id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ajst-30548	1	1	academic	academic	ADJ
ajst-30548	1	2	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	1	4	science	science	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	1	6	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	7	issn	issn	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	8	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	9	2771	2771	NUM
ajst-30548	1	10	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	1	11	3032	3032	NUM
ajst-30548	1	12	|	|	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	13	vol	vol	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	14	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	15	15	15	NUM
ajst-30548	1	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	17	no	no	INTJ
ajst-30548	1	18	.	.	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	19	1	1	NUM
ajst-30548	1	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	21	2025	2025	NUM
ajst-30548	1	22	198	198	NUM
ajst-30548	1	23	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	1	24	review	review	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	25	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	1	26	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	1	27	learning‐based	learning‐based	ADJ
ajst-30548	1	28	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	29	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	30	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	31	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	1	32	feiyu	feiyu	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	33	chen1	chen1	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	35	lei	lei	VERB
ajst-30548	1	36	fu1	fu1	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	38	*	*	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	40	yingqian	yingqian	ADJ
ajst-30548	1	41	zhang2	zhang2	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	43	jiaqi	jiaqi	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	44	li3	li3	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	46	qian	qian	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	47	zhang1	zhang1	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	1	49	shihao	shihao	PROPN
ajst-30548	1	50	bi1	bi1	PROPN
ajst-30548	2	1	1school	1school	NUM
ajst-30548	2	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	2	3	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
ajst-30548	2	4	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	2	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	1	sichuan	sichuan	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	2	university	university	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	3	4	science	science	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	3	6	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	8	china	china	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	9	2school	2school	NUM
ajst-30548	3	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	3	11	civil	civil	ADJ
ajst-30548	3	12	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	14	sichuan	sichuan	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	15	university	university	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	3	17	science	science	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	3	19	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	21	china	china	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	22	3school	3school	NUM
ajst-30548	3	23	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	3	24	information	information	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	25	science	science	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	27	beijing	beijing	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	28	forestry	forestry	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	29	university	university	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	31	china	china	PROPN
ajst-30548	3	32	*	*	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	33	corresponding	correspond	VERB
ajst-30548	3	34	author	author	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	35	abstract	abstract	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	36	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	37	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	3	38	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	3	39	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ajst-30548	3	40	development	development	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	41	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	3	42	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	3	43	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	44	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	45	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	46	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	3	47	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	48	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	3	49	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	50	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	51	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	52	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	3	53	made	make	VERB
ajst-30548	3	54	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	3	55	progress	progress	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	56	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	3	57	especially	especially	ADV
ajst-30548	3	58	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	3	59	automated	automate	VERB
ajst-30548	3	60	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	3	61	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	62	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	3	63	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	4	1	this	this	DET
ajst-30548	4	2	paper	paper	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	3	reviews	review	VERB
ajst-30548	4	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	4	5	current	current	ADJ
ajst-30548	4	6	state	state	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	4	8	research	research	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	9	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	4	10	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	11	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	12	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	13	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	4	15	focusing	focus	VERB
ajst-30548	4	16	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	4	17	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	4	18	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	4	20	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	4	21	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	4	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	5	1	we	we	PRON
ajst-30548	5	2	discuss	discuss	VERB
ajst-30548	5	3	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	5	4	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	5	5	modern	modern	ADJ
ajst-30548	5	6	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	5	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	5	8	including	include	VERB
ajst-30548	5	9	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	5	10	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	5	11	networks	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	5	12	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	5	13	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	5	14	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	5	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	5	16	yolo	yolo	PROPN
ajst-30548	5	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	5	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	5	19	other	other	ADJ
ajst-30548	5	20	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	5	21	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	5	22	frameworks	framework	NOUN
ajst-30548	5	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	6	1	we	we	PRON
ajst-30548	6	2	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	6	3	highlight	highlight	VERB
ajst-30548	6	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	6	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	6	faced	face	VERB
ajst-30548	6	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	6	8	this	this	DET
ajst-30548	6	9	field	field	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	6	11	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	6	12	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	6	13	data	data	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	14	dependency	dependency	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	6	16	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	6	17	target	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	18	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	6	20	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	6	21	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	6	22	scale	scale	ADJ
ajst-30548	6	23	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	6	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	6	26	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	6	27	need	need	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	28	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	6	29	model	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	30	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	6	32	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	6	33	deployment	deployment	NOUN
ajst-30548	6	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	7	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	7	2	review	review	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	3	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
ajst-30548	7	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	7	5	necessity	necessity	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	7	7	overcoming	overcome	VERB
ajst-30548	7	8	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	7	9	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	7	11	existing	exist	VERB
ajst-30548	7	12	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	7	14	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	7	15	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	7	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	7	18	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	7	20	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	7	21	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	7	22	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	7	23	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	7	24	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	7	26	reliable	reliable	ADJ
ajst-30548	7	27	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	28	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	29	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	7	30	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	7	31	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	7	32	settings	setting	NOUN
ajst-30548	7	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	8	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	2	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	8	3	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	8	4	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	5	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	6	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-30548	8	7	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	8	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	8	9	object	object	VERB
ajst-30548	8	10	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	11	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-30548	8	12	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	13	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	14	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	15	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	8	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	9	1	1	1	X
ajst-30548	9	2	.	.	X
ajst-30548	9	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	4	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	9	5	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	9	6	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ajst-30548	9	7	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	9	9	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	9	10	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	9	12	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	13	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	9	14	become	become	VERB
ajst-30548	9	15	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	9	16	critical	critical	ADJ
ajst-30548	9	17	structural	structural	ADJ
ajst-30548	9	18	material	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	19	extensively	extensively	ADV
ajst-30548	9	20	used	use	VERB
ajst-30548	9	21	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	9	22	construction	construction	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	9	24	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	9	26	energy	energy	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	9	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	9	29	machinery	machinery	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	30	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-30548	9	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	10	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	10	2	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	3	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	10	5	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	6	directly	directly	ADV
ajst-30548	10	7	influences	influence	VERB
ajst-30548	10	8	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	10	9	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	10	11	safety	safety	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	10	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	10	14	service	service	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	15	life	life	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	10	17	downstream	downstream	ADJ
ajst-30548	10	18	products	product	NOUN
ajst-30548	10	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	11	1	against	against	ADP
ajst-30548	11	2	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	11	3	backdrop	backdrop	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	11	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ajst-30548	11	6	industrialization	industrialization	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	11	8	china	china	PROPN
ajst-30548	11	9	’s	’s	PART
ajst-30548	11	10	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	11	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	12	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	11	13	grown	grow	VERB
ajst-30548	11	14	steadily	steadily	ADV
ajst-30548	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	11	16	maintaining	maintain	VERB
ajst-30548	11	17	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	11	18	world	world	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	19	’s	’s	PART
ajst-30548	11	20	leading	lead	VERB
ajst-30548	11	21	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	22	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ajst-30548	11	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	12	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	12	2	2021	2021	NUM
ajst-30548	12	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	12	4	china	china	PROPN
ajst-30548	12	5	’s	’s	PART
ajst-30548	12	6	crude	crude	PROPN
ajst-30548	12	7	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	12	8	output	output	NOUN
ajst-30548	12	9	reached	reach	VERB
ajst-30548	12	10	1.065	1.065	NUM
ajst-30548	12	11	 	 	SPACE
ajst-30548	12	12	billion	billion	NUM
ajst-30548	12	13	tonnes—56.7	tonnes—56.7	ADJ
ajst-30548	12	14	%	%	NOUN
ajst-30548	12	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	12	16	global	global	ADJ
ajst-30548	12	17	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	12	18	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	12	19	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	12	20	year‑on‑year	year‑on‑year	ADJ
ajst-30548	12	21	increase	increase	NOUN
ajst-30548	12	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	12	23	7	7	NUM
ajst-30548	12	24	%	%	NOUN
ajst-30548	12	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	13	1	as	as	SCONJ
ajst-30548	13	2	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	3	output	output	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	4	continues	continue	VERB
ajst-30548	13	5	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	13	6	rise	rise	VERB
ajst-30548	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	13	8	various	various	ADJ
ajst-30548	13	9	application	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	10	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	11	demand	demand	VERB
ajst-30548	13	12	ever	ever	ADV
ajst-30548	13	13	more	more	ADV
ajst-30548	13	14	stringent	stringent	ADJ
ajst-30548	13	15	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	16	control	control	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	13	18	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajst-30548	13	19	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	13	20	regard	regard	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	21	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	13	22	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	23	integrity	integrity	NOUN
ajst-30548	13	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	1	however	however	ADV
ajst-30548	14	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	3	during	during	ADP
ajst-30548	14	4	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	6	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	14	9	transportation	transportation	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	11	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	12	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	13	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	14	14	susceptible	susceptible	ADJ
ajst-30548	14	15	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	14	16	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	14	17	variety	variety	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	14	19	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	20	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	21	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	14	22	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	14	23	scratches	scratch	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	25	indentations	indentation	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	27	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	28	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	30	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	14	31	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	32	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	33	due	due	ADP
ajst-30548	14	34	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	14	35	equipment	equipment	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	36	wear	wear	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	38	process	process	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	39	instability	instability	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	14	41	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	14	42	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-30548	14	43	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-30548	14	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	15	1	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	15	2	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	3	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	4	not	not	PART
ajst-30548	15	5	only	only	ADV
ajst-30548	15	6	degrade	degrade	VERB
ajst-30548	15	7	appearance	appearance	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	15	9	functional	functional	ADJ
ajst-30548	15	10	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	11	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	15	12	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	15	13	pose	pose	VERB
ajst-30548	15	14	potential	potential	ADJ
ajst-30548	15	15	structural	structural	ADJ
ajst-30548	15	16	safety	safety	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	17	hazards	hazard	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	15	19	leading	lead	VERB
ajst-30548	15	20	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	15	21	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	15	22	economic	economic	ADJ
ajst-30548	15	23	losses	loss	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	15	25	safety	safety	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	26	incidents	incident	NOUN
ajst-30548	15	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	16	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ajst-30548	16	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	16	3	developing	develop	VERB
ajst-30548	16	4	highly	highly	ADV
ajst-30548	16	5	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-30548	16	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	16	7	accurate	accurate	ADJ
ajst-30548	16	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	16	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	16	10	automated	automate	VERB
ajst-30548	16	11	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	12	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	16	13	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	14	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	15	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	16	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	17	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	16	18	become	become	VERB
ajst-30548	16	19	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	16	20	urgent	urgent	ADJ
ajst-30548	16	21	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	16	23	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	16	24	realm	realm	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	25	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	16	26	smart	smart	ADJ
ajst-30548	16	27	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-30548	16	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	17	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	17	2	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	3	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	17	4	detecting	detect	VERB
ajst-30548	17	5	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	7	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	8	primarily	primarily	ADV
ajst-30548	17	9	include	include	VERB
ajst-30548	17	10	manual	manual	ADJ
ajst-30548	17	11	visual	visual	ADJ
ajst-30548	17	12	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	17	14	classic	classic	ADJ
ajst-30548	17	15	machine‑vision	machine‑vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	16	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	17	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	17	18	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	17	19	hand‑crafted	hand‑crafte	VERB
ajst-30548	17	20	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	21	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	17	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	18	1	manual	manual	ADJ
ajst-30548	18	2	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	3	relies	rely	VERB
ajst-30548	18	4	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	18	5	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	18	6	experience	experience	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	18	8	operators	operator	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	18	10	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-30548	18	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	18	12	low	low	ADJ
ajst-30548	18	13	throughput	throughput	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	18	15	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
ajst-30548	18	16	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	18	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	18	19	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	20	meeting	meet	VERB
ajst-30548	18	21	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	18	22	real‑time	real‑time	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	23	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	24	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	18	25	high‑speed	high‑speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	26	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	27	lines	line	NOUN
ajst-30548	18	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	19	1	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ajst-30548	19	2	image‑processing	image‑processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	3	approaches	approach	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	4	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	19	5	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	19	6	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	19	7	degree	degree	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	19	9	automation	automation	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	10	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	19	11	typically	typically	ADV
ajst-30548	19	12	lack	lack	VERB
ajst-30548	19	13	robustness	robustness	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	14	against	against	ADP
ajst-30548	19	15	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	19	16	texture	texture	ADJ
ajst-30548	19	17	backgrounds	background	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	19	19	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ajst-30548	19	20	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	21	morphologies	morphology	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	19	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	19	24	variable	variable	ADJ
ajst-30548	19	25	lighting	lighting	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	26	conditions	condition	NOUN
ajst-30548	19	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	20	1	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	20	2	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	20	3	require	require	VERB
ajst-30548	20	4	bespoke	bespoke	ADJ
ajst-30548	20	5	feature‑extraction	feature‑extraction	NUM
ajst-30548	20	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	20	7	classification	classification	NOUN
ajst-30548	20	8	rules	rule	NOUN
ajst-30548	20	9	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	20	10	each	each	DET
ajst-30548	20	11	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	20	12	type	type	NOUN
ajst-30548	20	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	20	14	limiting	limit	VERB
ajst-30548	20	15	both	both	CCONJ
ajst-30548	20	16	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	20	17	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
ajst-30548	20	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	20	19	scalability	scalability	NOUN
ajst-30548	20	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	21	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	21	2	recent	recent	ADJ
ajst-30548	21	3	years	year	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	21	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ajst-30548	21	6	advances	advance	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	21	8	artificial	artificial	ADJ
