id sid tid token lemma pos ajst-32391 1 1 174 174 NUM ajst-32391 1 2 research research NOUN ajst-32391 1 3 progress progress NOUN ajst-32391 1 4 on on ADP ajst-32391 1 5 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 1 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 1 7 non non ADJ ajst-32391 1 8 - - ADJ ajst-32391 1 9 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 1 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 1 11 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 1 12 guanglong guanglong VERB ajst-32391 1 13 zhang zhang PROPN ajst-32391 1 14 * * PUNCT ajst-32391 1 15 school school NOUN ajst-32391 1 16 of of ADP ajst-32391 1 17 electronic electronic ADJ ajst-32391 1 18 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 1 19 information information NOUN ajst-32391 1 20 engineering engineering NOUN ajst-32391 1 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 1 22 beijing beijing PROPN ajst-32391 1 23 jiaotong jiaotong PROPN ajst-32391 1 24 university university PROPN ajst-32391 1 25 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 1 26 beijing beijing PROPN ajst-32391 1 27 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 1 28 china china PROPN ajst-32391 1 29 * * PUNCT ajst-32391 1 30 corresponding correspond VERB ajst-32391 1 31 author author NOUN ajst-32391 1 32 email email NOUN ajst-32391 1 33 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 1 34 22211317@bjtu.edu.cn 22211317@bjtu.edu.cn NUM ajst-32391 1 35 u u NOUN ajst-32391 1 36 abstract abstract NOUN ajst-32391 1 37 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 2 1 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 2 2 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 2 3 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 2 4 bgr bgr PROPN ajst-32391 2 5 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 2 6 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 2 7 could could AUX ajst-32391 2 8 provide provide VERB ajst-32391 2 9 stable stable ADJ ajst-32391 2 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 2 11 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 2 12 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 2 13 insensitive insensitive ADJ ajst-32391 2 14 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 2 15 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 2 16 or or CCONJ ajst-32391 2 17 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 2 18 that that PRON ajst-32391 2 19 are be AUX ajst-32391 2 20 essential essential ADJ ajst-32391 2 21 to to ADP ajst-32391 2 22 system system NOUN ajst-32391 2 23 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 2 24 level level NOUN ajst-32391 2 25 designs design NOUN ajst-32391 2 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 3 1 these these DET ajst-32391 3 2 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 3 3 are be AUX ajst-32391 3 4 extensively extensively ADV ajst-32391 3 5 employed employ VERB ajst-32391 3 6 in in ADP ajst-32391 3 7 critical critical ADJ ajst-32391 3 8 applications application NOUN ajst-32391 3 9 including include VERB ajst-32391 3 10 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 3 11 regulators regulator NOUN ajst-32391 3 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 3 13 oscillators oscillator NOUN ajst-32391 3 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 3 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 3 16 analog analog NOUN ajst-32391 3 17 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 3 18 to to ADP ajst-32391 3 19 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 3 20 digital digital ADJ ajst-32391 3 21 converters converter NOUN ajst-32391 3 22 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 3 23 adcs adcs ADJ ajst-32391 3 24 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 3 25 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 4 1 continuous continuous ADJ ajst-32391 4 2 advancements advancement NOUN ajst-32391 4 3 in in ADP ajst-32391 4 4 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 4 5 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 4 6 techniques technique NOUN ajst-32391 4 7 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 4 8 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 4 9 process process NOUN ajst-32391 4 10 scaling scaling NOUN ajst-32391 4 11 have have AUX ajst-32391 4 12 significantly significantly ADV ajst-32391 4 13 enhanced enhance VERB ajst-32391 4 14 the the DET ajst-32391 4 15 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 4 16 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 4 17 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 4 18 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 4 19 of of ADP ajst-32391 4 20 modern modern ADJ ajst-32391 4 21 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 4 22 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 4 23 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 4 24 making make VERB ajst-32391 4 25 substantial substantial ADJ ajst-32391 4 26 contributions contribution NOUN ajst-32391 4 27 to to PART ajst-32391 4 28 progress progress VERB ajst-32391 4 29 in in ADP ajst-32391 4 30 electronic electronic ADJ ajst-32391 4 31 engineering engineering NOUN ajst-32391 4 32 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 5 1 this this DET ajst-32391 5 2 study study NOUN ajst-32391 5 3 reviews review VERB ajst-32391 5 4 four four NUM ajst-32391 5 5 classical classical ADJ ajst-32391 5 6 first first ADJ ajst-32391 5 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 5 8 order order NOUN ajst-32391 5 9 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 5 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 5 11 architectures architecture NOUN ajst-32391 5 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 5 13 with with ADP ajst-32391 5 14 particular particular ADJ ajst-32391 5 15 emphasis emphasis NOUN ajst-32391 5 16 on on ADP ajst-32391 5 17 methods method NOUN ajst-32391 5 18 for for ADP ajst-32391 5 19 second second ADJ ajst-32391 5 20 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 5 21 order order NOUN ajst-32391 5 22 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 5 23 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 5 24 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 6 1 furthermore furthermore ADV ajst-32391 6 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 6 3 it it PRON ajst-32391 6 4 presents present VERB ajst-32391 6 5 a a DET ajst-32391 6 6 detailed detailed ADJ ajst-32391 6 7 comparison comparison NOUN ajst-32391 6 8 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 6 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN ajst-32391 6 10 of of ADP ajst-32391 6 11 two two NUM ajst-32391 6 12 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 6 13 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 6 14 only only ADV ajst-32391 6 15 non non ADJ ajst-32391 6 16 - - ADJ ajst-32391 6 17 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 6 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 6 19 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 6 20 topologies topology NOUN ajst-32391 6 21 β€” β€” PUNCT ajst-32391 6 22 namely namely ADV ajst-32391 6 23 those those PRON ajst-32391 6 24 leveraging leverage VERB ajst-32391 6 25 the the DET ajst-32391 6 26 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 6 27 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 6 28 of of ADP ajst-32391 6 29 mosfets mosfet NOUN ajst-32391 6 30 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 6 31 those those PRON ajst-32391 6 32 employing employ VERB ajst-32391 6 33 capacitor capacitor NOUN ajst-32391 6 34 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 6 35 based base VERB ajst-32391 6 36 biasing bias VERB ajst-32391 6 37 techniques technique NOUN ajst-32391 6 38 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 7 1 a a DET ajst-32391 7 2 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ ajst-32391 7 3 comparative comparative ADJ ajst-32391 7 4 analysis analysis NOUN ajst-32391 7 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 7 6 key key ADJ ajst-32391 7 7 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 7 8 metrics metric NOUN ajst-32391 7 9 between between ADP ajst-32391 7 10 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 7 11 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 7 12 non non ADJ ajst-32391 7 13 - - ADJ ajst-32391 7 14 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 7 15 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 7 16 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 7 17 is be AUX ajst-32391 7 18 provided provide VERB ajst-32391 7 19 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 8 1 this this DET ajst-32391 8 2 research research NOUN ajst-32391 8 3 summarizes summarize VERB ajst-32391 8 4 the the DET ajst-32391 8 5 architectural architectural ADJ ajst-32391 8 6 differences difference NOUN ajst-32391 8 7 