; ethnic; europe; family; france; french; government; guilt; healing; history; income; islamic; jurisdictions; kosovo; local; medic; medieval; muslims; nation; order; political; poverty; race; racial; right; separate; serbian; serbs; situation; states; united; use; war; way
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        item: #29 of 100
          id: race-1994-28
      author: None
       title: race-1994-28
        date: 1994
       words: 1696
      flesch: 46
     summary: During 1960s and 1970s central cities and suburbs in North and Midwest had tended to vote in similar rections; by 1980 the suburban and urban vote split sharply, with cities remaining the only Der cratic stronghold. - From Bad to Worse Policy changes in the 1980s drove deener i. cult for cities to address the deepening poverty witl their borders.
    keywords: 1960s; aid; areas; britain; british; central; cities; city; class; council; development; federal; government; housing; inner; local; metropolitan; new; percent; poor; postwar; poverty; public; race; racial; special; states; suburban; suburbs; tax; united; urban
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        item: #30 of 100
          id: race-1994-29
      author: None
       title: race-1994-29
        date: 1994
       words: 1712
      flesch: 45
     summary: Local government in France, as in the United States, is fragmented into many small units. The myriad development decisions of local governments replaced the strong central hand that once allocated economic activities and populations among different regions and within metropolitan areas.
    keywords: areas; authorities; britain; british; central; city; development; economic; france; french; government; hlm; housing; local; localities; metropolitan; middle; national; new; political; politics; poll; poor; power; problems; public; racial; social; socialists; states; tax; thatcher; united; urban
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        item: #31 of 100
          id: race-1994-30
      author: None
       title: race-1994-30
        date: 1994
       words: 1683
      flesch: 49
     summary: 5 That, incidentally, explains why, in a struggle of ethnic nationalism class nationalism, ethnic nationalism always wins: It offers the additional comfort of kinship and affective ties, the warmth of community as opposed to impersonal class interests. Socialism, that is, class nationalism (as opposed to ethnic nationalism), emphasized devotion to one s class within one s ethnic entity.
    keywords: assumption; attachments; bourgeois; class; classes; common; communist; conflict; economic; empires; ethnic; ethnicity; fascism; groups; language; marx; mobility; modernity; movements; nationalism; particular; people; primordial; racial; religious; russia; socialism; society; struggle; world
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        item: #32 of 100
          id: race-1994-31
      author: None
       title: race-1994-31
        date: 1994
       words: 1770
      flesch: 56
     summary: So the verdict is still out tant thing to keep in mind is ing pot can only work in a se where ethnic groups lack 1 And among certain ethnic groups high rates of intermarriage suggest the approach of complete meltdown: 70 percent for Germans and Irish, 50 percent for Poles and Italians, 40 percent for French Canadians.15 However, there are several cracks clearly visible in the melting pot.
    keywords: america; apartheid; assimilation; cantons; complete; congress; country; course; determination; ethnic; ethnicity; european; great; group; international; large; melting; nationalism; percent; political; pot; principle; racial; rates; religious; self; social; south; states; struggle; theory; war
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        item: #33 of 100
          id: race-1994-32
      author: None
       title: race-1994-32
        date: 1994
       words: 1774
      flesch: 64
     summary: Helwerth and Schwarz have been commissioned by the Berlin Senate for Employment and Women to do research for a project called Estranged Sisters: Differences Between East and West German Feminists. According to a 1989 survey to determine the attitudes of West German youth toward authoritarian and nationalistic ideas, girls were less receptive than boys to extreme right-wing slogans such as Germany for the Germans or Out with the foreigners.
    keywords: anc; autonomy; basis; berghe; berlin; conflict; consociationalism; corporate; decision; den; east; ethnic; foreigners; form; german; groups; individual; minority; nationalism; new; percent; personal; pierre; political; press; racism; smith; status; swiss; system; territorial; times; ulrich; van; west; women; york; young
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        item: #34 of 100
          id: race-1994-33
      author: None
       title: race-1994-33
        date: 1994
       words: 1818
      flesch: 60
     summary: [Showing Our Colors: Afro-German Women Speak Out], African German women thus publicly confronted white German women with the following truths: racism in Germany cannot be neutralized by slogans including the word xenophobia ; racism has nothing to do with nationality and everything to do with color; and white Germans, men and women, have a hard time accepting others. 1\vo Turkish women and a small girl were result, the subject of racism to which lewish, in African German women have been trying to direct tl of white feminists suddenly acquired a terrifying significance that could no longer be ignored.
    keywords: berlin; citizenship; country; east; eastern; feminists; foreigners; germany; homes; magazine; movement; new; november; people; political; racism; role; schwarzer; self; social; society; victim; violence; west; western; white; women; work; years
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        item: #35 of 100
          id: race-1994-34
      author: None
       title: race-1994-34
        date: 1994
       words: 1773
      flesch: 53
     summary: Systematic knowledge about ethnic groups has not been a central scholarly concern In fact mainstream literacy, humanistic, and historical disciplines have only recently begun to displace sociological attention to the pathologies of urban ethnicity as the primary contact and source of information and in ethnic traditions. The historic role that vo have played in the reduction of bias an needs to be understood and revitalized, ciations can take part in a host of state an that can improve intergroup relations, ents can help children understand co differences among and within ethnic groups.
    keywords: acts; america; americans; attitudes; conflict; cultural; development; differences; ethnic; fact; groups; immigrants; immigration; increase; leaders; media; melting; national; newsweek; people; percent; pluralism; political; pot; public; racial; relations; rights; role; social; studies; understanding; violence; world; zangwill
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        item: #36 of 100
          id: race-1994-35
      author: None
       title: race-1994-35
        date: 1994
       words: 1841
      flesch: 62
     summary: 2% Othere19%' TEXAS Texas and Mexico share some 1.200 miles of porous border, along which the INS has apprehended about 380,000 illegal aliens so far this year. IMMIGRANTS BY COUNTRY Mexico 80% El Salvador 4% Vietnam 2% Others 14% - America s Legal Immigr The United States accepts more immigrants than allot industrialized nations combined.
    keywords: aliens; american; angeles; bad; california; city; cost; country; fuchs; good; home; illegal; immigrants; immigration; jobs; law; levels; los; melting; mexico; native; new; percent; states; thing; today; u.s; united; welfare; world; year
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        item: #37 of 100
          id: race-1994-36
      author: None
       title: race-1994-36
        date: 1994
       words: 1847
      flesch: 64
     summary: There is a third issue as many people, really, can th United States support? Owing partly to a further liberalization of the law in 1990 and partly to the IRCA amnesty, the United States now accepts more immigrants than all other industrialized nations combined.
    keywords: america; americans; assimilation; asylum; avenue; current; different; english; federal; fuchs; future; generation; immigrants; immigration; kids; languages; law; life; newsweek; people; percent; policy; population; question; rights; school; spanish; states; students; u.s; union; united; visas; year
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        item: #38 of 100
          id: race-1994-37
      author: None
       title: race-1994-37
        date: 1994
       words: 1893
      flesch: 68
     summary: If there is racial bias, Allen argued, 't stems from black students themselves. At I out of 3 large schools, most whites have a physical fear of black students, while the reverse is true at fewer than 1 in 10.
    keywords: black; campus; center; chancellor; chapel; cultural; feel; friends; hardin; herron; high; hill; junior; kelly; large; like; n.c; news; old; race; racial; relations; report; school; senior; sophomore; students; u.s; unc; university; white; world; year
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        item: #39 of 100
          id: race-1994-38
      author: None
       title: race-1994-38
        date: 1994
       words: 1929
      flesch: 71
     summary: For Phi the best efforts of well-met cannot heal the wounds of r cause of what's happened there s always going to be who consider black people there ll be black people who hate white people, he sai understand that? I don t think it s the responsibility of black people to step outside of who we are when you re not willing to step outside of who you are.
    keywords: black; campus; center; chapel; community; copland; cultural; culture; davis; diversity; don; feel; friends; group; hark; hill; louisville; old; people; percent; programs; racial; south; students; tactics; white; year
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        item: #40 of 100
          id: race-1994-39
      author: None
       title: race-1994-39
        date: 1994
       words: 1735
      flesch: 54
     summary: For ten days in the early fall of 1990, the Universi of Louisville campus went into a whirlwind of activi focusing on diversity issues. The speak, included some of the nation s leading spokesperso including Derrick Bell, Jr., Dr. Harry Edwards, Jai Escalante, Dr. Jacqueline Fleming, Dr. Edward Nichols, Michael Woo, and Giancarlo Esposito.8 For ten days... the university... campus went into a whirlwind of activity focusing on diversity issues.