ajst-30548	21	9	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	10	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	21	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajst-30548	21	12	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	21	13	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ajst-30548	21	14	application	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	21	16	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	21	17	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	18	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	21	19	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	20	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	21	22	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	23	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	24	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	21	25	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	21	26	opened	open	VERB
ajst-30548	21	27	new	new	ADJ
ajst-30548	21	28	avenues	avenue	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	29	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	21	30	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	31	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	32	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	33	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	21	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	22	1	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	22	2	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	3	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	4	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	22	5	learn	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	22	6	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
ajst-30548	22	7	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	8	representations	representation	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	9	directly	directly	ADV
ajst-30548	22	10	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	22	11	raw	raw	ADJ
ajst-30548	22	12	images	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	13	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	22	14	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	22	15	end‑to‑end	end‑to‑end	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	16	manner	manner	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	22	18	offering	offer	VERB
ajst-30548	22	19	superior	superior	ADJ
ajst-30548	22	20	feature‑extraction	feature‑extraction	NUM
ajst-30548	22	21	capabilities	capability	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	22	23	greater	great	ADJ
ajst-30548	22	24	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	22	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	23	1	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	23	2	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	23	3	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-30548	23	4	high‑precision	high‑precision	NOUN
ajst-30548	23	5	identification	identification	NOUN
ajst-30548	23	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	23	7	multiple	multiple	ADJ
ajst-30548	23	8	defect	defect	ADJ
ajst-30548	23	9	types	type	NOUN
ajst-30548	23	10	even	even	ADV
ajst-30548	23	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	23	12	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	23	13	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	23	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	24	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajst-30548	24	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	24	3	designing	design	VERB
ajst-30548	24	4	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	24	5	developing	develop	VERB
ajst-30548	24	6	deep‑learning‑based	deep‑learning‑based	ADJ
ajst-30548	24	7	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	8	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	24	9	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	10	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	11	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	12	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	13	not	not	PART
ajst-30548	24	14	only	only	ADV
ajst-30548	24	15	promises	promise	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	16	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	24	17	overcome	overcome	VERB
ajst-30548	24	18	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	24	19	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	20	bottlenecks	bottleneck	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	24	22	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	24	23	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	24	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	24	25	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	24	26	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	24	27	provide	provide	VERB
ajst-30548	24	28	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
ajst-30548	24	29	support	support	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	30	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	24	31	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	32	control	control	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	33	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	24	34	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	24	35	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	24	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	25	1	2	2	X
ajst-30548	25	2	.	.	NUM
ajst-30548	25	3	types	type	NOUN
ajst-30548	25	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	25	5	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	25	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	25	7	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	25	8	2.1	2.1	NUM
ajst-30548	25	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	1	common	common	ADJ
ajst-30548	26	2	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	3	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	4	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	5	during	during	ADP
ajst-30548	26	6	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	7	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	8	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	9	spanning	span	VERB
ajst-30548	26	10	smelting	smelting	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	12	rolling	rolling	ADJ
ajst-30548	26	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	14	cooling	cooling	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	16	handling	handling	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	26	19	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
ajst-30548	26	20	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	21	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	22	various	various	ADJ
ajst-30548	26	23	physical	physical	ADJ
ajst-30548	26	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	25	chemical	chemical	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	26	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	26	28	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
ajst-30548	26	29	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	30	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	26	31	induce	induce	VERB
ajst-30548	26	32	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	26	33	range	range	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	34	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	26	35	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	36	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	26	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	27	1	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	27	2	imperfections	imperfection	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	3	not	not	PART
ajst-30548	27	4	only	only	ADV
ajst-30548	27	5	compromise	compromise	VERB
ajst-30548	27	6	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	27	7	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	8	integrity	integrity	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	9	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	27	10	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	27	11	adversely	adversely	ADV
ajst-30548	27	12	affect	affect	VERB
ajst-30548	27	13	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
ajst-30548	27	14	properties	property	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	27	16	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	17	resistance	resistance	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	27	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	27	20	downstream	downstream	ADJ
ajst-30548	27	21	manufacturability	manufacturability	NOUN
ajst-30548	27	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	28	1	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	28	2	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	28	3	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	28	4	origin	origin	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	28	6	morphology	morphology	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	28	8	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	28	9	most	most	ADV
ajst-30548	28	10	frequently	frequently	ADV
ajst-30548	28	11	encountered	encounter	VERB
ajst-30548	28	12	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	13	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	14	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	15	include	include	VERB
ajst-30548	28	16	scratches	scratch	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	28	18	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	28	20	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	21	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	28	23	pitting	pitting	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	28	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	28	26	delamination	delamination	NOUN
ajst-30548	28	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	29	1	2.1.1	2.1.1	X
ajst-30548	29	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	29	3	scratch	scratch	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	4	scratches	scratch	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	5	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	29	6	among	among	ADP
ajst-30548	29	7	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	29	8	most	most	ADV
ajst-30548	29	9	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
ajst-30548	29	10	linear	linear	ADJ
ajst-30548	29	11	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	12	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	29	13	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	14	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	29	16	appearing	appear	VERB
ajst-30548	29	17	as	as	SCONJ
ajst-30548	29	18	slender	slender	ADJ
ajst-30548	29	19	grooves	groove	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	20	oriented	orient	VERB
ajst-30548	29	21	along	along	ADP
ajst-30548	29	22	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	29	23	particular	particular	ADJ
ajst-30548	29	24	direction	direction	NOUN
ajst-30548	29	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	30	1	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	30	2	typically	typically	ADV
ajst-30548	30	3	arise	arise	VERB
ajst-30548	30	4	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	30	5	foreign‑object	foreign‑object	ADJ
ajst-30548	30	6	abrasion	abrasion	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	30	8	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
ajst-30548	30	9	contact	contact	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	30	11	roll‑mark	roll‑mark	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	12	damage	damage	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	30	14	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	30	15	friction	friction	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	16	during	during	ADP
ajst-30548	30	17	transport	transport	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	30	19	handling	handling	NOUN
ajst-30548	30	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	31	1	scratches	scratch	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	2	disrupt	disrupt	VERB
ajst-30548	31	3	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	4	continuity	continuity	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	31	6	degrade	degrade	VERB
ajst-30548	31	7	appearance	appearance	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	8	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-30548	31	9	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	31	10	severe	severe	ADJ
ajst-30548	31	11	cases	case	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	31	13	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	31	14	act	act	VERB
ajst-30548	31	15	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	31	16	stress	stress	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	17	concentrators	concentrator	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	18	that	that	PRON
ajst-30548	31	19	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	31	20	precipitate	precipitate	VERB
ajst-30548	31	21	premature	premature	ADJ
ajst-30548	31	22	material	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	23	failure	failure	NOUN
ajst-30548	31	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	32	1	2.1.2	2.1.2	X
ajst-30548	32	2	.	.	X
ajst-30548	32	3	crack	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	32	4	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	32	5	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	32	6	highly	highly	ADV
ajst-30548	32	7	critical	critical	ADJ
ajst-30548	32	8	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	32	9	characterized	characterize	VERB
ajst-30548	32	10	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	32	11	fine	fine	ADJ
ajst-30548	32	12	linear	linear	ADJ
ajst-30548	32	13	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	32	14	irregular	irregular	ADJ
ajst-30548	32	15	fissures	fissure	NOUN
ajst-30548	32	16	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	32	17	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	32	18	just	just	ADV
ajst-30548	32	19	below	below	ADP
ajst-30548	32	20	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	32	21	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	32	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	33	1	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	33	2	199	199	NUM
ajst-30548	33	3	formation	formation	NOUN
ajst-30548	33	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	33	5	closely	closely	ADV
ajst-30548	33	6	linked	link	VERB
ajst-30548	33	7	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	33	8	residual	residual	ADJ
ajst-30548	33	9	internal	internal	ADJ
ajst-30548	33	10	stresses	stress	NOUN
ajst-30548	33	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	33	12	uneven	uneven	ADJ
ajst-30548	33	13	cooling	cool	VERB
ajst-30548	33	14	rates	rate	NOUN
ajst-30548	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	33	16	compositional	compositional	ADJ
ajst-30548	33	17	inhomogeneities	inhomogeneity	NOUN
ajst-30548	33	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	33	19	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	33	20	thermal‑treatment	thermal‑treatment	NOUN
ajst-30548	33	21	anomalies	anomaly	NOUN
ajst-30548	33	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	34	1	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	34	2	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-30548	34	3	undermine	undermine	VERB
ajst-30548	34	4	structural	structural	ADJ
ajst-30548	34	5	strength	strength	NOUN
ajst-30548	34	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	34	7	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	34	8	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	34	9	primary	primary	ADJ
ajst-30548	34	10	cause	cause	NOUN
ajst-30548	34	11	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	34	12	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ajst-30548	34	13	failure	failure	NOUN
ajst-30548	34	14	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	34	15	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
ajst-30548	34	16	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ajst-30548	34	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	35	1	2.1.3	2.1.3	NUM
ajst-30548	35	2	.	.	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	3	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	4	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	5	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	6	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	7	forms	form	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	8	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-30548	35	9	hot‑rolled	hot‑rolled	ADJ
ajst-30548	35	10	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	35	11	heat‑treated	heat‑treated	ADJ
ajst-30548	35	12	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	13	reacts	react	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	14	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	35	15	atmospheric	atmospheric	ADJ
ajst-30548	35	16	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	35	18	creating	create	VERB
ajst-30548	35	19	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	35	20	layer	layer	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	21	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	35	22	oxides	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	23	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	35	24	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	35	25	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	35	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	36	1	this	this	DET
ajst-30548	36	2	layer	layer	NOUN
ajst-30548	36	3	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	36	4	typically	typically	ADV
ajst-30548	36	5	gray‑black	gray‑black	VERB
ajst-30548	36	6	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	36	7	bluish	bluish	VERB
ajst-30548	36	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	36	9	color	color	NOUN
ajst-30548	36	10	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	36	11	varies	vary	VERB
ajst-30548	36	12	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	36	13	thickness	thickness	NOUN
ajst-30548	36	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	37	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-30548	37	2	acid‑pickling	acid‑pickle	VERB
ajst-30548	37	3	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	37	4	abrasive	abrasive	ADJ
ajst-30548	37	5	blasting	blasting	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	6	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	37	7	remove	remove	VERB
ajst-30548	37	8	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	37	10	uneven	uneven	ADJ
ajst-30548	37	11	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	12	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	37	13	strong	strong	ADJ
ajst-30548	37	14	adhesion	adhesion	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	15	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	37	16	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	37	17	substrate	substrate	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	18	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	37	19	impair	impair	VERB
ajst-30548	37	20	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
ajst-30548	37	21	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	22	treatments	treatment	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	23	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	37	24	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	37	25	coating	coating	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	37	27	painting	painting	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	37	29	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	37	30	welding	welding	NOUN
ajst-30548	37	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	38	1	2.1.4	2.1.4	NUM
ajst-30548	38	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	38	3	pitting	pit	VERB
ajst-30548	38	4	pitting	pit	VERB
ajst-30548	38	5	manifests	manifest	NOUN
ajst-30548	38	6	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	38	7	localized	localized	ADJ
ajst-30548	38	8	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN
ajst-30548	38	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	38	10	producing	produce	VERB
ajst-30548	38	11	dense	dense	ADJ
ajst-30548	38	12	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	38	13	isolated	isolated	ADJ
ajst-30548	38	14	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	38	15	cavities	cavity	NOUN
ajst-30548	38	16	resembling	resemble	VERB
ajst-30548	38	17	pinholes	pinhole	NOUN
ajst-30548	38	18	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	38	19	etch	etch	VERB
ajst-30548	38	20	spots	spot	NOUN
ajst-30548	38	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	39	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	39	2	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	39	3	results	result	VERB
ajst-30548	39	4	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	39	5	prolonged	prolonged	ADJ
ajst-30548	39	6	exposure	exposure	NOUN
ajst-30548	39	7	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	39	8	humid	humid	NOUN
ajst-30548	39	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	39	10	saline	saline	NOUN
ajst-30548	39	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	39	12	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	39	13	acidic	acidic	ADJ
ajst-30548	39	14	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	39	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	39	16	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	39	17	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	39	18	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN
ajst-30548	39	19	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	39	20	inclusions	inclusion	NOUN
ajst-30548	39	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	40	1	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-30548	40	2	pits	pit	NOUN
ajst-30548	40	3	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	40	4	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	40	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	40	6	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	40	7	breach	breach	VERB
ajst-30548	40	8	protective	protective	ADJ
ajst-30548	40	9	films	film	NOUN
ajst-30548	40	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	40	11	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	40	12	expand	expand	VERB
ajst-30548	40	13	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN
ajst-30548	40	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	40	15	thereby	thereby	ADV
ajst-30548	40	16	reducing	reduce	VERB
ajst-30548	40	17	service	service	NOUN
ajst-30548	40	18	life	life	NOUN
ajst-30548	40	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	40	20	aesthetic	aesthetic	ADJ
ajst-30548	40	21	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	40	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	1	2.1.5	2.1.5	NUM
ajst-30548	41	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	3	delamination	delamination	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	4	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	5	peeling	peel	VERB
ajst-30548	41	6	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	7	delamination	delamination	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	9	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	41	10	peeling	peel	VERB
ajst-30548	41	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	12	refers	refer	VERB
ajst-30548	41	13	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	41	14	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	41	15	partial	partial	ADJ
ajst-30548	41	16	separation	separation	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	17	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	41	18	blistering	blister	VERB
ajst-30548	41	19	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	41	20	metal	metal	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	21	layers	layer	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	22	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	41	23	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	41	24	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	25	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	41	27	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ajst-30548	41	28	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-30548	41	29	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	41	30	large	large	ADJ
ajst-30548	41	31	areas	area	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	32	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	41	33	flaking	flake	VERB
ajst-30548	41	34	that	that	PRON
ajst-30548	41	35	expose	expose	VERB
ajst-30548	41	36	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	41	37	underlying	underlie	VERB
ajst-30548	41	38	substrate	substrate	NOUN
ajst-30548	41	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	42	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	42	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	42	3	commonly	commonly	ADV
ajst-30548	42	4	caused	cause	VERB
ajst-30548	42	5	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	42	6	laminar	laminar	ADJ
ajst-30548	42	7	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	42	8	during	during	ADP
ajst-30548	42	9	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ajst-30548	42	10	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	42	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	42	12	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	42	13	inclusions	inclusion	NOUN
ajst-30548	42	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	42	15	roll‑stick	roll‑stick	VERB
ajst-30548	42	16	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
ajst-30548	42	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	42	18	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	42	19	improper	improper	ADJ
ajst-30548	42	20	cooling	cooling	NOUN
ajst-30548	42	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	43	1	delamination	delamination	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	2	not	not	PART
ajst-30548	43	3	only	only	ADV
ajst-30548	43	4	mars	mar	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	5	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	6	finish	finish	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	7	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	43	8	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	43	9	promotes	promote	VERB
ajst-30548	43	10	crack	crack	VERB
ajst-30548	43	11	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	12	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	43	13	stress‑concentrated	stress‑concentrate	VERB
ajst-30548	43	14	regions	region	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	43	16	compromising	compromise	VERB
ajst-30548	43	17	structural	structural	ADJ
ajst-30548	43	18	integrity	integrity	NOUN
ajst-30548	43	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	44	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
ajst-30548	44	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	44	3	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	4	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	5	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	6	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	44	8	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	9	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	44	11	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	12	play	play	VERB
