id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ajst-27743	1	1	academic	academic	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	2	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	1	4	science	science	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	1	6	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	7	issn	issn	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	8	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	9	2771	2771	NUM
ajst-27743	1	10	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	1	11	3032	3032	NUM
ajst-27743	1	12	|	|	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	13	vol	vol	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	14	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	15	13	13	NUM
ajst-27743	1	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	17	no	no	INTJ
ajst-27743	1	18	.	.	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	19	2	2	NUM
ajst-27743	1	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	21	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-27743	1	22	290	290	NUM
ajst-27743	1	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	1	24	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	25	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	1	26	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	27	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	1	28	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	1	29	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	30	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	31	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	32	historical	historical	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	33	accomplishments	accomplishment	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	35	present	present	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	36	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	1	38	future	future	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	39	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	40	xinyu	xinyu	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	41	li1	li1	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	43	*	*	SYM
ajst-27743	1	44	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	1	45	department	department	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	46	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	1	47	physics	physics	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	49	city	city	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	50	university	university	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	51	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	1	52	hong	hong	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	53	kong	kong	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	54	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	55	83	83	NUM
ajst-27743	1	56	tat	tat	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	57	chee	chee	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	58	avenue	avenue	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	59	kowloon	kowloon	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	60	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	61	hong	hong	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	62	kong	kong	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	63	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	64	china	china	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	65	*	*	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	66	corresponding	correspond	VERB
ajst-27743	1	67	author	author	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	68	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	69	xinyu	xinyu	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	70	li	li	PROPN
ajst-27743	1	71	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	72	email	email	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	73	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	74	lixinyu010111@163.com	lixinyu010111@163.com	X
ajst-27743	1	75	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	76	abstract	abstract	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	77	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	78	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	1	79	today	today	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	80	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	1	81	society	society	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	82	where	where	SCONJ
ajst-27743	1	83	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	84	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	1	85	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	86	issues	issue	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	87	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	1	88	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ajst-27743	1	89	gaining	gain	VERB
ajst-27743	1	90	attention	attention	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	91	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	92	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	93	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	94	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	95	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	96	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	1	97	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	98	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	1	99	renewable	renewable	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	100	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	1	101	clean	clean	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	102	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	103	continuously	continuously	ADV
ajst-27743	1	104	attract	attract	VERB
ajst-27743	1	105	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	1	106	interest	interest	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	107	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	1	108	academia	academia	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	109	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	110	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	1	111	protection	protection	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	112	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	1	113	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	1	114	business	business	NOUN
ajst-27743	1	115	alike	alike	ADV
ajst-27743	1	116	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	2	1	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	2	2	application	application	NOUN
ajst-27743	2	3	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	2	4	already	already	ADV
ajst-27743	2	5	entered	enter	VERB
ajst-27743	2	6	people	people	NOUN
ajst-27743	2	7	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	2	8	lives	life	NOUN
ajst-27743	2	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	2	10	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	2	11	gradually	gradually	ADV
ajst-27743	2	12	expanding	expand	VERB
ajst-27743	2	13	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	2	14	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	2	15	share	share	NOUN
ajst-27743	2	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	3	1	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	3	2	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	3	3	result	result	NOUN
ajst-27743	3	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	3	5	there	there	PRON
ajst-27743	3	6	is	be	VERB
ajst-27743	3	7	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	3	8	growing	grow	VERB
ajst-27743	3	9	demand	demand	NOUN
ajst-27743	3	10	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	3	11	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	3	12	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
ajst-27743	3	13	designed	design	VERB
ajst-27743	3	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	3	15	environmentally	environmentally	ADV
ajst-27743	3	16	friendly	friendly	ADJ
ajst-27743	3	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	3	18	less	less	ADV
ajst-27743	3	19	costly	costly	ADJ
ajst-27743	3	20	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	3	21	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	3	22	devices	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	3	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	4	1	among	among	ADP
ajst-27743	4	2	various	various	ADJ
ajst-27743	4	3	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	4	4	resources	resource	NOUN
ajst-27743	4	5	such	such	ADJ
ajst-27743	4	6	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	4	7	tidal	tidal	ADJ
ajst-27743	4	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	4	9	wind	wind	NOUN
ajst-27743	4	10	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	4	11	geothermal	geothermal	NOUN
ajst-27743	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	4	13	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	4	14	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	4	15	stands	stand	VERB
ajst-27743	4	16	out	out	ADP
ajst-27743	4	17	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	4	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	4	19	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	4	20	widely	widely	ADV
ajst-27743	4	21	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	4	22	clean	clean	ADJ
ajst-27743	4	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	4	24	renewable	renewable	ADJ
ajst-27743	4	25	resource	resource	NOUN
ajst-27743	4	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	5	1	given	give	VERB
ajst-27743	5	2	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	5	3	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	4	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	5	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	5	6	virtually	virtually	ADV
ajst-27743	5	7	limitless	limitless	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	8	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	5	9	humans	human	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	5	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	5	12	function	function	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	5	14	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	15	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	16	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	5	17	converting	convert	VERB
ajst-27743	5	18	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	19	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	20	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	5	21	electricity	electricity	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	22	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-27743	5	23	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	24	social	social	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	5	26	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	5	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	5	29	economic	economic	ADJ
ajst-27743	5	30	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ajst-27743	5	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	6	1	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	6	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	6	3	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	6	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	6	5	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	6	6	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	6	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	6	8	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	6	9	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	6	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	6	11	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	6	12	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	6	13	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	6	14	crucial	crucial	ADJ
ajst-27743	6	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	7	1	non	non	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	2	-	-	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	3	toxic	toxic	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	4	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	7	5	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	7	6	excellent	excellent	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	7	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	8	properties	property	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	7	10	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	11	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	7	12	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	7	13	second	second	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	14	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	7	15	abundant	abundant	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	16	element	element	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	17	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	7	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	7	19	earth	earth	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	20	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	7	21	crust	crust	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	7	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	7	24	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	7	25	abundant	abundant	ADJ
ajst-27743	7	26	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	7	27	water	water	NOUN
ajst-27743	7	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	8	1	since	since	SCONJ
ajst-27743	8	2	crystalline	crystalline	PROPN
ajst-27743	8	3	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	4	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	8	5	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	6	produced	produce	VERB
ajst-27743	8	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	8	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	8	9	first	first	ADJ
ajst-27743	8	10	time	time	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	8	12	1954	1954	NUM
ajst-27743	8	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	8	14	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	15	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	8	16	held	hold	VERB
ajst-27743	8	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	8	18	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	8	19	important	important	ADJ
ajst-27743	8	20	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	21	position	position	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	8	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	24	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	25	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	8	27	maintained	maintain	VERB
ajst-27743	8	28	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	29	dominance	dominance	NOUN
ajst-27743	8	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	9	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	9	2	importance	importance	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	9	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	5	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	9	6	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	7	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	9	9	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	9	10	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	9	12	current	current	ADJ
ajst-27743	9	13	status	status	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	14	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	9	15	briefly	briefly	ADV
ajst-27743	9	16	outlined	outline	VERB
ajst-27743	9	17	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	9	18	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	9	19	paper	paper	NOUN
ajst-27743	9	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	10	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	10	2	reviews	review	VERB
ajst-27743	10	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	10	4	advantages	advantage	NOUN
ajst-27743	10	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	10	6	disadvantages	disadvantage	NOUN
ajst-27743	10	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	10	8	existing	exist	VERB
ajst-27743	10	9	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	10	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	10	11	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	10	12	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	10	13	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	10	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	10	15	potential	potential	ADJ
ajst-27743	10	16	future	future	ADJ
ajst-27743	10	17	developments	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	10	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	11	1	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	11	2	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	11	3	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	4	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	11	6	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	7	holds	hold	VERB
ajst-27743	11	8	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-27743	11	9	advantages	advantage	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	10	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	11	11	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	11	12	others	other	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	11	14	suggesting	suggest	VERB
ajst-27743	11	15	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	11	16	broad	broad	ADJ
ajst-27743	11	17	scope	scope	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	18	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	11	19	both	both	CCONJ
ajst-27743	11	20	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	11	22	commercial	commercial	ADJ
ajst-27743	11	23	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	24	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	11	25	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	11	26	long	long	ADJ
ajst-27743	11	27	term	term	NOUN
ajst-27743	11	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	12	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	2	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	12	3	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	12	5	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	6	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	12	8	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	12	9	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	12	11	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	12	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	12	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	13	1	1	1	X
ajst-27743	13	2	.	.	X
ajst-27743	13	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	13	4	1.1	1.1	NUM
ajst-27743	13	5	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	14	1	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	2	significance	significance	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	14	4	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	5	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	6	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	14	7	today	today	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	8	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	14	9	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	14	11	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	12	issues	issue	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	13	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	14	14	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ajst-27743	14	15	concerned	concern	VERB
ajst-27743	14	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	14	17	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-27743	14	18	mineral	mineral	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	19	fossil	fossil	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	20	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	21	still	still	ADV
ajst-27743	14	22	occupies	occupy	VERB
ajst-27743	14	23	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	14	24	key	key	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	25	position	position	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	26	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	14	27	modern	modern	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	28	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	29	use	use	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	14	31	how	how	SCONJ
ajst-27743	14	32	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	14	33	develop	develop	VERB
ajst-27743	14	34	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	35	clean	clean	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	36	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	14	38	renewable	renewable	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	39	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	40	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	14	41	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	14	42	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	14	43	top	top	ADJ
ajst-27743	14	44	priority	priority	NOUN
ajst-27743	14	45	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	15	1	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	15	2	all	all	DET
ajst-27743	15	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	15	4	various	various	ADJ
ajst-27743	15	5	sources	source	NOUN
ajst-27743	15	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	15	7	renewable	renewable	ADJ
ajst-27743	15	8	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	15	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	15	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	15	11	sun	sun	NOUN
ajst-27743	15	12	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	15	13	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	15	14	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	15	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	15	16	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	15	17	inexhaustible	inexhaustible	ADJ
ajst-27743	15	18	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	15	19	human	human	ADJ
ajst-27743	15	20	beings	being	NOUN
ajst-27743	15	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	16	1	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	16	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	16	3	same	same	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	4	time	time	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	16	6	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	16	7	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	16	8	all	all	DET
ajst-27743	16	9	kinds	kind	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	16	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	12	non	non	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	13	-	-	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	14	renewable	renewable	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	15	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	16	17	other	other	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	18	clean	clean	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	19	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	16	21	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	22	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	23	has	have	VERB
ajst-27743	16	24	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	25	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	26	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	16	28	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	29	feasibility	feasibility	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	16	31	conducive	conducive	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	32	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	16	33	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	16	34	realization	realization	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	35	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	16	36	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	37	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	16	39	so	so	SCONJ
ajst-27743	16	40	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	16	41	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	16	42	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	16	43	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	16	44	top	top	ADJ
ajst-27743	16	45	priority	priority	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	46	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	16	47	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	48	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	16	49	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	17	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	17	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	17	3	clear	clear	ADJ
ajst-27743	17	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	17	5	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	6	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	17	7	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	8	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	17	9	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	17	11	direct	direct	ADJ
ajst-27743	17	12	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	17	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	17	15	sun	sun	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	16	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	17	17	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	18	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	17	19	electricity	electricity	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	20	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	17	21	use	use	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	22	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	17	23	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	17	24	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	17	25	highly	highly	ADV
ajst-27743	17	26	sought	seek	VERB
ajst-27743	17	27	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	17	28	after	after	ADP
ajst-27743	17	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	17	30	promising	promising	ADJ
ajst-27743	17	31	area	area	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	32	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	17	33	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	17	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	18	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	2	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	18	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	18	4	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
ajst-27743	18	5	installed	instal	VERB
ajst-27743	18	6	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	7	system	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	8	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	18	10	gw	gw	PROPN
ajst-27743	18	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	18	12	from	from	ADP
ajst-27743	18	13	2004	2004	NUM
ajst-27743	18	14	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	18	15	2023	2023	NUM
ajst-27743	18	16	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	18	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	18	18	context	context	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	19	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	18	20	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	21	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	18	23	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	18	24	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	25	occupy	occupy	VERB
ajst-27743	18	26	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	18	27	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
ajst-27743	18	28	role	role	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	18	30	underscoring	underscore	VERB
ajst-27743	18	31	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	18	32	significance	significance	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	33	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	18	34	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	35	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	36	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	18	37	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	18	38	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	39	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	18	40	novel	novel	ADJ
ajst-27743	18	41	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	42	sources	source	NOUN
ajst-27743	18	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	19	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	19	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	19	4	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	19	5	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	6	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	19	7	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	19	8	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	19	9	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	19	10	rise	rise	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	19	12	recent	recent	ADJ
ajst-27743	19	13	years	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	14	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	19	15	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	19	16	result	result	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	17	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	19	18	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ajst-27743	19	19	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	19	21	improvements	improvement	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	19	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	24	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	19	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	20	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	20	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	20	3	exciting	exciting	ADJ
ajst-27743	20	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	20	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	20	6	2011	2011	NUM
ajst-27743	20	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	20	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	20	9	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	20	10	291	291	NUM
ajst-27743	20	11	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	12	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	13	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	20	14	reached	reach	VERB
ajst-27743	20	15	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	20	16	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	20	17	installation	installation	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	20	19	27.4gw.[1	27.4gw.[1	NUM
ajst-27743	20	20	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	20	21	since	since	SCONJ
ajst-27743	20	22	2018	2018	NUM
ajst-27743	20	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	20	24	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	20	25	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	20	26	rooftop	rooftop	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	27	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	28	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	29	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	20	30	continued	continue	VERB
ajst-27743	20	31	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	20	32	grow	grow	VERB
ajst-27743	20	33	gradually	gradually	ADV
ajst-27743	20	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	20	35	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	20	36	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	20	37	reduction	reduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	38	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	20	39	installation	installation	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	40	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	41	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	20	42	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	20	43	rise	rise	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	44	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	20	45	electricity	electricity	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	46	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	47	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	20	48	prompted	prompt	VERB
ajst-27743	20	49	investors	investor	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	50	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	20	51	accelerate	accelerate	VERB
ajst-27743	20	52	investment	investment	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	53	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	20	54	rooftop	rooftop	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	55	pv	pv	PROPN
ajst-27743	20	56	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	20	57	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	21	1	according	accord	VERB
ajst-27743	21	2	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	21	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	21	4	"	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	21	5	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	21	6	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	7	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	8	snapshot	snapshot	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	9	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-27743	21	10	"	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	21	11	report	report	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	12	released	release	VERB
ajst-27743	21	13	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	21	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	21	15	iea	iea	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	16	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	21	17	pvps	pvps	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	21	19	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	21	20	installed	instal	VERB
ajst-27743	21	21	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	21	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	24	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	21	25	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
ajst-27743	21	26	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	21	27	grown	grow	VERB
ajst-27743	21	28	from	from	ADP
ajst-27743	21	29	1.2tw	1.2tw	PROPN
ajst-27743	21	30	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	21	31	2022	2022	NUM
ajst-27743	21	32	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	21	33	1.6tw	1.6tw	NUM
ajst-27743	21	34	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	21	35	2023	2023	NUM
ajst-27743	21	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	22	1	specific	specific	ADJ
ajst-27743	22	2	values	value	NOUN
ajst-27743	22	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	22	4	trends	trend	NOUN
ajst-27743	22	5	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	22	6	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	22	7	seen	see	VERB
ajst-27743	22	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	22	9	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	22	10	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	22	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	23	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	23	2	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	3	demand	demand	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	4	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	23	5	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	23	6	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-27743	23	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	23	8	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	23	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	23	10	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	11	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	12	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	13	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	23	14	still	still	ADV