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 8 8 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 8 9 trade trade NOUN ajst-32391 8 10 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 8 11 offs off NOUN ajst-32391 8 12 between between ADP ajst-32391 8 13 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 8 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 8 15 non non ADJ ajst-32391 8 16 - - ADJ ajst-32391 8 17 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 8 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 8 19 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 8 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 8 21 offering offer VERB ajst-32391 8 22 valuable valuable ADJ ajst-32391 8 23 perspectives perspective NOUN ajst-32391 8 24 for for ADP ajst-32391 8 25 addressing address VERB ajst-32391 8 26 critical critical ADJ ajst-32391 8 27 challenges challenge NOUN ajst-32391 8 28 such such ADJ ajst-32391 8 29 as as ADP ajst-32391 8 30 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 8 31 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 9 1 keywords keyword NOUN ajst-32391 9 2 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 9 3 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 9 4 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 9 5 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 9 6 second second ADJ ajst-32391 9 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 9 8 order order NOUN ajst-32391 9 9 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 9 10 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 9 11 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 9 12 non non ADJ ajst-32391 9 13 - - ADJ ajst-32391 9 14 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 9 15 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 9 16 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 10 1 1 1 X ajst-32391 10 2 . . X ajst-32391 10 3 introduction introduction NOUN ajst-32391 10 4 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 10 5 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 10 6 serve serve VERB ajst-32391 10 7 as as ADP ajst-32391 10 8 essential essential ADJ ajst-32391 10 9 modules module NOUN ajst-32391 10 10 in in ADP ajst-32391 10 11 mixed mixed ADJ ajst-32391 10 12 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 10 13 signal signal NOUN ajst-32391 10 14 integrated integrate VERB ajst-32391 10 15 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 10 16 which which PRON ajst-32391 10 17 deliver deliver VERB ajst-32391 10 18 a a DET ajst-32391 10 19 thermally thermally ADV ajst-32391 10 20 stable stable ADJ ajst-32391 10 21 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 10 22 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 10 23 or or CCONJ ajst-32391 10 24 current current ADJ ajst-32391 10 25 to to ADP ajst-32391 10 26 the the DET ajst-32391 10 27 system system NOUN ajst-32391 10 28 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 10 29 thereby thereby ADV ajst-32391 10 30 establishing establish VERB ajst-32391 10 31 a a DET ajst-32391 10 32 unified unified ADJ ajst-32391 10 33 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 10 34 value value NOUN ajst-32391 10 35 for for ADP ajst-32391 10 36 consistent consistent ADJ ajst-32391 10 37 operation operation NOUN ajst-32391 10 38 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 11 1 these these DET ajst-32391 11 2 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 11 3 are be AUX ajst-32391 11 4 extensively extensively ADV ajst-32391 11 5 utilized utilize VERB ajst-32391 11 6 in in ADP ajst-32391 11 7 a a DET ajst-32391 11 8 variety variety NOUN ajst-32391 11 9 of of ADP ajst-32391 11 10 critical critical ADJ ajst-32391 11 11 applications application NOUN ajst-32391 11 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 11 13 including include VERB ajst-32391 11 14 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 11 15 regulators regulator NOUN ajst-32391 11 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 11 17 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 11 18 oscillators oscillator NOUN ajst-32391 11 19 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 12 1 in in ADP ajst-32391 12 2 contrast contrast NOUN ajst-32391 12 3 to to ADP ajst-32391 12 4 conventional conventional ADJ ajst-32391 12 5 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 12 6 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 12 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 12 8 non non ADJ ajst-32391 12 9 - - ADJ ajst-32391 12 10 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 12 11 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 12 12 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 12 13 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 12 14 only only ADV ajst-32391 12 15 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 12 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 12 17 architectures architecture NOUN ajst-32391 12 18 offer offer VERB ajst-32391 12 19 advantages advantage NOUN ajst-32391 12 20 such such ADJ ajst-32391 12 21 as as ADP ajst-32391 12 22 compact compact ADJ ajst-32391 12 23 area area NOUN ajst-32391 12 24 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 12 25 low low ADJ ajst-32391 12 26 power power NOUN ajst-32391 12 27 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 12 28 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 12 29 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 12 30 structural structural ADJ ajst-32391 12 31 simplicity simplicity NOUN ajst-32391 12 32 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 13 1 however however ADV ajst-32391 13 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 13 3 they they PRON ajst-32391 13 4 typically typically ADV ajst-32391 13 5 suffer suffer VERB ajst-32391 13 6 from from ADP ajst-32391 13 7 limited limited ADJ ajst-32391 13 8 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 13 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 13 10 poor poor ADJ ajst-32391 13 11 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 13 12 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 13 13 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 14 1 recent recent ADJ ajst-32391 14 2 advancements advancement NOUN ajst-32391 14 3 in in ADP ajst-32391 14 4 analog analog NOUN ajst-32391 14 5 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 14 6 mixed mixed ADJ ajst-32391 14 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 14 8 signal signal NOUN ajst-32391 14 9 ic ic PROPN ajst-32391 14 10 design design PROPN ajst-32391 14 11 have have AUX ajst-32391 14 12 introduced introduce VERB ajst-32391 14 13 challenges challenge NOUN ajst-32391 14 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 14 15 including include VERB ajst-32391 14 16 stringent stringent ADJ ajst-32391 14 17 power power NOUN ajst-32391 14 18 constraints constraint NOUN ajst-32391 14 19 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 14 20 low low ADJ ajst-32391 14 21 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 14 22 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 14 23 operating operating NOUN ajst-32391 14 24 ranges range NOUN ajst-32391 14 25 for for ADP ajst-32391 14 26 data datum NOUN ajst-32391 14 27 converters converter NOUN ajst-32391 14 28 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 14 29 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 14 30 noise noise NOUN ajst-32391 14 31 in in ADP ajst-32391 14 32 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 14 33 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 14 34 generation generation NOUN ajst-32391 14 35 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 15 1 these these DET ajst-32391 15 2 issues issue NOUN ajst-32391 15 3 necessitate necessitate ADJ ajst-32391 15 4 highly highly ADV ajst-32391 15 5 accurate accurate ADJ ajst-32391 15 6 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 15 7 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 15 8 generators generator NOUN ajst-32391 15 9 to to PART ajst-32391 15 10 ensure ensure VERB ajst-32391 15 11 precise precise ADJ ajst-32391 15 12 system system NOUN ajst-32391 15 13 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 15 14 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 16 1 this this DET ajst-32391 16 2 paper paper NOUN ajst-32391 16 3 presents present VERB ajst-32391 16 4 a a DET ajst-32391 16 5 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ ajst-32391 16 6 review review NOUN ajst-32391 16 7 of of ADP ajst-32391 16 8 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 16 9 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 16 10 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 16 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 17 1 sections section NOUN ajst-32391 17 2 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 17 3 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 