ajst-30548	44	13	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	44	14	indispensable	indispensable	ADJ
ajst-30548	44	15	role	role	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	16	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	44	17	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	44	18	not	not	PART
ajst-30548	44	19	only	only	ADV
ajst-30548	44	20	provide	provide	VERB
ajst-30548	44	21	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	44	22	foundational	foundational	ADJ
ajst-30548	44	23	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	24	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	44	25	model	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	26	training	training	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	44	28	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	29	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	44	30	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	44	31	largely	largely	ADV
ajst-30548	44	32	determine	determine	VERB
ajst-30548	44	33	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	44	34	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	35	’s	’s	PART
ajst-30548	44	36	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	44	38	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	39	capability	capability	NOUN
ajst-30548	44	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	45	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	45	2	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	45	3	context	context	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	45	5	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	7	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	8	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	45	10	having	have	VERB
ajst-30548	45	11	high‑quality	high‑quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	45	13	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ajst-30548	45	14	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	15	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	45	16	especially	especially	ADV
ajst-30548	45	17	critical	critical	ADJ
ajst-30548	45	18	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	45	19	effectively	effectively	ADV
ajst-30548	45	20	training	train	VERB
ajst-30548	45	21	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	45	22	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	23	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	45	25	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajst-30548	45	26	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	45	27	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	45	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	46	2	neu	neu	PROPN
ajst-30548	46	3	dataset	dataset	VERB
ajst-30548	46	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	5	released	release	VERB
ajst-30548	46	6	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	46	7	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	46	8	college	college	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	46	10	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	11	science	science	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	46	13	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	14	at	at	ADP
ajst-30548	46	15	northeastern	northeastern	ADJ
ajst-30548	46	16	university	university	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	18	comprises	comprise	VERB
ajst-30548	46	19	1800	1800	NUM
ajst-30548	46	20	grayscale	grayscale	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	21	images	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	22	at	at	ADP
ajst-30548	46	23	200	200	NUM
ajst-30548	46	24	 	 	SPACE
ajst-30548	46	25	×	×	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	26	 	 	SPACE
ajst-30548	46	27	200	200	NUM
ajst-30548	46	28	pixels	pixel	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	30	covering	cover	VERB
ajst-30548	46	31	six	six	NUM
ajst-30548	46	32	representative	representative	ADJ
ajst-30548	46	33	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	34	types	type	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	35	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	36	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	38	inclusions	inclusion	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	39	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	40	patches	patch	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	42	pitting	pitting	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	44	rolled‑in	rolled‑in	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	45	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	46	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	46	47	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	46	48	scratches	scratch	NOUN
ajst-30548	46	49	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	47	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	47	2	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	47	3	available	available	ADJ
ajst-30548	47	4	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	47	5	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	47	6	variants	variant	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	7	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	47	8	neu‑cls	neu‑cls	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	9	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	47	10	classification	classification	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	11	tasks	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	47	13	which	which	PRON
ajst-30548	47	14	contains	contain	VERB
ajst-30548	47	15	300	300	NUM
ajst-30548	47	16	unlabeled	unlabele	VERB
ajst-30548	47	17	images	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	18	per	per	ADP
ajst-30548	47	19	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	20	category	category	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	21	;	;	PUNCT
ajst-30548	47	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	47	23	neu‑det	neu‑det	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	24	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	47	25	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	26	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	27	tasks	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	47	29	which	which	PRON
ajst-30548	47	30	includes	include	VERB
ajst-30548	47	31	bounding‑box	bounding‑box	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	32	annotations	annotation	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	33	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	47	34	assess	assess	VERB
ajst-30548	47	35	both	both	CCONJ
ajst-30548	47	36	localization	localization	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	47	38	classification	classification	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	39	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	47	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	48	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	48	2	following	follow	VERB
ajst-30548	48	3	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-30548	48	4	shows	show	VERB
ajst-30548	48	5	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	48	6	example	example	NOUN
ajst-30548	48	7	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	48	8	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	48	9	neu	neu	NOUN
ajst-30548	48	10	dataset	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	48	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	49	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-30548	49	2	1	1	NUM
ajst-30548	49	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	1	examples	example	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	50	3	neu	neu	PROPN
ajst-30548	50	4	dataset	dataset	VERB
ajst-30548	50	5	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	50	6	severstal	severstal	PROPN
ajst-30548	50	7	dataset	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	9	provided	provide	VERB
ajst-30548	50	10	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	50	11	severstal	severstal	PROPN
ajst-30548	50	12	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	13	corporation	corporation	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	15	contains	contain	VERB
ajst-30548	50	16	four	four	NUM
ajst-30548	50	17	types	type	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	50	19	strip	strip	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	20	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	21	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	22	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	23	holes	hole	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	25	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	27	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	50	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	50	30	delamination	delamination	NOUN
ajst-30548	50	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	51	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	51	2	dataset	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	3	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	51	4	divided	divide	VERB
ajst-30548	51	5	into	into	ADP
ajst-30548	51	6	12,568	12,568	NUM
ajst-30548	51	7	training	training	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	8	images	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	51	10	5,506	5,506	NUM
ajst-30548	51	11	test	test	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	12	images	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	51	14	each	each	PRON
ajst-30548	51	15	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	51	16	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	51	17	resolution	resolution	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	51	19	1600	1600	NUM
ajst-30548	51	20	 	 	SPACE
ajst-30548	51	21	×	×	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	22	 	 	SPACE
ajst-30548	51	23	256	256	NUM
ajst-30548	51	24	pixels	pixel	NOUN
ajst-30548	51	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	52	1	every	every	DET
ajst-30548	52	2	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	3	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	52	4	annotated	annotate	VERB
ajst-30548	52	5	either	either	CCONJ
ajst-30548	52	6	at	at	ADP
ajst-30548	52	7	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	52	8	pixel	pixel	ADJ
ajst-30548	52	9	level	level	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	10	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	52	11	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	52	12	bounding	bounding	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	13	boxes	box	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	52	15	making	make	VERB
ajst-30548	52	16	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	52	17	dataset	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	18	suitable	suitable	ADJ
ajst-30548	52	19	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	52	20	both	both	CCONJ
ajst-30548	52	21	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	52	23	segmentation	segmentation	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	24	tasks	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	52	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	53	1	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	53	2	enables	enable	VERB
ajst-30548	53	3	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	53	4	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
ajst-30548	53	5	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	53	7	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	53	8	model	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	9	’s	’s	PART
ajst-30548	53	10	ability	ability	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	11	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	53	12	recognize	recognize	VERB
ajst-30548	53	13	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	14	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	53	16	varying	vary	VERB
ajst-30548	53	17	scales	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	53	19	forms	form	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	20	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	53	21	large	large	ADJ
ajst-30548	53	22	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	23	strips	strip	NOUN
ajst-30548	53	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	54	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	54	2	following	follow	VERB
ajst-30548	54	3	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-30548	54	4	shows	show	VERB
ajst-30548	54	5	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	54	6	example	example	NOUN
ajst-30548	54	7	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	54	8	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	54	9	severstal	severstal	PROPN
ajst-30548	54	10	dataset	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	54	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	55	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-30548	55	2	2	2	NUM
ajst-30548	55	3	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	56	1	examples	example	NOUN
ajst-30548	56	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	56	3	severstal	severstal	PROPN
ajst-30548	56	4	dataset	dataset	VERB
ajst-30548	56	5	200	200	NUM
ajst-30548	56	6	3	3	NUM
ajst-30548	56	7	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	56	8	research	research	NOUN
ajst-30548	56	9	status	status	NOUN
ajst-30548	56	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	56	11	development	development	NOUN
ajst-30548	56	12	trends	trend	NOUN
ajst-30548	56	13	at	at	ADP
ajst-30548	56	14	home	home	NOUN
ajst-30548	56	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	56	16	abroad	abroad	ADV
ajst-30548	56	17	3.1	3.1	NUM
ajst-30548	56	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	57	1	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	2	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	3	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	57	4	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
ajst-30548	57	5	principle	principle	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	57	7	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	8	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	9	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	10	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	57	11	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	57	12	learn	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	57	13	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	14	representations	representation	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	57	16	targets	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	17	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	57	18	extract	extract	VERB
ajst-30548	57	19	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	20	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	57	21	input	input	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	22	images	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	57	24	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	57	25	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
ajst-30548	57	26	determine	determine	VERB
ajst-30548	57	27	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	57	28	location	location	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	29	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	57	30	category	category	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	31	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	57	32	targets	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	33	within	within	ADP
ajst-30548	57	34	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	57	35	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	57	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	58	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	58	2	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	58	3	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	4	extraction	extraction	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	5	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	58	7	commonly	commonly	ADV
ajst-30548	58	8	used	use	VERB
ajst-30548	58	9	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	10	include	include	VERB
ajst-30548	58	11	handcrafted	handcrafted	ADJ
ajst-30548	58	12	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	58	14	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	58	15	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	16	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	58	17	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	58	18	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	58	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	59	1	handcrafted	handcraft	VERB
ajst-30548	59	2	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	59	3	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	59	4	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	59	5	haar	haar	X
ajst-30548	59	6	features[1	features[1	NUM
ajst-30548	59	7	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	59	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	59	9	sift	sift	VERB
ajst-30548	59	10	features[2	features[2	PROPN
ajst-30548	59	11	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	59	12	rely	rely	VERB
ajst-30548	59	13	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	59	14	human	human	ADJ
ajst-30548	59	15	prior	prior	ADV
ajst-30548	59	16	knowledge[3	knowledge[3	PROPN
ajst-30548	59	17	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	59	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	59	19	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	59	20	perform	perform	VERB
ajst-30548	59	21	well	well	ADV
ajst-30548	59	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	59	23	simple	simple	ADJ
ajst-30548	59	24	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
ajst-30548	59	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	60	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	60	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	60	4	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	60	5	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	6	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	60	7	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	60	8	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	9	automatically	automatically	ADV
ajst-30548	60	10	learn	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	60	11	target	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	12	representations	representation	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	13	through	through	ADP
ajst-30548	60	14	training	train	VERB
ajst-30548	60	15	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	60	16	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	60	17	networks	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	60	19	offering	offer	VERB
ajst-30548	60	20	better	well	ADJ
ajst-30548	60	21	robustness[4	robustness[4	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	22	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	60	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	60	24	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	25	capability[5	capability[5	ADP
ajst-30548	60	26	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	60	27	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	60	28	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	60	29	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	60	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	1	currently	currently	ADV
ajst-30548	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	3	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	61	4	classic	classic	ADJ
ajst-30548	61	5	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	61	6	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	8	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	61	9	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	10	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	11	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	12	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	61	13	mainly	mainly	ADV
ajst-30548	61	14	divided	divide	VERB
ajst-30548	61	15	into	into	ADP
ajst-30548	61	16	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	61	17	categories	category	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	18	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	19	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	61	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	21	stage[6	stage[6	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	22	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	61	24	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	61	25	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	26	stage[7	stage[7	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	27	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	61	28	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	29	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	30	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	61	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	62	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	62	2	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	62	3	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	62	4	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	62	5	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	62	6	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	62	7	method	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	62	8	consists	consist	VERB
ajst-30548	62	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	62	10	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	62	11	main	main	ADJ
ajst-30548	62	12	steps	step	NOUN
ajst-30548	62	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	63	1	first	first	ADV
ajst-30548	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	63	3	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	63	4	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	63	5	generates	generate	VERB
ajst-30548	63	6	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	63	7	series	series	NOUN
ajst-30548	63	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	63	9	proposals	proposal	NOUN
ajst-30548	63	10	after	after	SCONJ
ajst-30548	63	11	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	63	12	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	63	13	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	63	14	input	input	NOUN
ajst-30548	63	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	64	1	then	then	ADV
ajst-30548	64	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	64	3	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	64	4	proposals	proposal	NOUN
ajst-30548	64	5	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	64	6	classified	classify	VERB
ajst-30548	64	7	through	through	ADP
ajst-30548	64	8	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	64	9	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	64	10	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	64	11	network	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	64	12	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	64	13	output	output	VERB
ajst-30548	64	14	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	64	15	final	final	ADJ
ajst-30548	64	16	results	result	NOUN
ajst-30548	64	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	65	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	65	2	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	65	3	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	65	4	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	65	5	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	6	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	7	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	8	method	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	65	10	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	65	11	task	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	12	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	65	13	treated	treat	VERB
ajst-30548	65	14	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	65	15	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	65	16	standard	standard	ADJ
ajst-30548	65	17	regression	regression	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	18	task	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	65	20	where	where	SCONJ
ajst-30548	65	21	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	65	22	input	input	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	23	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	24	directly	directly	ADV
ajst-30548	65	25	yields	yield	VERB
ajst-30548	65	26	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	65	27	predicted	predict	VERB
ajst-30548	65	28	results	result	NOUN
ajst-30548	65	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	66	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	66	2	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	3	process	process	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	66	5	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
ajst-30548	66	6	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	66	7	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	8	3	3	NUM
ajst-30548	66	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	66	10	input	input	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	11	backbone	backbone	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	12	neck	neck	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	13	dense	dense	ADJ
ajst-30548	66	14	prediction	prediction	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	15	spare	spare	ADJ
ajst-30548	66	16	prediction	prediction	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	17	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	66	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	66	19	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	20	detector	detector	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	21	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	66	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	66	23	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	24	detector	detector	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	25	figure	figure	NOUN
ajst-30548	66	26	3	3	NUM
ajst-30548	66	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	67	1	flowchart	flowchart	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	67	3	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	67	4	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	67	5	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	67	7	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	67	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	67	9	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	10	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	11	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	67	12	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	67	14	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	67	15	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	16	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	17	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	18	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	67	19	undergone	undergo	VERB
ajst-30548	67	20	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	67	21	development	development	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	22	over	over	ADP