ajst-27743	23	15	expanding	expand	VERB
ajst-27743	23	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	23	17	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	23	18	also	also	ADV
ajst-27743	23	19	means	mean	VERB
ajst-27743	23	20	broader	broad	ADJ
ajst-27743	23	21	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	22	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ajst-27743	23	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	24	1	1.2	1.2	NUM
ajst-27743	24	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	25	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	25	2	importance	importance	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	25	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	25	6	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	7	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	8	due	due	ADP
ajst-27743	25	9	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	25	10	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	25	11	superior	superior	ADJ
ajst-27743	25	12	photoelectric	photoelectric	ADJ
ajst-27743	25	13	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	25	15	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	25	16	reliability	reliability	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	25	18	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-27743	25	19	also	also	ADV
ajst-27743	25	20	because	because	SCONJ
ajst-27743	25	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	25	22	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	25	23	relatively	relatively	ADV
ajst-27743	25	24	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	25	25	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	26	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	25	28	inorganic	inorganic	ADJ
ajst-27743	25	29	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	30	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	25	31	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	25	32	always	always	ADV
ajst-27743	25	33	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	25	34	concerned	concern	VERB
ajst-27743	25	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	26	1	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	26	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	26	3	one	one	NUM
ajst-27743	26	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	26	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	26	6	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	26	7	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
ajst-27743	26	8	inorganic	inorganic	ADJ
ajst-27743	26	9	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	26	10	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	26	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	26	12	comprising	comprise	VERB
ajst-27743	26	13	approximately	approximately	ADV
ajst-27743	26	14	28	28	NUM
ajst-27743	26	15	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	26	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	26	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	26	18	earth	earth	NOUN
ajst-27743	26	19	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	26	20	crust	crust	NOUN
ajst-27743	26	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	27	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajst-27743	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	27	3	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	27	4	possesses	possess	VERB
ajst-27743	27	5	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	27	6	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ajst-27743	27	7	reserve	reserve	NOUN
ajst-27743	27	8	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	27	9	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	27	10	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	27	11	exploited	exploit	VERB
ajst-27743	27	12	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	27	13	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	27	14	vital	vital	ADJ
ajst-27743	27	15	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	27	16	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	27	17	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	27	18	extended	extended	ADJ
ajst-27743	27	19	period	period	NOUN
ajst-27743	27	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	28	1	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	2	not	not	PART
ajst-27743	28	3	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	28	4	has	have	VERB
ajst-27743	28	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	28	6	advantages	advantage	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	28	8	inorganic	inorganic	ADJ
ajst-27743	28	9	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	10	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	28	12	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-27743	28	13	also	also	ADV
ajst-27743	28	14	has	have	VERB
ajst-27743	28	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	28	16	advantages	advantage	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	17	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	28	18	superior	superior	ADJ
ajst-27743	28	19	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	20	properties	property	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	28	22	mature	mature	ADJ
ajst-27743	28	23	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	24	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	28	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	28	27	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	28	28	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	28	29	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	28	30	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	28	31	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	28	32	key	key	ADJ
ajst-27743	28	33	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	34	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	28	35	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	28	36	electronics	electronic	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	28	38	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	39	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	40	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	28	41	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	28	42	long	long	ADJ
ajst-27743	28	43	time	time	NOUN
ajst-27743	28	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	29	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	29	2	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
ajst-27743	29	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	29	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	29	6	excess	excess	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	29	8	90	90	NUM
ajst-27743	29	9	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	29	11	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	29	12	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	13	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	29	14	manufactured	manufacture	VERB
ajst-27743	29	15	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	29	16	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	29	17	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	18	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	19	basis	basis	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	20	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	29	21	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	29	22	annual	annual	ADJ
ajst-27743	29	23	basis.[2	basis.[2	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	24	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	29	25	because	because	SCONJ
ajst-27743	29	26	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	29	27	this	this	PRON
ajst-27743	29	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	29	29	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	30	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	31	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	32	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	29	33	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	29	34	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	29	35	important	important	ADJ
ajst-27743	29	36	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	37	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	29	38	today	today	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	39	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	29	40	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	41	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	29	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	30	1	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	30	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	30	3	same	same	ADJ
ajst-27743	30	4	time	time	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	30	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	30	7	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	30	9	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	10	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	11	continues	continue	VERB
ajst-27743	30	12	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	30	13	attract	attract	VERB
ajst-27743	30	14	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-27743	30	15	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	30	17	commercial	commercial	ADJ
ajst-27743	30	18	attention	attention	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	30	20	efforts	effort	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	21	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	30	22	various	various	ADJ
ajst-27743	30	23	countries	country	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	24	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	30	25	improve	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	30	26	their	their	PRON
ajst-27743	30	27	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	28	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	30	30	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	30	31	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	32	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	30	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	31	1	2	2	X
ajst-27743	31	2	.	.	X
ajst-27743	31	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	31	4	history	history	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	5	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	31	6	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	7	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	31	8	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	9	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	10	over	over	ADP
ajst-27743	31	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	31	12	past	past	ADJ
ajst-27743	31	13	century	century	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	31	15	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	16	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	31	17	always	always	ADV
ajst-27743	31	18	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	31	19	considered	consider	VERB
ajst-27743	31	20	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	31	21	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	31	22	important	important	ADJ
ajst-27743	31	23	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	24	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	31	25	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB
ajst-27743	31	26	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	27	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	31	28	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	29	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	31	30	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	31	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	31	32	panels	panel	NOUN
ajst-27743	31	33	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	31	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	32	1	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	32	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	32	3	same	same	ADJ
ajst-27743	32	4	time	time	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	32	6	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	7	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	32	8	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	32	9	shown	show	VERB
ajst-27743	32	10	over	over	ADP
ajst-27743	32	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	32	12	past	past	ADJ
ajst-27743	32	13	30	30	NUM
ajst-27743	32	14	years	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	15	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	32	16	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	32	17	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	32	18	degraded	degraded	ADJ
ajst-27743	32	19	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	20	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	21	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	32	22	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	32	23	reliability	reliability	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	32	25	limited	limited	ADJ
ajst-27743	32	26	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	32	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	33	1	bell	bell	PROPN
ajst-27743	33	2	labs	labs	PROPN
ajst-27743	33	3	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	33	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	33	5	united	united	PROPN
ajst-27743	33	6	states	states	PROPN
ajst-27743	33	7	first	first	ADV
ajst-27743	33	8	produced	produce	VERB
ajst-27743	33	9	6	6	NUM
ajst-27743	33	10	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	11	crystalline	crystalline	PROPN
ajst-27743	33	12	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	13	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	33	14	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	15	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	33	16	1954	1954	NUM
ajst-27743	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	33	18	since	since	SCONJ
ajst-27743	33	19	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	33	20	milestone	milestone	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	21	achievement	achievement	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	33	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	24	power	power	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	25	generation	generation	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	26	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	27	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	33	28	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	33	29	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	33	30	worldwide	worldwide	ADJ
ajst-27743	33	31	concern	concern	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	33	33	reached	reach	VERB
ajst-27743	33	34	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	33	35	leap	leap	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	36	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	33	37	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	33	38	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	39	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	33	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	34	1	martin	martin	PROPN
ajst-27743	34	2	green	green	PROPN
ajst-27743	34	3	once	once	ADV
ajst-27743	34	4	felt	feel	VERB
ajst-27743	34	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	34	6	"	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	34	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	34	8	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	34	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	34	10	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	34	11	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	34	12	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	34	13	gone	go	VERB
ajst-27743	34	14	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	34	15	three	three	NUM
ajst-27743	34	16	generations	generation	NOUN
ajst-27743	34	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	34	18	"	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	35	1	following	follow	VERB
ajst-27743	35	2	decades	decade	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	35	4	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	5	since	since	SCONJ
ajst-27743	35	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	35	7	initial	initial	ADJ
ajst-27743	35	8	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	35	10	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	35	11	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	35	13	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	14	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	35	15	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	35	16	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	35	17	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	18	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	35	19	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-27743	35	20	considerable	considerable	ADJ
ajst-27743	35	21	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	35	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	36	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	36	2	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	36	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	36	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	36	5	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	36	6	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	36	7	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	36	8	proved	prove	VERB
ajst-27743	36	9	advantageous	advantageous	ADJ
ajst-27743	36	10	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	36	11	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ajst-27743	36	12	countries	country	NOUN
ajst-27743	36	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	36	14	enabling	enable	VERB
ajst-27743	36	15	them	they	PRON
ajst-27743	36	16	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	36	17	attain	attain	VERB
ajst-27743	36	18	grid	grid	NOUN
ajst-27743	36	19	parity	parity	NOUN
ajst-27743	36	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	37	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajst-27743	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	37	3	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	37	4	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	37	5	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	37	6	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	37	7	modules	module	NOUN
ajst-27743	37	8	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	37	9	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	37	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	37	11	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajst-27743	37	12	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	37	13	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	37	14	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	37	15	field	field	NOUN
ajst-27743	37	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	38	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	38	2	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	3	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	38	5	characterised	characterise	VERB
ajst-27743	38	6	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	38	7	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	38	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ajst-27743	38	9	range	range	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	38	11	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	38	13	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	38	14	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	38	16	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	38	17	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	38	18	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	19	occupying	occupy	VERB
ajst-27743	38	20	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	38	21	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajst-27743	38	22	position	position	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	23	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	38	24	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	38	25	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	38	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	39	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	39	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	39	3	past	past	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	4	two	two	NUM
ajst-27743	39	5	decades	decade	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	39	7	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	8	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	9	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	10	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	11	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	39	12	experienced	experience	VERB
ajst-27743	39	13	three	three	NUM
ajst-27743	39	14	major	major	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	15	technological	technological	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	16	iterations	iteration	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	39	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	39	19	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	20	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	21	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	39	22	developed	develop	VERB
ajst-27743	39	23	from	from	ADP
ajst-27743	39	24	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	39	25	first	first	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	26	generation	generation	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	27	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	39	28	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	39	29	fourth	fourth	ADJ
ajst-27743	39	30	generation	generation	NOUN
ajst-27743	39	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	1	during	during	ADP
ajst-27743	40	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	40	3	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	40	4	bsf	bsf	PROPN
ajst-27743	40	5	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	6	aluminium	aluminium	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	7	diffused	diffuse	VERB
ajst-27743	40	8	back	back	ADP
ajst-27743	40	9	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	10	field	field	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	12	era	era	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	14	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	15	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	16	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	17	were	be	AUX
ajst-27743	40	18	less	less	ADJ
ajst-27743	40	19	than	than	ADP
ajst-27743	40	20	20	20	NUM
ajst-27743	40	21	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	23	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	40	24	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	40	25	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	40	26	perc	perc	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	27	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	28	passivated	passivate	VERB
ajst-27743	40	29	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	30	back	back	ADJ
ajst-27743	40	31	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	32	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	33	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	35	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	36	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	40	37	improved	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	40	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	40	39	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-27743	40	40	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	40	41	still	still	ADV
ajst-27743	40	42	below	below	ADP
ajst-27743	40	43	25	25	NUM
ajst-27743	40	44	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	40	45	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	41	1	since	since	SCONJ
ajst-27743	41	2	last	last	ADJ
ajst-27743	41	3	year	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	41	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	41	6	topcon	topcon	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	7	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	41	8	tunneled	tunneled	ADJ
ajst-27743	41	9	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	10	passivated	passivate	VERB
ajst-27743	41	11	contacts	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	12	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	41	13	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	14	upgrade	upgrade	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	15	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	41	16	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	41	17	carried	carry	VERB
ajst-27743	41	18	out	out	ADP
ajst-27743	41	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	41	20	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-27743	41	21	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	41	22	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	41	23	great	great	ADJ
ajst-27743	41	24	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	25	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	41	26	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	27	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	28	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	41	30	directly	directly	ADV
ajst-27743	41	31	exceeding	exceed	VERB
ajst-27743	41	32	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	41	33	25	25	NUM
ajst-27743	41	34	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	35	value	value	NOUN
ajst-27743	41	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	42	2	may	may	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	42	4	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	42	5	year	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	7	longi	longi	VERB
ajst-27743	42	8	green	green	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	9	energy	energy	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	10	technology	technology	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	11	co.	co.	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	13	ltd	ltd	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	14	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	15	announced	announce	VERB
ajst-27743	42	16	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	42	17	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	42	18	self	self	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	20	developed	develop	VERB
ajst-27743	42	21	back	back	ADJ
ajst-27743	42	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	23	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	24	crystalline	crystalline	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	25	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	26	heterojunction	heterojunction	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	27	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	42	28	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	29	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	30	hbc	hbc	PROPN
ajst-27743	42	31	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	33	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	42	34	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	42	35	photoelectric	photoelectric	ADJ
ajst-27743	42	36	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	37	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	38	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	42	39	up	up	ADP
ajst-27743	42	40	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	42	41	27.30	27.30	NUM
ajst-27743	42	42	per	per	ADP
ajst-27743	42	43	cent	cent	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	44	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	42	45	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	42	46	once	once	ADV
ajst-27743	42	47	again	again	ADV
ajst-27743	42	48	broke	break	VERB
ajst-27743	42	49	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	42	50	world	world	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	51	record	record	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	52	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	42	53	monocrystalline	monocrystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	42	54	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	55	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	56	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	57	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	58	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	42	59	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	43	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	43	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	43	3	worth	worth	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	4	mentioning	mention	VERB
ajst-27743	43	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	43	6	this	this	PRON
ajst-27743	43	7	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	43	8	another	another	DET
ajst-27743	43	9	major	major	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	10	breakthrough	breakthrough	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	11	after	after	ADP
ajst-27743	43	12	longi	longi	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	13	set	set	VERB
ajst-27743	43	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	43	15	world	world	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	16	record	record	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	17	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	43	18	27.09	27.09	NUM
ajst-27743	43	19	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	20	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	43	23	hbc	hbc	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	24	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	25	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	43	26	december	december	PROPN
ajst-27743	43	27	2023	2023	NUM
ajst-27743	43	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	43	29	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	43	30	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-27743	43	31	longi	longi	PROPN
ajst-27743	43	32	's	's	PART
ajst-27743	43	33	excellent	excellent	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	34	strength	strength	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	43	36	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	37	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	38	ability	ability	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	39	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	43	40	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	43	41	field	field	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	42	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	43	43	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	44	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	45	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	46	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	43	47	development.[3	development.[3	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	48	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	43	49	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	50	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	43	51	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	43	52	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	43	53	compilation	compilation	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	54	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	43	55	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	43	56	national	national	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	57	renewable	renewable	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	58	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	59	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	60	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	43	61	nrel	nrel	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	62	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	43	63	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	43	64	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	43	65	highest	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	66	proven	prove	VERB
ajst-27743	43	67	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	68	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	69	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	70	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	71	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	43	72	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	73	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	74	prepared	prepare	VERB
ajst-27743	43	75	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	43	76	different	different	ADJ
ajst-27743	43	77	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	78	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	43	79	from	from	ADP
ajst-27743	43	80	1976	1976	NUM
ajst-27743	43	81	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	43	82	2022	2022	NUM
ajst-27743	43	83	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	44	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	44	2	2	2	NUM
ajst-27743	44	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	44	4	nrel	nrel	NOUN
ajst-27743	44	5	best	good	ADJ
ajst-27743	44	6	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	44	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	44	8	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	44	9	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	44	10	chart	chart	VERB
ajst-27743	44	11	292	292	NUM
ajst-27743	44	12	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	44	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	45	1	current	current	ADJ
ajst-27743	45	2	typical	typical	ADJ
ajst-27743	45	3	types	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	45	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	45	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	45	6	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	45	7	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	45	8	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	45	9	3.1	3.1	NUM
ajst-27743	45	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	46	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	2	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	46	3	silicon	silicon	PROPN
ajst-27743	46	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	46	6	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	46	7	indirect	indirect	ADJ
ajst-27743	46	8	semiconductor	semiconductor	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	46	10	has	have	VERB
ajst-27743	46	11	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	46	12	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	46	13	degree	degree	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	14	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	46	15	stability	stability	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	46	17	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	18	length	length	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	19	due	due	ADP