17 4 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 17 5 analyze analyze NOUN ajst-32391 17 6 classical classical ADJ ajst-32391 17 7 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 17 8 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 17 9 architectures architecture NOUN ajst-32391 17 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 17 11 topologies topology NOUN ajst-32391 17 12 for for ADP ajst-32391 17 13 second second ADJ ajst-32391 17 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 17 15 order order NOUN ajst-32391 17 16 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 17 17 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 17 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 18 1 section section NOUN ajst-32391 18 2 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 18 3 provides provide VERB ajst-32391 18 4 a a DET ajst-32391 18 5 comparative comparative ADJ ajst-32391 18 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN ajst-32391 18 7 of of ADP ajst-32391 18 8 non non ADJ ajst-32391 18 9 - - ADJ ajst-32391 18 10 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 18 11 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 18 12 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 18 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 18 14 highlighting highlight VERB ajst-32391 18 15 their their PRON ajst-32391 18 16 strengths strength NOUN ajst-32391 18 17 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 18 18 limitations limitation NOUN ajst-32391 18 19 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 19 1 finally finally ADV ajst-32391 19 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 19 3 sections section NOUN ajst-32391 19 4 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 19 5 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 19 6 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 19 7 discuss discuss VERB ajst-32391 19 8 recent recent ADJ ajst-32391 19 9 research research NOUN ajst-32391 19 10 progress progress NOUN ajst-32391 19 11 in in ADP ajst-32391 19 12 both both CCONJ ajst-32391 19 13 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 19 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 19 15 non non ADJ ajst-32391 19 16 - - ADJ ajst-32391 19 17 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 19 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 19 19 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 19 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 20 1 2 2 X ajst-32391 20 2 . . X ajst-32391 20 3 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 20 4 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 20 5 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 20 6 2.1 2.1 NUM ajst-32391 20 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 21 1 principles principle NOUN ajst-32391 21 2 of of ADP ajst-32391 21 3 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 21 4 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 21 5 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 21 6 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 21 7 components component NOUN ajst-32391 21 8 in in ADP ajst-32391 21 9 electronic electronic ADJ ajst-32391 21 10 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 21 11 often often ADV ajst-32391 21 12 exhibit exhibit VERB ajst-32391 21 13 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 21 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 21 15 dependent dependent ADJ ajst-32391 21 16 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 21 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 22 1 for for ADP ajst-32391 22 2 instance instance NOUN ajst-32391 22 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 22 4 the the DET ajst-32391 22 5 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 22 6 of of ADP ajst-32391 22 7 a a DET ajst-32391 22 8 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 22 9 varies vary VERB ajst-32391 22 10 with with ADP ajst-32391 22 11 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 22 12 β€” β€” PUNCT ajst-32391 22 13 a a DET ajst-32391 22 14 functional functional ADJ ajst-32391 22 15 relationship relationship NOUN ajst-32391 22 16 known know VERB ajst-32391 22 17 as as ADP ajst-32391 22 18 the the DET ajst-32391 22 19 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 22 20 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 22 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 23 1 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 23 2 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 23 3 are be AUX ajst-32391 23 4 generally generally ADV ajst-32391 23 5 categorized categorize VERB ajst-32391 23 6 as as ADP ajst-32391 23 7 positive positive ADJ ajst-32391 23 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 23 9 ptc ptc NOUN ajst-32391 23 10 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 23 11 or or CCONJ ajst-32391 23 12 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 23 13 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 23 14 ntc ntc NOUN ajst-32391 23 15 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 23 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 23 17 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 23 18 their their PRON ajst-32391 23 19 variation variation NOUN ajst-32391 23 20 with with ADP ajst-32391 23 21 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 23 22 may may AUX ajst-32391 23 23 involve involve VERB ajst-32391 23 24 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 23 25 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 23 26 order order NOUN ajst-32391 23 27 functions function NOUN ajst-32391 23 28 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 24 1 175 175 NUM ajst-32391 24 2 the the DET ajst-32391 24 3 key key NOUN ajst-32391 24 4 to to ADP ajst-32391 24 5 a a DET ajst-32391 24 6 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 24 7 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 24 8 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 24 9 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 24 10 is be AUX ajst-32391 24 11 using use VERB ajst-32391 24 12 two two NUM ajst-32391 24 13 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 24 14 components component NOUN ajst-32391 24 15 with with ADP ajst-32391 24 16 opposing oppose VERB ajst-32391 24 17 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 24 18 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 24 19 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 24 20 which which PRON ajst-32391 24 21 cancel cancel VERB ajst-32391 24 22 each each DET ajst-32391 24 23 other other ADJ ajst-32391 24 24 to to PART ajst-32391 24 25 deliver deliver VERB ajst-32391 24 26 a a DET ajst-32391 24 27 stable stable ADJ ajst-32391 24 28 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 24 29 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 24 30 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 25 1 2.2 2.2 NUM ajst-32391 25 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 26 1 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 26 2 metrics metric NOUN ajst-32391 26 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 26 4 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 26 5 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 26 6 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 26 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 26 8 a a DET ajst-32391 26 9 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 26 10 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 26 11 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 26 12 conventionally conventionally ADV ajst-32391 26 13 denoted denote VERB ajst-32391 26 14 as as ADP ajst-32391 26 15 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 NOUN ajst-32391 26 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 26 17 is be AUX ajst-32391 26 18 delivered deliver VERB ajst-32391 26 19 by by ADP ajst-32391 26 20 complementary complementary ADJ ajst-32391 26 21 positive positive ADJ ajst-32391 26 22 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 26 23 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 26 24 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 26 25 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 26 26 in in ADP ajst-32391 26 27 the the DET ajst-32391 26 28 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 26 29 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 26 30 leverages leverage NOUN ajst-32391 26 31 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 27 1 key key ADJ ajst-32391 27 2 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 27 3 metrics metric NOUN ajst-32391 27 4 commonly commonly ADV ajst-32391 27 5 evaluated evaluate VERB ajst-32391 27 6 for for ADP ajst-32391 27 7 such such ADJ ajst-32391 27 8 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 27 9 include include VERB ajst-32391 27 10 the the DET