ajst-30548	67	23	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	67	25	leading	lead	VERB
ajst-30548	67	26	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	67	27	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	67	28	emergence	emergence	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	29	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	67	30	many	many	ADJ
ajst-30548	67	31	novel	novel	ADJ
ajst-30548	67	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	67	33	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-30548	67	34	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	35	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	36	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	37	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	67	38	as	as	ADV
ajst-30548	67	39	well	well	ADV
ajst-30548	67	40	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	67	41	optimized	optimize	VERB
ajst-30548	67	42	versions	version	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	43	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	67	44	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	67	45	existing	exist	VERB
ajst-30548	67	46	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	67	47	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	68	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	68	2	r	r	PROPN
ajst-30548	68	3	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	68	4	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	68	5	series	series	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	68	7	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	68	8	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	68	9	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	68	10	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	68	11	representative	representative	ADJ
ajst-30548	68	12	algorithms	algorithms	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	68	14	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	68	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	68	16	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	17	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	68	19	achieves	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	68	20	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	21	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	22	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	68	23	generating	generate	VERB
ajst-30548	68	24	candidate	candidate	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	25	regions	region	NOUN
ajst-30548	68	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	68	27	classifying	classify	VERB
ajst-30548	68	28	them	they	PRON
ajst-30548	68	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	1	this	this	DET
ajst-30548	69	2	series	series	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	3	includes	include	VERB
ajst-30548	69	4	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	5	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	69	6	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	69	7	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	9	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	69	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	11	fast	fast	ADJ
ajst-30548	69	12	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	13	-	-	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	14	cnn[8	cnn[8	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	15	]	]	X
ajst-30548	69	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	17	mask	mask	VERB
ajst-30548	69	18	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	20	cnn[9	cnn[9	NUM
ajst-30548	69	21	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	69	24	faster	fast	ADJ
ajst-30548	69	25	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	26	-	-	ADV
ajst-30548	69	27	cnn[10	cnn[10	NOUN
ajst-30548	69	28	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	69	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	70	1	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	70	2	yolo	yolo	ADJ
ajst-30548	70	3	series	series	NOUN
ajst-30548	70	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	70	5	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	70	6	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	70	7	other	other	ADJ
ajst-30548	70	8	hand	hand	NOUN
ajst-30548	70	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	70	10	represents	represent	VERB
ajst-30548	70	11	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	70	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	70	13	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	70	14	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	70	15	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	70	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	71	1	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	71	2	inputting	inputte	VERB
ajst-30548	71	3	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	71	4	entire	entire	ADJ
ajst-30548	71	5	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	6	into	into	ADP
ajst-30548	71	7	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	71	8	network	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	71	10	predicting	predict	VERB
ajst-30548	71	11	bounding	bounding	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	12	boxes	box	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	71	14	categories	category	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	15	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	71	16	yolo	yolo	PROPN
ajst-30548	71	17	achieves	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	71	18	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	71	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	71	20	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	21	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	22	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	23	capabilities	capability	NOUN
ajst-30548	71	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	72	1	ssd	ssd	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	2	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	72	3	single	single	ADJ
ajst-30548	72	4	shot	shot	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	5	multibox	multibox	PROPN
ajst-30548	72	6	detector)[11	detector)[11	PROPN
ajst-30548	72	7	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	72	8	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	72	9	another	another	DET
ajst-30548	72	10	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	72	11	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	72	12	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	13	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	14	known	know	VERB
ajst-30548	72	15	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	72	16	its	its	PRON
ajst-30548	72	17	speed	speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	72	19	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	72	20	precision	precision	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	72	22	making	make	VERB
ajst-30548	72	23	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	72	24	suitable	suitable	ADJ
ajst-30548	72	25	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	72	26	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	27	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	28	tasks	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	29	across	across	ADP
ajst-30548	72	30	various	various	ADJ
ajst-30548	72	31	scales	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	72	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	73	1	centernet[12	centernet[12	PROPN
ajst-30548	73	2	]	]	X
ajst-30548	73	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	73	4	also	also	ADV
ajst-30548	73	5	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	73	6	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	73	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	73	8	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	9	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	10	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	73	12	predicts	predict	VERB
ajst-30548	73	13	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	73	14	center	center	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	15	points	point	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	16	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	73	17	objects	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	18	directly	directly	ADV
ajst-30548	73	19	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	73	20	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	73	21	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	73	23	enabling	enable	VERB
ajst-30548	73	24	fast	fast	ADJ
ajst-30548	73	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	73	26	accurate	accurate	ADJ
ajst-30548	73	27	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	73	29	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajst-30548	73	30	excelling	excel	VERB
ajst-30548	73	31	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	73	32	detecting	detect	VERB
ajst-30548	73	33	sparse	sparse	ADJ
ajst-30548	73	34	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	73	35	dense	dense	ADJ
ajst-30548	73	36	objects	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	73	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	74	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	74	2	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-30548	74	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	74	4	dai	dai	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	5	jifeng	jifeng	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	6	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	7	al[13	al[13	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	8	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	74	9	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	74	10	tsinghua	tsinghua	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	11	university	university	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	12	proposed	propose	VERB
ajst-30548	74	13	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	74	14	r	r	PROPN
ajst-30548	74	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	74	16	fcn	fcn	NOUN
ajst-30548	74	17	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	74	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	74	19	which	which	PRON
ajst-30548	74	20	employs	employ	VERB
ajst-30548	74	21	positionsensitive	positionsensitive	ADJ
ajst-30548	74	22	score	score	NOUN
ajst-30548	74	23	maps	map	NOUN
ajst-30548	74	24	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	74	25	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
ajst-30548	74	26	class	class	NOUN
ajst-30548	74	27	probabilities	probability	NOUN
ajst-30548	74	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	75	1	this	this	DET
ajst-30548	75	2	approach	approach	NOUN
ajst-30548	75	3	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-30548	75	4	improves	improve	VERB
ajst-30548	75	5	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	75	6	speed	speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	75	7	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-30548	75	8	maintaining	maintain	VERB
ajst-30548	75	9	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	75	10	localization	localization	NOUN
ajst-30548	75	11	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	75	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	76	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	76	2	2019	2019	NUM
ajst-30548	76	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	76	4	zhao	zhao	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	5	qijie	qijie	PROPN
ajst-30548	76	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	76	7	tao	tao	PROPN
ajst-30548	76	8	sheng	sheng	PROPN
ajst-30548	76	9	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	76	10	al[14	al[14	PROPN
ajst-30548	76	11	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	76	12	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	76	13	peking	peking	PROPN
ajst-30548	76	14	university	university	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	15	introduced	introduce	VERB
ajst-30548	76	16	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	76	17	m2det	m2det	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	18	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	76	20	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	76	21	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	22	-	-	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	23	scale	scale	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	76	25	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	26	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	27	feature	feature	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	28	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	29	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	30	method	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	31	that	that	PRON
ajst-30548	76	32	enhances	enhance	VERB
ajst-30548	76	33	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	34	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	35	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	76	36	speed	speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	37	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	76	38	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
ajst-30548	76	39	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	76	40	pyramid	pyramid	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	41	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	42	extractor	extractor	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	76	44	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	45	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	76	46	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	47	detectors	detector	NOUN
ajst-30548	76	48	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	77	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	77	2	2021	2021	NUM
ajst-30548	77	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	77	4	yu	yu	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	5	changqian	changqian	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	77	7	xiao	xiao	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	8	bin	bin	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	9	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	10	al[15	al[15	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	11	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	77	12	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	77	13	huazhong	huazhong	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	14	university	university	PROPN
ajst-30548	77	15	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	77	16	science	science	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	77	18	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	19	proposed	propose	VERB
ajst-30548	77	20	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	77	21	lite	lite	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	77	23	hrnet	hrnet	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	77	25	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	77	26	network	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	27	that	that	PRON
ajst-30548	77	28	improves	improve	VERB
ajst-30548	77	29	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	77	32	stability	stability	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	33	through	through	ADP
ajst-30548	77	34	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	77	35	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	77	36	branch	branch	ADJ
ajst-30548	77	37	parallel	parallel	ADJ
ajst-30548	77	38	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	39	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	77	40	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	41	at	at	ADP
ajst-30548	77	42	different	different	ADJ
ajst-30548	77	43	resolutions	resolution	NOUN
ajst-30548	77	44	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	78	1	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	78	2	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	78	3	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ajst-30548	78	4	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	78	6	computational	computational	ADJ
ajst-30548	78	7	power	power	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	78	9	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
ajst-30548	78	10	advancements	advancement	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	78	12	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	78	13	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	78	15	object	object	VERB
ajst-30548	78	16	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	17	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	18	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	78	19	undergoing	undergo	VERB
ajst-30548	78	20	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ajst-30548	78	21	development	development	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	78	23	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	78	25	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB
ajst-30548	78	26	explosive	explosive	ADJ
ajst-30548	78	27	growth	growth	NOUN
ajst-30548	78	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	79	1	3.2	3.2	NUM
ajst-30548	79	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	80	1	current	current	ADJ
ajst-30548	80	2	research	research	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	3	status	status	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	80	5	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	6	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	7	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	8	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	9	defects[16	defects[16	PROPN
ajst-30548	80	10	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	80	11	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	80	12	among	among	ADP
ajst-30548	80	13	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	80	14	most	most	ADV
ajst-30548	80	15	critical	critical	ADJ
ajst-30548	80	16	factors	factor	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	17	affecting	affect	VERB
ajst-30548	80	18	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	80	19	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	80	21	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ
ajst-30548	80	22	components	component	NOUN
ajst-30548	80	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	81	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	2	manual	manual	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	3	visual	visual	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	4	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	5	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	6	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	81	7	prone	prone	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	8	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	81	9	subjective	subjective	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	10	bias	bias	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	81	12	human	human	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	13	experience	experience	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	81	15	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	81	16	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-30548	81	17	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	81	18	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	19	errors	error	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	81	21	failing	fail	VERB
ajst-30548	81	22	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	81	23	meet	meet	VERB
ajst-30548	81	24	current	current	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	25	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	26	standards	standard	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	27	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	81	28	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	81	29	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	81	30	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	81	31	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	32	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	33	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	81	34	automated	automate	VERB
ajst-30548	81	35	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	36	lines	line	NOUN
ajst-30548	81	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	82	1	as	as	SCONJ
ajst-30548	82	2	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	3	automation	automation	NOUN
ajst-30548	82	4	continues	continue	VERB
ajst-30548	82	5	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	82	6	advance	advance	VERB
ajst-30548	82	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	82	8	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	9	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	82	10	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	82	11	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	82	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ajst-30548	82	13	revealed	reveal	VERB
ajst-30548	82	14	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	82	15	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	82	16	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	82	17	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	18	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	82	19	being	be	AUX
ajst-30548	82	20	labor	labor	NOUN
ajst-30548	82	21	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	82	22	intensive	intensive	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	82	24	inefficient	inefficient	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	82	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	82	27	heavily	heavily	ADV
ajst-30548	82	28	reliant	reliant	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	29	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	82	30	manual	manual	ADJ
ajst-30548	82	31	judgment	judgment	NOUN
ajst-30548	82	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	83	1	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	83	2	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	3	make	make	VERB
ajst-30548	83	4	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	5	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	6	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	83	8	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	83	9	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	83	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	83	13	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	14	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	83	15	precision	precision	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	83	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	83	18	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	19	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	83	20	stability	stability	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	21	demands	demand	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	83	23	modern	modern	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	24	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	83	25	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	83	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	84	1	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	84	2	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	84	3	advent	advent	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	4	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	84	5	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	6	4.0[17	4.0[17	NUM
ajst-30548	84	7	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	84	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	84	9	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	10	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	84	11	proposed	propose	VERB
ajst-30548	84	12	various	various	ADJ
ajst-30548	84	13	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	14	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	15	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	16	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	17	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	84	18	meet	meet	VERB
ajst-30548	84	19	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	84	20	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	84	21	demands	demand	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	84	23	automated	automate	VERB
ajst-30548	84	24	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	25	lines	line	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	26	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	84	27	terms	term	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	28	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	84	29	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	30	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	84	32	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	84	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	84	34	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	35	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	84	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	85	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	85	2	particular	particular	ADJ
ajst-30548	85	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	85	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	85	5	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ajst-30548	85	6	development	development	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	85	8	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	9	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	85	11	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	85	12	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	13	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	14	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	85	15	offered	offer	VERB
ajst-30548	85	16	new	new	ADJ
ajst-30548	85	17	solutions	solution	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	18	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	85	19	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	20	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	21	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	85	22	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	86	1	automated	automate	VERB
ajst-30548	86	2	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	3	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	4	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	86	5	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	86	6	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	7	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	8	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	86	9	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	10	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	11	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	86	12	gradually	gradually	ADV
ajst-30548	86	13	become	become	VERB
ajst-30548	86	14	mainstream	mainstream	ADJ
ajst-30548	86	15	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	86	16	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	86	17	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	86	19	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-30548	86	20	great	great	ADJ