    keywords: african; american; blacks; campus; celebration; college; committee; community; covenant; cultural; enrollment; events; faculty; increase; issues; louisville; members; participants; people; percent; president; program; race; racial; racism; students; swain; symbol; system; university; urban; whites; year
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        item: #41 of 100
          id: race-1994-40
      author: None
       title: race-1994-40
        date: 1994
       words: 1709
      flesch: 48
     summary: Th University of Louisville program contradicts the coi ventional media view of diversity programs as beir hateful, separatist, and sometimes violent. Diversity programs should not be narro fined as attempting only to ameliorate racism1 224 48.
    keywords: academic; african; appreciation; celebration; classroom; community; curriculum; diversity; events; faculty; greater; groups; important; issues; louisville; member; minorities; minority; need; participants; people; percent; perspectives; program; race; research; speakers; students; understanding; white
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        item: #42 of 100
          id: race-1994-41
      author: None
       title: race-1994-41
        date: 1994
       words: 1809
      flesch: 60
     summary: His demands for tenured African-American and female law professors al vard University School of Law led to recent front-page stories around the nation. OTHER SOURCES Chafetz, J., Hispanics in the United States, New Re, Fall 1990, pp. 15-18. DePree, M. Leadership is an Art (New York, Dell, 19 Gilderbloom, J. et al.
    keywords: america; angeles; assistants; black; campus; celebration; century; college; country; cultural; europe; fitzpatrick; gilderbloom; housing; human; law; los; louisville; national; new; number; office; past; plan; policy; race; recent; resident; right; school; special; states; students; times; united; university; west; white; world; york
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        item: #43 of 100
          id: race-1994-42
      author: None
       title: race-1994-42
        date: 1994
       words: 1834
      flesch: 59
     summary: These clerics and intellectuals know that secularism is doomed to irrelevance for most Islamic societies, and that the most important project they can pursue is the reformation of Islam from within. First, there is the charge that these immigrants a truly integrated into western societies, so inimical are t res and collective allegiances.
    keywords: american; century; changes; christian; concern; conservatives; countries; cultural; culture; england; english; foremost; france; french; future; host; immigration; islam; islamic; long; muslim; nationalism; new; opposition; population; reformation; sense; society; states; time; united; western; world
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        item: #44 of 100
          id: race-1994-43
      author: None
       title: race-1994-43
        date: 1994
       words: 1885
      flesch: 68
     summary: High-school graduates or anyone working toward an equivalency diploma can apply through local programs. But the White House had to decide: should the legislation favor local programs that share the same vision as C
    keywords: aid; american; blacks; campaign; class; clinton; college; country; education; government; gray; house; income; loans; low; middle; money; national; new; newsweek; people; plan; poor; program; race; school; service; students; white; year; young
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        item: #45 of 100
          id: race-1994-44
      author: None
       title: race-1994-44
        date: 1994
       words: 1926
      flesch: 69
     summary: If national service continues t it will be very difficult to increase grant aid. They launched another attack from the left, this time proposing to forbid rich kids from receiving national service benefits.
    keywords: aid; benefit; bill; blacks; clinton; college; committee; country; fight; grants; hard; house; kids; life; loan; money; national; pell; people; political; program; republicans; senate; service; staff; student; time; white; young
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        item: #46 of 100
          id: race-1994-45
      author: None
       title: race-1994-45
        date: 1994
       words: 1868
      flesch: 60
     summary: What replaces .. ern *s sometimes a mere option of electives, sometimes ^ulticultural courses introducing material from ird World cultures and thinning out an already thin arnpling of Western writings, and sometimes courses geared especially to issues of class, race, and gender. By Augu Summer of Service had illustrated the tremendous tial of the approach: volunteers in Atlanta set up ar school program for 250 poor kids; 87 volunteers in Texas went door to door and brought 100,000 scho in for immunizations.
    keywords: academic; academy; american; book; certain; class; clinton; courses; cultural; culture; fact; far; ford; half; house; italian; kids; left; literature; marxist; mere; new; past; poor; professors; program; school; service; social; society; trotsky; understanding; value; view; white; world; writings
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        item: #47 of 100
          id: race-1994-46
      author: None
       title: race-1994-46
        date: 1994
       words: 1931
      flesch: 64
     summary: Some may sneer at Western hegemony, but knowingly or not, ey do so in the vocabulary of Western values. It spoke in behalf of such liberal values as the autonomy the self, tolerance for a plurality of opinions, the 'ghts of oppressed national and racial groups, and so n, the claims of the women s movements.
    keywords: cal; certain; course; criticism; cultural; culture; education; great; heritage; intellectual; late; literature; mere; minds; novel; opinions; outlook; past; play; political; sense; society; students; thought; times; value; western; women; works; world; writers
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        item: #48 of 100
          id: race-1994-47
      author: None
       title: race-1994-47
        date: 1994
       words: 1932
      flesch: 64
     summary: Wittingly or not, the traditional literary and intellects canon was based on received elitist ideologies, the values^ Western imperialism, racism, sexism, etc- nA*e^ the humanities was marked by corresponding biases-It is no necessary to enlarge the canon so that voices from Africa Asu for minority students so that they may learn about their ongi and thereby gain in self-esteem. As for the argument that minority students will gain in self-esteem through being exposed to writings by Africans and black Americans, it is hard to know.
    keywords: achievements; black; century; claim; communist; conservative; course; education; esteem; good; hierarchy; liberal; literary; literature; minority; people; poetry; political; politics; right; self; sense; social; society; students; teachers; teaching; texts; thought; university; value; western; white; works
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        item: #49 of 100
          id: race-1994-48
      author: None
       title: race-1994-48
        date: 1994
       words: 1812
      flesch: 31
     summary: 79 El Salvador, indigenous peoples of, Emancipation Proclamation, 55 employment, immigrants and, 39 4( 42, 52 English only movement, 127 environmental issues, indigenous pe and, 67, 69-72 Equal Opportunity Employment Commission, 126 equal protection clause, of the Fourti Amendment, 20, 21, 22 Ethiopia, indigenous peoples of, 72 ethnic conflict, 198-204; in the Balka 190-192 ethnicity, Eastern Europeans and, 16! Eurocentrism, 235 Europe: Eastern, ethnicity and, 169-1 immigration to, 43-44; race and u poverty in, 193-197; racism and religion in, 227-229 experiential education, for Native American youth, 78-80 Fair Housing Act, 156, 160 family; blacks and, 147-151,152-156; Hispanics and, 96-97,188 family-based immigration, 39 family-reunification policy, immigration and, 213 farm workers, immigration and, 41, 48 fascism, 200 feminists, in Germany, 206-207 fetishes, 82 filioque controversy, 190 Fix, Michael, 38, 39, 40 Fong, Matthew, 124-125 Fong Yue Ting v United States, 33 Foreign Miner's Tax, 114-115, 116 Fourteenth Amendment, to the U.S. Constitution: and Brown v. Board < Education of Topeka, Kansas; and Plessy v. Ferguson, 11,12,13,14,' and University of California Regem Bakke, 20, 21, 22, 23 France, 201, 227, 228; race and urban poverty in, 193-197 Franklin, Benjamin, 118,166 Franzoni, Giuseppe, 164, 167-168 Freedom Rides, 137 Fuchs, Lawrence, 211, 213-214, 215 Furutani, Warren, 123,124, 125 gadugi, as service-learning model tor Native American communities, 78-1 gambling casinos, Native Americans a 68, 81-85, 88-89 gangs, black, 149 Garcia-Sayan, Diego, 61-62 generational shift, of black leaders, 138-142 genocide, 177; Holocaust and, 181-183 213, 224 Gentleman s Agreement, 33, 34 Germany, racism and xenophobia in, 205-206 . 73 Anderson, Niida, 94, 96 Andrei, Giovanni, 164, 167 anti-Semitism, 26, 75, 183, 200, 207; see also, Jews apartheid, 202-203 Arsua, Tomas, 92-93 art, Mexican-American, 187-188 Asian-Americans, 112-113; politics and, 123-125; victimization of, 114-122 Asiatic Barred Zone, 33 athletic team names, racism in, 73-77 Australia, 201, 202; indigenous peoples of, 70, 72 Bali, indigenous peoples of, 71 Balkans, ethnic conflict in, 190-192 Bangladesh, indigenous peoples of, 70 beer-ad images, of Irish-Americans, 175 Belgium, 227-228 bilingual education, 102 biological diversity, 71 blacks: and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas; children of, 143-144; and Dred Scott v. Sandford, 6-9; family and, 147-151, 152-156; generational shift in leadership of, 138-142; Hispanics and, 105-106; home ownership and, 157-161; Korean-Amencans and, 125, 129-131; and Piessy v. Ferguson, 10-16; and racial tension at the University of North Carolina, 216-219; skin color and, 145-146; and ten most dramatic events in Afro-American history, 34-137; and University of California Regents v. Bakke, 20-25 oat people, Vietnamese, 47 ogomils, 191 lMa, indigenous peoples of, 60, 65-66, 67, 68, 72 or^r Patro* Immigration and Naturalization Service, 42, 43, 210 snia, ethnic conflict in, 190-192 Bra^^na incl'9enous peoples of, 70 r n, indigenous peoples of, 60, 67, 68, 70, 72 228; race and urban poverty in, 193-197 lomley, Charles, 157, 159, 160 r wn v. Board of Education of Topeka, 17-19, 134, 136; Asian-Americans and, ^5, 117, 120 Uchanan, Patrick, 214, 215, 228 Uppies, 138 oreaucratic nationalism, 201 dsh, George, 123, 130, 147, 156, 225 usiness ownership: blacks and, 141-142; cultural diversity and, 55-57; Native Americans and, 84, 85 Calhoun, John, 152,153,156 anada, 201; indigenous peoples of, 67-68, 70, 71 Canova, Antonio, 164,165,166 Cardenas, Victor Hugo, 65-66 Ceracchi, Giuseppe, 164,165-166 Cherlin, Andrew, 147,151 Cherokee people, service-learning (gadugi) among, 78-80 children, black, 143-144,147-151 Chile, indigenous peoples of, 72 Chin, Vincent, murder of, 115,118,125 China, immigration from, 11,12, 32-33, 34; indigenous peoples of, 70, 71, 72 Cisneros, Henry, 108, 160 citizenship: Asian-Americans and, 118; definition of, and Dred Scott v. Sandford, 6-9 civil rights movement, 136,139-140,141, 143, 146, 147, 216 class, and ethnicity, 199-200 Cleaver, Eldridge, 237-238 Clinton, Bill, 108; immigration policy of, 210, 211; National Service program of, 230-234 college campuses: hate crimes on, 121-122; programs to encourage diversity on, 220-226; racial tension on, 216-219 Columbus, Christopher, 60, 67,101, 104, 106 Comer, James R, 143, 144, 149, 150,151 Community Development Block Grants, 194 . .