ajst-32391 27 11 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 27 12 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 27 13 value value NOUN ajst-32391 27 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 27 15 operating operate VERB ajst-32391 27 16 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 27 17 range range NOUN ajst-32391 27 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 27 19 power power NOUN ajst-32391 27 20 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 27 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 27 22 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 27 23 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 27 24 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 27 25 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 27 26 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 27 27 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 28 1 the the DET ajst-32391 28 2 effective effective ADJ ajst-32391 28 3 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 28 4 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 28 5 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 28 6 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 28 7 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 28 8 is be AUX ajst-32391 28 9 a a DET ajst-32391 28 10 widely widely ADV ajst-32391 28 11 adopted adopt VERB ajst-32391 28 12 metric metric ADJ ajst-32391 28 13 for for ADP ajst-32391 28 14 characterizing characterize VERB ajst-32391 28 15 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 28 16 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 28 17 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 28 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 29 1 it it PRON ajst-32391 29 2 is be AUX ajst-32391 29 3 defined define VERB ajst-32391 29 4 as as ADP ajst-32391 29 5 the the DET ajst-32391 29 6 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 29 7 of of ADP ajst-32391 29 8 the the DET ajst-32391 29 9 relative relative ADJ ajst-32391 29 10 change change NOUN ajst-32391 29 11 in in ADP ajst-32391 29 12 the the DET ajst-32391 29 13 output output NOUN ajst-32391 29 14 quantity quantity NOUN ajst-32391 29 15 to to ADP ajst-32391 29 16 the the DET ajst-32391 29 17 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 29 18 change change NOUN ajst-32391 29 19 across across ADP ajst-32391 29 20 a a DET ajst-32391 29 21 specified specified ADJ ajst-32391 29 22 operating operating NOUN ajst-32391 29 23 range range NOUN ajst-32391 29 24 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 30 1 for for ADP ajst-32391 30 2 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 30 3 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 30 4 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 30 5 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 30 6 the the DET ajst-32391 30 7 output output NOUN ajst-32391 30 8 quantity quantity NOUN ajst-32391 30 9 corresponds correspond VERB ajst-32391 30 10 to to ADP ajst-32391 30 11 the the DET ajst-32391 30 12 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 30 13 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 30 14 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 30 15 vref vref NOUN ajst-32391 30 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 30 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 31 1 the the DET ajst-32391 31 2 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 31 3 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 31 4 is be AUX ajst-32391 31 5 commonly commonly ADV ajst-32391 31 6 normalized normalize VERB ajst-32391 31 7 with with ADP ajst-32391 31 8 respect respect NOUN ajst-32391 31 9 to to ADP ajst-32391 31 10 its its PRON ajst-32391 31 11 value value NOUN ajst-32391 31 12 at at ADP ajst-32391 31 13 25 25 NUM ajst-32391 31 14 Β° Β° NUM ajst-32391 31 15 c(vrefnom c(vrefnom NOUN ajst-32391 31 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 31 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 32 1 the the DET ajst-32391 32 2 expression expression NOUN ajst-32391 32 3 is be AUX ajst-32391 32 4 given give VERB ajst-32391 32 5 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 32 6 follows follow VERB ajst-32391 32 7 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 33 1 𝑇𝐢 𝑇𝐢 PROPN ajst-32391 33 2 = = SYM ajst-32391 33 3 π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉπ‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯ π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉπ‘šπ‘Žπ‘₯ PROPN ajst-32391 33 4 βˆ’ βˆ’ ADP ajst-32391 33 5 π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉπ‘šπ‘–π‘› π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉπ‘šπ‘–π‘› NOUN ajst-32391 33 6 π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉπ‘›π‘œπ‘š π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉπ‘›π‘œπ‘š NOUN ajst-32391 33 7 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 33 8 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 33 9 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 33 10 2.3 2.3 NUM ajst-32391 33 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 34 1 classical classical ADJ ajst-32391 34 2 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 34 3 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 34 4 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 34 5 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 34 6 the the DET ajst-32391 34 7 earliest early ADJ ajst-32391 34 8 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 34 9 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 34 10 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 34 11 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 34 12 was be AUX ajst-32391 34 13 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 34 14 by by ADP ajst-32391 34 15 american american PROPN ajst-32391 34 16 engineer engineer PROPN ajst-32391 34 17 robert robert PROPN ajst-32391 34 18 widlar widlar PROPN ajst-32391 34 19 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 35 1 a a DET ajst-32391 35 2 key key ADJ ajst-32391 35 3 aspect aspect NOUN ajst-32391 35 4 of of ADP ajst-32391 35 5 the the DET ajst-32391 35 6 design design NOUN ajst-32391 35 7 involves involve VERB ajst-32391 35 8 leveraging leverage VERB ajst-32391 35 9 the the DET ajst-32391 35 10 complementary complementary ADJ ajst-32391 35 11 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 35 12 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 35 13 of of ADP ajst-32391 35 14 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 35 15 devices device NOUN ajst-32391 35 16 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 35 17 the the DET ajst-32391 35 18 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 35 19 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 35 20 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 35 21 inherent inherent ADJ ajst-32391 35 22 in in ADP ajst-32391 35 23 the the DET ajst-32391 35 24 base base NOUN ajst-32391 35 25 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 35 26 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 35 27 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 35 28 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 35 29 βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ PROPN ajst-32391 35 30 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 35 31 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 35 32 combined combine VERB ajst-32391 35 33 with with ADP ajst-32391 35 34 the the DET ajst-32391 35 35 positive positive ADJ ajst-32391 35 36 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 35 37 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 35 38 exhibited exhibit VERB ajst-32391 35 39 by by ADP ajst-32391 35 40 the the DET ajst-32391 35 41 difference difference NOUN ajst-32391 35 42 in in ADP ajst-32391 35 43 base base NOUN ajst-32391 35 44 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 35 45 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 35 46 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 35 47 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 35 48 βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ PROPN ajst-32391 35 49 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 35 50 between between ADP ajst-32391 35 51 two two NUM ajst-32391 35 52 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 35 53 biased bias VERB ajst-32391 35 54 at at ADP ajst-32391 35 55 different different ADJ ajst-32391 35 56 current current ADJ ajst-32391 35 57 densities density NOUN ajst-32391 35 58 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 36 1 by by ADP ajst-32391 36 2 summing sum VERB ajst-32391 36 3 these these DET ajst-32391 36 4 two two NUM ajst-32391 36 5 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 36 6 components component NOUN ajst-32391 36 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 36 8 a a DET ajst-32391 36 9 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 