ajst-27743	46	20	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	46	21	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	46	22	band	band	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	23	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	24	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	46	25	1.12	1.12	NUM
ajst-27743	46	26	ev	ev	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	27	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	46	28	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	46	29	temperature	temperature	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	30	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	46	31	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	46	32	room	room	NOUN
ajst-27743	46	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	47	1	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	47	2	bandgap	bandgap	NOUN
ajst-27743	47	3	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	47	4	perfectly	perfectly	ADV
ajst-27743	47	5	aligned	align	VERB
ajst-27743	47	6	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	47	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	47	8	am1.5	am1.5	X
ajst-27743	47	9	standard	standard	ADJ
ajst-27743	47	10	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	47	11	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
ajst-27743	47	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	48	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	3	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	48	5	single	single	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	6	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	7	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	8	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	9	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	10	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	11	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	48	12	reach	reach	VERB
ajst-27743	48	13	29.4	29.4	NUM
ajst-27743	48	14	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	15	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-27743	48	16	direct	direct	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	17	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	19	auger	auger	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	20	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	48	22	defectassisted	defectassiste	VERB
ajst-27743	48	23	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	24	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	48	25	taken	take	VERB
ajst-27743	48	26	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	48	27	account	account	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	48	29	calculated	calculate	VERB
ajst-27743	48	30	using	use	VERB
ajst-27743	48	31	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	48	32	shockley	shockley	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	34	queisser	queisser	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	35	formula.[4	formula.[4	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	36	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	37	additionally	additionally	ADV
ajst-27743	48	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	39	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	48	40	indirect	indirect	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	41	band	band	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	42	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	43	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	44	absorption	absorption	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	45	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	46	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	48	47	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	48	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	48	49	relatively	relatively	ADV
ajst-27743	48	50	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	51	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	52	allowing	allow	VERB
ajst-27743	48	53	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	48	54	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	48	55	gradual	gradual	ADJ
ajst-27743	48	56	change	change	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	57	around	around	ADP
ajst-27743	48	58	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	48	59	band	band	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	60	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	48	61	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	62	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	48	63	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	49	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajst-27743	49	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	49	3	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	49	4	relatively	relatively	ADV
ajst-27743	49	5	thick	thick	ADJ
ajst-27743	49	6	chip	chip	NOUN
ajst-27743	49	7	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	49	8	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ajst-27743	49	9	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	49	10	absorb	absorb	VERB
ajst-27743	49	11	all	all	DET
ajst-27743	49	12	light	light	NOUN
ajst-27743	49	13	above	above	ADP
ajst-27743	49	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	49	15	band	band	NOUN
ajst-27743	49	16	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	49	17	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	49	18	photon	photon	NOUN
ajst-27743	49	19	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	49	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	50	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	50	2	relatively	relatively	ADV
ajst-27743	50	3	thick	thick	ADJ
ajst-27743	50	4	chip	chip	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	5	also	also	ADV
ajst-27743	50	6	means	mean	VERB
ajst-27743	50	7	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	50	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	50	9	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	10	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	11	increases	increase	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	50	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	50	14	this	this	PRON
ajst-27743	50	15	may	may	AUX
ajst-27743	50	16	also	also	ADV
ajst-27743	50	17	lead	lead	VERB
ajst-27743	50	18	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	50	19	more	more	ADJ
ajst-27743	50	20	bulk	bulk	ADJ
ajst-27743	50	21	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	50	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	50	24	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	50	25	open	open	ADJ
ajst-27743	50	26	circuit	circuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	27	voltage	voltage	NOUN
ajst-27743	50	28	will	will	AUX
ajst-27743	50	29	decline	decline	VERB
ajst-27743	50	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	51	1	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	51	2	number	number	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	51	4	key	key	ADJ
ajst-27743	51	5	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	6	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	51	7	impact	impact	VERB
ajst-27743	51	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	51	9	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
ajst-27743	51	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	11	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	51	12	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	51	13	system	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	14	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	51	15	bandgap	bandgap	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	51	17	capturing	capture	VERB
ajst-27743	51	18	all	all	DET
ajst-27743	51	19	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	51	20	photons	photon	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	21	above	above	ADP
ajst-27743	51	22	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	51	23	bandgap	bandgap	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	51	25	collecting	collect	VERB
ajst-27743	51	26	all	all	DET
ajst-27743	51	27	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	51	28	generated	generate	VERB
ajst-27743	51	29	charge	charge	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	30	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	51	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	52	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	52	2	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	52	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	52	5	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	52	7	especially	especially	ADV
ajst-27743	52	8	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-27743	52	9	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	52	10	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	52	11	related	relate	VERB
ajst-27743	52	12	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	52	13	volume	volume	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	52	15	interface	interface	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	52	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	52	18	charge	charge	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	19	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	20	trapping	trap	VERB
ajst-27743	52	21	caused	cause	VERB
ajst-27743	52	22	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	52	23	interface	interface	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	24	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	52	26	plays	play	VERB
ajst-27743	52	27	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	52	28	vital	vital	ADJ
ajst-27743	52	29	role	role	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	30	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	52	31	determining	determine	VERB
ajst-27743	52	32	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	52	33	final	final	ADJ
ajst-27743	52	34	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	35	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	36	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	52	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	53	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	53	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	53	4	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	53	5	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	6	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	53	7	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	53	8	enhanced	enhance	VERB
ajst-27743	53	9	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	53	10	optimising	optimise	VERB
ajst-27743	53	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	53	12	structure	structure	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	53	14	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	53	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	53	16	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	17	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	18	materials.[5	materials.[5	PRON
ajst-27743	53	19	]	]	X
ajst-27743	53	20	table	table	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	21	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	53	22	provides	provide	VERB
ajst-27743	53	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	53	24	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	25	parameters	parameter	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	26	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	53	27	different	different	ADJ
ajst-27743	53	28	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	29	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	53	30	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	53	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	54	1	table	table	NOUN
ajst-27743	54	2	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	54	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	54	4	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	54	5	parameters	parameter	NOUN
ajst-27743	54	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	54	7	different	different	ADJ
ajst-27743	54	8	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	54	9	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	54	10	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	54	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	55	1	device	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	55	2	eff	eff	PROPN
ajst-27743	55	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	1	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	2	%	%	INTJ
ajst-27743	56	3	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	4	voc	voc	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	5	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	6	mv	mv	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	7	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	8	jsc	jsc	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	10	ma	ma	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	11	cm-2	cm-2	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	12	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	13	ff(%	ff(%	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	14	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	15	description	description	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	16	ideal	ideal	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	18	110μm	110μm	ADJ
ajst-27743	56	19	29.4	29.4	NUM
ajst-27743	56	20	761	761	NUM
ajst-27743	56	21	43.3	43.3	NUM
ajst-27743	56	22	89.3	89.3	NUM
ajst-27743	56	23	modeled[6	modeled[6	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	24	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	25	n	n	CCONJ
ajst-27743	56	26	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	27	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	28	mono	mono	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	29	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	30	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	31	26.3	26.3	NUM
ajst-27743	56	32	744	744	NUM
ajst-27743	56	33	42.3	42.3	NUM
ajst-27743	56	34	83.8	83.8	NUM
ajst-27743	56	35	kaneka[7	kaneka[7	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	36	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	37	n	n	CCONJ
ajst-27743	56	38	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	39	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	40	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	41	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	42	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	43	topcon	topcon	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	44	22.6	22.6	NUM
ajst-27743	56	45	678	678	NUM
ajst-27743	56	46	40.8	40.8	NUM
ajst-27743	56	47	81.9	81.9	NUM
ajst-27743	56	48	fhg	fhg	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	49	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	50	ise[8	ise[8	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	51	]	]	SYM
ajst-27743	56	52	n	n	CCONJ
ajst-27743	56	53	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	54	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	55	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	56	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	57	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	58	perl	perl	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	59	21.1	21.1	NUM
ajst-27743	56	60	666	666	NUM
ajst-27743	56	61	35.7	35.7	NUM
ajst-27743	56	62	79.9	79.9	NUM
ajst-27743	56	63	anu[9	anu[9	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	64	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	65	p	p	X
ajst-27743	56	66	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	67	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	68	mono	mono	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	69	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	56	70	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	71	perc	perc	PROPN
ajst-27743	56	72	22.61	22.61	NUM
ajst-27743	56	73	684	684	NUM
ajst-27743	56	74	40.5	40.5	NUM
ajst-27743	56	75	81.5	81.5	NUM
ajst-27743	56	76	trina	trina	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	77	solar[10	solar[10	NOUN
ajst-27743	56	78	]	]	X
ajst-27743	57	1	p	p	X
ajst-27743	57	2	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	57	3	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	4	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	57	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	57	6	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	57	7	perc	perc	PROPN
ajst-27743	57	8	21.3	21.3	NUM
ajst-27743	57	9	667	667	NUM
ajst-27743	57	10	398	398	NUM
ajst-27743	57	11	80	80	NUM
ajst-27743	57	12	trina	trina	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	13	solar[11	solar[11	VERB
ajst-27743	57	14	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	57	15	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	57	16	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	57	18	composite	composite	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	19	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	20	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	21	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	22	have	have	VERB
ajst-27743	57	23	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	24	technical	technical	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	25	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	57	27	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	28	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	29	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	57	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	57	32	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajst-27743	57	33	have	have	VERB
ajst-27743	57	34	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	57	35	larger	large	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	36	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	37	share	share	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	38	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	57	39	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	57	40	singlecrystal	singlecrystal	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	41	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	42	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	57	43	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	57	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
ajst-27743	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	58	4	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	5	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	58	7	composite	composite	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	8	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	9	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	10	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	11	remains	remain	VERB
ajst-27743	58	12	inferior	inferior	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	13	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	58	14	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	58	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	58	16	single	single	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	17	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	18	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	19	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	20	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	22	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	58	23	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	58	24	average	average	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	25	difference	difference	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	26	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	58	27	approximately	approximately	ADV
ajst-27743	58	28	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	58	29	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	30	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	58	31	2%.[5	2%.[5	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	32	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	33	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajst-27743	58	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	35	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	58	36	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	58	38	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	39	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	58	40	battery	battery	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	41	structures	structure	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	42	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	58	43	require	require	VERB
ajst-27743	58	44	better	well	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	45	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	46	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	47	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	58	48	all	all	PRON
ajst-27743	58	49	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	58	50	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	58	51	single	single	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	52	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	53	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	54	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	55	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	58	56	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	58	57	composite	composite	ADJ
ajst-27743	58	58	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	59	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	58	60	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	58	61	basis	basis	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	62	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	58	63	experiments	experiment	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	64	aimed	aim	VERB
ajst-27743	58	65	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	58	66	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	58	67	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	58	68	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	69	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	58	70	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	58	71	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	58	72	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	59	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
ajst-27743	59	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	59	3	crystalline	crystalline	PROPN
ajst-27743	59	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	59	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	59	6	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ajst-27743	59	7	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	59	8	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	59	9	3.2.1	3.2.1	NUM
ajst-27743	59	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	60	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	60	2	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	60	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	5	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	60	6	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	60	8	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	60	9	popular	popular	ADJ
ajst-27743	60	10	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	60	11	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	12	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	13	modules	module	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	14	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	60	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	60	16	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	17	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	60	18	typically	typically	ADV
ajst-27743	60	19	prepared	prepare	VERB
ajst-27743	60	20	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	60	21	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	60	22	following	follow	VERB
ajst-27743	60	23	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	60	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	61	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	61	2	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	61	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	5	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	6	begins	begin	VERB
ajst-27743	61	7	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	61	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	61	9	use	use	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	61	11	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	61	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	61	13	purity	purity	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	14	silica	silica	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	15	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	61	16	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	61	17	raw	raw	ADJ
ajst-27743	61	18	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	61	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	62	1	this	this	PRON
ajst-27743	62	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	62	3	processed	process	VERB
ajst-27743	62	4	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	62	5	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	62	6	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	62	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	62	8	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	9	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	10	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	62	11	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	62	12	arc	arc	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	13	furnace	furnace	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	62	15	undergoing	undergo	VERB
ajst-27743	62	16	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	62	17	reduction	reduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	18	reaction	reaction	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	19	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	62	20	obtain	obtain	VERB
ajst-27743	62	21	approximately	approximately	ADV
ajst-27743	62	22	99	99	NUM
ajst-27743	62	23	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	24	purity	purity	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	25	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	62	26	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	62	27	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	62	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	63	1	however	however	ADV
ajst-27743	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	63	3	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	63	4	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	63	5	also	also	ADV
ajst-27743	63	6	results	result	VERB
ajst-27743	63	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	63	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	63	9	presence	presence	NOUN
ajst-27743	63	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	63	11	minor	minor	ADJ
ajst-27743	63	12	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	63	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	63	14	including	include	VERB
ajst-27743	63	15	aluminium	aluminium	NOUN
ajst-27743	63	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	63	17	iron	iron	NOUN
ajst-27743	63	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	63	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	63	20	gallium	gallium	NOUN
ajst-27743	63	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	64	1	then	then	ADV
ajst-27743	64	2	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	64	3	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	64	4	further	far	ADV
ajst-27743	64	5	purified	purify	VERB
ajst-27743	64	6	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	64	7	chemical	chemical	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	8	means	mean	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	9	such	such	ADJ
ajst-27743	64	10	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	64	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	64	12	simenzi	simenzi	ADJ
ajst-27743	64	13	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	14	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	64	15	obtain	obtain	VERB
ajst-27743	64	16	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	64	17	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	18	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	19	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	64	20	purity	purity	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	64	22	about	about	ADP
ajst-27743	64	23	99.9999	99.9999	NUM
ajst-27743	64	24	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	64	25	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	64	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	65	1	here	here	ADV
ajst-27743	65	2	czochralski	czochralski	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	3	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	65	4	directional	directional	ADJ
ajst-27743	65	5	solidification	solidification	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	6	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	65	7	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	65	8	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	65	9	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	65	10	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-27743	65	11	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	12	ingot	ingot	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	65	15	obtain	obtain	VERB
ajst-27743	65	16	monocrystalline	monocrystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	65	17	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	65	19	polysilicon.[12	polysilicon.[12	PROPN
ajst-27743	65	20	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	65	21	finally	finally	ADV
ajst-27743	65	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	65	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	65	24	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	25	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	65	26	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	65	27	obtained	obtain	VERB
ajst-27743	65	28	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	65	29	wire	wire	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	30	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	65	31	cut	cut	VERB
ajst-27743	65	32	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	33	ingot	ingot	NOUN
ajst-27743	65	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	2	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	66	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	4	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	5	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	66	7	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	9	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	10	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	11	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	66	12	cell.[5	cell.[5	X
ajst-27743	66	13	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	14	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	15	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	66	16	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
ajst-27743	66	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	66	18	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	19	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	66	21	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	66	22	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	23	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	66	24	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	26	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	66	27	involves	involve	VERB
ajst-27743	66	28	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	66	29	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	30	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	66	31	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	66	33	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	66	34	formation	formation	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	35	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	66	36	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	66	37	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	38	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	39	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	40	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	41	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	66	42	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	66	43	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	44	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	45	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	66	46	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	66	47	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	66	48	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	66	49	back	back	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	50	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-27743	66	51	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	67	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	67	2	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	3	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	67	4	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	5	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	67	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	67	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	67	8	fact	fact	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	67	10	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	67	11	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	67	13	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	14	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	15	device	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	67	17	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	67	18	makes	make	VERB
ajst-27743	67	19	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	67	20	fabrication	fabrication	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	21	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	67	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	67	24	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	25	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	67	26	matter	matter	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	27	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	67	28	great	great	ADJ
ajst-27743	67	29	importance	importance	NOUN
ajst-27743	67	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	68	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	68	2	following	follow	VERB
ajst-27743	68	3	section	section	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	4	will	will	AUX
ajst-27743	68	5	present	present	VERB
ajst-27743	68	6	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	68	7	detailed	detailed	ADJ
ajst-27743	68	8	description	description	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	68	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	68	11	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	12	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	68	14	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	68	15	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	16	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	68	17	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	18	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	68	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	69	1	after	after	SCONJ