    keywords: act; agreement; amendment; americans; asian; bakke; blacks; california; conflict; conservatives; differences; education; ethnic; ethnicity; family; great; hispanics; immigrants; immigration; indigenous; indigenous peoples; mexican; movement; native; ownership; peoples; poverty; race; racism; sandford; scott; service; university
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        item: #50 of 100
          id: race-1994-49
      author: None
       title: race-1994-49
        date: 1994
       words: 1781
      flesch: 58
     summary: cks, home ownership and, 157-161 middleman minority, Korean-Americans as, 129-130 Model Cities, 194 model minority, Asian-Americans as, 112, 118, 126 Mody, Navrose, murder of, 120-121 Mongolia, indigenous peoples of, 70 Moore, Charles, 228, 229 Moyers, Bill, 153, 154, 155 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 147, 148, 151, 153-154 multiculturalism, 235 Myanmar, indigenous peoples of, 71, 72 Namibia, indigenous peoples of, 70 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 33, 136, 137, 138, 139, 150 National Black Leadership Roundtable, 154-155 National Indian Youth Leadership Project, 78-80 national origins quota system, 33-34, 35 41 National Service program, Clinton s, 230-234 nationalism, ethnic conflict and, 198, 227 Native Americans, 55, 56, 67-68; athletic team names and, 73-77; environmental issues and, 69-72; North American, 73-77, 78-80, 81-85, 86-87, 88-89; South American, 60-64 65-66, 67 nativist movement, U.S., of the 1830s, 32 Nazis, Holocaust and, 181-183 Neoclassical sculptors, early Italian, in the U.S., 164-168 Nepal, indigenous peoples of, 70 New Deal, 194 New Zealand, 72, 201 Niagara Movement, 136 Nicaragua, indigenous peoples of 70 nisei, 119, 120 Novick, Peter, 181, 183 Nunavut, 67 Okamoto, Kiyoshi, 118, 119 O Loughlin, Frank, 48-49 Operation Wetback, 35 Opium War, 32 Pakistan, indigenous peoples of, 70 Panama, indigenous peoples of, 71 Papua New Guinea, indigenous peoi of, 71 Paraguay, indigenous peoples of, 61 Passel, Jeffrey S., 38, 39, 40, 81, 82 Peace Corps, 231, 234 Peale, Charles Willson, 166, 167 Pell grants, 231, 232, 233 Pequot people, of North America, 8f Peru, indigenous peoples of, 61-62, 67, 68, 72 Philippines, indigenous peoples of, 1 Plessy v. Ferguson, 10-16, 17, 18, 11 135-136 Poland, immigrants from, 46-47 Polish-American Congress, 1992 Convention Resolution Committe Report of, 176-180 political asylum, 213-214 politics: Asian-Americans and, 123-1 Polish-Americans and, 177 poll taxes, 108 Poussaint, Alvin E, 143, 144, 148, poverty: immigrants and, 50, 51, 54; urban, race and, 193-197 Powell-Hopson, Darlene, 143, 144 proportional democracy, 204 quotas, racial, and University of Cal Regents v. Bakke, 20-25 racism, 173; in athletic team names, 73-77; in Germany, 205-206 Rassinier, Paul, 182-183 Refugee Act, 35-36 religion: Hispanics and, 96, 97, 187-race and, 227-229; Supreme Co and, 26-29 revenue sharing, 194 reverse discrimination, and Universi California Regents v. Bakke, 20-ritual dancing, Native American, 88-Russia: indigenous peoples of, 71; nationalism in, 200 Saint Francis College v. Al-Khazraji, 27-29 Sapphires, black women as, 148, Schemitzun, 88-89 school segregation, and Brown v. B of Education of Topeka, 17-19 sculptors, early Italian, in the Unitec States, 164-168 Segal, Eli, 230, 234 separate but equal, and Plessy v. Ferguson, 10-16, 17, 117, 135-11 Serbia, ethnic conflict in, 190-192 Shaare Tefila Congregation v. Cobb Shining Path, Peru s, 62, 64 Shiptars, 191 Siberia, indigenous peoples of, 70, skin color, blacks and, 145-146 skinheads, 205 slavery, 10, 16, 134, 135, 152; and Scoff v. Sandford, 6-9 Slovak-Americans, ethnicity and, 16 social Darwinism, 153 socialism, 199, 200 South Africa, 201, 203 ( Spanish language, Hispanics and,. 102, 188 Special Agricultural Worker (SAW) program, 41 sports: Hispanics and, 97; racism in team names and, 73-77 Stalin, Joseph, 181 200-201 stewardship, environmental, indigenous peoples and, 71 Streicher, Julius, 75, 77 Studs, black men as, 154 Supreme Court, see individual cases Switzerland, apartheid and, 202-204 Szewczyk, Jean, 86-87 Taiwan, indigenous peoples of, 70 Tanzania, indigenous peoples of, 71 television, Spanish-language, 96 textbooks, ethnic influence on, 126 Thailand, indigenous peoples of, 71 Thirteenth Amendment, of the U.S. Constitution, and Plessy v. Ferguson, 10, 11 Tibet, indigenous peoples of, 72 tourism, Native Americans and, 81-85 trade war, Japanese-Americans and, 127-128 Universal Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, 72 University of California Regents v. Bakke, 20-25 University of Louisville, program to encourage diversity in, 220-226 University of North Carolina, racial tension in, 216-219 United States: early Italian sculptors in, 164-168; indigenous peoples of, 67, 68, 69, 71, 73-77, 78-80, 81-85, 86-87, 88-89; race and urban poverty in, 193-197 urban poverty, race and, 193-197 Venezuela, indigenous peoples of, 67 victimization, of Asian-Americans, 114-122 Vietnam: immigrants from, 47-48; indigenous peoples of, 71 Voting Rights Act, 153; and Mexican-Americans, 107-109 Walker, Liz, 148, 149 Walters, Ron, 139-140 War Brides Act of 1945, 34 War on Poverty, 151 Washington, Booker T., 135-136 Whitlock, Mark, 141-142 Wiesel, Elie, 182,183 Williams, Juan, 139,140 Woo, Mike, 123, 124 World War II, Holocaust and, 181-183 xenophobia, in Germany, 205-206 Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118,120 Yugoslavia, ethnic conflict in, 190 191 201, 227 Credits/ ______
    keywords: act; americans; annual; article; asian; bakke; black; conflict; congress; early; editions; ethnic; ferguson; hispanics; immigrants; immigration; indigenous peoples; italian; list; names; national; native; new; north; overview; page; plessy; poverty; program; race; regents; sculptors; team; u.s; united; university; urban; war
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        item: #51 of 100
          id: race-1997-00
      author: None
       title: race-1997-00
        date: 1997
       words: 2041
      flesch: 64
     summary: Instead of focusing so much attention on whether people with less merit are getting various slots, we should be focusing on how to widen and reward the pool of meritorious people. Creating an atmosphere in which people learn they cannot achieve is tantamount to creating failure.