36 10 zero zero NUM ajst-32391 36 11 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 36 12 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 36 13 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 36 14 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 36 15 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 36 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 36 17 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 36 18 was be AUX ajst-32391 36 19 achieved achieve VERB ajst-32391 36 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 37 1 subsequently subsequently ADV ajst-32391 37 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 37 3 researchers researcher NOUN ajst-32391 37 4 including include VERB ajst-32391 37 5 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 37 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 37 7 brokaw brokaw NOUN ajst-32391 37 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 37 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 37 10 banba banba PROPN ajst-32391 37 11 further far ADV ajst-32391 37 12 optimized optimize VERB ajst-32391 37 13 the the DET ajst-32391 37 14 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 37 15 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 37 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 37 17 enhancing enhance VERB ajst-32391 37 18 the the DET ajst-32391 37 19 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 37 20 of of ADP ajst-32391 37 21 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 37 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 38 1 to to ADP ajst-32391 38 2 this this DET ajst-32391 38 3 day day NOUN ajst-32391 38 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 38 5 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 38 6 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 38 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 38 8 continue continue VERB ajst-32391 38 9 to to PART ajst-32391 38 10 evolve evolve VERB ajst-32391 38 11 based base VERB ajst-32391 38 12 on on ADP ajst-32391 38 13 extensions extension NOUN ajst-32391 38 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 38 15 refinements refinement NOUN ajst-32391 38 16 of of ADP ajst-32391 38 17 this this DET ajst-32391 38 18 classical classical ADJ ajst-32391 38 19 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 38 20 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 38 21 framework framework NOUN ajst-32391 38 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 39 1 2.3.1 2.3.1 NUM ajst-32391 39 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 39 3 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 39 4 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 39 5 the the DET ajst-32391 39 6 first first ADJ ajst-32391 39 7 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 39 8 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 39 9 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 39 10 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 39 11 was be AUX ajst-32391 39 12 introduced introduce VERB ajst-32391 39 13 by by ADP ajst-32391 39 14 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 39 15 [ [ X ajst-32391 39 16 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 39 17 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 39 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 40 1 its its PRON ajst-32391 40 2 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 40 3 is be AUX ajst-32391 40 4 implemented implement VERB ajst-32391 40 5 using use VERB ajst-32391 40 6 conventional conventional ADJ ajst-32391 40 7 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 40 8 circuitry circuitry NOUN ajst-32391 40 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 40 10 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 40 11 illustrated illustrate VERB ajst-32391 40 12 in in ADP ajst-32391 40 13 figure figure NOUN ajst-32391 40 14 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 40 15 below below ADV ajst-32391 40 16 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 41 1 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 41 2 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 41 3 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 41 4 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 41 5 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 41 6 of of ADP ajst-32391 41 7 the the DET ajst-32391 41 8 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 41 9 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 41 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 41 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 42 1 the the DET ajst-32391 42 2 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 42 3 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 42 4 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 42 5 equals equal VERB ajst-32391 42 6 the the DET ajst-32391 42 7 collector collector NOUN ajst-32391 42 8 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 42 9 of of ADP ajst-32391 42 10 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 42 11 transistor transistor NOUN ajst-32391 42 12 𝑄3 𝑄3 NOUN ajst-32391 42 13 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 43 1 the the DET ajst-32391 43 2 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 43 3 difference difference NOUN ajst-32391 43 4 βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ PROPN ajst-32391 43 5 is be AUX ajst-32391 43 6 derived derive VERB ajst-32391 43 7 from from ADP ajst-32391 43 8 the the DET ajst-32391 43 9 unequal unequal ADJ ajst-32391 43 10 current current ADJ ajst-32391 43 11 densities density NOUN ajst-32391 43 12 in in ADP ajst-32391 43 13 𝑄2 𝑄2 PROPN ajst-32391 43 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 43 15 𝑄1 𝑄1 PROPN ajst-32391 43 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 43 17 which which PRON ajst-32391 43 18 carry carry VERB ajst-32391 43 19 identical identical ADJ ajst-32391 43 20 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 43 21 but but CCONJ ajst-32391 43 22 differ differ VERB ajst-32391 43 23 in in ADP ajst-32391 43 24 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 43 25 junction junction NOUN ajst-32391 43 26 area area NOUN ajst-32391 43 27 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 44 1 176 176 NUM ajst-32391 44 2 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 44 3 𝑄1 𝑄1 VERB ajst-32391 44 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 44 5 𝑄2 𝑄2 PROPN ajst-32391 44 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 44 7 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 44 8 𝑄3 𝑄3 NOUN ajst-32391 44 9 are be AUX ajst-32391 44 10 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 44 11 of of ADP ajst-32391 44 12 the the DET ajst-32391 44 13 same same ADJ ajst-32391 44 14 type type NOUN ajst-32391 44 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 44 16 but but CCONJ ajst-32391 44 17 q2 q2 NOUN ajst-32391 44 18 has have VERB ajst-32391 44 19 an an DET ajst-32391 44 20 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 44 21 junction junction NOUN ajst-32391 44 22 area area NOUN ajst-32391 44 23 different different ADJ ajst-32391 44 24 from from ADP ajst-32391 44 25 those those PRON ajst-32391 44 26 of of ADP ajst-32391 44 27 q1 q1 PROPN ajst-32391 44 28 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 44 29 q3 q3 PROPN ajst-32391 44 30 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 45 1 the the DET ajst-32391 45 2 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 45 3 area area NOUN ajst-32391 45 4 of of ADP ajst-32391 45 5 𝑄2 𝑄2 PROPN ajst-32391 45 6 is be AUX ajst-32391 45 7 n n PRON ajst-32391 45 8 times time NOUN ajst-32391 45 9 that that PRON ajst-32391 45 10 of of ADP ajst-32391 45 11 𝑄1 𝑄1 PROPN ajst-32391 45 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 46 1 q1 q1 PROPN ajst-32391 46 2 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 46 3 q3 q3 PROPN ajst-32391 46 4 are be AUX ajst-32391 46 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 46 6 the the DET ajst-32391 46 7 same same ADJ ajst-32391 46 8 type type NOUN ajst-32391 46 9 with with ADP ajst-32391 46 10 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 46 11 base base NOUN ajst-32391 46 12 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 46 13 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 46 14 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 46 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 46 16 as as ADP ajst-32391 46 17 vbe1 vbe1 PROPN ajst-32391 46 18 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 46 19 vbe3 vbe3 PROPN ajst-32391 46 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 47 1 the the DET ajst-32391 47 2 resistances resistance NOUN ajst-32391 47 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 47 4 r1 r1 PROPN ajst-32391 47 5 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 47 6 r2 r2 PROPN