ajst-27743	69	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	69	3	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	69	5	annealed	anneal	VERB
ajst-27743	69	6	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	69	7	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	69	8	temperatures	temperature	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	69	10	under	under	ADP
ajst-27743	69	11	normal	normal	ADJ
ajst-27743	69	12	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	69	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	69	15	doping	doping	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	16	will	will	AUX
ajst-27743	69	17	form	form	VERB
ajst-27743	69	18	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	69	19	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	69	21	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	22	293	293	NUM
ajst-27743	69	23	layer	layer	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	24	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	69	25	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	69	26	microns	micron	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	27	thick	thick	ADJ
ajst-27743	69	28	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	69	29	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	69	30	doping	doping	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	31	here	here	ADV
ajst-27743	69	32	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	69	33	usually	usually	ADV
ajst-27743	69	34	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	69	35	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	69	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	70	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	70	2	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	70	3	case	case	NOUN
ajst-27743	70	4	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	70	5	doped	dope	VERB
ajst-27743	70	6	region	region	NOUN
ajst-27743	70	7	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	70	8	formed	form	VERB
ajst-27743	70	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	70	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	70	11	n	n	ADV
ajst-27743	70	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	70	13	doped	dope	VERB
ajst-27743	70	14	region	region	NOUN
ajst-27743	70	15	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	70	16	defined	define	VERB
ajst-27743	70	17	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	70	18	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	70	19	"	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	70	20	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	70	21	"	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	70	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	71	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	71	2	electrons	electron	NOUN
ajst-27743	71	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	71	4	hole	hole	NOUN
ajst-27743	71	5	pairs	pair	NOUN
ajst-27743	71	6	created	create	VERB
ajst-27743	71	7	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	71	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	71	9	light	light	NOUN
ajst-27743	71	10	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	71	11	separated	separate	VERB
ajst-27743	71	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	71	13	effectively	effectively	ADV
ajst-27743	71	14	collected	collect	VERB
ajst-27743	71	15	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	71	16	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	71	17	region	region	NOUN
ajst-27743	71	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	72	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	72	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	72	3	environment	environment	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	72	5	nitrogen	nitrogen	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	6	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	72	7	argon	argon	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	72	9	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	10	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	11	usually	usually	ADV
ajst-27743	72	12	occurs	occur	VERB
ajst-27743	72	13	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	72	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	72	15	temperature	temperature	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	16	zone	zone	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	17	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	72	18	about	about	ADV
ajst-27743	72	19	850	850	NUM
ajst-27743	72	20	°	°	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	21	c	c	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	22	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	72	23	900	900	NUM
ajst-27743	72	24	°	°	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	25	c	c	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	72	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	72	28	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	72	29	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	30	source	source	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	31	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	72	32	phospho	phospho	ADJ
ajst-27743	72	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	72	34	oxychloride	oxychloride	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	35	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	72	36	pocl3).[5	pocl3).[5	X
ajst-27743	72	37	]	]	X
ajst-27743	72	38	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	72	39	reaction	reaction	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	40	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	72	41	o2	o2	PROPN
ajst-27743	72	42	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	72	43	pocl3	pocl3	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	44	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	72	45	produce	produce	VERB
ajst-27743	72	46	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	47	pentoxide	pentoxide	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	48	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	72	49	very	very	ADV
ajst-27743	72	50	important	important	ADJ
ajst-27743	72	51	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	72	52	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	72	53	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	72	54	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	1	here	here	ADV
ajst-27743	73	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	73	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	73	4	reaction	reaction	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	6	4pocl	4pocl	NUM
ajst-27743	73	7	5o	5o	NUM
ajst-27743	73	8	2p	2p	NUM
ajst-27743	73	9	o	o	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	10	6cl	6cl	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	11	↑	↑	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	12	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	13	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	73	14	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	15	2p	2p	NUM
ajst-27743	73	16	o	o	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	17	5si	5si	ADJ
ajst-27743	73	18	4p	4p	ADJ
ajst-27743	73	19	5sio	5sio	PROPN
ajst-27743	73	20	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	21	2	2	NUM
ajst-27743	73	22	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	73	24	phosphor	phosphor	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	25	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	26	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	27	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	73	28	another	another	DET
ajst-27743	73	29	important	important	ADJ
ajst-27743	73	30	benefit	benefit	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	31	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	73	32	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	73	33	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	73	35	especially	especially	ADV
ajst-27743	73	36	polysilicon	polysilicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	37	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	73	38	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	74	1	during	during	ADP
ajst-27743	74	2	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	3	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	74	5	contamination	contamination	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	6	due	due	ADP
ajst-27743	74	7	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	74	8	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	9	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	10	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	74	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	74	12	thicker	thick	ADJ
ajst-27743	74	13	parts	part	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	14	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	74	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	74	16	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	17	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	74	18	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ajst-27743	74	19	gelling	gel	VERB
ajst-27743	74	20	effects	effect	NOUN
ajst-27743	74	21	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	74	22	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	74	23	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	74	24	minimised	minimise	VERB
ajst-27743	74	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	75	1	transition	transition	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	2	metals	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	3	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	75	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ajst-27743	75	5	iron	iron	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	75	7	nickel	nickel	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	75	9	chromium	chromium	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	75	11	copper	copper	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	12	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	75	13	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	75	14	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	75	15	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
ajst-27743	75	16	transported	transport	VERB
ajst-27743	75	17	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	75	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	75	19	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	20	region	region	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	75	22	thus	thus	ADV
ajst-27743	75	23	extending	extend	VERB
ajst-27743	75	24	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	75	25	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	26	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	27	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	75	28	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	75	29	minority	minority	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	30	carriers.[13	carriers.[13	NOUN
ajst-27743	75	31	]	]	X
ajst-27743	76	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	76	2	14	14	NUM
ajst-27743	76	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	76	4	following	follow	VERB
ajst-27743	76	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	76	6	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	76	8	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	76	10	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	76	11	phosphosilicate	phosphosilicate	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	12	glass	glass	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	13	layer	layer	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	14	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	76	15	psg	psg	PROPN
ajst-27743	76	16	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	76	17	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	76	18	formed	form	VERB
ajst-27743	76	19	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	76	20	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	76	21	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	76	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	76	24	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	76	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	77	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	77	2	complete	complete	ADJ
ajst-27743	77	3	removal	removal	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	77	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	77	6	psg	psg	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	7	layer	layer	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	77	9	edge	edge	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	10	isolation	isolation	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	11	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	77	12	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	77	13	achieved	achieve	VERB
ajst-27743	77	14	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	77	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	77	16	application	application	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	17	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	77	18	wet	wet	ADJ
ajst-27743	77	19	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	77	21	whereby	whereby	SCONJ
ajst-27743	77	22	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	77	23	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	24	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	77	25	immersed	immerse	VERB
ajst-27743	77	26	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	77	27	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	77	28	hydrofluoric	hydrofluoric	ADJ
ajst-27743	77	29	acid	acid	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	30	solution	solution	NOUN
ajst-27743	77	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	78	1	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	78	2	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	3	ensures	ensure	VERB
ajst-27743	78	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	78	5	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	78	6	one	one	NUM
ajst-27743	78	7	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	78	9	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	10	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	11	forms	form	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	12	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	78	13	top	top	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	14	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	78	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	78	16	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	78	17	cell.[5	cell.[5	X
ajst-27743	78	18	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	78	19	3.2.2	3.2.2	NUM
ajst-27743	78	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	78	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	22	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	23	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	78	24	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	25	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	78	26	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	78	27	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	78	28	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	29	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	78	30	band	band	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	31	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	32	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	78	33	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	34	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	78	35	1.2	1.2	NUM
ajst-27743	78	36	electronvolts	electronvolt	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	78	38	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	78	39	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	78	40	consistent	consistent	ADJ
ajst-27743	78	41	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	78	42	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	78	43	standard	standard	ADJ
ajst-27743	78	44	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	78	45	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
ajst-27743	78	46	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	79	1	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	79	2	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	79	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	79	4	detailed	detailed	ADJ
ajst-27743	79	5	balance	balance	NOUN
ajst-27743	79	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	79	7	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	79	8	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	79	9	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	79	10	seen	see	VERB
ajst-27743	79	11	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	79	12	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	79	13	mobility	mobility	NOUN
ajst-27743	79	14	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	79	15	infinite	infinite	ADJ
ajst-27743	79	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	79	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	79	18	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	79	19	generated	generate	VERB
ajst-27743	79	20	anywhere	anywhere	ADV
ajst-27743	79	21	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	79	22	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	79	23	collected	collect	VERB
ajst-27743	79	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	79	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	79	26	as	as	ADV
ajst-27743	79	27	long	long	ADV
ajst-27743	79	28	as	as	SCONJ
ajst-27743	79	29	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	79	30	photon	photon	NOUN
ajst-27743	79	31	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	79	32	above	above	ADP
ajst-27743	79	33	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	79	34	band	band	NOUN
ajst-27743	79	35	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	79	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	79	37	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	79	38	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	79	39	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	79	40	fully	fully	ADV
ajst-27743	79	41	absorbed	absorb	VERB
ajst-27743	79	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	80	1	according	accord	VERB
ajst-27743	80	2	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	80	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	80	4	findings	finding	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	5	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	80	6	shockley	shockley	PROPN
ajst-27743	80	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	80	8	queisser	queisser	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	9	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	80	10	1961	1961	NUM
ajst-27743	80	11	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	80	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	80	13	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	80	14	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ajst-27743	80	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	80	17	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	80	18	semi	semi	ADJ
ajst-27743	80	19	-	-	ADJ
ajst-27743	80	20	infinitely	infinitely	ADV
ajst-27743	80	21	thick	thick	ADJ
ajst-27743	80	22	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	24	device	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	25	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	80	26	33.5	33.5	NUM
ajst-27743	80	27	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	28	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-27743	80	29	both	both	DET
ajst-27743	80	30	room	room	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	31	temp	temp	NOUN
ajst-27743	80	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	81	1	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	81	2	am1.5	am1.5	X
ajst-27743	81	3	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	81	4	met.[8	met.[8	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	5	]	]	X
ajst-27743	81	6	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	81	7	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ajst-27743	81	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	81	10	29.4	29.4	NUM
ajst-27743	81	11	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	12	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	81	13	obtained	obtain	VERB
ajst-27743	81	14	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	81	15	recalculation	recalculation	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	16	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-27743	81	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	81	18	effects	effect	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	19	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	81	20	radiation	radiation	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	81	22	auger	auger	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	23	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	24	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	81	25	taken	take	VERB
ajst-27743	81	26	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	81	27	account	account	NOUN
ajst-27743	81	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	82	2	following	follow	VERB
ajst-27743	82	3	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	82	4	how	how	SCONJ
ajst-27743	82	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	6	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	82	7	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	8	operate	operate	VERB
ajst-27743	82	9	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	10	first	first	ADJ
ajst-27743	82	11	light	light	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	12	generates	generate	VERB
ajst-27743	82	13	electron	electron	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	14	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	15	hole	hole	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	16	pairs	pair	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	18	then	then	ADV
ajst-27743	82	19	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	21	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	22	junctions	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	23	separate	separate	ADJ
ajst-27743	82	24	electrons	electron	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	82	26	holes	hole	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	82	29	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	82	30	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	82	31	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	32	outputs	output	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	33	voltage	voltage	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	82	35	thereby	thereby	ADV
ajst-27743	82	36	supplying	supply	VERB
ajst-27743	82	37	power	power	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	38	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	82	39	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	82	40	external	external	ADJ
ajst-27743	82	41	circuit	circuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	42	load	load	NOUN
ajst-27743	82	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	83	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	83	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	83	4	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	5	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	6	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	83	7	divided	divide	VERB
ajst-27743	83	8	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	83	9	three	three	NUM
ajst-27743	83	10	different	different	ADJ
ajst-27743	83	11	types	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	83	13	thermodynamic	thermodynamic	ADJ
ajst-27743	83	14	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	83	16	conductive	conductive	ADJ
ajst-27743	83	17	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	83	19	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	20	separation	separation	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	83	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	84	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	84	2	total	total	ADJ
ajst-27743	84	3	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	84	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	84	5	calculated	calculate	VERB
ajst-27743	84	6	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	84	7	adding	add	VERB
ajst-27743	84	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	84	9	individual	individual	ADJ
ajst-27743	84	10	efficiencies	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	84	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	2	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	85	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	5	incident	incident	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	6	power	power	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	7	converted	convert	VERB
ajst-27743	85	8	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	85	9	electricity	electricity	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	10	determines	determine	VERB
ajst-27743	85	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	85	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	15	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	85	16	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	18	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	85	19	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	85	20	defined	define	VERB
ajst-27743	85	21	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	85	22	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	23	𝜂	𝜂	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	24	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	25	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	85	26	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	27	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	85	28	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	85	29	context	context	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	31	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	32	term	term	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	33	voc	voc	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	34	refers	refer	VERB
ajst-27743	85	35	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	85	36	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	37	open	open	ADJ
ajst-27743	85	38	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	39	circuit	circuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	40	voltage	voltage	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	42	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	85	43	isc	isc	PROPN
ajst-27743	85	44	represents	represent	VERB
ajst-27743	85	45	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	46	short	short	ADJ
ajst-27743	85	47	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	48	circuit	circuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	49	current	current	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	50	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	51	ff	ff	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	52	denotes	denote	VERB
ajst-27743	85	53	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	54	fill	fill	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	55	factor	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	56	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	57	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	85	58	finally	finally	ADV
ajst-27743	85	59	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	85	60	η	η	PROPN
ajst-27743	85	61	signifies	signify	VERB
ajst-27743	85	62	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	85	63	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	85	64	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	86	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	86	2	4	4	NUM
ajst-27743	86	3	shows	show	VERB
ajst-27743	86	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	86	5	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	86	6	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	86	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	86	8	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	86	9	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	86	10	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	86	11	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	86	12	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	86	13	different	different	ADJ
ajst-27743	86	14	steps	step	NOUN
ajst-27743	86	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	87	1	figure	figure	VERB
ajst-27743	87	2	4	4	NUM
ajst-27743	87	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	87	4	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	5	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	87	7	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	8	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	87	9	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	10	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	87	11	different	different	ADJ
ajst-27743	87	12	steps.[5	steps.[5	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	13	]	]	X
ajst-27743	87	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	87	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	87	17	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	87	19	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	87	20	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	87	21	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	22	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	87	23	contingent	contingent	ADJ
ajst-27743	87	24	upon	upon	SCONJ
ajst-27743	87	25	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	87	26	multitude	multitude	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	27	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	87	28	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	87	30	including	include	VERB
ajst-27743	87	31	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	87	32	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	33	utilized	utilize	VERB
ajst-27743	87	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	87	35	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	87	36	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	37	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	38	employed	employ	VERB
ajst-27743	87	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	87	40	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	87	41	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	87	42	structural	structural	ADJ
ajst-27743	87	43	configuration	configuration	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	44	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	87	45	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	87	46	device	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	87	47	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	88	1	these	these	DET
ajst-27743	88	2	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	3	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	88	4	give	give	VERB
ajst-27743	88	5	rise	rise	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	6	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	88	7	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	88	8	number	number	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	88	10	potential	potential	ADJ
ajst-27743	88	11	losses	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	88	13	including	include	VERB
ajst-27743	88	14	optical	optical	ADJ
ajst-27743	88	15	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	88	17	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	18	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	88	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	88	21	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	22	resistance	resistance	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	23	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	88	25	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	88	26	collectively	collectively	ADV
ajst-27743	88	27	serve	serve	VERB
ajst-27743	88	28	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	88	29	diminish	diminish	VERB
ajst-27743	88	30	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	88	31	overall	overall	ADJ
ajst-27743	88	32	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	33	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	88	34	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	88	35	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	88	36	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	88	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	89	1	generally	generally	ADV
ajst-27743	89	2	speaking	speak	VERB
ajst-27743	89	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	89	4	these	these	DET
ajst-27743	89	5	losses	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	89	6	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	89	7	divided	divide	VERB
ajst-27743	89	8	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	89	9	two	two	NUM
ajst-27743	89	10	categories	category	NOUN
ajst-27743	89	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	89	12	one	one	NUM
ajst-27743	89	13	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	89	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	89	15	electrical	electrical	ADJ
ajst-27743	89	16	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	89	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	89	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	89	19	other	other	ADJ
ajst-27743	89	20	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	89	21	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	89	22	optical	optical	ADJ
ajst-27743	89	23	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	89	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	1	3.2.3	3.2.3	X
ajst-27743	90	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	3	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	90	4	way	way	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	5	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	90	6	increase	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	90	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	90	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	90	10	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	90	11	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	12	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	90	13	order	order	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	14	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	90	15	boost	boost	VERB
ajst-27743	90	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	90	17	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	90	19	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	21	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	90	22	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	90	23	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	25	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	90	26	multitude	multitude	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	27	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	90	28	measures	measure	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	29	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	90	30	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	90	31	implemented	implement	VERB
ajst-27743	90	32	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	90	33	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	90	34	past	past	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	35	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	90	36	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