    keywords: action; affirmative; african; americans; belief; better; blacks; color; conversation; debate; discrimination; equality; executives; fault; interest; job; king; meritocracy; minorities; opportunity; past; people; playing; problems; race; racial; reality; result; success; things; true; way; wealth; white
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        item: #52 of 100
          id: race-1997-01
      author: None
       title: race-1997-01
        date: 1997
       words: 1969
      flesch: 62
     summary: Before the end of slavery, Savannah had more free blacks and black businesses than any other municipality in Georgia, and there were many successful businesses in Macon. That it would take black helping black was a given.
    keywords: american; black; business; century; civil; common; community; economic; enterprise; establishment; ethnic; fauset; free; groups; hurston; league; malcolm; man; mutual; negro; ownership; people; political; pre; property; qualities; race; rights; self; slave; state; success; successful; thomas; today; war; washington; white
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        item: #53 of 100
          id: race-1997-02
      author: None
       title: race-1997-02
        date: 1997
       words: 2039
      flesch: 64
     summary: Serious damage was me to black economic development by laws that prevented the ipansion of their businesses beyond the limited borders of segre-ited black neighborhoods. James Weldon Johnson from Fifty Years 1863 1913 The notion that African Americans are here on sufferance bare never once crossed the mind of Jessie Fauset, whose novels depicted a robust Negro middle class that was much more than George Babbitt in blackface.
    keywords: african; american; bank; blacks; business; class; colored; dubois; economic; fauset; great; high; jessie; kind; land; life; little; lives; moral; negro; new; opportunity; penny; people; pettiford; possible; pride; race; right; role; savings; self; time; turn; washington; white; world; years
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        item: #54 of 100
          id: race-1997-03
      author: None
       title: race-1997-03
        date: 1997
       words: 2012
      flesch: 68
     summary: Neither assimilationist, nor accomodationist, not Hurston defies tidy categorization within black history, guishes her is her ability to speak directly to the quest c for freedom and self-reliance. Her biographer, Robert E. Hemenway, has identified deep aversion to the then-fashionable model of black pathology as a major source for her views.
    keywords: american; beautiful; biography; birthright; black; books; category; children; colored; country; easy; education; father; fauset; good; government; great; history; home; hurston; individualism; jessie; joy; little; love; neale; negro; new; novel; old; pathology; political; race; right; school; self; state; truth; welfare; white; women
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        item: #55 of 100
          id: race-1997-04
      author: None
       title: race-1997-04
        date: 1997
       words: 2065
      flesch: 66
     summary: Some St. Francis members travel from Washington and Pennsylvania to attend one of the three Sunday Masses, said the Rev. William Norvel, pastor at St. Francis Xavier. St. Francis Xavier and St. Peter Claver have 800 registered families each, church officials say.
    keywords: african; american; baltimore; black; catholic; church; city; civil; day; francis; god; great; history; josephites; movement; old; order; parishes; people; peter; priests; question; religious; rev; rights; rights movement; slavery; slaves; sun; theological; washington; world; xavier; years
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        item: #56 of 100
          id: race-1997-05
      author: None
       title: race-1997-05
        date: 1997
       words: 2058
      flesch: 69
     summary: He had black friends, but his life s not notable for involvement in black issues or causes, lived in a largely white neighborhood, his murdered ex-fe was white, as is his former girlfriend. (No white male was selected as either a juror or alter-Alternates replaced many of those initially selected, t -suit that the final breakdown was one black man, S t black women, two white women, and one Hispanic an.
    keywords: angeles; authorities; black; case; celebrity; crime; day; defense; drama; famous; free; henry; josephites; judge; jurors; jury; king; law; lawyers; lead; life; long; los; man; media; murder; new; nicole; priests; proceedings; prominent; public; race; racial; simpson; television; time; trial; verdict; white; women
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        item: #57 of 100
          id: race-1997-06
      author: None
       title: race-1997-06
        date: 1997
       words: 2044
      flesch: 63
     summary: No ont how often black jurors have cast a racial protest vol face of overwhelming evidence that a black defei guilty. So leisurely police escort, phone calls to mom, calming ! of orange juice, black jurors, celebrated black attorney, or icitous judge for the Scottsboro nine.
    keywords: african; americans; angeles; appeal; asian; attorney; black; closing; cochran; color; defense; end; evidence; final; guilty; half; juries; jurors; jury; legal; march; men; murder; national; percent; post; public; race; racial; scottsboro; sense; simpson; trial; verdict; views; white; women; years
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        item: #58 of 100
          id: race-1997-07
      author: None
       title: race-1997-07
        date: 1997
       words: 1991
      flesch: 56
     summary: [ Lack of educational opportunities 51% ]46% Breakup of the Hispanic family 45% 28% 38% B3 22% Past and present discrimination 43% 31% 58% 29% Lack of motivation and an unwillingness to work hard 41% 19% r^32% Those polled were asked the same question about Aslans. reason for Language difficulties 44% Whites who sald yes' Blacks who said yes Hispanics who said yes 44% 52% 37% Lack of jobs M34% 31% 46% 43% 41% 31% Past and present discrimination ^9 20% 31% Lack of educational opportunities 1$ 17% 27% 35% Breakup of the Asian family 14% 252 Hispanics. The population growth of Asian Americans since the njm'grafon reform of 1965, the emergence of Japan and other Asian nations as international fiscal players, and the image of Asian Amencan intellectual and financial success have heightened interest in this ethnic group in the United States.
    keywords: americans; asian; chang; china; conflict; country; cultural; discrimination; error; ethnic; ethnicities; family; groups; hard; hispanics; jobs; lack; language; life; minorities; minority; new; opportunities; people; percent; post; reason; society; states; success; traditions; united; views; washington; whites; work; workers
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        item: #59 of 100
          id: race-1997-08
      author: None
       title: race-1997-08
        date: 1997
       words: 2007
      flesch: 59
     summary: So how is it t a * past hve PMative religion and Indian studies as Sfearful to be tread-years studying America furtively at s ' distinguished g on the territory of some of Harvard s zeaiously? Harvard s issues, America s issues come, increasingly, a fresh recasting of many of India s i world s issues: race, culture, religion, difference, dive whether it is possible to move from diversity to pluralis I knew in 1990 that my own teaching context had changed and the scope of my academic work woul change, too.
    keywords: 1990s; america; americans; asian; average; bom; council; country; culture; eck; ethnic; foreign; generation; group; harvard; hindus; hispanics; immigrants; immigration; india; islamic; issues; jains; muslims; new; percent; poll; reality; religion; religious; states; studies; study; united; work; world; year
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        item: #60 of 100
          id: race-1997-09
      author: None
       title: race-1997-09
        date: 1997
       words: 1983
      flesch: 58
     summary: For example, driving out New Hampshire Avenue, one of the great spokes of Washington, D.C., into Silver Spring, Maryland, just beyond the Beltway there is a stretch of road a few miles long where one passes rhe new Cambodian Buddhist temple with its graceful, sloping tiled roof, the Ukrainian Ortho 17 6. There are new mosques and Islamic centers in Manhattan and Phoenix, rising from the cornfields outside Toledo and from the suburbs of Chicago and Houston.
    keywords: american; asian; avenue; boston; buddhist; california; cambodian; center; chicago; chinese; church; city; communities; community; council; diversity; england; example; hampshire; hindu; houston; huge; institutions; islamic; issues; japanese; landscape; markers; mosques; multireligious; muslim; new; pluralism; public; religion; religious; society; states; striking; temple; vietnamese; visible; washington; world
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        item: #61 of 100
          id: race-1997-10
      author: None
       title: race-1997-10
        date: 1997
       words: 1946
      flesch: 62
     summary: Most of Asia s estimated nehundred billionaires are ethnic Chinese. By the end of 1994, according to one estimate, ethnic Chinese had added a net worth of $15 billion to Canada s economy.
    keywords: america; asia; california; capital; celebration; chicago; china; chinese; civilizations; control; differences; diversity; economy; ethnic; foreign; government; half; hindu; hong; indonesia; investment; islamic; japan; kong; left; little; malaysia; money; new; overseas; percent; pluralism; religious; states; taiwan; thailand; today; united; wealth; world
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        item: #62 of 100
          id: race-1997-11
      author: None
       title: race-1997-11
        date: 1997
       words: 1956
      flesch: 59
     summary: Overseas Chinese businesses do help one another, pool their resources, and feed one another information within their business networks. (Like many overseas Chinese business executives, the executive s uns puicity, asking to remain anony-ous.)