ajst-32391 47 7 are be AUX ajst-32391 47 8 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 47 9 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 48 1 according accord VERB ajst-32391 48 2 to to ADP ajst-32391 48 3 ohm ohm PROPN ajst-32391 48 4 's 's PART ajst-32391 48 5 law law NOUN ajst-32391 48 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 48 7 the the DET ajst-32391 48 8 following follow VERB ajst-32391 48 9 relationship relationship NOUN ajst-32391 48 10 holds hold VERB ajst-32391 48 11 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 48 12 ir1 ir1 VERB ajst-32391 48 13 = = SYM ajst-32391 48 14 ir2 ir2 NOUN ajst-32391 48 15 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 49 1 given give VERB ajst-32391 49 2 that that DET ajst-32391 49 3 q1 q1 PROPN ajst-32391 49 4 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 49 5 q2 q2 NOUN ajst-32391 49 6 operate operate VERB ajst-32391 49 7 at at ADP ajst-32391 49 8 same same ADJ ajst-32391 49 9 current current ADJ ajst-32391 49 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 49 11 different different ADJ ajst-32391 49 12 area area NOUN ajst-32391 49 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 49 14 the the DET ajst-32391 49 15 difference difference NOUN ajst-32391 49 16 in in ADP ajst-32391 49 17 their their PRON ajst-32391 49 18 baseemitter baseemitter NOUN ajst-32391 49 19 voltages(βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ voltages(βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ NOUN ajst-32391 49 20 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 49 21 can can AUX ajst-32391 49 22 be be AUX ajst-32391 49 23 satisfied satisfied ADJ ajst-32391 49 24 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 49 25 βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ βˆ†π‘‰π΅πΈ PROPN ajst-32391 49 26 = = SYM ajst-32391 49 27 𝑉𝐡𝐸1 𝑉𝐡𝐸1 PROPN ajst-32391 49 28 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 49 29 𝑉𝐡𝐸2 𝑉𝐡𝐸2 PROPN ajst-32391 49 30 = = SYM ajst-32391 49 31 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 49 32 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 49 33 𝐼𝐢1 𝐼𝐢1 PROPN ajst-32391 49 34 𝐼𝑆1 𝐼𝑆1 PROPN ajst-32391 49 35 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 50 1 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 51 1 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 51 2 𝐼𝐢2 𝐼𝐢2 PROPN ajst-32391 51 3 𝐼𝑆2 𝐼𝑆2 PROPN ajst-32391 51 4 = = PROPN ajst-32391 51 5 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 51 6 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 51 7 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN ajst-32391 51 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 51 9 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 51 10 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 51 11 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 51 12 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 51 13 denotes denote VERB ajst-32391 51 14 the the DET ajst-32391 51 15 thermal thermal ADJ ajst-32391 51 16 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 51 17 of of ADP ajst-32391 51 18 the the DET ajst-32391 51 19 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 51 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 51 21 which which PRON ajst-32391 51 22 is be AUX ajst-32391 51 23 proportional proportional ADJ ajst-32391 51 24 to to ADP ajst-32391 51 25 absolute absolute ADJ ajst-32391 51 26 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 51 27 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 52 1 assuming assume VERB ajst-32391 52 2 negligible negligible ADJ ajst-32391 52 3 base base NOUN ajst-32391 52 4 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 52 5 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 52 6 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 52 7 resistances resistance NOUN ajst-32391 52 8 𝑅2 𝑅2 ADP ajst-32391 52 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 52 10 𝑅3 𝑅3 PROPN ajst-32391 52 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 53 1 the the DET ajst-32391 53 2 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 53 3 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 53 4 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 53 5 can can AUX ajst-32391 53 6 be be AUX ajst-32391 53 7 satisfied satisfied ADJ ajst-32391 53 8 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 53 9 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 53 10 = = SYM ajst-32391 53 11 𝑉𝐡𝐸3 𝑉𝐡𝐸3 X ajst-32391 53 12 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 53 13 𝑅2 𝑅2 NOUN ajst-32391 53 14 𝑅3 𝑅3 PROPN ajst-32391 53 15 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 53 16 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN ajst-32391 53 17 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 53 18 3 3 X ajst-32391 53 19 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 53 20 the the DET ajst-32391 53 21 following follow VERB ajst-32391 53 22 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 53 23 could could AUX ajst-32391 53 24 ensure ensure VERB ajst-32391 53 25 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 53 26 independence independence NOUN ajst-32391 53 27 of of ADP ajst-32391 53 28 the the DET ajst-32391 53 29 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 53 30 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 53 31 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 53 32 πœ•π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉ πœ•π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉ VERB ajst-32391 53 33 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ X ajst-32391 53 34 = = SYM ajst-32391 53 35 0 0 PUNCT ajst-32391 53 36 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 53 37 4 4 X ajst-32391 53 38 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 53 39 solving solve VERB ajst-32391 53 40 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 53 41 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 53 42 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 53 43 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 53 44 under under ADP ajst-32391 53 45 this this DET ajst-32391 53 46 constraint constraint NOUN ajst-32391 53 47 yields yield VERB ajst-32391 53 48 a a DET ajst-32391 53 49 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 53 50 value value NOUN ajst-32391 53 51 of of ADP ajst-32391 53 52 approximately approximately ADV ajst-32391 53 53 1.2 1.2 NUM ajst-32391 53 54 v.as v.as VERB ajst-32391 53 55 indicated indicate VERB ajst-32391 53 56 by by ADP ajst-32391 53 57 the the DET ajst-32391 53 58 above above ADJ ajst-32391 53 59 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 53 60 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 53 61 the the DET ajst-32391 53 62 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 53 63 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 53 64 of of ADP ajst-32391 53 65 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 53 66 in in ADP ajst-32391 53 67 this this DET ajst-32391 53 68 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 53 69 is be AUX ajst-32391 53 70 mostly mostly ADV ajst-32391 53 71 determined determine VERB ajst-32391 53 72 by by ADP ajst-32391 53 73 resistors resistor NOUN ajst-32391 53 74 𝑅2 𝑅2 NOUN ajst-32391 53 75 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 53 76 𝑅3 𝑅3 PROPN ajst-32391 53 77 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 53 78 the the DET ajst-32391 53 79 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 53 80 area area NOUN ajst-32391 53 81 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 53 82 of of ADP ajst-32391 53 83 the the DET ajst-32391 53 84 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 53 85 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 53 86 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 54 1 therefore therefore ADV ajst-32391 54 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 54 3 satisfying satisfy VERB ajst-32391 54 4 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 54 5 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 54 6 4 4 X ajst-32391 54 7 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 54 8 can can AUX ajst-32391 54 9 be be AUX ajst-32391 54 10 achieved achieve VERB ajst-32391 54 11 by by ADP ajst-32391 54 12 adjusting adjust VERB ajst-32391 54 13 the the DET ajst-32391 54 14 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 54 15 area area NOUN ajst-32391 54 16 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 54 17 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 54 18 the the DET ajst-32391 54 19 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 54 20 values value NOUN ajst-32391 54 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 55 1 however however ADV ajst-32391 55 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 55 3 the the DET ajst-32391 55 4 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 55 5 