ajst-30548	86	21	potential	potential	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	22	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	86	23	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ajst-30548	86	24	application	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	86	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	87	1	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	87	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	87	4	bait[18	bait[18	X
ajst-30548	87	5	]	]	X
ajst-30548	87	6	utilized	utilize	VERB
ajst-30548	87	7	mobilenetv3	mobilenetv3	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	8	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	87	9	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	87	10	backbone	backbone	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	11	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	87	12	yolov4	yolov4	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	13	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	87	14	extract	extract	VERB
ajst-30548	87	15	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	16	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	87	18	applied	apply	VERB
ajst-30548	87	19	depthwise	depthwise	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	20	separable	separable	ADJ
ajst-30548	87	21	convolution	convolution	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	22	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	87	23	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	87	24	panet	panet	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	25	layer	layer	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	26	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	87	27	yolov4	yolov4	PROPN
ajst-30548	87	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	87	29	achieving	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	87	30	network	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	31	lightweighting	lightweighte	VERB
ajst-30548	87	32	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	87	33	enabling	enable	VERB
ajst-30548	87	34	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	87	35	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	87	36	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	37	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	38	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	87	39	railway	railway	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	40	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	87	41	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	88	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ajst-30548	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	88	3	min	min	PROPN
ajst-30548	88	4	y[19	y[19	PROPN
ajst-30548	88	5	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	88	6	optimized	optimize	VERB
ajst-30548	88	7	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	88	8	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	9	201	201	NUM
ajst-30548	88	10	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	88	11	rail	rail	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	12	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	13	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	14	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	88	15	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	88	16	morphological	morphological	ADJ
ajst-30548	88	17	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	88	19	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	88	20	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
ajst-30548	88	21	principles	principle	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	88	23	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	24	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	88	26	using	use	VERB
ajst-30548	88	27	directional	directional	ADJ
ajst-30548	88	28	chain	chain	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	29	code	code	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	30	tracking	tracking	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	31	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	88	32	extract	extract	VERB
ajst-30548	88	33	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	34	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	88	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	89	1	3.3	3.3	NUM
ajst-30548	89	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	90	1	research	research	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	2	status	status	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	90	4	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	5	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	6	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	90	8	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	9	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	10	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	11	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	12	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	13	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	14	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	15	plays	play	VERB
ajst-30548	90	16	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	90	17	vital	vital	ADJ
ajst-30548	90	18	role	role	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	19	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	90	20	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	90	21	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	90	23	as	as	SCONJ
ajst-30548	90	24	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	90	25	directly	directly	ADV
ajst-30548	90	26	impacts	impact	VERB
ajst-30548	90	27	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	90	28	structural	structural	ADJ
ajst-30548	90	29	integrity	integrity	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	30	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	90	31	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	32	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	90	33	welded	weld	VERB
ajst-30548	90	34	products	product	NOUN
ajst-30548	90	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	91	1	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	91	2	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	3	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	4	include	include	VERB
ajst-30548	91	5	penetrant	penetrant	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	6	testing	testing	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	91	8	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ
ajst-30548	91	9	particle	particle	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	10	testing[20	testing[20	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	11	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	91	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	91	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	91	14	ultrasonic	ultrasonic	ADJ
ajst-30548	91	15	testing	testing	NOUN
ajst-30548	91	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	92	1	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-30548	92	2	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	92	3	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	4	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	92	5	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	92	6	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	92	7	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	92	9	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	10	identification	identification	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	92	12	they	they	PRON
ajst-30548	92	13	suffer	suffer	VERB
ajst-30548	92	14	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	92	15	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	16	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	92	17	terms	term	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	92	19	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	20	speed	speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	92	22	operational	operational	ADJ
ajst-30548	92	23	complexity	complexity	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	92	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	92	26	dependency	dependency	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	27	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	92	28	operator	operator	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	29	expertise	expertise	NOUN
ajst-30548	92	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	1	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	93	2	example	example	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	4	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-30548	93	5	penetrant	penetrant	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	6	testing	testing	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	7	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	93	8	effective	effective	ADJ
ajst-30548	93	9	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	93	10	identifying	identify	VERB
ajst-30548	93	11	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	12	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	13	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	93	14	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	93	15	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	93	17	porosity	porosity	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	19	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	93	20	requires	require	VERB
ajst-30548	93	21	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	93	22	test	test	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	23	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	24	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	93	25	be	be	AUX
ajst-30548	93	26	clean	clean	ADJ
ajst-30548	93	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	28	oil	oil	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	29	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	30	free	free	ADJ
ajst-30548	93	31	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	32	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ajst-30548	93	33	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	34	free	free	ADJ
ajst-30548	93	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	93	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	93	37	uncoated	uncoated	ADJ
ajst-30548	93	38	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	94	1	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
ajst-30548	94	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	94	3	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	94	4	penetrant	penetrant	NOUN
ajst-30548	94	5	may	may	AUX
ajst-30548	94	6	not	not	PART
ajst-30548	94	7	properly	properly	ADV
ajst-30548	94	8	seep	seep	VERB
ajst-30548	94	9	into	into	ADP
ajst-30548	94	10	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	94	11	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	94	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	94	13	leading	lead	VERB
ajst-30548	94	14	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	94	15	inaccurate	inaccurate	ADJ
ajst-30548	94	16	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	94	17	results	result	NOUN
ajst-30548	94	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	95	1	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ
ajst-30548	95	2	particle	particle	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	3	testing	testing	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	4	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	95	5	commonly	commonly	ADV
ajst-30548	95	6	used	use	VERB
ajst-30548	95	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	95	8	weld	weld	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	9	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	10	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	95	12	but	but	CCONJ
ajst-30548	95	13	it	it	PRON
ajst-30548	95	14	relies	rely	VERB
ajst-30548	95	15	heavily	heavily	ADV
ajst-30548	95	16	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	95	17	visual	visual	ADJ
ajst-30548	95	18	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	19	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	95	20	determine	determine	VERB
ajst-30548	95	21	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	95	22	location	location	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	95	24	size	size	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	25	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	95	26	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	95	27	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	96	1	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	96	2	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	96	3	result	result	NOUN
ajst-30548	96	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	96	5	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	96	6	operator	operator	NOUN
ajst-30548	96	7	’s	’s	PART
ajst-30548	96	8	skill	skill	NOUN
ajst-30548	96	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	96	10	experience	experience	NOUN
ajst-30548	96	11	have	have	VERB
ajst-30548	96	12	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	96	13	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	96	14	impact	impact	NOUN
ajst-30548	96	15	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	96	16	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	96	17	outcome	outcome	NOUN
ajst-30548	96	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	97	1	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	97	2	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	97	3	subtle	subtle	ADJ
ajst-30548	97	4	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	97	5	may	may	AUX
ajst-30548	97	6	be	be	AUX
ajst-30548	97	7	easily	easily	ADV
ajst-30548	97	8	overlooked	overlook	VERB
ajst-30548	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	97	10	leading	lead	VERB
ajst-30548	97	11	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	97	12	false	false	ADJ
ajst-30548	97	13	negatives	negative	NOUN
ajst-30548	97	14	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	97	15	missed	miss	VERB
ajst-30548	97	16	detections	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	97	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	98	1	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	98	2	overcome	overcome	VERB
ajst-30548	98	3	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	98	4	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	98	6	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	7	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	98	8	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ajst-30548	98	9	explored	explore	VERB
ajst-30548	98	10	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	98	11	application	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	98	13	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	14	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	98	16	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	98	17	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	18	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	19	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	98	20	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	21	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	22	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	23	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	24	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	98	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	99	1	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	99	2	technologies	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	3	offer	offer	VERB
ajst-30548	99	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	99	5	potential	potential	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	6	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	99	7	enhance	enhance	VERB
ajst-30548	99	8	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	9	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	99	11	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	99	13	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-30548	99	14	minimizing	minimize	VERB
ajst-30548	99	15	human	human	ADJ
ajst-30548	99	16	error	error	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	99	18	subjectivity	subjectivity	NOUN
ajst-30548	99	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	100	1	currently	currently	ADV
ajst-30548	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	100	3	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	100	4	basic	basic	ADJ
ajst-30548	100	5	approach	approach	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	6	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	100	7	defect	defect	VERB
ajst-30548	100	8	classification	classification	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	9	involves	involve	VERB
ajst-30548	100	10	designing	design	VERB
ajst-30548	100	11	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	12	learning	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	100	13	classifiers	classifier	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	14	that	that	PRON
ajst-30548	100	15	learn	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	100	16	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	100	17	mapping	mapping	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	18	function	function	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	19	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	100	20	input	input	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	21	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	22	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	100	23	defect	defect	VERB
ajst-30548	100	24	categories	category	NOUN
ajst-30548	100	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	1	commonly	commonly	ADV
ajst-30548	101	2	used	use	VERB
ajst-30548	101	3	algorithms	algorithm	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	4	include	include	VERB
ajst-30548	101	5	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	101	6	back	back	ADJ
ajst-30548	101	7	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	8	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	9	bp	bp	PROPN
ajst-30548	101	10	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	11	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	101	12	network[21	network[21	PROPN
ajst-30548	101	13	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	15	support	support	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	16	vector	vector	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	17	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	18	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	19	svm)[22	svm)[22	PROPN
ajst-30548	101	20	]	]	X
ajst-30548	101	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	101	23	principal	principal	ADJ
ajst-30548	101	24	component	component	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	25	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajst-30548	101	26	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	27	pca)[23	pca)[23	PROPN
ajst-30548	101	28	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	101	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	102	1	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	2	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	3	networks	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	4	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	102	5	cnns)[24	cnns)[24	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	6	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	102	7	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	102	8	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	9	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	10	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	11	capable	capable	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	102	13	automatically	automatically	ADV
ajst-30548	102	14	extracting	extract	VERB
ajst-30548	102	15	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	16	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	17	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	18	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	102	19	color	color	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	20	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	102	21	contours	contours	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	22	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	102	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	102	24	textures	texture	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	102	26	thereby	thereby	ADV
ajst-30548	102	27	avoiding	avoid	VERB
ajst-30548	102	28	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	29	manual	manual	ADJ
ajst-30548	102	30	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	31	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	102	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	103	1	cnns	cnns	PROPN
ajst-30548	103	2	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
ajst-30548	103	3	strong	strong	ADJ
ajst-30548	103	4	robustness	robustness	NOUN
ajst-30548	103	5	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	103	6	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	103	7	requiring	require	VERB
ajst-30548	103	8	distortion	distortion	NOUN
ajst-30548	103	9	invariance	invariance	NOUN
ajst-30548	103	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	104	1	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	104	2	typical	typical	ADJ
ajst-30548	104	3	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	104	4	consists	consist	VERB
ajst-30548	104	5	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	104	6	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	104	7	layers	layer	NOUN
ajst-30548	104	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	104	9	downsampling	downsample	VERB
ajst-30548	104	10	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	104	11	pooling	pool	VERB
ajst-30548	104	12	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	104	13	layers	layer	NOUN
ajst-30548	104	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	104	15	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	104	16	fully	fully	ADV
ajst-30548	104	17	connected	connected	ADJ
ajst-30548	104	18	layers[25	layers[25	NOUN
ajst-30548	104	19	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	104	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	105	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-30548	105	2	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	105	3	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	4	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	5	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	105	6	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-30548	105	7	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	105	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	105	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	105	12	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	13	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	14	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	15	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	105	16	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	17	materials	material	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	18	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	105	19	most	most	ADJ
ajst-30548	105	20	current	current	ADJ
ajst-30548	105	21	research	research	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	22	efforts	effort	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	23	focus	focus	VERB
ajst-30548	105	24	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	105	25	single	single	ADJ
ajst-30548	105	26	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	27	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	28	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	105	29	specific	specific	ADJ
ajst-30548	105	30	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	31	extraction	extraction	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	32	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajst-30548	105	33	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	106	1	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	106	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
ajst-30548	106	3	still	still	ADV
ajst-30548	106	4	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
ajst-30548	106	5	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	106	6	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	106	7	handling	handle	VERB
ajst-30548	106	8	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	106	9	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	106	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	106	11	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	106	12	targets	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	106	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	107	1	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	107	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	107	4	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-30548	107	5	detecting	detect	VERB
ajst-30548	107	6	fine	fine	ADJ
ajst-30548	107	7	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	8	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	107	9	other	other	ADJ
ajst-30548	107	10	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	107	11	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	107	12	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	13	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	107	15	existing	exist	VERB
ajst-30548	107	16	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	107	17	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	18	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	19	may	may	AUX
ajst-30548	107	20	fail	fail	VERB
ajst-30548	107	21	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	107	22	effectively	effectively	ADV
ajst-30548	107	23	capture	capture	VERB
ajst-30548	107	24	subtle	subtle	ADJ
ajst-30548	107	25	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	107	27	resulting	result	VERB
ajst-30548	107	28	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	107	29	suboptimal	suboptimal	ADJ
ajst-30548	107	30	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	31	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	107	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	108	1	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	108	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	108	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	108	5	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	108	7	robustness	robustness	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	108	9	current	current	ADJ
ajst-30548	108	10	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	11	under	under	ADP
ajst-30548	108	12	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	108	13	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	108	14	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	15	require	require	VERB
ajst-30548	108	16	further	further	ADJ
ajst-30548	108	17	improvement	improvement	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	18	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	108	19	especially	especially	ADV