    keywords: american; asia; business; charge; china; chinese; confucian; confucianism; cultural; culture; diaspora; economic; ethnic; example; family; guanxi; hong; kong; lee; legal; licenses; merchants; neo; networks; new; officials; overseas; people; sense; singapore; states; successful; taiwan; united; university; west; world
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        item: #63 of 100
          id: race-1997-12
      author: None
       title: race-1997-12
        date: 1997
       words: 1957
      flesch: 60
     summary: Overseas Chinese businesses were already there, however: They detected the new opportunities and took full advantage of them. They regard their assets in countries such as the United States as an insurance policy against potential instability in Southeast Asia or on mainland China.
    keywords: 1980s; americans; asian; business; businesspeople; capitalism; census; china; chinese; country; cultural; deals; demographics; ethnic; example; family; foreign; group; hong; increase; indian; japanese; kong; mainland; new; opportunities; overseas; percent; population; states; taiwan; time; u.s; united; western; willing; world
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        item: #64 of 100
          id: race-1997-13
      author: None
       title: race-1997-13
        date: 1997
       words: 1948
      flesch: 59
     summary: But most see th ing phase as a transitional pe: matize them to the U.S. and 1 the money they need to get s Many Asian Indians are se The number of Asian-Indian-nesses increased 120 perce 1982 and 1987, according t available Survey of Minority-1 ness Enterprises released bj Bureau. Wyoming boasts the smallest population of Asian Indians 240
    keywords: americans; asian; banks; businesses; census; children; college; country; family; group; home; immigrants; indian; ing; jain; jersey; kang; languages; majority; members; nesses; new; number; official; people; percent; population; pradesh; professionals; residents; segment; service; speak; state; u.s; work
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        item: #65 of 100
          id: race-1997-14
      author: None
       title: race-1997-14
        date: 1997
       words: 1906
      flesch: 54
     summary: Network with Indian groups; sponsor Indian cultural events. They don t like Indian food, says Pradip Kothari s wife Nandini.
    keywords: american; articles; asian; available; cable; children; companies; company; contact; cultural; culture; degree; distance; don; ethnicity; events; food; foreign; generation; groups; indian; information; jain; kothari; language; local; long; magazines; money; new; newspapers; older; people; purchases; service; telephone; things; u.s; value; way
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        item: #66 of 100
          id: race-1997-15
      author: None
       title: race-1997-15
        date: 1997
       words: 1972
      flesch: 62
     summary: Rather, the new ethnidty entails: first, a growing sense of discomfort with the sense of identity one is supposed to have universalist, melted, like everyone else; then a growing appreciation for the potential wisdom of one's own gut reactions (especially on moral matters) and their historical roots; a growing self-confidence and social power; a sense of being discriminated against, condescended to, or carelessly misapprehended; a growing disaffection regarding those to whom one had always been taught to defer; and sense of injustice regarding the response of liberal spokesmen to conflicts between various ethnic groups, especially between legitimate minorities and illegitimate ones. 190 The new ethnicity is a fledgling movement, not to be confused with the appearance of ethnic themes on television commercials, in television police shows, and in magazines.
    keywords: american; appearance; area; catholic; class; confidence; conscious; constituency; district; eastern; ethnic; ethnicity; fledgling; generation; groups; internal; liberal; milwaukee; minorities; new; people; politics; power; public; resistance; self; sense; social; southern; states; television; united; vote; wallace; white; word
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        item: #67 of 100
          id: race-1997-16
      author: None
       title: race-1997-16
        date: 1997
       words: 1955
      flesch: 57
     summary: He may never once make ethnicity explicit as a public theme; but, implicitly, he will be recognizing the daily realities of ethnicity and ethnic experience in the complex fabric of American social power. New Ethnicity The fact of American cultural power is that a more or less upper-class, Northeastern Protestant sensibility sets the tone, and that a fairly aggressive British American ethnocentricity, and even Anglophilia, govern the instruments of education and public life.
    keywords: american; blacks; british; claims; class; cultural; culture; different; divisive; education; ethnicity; ethnics; fears; group; history; identity; irish; ivy; jews; league; liberal; life; nation; new; northeastern; political; power; public; racism; social; symbols; tone; upper; white; women
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        item: #68 of 100
          id: race-1997-17
      author: None
       title: race-1997-17
        date: 1997
       words: 1894
      flesch: 48
     summary: The Committee's central charge was to investigate and suggest redress for discrimination against Italian Americans at CUNY Its final report, rendered 12 September 1991, contained a series of recommendations utilizing the special expertise of CUNY's Italian American Institute aimed at under-scorfing] the University's commitment to the richness of diversity. Italian Americans are a cognizable raci .
    keywords: americans; blacks; cent; child; common; court; cultural; cuny; discrimination; diversity; education; ethnic; ethnicity; group; heritage; higher; institute; international; italian; justice; legal; life; massaro; melting; minorities; multicultural; new; number; patterns; politics; position; pot; racial; rights; scelsa; second; significant; social; united; years
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        item: #69 of 100
          id: race-1997-18
      author: None
       title: race-1997-18
        date: 1997
       words: 1904
      flesch: 49
     summary: As : indistinguishable from racial discrimination standing, modern day civil rights legislatior prohibiting discrimination based on race, cok sex or national origin, has not been interpr administratively or judicially to afford protecti victims of national origin discrimination. Yet the Act he of selective enforcement and it would appear of national origin discrimination either dis procedural grounds or on the merits have failure.
    keywords: act; americans; basis; case; century; civil; college; court; cuny; definition; discrimination; employment; ethnic; francis; history; institute; italian; legislative; national; nineteenth; origin; persons; purposes; race; racial; rights; scelsa; section; statute; title; vii
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        item: #70 of 100
          id: race-1997-19
      author: None
       title: race-1997-19
        date: 1997
       words: 1884
      flesch: 51
     summary: Italian Americans share a common experience; ground in their links to Italian families, Italian cul Italian group loyalties, and often share the same and culinary practices. Limiting its holding to the Eastern District of New York, which is based in Brooklyn, the Court held that Italian Americans satisfy these criteria to maki cient showing to categorize [themselves] as co; Moreover, it provided a detailed and illuminatii sion of its reasons for taking judicial notice Americans' cognizability: These observable, distinguishable names con: clearly identifiable factor separating Italian Ai from most other ethnic groups.
    keywords: americans; ancestry; biaggi; brademas; challenges; city; cognizable; college; common; community; court; cyprus; discrimination; discriminatory; district; ethnic; francis; greek; group; identifiable; italian; italian americans; judicial; jury; life; names; national; new; origin; peremptory; purposes; race; racial; states; turkish; united; york
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        item: #71 of 100
          id: race-1997-20
      author: None
       title: race-1997-20
        date: 1997
       words: 1982
      flesch: 55
     summary: Greek Americans and Cyprus Here I must also mention hold eters?n fhst Greek-American to Com 3 cabinet post, as Secretary of q..- Another symbol was George Mavn c F wh in 1955, was elected Ameri * $an Francisco, first Greek-since c tO ,ead a big city-
    keywords: americans; arms; community; congress; congressman; country; cyprus; dukakis; embargo; events; george; governor; great; greek; house; late; law; maryland; mike; nation; national; origin; paul; poland; polish; political; politics; preoccupation; president; public; representatives; sarbanes; senate; son; states; turkey; united; years
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        item: #72 of 100
          id: race-1997-21
      author: None
       title: race-1997-21
        date: 1997
       words: 1951
      flesch: 56
     summary: The historical fact is that the Nazis tried to crush the Polish nation; they not only introduced bloody tenor but began to murder Polish elites and destroy Polish culture. Museums that were left untouched usually were used by the Nazis to demonstrate alleged German influences on Polish culture.
    keywords: annihilation; auschwitz; camp; campaign; central; community; effort; elite; europe; general; german; government; history; hitler; jewish; jews; living; military; nation; national; nazis; people; percent; plan; point; poland; poles; polish; political; population; program; sent; territories; terror; time; war; western
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        item: #73 of 100
          id: race-1997-22
      author: None
       title: race-1997-22
        date: 1997
       words: 2008
      flesch: 48
     summary: es between the Catholic church and Polish nationalism over the centuries, the Nazis realized they would have to break the 207 7. ETHNIC LEGACY back of the church if their plan of national annihilation was to succeed. We have been far in criticizing Jews for not including rer of Polish victims in programs under the than we have been active as a comma ganizing our own.
    keywords: american; attack; catholic; church; efforts; example; exhibit; experience; forces; hand; holocaust; holy; jews; lukas; museum; national; nazis; official; percent; pius; poland; poles; polish; polonia; public; question; regard; respect; rome; state; vatican; victimization; victims; war; witness; zegota
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        item: #74 of 100
          id: race-1997-23
      author: None
       title: race-1997-23
        date: 1997
       words: 2001
      flesch: 64
     summary: So Mrs. Deriev who like many other Soviet Jews had never practiced Judaism, but whose nationali listed in their passport as Je\ not think she was changing 1 ality, much less betraying he tage, when she adopted Cath Nor would most Soviet Jews the father of Yuli Edelstein-Soviet refusenik who is now of Absorption and thus charg bringing Jews to Israel is a Orthodox priest in Russia. The Derievs were living in the remote Kazakstan city of Karaganda, the Soviet Union was falling apart, thousands of Soviet Jews were leaving and many of their friends were already in Israel.