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 55 6 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 55 7 suffers suffer VERB ajst-32391 55 8 from from ADP ajst-32391 55 9 two two NUM ajst-32391 55 10 main main ADJ ajst-32391 55 11 limitations limitation NOUN ajst-32391 55 12 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 55 13 first first ADV ajst-32391 55 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 55 15 it it PRON ajst-32391 55 16 is be AUX ajst-32391 55 17 challenging challenge VERB ajst-32391 55 18 to to PART ajst-32391 55 19 maintain maintain VERB ajst-32391 55 20 stable stable ADJ ajst-32391 55 21 collector collector NOUN ajst-32391 55 22 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 55 23 𝐼𝐢1 𝐼𝐢1 PROPN ajst-32391 55 24 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 55 25 𝐼𝐢2 𝐼𝐢2 PROPN ajst-32391 55 26 in in ADP ajst-32391 55 27 the the DET ajst-32391 55 28 two two NUM ajst-32391 55 29 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 55 30 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 55 31 second second X ajst-32391 55 32 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 55 33 the the DET ajst-32391 55 34 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 55 35 lacks lack VERB ajst-32391 55 36 higherorder higherorder VERB ajst-32391 55 37 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 55 38 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 55 39 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 55 40 resulting result VERB ajst-32391 55 41 in in ADP ajst-32391 55 42 a a DET ajst-32391 55 43 relatively relatively ADV ajst-32391 55 44 high high ADJ ajst-32391 55 45 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 55 46 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 55 47 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 56 1 2.3.2 2.3.2 X ajst-32391 56 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 56 3 kuijk kuijk PROPN ajst-32391 56 4 circuit circuit PROPN ajst-32391 56 5 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 56 6 brokaw brokaw PROPN ajst-32391 56 7 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 56 8 to to PART ajst-32391 56 9 mitigate mitigate VERB ajst-32391 56 10 susceptibility susceptibility NOUN ajst-32391 56 11 to to ADP ajst-32391 56 12 power power NOUN ajst-32391 56 13 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 56 14 noise noise NOUN ajst-32391 56 15 in in ADP ajst-32391 56 16 the the DET ajst-32391 56 17 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 56 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 56 19 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 56 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 56 21 kuijk kuijk PROPN ajst-32391 56 22 introduced introduce VERB ajst-32391 56 23 an an DET ajst-32391 56 24 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 56 25 amplifier amplifier NOUN ajst-32391 56 26 into into ADP ajst-32391 56 27 the the DET ajst-32391 56 28 original original ADJ ajst-32391 56 29 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 56 30 [ [ X ajst-32391 56 31 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 56 32 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 56 33 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 56 34 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 56 35 shown show VERB ajst-32391 56 36 in in ADP ajst-32391 56 37 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 56 38 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 57 1 2 2 X ajst-32391 57 2 . . X ajst-32391 57 3 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 57 4 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 57 5 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 57 6 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 57 7 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 57 8 of of ADP ajst-32391 57 9 the the DET ajst-32391 57 10 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 57 11 bandgap bandgap PROPN ajst-32391 57 12 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 57 13 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 58 1 the the DET ajst-32391 58 2 added add VERB ajst-32391 58 3 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 58 4 amplifier amplifier NOUN ajst-32391 58 5 serves serve VERB ajst-32391 58 6 two two NUM ajst-32391 58 7 primary primary ADJ ajst-32391 58 8 purposes purpose NOUN ajst-32391 58 9 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 58 10 it it PRON ajst-32391 58 11 reduces reduce VERB ajst-32391 58 12 power power NOUN ajst-32391 58 13 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 58 14 noise noise NOUN ajst-32391 58 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 58 16 delivers deliver VERB ajst-32391 58 17 same same ADJ ajst-32391 58 18 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 58 19 of of ADP ajst-32391 58 20 nodes node NOUN ajst-32391 58 21 x x PUNCT ajst-32391 58 22 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 58 23 y. y. NOUN ajst-32391 58 24 by by ADP ajst-32391 58 25 setting set VERB ajst-32391 58 26 resistors resistor NOUN ajst-32391 58 27 𝑅2 𝑅2 NOUN ajst-32391 58 28 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 58 29 𝑅1 𝑅1 NOUN ajst-32391 58 30 to to ADP ajst-32391 58 31 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 58 32 values value NOUN ajst-32391 58 33 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 58 34 the the DET ajst-32391 58 35 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 58 36 through through ADP ajst-32391 58 37 them they PRON ajst-32391 58 38 are be AUX ajst-32391 58 39 matched match VERB ajst-32391 58 40 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 58 41 i.e. i.e. X ajst-32391 58 42 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 58 43 𝐼𝑅1 𝐼𝑅1 PROPN ajst-32391 58 44 = = SYM ajst-32391 58 45 𝐼𝑅2 𝐼𝑅2 PROPN ajst-32391 58 46 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 59 1 the the DET ajst-32391 59 2 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 59 3 area area NOUN ajst-32391 59 4 of of ADP ajst-32391 59 5 𝑄1 𝑄1 NOUN ajst-32391 59 6 is be AUX ajst-32391 59 7 n n PRON ajst-32391 59 8 times time NOUN ajst-32391 59 9 that that PRON ajst-32391 59 10 of of ADP ajst-32391 59 11 𝑄2 𝑄2 PROPN ajst-32391 59 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 60 1 the the DET ajst-32391 60 2 current current NOUN ajst-32391 60 3 through through ADP ajst-32391 60 4 𝑅3 𝑅3 PROPN ajst-32391 60 5 is be AUX ajst-32391 60 6 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 60 7 to to ADP ajst-32391 60 8 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 60 9 177 177 NUM ajst-32391 60 10 𝐼𝑅3 𝐼𝑅3 NOUN ajst-32391 60 11 = = SYM ajst-32391 60 12 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 60 13 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 60 14 𝐼𝐢1 𝐼𝐢1 PROPN ajst-32391 60 15 𝐼𝑆1 𝐼𝑆1 PROPN ajst-32391 60 16 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 60 17 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 60 18 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 60 19 the the DET ajst-32391 60 20 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 60 21 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 60 22 must must AUX ajst-32391 60 23 be be AUX ajst-32391 60 24 satisfied satisfied ADJ ajst-32391 60 25 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 60 26 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 60 27 = = SYM ajst-32391 61 1 𝑉𝐡𝐸1 𝑉𝐡𝐸1 PROPN ajst-32391 61 2 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 61 3 𝑅2 𝑅2 NOUN ajst-32391 61 4 𝑅3 𝑅3 PROPN ajst-32391 61 5 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 61 6 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN ajst-32391 61 7 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 61 8 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 61 9 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 61 10 compared compare VERB ajst-32391 61 11 to to ADP ajst-32391 61 12 the the DET ajst-32391 61 13 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 61 14 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 61 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 61 16 the the DET ajst-32391 61 17 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 61 18 configuration configuration NOUN ajst-32391 61 19 offers offer VERB ajst-32391 61 20 improved improved ADJ ajst-32391 61 21 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 61 22 by by ADP ajst-32391 61 23 eliminating eliminate VERB ajst-32391 61 24 the the DET ajst-32391 61 25 influence influence NOUN ajst-32391 61 26 of of ADP ajst-32391 61 27 collector collector NOUN ajst-32391 61 28 current current ADJ ajst-32391 61 29 variations variation NOUN ajst-32391 61 30 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 61 31 reducing reduce VERB ajst-32391 61 32 power power NOUN ajst-32391 61 33 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 61 34 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 