ajst-30548	108	20	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	108	21	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	108	22	presence	presence	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	23	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	108	24	noise	noise	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	108	26	varying	vary	VERB
ajst-30548	108	27	lighting	lighting	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	29	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	108	30	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	108	31	background	background	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	32	interference	interference	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	33	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	108	34	where	where	SCONJ
ajst-30548	108	35	model	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	36	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	108	37	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	108	38	degrades	degrade	VERB
ajst-30548	108	39	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-30548	108	40	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	109	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
ajst-30548	109	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	109	3	enhancing	enhance	VERB
ajst-30548	109	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	109	5	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	109	7	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	109	8	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	9	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	10	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	109	11	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	109	12	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	13	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	109	14	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-30548	109	15	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	109	16	ability	ability	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	17	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	109	18	identify	identify	VERB
ajst-30548	109	19	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	109	20	targets	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	109	22	intricate	intricate	ADJ
ajst-30548	109	23	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	24	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	109	25	become	become	VERB
ajst-30548	109	26	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	109	27	critical	critical	ADJ
ajst-30548	109	28	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	29	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	109	30	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	109	31	field	field	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	32	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	109	33	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	34	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	35	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	36	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	109	37	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	110	1	improving	improve	VERB
ajst-30548	110	2	existing	exist	VERB
ajst-30548	110	3	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	4	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	110	5	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	110	6	higher	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	110	7	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	8	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	110	10	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	110	12	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	110	13	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	110	14	world	world	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	15	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	110	16	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	17	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	110	18	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	110	19	urgent	urgent	ADJ
ajst-30548	110	20	task	task	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	21	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	110	22	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	110	23	advancement	advancement	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	24	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	110	25	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	26	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	27	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	28	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	110	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	111	1	4	4	X
ajst-30548	111	2	.	.	X
ajst-30548	111	3	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	111	4	4.1	4.1	NUM
ajst-30548	111	5	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	112	1	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	2	dependency	dependency	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	112	4	annotation	annotation	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	5	cost	cost	VERB
ajst-30548	112	6	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	112	7	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	112	9	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	112	10	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	11	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	12	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	112	13	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	14	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	15	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	16	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	17	heavily	heavily	ADV
ajst-30548	112	18	relies	rely	VERB
ajst-30548	112	19	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	112	20	large	large	ADJ
ajst-30548	112	21	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	112	22	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	112	24	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	112	25	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	112	26	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	27	labeled	label	VERB
ajst-30548	112	28	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	112	29	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	113	1	however	however	ADV
ajst-30548	113	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	113	3	publicly	publicly	ADV
ajst-30548	113	4	available	available	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	5	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	6	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	7	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	113	8	neu	neu	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	113	10	det	det	PROPN
ajst-30548	113	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	113	12	severstal	severstal	PROPN
ajst-30548	113	13	suffer	suffer	VERB
ajst-30548	113	14	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	113	15	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	16	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	113	17	terms	term	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	113	19	sample	sample	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	20	size	size	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	21	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	113	22	defect	defect	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	23	types	type	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	113	25	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	113	26	imaging	imaging	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	27	conditions	condition	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	28	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	113	29	making	make	VERB
ajst-30548	113	30	them	they	PRON
ajst-30548	113	31	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	32	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	113	33	fully	fully	ADV
ajst-30548	113	34	represent	represent	VERB
ajst-30548	113	35	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	113	36	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	37	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	113	38	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	39	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	40	encountered	encounter	VERB
ajst-30548	113	41	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	113	42	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	43	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	113	44	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
ajst-30548	113	45	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ajst-30548	114	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	3	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	4	annotation	annotation	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	5	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	114	6	requires	require	VERB
ajst-30548	114	7	pixel	pixel	ADJ
ajst-30548	114	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	9	level	level	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	10	precision	precision	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	11	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	114	12	domain	domain	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	13	experts	expert	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	14	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	15	which	which	PRON
ajst-30548	114	16	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	114	17	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	18	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	19	consuming	consume	VERB
ajst-30548	114	20	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	114	21	labor	labor	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	22	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	23	intensive	intensive	ADJ
ajst-30548	114	24	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	114	25	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-30548	114	26	increasing	increase	VERB
ajst-30548	114	27	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	114	28	cost	cost	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	29	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	114	30	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	31	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
ajst-30548	114	32	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	115	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-30548	115	2	approaches	approach	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	3	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	4	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	115	5	transfer	transfer	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	6	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	115	8	semi	semi	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	9	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	10	supervised	supervised	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	11	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	12	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	115	13	been	be	AUX
ajst-30548	115	14	proposed	propose	VERB
ajst-30548	115	15	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	115	16	alleviate	alleviate	VERB
ajst-30548	115	17	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	115	18	reliance	reliance	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	19	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	115	20	large	large	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	21	labeled	label	VERB
ajst-30548	115	22	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	115	24	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	115	25	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	26	still	still	ADV
ajst-30548	115	27	face	face	VERB
ajst-30548	115	28	practical	practical	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	29	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	115	31	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	115	32	publicly	publicly	ADV
ajst-30548	115	33	available	available	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	34	weakly	weakly	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	35	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	115	36	semi	semi	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	37	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	38	labeled	label	VERB
ajst-30548	115	39	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	40	remain	remain	VERB
ajst-30548	115	41	scarce	scarce	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	115	43	thus	thus	ADV
ajst-30548	115	44	limiting	limit	VERB
ajst-30548	115	45	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	115	46	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	47	ability	ability	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	48	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	115	49	practical	practical	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	50	usability	usability	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	51	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	115	52	defect	defect	ADJ
ajst-30548	115	53	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	54	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	115	55	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	116	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
ajst-30548	116	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	116	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	4	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	116	5	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	116	6	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	7	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	116	8	multiscale	multiscale	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	9	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	10	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	11	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	12	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	13	vary	vary	VERB
ajst-30548	116	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
ajst-30548	116	15	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	116	16	size	size	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	116	18	morphology	morphology	NOUN
ajst-30548	116	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	117	1	particularly	particularly	ADV
ajst-30548	117	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	117	3	tiny	tiny	ADJ
ajst-30548	117	4	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	5	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	117	6	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	117	7	fine	fine	ADJ
ajst-30548	117	8	cracks	crack	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	9	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	117	10	pitting	pitting	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	11	occupy	occupy	VERB
ajst-30548	117	12	only	only	ADV
ajst-30548	117	13	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	117	14	regions	region	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	15	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	117	16	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	117	17	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	18	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	117	19	provide	provide	VERB
ajst-30548	117	20	limited	limited	ADJ
ajst-30548	117	21	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	22	information	information	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	117	24	posing	pose	VERB
ajst-30548	117	25	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	117	26	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	27	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	117	28	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	118	1	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ajst-30548	118	2	detectors	detector	NOUN
ajst-30548	118	3	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	118	4	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	118	5	faster	fast	ADJ
ajst-30548	118	6	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	118	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	118	8	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	118	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	118	10	ssd	ssd	PROPN
ajst-30548	118	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	118	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	118	13	yolo	yolo	PROPN
ajst-30548	118	14	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	118	15	suffer	suffer	VERB
ajst-30548	118	16	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	118	17	missed	miss	VERB
ajst-30548	118	18	detections	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	118	19	or	or	CCONJ
ajst-30548	118	20	inaccurate	inaccurate	ADJ
ajst-30548	118	21	localization	localization	NOUN
ajst-30548	118	22	when	when	SCONJ
ajst-30548	118	23	handling	handle	VERB
ajst-30548	118	24	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	118	25	objects	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	118	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-30548	119	2	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	3	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	4	scale	scale	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	5	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	6	fusion	fusion	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	7	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	8	like	like	ADP
ajst-30548	119	9	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	10	pyramid	pyramid	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	11	networks	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	12	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	13	fpn	fpn	PROPN
ajst-30548	119	14	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	15	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	119	16	been	be	AUX
ajst-30548	119	17	introduced	introduce	VERB
ajst-30548	119	18	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	119	19	enhance	enhance	VERB
ajst-30548	119	20	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	119	21	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	22	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	23	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	119	24	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	25	objects	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	26	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	27	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	28	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	29	world	world	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	30	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	31	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	32	introduce	introduce	VERB
ajst-30548	119	33	additional	additional	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	34	complexity	complexity	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	35	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	36	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	37	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	119	38	background	background	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	39	clutter	clutter	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	41	lighting	lighting	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	42	variation	variation	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	43	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	44	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	119	45	noise	noise	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	46	interference	interference	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	47	—	—	PUNCT
ajst-30548	119	48	that	that	PRON
ajst-30548	119	49	demand	demand	VERB
ajst-30548	119	50	more	more	ADV
ajst-30548	119	51	robust	robust	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	52	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	119	53	optimized	optimize	VERB
ajst-30548	119	54	model	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	55	structures	structure	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	56	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	119	57	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	58	extraction	extraction	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	59	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	60	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	119	61	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	119	62	highprecision	highprecision	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	63	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	64	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	65	scale	scale	ADJ
ajst-30548	119	66	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	67	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	119	68	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	120	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
ajst-30548	120	2	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	120	3	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	4	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	120	5	deployment	deployment	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	120	8	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	120	9	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	10	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-30548	120	11	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	120	12	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	13	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	14	may	may	AUX
ajst-30548	120	15	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ajst-30548	120	16	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	120	17	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	18	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	19	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	120	20	controlled	control	VERB
ajst-30548	120	21	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	22	settings	setting	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	23	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	120	24	their	their	PRON
ajst-30548	120	25	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	26	ability	ability	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	120	28	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	29	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	120	30	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	120	31	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	120	32	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	120	33	remain	remain	VERB
ajst-30548	120	34	limited	limited	ADJ
ajst-30548	120	35	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	121	1	differences	difference	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	2	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	121	3	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	4	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	5	distributions	distribution	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	6	across	across	ADP
ajst-30548	121	7	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	8	lines	line	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	121	10	equipment	equipment	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	121	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	121	13	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ajst-30548	121	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	15	can	can	AUX
ajst-30548	121	16	lead	lead	VERB
ajst-30548	121	17	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	121	18	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	19	degradation	degradation	NOUN
ajst-30548	121	20	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	122	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
ajst-30548	122	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	122	3	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	122	4	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	5	are	be	AUX
ajst-30548	122	6	often	often	ADV
ajst-30548	122	7	computationally	computationally	ADV
ajst-30548	122	8	intensive	intensive	ADJ
ajst-30548	122	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	122	10	making	make	VERB
ajst-30548	122	11	them	they	PRON
ajst-30548	122	12	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ajst-30548	122	13	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	122	14	deploy	deploy	VERB
ajst-30548	122	15	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	122	16	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	122	17	site	site	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	18	where	where	SCONJ
ajst-30548	122	19	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	122	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	122	21	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	22	performance	performance	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	23	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	122	24	hardware	hardware	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	25	resource	resource	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	26	constraints	constraint	NOUN
ajst-30548	122	27	must	must	AUX
ajst-30548	122	28	be	be	AUX
ajst-30548	122	29	considered	consider	VERB
ajst-30548	122	30	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	123	1	although	although	SCONJ
ajst-30548	123	2	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	3	such	such	ADJ
ajst-30548	123	4	as	as	ADP
ajst-30548	123	5	model	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	6	lightweighting	lightweighting	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	123	8	pruning	pruning	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	123	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	123	11	quantization	quantization	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	12	have	have	AUX
ajst-30548	123	13	been	be	AUX
ajst-30548	123	14	developed	develop	VERB
ajst-30548	123	15	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	123	16	reduce	reduce	VERB
ajst-30548	123	17	computational	computational	ADJ
ajst-30548	123	18	complexity	complexity	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	123	20	achieving	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	123	21	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-30548	123	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	123	23	stable	stable	ADJ
ajst-30548	123	24	deployment	deployment	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	25	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	123	26	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	123	27	settings	setting	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	28	while	while	SCONJ
ajst-30548	123	29	maintaining	maintain	VERB
ajst-30548	123	30	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	31	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	32	still	still	ADV
ajst-30548	123	33	requires	require	VERB
ajst-30548	123	34	further	further	ADJ
ajst-30548	123	35	research	research	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	36	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	123	37	optimization	optimization	NOUN
ajst-30548	123	38	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	1	5	5	X