ajst-27743	90	37	losses	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	38	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	90	39	optimising	optimise	VERB
ajst-27743	90	40	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	41	processes	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	43	utilising	utilise	VERB
ajst-27743	90	44	superior	superior	ADJ
ajst-27743	90	45	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	46	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	47	raw	raw	ADJ
ajst-27743	90	48	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	49	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	90	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	90	51	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajst-27743	90	52	equipment	equipment	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	53	design	design	NOUN
ajst-27743	90	54	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	1	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	91	2	present	present	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	4	there	there	PRON
ajst-27743	91	5	are	be	VERB
ajst-27743	91	6	several	several	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	7	ways	way	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	8	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	91	9	control	control	VERB
ajst-27743	91	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	11	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	91	13	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	14	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	15	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	16	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	17	1	1	X
ajst-27743	91	18	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	19	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	20	use	use	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	91	22	superior	superior	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	23	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	24	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	26	such	such	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	27	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	91	28	ntype	ntype	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	29	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	30	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	91	31	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	32	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	33	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	34	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	36	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	91	37	employed	employ	VERB
ajst-27743	91	38	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	39	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	40	2	2	X
ajst-27743	91	41	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	42	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	91	43	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	44	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	45	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	91	46	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	47	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	91	48	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	49	front	front	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	91	51	rear	rear	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	52	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	53	areas	area	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	54	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	91	55	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	91	56	passivation	passivation	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	57	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	58	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	59	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	91	60	example	example	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	61	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	91	62	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajst-27743	91	63	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	64	passivation	passivation	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	65	film	film	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	66	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	67	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	68	3	3	X
ajst-27743	91	69	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	70	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajst-27743	91	71	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	72	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	73	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	74	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	91	75	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	76	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	77	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	78	n	n	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	79	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	80	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	91	81	order	order	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	82	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	91	83	obtain	obtain	VERB
ajst-27743	91	84	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	91	85	improved	improved	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	86	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	87	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	88	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	91	89	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
ajst-27743	91	90	increasing	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	91	91	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	92	separation	separation	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	93	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	91	94	effective	effective	ADJ
ajst-27743	91	95	electrons	electron	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	96	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	91	97	holes	hole	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	98	within	within	ADP
ajst-27743	91	99	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	100	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	101	region	region	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	102	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	103	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	104	4	4	X
ajst-27743	91	105	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	91	106	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	91	107	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	108	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	109	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	91	110	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	91	111	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	112	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	113	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	114	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	91	115	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	91	116	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	91	117	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	92	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	92	2	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	92	3	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	92	4	shown	show	VERB
ajst-27743	92	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	92	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	92	7	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
ajst-27743	92	8	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	92	10	siliconbased	siliconbase	VERB
ajst-27743	92	11	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	92	12	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	13	depends	depend	VERB
ajst-27743	92	14	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	92	15	three	three	NUM
ajst-27743	92	16	key	key	ADJ
ajst-27743	92	17	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	18	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	92	19	short	short	ADJ
ajst-27743	92	20	circuit	circuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	21	current	current	ADJ
ajst-27743	92	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	92	23	fill	fill	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	24	factor	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	92	26	open	open	ADJ
ajst-27743	92	27	circuit	circuit	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	28	voltage	voltage	NOUN
ajst-27743	92	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	93	1	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	93	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	3	294	294	NUM
ajst-27743	93	4	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	93	5	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	93	6	reached	reach	VERB
ajst-27743	93	7	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	93	8	increasing	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	93	9	voc	voc	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	93	11	ff	ff	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	93	13	isc	isc	PROPN
ajst-27743	93	14	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	93	15	further	far	ADV
ajst-27743	93	16	improve	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	93	17	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	18	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	93	20	light	light	ADJ
ajst-27743	93	21	trapping	trapping	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	93	23	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	93	25	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	26	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	93	28	front	front	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	93	30	back	back	ADJ
ajst-27743	93	31	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	32	passivation	passivation	NOUN
ajst-27743	93	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	94	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	94	2	5	5	NUM
ajst-27743	94	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
ajst-27743	94	4	potential	potential	ADJ
ajst-27743	94	5	avenues	avenue	NOUN
ajst-27743	94	6	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	94	7	boosting	boost	VERB
ajst-27743	94	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	94	9	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	94	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	94	11	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	94	12	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	94	13	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	94	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	95	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-27743	95	2	5	5	NUM
ajst-27743	95	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	96	1	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	96	2	strategy	strategy	NOUN
ajst-27743	96	3	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	96	4	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	96	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	96	6	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	96	7	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	96	8	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	96	9	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	96	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	97	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	97	2	5	5	NUM
ajst-27743	97	3	]	]	SYM
ajst-27743	97	4	3.3	3.3	NUM
ajst-27743	97	5	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	98	1	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	98	2	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	3	crystalline	crystalline	PROPN
ajst-27743	98	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	6	wafers	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	7	account	account	VERB
ajst-27743	98	8	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	98	9	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	98	10	large	large	ADJ
ajst-27743	98	11	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	98	13	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	98	14	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	98	16	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	17	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	18	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	98	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	98	21	even	even	ADV
ajst-27743	98	22	if	if	SCONJ
ajst-27743	98	23	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	98	24	price	price	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	25	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	98	26	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	98	27	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	28	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	98	29	declined	decline	VERB
ajst-27743	98	30	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	98	31	recent	recent	ADJ
ajst-27743	98	32	years	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	98	34	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	98	35	part	part	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	36	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	98	37	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	98	38	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	98	39	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	98	40	not	not	PART
ajst-27743	98	41	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	98	42	ignored	ignore	VERB
ajst-27743	98	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	99	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	99	2	order	order	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	3	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	99	4	save	save	VERB
ajst-27743	99	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	99	6	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	99	8	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	9	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	10	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	11	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	99	12	pursuing	pursue	VERB
ajst-27743	99	13	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	99	14	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-27743	99	15	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	16	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	17	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	99	19	we	we	PRON
ajst-27743	99	20	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	99	21	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-27743	99	22	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	99	23	goal	goal	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	24	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	99	25	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	99	26	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	27	growth	growth	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	99	29	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	30	purity	purity	NOUN
ajst-27743	99	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	100	1	3.3.1	3.3.1	X
ajst-27743	100	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	100	3	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	4	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	100	7	general	general	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	8	method	method	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	100	10	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	11	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	100	12	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	13	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	14	ingot	ingot	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	15	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	100	16	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	100	17	carry	carry	VERB
ajst-27743	100	18	out	out	ADP
ajst-27743	100	19	carbothermal	carbothermal	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	20	reduction	reduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	100	22	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	23	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	100	24	purity	purity	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	25	raw	raw	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	26	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	27	sio2	sio2	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	28	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	100	29	about	about	ADV
ajst-27743	100	30	1700	1700	NUM
ajst-27743	100	31	℃	℃	PROPN
ajst-27743	100	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	100	33	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-27743	100	34	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	100	35	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	100	36	accompanied	accompany	VERB
ajst-27743	100	37	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	100	38	serious	serious	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	39	adverse	adverse	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	40	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	41	side	side	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	42	effects	effect	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	100	44	such	such	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	45	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	100	46	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	47	release	release	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	100	49	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	100	50	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	51	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	52	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	100	53	heat	heat	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	54	release	release	NOUN
ajst-27743	100	55	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	101	1	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	101	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	101	3	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-27743	101	4	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	101	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	101	6	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	101	7	not	not	PART
ajst-27743	101	8	pure	pure	ADJ
ajst-27743	101	9	enough	enough	ADV
ajst-27743	101	10	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	101	11	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	101	12	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	101	13	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	101	14	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	101	15	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	101	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	102	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	102	2	good	good	PROPN
ajst-27743	102	3	news	news	PROPN
ajst-27743	102	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	102	5	however	however	ADV
ajst-27743	102	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	102	7	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	102	8	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	102	9	chen	chen	PROPN
ajst-27743	102	10	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	102	11	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	102	12	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	103	1	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	103	2	nhoira	nhoira	PROPN
ajst-27743	103	3	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	103	4	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	103	5	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	103	6	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	103	7	reported	report	VERB
ajst-27743	103	8	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	103	9	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	103	10	method	method	NOUN
ajst-27743	103	11	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	103	12	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	103	13	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	103	14	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	103	15	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	103	16	produce	produce	VERB
ajst-27743	103	17	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	103	18	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	103	19	quickly	quickly	ADV
ajst-27743	103	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	103	21	completely	completely	ADV
ajst-27743	103	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	103	23	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	103	24	using	use	VERB
ajst-27743	103	25	less	less	ADJ
ajst-27743	103	26	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	103	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	104	1	silica	silica	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	2	powder	powder	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	3	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	104	4	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	104	5	mixture	mixture	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	104	7	other	other	ADJ
ajst-27743	104	8	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	9	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	10	powder	powder	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	11	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	104	12	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	104	13	transformed	transform	VERB
ajst-27743	104	14	into	into	ADP
ajst-27743	104	15	porous	porous	ADJ
ajst-27743	104	16	particles	particle	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	104	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	104	19	pure	pure	ADJ
ajst-27743	104	20	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	21	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	104	22	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	104	23	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	24	alloy	alloy	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	25	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	104	26	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	104	27	same	same	ADJ
ajst-27743	104	28	properties	property	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	29	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	104	30	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	104	31	produced	produce	VERB
ajst-27743	104	32	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	104	33	electric	electric	ADJ
ajst-27743	104	34	reduction	reduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	35	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	104	36	molten	molten	ADJ
ajst-27743	104	37	cacl₂	cacl₂	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	38	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	104	39	900	900	NUM
ajst-27743	104	40	°	°	NUM
ajst-27743	104	41	c.[5	c.[5	NOUN
ajst-27743	104	42	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	1	3.3.2	3.3.2	NUM
ajst-27743	105	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	3	upgraded	upgrade	VERB
ajst-27743	105	4	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	6	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	105	7	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	8	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	105	9	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	105	10	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	11	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	105	12	chemical	chemical	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	13	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	14	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ajst-27743	105	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	105	17	modified	modify	VERB
ajst-27743	105	18	siemens	siemen	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	19	method	method	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	20	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	22	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	105	23	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	24	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	105	25	sog	sog	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	26	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	27	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	105	28	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	29	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	30	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	31	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	32	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	33	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	105	34	conducted	conduct	VERB
ajst-27743	105	35	via	via	ADP
ajst-27743	105	36	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	105	37	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	38	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	39	route	route	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	41	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-27743	105	42	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	105	43	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	105	44	generation	generation	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	45	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	105	46	upgraded	upgrade	VERB
ajst-27743	105	47	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	48	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	49	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	50	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	51	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	52	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	53	si).[5	si).[5	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	54	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	55	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	105	56	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	105	57	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	105	58	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	59	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	105	60	sog	sog	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	61	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	62	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	63	requires	require	VERB
ajst-27743	105	64	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	65	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	66	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	67	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	68	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	69	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	70	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	105	71	generated	generate	VERB
ajst-27743	105	72	exhaust	exhaust	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	73	pollution	pollution	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	74	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	105	75	umgsi	umgsi	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	76	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	77	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	105	78	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	105	79	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	105	80	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	106	1	because	because	SCONJ
ajst-27743	106	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	106	3	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	4	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	5	has	have	VERB
ajst-27743	106	6	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	106	7	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	8	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	106	10	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	106	11	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	12	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	106	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	106	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	106	16	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	17	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	106	18	needs	need	VERB
ajst-27743	106	19	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	106	20	temperature	temperature	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	106	22	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	106	23	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	24	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	106	25	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	106	26	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	27	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	106	29	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	106	30	temperature	temperature	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	31	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	106	32	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	106	33	avoided	avoid	VERB
ajst-27743	106	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	1	however	however	ADV
ajst-27743	107	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	3	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	107	4	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	107	5	sog	sog	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	6	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	7	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	9	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	107	10	impurity	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	11	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	12	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	107	13	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	14	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	15	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	107	16	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	107	17	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	107	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	19	about	about	ADV
ajst-27743	107	20	ppm	ppm	ADJ
ajst-27743	107	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	107	23	contains	contain	VERB
ajst-27743	107	24	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	25	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	26	such	such	ADJ
ajst-27743	107	27	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	107	28	b	b	PROPN
ajst-27743	107	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	107	30	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	107	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	107	32	p.	p.	NOUN
ajst-27743	107	33	3.3.2.1	3.3.2.1	NUM
ajst-27743	107	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	108	1	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	108	3	upgraded	upgrade	VERB
ajst-27743	108	4	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	108	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	6	umg	umg	PROPN
ajst-27743	108	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	108	8	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	9	contains	contain	VERB
ajst-27743	108	10	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	108	11	concentrations	concentration	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	108	13	aluminium	aluminium	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	108	15	boron	boron	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	108	17	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	18	than	than	ADP
ajst-27743	108	19	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ajst-27743	108	20	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	108	21	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	22	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	23	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	24	wafers	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	108	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	109	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-27743	109	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	109	3	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	4	impurity	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	5	content	content	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	109	7	umgsi	umgsi	PROPN
ajst-27743	109	8	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	109	9	marginally	marginally	ADV
ajst-27743	109	10	greater	great	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	11	than	than	ADP
ajst-27743	109	12	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	109	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	109	14	polycrystalline	polycrystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	15	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	16	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	109	17	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	109	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	109	19	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	20	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	109	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	109	22	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	109	23	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	109	24	still	still	ADV
ajst-27743	109	25	within	within	ADP
ajst-27743	109	26	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	109	27	electric	electric	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	28	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	29	range	range	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	30	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	109	31	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	32	wafers.[15	wafers.[15	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	33	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	109	34	upgraded	upgrade	VERB
ajst-27743	109	35	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	36	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	37	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	38	has	have	VERB
ajst-27743	109	39	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	109	40	30	30	NUM
ajst-27743	109	41	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	42	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	109	43	70	70	NUM
ajst-27743	109	44	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	45	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	46	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	47	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	109	48	substitutional	substitutional	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	49	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	109	51	interstice	interstice	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	52	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	53	than	than	ADP
ajst-27743	109	54	common	common	ADJ
ajst-27743	109	55	polysilicon	polysilicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	56	chips	chip	NOUN
ajst-27743	109	57	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	110	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	110	2	content	content	NOUN
ajst-27743	110	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	110	4	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	110	5	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	110	6	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	110	7	mainly	mainly	ADV