    keywords: americans; auschwitz; catholic; chicago; church; controversy; convent; deriev; faith; groups; holocaust; human; israel; jewish; jews; john; like; lukas; mrs; nazis; new; non; pawllkowski; poland; poles; polish; polonia; richard; social; soviet; support; ties; union; york
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        item: #75 of 100
          id: race-1997-24
      author: None
       title: race-1997-24
        date: 1997
       words: 1936
      flesch: 45
     summary: Fortunately no one was injured in this incident, there was minor damage to the property, and we were able o continue, as our conversation turned to the escalating German hostility and violence toward foreign residents of Germany that has been reported in recent years by the media and German government itself, [field notes] In this article, I examine the growing phenomenon of ethnic group conflict EXyathe return of open hos,ility aj nty P Pu*ati n toward Z for TW are the basis for this discussion: California, with its Proposition 187, the anti-il grant referendum; and German' marked by growing hostility foreign residents in recent year pose here is to compare and coi two situations to search for th underlying dynamics in which tically weak, foreign ethnic g been singled out for societal pi scapegoating, and exclusion objective is to examine the rc cation both as part of the dis well as a potential, albeit parti in this kind of group conflict Two methodological thread; twined here. How will increased immigration, technological advances, and a more competitive world market affect the relationships between ethnic groups? Is the American military becoming a society unto itself?
    keywords: american; brayer; california; challenges; citizenship; conflict; course; data; derievs; education; ethnic; forms; german; groups; guestworkers; hostility; human; immigrant; interests; international; israel; jew; jewish; jews; law; macias; military; mrs; open; orthodox; possible; present; proposition; rabbis; racial; recent; relations; religious; society; states; united; world
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        item: #76 of 100
          id: race-1997-25
      author: None
       title: race-1997-25
        date: 1997
       words: 1841
      flesch: 43
     summary: Since that time, Mexicans have been subjected to a love-hate relationship with U.S. society. Their skills and labor ensured the building of the transcontinental railroad, helped mine the region s natural resources, made farming a lucrative enterprise, and made ranching a traditional hallmark of U.S. American culture.
    keywords: american; americanization; california; century; common; culture; destiny; dominant; early; economic; ethnic; exclusion; foreign; government; group; indians; instance; labor; manifest; mexicans; mexico; nation; nationalism; new; period; political; program; school; society; southwest; spanish; states; systematic; treatment; u.s; united; war; work
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        item: #77 of 100
          id: race-1997-26
      author: None
       title: race-1997-26
        date: 1997
       words: 1826
      flesch: 50
     summary: These are subjects in which teachers might find it relatively more straightforward to develop multicultural curricula and, concurrently, to use it as a means of including Mexican students in the instructional process. Roberto Gomez is director of the district s migrant education program, which attends to the particular needs of migrant students.
    keywords: bilingual; california; children; cultural; curriculum; discourse; district; education; english; ethnic; example; families; germany; good; high; illegal; mexican; mexico; migrant; minority; music; needs; orchardtown; parents; personnel; program; rogelio; school; schooling; social; sosa; states; students; teachers; united; ways
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        item: #78 of 100
          id: race-1997-27
      author: None
       title: race-1997-27
        date: 1997
       words: 1833
      flesch: 41
     summary: This was not always the case, because German education has been marked by systematic neglect, discrimination, and exclusion of Turks and other foreigners, even into the 1980s. Furthermore, si 1980s increasing numbers refugees from around the taken advantage of Germa policy, the most liberal in a to contribute to the exponc of the foreigner population Actively recruited and k ted by the German state, i have been accepted by mucl man citizenry, but contir have prevented their full i in German society.
    keywords: 19th; brubaker; building; century; children; community; darwin; economic; education; era; ethnic; families; foreigners; german; group; idea; integration; issues; nation; national; natural; nature; number; political; population; progressive; racial; resurgence; romanticism; schmidt; school; social; society; state; students; today; turkish; turks
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        item: #79 of 100
          id: race-1997-28
      author: None
       title: race-1997-28
        date: 1997
       words: 1862
      flesch: 45
     summary: The longevity of these ideas depends on more subtle mechanisms including: the popular repackaging of imagery of Romanticism or of the Manifest Destiny of a chosen people with a great calling to fulfill; the official representation of historical events in favor of the dominant group, to the degree that the mistreatment of other groups never really happened or was not that bad, or that victim groups are actually the racists; or in the political revival of earlier, simple solutions to complex issues, a return to an idealized past when we had few problems, and other groups were easily dismissed by decree. The critical point of commonality in these cases is what dominant groups have come to believe about targeted ethnic groups and what is permissible behavior toward them.
    keywords: adler; beliefs; berlin; cases; change; children; classroom; community; contact; cultural; development; education; efforts; elements; ethnic; exclusion; german; groups; historical; history; ideas; ideology; language; nation; parents; project; racial; school; social; society; staff; states; students; turkish; u.s; united
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        item: #80 of 100
          id: race-1997-29
      author: None
       title: race-1997-29
        date: 1997
       words: 1907
      flesch: 62
     summary: Film, VHS, 60 min. San Dieg Gitmez, Ali, and Czarina Wilpert. 1987. At the Unity Rally staged in the center of the city three days prior to the referendum, more than 100,000 Canadians, mostly English-speaking, many bused in from other provinces, waved flags and NON signs stapled to the ends of hockey sticks.
    keywords: bouchard; campaign; canada; change; city; community; education; english; ethnic; europe; federalists; french; germany; harper; history; international; leader; migration; montreal; nation; new; night; ottawa; parizeau; past; policy; problems; quebec; quebecois; racial; referendum; review; separation; separatists; society; sociology; studies; trudeau; turkish; university; vote; voters; west
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        item: #81 of 100
          id: race-1997-30
      author: None
       title: race-1997-30
        date: 1997
       words: 2165
      flesch: 76
     summary: Money and the ethn Later that night, at 3 Bernard Landry, the depui of Quebec, who was also th responsible for immigratioi his Montreal hotel to che walked up to the night woman named Anita Mart out his glasses, and stared at tag. Quebec outside of Montreal is a vast wilderness dotted with homogeneously Quebecois small cities and villages like Chicoutimi; in those regions the vote was 59 percent in favor of separation.
    keywords: anglophone; bouchard; canada; chretien; city; claude; country; english; feel; french; government; half; independence; landry; language; marie; montreal; mother; night; oui; people; percent; quebec; quebecois; referendum; results; separation; separatists; time; vote; wainrib; woman; yes
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        item: #82 of 100
          id: race-1997-31
      author: None
       title: race-1997-31
        date: 1997
       words: 2121
      flesch: 72
     summary: Nobody wanted to talk about the fact that a few days before the referendum a member of parliament of the Bloc Quebecois, Bouchard s separatist party in the federal assembly, had sent a statement to army barracks in Quebec saying that soldiers of Quebec origin would be expected to transfer their loyalty to the new nation. Describing Quebec as a soft totalitarian society, Dubois said, The true alternative is this: to be die young man in the white shirt in front of the tank in Tiananmen Square, or to be the driver of the tank.
    keywords: anglophones; business; canada; canadian; city; claude; don; dubois; english; facts; francophones; freed; french; lot; man; marie; montreal; new; night; parizeau; people; quebec; quebecois; referendum; rest; said; sarajevo; separatists; society; tank; vallieres; young
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        item: #83 of 100
          id: race-1997-32
      author: None
       title: race-1997-32
        date: 1997
       words: 2087
      flesch: 69
     summary: Bavaria, where most of them live, is one of the sixteen Lander (states) in reunited Germany; it has a lot of autonomous power. When one rethinks this story and the terror of the six-year German occupation that followed, in which some 350,000 Czechs lost their lives, one cannot be surprised that after the German surrender in 1945 there were numerous acts of local vengeance in which Sudeten Germans were killed.
    keywords: bavaria; bonn; canada; city; conflict; country; czech; declaration; demand; english; europe; german; government; heydrich; hitler; home; irredenta; kinkel; lands; months; montreal; people; polar; political; potsdam; prague; referendum; states; sudeten; united; war; words; world; year
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        item: #84 of 100
          id: race-1997-33
      author: None
       title: race-1997-33
        date: 1997
       words: 2034
      flesch: 69
     summary: 233 Article 45 Size, Scope Of Hutu Crisis Hotly Debated Refugees Caught In E. Zaire Chaos Lynne Duke Washington Post Foreign Service NYABIBWE, Zaire, Nov. 23 High in the eastern Zaire mountains where the clouds hug the earth, gunfire crackled on the lush green slopes where a mass of Rwandan refugees was hidden. These refugees are the remainder of what the United Nations says were 1.1 million Rwandan Hutu refugees who had been living in eastern Zaire camps since 1994 when they fled Rwanda after extremists among them perpetrated a genocide against Rwanda s minority Tutsis.