ajst-30548	124	2	.	.	X
ajst-30548	124	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	4	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	124	5	summary	summary	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	7	deep	deep	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	8	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	10	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	124	11	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	12	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	13	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	14	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	15	has	have	AUX
ajst-30548	124	16	made	make	VERB
ajst-30548	124	17	significant	significant	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	18	strides	stride	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	20	evolving	evolve	VERB
ajst-30548	124	21	from	from	ADP
ajst-30548	124	22	traditional	traditional	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	23	hand	hand	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	24	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	25	crafted	craft	VERB
ajst-30548	124	26	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	27	+	+	CCONJ
ajst-30548	124	28	classifier	classifier	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	29	methods	method	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	30	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	124	31	endto	endto	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	32	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	33	end	end	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	34	cnn	cnn	PROPN
ajst-30548	124	35	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	36	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	124	37	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	38	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	124	39	segmentation	segmentation	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	40	frameworks	framework	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	41	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	42	202	202	NUM
ajst-30548	124	43	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	124	44	further	far	ADV
ajst-30548	124	45	to	to	ADP
ajst-30548	124	46	innovations	innovation	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	47	involving	involve	VERB
ajst-30548	124	48	lightweight	lightweight	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	49	networks	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	50	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	51	cross	cross	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	52	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	53	scale	scale	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	54	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	55	fusion	fusion	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	56	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	124	57	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	124	58	semi	semi	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	59	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	60	supervised	supervised	ADJ
ajst-30548	124	61	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	124	62	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
ajst-30548	125	2	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	125	3	advancements	advancement	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	5	key	key	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	7	remain	remain	VERB
ajst-30548	125	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	9	including	include	VERB
ajst-30548	125	10	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	125	11	scarcity	scarcity	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	125	13	high	high	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	14	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	15	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	16	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	125	17	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	18	datasets	dataset	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	19	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	20	precise	precise	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	21	localization	localization	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	22	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	125	23	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	24	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	25	scale	scale	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	26	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	27	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	28	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	125	29	generalization	generalization	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	30	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	125	31	real	real	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	32	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	125	33	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	34	deployment	deployment	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	35	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	125	36	complex	complex	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	37	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	125	38	environments	environment	NOUN
ajst-30548	125	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	1	looking	look	VERB
ajst-30548	126	2	forward	forward	ADV
ajst-30548	126	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	4	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	126	5	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	126	6	maturation	maturation	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	7	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	126	8	weakly	weakly	ADV
ajst-30548	126	9	supervised	supervised	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	10	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	126	11	self	self	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	12	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	13	supervised	supervise	VERB
ajst-30548	126	14	learning	learning	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	15	techniques	technique	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	16	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	17	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	126	18	integration	integration	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	19	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	126	20	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	21	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	22	source	source	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	23	heterogeneous	heterogeneous	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	24	data	datum	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	25	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	26	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	126	27	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	126	28	design	design	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	29	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	126	30	more	more	ADV
ajst-30548	126	31	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	32	network	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	33	architectures	architecture	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	34	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	35	steel	steel	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	36	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	37	defect	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	38	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	39	is	be	AUX
ajst-30548	126	40	expected	expect	VERB
ajst-30548	126	41	to	to	PART
ajst-30548	126	42	achieve	achieve	VERB
ajst-30548	126	43	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	126	44	better	well	ADJ
ajst-30548	126	45	balance	balance	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	46	among	among	ADP
ajst-30548	126	47	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	48	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	49	speed	speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	50	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	126	51	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	126	52	robustness	robustness	NOUN
ajst-30548	126	53	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	127	1	these	these	DET
ajst-30548	127	2	advancements	advancement	NOUN
ajst-30548	127	3	will	will	AUX
ajst-30548	127	4	play	play	VERB
ajst-30548	127	5	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	127	6	crucial	crucial	ADJ
ajst-30548	127	7	role	role	NOUN
ajst-30548	127	8	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	127	9	supporting	support	VERB
ajst-30548	127	10	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
ajst-30548	127	11	manufacturing	manufacturing	NOUN
ajst-30548	127	12	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	127	13	quality	quality	NOUN
ajst-30548	127	14	control	control	NOUN
ajst-30548	127	15	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-30548	127	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	128	1	references	reference	NOUN
ajst-30548	128	2	[	[	X
ajst-30548	128	3	1	1	X
ajst-30548	128	4	]	]	X
ajst-30548	128	5	besnassi	besnassi	NOUN
ajst-30548	128	6	m	m	PROPN
ajst-30548	128	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	128	8	neggaz	neggaz	PROPN
ajst-30548	128	9	n	n	CCONJ
ajst-30548	128	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	128	11	benyettou	benyettou	ADJ
ajst-30548	128	12	a.	a.	NOUN
ajst-30548	128	13	face	face	NOUN
ajst-30548	128	14	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	128	15	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	128	16	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	128	17	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ
ajst-30548	128	18	haar	haar	PROPN
ajst-30548	128	19	filter[j	filter[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	128	20	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	128	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	129	1	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ajst-30548	129	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajst-30548	129	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	129	4	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	129	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	129	6	2020	2020	NUM
ajst-30548	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	129	8	23	23	NUM
ajst-30548	129	9	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	129	10	309	309	NUM
ajst-30548	129	11	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	129	12	330	330	NUM
ajst-30548	129	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	130	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	130	2	2	2	NUM
ajst-30548	130	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	130	4	zhou	zhou	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	5	h	h	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	130	7	yuan	yuan	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	8	y	y	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	130	10	shi	shi	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	11	c.	c.	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	12	object	object	VERB
ajst-30548	130	13	tracking	tracking	NOUN
ajst-30548	130	14	using	use	VERB
ajst-30548	130	15	sift	sift	ADJ
ajst-30548	130	16	features	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	130	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	130	18	mean	mean	VERB
ajst-30548	130	19	shift[j	shift[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	130	20	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	130	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	131	1	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	131	2	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	131	3	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	131	4	image	image	NOUN
ajst-30548	131	5	understanding	understanding	NOUN
ajst-30548	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	131	7	2009	2009	NUM
ajst-30548	131	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	131	9	113(3	113(3	NUM
ajst-30548	131	10	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	131	11	345	345	NUM
ajst-30548	131	12	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	131	13	352	352	NUM
ajst-30548	131	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	132	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	132	2	3	3	X
ajst-30548	132	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	132	4	dotan	dotan	PROPN
ajst-30548	132	5	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	132	6	cohen	cohen	PROPN
ajst-30548	132	7	d	d	PROPN
ajst-30548	132	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	132	9	melkman	melkman	PROPN
ajst-30548	132	10	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	132	11	a	a	PROPN
ajst-30548	132	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	132	13	kasif	kasif	NOUN
ajst-30548	132	14	s.	s.	PROPN
ajst-30548	132	15	hierarchical	hierarchical	ADJ
ajst-30548	132	16	tree	tree	NOUN
ajst-30548	132	17	snipping	snipping	NOUN
ajst-30548	132	18	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	132	19	clustering	clustering	NOUN
ajst-30548	132	20	guided	guide	VERB
ajst-30548	132	21	by	by	ADP
ajst-30548	132	22	prior	prior	ADJ
ajst-30548	132	23	knowledge[j	knowledge[j	NOUN
ajst-30548	132	24	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	132	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	133	1	bioinformatics	bioinformatic	NOUN
ajst-30548	133	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	133	3	2007	2007	NUM
ajst-30548	133	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	133	5	23(24	23(24	NUM
ajst-30548	133	6	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	133	7	3335	3335	NUM
ajst-30548	133	8	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	133	9	3342	3342	NUM
ajst-30548	133	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	134	2	4	4	NUM
ajst-30548	134	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	134	4	han	han	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	5	h	h	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	7	zhu	zhu	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	8	j	j	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	10	liao	liao	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	11	s	s	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	134	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	16	moving	move	VERB
ajst-30548	134	17	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	134	18	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	134	19	revisited	revisit	VERB
ajst-30548	134	20	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	21	speed	speed	NOUN
ajst-30548	134	22	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	134	23	robustness[j	robustness[j	NOUN
ajst-30548	134	24	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	134	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	135	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	135	2	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ajst-30548	135	3	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	135	4	circuits	circuit	NOUN
ajst-30548	135	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	135	6	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-30548	135	7	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	135	8	video	video	NOUN
ajst-30548	135	9	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	135	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	135	11	2014	2014	NUM
ajst-30548	135	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	135	13	25(6	25(6	NUM
ajst-30548	135	14	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	135	15	910	910	NUM
ajst-30548	135	16	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	135	17	921	921	NUM
ajst-30548	135	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	136	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	136	2	5	5	NUM
ajst-30548	136	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	136	4	zhao	zhao	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	5	q	q	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	136	7	principe	principe	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	8	j	j	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	9	c.	c.	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	10	support	support	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	11	vector	vector	NOUN
ajst-30548	136	12	machines	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	136	13	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	136	14	sar	sar	PROPN
ajst-30548	136	15	automatic	automatic	ADJ
ajst-30548	136	16	target	target	NOUN
ajst-30548	136	17	recognition[j	recognition[j	NOUN
ajst-30548	136	18	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	136	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	137	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	137	2	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ajst-30548	137	3	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	137	4	aerospace	aerospace	NOUN
ajst-30548	137	5	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	137	6	electronic	electronic	ADJ
ajst-30548	137	7	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-30548	137	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	137	9	2001	2001	NUM
ajst-30548	137	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	137	11	37(2	37(2	PRON
ajst-30548	137	12	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	137	13	643	643	NUM
ajst-30548	137	14	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	137	15	654	654	NUM
ajst-30548	137	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	138	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	138	2	6	6	NUM
ajst-30548	138	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	138	4	du	du	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	5	l	l	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	138	7	zhang	zhang	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	8	r	r	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	138	10	wang	wang	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	11	x.	x.	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	12	overview	overview	NOUN
ajst-30548	138	13	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	138	14	two	two	NUM
ajst-30548	138	15	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	138	16	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	138	17	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	138	18	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	138	19	algorithms[c]//journal	algorithms[c]//journal	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	20	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	138	21	physics	physics	PROPN
ajst-30548	138	22	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	138	23	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	138	24	series	series	NOUN
ajst-30548	138	25	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	139	1	iop	iop	PROPN
ajst-30548	139	2	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ajst-30548	139	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	139	4	2020	2020	NUM
ajst-30548	139	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	139	6	1544(1	1544(1	NUM
ajst-30548	139	7	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	139	8	012033	012033	NUM
ajst-30548	139	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	140	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	140	2	7	7	X
ajst-30548	140	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	140	4	chen	chen	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	5	k	k	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	140	7	li	li	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	8	j	j	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	140	10	lin	lin	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	11	w	w	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	140	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	140	15	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	141	1	towards	towards	ADP
ajst-30548	141	2	accurate	accurate	ADJ
ajst-30548	141	3	one	one	NUM
ajst-30548	141	4	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	141	5	stage	stage	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	6	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	7	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	8	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	141	9	ap	ap	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	10	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	141	11	loss[c]//proceedings	loss[c]//proceeding	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	12	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	141	13	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	141	14	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	15	/	/	SYM
ajst-30548	141	16	cvf	cvf	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	17	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	18	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	141	19	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	20	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	21	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	141	22	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	23	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ajst-30548	141	24	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	142	1	2019	2019	NUM
ajst-30548	142	2	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	142	3	5119	5119	NUM
ajst-30548	142	4	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	142	5	5127	5127	NUM
ajst-30548	142	6	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	143	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	143	2	8	8	NUM
ajst-30548	143	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	143	4	jiang	jiang	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	5	h	h	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	143	7	learned	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	143	8	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	143	9	miller	miller	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	10	e.	e.	PROPN
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ajst-30548	143	13	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	143	14	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	143	15	faster	fast	ADJ
ajst-30548	143	16	rcnn[c]//2017	rcnn[c]//2017	NUM
ajst-30548	143	17	12th	12th	ADJ
ajst-30548	143	18	ieee	ieee	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	19	international	international	ADJ
ajst-30548	143	20	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	143	21	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	143	22	automatic	automatic	ADJ
ajst-30548	143	23	face	face	NOUN
ajst-30548	143	24	&	&	CCONJ
ajst-30548	143	25	gesture	gesture	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	26	recognition	recognition	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	27	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	143	28	fg	fg	PROPN
ajst-30548	143	29	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-30548	143	30	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	143	31	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	144	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	144	3	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-30548	144	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	144	5	650	650	NUM
ajst-30548	144	6	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	144	7	657	657	NUM
ajst-30548	144	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	145	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	145	2	9	9	NUM
ajst-30548	145	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	145	4	he	he	PRON
ajst-30548	145	5	k	k	NOUN
ajst-30548	145	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	145	7	gkioxari	gkioxari	NOUN
ajst-30548	145	8	g	g	NOUN
ajst-30548	145	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	145	10	dollár	dollár	NOUN
ajst-30548	145	11	p	p	NOUN
ajst-30548	145	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	145	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	145	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	145	15	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	146	1	mask	mask	NOUN
ajst-30548	146	2	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	146	3	-	-	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	146	5	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	146	6	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	146	7	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	146	8	international	international	PROPN
ajst-30548	146	9	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	146	10	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	146	11	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	146	12	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	146	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	147	1	2017	2017	NUM
ajst-30548	147	2	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	147	3	2961	2961	NUM
ajst-30548	147	4	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	147	5	2969	2969	NUM
ajst-30548	147	6	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	148	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	148	2	10	10	NUM
ajst-30548	148	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	148	4	ren	ren	PROPN
ajst-30548	148	5	s	s	PROPN
ajst-30548	148	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	148	7	he	he	PRON
ajst-30548	148	8	k	k	NOUN
ajst-30548	148	9	,	,	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	148	11	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	148	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	148	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	148	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	148	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	149	1	faster	fast	ADJ
ajst-30548	149	2	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	149	3	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	149	4	cnn	cnn	NOUN
ajst-30548	149	5	:	:	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	149	7	realtime	realtime	ADJ
ajst-30548	149	8	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	149	9	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	149	10	with	with	ADP
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ajst-30548	149	12	proposal	proposal	NOUN
ajst-30548	149	13	networks[j	networks[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	149	14	]	]	X
ajst-30548	149	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	150	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	150	2	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ajst-30548	150	3	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	150	4	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ajst-30548	150	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajst-30548	150	6	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	150	7	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	150	8	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
ajst-30548	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	150	10	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-30548	150	11	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	150	12	39(6	39(6	NUM