ajst-27743	110	8	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
ajst-27743	110	9	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	110	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	110	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	110	12	two	two	NUM
ajst-27743	110	13	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	110	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	110	15	same	same	ADJ
ajst-27743	110	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	111	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajst-27743	111	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	111	3	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	111	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	111	5	final	final	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	6	battery	battery	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	7	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	111	9	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	111	10	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	111	11	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	12	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	13	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	111	14	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	15	concentrations	concentration	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	16	may	may	AUX
ajst-27743	111	17	increase	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	111	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	111	19	activity	activity	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	111	21	defect	defect	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	22	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	23	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	111	24	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	25	wafers	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	26	due	due	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	27	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	111	28	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	29	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	111	31	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	111	32	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	111	33	adverse	adverse	ADJ
ajst-27743	111	34	effects	effect	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	35	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	111	36	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	111	38	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	39	concentrations	concentration	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	40	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	111	41	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	42	content	content	NOUN
ajst-27743	111	43	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	111	44	almost	almost	ADV
ajst-27743	111	45	zero	zero	NUM
ajst-27743	111	46	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	1	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	112	2	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	112	3	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	4	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	112	5	relatively	relatively	ADV
ajst-27743	112	6	effective	effective	ADJ
ajst-27743	112	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	112	8	removing	remove	VERB
ajst-27743	112	9	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	10	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	11	like	like	ADP
ajst-27743	112	12	iron	iron	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	112	14	copper	copper	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	112	17	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	112	18	segregation	segregation	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	19	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	112	21	b	b	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	112	23	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	24	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	25	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	26	b	b	X
ajst-27743	112	27	segregation	segregation	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	28	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	29	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	30	0.8	0.8	NUM
ajst-27743	112	31	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	112	32	0.9	0.9	NUM
ajst-27743	112	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	34	p	p	PRON
ajst-27743	112	35	segregation	segregation	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	36	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	37	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	38	0.36	0.36	NUM
ajst-27743	112	39	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	112	40	make	make	VERB
ajst-27743	112	41	their	their	PRON
ajst-27743	112	42	removal	removal	NOUN
ajst-27743	112	43	challenging	challenge	VERB
ajst-27743	112	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	113	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajst-27743	113	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	113	3	umg	umg	PROPN
ajst-27743	113	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	113	5	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
ajst-27743	113	6	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	113	7	diminished	diminished	ADJ
ajst-27743	113	8	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	113	9	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
ajst-27743	113	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	113	11	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	113	12	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	113	13	consistently	consistently	ADV
ajst-27743	113	14	offset	offset	VERB
ajst-27743	113	15	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	113	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	113	17	elevated	elevated	ADJ
ajst-27743	113	18	residual	residual	ADJ
ajst-27743	113	19	density	density	NOUN
ajst-27743	113	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	113	21	dopant	dopant	ADJ
ajst-27743	113	22	atoms	atom	NOUN
ajst-27743	113	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajst-27743	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	3	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	114	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	114	5	challenging	challenge	VERB
ajst-27743	114	6	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	114	7	either	either	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	8	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
ajst-27743	114	9	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	10	resolve	resolve	VERB
ajst-27743	114	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	114	12	issue	issue	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	14	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	114	15	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	16	mobility	mobility	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	18	pronounced	pronounce	VERB
ajst-27743	114	19	photodegradation	photodegradation	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	21	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	23	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	24	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	25	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	26	even	even	ADV
ajst-27743	114	27	n	n	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	28	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	29	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	30	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	31	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	114	32	b	b	PROPN
ajst-27743	114	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	34	o	o	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	35	complexes.[16	complexes.[16	PROPN
ajst-27743	114	36	]	]	X
ajst-27743	114	37	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	114	38	life	life	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	39	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	40	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	114	41	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	114	42	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	43	determines	determine	VERB
ajst-27743	114	44	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	114	45	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	46	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	47	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	114	48	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	49	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	50	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	51	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	114	52	effective	effective	ADJ
ajst-27743	114	53	life	life	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	54	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	55	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	114	56	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	114	57	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	58	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	114	59	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	60	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	61	wafers	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	62	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	114	63	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	114	64	one	one	NUM
ajst-27743	114	65	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	66	third	third	NOUN
ajst-27743	114	67	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	114	68	less	less	ADJ
ajst-27743	114	69	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	70	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	114	71	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	114	72	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	114	73	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	114	74	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	114	75	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	114	76	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	115	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	115	2	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	115	3	way	way	NOUN
ajst-27743	115	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	115	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	115	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	115	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	115	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	115	9	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	115	10	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	115	11	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	115	12	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	115	13	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	115	14	due	due	ADP
ajst-27743	115	15	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	115	16	their	their	PRON
ajst-27743	115	17	poor	poor	ADJ
ajst-27743	115	18	electrical	electrical	ADJ
ajst-27743	115	19	performance.[17	performance.[17	NOUN
ajst-27743	115	20	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	115	21	3.3.2.2	3.3.2.2	NUM
ajst-27743	115	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	116	1	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	116	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	116	3	upgraded	upgrade	VERB
ajst-27743	116	4	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	116	5	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	116	6	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	116	7	umg	umg	PROPN
ajst-27743	116	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	116	9	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	116	10	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	116	11	developed	develop	VERB
ajst-27743	116	12	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
ajst-27743	116	13	over	over	ADP
ajst-27743	116	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	116	15	past	past	ADJ
ajst-27743	116	16	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	116	17	years	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	116	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	116	19	helping	help	VERB
ajst-27743	116	20	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	116	21	increase	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	116	22	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	116	23	pce	pce	PROPN
ajst-27743	116	24	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	116	25	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	116	26	umg	umg	PROPN
ajst-27743	116	27	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	116	28	si	si	ADJ
ajst-27743	116	29	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	116	30	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	116	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	117	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	117	2	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	117	3	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	117	4	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	117	5	alone	alone	ADV
ajst-27743	117	6	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	117	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	117	8	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	9	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	117	11	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	117	12	be	be	AUX
ajst-27743	117	13	mixed	mix	VERB
ajst-27743	117	14	295	295	NUM
ajst-27743	117	15	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	117	16	electronic	electronic	ADJ
ajst-27743	117	17	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	18	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	19	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	20	so	so	SCONJ
ajst-27743	117	21	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	117	22	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	117	23	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	24	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	117	25	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	117	26	concerned	concern	VERB
ajst-27743	117	27	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	117	28	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ajst-27743	117	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	1	as	as	ADV
ajst-27743	118	2	early	early	ADV
ajst-27743	118	3	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	118	4	2010	2010	NUM
ajst-27743	118	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	118	7	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	118	9	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	11	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	12	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	13	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	118	14	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	15	was	be	AUX
ajst-27743	118	16	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	118	17	notable	notable	ADJ
ajst-27743	118	18	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	20	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	118	21	polycrystalline	polycrystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	118	22	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	23	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	24	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	25	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	118	26	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	27	reaching	reach	VERB
ajst-27743	118	28	17	17	NUM
ajst-27743	118	29	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	30	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	118	32	single	single	ADJ
ajst-27743	118	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	34	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	35	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	36	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	118	37	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	118	38	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	118	39	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	40	achieving	achieve	VERB
ajst-27743	118	41	17.6	17.6	NUM
ajst-27743	118	42	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	43	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	118	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	119	1	following	follow	VERB
ajst-27743	119	2	years	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	119	4	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	119	6	zheng	zheng	PROPN
ajst-27743	119	7	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	119	8	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	119	9	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	119	10	achieved	achieve	VERB
ajst-27743	119	11	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	119	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	119	14	20.96	20.96	NUM
ajst-27743	119	15	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	16	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	119	17	100	100	NUM
ajst-27743	119	18	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	19	ntype	ntype	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	20	cz	cz	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	21	umg	umg	PROPN
ajst-27743	119	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	119	23	si	si	X
ajst-27743	119	24	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	119	25	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	119	26	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	119	27	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-27743	119	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	120	1	they	they	PRON
ajst-27743	120	2	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
ajst-27743	120	3	enhanced	enhance	VERB
ajst-27743	120	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	120	5	battery	battery	NOUN
ajst-27743	120	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	120	7	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	120	8	21.1	21.1	NUM
ajst-27743	120	9	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	120	10	around	around	ADP
ajst-27743	120	11	2018.[5	2018.[5	NUM
ajst-27743	120	12	]	]	X
ajst-27743	120	13	3.4	3.4	NUM
ajst-27743	120	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	121	1	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	121	2	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	3	multicrystalline	multicrystalline	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	5	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-27743	121	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	121	7	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	121	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	121	9	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	121	10	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	121	11	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	12	occupy	occupy	VERB
ajst-27743	121	13	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	121	14	part	part	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	121	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	121	17	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	18	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	121	19	shorter	short	ADJ
ajst-27743	121	20	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	21	growth	growth	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	22	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	121	24	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	121	25	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	121	27	its	its	PRON
ajst-27743	121	28	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	121	30	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	31	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	121	32	adversely	adversely	ADV
ajst-27743	121	33	impact	impact	VERB
ajst-27743	121	34	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	121	35	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	36	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	121	37	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	121	38	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	121	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	1	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	122	2	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	122	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	122	4	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	122	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	6	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	122	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	122	9	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	122	11	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	122	12	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	122	13	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	14	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	122	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	16	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	122	17	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	18	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	122	19	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	122	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	21	si	si	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	22	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	122	23	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	122	24	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-27743	122	25	improved	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	122	26	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	122	27	fine	fine	ADJ
ajst-27743	122	28	crystallisation	crystallisation	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	29	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	122	30	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	31	clusters	cluster	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	122	33	reduction	reduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	34	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	122	35	density	density	NOUN
ajst-27743	122	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	123	1	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	123	2	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	123	3	result	result	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	123	5	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	123	6	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	123	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	123	8	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	123	9	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	123	10	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-27743	123	11	superior	superior	ADJ
ajst-27743	123	12	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	13	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	123	15	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	16	output	output	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	17	power	power	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	18	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	123	19	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	123	20	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	123	21	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	123	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	24	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-27743	123	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	124	1	3.4.1	3.4.1	X
ajst-27743	124	2	.	.	X
ajst-27743	124	3	study	study	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	4	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	124	5	properties	property	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	124	7	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	124	8	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	9	polysilicon	polysilicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	10	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	11	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	12	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	13	contain	contain	VERB
ajst-27743	124	14	dislocations	dislocation	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	124	16	grain	grain	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	17	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	124	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	124	20	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	21	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	124	22	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	124	23	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	24	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	124	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	124	27	these	these	DET
ajst-27743	124	28	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	29	have	have	VERB
ajst-27743	124	30	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	124	31	probability	probability	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	32	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	124	33	cause	cause	VERB
ajst-27743	124	34	additional	additional	ADJ
ajst-27743	124	35	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	36	states	state	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	37	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	124	38	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	124	39	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	40	gap	gap	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	41	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	124	42	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	124	43	sph	sph	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	44	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	45	centers.[5	centers.[5	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	46	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	124	47	if	if	SCONJ
ajst-27743	124	48	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	124	49	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	50	recombines	recombine	VERB
ajst-27743	124	51	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	124	52	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	124	53	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	54	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	124	55	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	124	56	may	may	AUX
ajst-27743	124	57	shorten	shorten	VERB
ajst-27743	124	58	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	124	59	life	life	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	60	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	124	61	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	124	62	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	124	63	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	64	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	124	65	lead	lead	VERB
ajst-27743	124	66	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	124	67	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	124	68	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	69	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	124	70	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	124	71	degrade	degrade	VERB
ajst-27743	124	72	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	125	1	since	since	SCONJ
ajst-27743	125	2	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	3	can	can	AUX
ajst-27743	125	4	easily	easily	ADV
ajst-27743	125	5	accumulate	accumulate	VERB
ajst-27743	125	6	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	125	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	125	8	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	125	10	grain	grain	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	11	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	125	13	impurity	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	14	modification	modification	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	15	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	16	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
ajst-27743	125	17	increased	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	125	18	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	19	activity	activity	NOUN
ajst-27743	125	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	126	1	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	126	2	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	126	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	126	4	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	126	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	126	6	si	si	ADJ
ajst-27743	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	126	8	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	126	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	126	10	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	11	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	126	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	126	13	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	126	14	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	126	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-27743	126	16	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	126	17	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	18	cluster	cluster	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	19	density	density	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	126	21	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	126	22	random	random	ADJ
ajst-27743	126	23	angle	angle	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	24	grain	grain	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	25	boundary	boundary	ADJ
ajst-27743	126	26	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	126	27	activity.[5	activity.[5	ADP
ajst-27743	126	28	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	127	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	127	2	minority	minority	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	3	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	4	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	127	6	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	7	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	127	9	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	10	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	127	11	both	both	ADV
ajst-27743	127	12	longer	long	ADJ
ajst-27743	127	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	127	14	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	127	15	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ
ajst-27743	127	16	than	than	ADP
ajst-27743	127	17	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	127	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	127	19	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	127	21	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	22	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	23	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	127	24	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	25	mcsi	mcsi	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	127	27	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	127	28	short	short	ADJ
ajst-27743	127	29	life	life	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	30	region	region	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	31	caused	cause	VERB
ajst-27743	127	32	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	127	33	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	34	clusters	cluster	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	35	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	127	36	markedly	markedly	ADV
ajst-27743	127	37	diminished	diminish	VERB
ajst-27743	127	38	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	127	39	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	40	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	127	41	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	127	42	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	43	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	127	44	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	127	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	127	46	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	127	47	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	127	48	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	49	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	50	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	127	51	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	127	52	wafer	wafer	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	53	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
ajst-27743	127	54	minimal	minimal	ADJ
ajst-27743	127	55	fluctuation	fluctuation	NOUN
ajst-27743	127	56	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	128	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	128	2	formation	formation	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	128	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	128	5	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	6	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	128	7	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	128	8	step	step	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	9	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	128	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	128	11	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	128	13	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	128	14	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	15	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	16	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	128	17	absorb	absorb	VERB
ajst-27743	128	18	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	128	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	129	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	129	2	order	order	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	3	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	129	4	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
ajst-27743	129	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	129	6	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
ajst-27743	129	7	effects	effect	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	129	9	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	10	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	11	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	129	12	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	13	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	14	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	129	16	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	17	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	18	quenching	quenching	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	19	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	129	20	typically	typically	ADV
ajst-27743	129	21	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	129	22	preferred	preferred	ADJ
ajst-27743	129	23	approach	approach	NOUN
ajst-27743	129	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	130	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	130	2	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ajst-27743	130	3	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	130	4	removing	remove	VERB