    keywords: academician; armed; book; camps; eastern; end; england; fischer; forces; germany; goma; group; help; home; hutu; interahamwe; nations; numbers; people; policies; rebels; refugees; report; rwanda; soldiers; town; united; war; west; workers; world; zaire; zairian
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        item: #85 of 100
          id: race-1997-34
      author: None
       title: race-1997-34
        date: 1997
       words: 1898
      flesch: 48
     summary: By now, there s not much doubt that when Americans are asked yes-or-no questions about the legitimacy of race preferences in public-sector hiring, contracting, and education, the answer is likely to be a flat no. By next year, when CCRI is expected to be on the California ballot, the undoing of race preferences could become a political and social avalanche.
    keywords: americans; amy; armed; children; civilian; clinton; country; educational; ethnic; ethnicity; fewer; groups; knowledge; leaders; military; people; percent; political; preferences; public; race; rape; relations; rotc; schism; service; social; society; time; today; traditions; understanding; unit; variety; vietnam; violence; waldman
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        item: #86 of 100
          id: race-1997-35
      author: None
       title: race-1997-35
        date: 1997
       words: 1947
      flesch: 47
     summary: In the process, what had been an i understanding to pursue a high moral o through a combination of stringent rules discrimination and marginal race preferei evolved into a system of quasi-entitleme rigid legal impositions governed by a c structure of quietly enacted law, appella decisions, civil service rules, university anc ate school admissions practices, set-aside; goals, and EEOC formulas managed by a counselors, contract compliance auditors, trainers, affirmative action officers, expert parate impact studies, and layer upon lawyers a huge panoply of law, regulati administrative practice affecting virtually e' tor of the nation s life. At the University of California Medical School at Irvine, the blacks and Hispanics who are accepted have lower average medical school admission test scores than the Vietnamese applicants who are rejected.
    keywords: absolute; action; affirmative; asians; blacks; blind; california; civil; color; contractors; criteria; democrats; discrimination; effects; hard; high; hispanics; issue; larger; law; long; lower; minority; people; practices; preferences; qualified; race; racial; republicans; rights; school; scores; shaky; state; university; use; whites
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        item: #87 of 100
          id: race-1997-36
      author: None
       title: race-1997-36
        date: 1997
       words: 2019
      flesch: 60
     summary: $tRains of Ambivalence But does even that certify the wisdom of a deci-sion that would, virtually overnight, impose the across-the-board prohibitions on race preferences that the opponents of affirmative action are now demanding? If only court-ordered make-whole remedies to proven discrimination are permissible (which is what the opponents of race preferences advocate), how many more civil rights lawsuits would be filed that are now averted by voluntary action?
    keywords: action; affirmative; alternative; answers; better; black; case; civil; college; country; criteria; discrimination; don; effort; general; immigration; issue; law; merit; minorities; past; people; percent; policy; preferences; public; qualified; question; race; rights; room; selective; sense; test; today; university
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        item: #88 of 100
          id: race-1997-37
      author: None
       title: race-1997-37
        date: 1997
       words: 2166
      flesch: 84
     summary: White skaters and Mexican would-be g listen to gangsta rap and call each other term of endearment; white girls sometimes all accents; blond cheerleaders claim Cherokee Claiming is the central concept here. The hybridization of American teens h; talk show fodder, with wiggers white kids and talk black appearing on TV in fu regalia.
    keywords: american; april; bad; black; city; crime; different; friends; gangsta; hayward; heather; kids; leandro; life; little; manor; matter; mexican; nicole; oakland; park; people; percent; proud; race; roland; san; schools; sister; white; years
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        item: #89 of 100
          id: race-1997-38
      author: None
       title: race-1997-38
        date: 1997
       words: 1931
      flesch: 51
     summary: Blumenbach s final taxonomy of 1795 divided all humans into five groups, defined both by geography and appearance in his order, die Caucasian variety, for the light-skinned people of Europe and adjacent parts of Asia and Africa; the Mongolian variety, for most other inhabitants of Asia, including China and Japan; the Ethiopian variety, for the dark-skinned people of Africa; the American variety, for most native populations of the New World; and the Malay variety, for the Polynesians and Melanesians of the Pacific and for the aborigines of Australia. In short, Linnaeus s primary ordering principle is cartographic; if he had wished to push hierarchy as the essential picture of human variety, he would surely have listed Europeans first and Africans last, but he started with native Americans instead.
    keywords: africa; american; award; beauty; blumenbach; caucasian; change; classification; discover; european; geometric; geometry; gould; human; humor; linnaeus; malay; old; order; original; people; race; racial; racist; ranking; region; right; sanguine; scheme; science; shift; skinned; system; taxonomy; variety; western; white; world; worth
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        item: #90 of 100
          id: race-1997-39
      author: None
       title: race-1997-39
        date: 1997
       words: 1920
      flesch: 48
     summary: He particularly refuted the common racist claim that black Africans bore unique features of their inferiority: There is no single character so peculiar and so universal among the Ethiopians, but what it may be observed on the one hand everywhere in other varieties of men. Blumenbach strongly upheld die unity of die human species against an alternative view, then growing in popularity (and surely more conducive to conventional forms of racism), that each major race had been separately created.
    keywords: africans; black; blumenbach; caucasian; changes; conventional; departure; die; different; diversity; edition; europeans; form; human; ideal; mental; moral; nations; nature; new; race; racial; racism; scheme; scientists; social; species; unity; varieties; variety; white
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        item: #91 of 100
          id: race-1997-40
      author: None
       title: race-1997-40
        date: 1997
       words: 1867
      flesch: 45
     summary: ^^t the same time, restricting the definition of minority groups to shared language or ethnicity can conceal vulnerable minority groups from political view and so play into the hands of conservative majorities intent on denying legitimate aspirations for self-administration. If the aim is to identify vulnerable minority groups deserving of special political rights, however, definitions in terms of shared language, race, or religion may have the effect of unjustifiably rewarding some groups and denying the legitimate aspirations of others.
    keywords: administration; americans; author; china; chinese; contemporary; cultural; economic; ethnicity; government; groups; han; history; human; ideas; judgments; language; minorities; minority; need; particular; people; political; race; religion; rights; self; singapore; social; special; subei; terms; thinkers; view
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        item: #92 of 100
          id: race-1997-41
      author: None
       title: race-1997-41
        date: 1997
       words: 1930
      flesch: 45
     summary: When countering specific trade-off arguments for rights violations, one can question either the premise that the society under question is actually facing a social crisis requiring immediate political action or the idea that curbing minority rights is the best means of overcoming that crisis. Moreover, if the purpose of rights is primarily to protect minority cultures from the political decisions of the majority, then clearly the functional equivalents of rights practices can sometimes be found in non-Western traditions.
    keywords: argument; arqam; charge; crisis; cultural; example; government; group; human; law; lese; local; majeste; malaysia; minority; need; political; practices; question; religion; rights; similar; social; sulak; traditions; values; western
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        item: #93 of 100
          id: race-1997-42
      author: None
       title: race-1997-42
        date: 1997
       words: 1963
      flesch: 52
     summary: controls the racial and ethnic si on all federal forms and st Directive 15 acknowledges foui racial groups in the United American Indian or Alaskan Asian or Pacific Islander, Bk White. On the one hand, respect for minority groups in liberal societies may translate into (illiberal) restrictions on criticism of aspects of cultural traditions held to be sacred by all (or nearly all) members of those groups.
    keywords: american; article; asian; black; box; categories; census; country; cultures; directive; east; ethnic; federal; forms; government; groups; hearings; human; liberal; minorities; minority; native; pacific; parents; political; race; racial; representative; rights; sawyer; states; subcommittee; united; washington
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        item: #94 of 100
          id: race-1997-43
      author: None
       title: race-1997-43
        date: 1997
       words: 2038
      flesch: 63
     summary: In order to be eligible for certain federal benefits, such as hous ing-improvement programs, a must prove that he or she eit member of a federally recognize tribe or has fifty per cent Indiar One can envision a situation i nonwhiteness itself becomes the ued quality, to be compensated it ways depending on a person s ] Kwame Anthony Appiah, of f Philosophy and Afro-American Departments, says, What the M category aims for is not people ancestry, because a majority of A are actually products of mixed This category goes after people 5 parents who are socially recog belonging to different races. In any cast she said, multiracial people know t check the right box to get the goodies.