ajst-30548	150	13	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	150	14	1137	1137	NUM
ajst-30548	150	15	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	150	16	1149	1149	NUM
ajst-30548	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	151	2	11	11	NUM
ajst-30548	151	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	151	4	liu	liu	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	5	w	w	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	7	anguelov	anguelov	NOUN
ajst-30548	151	8	d	d	NOUN
ajst-30548	151	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	10	erhan	erhan	ADP
ajst-30548	151	11	d	d	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	15	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	16	ssd	ssd	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	17	:	:	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	151	19	shot	shot	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	20	multibox	multibox	PROPN
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ajst-30548	151	23	–	–	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	24	eccv	eccv	NOUN
ajst-30548	151	25	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-30548	151	26	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	27	14th	14th	ADJ
ajst-30548	151	28	european	european	ADJ
ajst-30548	151	29	conference	conference	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	30	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	31	amsterdam	amsterdam	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	32	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	33	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	151	34	netherlands	netherlands	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	35	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	36	october	october	PROPN
ajst-30548	151	37	11–14	11–14	NUM
ajst-30548	151	38	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	39	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-30548	151	40	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	41	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
ajst-30548	151	42	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	151	43	part	part	NOUN
ajst-30548	151	44	i	i	PRON
ajst-30548	151	45	14	14	NUM
ajst-30548	151	46	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	152	1	springer	springer	NOUN
ajst-30548	152	2	international	international	ADJ
ajst-30548	152	3	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ajst-30548	152	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	152	5	2016	2016	NUM
ajst-30548	152	6	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	152	7	21	21	NUM
ajst-30548	152	8	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	152	9	37	37	NUM
ajst-30548	152	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	153	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	153	2	12	12	NUM
ajst-30548	153	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	153	4	shi	shi	PROPN
ajst-30548	153	5	t	t	PROPN
ajst-30548	153	6	,	,	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	153	8	j	j	PROPN
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ajst-30548	153	10	hu	hu	PROPN
ajst-30548	154	1	j	j	PROPN
ajst-30548	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	154	3	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	154	4	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	154	5	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	154	6	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	154	7	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	154	8	enhanced	enhance	VERB
ajst-30548	154	9	centernet	centernet	NOUN
ajst-30548	154	10	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	154	11	small	small	ADJ
ajst-30548	154	12	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	154	13	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	154	14	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	154	15	remote	remote	ADJ
ajst-30548	154	16	sensing	sense	VERB
ajst-30548	154	17	images[j	images[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	154	18	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	154	19	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	155	1	remote	remote	ADJ
ajst-30548	155	2	sensing	sensing	NOUN
ajst-30548	155	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	155	4	2022	2022	NUM
ajst-30548	155	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	155	6	14(21	14(21	NUM
ajst-30548	155	7	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	155	8	5488	5488	NUM
ajst-30548	155	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	156	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	156	2	13	13	NUM
ajst-30548	156	3	]	]	X
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ajst-30548	156	5	j	j	PROPN
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ajst-30548	156	7	li	li	PROPN
ajst-30548	156	8	y	y	PROPN
ajst-30548	156	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	156	10	he	he	PRON
ajst-30548	156	11	k.	k.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	157	1	r	r	X
ajst-30548	157	2	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	157	3	fcn	fcn	NOUN
ajst-30548	157	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	157	5	object	object	VERB
ajst-30548	157	6	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	157	7	via	via	ADP
ajst-30548	157	8	region	region	NOUN
ajst-30548	157	9	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	157	10	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	157	11	fully	fully	ADV
ajst-30548	157	12	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	157	13	networks[j	networks[j	NOUN
ajst-30548	157	14	]	]	X
ajst-30548	157	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	158	1	advances	advance	NOUN
ajst-30548	158	2	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	158	3	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	158	4	information	information	NOUN
ajst-30548	158	5	processing	processing	NOUN
ajst-30548	158	6	systems	system	NOUN
ajst-30548	158	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	158	8	2016:29	2016:29	NUM
ajst-30548	158	9	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	159	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	159	2	14	14	NUM
ajst-30548	159	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	159	4	zhao	zhao	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	5	q	q	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	159	7	sheng	sheng	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	8	t	t	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	159	10	wang	wang	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	11	y	y	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	159	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	15	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	16	m2det	m2det	PROPN
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ajst-30548	159	18	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	159	19	single	single	ADJ
ajst-30548	159	20	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	159	21	shot	shot	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	22	object	object	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	23	detector	detector	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	24	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	159	25	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	159	26	multi	multi	ADJ
ajst-30548	159	27	-	-	ADJ
ajst-30548	159	28	level	level	ADJ
ajst-30548	159	29	feature	feature	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	30	pyramid	pyramid	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	31	network[c]//proceedings	network[c]//proceeding	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	32	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	159	33	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	159	34	aaai	aaai	PROPN
ajst-30548	159	35	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	36	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	159	37	artificial	artificial	ADJ
ajst-30548	159	38	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
ajst-30548	159	39	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	160	1	2019	2019	NUM
ajst-30548	160	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	160	3	33(01	33(01	NUM
ajst-30548	160	4	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	160	5	9259	9259	NUM
ajst-30548	160	6	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	160	7	9266	9266	NUM
ajst-30548	160	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	161	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	161	2	15	15	NUM
ajst-30548	161	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	161	4	yu	yu	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	5	c	c	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	161	7	xiao	xiao	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	8	b	b	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	161	10	gao	gao	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	11	c	c	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	161	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	15	.	.	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	16	lite	lite	PROPN
ajst-30548	161	17	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	161	18	hrnet	hrnet	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	19	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	161	20	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	161	21	lightweight	lightweight	ADJ
ajst-30548	161	22	highresolution	highresolution	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	23	network[c]//proceedings	network[c]//proceeding	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	24	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	161	25	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	161	26	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	27	/	/	SYM
ajst-30548	161	28	cvf	cvf	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	29	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	30	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	161	31	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	32	vision	vision	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	33	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	161	34	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	35	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ajst-30548	161	36	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	162	1	2021	2021	NUM
ajst-30548	162	2	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	162	3	10440	10440	NUM
ajst-30548	162	4	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	162	5	10450	10450	NUM
ajst-30548	162	6	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	163	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	163	2	16	16	NUM
ajst-30548	163	3	]	]	SYM
ajst-30548	163	4	s	s	PART
ajst-30548	163	5	ravikumar	ravikumar	NOUN
ajst-30548	163	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	163	7	k	k	PROPN
ajst-30548	163	8	ramachandran	ramachandran	PROPN
ajst-30548	163	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	163	10	v	v	ADP
ajst-30548	163	11	sugumaran	sugumaran	NOUN
ajst-30548	163	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	164	1	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	164	2	learning	learn	VERB
ajst-30548	164	3	approach	approach	NOUN
ajst-30548	164	4	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	164	5	automated	automate	VERB
ajst-30548	164	6	visual	visual	ADJ
ajst-30548	164	7	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ajst-30548	164	8	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	164	9	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	164	10	components	component	NOUN
ajst-30548	165	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	165	2	j	j	X
ajst-30548	165	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	165	4	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	166	1	expert	expert	ADJ
ajst-30548	166	2	system	system	PROPN
ajst-30548	166	3	swith	swith	PROPN
ajst-30548	166	4	appli	appli	PROPN
ajst-30548	166	5	cations	cation	NOUN
ajst-30548	166	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	166	7	2011	2011	NUM
ajst-30548	166	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	166	9	38(4	38(4	NUM
ajst-30548	166	10	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	166	11	3260	3260	NUM
ajst-30548	166	12	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	166	13	3266	3266	NUM
ajst-30548	166	14	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	167	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	167	2	17	17	NUM
ajst-30548	167	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	167	4	ghobakhloo	ghobakhloo	NOUN
ajst-30548	167	5	m.	m.	NOUN
ajst-30548	167	6	industry	industry	NOUN
ajst-30548	167	7	4.0	4.0	NUM
ajst-30548	167	8	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	167	9	digitization	digitization	NOUN
ajst-30548	167	10	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	167	11	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	167	12	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ajst-30548	167	13	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	167	14	sustainability[j	sustainability[j	NOUN
ajst-30548	167	15	]	]	ADJ
ajst-30548	167	16	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	168	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ajst-30548	168	2	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	168	3	cleaner	clean	ADJ
ajst-30548	168	4	production	production	NOUN
ajst-30548	168	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	168	6	2020	2020	NUM
ajst-30548	168	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	168	8	252	252	NUM
ajst-30548	168	9	:	:	SYM
ajst-30548	168	10	119869	119869	NUM
ajst-30548	168	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	169	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	169	2	18	18	NUM
ajst-30548	169	3	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	169	4	tangbo	tangbo	NOUN
ajst-30548	169	5	b	b	NOUN
ajst-30548	169	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	169	7	jialin	jialin	PROPN
ajst-30548	169	8	g	g	PROPN
ajst-30548	169	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	169	10	jianwei	jianwei	PROPN
ajst-30548	169	11	y	y	PROPN
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ajst-30548	169	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	169	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	169	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	170	1	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	170	2	study	study	NOUN
ajst-30548	170	3	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	170	4	railway	railway	NOUN
ajst-30548	170	5	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	170	6	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	170	7	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	170	8	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	170	9	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	170	10	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	170	11	vision[j	vision[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	170	12	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	170	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	171	1	entropy	entropy	PROPN
ajst-30548	171	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	171	3	2021,23(11):1437	2021,23(11):1437	NUM
ajst-30548	171	4	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	172	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	172	2	19	19	NUM
ajst-30548	172	3	]	]	SYM
ajst-30548	172	4	min	min	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	5	y	y	PROPN
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ajst-30548	172	7	xiao	xiao	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	8	b	b	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	172	10	dang	dang	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	11	j	j	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	172	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	14	al	al	PROPN
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ajst-30548	172	17	time	time	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	18	detection	detection	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	19	system	system	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	20	for	for	ADP
ajst-30548	172	21	rail	rail	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	22	surface	surface	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	23	defects	defect	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	24	based	base	VERB
ajst-30548	172	25	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	172	26	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	27	vision[j].eurasip	vision[j].eurasip	PROPN
ajst-30548	172	28	journal	journal	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	29	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	172	30	image	image	NOUN
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ajst-30548	172	32	video	video	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	33	processing,2018(1):1	processing,2018(1):1	NOUN
ajst-30548	172	34	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	172	35	11	11	NUM
ajst-30548	172	36	.	.	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	173	2	20	20	NUM
ajst-30548	173	3	]	]	X
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ajst-30548	173	9	d	d	PROPN
ajst-30548	173	10	,	,	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	173	13	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	173	14	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	173	15	al	al	PROPN
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ajst-30548	173	18	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	173	19	progress	progress	NOUN
ajst-30548	173	20	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	173	21	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ
ajst-30548	173	22	particle	particle	NOUN
ajst-30548	173	23	inspection[c]//aip	inspection[c]//aip	PROPN
ajst-30548	173	24	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	173	25	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
ajst-30548	173	26	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	174	1	american	american	PROPN
ajst-30548	174	2	institute	institute	PROPN
ajst-30548	174	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	174	4	physics	physics	PROPN
ajst-30548	174	5	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	174	6	2014	2014	NUM
ajst-30548	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	174	8	1581(1	1581(1	NUM
ajst-30548	174	9	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	174	10	1505	1505	NUM
ajst-30548	174	11	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	174	12	1510	1510	NUM
ajst-30548	174	13	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	175	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	175	2	21	21	NUM
ajst-30548	175	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	175	4	zhao	zhao	PROPN
ajst-30548	175	5	y.	y.	PROPN
ajst-30548	175	6	research	research	PROPN
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ajst-30548	175	9	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	175	10	bp	bp	PROPN
ajst-30548	175	11	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	175	12	network	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	175	13	algorithm[c]//2015	algorithm[c]//2015	PROPN
ajst-30548	175	14	international	international	ADJ
ajst-30548	175	15	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ajst-30548	175	16	informatics	informatic	NOUN
ajst-30548	175	17	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	175	18	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	175	19	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ajst-30548	175	20	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	175	21	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	176	1	atlantis	atlantis	PROPN
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ajst-30548	176	3	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	176	4	2015	2015	NUM
ajst-30548	176	5	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	176	6	14441447	14441447	NUM
ajst-30548	176	7	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	177	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	177	2	22	22	NUM
ajst-30548	177	3	]	]	X
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ajst-30548	177	5	r	r	NOUN
ajst-30548	177	6	,	,	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	177	8	s	s	NOUN
ajst-30548	177	9	,	,	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	177	11	d	d	NOUN
ajst-30548	177	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	177	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	177	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	177	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	178	1	an	an	DET
ajst-30548	178	2	overview	overview	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	3	on	on	ADP
ajst-30548	178	4	the	the	DET
ajst-30548	178	5	advancements	advancement	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	6	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	178	7	support	support	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	8	vector	vector	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	9	machine	machine	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	10	models	model	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	11	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	178	12	healthcare	healthcare	PROPN
ajst-30548	178	13	applications	application	NOUN
ajst-30548	178	14	:	:	PUNCT
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ajst-30548	178	16	review[j	review[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	178	17	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	178	18	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	179	1	information	information	NOUN
ajst-30548	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	179	3	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-30548	179	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	179	5	15(4	15(4	NUM
ajst-30548	179	6	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	179	7	235	235	NUM
ajst-30548	179	8	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	180	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	180	2	23	23	NUM
ajst-30548	180	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	180	4	krzyśko	krzyśko	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	5	m	m	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	180	7	nijkamp	nijkamp	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	8	p	p	NOUN
ajst-30548	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	180	10	ratajczak	ratajczak	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	11	w	w	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	180	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	14	al	al	PROPN
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ajst-30548	180	16	spatio	spatio	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	17	-	-	PUNCT
ajst-30548	180	18	temporal	temporal	ADJ
ajst-30548	180	19	principal	principal	ADJ
ajst-30548	180	20	component	component	NOUN
ajst-30548	180	21	analysis[j	analysis[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	180	22	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	180	23	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	181	1	spatial	spatial	ADJ
ajst-30548	181	2	economic	economic	ADJ
ajst-30548	181	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ajst-30548	181	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	181	5	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-30548	181	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	181	7	19(1	19(1	NUM
ajst-30548	181	8	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	181	9	8	8	NUM
ajst-30548	181	10	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	181	11	29	29	NUM
ajst-30548	181	12	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	182	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	182	2	24	24	NUM
ajst-30548	182	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	182	4	zhao	zhao	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	5	x	x	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	182	7	wang	wang	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	8	l	l	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	182	10	zhang	zhang	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	11	y	y	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	182	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	182	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	183	1	a	a	DET
ajst-30548	183	2	review	review	NOUN
ajst-30548	183	3	of	of	ADP
ajst-30548	183	4	convolutional	convolutional	ADJ
ajst-30548	183	5	neural	neural	ADJ
ajst-30548	183	6	networks	network	NOUN
ajst-30548	183	7	in	in	ADP
ajst-30548	183	8	computer	computer	NOUN
ajst-30548	183	9	vision[j	vision[j	PROPN
ajst-30548	183	10	]	]	PUNCT
ajst-30548	183	11	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	184	1	artificial	artificial	ADJ
ajst-30548	184	2	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
ajst-30548	184	3	review	review	NOUN
ajst-30548	184	4	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	184	5	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-30548	184	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	184	7	57(4	57(4	NUM
ajst-30548	184	8	):	):	PUNCT
ajst-30548	184	9	99	99	NUM
ajst-30548	184	10	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	1	[	[	X
ajst-30548	185	2	25	25	NUM
ajst-30548	185	3	]	]	X
ajst-30548	185	4	jiang	jiang	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	5	w	w	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	6	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	7	huang	huang	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	8	x	x	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	9	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	10	lin	lin	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	11	w	w	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	12	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	13	et	et	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	14	al	al	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	15	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	16	power	power	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	17	angle	angle	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	18	prediction	prediction	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	19	with	with	ADP
ajst-30548	185	20	embedded	embed	VERB
ajst-30548	185	21	physics	physics	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	22	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	23	network[c]//2024	network[c]//2024	DET
ajst-30548	185	24	3rd	3rd	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	25	asia	asia	PROPN
ajst-30548	185	26	power	power	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	27	and	and	CCONJ
ajst-30548	185	28	electrical	electrical	ADJ
ajst-30548	185	29	technology	technology	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	30	conference	conference	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	31	(	(	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	32	apet	apet	NOUN
ajst-30548	185	33	)	)	PUNCT
ajst-30548	185	34	.	.	PUNCT
ajst-30548	186	1	ieee	ieee	NOUN
ajst-30548	186	2	,	,	PUNCT
ajst-30548	186	3	2024	2024	NUM
ajst-30548	186	4	:	:	PUNCT
ajst-30548	186	5	333	333	NUM
ajst-30548	186	6	-	-	SYM
ajst-30548	186	7	337	337	NUM
ajst-30548	186	8	.	.	PUNCT