ajst-27743	130	5	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	130	6	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	130	7	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	130	8	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	130	9	site	site	NOUN
ajst-27743	130	10	results	result	VERB
ajst-27743	130	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	130	12	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	130	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-27743	130	14	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	130	15	operational	operational	ADJ
ajst-27743	130	16	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
ajst-27743	130	17	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	130	18	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	130	19	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	130	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	130	21	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	130	22	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	130	23	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	130	24	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	130	25	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	130	26	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	130	27	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	130	28	after	after	ADP
ajst-27743	130	29	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ajst-27743	130	30	removal.[18	removal.[18	PROPN
ajst-27743	130	31	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	131	1	3.4.2	3.4.2	X
ajst-27743	131	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	131	3	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	131	4	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	5	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	131	6	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	131	7	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	131	8	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	9	polysilicon	polysilicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	10	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	131	12	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	131	14	crystallisation	crystallisation	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	15	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	16	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	131	17	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
ajst-27743	131	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	131	19	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	131	21	material	material	ADJ
ajst-27743	131	22	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	131	24	thereby	thereby	ADV
ajst-27743	131	25	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
ajst-27743	131	26	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	131	27	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	131	29	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	30	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	131	31	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	131	32	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	131	33	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	131	34	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	131	35	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	131	37	making	make	VERB
ajst-27743	131	38	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	131	39	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	131	40	primary	primary	ADJ
ajst-27743	131	41	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	42	used	use	VERB
ajst-27743	131	43	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	131	44	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	45	photovoltaics	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	131	46	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	132	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	132	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	132	3	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ajst-27743	132	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	132	5	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	132	6	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	132	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	132	8	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	132	9	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	132	10	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	132	11	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	132	12	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	132	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	132	14	narrower	narrow	ADJ
ajst-27743	132	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	133	2	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	133	3	recent	recent	ADJ
ajst-27743	133	4	announcement	announcement	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	6	trina	trina	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	7	solar	solar	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	8	revealed	reveal	VERB
ajst-27743	133	9	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	133	10	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-27743	133	11	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	12	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	14	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	133	15	21.25	21.25	NUM
ajst-27743	133	16	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	17	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	133	18	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	133	19	p	p	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	21	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	22	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	23	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	24	-	-	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	25	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	27	additionally	additionally	ADV
ajst-27743	133	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	29	schindler	schindler	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	30	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	31	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	32	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	33	reported	report	VERB
ajst-27743	133	34	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	133	35	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-27743	133	36	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	133	37	topcon	topcon	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	38	battery	battery	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	39	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	133	40	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	133	41	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	42	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	133	43	21.9	21.9	NUM
ajst-27743	133	44	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	45	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	133	46	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	133	47	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	133	48	n	n	CCONJ
ajst-27743	133	49	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	50	type	type	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	51	hp	hp	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	52	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	53	-	-	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	54	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	55	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	133	56	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	133	57	2018	2018	NUM
ajst-27743	133	58	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	133	59	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	133	60	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	61	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	133	62	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	133	63	boron	boron	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	64	diffusion	diffusion	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	65	front	front	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	66	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	67	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	133	68	full	full	ADJ
ajst-27743	133	69	area	area	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	70	passivation	passivation	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	71	contacts	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	72	resulted	result	VERB
ajst-27743	133	73	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	133	74	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	133	75	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	76	value	value	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	77	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	133	78	22.6%.[8	22.6%.[8	NOUN
ajst-27743	133	79	]	]	X
ajst-27743	134	1	4	4	X
ajst-27743	134	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	135	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	135	2	future	future	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	135	4	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	5	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	135	6	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	7	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	135	9	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	10	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	135	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	12	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	13	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	14	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	135	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	135	17	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	135	19	upgraded	upgrade	VERB
ajst-27743	135	20	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	21	grade	grade	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	22	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	135	24	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	25	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	135	26	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	27	polysilicon	polysilicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	28	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	135	29	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-27743	135	30	satisfactory	satisfactory	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	31	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	32	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	33	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	34	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	135	35	recent	recent	ADJ
ajst-27743	135	36	years	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	135	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	136	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
ajst-27743	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	136	3	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	4	financial	financial	ADJ
ajst-27743	136	5	outlay	outlay	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	6	required	require	VERB
ajst-27743	136	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	136	8	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	9	procurement	procurement	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	136	11	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	12	requisite	requisite	ADJ
ajst-27743	136	13	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	14	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	136	16	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	17	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	18	associated	associate	VERB
ajst-27743	136	19	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	136	20	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	21	requisite	requisite	ADJ
ajst-27743	136	22	preparation	preparation	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	23	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	136	25	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	26	complexity	complexity	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	27	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	136	28	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	29	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	30	process	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	31	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	136	32	all	all	PRON
ajst-27743	136	33	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	136	34	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	136	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	136	36	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	136	37	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	136	38	highly	highly	ADV
ajst-27743	136	39	conducive	conducive	ADJ
ajst-27743	136	40	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	136	41	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	136	42	commercialisation	commercialisation	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	43	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	136	44	these	these	DET
ajst-27743	136	45	products	product	NOUN
ajst-27743	136	46	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	137	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
ajst-27743	137	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	137	3	there	there	PRON
ajst-27743	137	4	is	be	VERB
ajst-27743	137	5	considerable	considerable	ADJ
ajst-27743	137	6	scope	scope	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	137	8	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	9	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	137	10	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	137	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	12	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	137	14	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	137	15	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	16	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-27743	137	17	from	from	ADP
ajst-27743	137	18	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	19	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	137	21	including	include	VERB
ajst-27743	137	22	impurities	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	137	24	displacement	displacement	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	137	26	grain	grain	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	27	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ajst-27743	137	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	138	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-27743	138	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	138	3	anticipated	anticipate	VERB
ajst-27743	138	4	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	138	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	138	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	138	7	near	near	ADJ
ajst-27743	138	8	future	future	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	138	10	scientists	scientist	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	11	will	will	AUX
ajst-27743	138	12	either	either	CCONJ
ajst-27743	138	13	overcome	overcome	VERB
ajst-27743	138	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	138	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	16	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	17	caused	cause	VERB
ajst-27743	138	18	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	138	19	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	20	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-27743	138	21	discover	discover	VERB
ajst-27743	138	22	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	138	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	138	24	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	138	25	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-27743	138	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	138	27	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	138	28	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	138	29	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	30	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	31	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	138	32	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	138	33	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	138	34	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	138	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	139	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	139	2	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	139	4	these	these	DET
ajst-27743	139	5	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	6	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	139	7	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	139	8	steadily	steadily	ADV
ajst-27743	139	9	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	139	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	139	11	thanks	thank	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	12	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	139	13	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
ajst-27743	139	14	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	139	16	development	development	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	17	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	139	18	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	19	science	science	NOUN
ajst-27743	139	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	1	innovations	innovation	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	2	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	140	3	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	140	4	area	area	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	6	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	140	7	instance	instance	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	8	passiveemitter	passiveemitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	10	rear	rear	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	11	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	12	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	13	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	14	perc	perc	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	15	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	16	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	140	18	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	140	19	played	play	VERB
ajst-27743	140	20	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	140	21	key	key	ADJ
ajst-27743	140	22	role	role	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	23	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	140	24	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	140	25	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	140	26	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	27	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	28	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	140	29	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	30	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	140	31	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	140	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	141	1	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	141	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	141	3	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	4	matures	mature	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	141	6	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	141	7	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	8	per	per	ADP
ajst-27743	141	9	watt	watt	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	141	11	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	141	12	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	13	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	14	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-27743	141	15	continues	continue	VERB
ajst-27743	141	16	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	141	17	decline	decline	VERB
ajst-27743	141	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	142	1	economies	economy	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	142	3	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	142	5	along	along	ADP
ajst-27743	142	6	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	142	7	improvements	improvement	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	142	9	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	10	processes	process	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	142	12	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	142	13	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-27743	142	14	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	142	15	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	142	16	price	price	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	17	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	142	18	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	142	19	modules	module	NOUN
ajst-27743	142	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	143	1	this	this	DET
ajst-27743	143	2	trend	trend	NOUN
ajst-27743	143	3	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	143	4	likely	likely	ADJ
ajst-27743	143	5	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	143	6	continue	continue	VERB
ajst-27743	143	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	143	8	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	143	9	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	143	10	result	result	NOUN
ajst-27743	143	11	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	143	12	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	143	13	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	143	14	will	will	AUX
ajst-27743	143	15	become	become	VERB
ajst-27743	143	16	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	143	17	competitive	competitive	ADJ
ajst-27743	143	18	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	143	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-27743	143	20	power	power	NOUN
ajst-27743	143	21	generation	generation	NOUN
ajst-27743	143	22	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	143	23	on	on	ADP
ajst-27743	143	24	fossil	fossil	ADJ
ajst-27743	143	25	fuels	fuel	NOUN
ajst-27743	143	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	144	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	144	2	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	144	3	impact	impact	NOUN
ajst-27743	144	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	144	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	144	6	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	144	7	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	144	8	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	144	9	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	144	10	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	144	11	another	another	DET
ajst-27743	144	12	area	area	NOUN
ajst-27743	144	13	where	where	SCONJ
ajst-27743	144	14	progress	progress	NOUN
ajst-27743	144	15	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	144	16	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	144	17	made	make	VERB
ajst-27743	144	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	145	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	145	2	lifecycle	lifecycle	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	145	5	these	these	DET
ajst-27743	145	6	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	7	indicates	indicate	VERB
ajst-27743	145	8	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	145	9	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	145	10	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	11	footprint	footprint	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	12	compared	compare	VERB
ajst-27743	145	13	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	145	14	other	other	ADJ
ajst-27743	145	15	forms	form	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	145	17	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	18	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	145	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	146	1	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	146	2	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	146	3	contribution	contribution	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	4	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	146	5	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	146	6	effort	effort	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	7	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	146	8	lower	lower	VERB
ajst-27743	146	9	greenhouse	greenhouse	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	10	gas	gas	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	11	emissions	emission	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	146	13	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
ajst-27743	146	14	climate	climate	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	15	change	change	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	146	17	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	146	18	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	19	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	146	20	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	146	21	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	22	will	will	AUX
ajst-27743	146	23	continue	continue	VERB
ajst-27743	146	24	to	to	PART
ajst-27743	146	25	improve	improve	VERB
ajst-27743	146	26	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	146	27	improved	improved	ADJ
ajst-27743	146	28	recycling	recycling	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	29	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	30	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	146	31	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	32	modules	module	NOUN
ajst-27743	146	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	147	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	147	2	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	147	3	past	past	ADJ
ajst-27743	147	4	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	147	5	decades	decade	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	147	7	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	147	8	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	9	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	147	10	undergone	undergo	VERB
ajst-27743	147	11	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-27743	147	12	advancements	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	13	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	147	14	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	147	15	production	production	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	16	chain	chain	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	147	18	establishing	establish	VERB
ajst-27743	147	19	itself	itself	PRON
ajst-27743	147	20	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	147	21	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	147	22	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	23	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	147	24	effective	effective	ADJ
ajst-27743	147	25	power	power	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	26	source	source	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	27	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	147	28	immense	immense	ADJ
ajst-27743	147	29	potential	potential	NOUN
ajst-27743	147	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	1	there	there	PRON
ajst-27743	148	2	are	be	VERB
ajst-27743	148	3	compelling	compelling	ADJ
ajst-27743	148	4	indications	indication	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	5	that	that	SCONJ
ajst-27743	148	6	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	148	7	2040	2040	NUM
ajst-27743	148	8	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	148	9	2050	2050	NUM
ajst-27743	148	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	11	carbon	carbon	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	13	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	14	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	15	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	16	could	could	AUX
ajst-27743	148	17	emerge	emerge	VERB
ajst-27743	148	18	as	as	ADP
ajst-27743	148	19	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	148	20	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ajst-27743	148	21	source	source	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	148	23	electricity	electricity	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	24	globally.[20	globally.[20	PROPN
ajst-27743	148	25	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	26	5	5	NUM
ajst-27743	148	27	.	.	X
ajst-27743	148	28	summary	summary	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	29	over	over	ADP
ajst-27743	148	30	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	148	31	past	past	ADJ
ajst-27743	148	32	few	few	ADJ
ajst-27743	148	33	decades	decade	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	35	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	148	36	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	148	37	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	38	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	39	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	40	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	148	41	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	42	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	148	43	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
ajst-27743	148	44	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	148	45	remarkable	remarkable	ADJ
ajst-27743	148	46	growth	growth	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	47	rate	rate	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	48	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	148	49	approximately	approximately	ADV
ajst-27743	148	50	50	50	NUM
ajst-27743	148	51	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	52	per	per	ADP
ajst-27743	148	53	year	year	NOUN
ajst-27743	148	54	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	149	1	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	2	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	149	3	consistently	consistently	ADV
ajst-27743	149	4	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	149	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	149	6	predominant	predominant	ADJ
ajst-27743	149	7	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	149	9	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	149	10	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	11	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	149	13	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	149	14	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	149	15	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	149	16	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	17	market	market	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	18	share	share	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	19	reaching	reach	VERB
ajst-27743	149	20	90	90	NUM
ajst-27743	149	21	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	149	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	150	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	150	2	response	response	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	3	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	150	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	150	5	growing	grow	VERB
ajst-27743	150	6	demand	demand	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	150	8	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	9	photoelectric	photoelectric	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	10	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	150	13	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	14	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	15	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	16	have	have	AUX
ajst-27743	150	17	been	be	AUX
ajst-27743	150	18	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
ajst-27743	150	19	developed	develop	VERB
ajst-27743	150	20	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	150	21	improvements	improvement	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	150	23	material	material	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	24	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	150	26	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	150	27	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	28	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	150	29	novel	novel	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	30	device	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	31	structures	structure	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	150	33	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	34	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	150	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	150	37	reduced	reduced	ADJ
ajst-27743	150	38	costs	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	150	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	151	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	151	2	ultimate	ultimate	ADJ
ajst-27743	151	3	conversion	conversion	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	4	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	5	is	be	AUX
ajst-27743	151	6	contingent	contingent	ADJ
ajst-27743	151	7	upon	upon	SCONJ
ajst-27743	151	8	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	151	9	multitude	multitude	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	151	11	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	151	13	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	151	14	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	151	15	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
ajst-27743	151	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	151	17	which	which	PRON
ajst-27743	151	18	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	151	19	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	20	within	within	ADP
ajst-27743	151	21	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	151	22	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	23	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	151	25	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	26	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	151	27	light	light	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	151	29	separation	separation	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	30	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	151	31	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	32	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	151	33	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	151	34	junction	junction	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	151	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	151	37	transport	transport	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	38	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	151	39	carriers	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	40	between	between	ADP
ajst-27743	151	41	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	151	42	semiconductor	semiconductor	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	151	44	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	151	45	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	46	electrode	electrode	NOUN
ajst-27743	151	47	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	1	through	through	ADP