    keywords: action; affirmative; african; american; ancestry; black; census; cent; children; country; course; court; daniel; different; drop; ethnic; family; genetic; great; group; half; heritage; indians; laws; marriages; mixed; multiracial; people; races; rule; states; way; white
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        item: #95 of 100
          id: race-1997-44
      author: None
       title: race-1997-44
        date: 1997
       words: 1944
      flesch: 53
     summary: Because of race questions on loan applications, the federal government has been able to document the continued practice of redlining by financial institutions. 1973, Caspar Weinberger, who w then Secretary of Health, Educatk and Welfare, asked the Federal Inte agency Committee on Education (nc to develop some standards for classif ing race and ethnicity.
    keywords: american; asian; black; categories; category; census; cent; civil; committee; data; different; ethnic; federal; greater; group; health; hispanic; hoc; indians; ing; islander; pacific; people; population; question; race; racial; rights; science; spanish; states; statistical; united; white
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        item: #96 of 100
          id: race-1997-45
      author: None
       title: race-1997-45
        date: 1997
       words: 1995
      flesch: 59
     summary: Instead of draining the established categories of their influence, Njeri and others believe, it would be better to eliminate racial categories altogether. Spencer, however, thinks that it might be better to eliminate racial categories altogether than to create an additional category that empties the others of meaning.
    keywords: african; american; black; box; categories; dame; debate; drop; ethnic; government; information; jewish; katzen; life; majority; multiracial; need; njeri; notre; o.m.b; people; place; political; race; racial; religion; religious; skinned; social; society; spencer; stewart; university; white
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        item: #97 of 100
          id: race-1997-46
      author: None
       title: race-1997-46
        date: 1997
       words: 2055
      flesch: 54
     summary: That the Metl church had a lengthy tradition of mitment to social justice made a pact on me. Major candidates were pressed to clarify their understanding of the proper relationship between church and state.
    keywords: bend; catholic; christian; church; congress; dame; faith; father; human; important; jewish; john; justice; later; life; love; methodist; new; niebuhr; notre; orthodox; place; political; politics; relationship; religion; religious; roman; social; south; state; time; today; tradition; understanding; university; war; world; years; york
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        item: #98 of 100
          id: race-1997-47
      author: None
       title: race-1997-47
        date: 1997
       words: 2041
      flesch: 51
     summary: Now if I have said yes to the question, Does religious faith have a place in public life?, I must at the same time insist that there be limitations on the relationship. Groups like the Moral Majority and Christian Voice that call for the defeat of candidates on so-called moral grounds and that rank public officials on Biblical scorecards distort the political process.
    keywords: bishops; catholic; children; christian; church; congress; congressman; convictions; election; faith; god; issue; leaders; letter; life; like; morality; point; political; politics; prayer; president; public; question; reagan; religion; religious; republican; right; similar; university; values; war; years
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        item: #99 of 100
          id: race-1997-48
      author: None
       title: race-1997-48
        date: 1997
       words: 1959
      flesch: 28
     summary: See gambling industry Caucasian racial classification, 263; historical view of, 249-253 celebrity, cult of, O. J. Simpson trial and, 159-160 Census, U.S., 125; racial classifications in, 51-58, 260-266 children: adoption of Native American, 98-99; of Asian Indian immigrants, 186-187 Chinese diaspora, Asian Americans and 175-180 Chinese Exclusion Act, 10, 46, 121, 169 Chretien, Jean, 226, 230 citizenship: international views on, 70-71; racial restrictions on, 6-9, 10-15; and Soviet immigrants to Israel, 212-213 Civil Liberties Act of 1988, 72 Civil Rights Act of 1866, 11, 199 Civil Rights Act of 1965, 242 civil rights movement, 140-141; religion and, 155-156 Civil War, 199 claiming, of racial identity, by teenagers, 246-248 Clark, William, 102-103 clines, 263 Clinton, Bill, 30, 33, 38, 59, 60, 68, 72, 79, 81, 120, 161, 236 Cochran, Johnny, 161, 162 Cold War, 46, 173 Congress, race-based redistricting of, 27-28, 29-30 Constitution, U.S., 11, 38, 223. Simpson trial and, 19-26; school segregation and, 19-26; ten most dramatic events in U.S. history of, 138-141; in the workplace, 142-146 Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich, racial classifications of, 249-253 Boorstin, Daniel ).
    keywords: act; americans; asian; california; chinese; citizenship; civil; classification; consensus; diaspora; education; hispanic; immigrants; immigration; indian; industry; israel; john; law; letters; minority; morality; nation; native; people; policy; proposition; public; quebec; racial; religious; rights; simpson; trial; u.s; war
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        item: #100 of 100
          id: race-1997-49
      author: None
       title: race-1997-49
        date: 1997
       words: 1888
      flesch: 60
     summary: , 267-268 octoroons, 262 one-drop rule, racial categories and, 260-267 Pan-Africanism, 131, 134, 136 Parizeau, Jacques, 225, 226, 229, 230 Patterson, Isabel, 153, 154 Payson, Philip, 150, 151 Pettiford, William, 150, 151 Plessy v, Ferguson, 16, 17, 35, 140 Pocahontas, 102-105, 138 Polish Americans, and the Holocaust 205-211 political issues: Greek Americans and, 202-204; new ethnicity and, 190-196-religion and, 267-272 ' Potsdam Declaration, 231-233 Powell, Colin, 148, 161 Proposition 187, California's, 216-224 Proposition 209, California's, 31-34, 35, 119, quadroons, 262 Quebec, and Canada, 225-230 Raab, Earl, 192-193 Raboteau, Albert Jay, 155 racial identity: claiming of, by teena 246-248; historical view of, 249-253; Italian-Americans and, 197-201; and U.S. census, 260-267 Rand, Ayn, 153, 154 Reagan, Ronald, 87, 120, 203, 218, 26', Reconstruction, 140, 163, 198 redlining, 265 Refugee Act of 1980, 48 religion: blacks and, 138-139; 157-158; rights movement and, 155-156; diver of American, 169-174; immigrants an 43, 44; Polish Americans and, 207 2i 209-210; role of, in political life, 267 Reserve Officer Training Corps, 237 Revolutionary War, 41 Ricard, John H., 157-158 Rolfe, John, 102, 138 Romanticism, German, 221 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 153 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 72, 154 Roosevelt, Theodore, 45 Rwanda, and ethnic conflict in Zaire, 234-235 Sacagawea, 102-105 Safire, William, 78 Sartre, Jean-Paul, 135, 193 Sawyer, Thomas C., 260, 262-263, 26( schools: immigrants and, 44-45; racial segregation in, 16-18, 19-26, 140, 14 Scottsboro Nine, 162-163 segregation, racial, in the schools, 1619-26, 140, 141, 218 self-determination for indigenous peo1 76-82 settlement houses, 44 Simpson, Alan, 49, 50, 64-65 Simpson, O. J., murder trial of, 159-14 Sipuel v. Oklahoma, 17 Sivarakas, Sulak, 257-258 slavery, 139, 140, 153 Slovak Americans, new ethnicity and, 190-196 Smith, Adam, 249 Smith, John, 102 Smith, Lamar, 64-65 Southern Christian Leadership Confen 33 sovereignty, Native Americans and, 8 Soviet Union, immigrants from, to Isr 203-204 Sowell, Thomas, 68-69, 148, 153, 244 Steele, Shelby, 245 stereotypes, of Asian and Hispanic Americans, 166-168 St. Francis College v. Al-Khazraj, 198-19 Stokes, Carl, 157, 158 Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 132, 133 Sudetenland, Potsdam Declaration an 231-233 Sun Yat-sen, 179 Supreme Court, 11, 13, 35, 91, 93, 13 148, 153, 154, 163, 218, 241; and race-based redistricting of Congress 27-28. igin Act of 1924, 10 Nationality Act of 1940, 11 Native Americans, 11, 12, 20, 32, 80, 81; adoption of children of, 98-99; minority groups rights of, 88-95; in the 1990s, 83-87; rights of Canadian, 96-97; women, in history, 102-105 naturalized citizenship, 10, 12-13 Nazis, 12, 46, 220; Holocaust and, 205-211. See also Hitler, Adolf; World War II Negritude, 131 neo-Nazis, 35, 38, 61 New Deal, 46, 154 New Mexico, Indian casinos in, 100-101 Niagara Movement, 140 Niebuhr, Reinhold, 269, 271 Night of the Long Knives, 226, 228 Nixon, Richard, 80, 203, 241 nongovernmental organizations, 77, 79 North American Free Trade Agreement, 60-61, 93, 225, 246 O'Connor, John ).
    keywords: act; americans; annual; article; asian; citizenship; declaration; editions; ethnic; ethnicity; form; hispanic; history; holocaust; identity; immigrants; indian; john; nations; native; new; overview; page; photo; potsdam; race; racial; rights; roosevelt; smith; thomas; u.s; united; war; william; women; world; zaire
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