id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ajst-32251	Liu , Zihan	Comparison of the Structure, Working Principle, Materials, Advantages, Disadvantages, and Performance of Four Generations of Glucose Biosensors	2025	5	.pdf	application/pdf	1873	126	34	Most recently, fourth- generation glucose biosensors have moved away from enzymatic systems entirely. Subsequently the paper systematically sorted out the evolution of four generations of glucose biosensors: The first generation of sensors relied on oxygen and were susceptible to interference, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the final results; the second generation added artificial media to improve stability and response speed; the third generation enhanced specificity and accuracy by achieving direct electron transfer between enzymes and electrodes, but it was very complex; the latest fourth generation adopted an enzyme- free design, using metal nanoparticles as electrocatalysts, with high sensitivity, low cost and excellent stability, overcoming limitations such as enzyme degradation.	cache/ajst-32251.pdf	txt/ajst-32251.txt