ajst-27743	152	2	changes	change	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	3	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	152	4	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	152	5	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	6	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	8	low	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	152	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	10	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	11	umg	umg	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	12	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	152	14	high	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	152	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	16	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	17	mc	mc	PROPN
ajst-27743	152	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	19	si	si	PROPN
ajst-27743	152	20	exhibit	exhibit	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	21	material	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	22	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	24	that	that	PRON
ajst-27743	152	25	include	include	VERB
ajst-27743	152	26	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	152	27	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-27743	152	28	minority	minority	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	29	carrier	carrier	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	30	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	32	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	152	33	more	more	ADV
ajst-27743	152	34	uniform	uniform	ADJ
ajst-27743	152	35	defect	defect	ADJ
ajst-27743	152	36	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	152	38	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	152	39	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	152	40	lower	low	ADJ
ajst-27743	152	41	impurity	impurity	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	42	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ajst-27743	152	43	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	153	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	153	2	296	296	NUM
ajst-27743	153	3	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
ajst-27743	153	4	electrical	electrical	ADJ
ajst-27743	153	5	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	6	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	153	7	resulted	result	VERB
ajst-27743	153	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	153	9	an	an	DET
ajst-27743	153	10	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	153	12	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	153	13	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	14	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	153	15	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	153	16	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	153	18	with	with	ADP
ajst-27743	153	19	only	only	ADV
ajst-27743	153	20	54	54	NUM
ajst-27743	153	21	emerging	emerge	VERB
ajst-27743	153	22	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	23	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	24	undergoing	undergo	VERB
ajst-27743	153	25	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	153	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	154	1	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	154	2	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	154	4	new	new	ADJ
ajst-27743	154	5	device	device	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	6	structures	structure	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	154	8	including	include	VERB
ajst-27743	154	9	perc	perc	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	154	11	ibc	ibc	PROPN
ajst-27743	154	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	154	13	shj	shj	PROPN
ajst-27743	154	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	154	15	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	154	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
ajst-27743	154	17	reduced	reduce	VERB
ajst-27743	154	18	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	19	loss	loss	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	154	21	emitter	emitter	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	22	recombination	recombination	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	154	24	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-27743	154	25	increasing	increase	VERB
ajst-27743	154	26	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	154	27	probability	probability	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	28	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	154	29	photon	photon	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	30	collection	collection	NOUN
ajst-27743	154	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	155	1	this	this	PRON
ajst-27743	155	2	has	have	AUX
ajst-27743	155	3	resulted	result	VERB
ajst-27743	155	4	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	155	5	a	a	DET
ajst-27743	155	6	notable	notable	ADJ
ajst-27743	155	7	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
ajst-27743	155	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	155	9	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-27743	155	10	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	155	11	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ajst-27743	155	12	to	to	ADP
ajst-27743	155	13	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ajst-27743	155	14	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-27743	155	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	156	1	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	156	2	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	156	3	modules	module	NOUN
ajst-27743	156	4	are	be	AUX
ajst-27743	156	5	still	still	ADV
ajst-27743	156	6	too	too	ADV
ajst-27743	156	7	expensive	expensive	ADJ
ajst-27743	156	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	156	9	inefficient	inefficient	ADJ
ajst-27743	156	10	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	156	11	large	large	ADJ
ajst-27743	156	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	156	13	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-27743	156	14	global	global	ADJ
ajst-27743	156	15	deployment	deployment	NOUN
ajst-27743	156	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	157	1	however	however	ADV
ajst-27743	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	157	3	they	they	PRON
ajst-27743	157	4	remain	remain	VERB
ajst-27743	157	5	the	the	DET
ajst-27743	157	6	most	most	ADV
ajst-27743	157	7	promising	promising	ADJ
ajst-27743	157	8	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	157	9	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-27743	157	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	1	references	reference	NOUN
ajst-27743	158	2	[	[	X
ajst-27743	158	3	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	158	4	]	]	X
ajst-27743	158	5	dubey	dubey	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	6	s	s	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	8	jadhav	jadhav	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	9	n	n	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	10	y	y	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	12	zakirova	zakirova	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	13	b.	b.	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	14	socio	socio	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	16	economic	economic	ADJ
ajst-27743	158	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	158	18	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-27743	158	19	impacts	impact	NOUN
ajst-27743	158	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	158	21	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	158	22	based	base	VERB
ajst-27743	158	23	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	158	24	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	25	pv	pv	NOUN
ajst-27743	158	26	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	27	technologies[j	technologies[j	PROPN
ajst-27743	158	28	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	159	1	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	159	2	procedia	procedia	PROPN
ajst-27743	159	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	159	4	2013	2013	NUM
ajst-27743	159	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	159	6	33	33	NUM
ajst-27743	159	7	:	:	SYM
ajst-27743	159	8	322	322	NUM
ajst-27743	159	9	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	159	10	334	334	NUM
ajst-27743	159	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	160	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	160	2	2	2	NUM
ajst-27743	160	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	160	4	müller	müller	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	5	a	a	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	160	7	ghosh	ghosh	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	8	m	m	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	160	10	sonnenschein	sonnenschein	ADJ
ajst-27743	160	11	r	r	NOUN
ajst-27743	160	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	160	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	15	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	16	silicon	silicon	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	17	for	for	ADP
ajst-27743	160	18	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	PROPN
ajst-27743	160	19	applications[j	applications[j	NOUN
ajst-27743	160	20	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	160	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	161	1	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	161	2	science	science	NOUN
ajst-27743	161	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	161	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-27743	161	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	161	6	b	b	NUM
ajst-27743	161	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	161	8	2006	2006	NUM
ajst-27743	161	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	161	10	134(2	134(2	NUM
ajst-27743	161	11	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	161	12	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	161	13	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-27743	161	14	257	257	NUM
ajst-27743	161	15	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	161	16	262	262	NUM
ajst-27743	161	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	162	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	162	2	3	3	X
ajst-27743	162	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	162	4	wu	wu	PROPN
ajst-27743	162	5	h	h	PROPN
ajst-27743	162	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	162	7	ye	ye	PRON
ajst-27743	162	8	f	f	PROPN
ajst-27743	162	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	162	10	yang	yang	PROPN
ajst-27743	162	11	m	m	PROPN
ajst-27743	162	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	162	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	163	1	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	163	2	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	163	3	silicon	silicon	PROPN
ajst-27743	163	4	heterojunction	heterojunction	PROPN
ajst-27743	163	5	back	back	ADV
ajst-27743	163	6	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-27743	163	7	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	163	8	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	163	9	by	by	ADP
ajst-27743	163	10	laser	laser	NOUN
ajst-27743	163	11	patterning[j	patterning[j	NOUN
ajst-27743	163	12	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	163	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	164	1	nature	nature	NOUN
ajst-27743	164	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	164	3	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-27743	164	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	164	5	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	164	6	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	164	7	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	164	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	165	2	4	4	X
ajst-27743	165	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	4	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	165	5	shockley	shockley	PROPN
ajst-27743	165	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	7	h.	h.	PROPN
ajst-27743	165	8	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	165	9	queisser	queisser	PROPN
ajst-27743	165	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	11	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-27743	165	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	165	13	applied	applied	ADJ
ajst-27743	165	14	physics	physic	NOUN
ajst-27743	165	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	16	32	32	NUM
ajst-27743	165	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	18	510	510	NUM
ajst-27743	165	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	165	20	1961	1961	NUM
ajst-27743	165	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	166	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	166	2	5	5	NUM
ajst-27743	166	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	166	4	kurinec	kurinec	PROPN
ajst-27743	166	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	166	6	santosh	santosh	PROPN
ajst-27743	166	7	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	166	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	166	9	ed	ed	NOUN
ajst-27743	166	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	167	1	emerging	emerge	VERB
ajst-27743	167	2	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	167	3	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	167	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	167	5	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	167	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	167	7	beyond	beyond	ADP
ajst-27743	167	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	168	1	john	john	PROPN
ajst-27743	168	2	wiley	wiley	PROPN
ajst-27743	168	3	&	&	CCONJ
ajst-27743	168	4	sons	son	NOUN
ajst-27743	168	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	168	6	2018	2018	NUM
ajst-27743	168	7	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	169	2	6	6	NUM
ajst-27743	169	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	4	a.	a.	NOUN
ajst-27743	169	5	richter	richter	PROPN
ajst-27743	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	7	m.	m.	NOUN
ajst-27743	169	8	hermle	hermle	PROPN
ajst-27743	169	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	10	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-27743	169	11	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	169	12	glunz	glunz	PROPN
ajst-27743	169	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	14	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-27743	169	15	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-27743	169	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	169	17	photovoltaics	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	169	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	19	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	169	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	21	1184	1184	NUM
ajst-27743	169	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	169	23	2013	2013	NUM
ajst-27743	169	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	170	2	7	7	X
ajst-27743	170	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	4	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	5	yoshikawa	yoshikawa	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	7	h.	h.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	8	kawasaki	kawasaki	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	10	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	11	yoshida	yoshida	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	13	t.	t.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	14	irie	irie	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	16	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	17	konishi	konishi	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	19	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	20	nakano	nakano	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	22	t.	t.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	23	uto	uto	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	25	d.	d.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	26	adachi	adachi	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	28	m.	m.	NOUN
ajst-27743	170	29	kanematsu	kanematsu	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	31	h.	h.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	32	uzu	uzu	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	34	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	35	yamamoto	yamamoto	PROPN
ajst-27743	170	36	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	37	2	2	NUM
ajst-27743	170	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	39	17032	17032	NUM
ajst-27743	170	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	170	41	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-27743	170	42	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	171	2	8	8	NUM
ajst-27743	171	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	171	4	f.	f.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	5	schindler	schindler	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	7	b.	b.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	8	michl	michl	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	10	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	11	krenckel	krenckel	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	13	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	14	riepe	riepe	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	16	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	17	benick	benick	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	19	r.	r.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	20	müller	müller	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	22	a.	a.	NOUN
ajst-27743	171	23	richter	richter	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	25	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	26	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	27	glunz	glunz	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	29	m.	m.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	30	c.	c.	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	31	schubert	schubert	PROPN
ajst-27743	171	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	33	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	171	34	procedia	procedia	NOUN
ajst-27743	171	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	36	124	124	NUM
ajst-27743	171	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	38	777	777	NUM
ajst-27743	171	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	171	40	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-27743	171	41	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	172	2	9	9	NUM
ajst-27743	172	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	4	p.	p.	NOUN
ajst-27743	172	5	zheng	zheng	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	7	f.	f.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	8	e.	e.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	9	rougieux	rougieux	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	11	x.	x.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	12	zhang	zhang	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	14	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	15	degoulange	degoulange	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	17	r.	r.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	18	einhaus	einhaus	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	20	p.	p.	NOUN
ajst-27743	172	21	rivat	rivat	NOUN
ajst-27743	172	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	23	d.	d.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	24	h.	h.	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	25	macdonald	macdonald	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	27	ieee	ieee	PROPN
ajst-27743	172	28	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-27743	172	29	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	172	30	photovoltaics	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	172	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	32	p.	p.	NOUN
ajst-27743	172	33	1	1	NUM
ajst-27743	172	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	172	35	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-27743	172	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	173	2	10	10	NUM
ajst-27743	173	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	173	4	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	5	deng	deng	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	7	f.	f.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	8	ye	ye	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	10	r.	r.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	11	liu	liu	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	13	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	14	li	li	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	16	h.	h.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	17	chen	chen	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	19	z.	z.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	20	xiong	xiong	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	22	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	23	yang	yang	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	25	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	26	chen	chen	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	28	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	29	wang	wang	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	173	31	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	173	32	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	174	1	altermatt	altermatt	PROPN
ajst-27743	174	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	174	3	“	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	174	4	22.61	22.61	NUM
ajst-27743	174	5	%	%	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	6	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-27743	174	7	fully	fully	ADV
ajst-27743	174	8	screen	screen	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	9	printed	print	VERB
ajst-27743	174	10	perc	perc	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	11	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	174	12	cell	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	13	”	"	PUNCT
ajst-27743	174	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	174	15	presented	present	VERB
ajst-27743	174	16	at	at	ADP
ajst-27743	174	17	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	18	photovoltaic	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	19	specialists	specialist	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	20	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-27743	174	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	174	22	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-27743	174	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	175	2	11	11	NUM
ajst-27743	175	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	175	4	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	5	deng	deng	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	7	f.	f.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	8	ye	ye	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	10	z.	z.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	11	xiong	xiong	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	13	d.	d.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	14	chen	chen	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	16	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	17	guo	guo	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	19	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	20	chen	chen	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	22	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	23	yang	yang	PROPN
ajst-27743	175	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	175	25	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	176	1	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	176	2	altermatt	altermatt	PROPN
ajst-27743	176	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	177	1	z.	z.	PROPN
ajst-27743	177	2	feng	feng	PROPN
ajst-27743	177	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	177	4	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	177	5	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	177	6	verlinden	verlinden	PROPN
ajst-27743	177	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	177	8	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	177	9	procedia	procedia	NOUN
ajst-27743	177	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	177	11	92	92	NUM
ajst-27743	177	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	177	13	721	721	NUM
ajst-27743	177	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	177	15	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-27743	177	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	178	2	12	12	NUM
ajst-27743	178	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	4	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	178	5	shirasawa	shirasawa	PROPN
ajst-27743	178	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	7	progress	progress	NOUN
ajst-27743	178	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	178	9	photovoltaics	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	178	10	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	11	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	178	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	178	13	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-27743	178	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	15	10	10	NUM
ajst-27743	178	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	17	107	107	NUM
ajst-27743	178	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	178	19	2002	2002	NUM
ajst-27743	178	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	179	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	179	2	13	13	NUM
ajst-27743	179	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	179	4	i.	i.	NOUN
ajst-27743	179	5	périchaud	périchaud	PROPN
ajst-27743	179	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	179	7	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	179	8	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	179	9	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	179	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	179	11	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	179	12	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	179	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	179	14	72	72	NUM
ajst-27743	179	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	179	16	315	315	NUM
ajst-27743	179	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	179	18	2002	2002	NUM
ajst-27743	179	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	180	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	180	2	14	14	NUM
ajst-27743	180	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	180	4	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	5	myers	myers	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	180	7	m.	m.	NOUN
ajst-27743	180	8	seibt	seibt	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	180	10	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	11	schröter	schröter	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	180	13	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	14	appl	appl	PROPN
ajst-27743	180	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	181	1	phys	phy	NOUN
ajst-27743	181	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	181	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	181	4	88	88	NUM
ajst-27743	181	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	181	6	3795	3795	NUM
ajst-27743	181	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	181	8	2000	2000	NUM
ajst-27743	181	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	182	2	15	15	NUM
ajst-27743	182	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	182	4	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	5	degoulange	degoulange	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	7	i.	i.	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	8	p	p	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	9	ichaud	ichaud	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	11	c.	c.	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	12	trassy	trassy	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	14	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	15	martinuzzi	martinuzzi	PROPN
ajst-27743	182	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	17	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	182	18	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-27743	182	19	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	182	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	182	21	solar	solar	ADJ
ajst-27743	182	22	cells	cell	NOUN
ajst-27743	182	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	24	92	92	NUM
ajst-27743	182	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	26	1269	1269	NUM
ajst-27743	182	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	182	28	2008	2008	NUM
ajst-27743	182	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	183	2	16	16	NUM
ajst-27743	183	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	183	4	d.	d.	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	5	shen	shen	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	7	c.	c.	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	8	sun	sun	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	10	p.	p.	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	11	zheng	zheng	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	13	d.	d.	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	14	macdonald	macdonald	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	16	f.	f.	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	17	rougieux	rougieux	PROPN
ajst-27743	183	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	19	japanese	japanese	ADJ
ajst-27743	183	20	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-27743	183	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	183	22	applied	applied	ADJ
ajst-27743	183	23	physics	physic	NOUN
ajst-27743	183	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	25	56	56	NUM
ajst-27743	183	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	27	08mb23	08mb23	NUM
ajst-27743	183	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	183	29	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-27743	183	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	184	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	184	2	17	17	NUM
ajst-27743	184	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	184	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ajst-27743	184	5	n.	n.	PROPN
ajst-27743	184	6	hall	hall	PROPN
ajst-27743	184	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	184	8	physical	physical	ADJ
ajst-27743	184	9	review	review	NOUN
ajst-27743	184	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	184	11	87	87	NUM
ajst-27743	184	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	184	13	387	387	NUM
ajst-27743	184	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	184	15	1952	1952	NUM
ajst-27743	184	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	185	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	185	2	18	18	NUM
ajst-27743	185	3	]	]	X
ajst-27743	185	4	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	5	myers	myers	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	185	7	m.	m.	NOUN
ajst-27743	185	8	seibt	seibt	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	185	10	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	11	schröter	schröter	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	185	13	j.	j.	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	14	appl	appl	PROPN
ajst-27743	185	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	186	1	phys	phy	NOUN
ajst-27743	186	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	186	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	186	4	88	88	NUM
ajst-27743	186	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	186	6	3795	3795	NUM
ajst-27743	186	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	186	8	2000	2000	NUM
ajst-27743	186	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	187	2	19	19	NUM
ajst-27743	187	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	4	m.	m.	NOUN
ajst-27743	187	5	a.	a.	NOUN
ajst-27743	187	6	green	green	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	8	k.	k.	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	9	emery	emery	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	11	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	12	hishikawa	hishikawa	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	14	w.	w.	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	15	warta	warta	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	17	e.	e.	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	18	d.	d.	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	19	dunlop	dunlop	PROPN
ajst-27743	187	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	21	progress	progress	NOUN
ajst-27743	187	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	187	23	photovoltaics	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	187	24	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	25	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	187	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	187	27	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-27743	187	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	29	24	24	NUM
ajst-27743	187	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	31	3	3	NUM
ajst-27743	187	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	187	33	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-27743	187	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	188	1	[	[	X
ajst-27743	188	2	20	20	NUM
ajst-27743	188	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	188	4	ballif	ballif	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	5	c	c	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	188	7	haug	haug	VERB
ajst-27743	188	8	f	f	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	9	j	j	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	188	11	boccard	boccard	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	12	m	m	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	188	14	et	et	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	15	al	al	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	16	.	.	PROPN
ajst-27743	188	17	status	status	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	188	19	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-27743	188	21	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ajst-27743	188	22	silicon	silicon	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	23	photovoltaics	photovoltaic	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	24	in	in	ADP
ajst-27743	188	25	research	research	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-27743	188	27	industry[j	industry[j	NOUN
ajst-27743	188	28	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-27743	188	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-27743	189	1	nature	nature	NOUN
ajst-27743	189	2	reviews	review	VERB
ajst-27743	189	3	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-27743	189	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	189	5	2022	2022	NUM
ajst-27743	189	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-27743	189	7	7(8	7(8	NUM
ajst-27743	189	8	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-27743	189	9	597	597	NUM
ajst-27743	189	10	-	-	SYM
ajst-27743	189	11	616	616	NUM
ajst-27743	189	12	.	.	PUNCT