61 35 induced induce VERB ajst-32391 61 36 interference interference NOUN ajst-32391 61 37 through through ADP ajst-32391 61 38 the the DET ajst-32391 61 39 use use NOUN ajst-32391 61 40 of of ADP ajst-32391 61 41 an an DET ajst-32391 61 42 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 61 43 amplifier amplifier NOUN ajst-32391 61 44 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 62 1 the the DET ajst-32391 62 2 high high ADJ ajst-32391 62 3 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 62 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 62 5 low low ADJ ajst-32391 62 6 power power NOUN ajst-32391 62 7 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 62 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 62 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 62 10 enhanced enhance VERB ajst-32391 62 11 noise noise NOUN ajst-32391 62 12 immunity immunity NOUN ajst-32391 62 13 of of ADP ajst-32391 62 14 the the DET ajst-32391 62 15 op op NOUN ajst-32391 62 16 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 62 17 amp amp NOUN ajst-32391 62 18 contribute contribute NOUN ajst-32391 62 19 to to ADP ajst-32391 62 20 the the DET ajst-32391 62 21 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 62 22 ’s ’s PART ajst-32391 62 23 broader broad ADJ ajst-32391 62 24 applicability applicability NOUN ajst-32391 62 25 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 62 26 superior superior ADJ ajst-32391 62 27 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 62 28 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 63 1 based base VERB ajst-32391 63 2 on on ADP ajst-32391 63 3 the the DET ajst-32391 63 4 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 63 5 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 63 6 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 63 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 63 8 brokaw brokaw PROPN ajst-32391 63 9 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 63 10 a a DET ajst-32391 63 11 novel novel ADJ ajst-32391 63 12 configuration configuration NOUN ajst-32391 63 13 in in ADP ajst-32391 63 14 1974 1974 NUM ajst-32391 63 15 [ [ X ajst-32391 63 16 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 63 17 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 63 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 64 1 a a DET ajst-32391 64 2 key key ADJ ajst-32391 64 3 innovation innovation NOUN ajst-32391 64 4 involves involve VERB ajst-32391 64 5 directly directly ADV ajst-32391 64 6 connecting connect VERB ajst-32391 64 7 the the DET ajst-32391 64 8 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 64 9 amplifier amplifier ADJ ajst-32391 64 10 output output NOUN ajst-32391 64 11 to to ADP ajst-32391 64 12 the the DET ajst-32391 64 13 base base NOUN ajst-32391 64 14 terminals terminal NOUN ajst-32391 64 15 of of ADP ajst-32391 64 16 both both DET ajst-32391 64 17 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 64 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 65 1 in in ADP ajst-32391 65 2 contrast contrast NOUN ajst-32391 65 3 to to ADP ajst-32391 65 4 the the DET ajst-32391 65 5 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 65 6 configuration configuration NOUN ajst-32391 65 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 65 8 this this DET ajst-32391 65 9 approach approach NOUN ajst-32391 65 10 enhances enhance VERB ajst-32391 65 11 feedback feedback NOUN ajst-32391 65 12 linearity linearity NOUN ajst-32391 65 13 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 65 14 improves improve VERB ajst-32391 65 15 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 65 16 noise noise NOUN ajst-32391 65 17 rejection rejection NOUN ajst-32391 65 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 66 1 2.3.3 2.3.3 X ajst-32391 66 2 . . X ajst-32391 66 3 banda banda NOUN ajst-32391 66 4 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 66 5 in in ADP ajst-32391 66 6 contrast contrast NOUN ajst-32391 66 7 to to ADP ajst-32391 66 8 the the DET ajst-32391 66 9 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 66 10 summation summation NOUN ajst-32391 66 11 approach approach NOUN ajst-32391 66 12 used use VERB ajst-32391 66 13 in in ADP ajst-32391 66 14 the the DET ajst-32391 66 15 three three NUM ajst-32391 66 16 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 66 17 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 66 18 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 66 19 mentioned mention VERB ajst-32391 66 20 above above ADV ajst-32391 66 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 66 22 banba banba PROPN ajst-32391 66 23 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 66 24 a a DET ajst-32391 66 25 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 66 26 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 66 27 based base VERB ajst-32391 66 28 on on ADP ajst-32391 66 29 current current ADJ ajst-32391 66 30 summation summation NOUN ajst-32391 66 31 in in ADP ajst-32391 66 32 1999 1999 NUM ajst-32391 66 33 [ [ X ajst-32391 66 34 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 66 35 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 66 36 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 67 1 the the DET ajst-32391 67 2 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 67 3 schematic schematic ADJ ajst-32391 67 4 is be AUX ajst-32391 67 5 shown show VERB ajst-32391 67 6 in in ADP ajst-32391 67 7 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 67 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 68 1 3 3 X ajst-32391 68 2 . . X ajst-32391 68 3 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 68 4 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 68 5 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 68 6 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 68 7 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 68 8 of of ADP ajst-32391 68 9 the the DET ajst-32391 68 10 banba banba ADJ ajst-32391 68 11 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 68 12 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 68 13 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 69 1 this this DET ajst-32391 69 2 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 69 3 offers offer VERB ajst-32391 69 4 greater great ADJ ajst-32391 69 5 design design NOUN ajst-32391 69 6 flexibility flexibility NOUN ajst-32391 69 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 70 1 while while SCONJ ajst-32391 70 2 the the DET ajst-32391 70 3 previous previous ADJ ajst-32391 70 4 two two NUM ajst-32391 70 5 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 70 6 generate generate VERB ajst-32391 70 7 a a DET ajst-32391 70 8 1.25 1.25 NUM ajst-32391 70 9 v v NOUN ajst-32391 70 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 70 11 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 70 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 70 13 the the DET ajst-32391 70 14 banba banba ADJ ajst-32391 70 15 structure structure NOUN ajst-32391 70 16 can can AUX ajst-32391 70 17 produce produce VERB ajst-32391 70 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 70 19 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 70 20 below below ADP ajst-32391 70 21 1.25 1.25 NUM ajst-32391 70 22 v. v. ADP ajst-32391 70 23 a a DET ajst-32391 70 24 comparative comparative ADJ ajst-32391 70 25 analysis analysis NOUN ajst-32391 70 26 of of ADP ajst-32391 70 27 these these DET ajst-32391 70 28 classical classical ADJ ajst-32391 70 29 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 70 30 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 70 31 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 70 32 reveals reveal VERB ajst-32391 70 33 their their PRON ajst-32391 70 34 distinct distinct ADJ ajst-32391 70 35 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 70 36 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 70 37 the the DET ajst-32391 70 38 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 70 39 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 70 40 suffers suffer VERB ajst-32391 70 41 from from ADP ajst-32391 70 42 difficulties difficulty NOUN ajst-32391 70 43 in in ADP ajst-32391 70 44 stabilizing stabilize VERB ajst-32391 70 45 the the DET ajst-32391 70 46 collector collector NOUN ajst-32391 70 47 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 70 48 of of ADP ajst-32391 70 49 the the DET ajst-32391 70 50 two two NUM ajst-32391 70 51 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 70 52 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 70 53 high high ADJ ajst-32391 70 54 sensitivity sensitivity NOUN ajst-32391 70 55 to to ADP ajst-32391 70 56 power power NOUN ajst-32391 70 57 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 70 58 variations variation NOUN ajst-32391 70 59 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 70 60 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 70 61 limited limited ADJ ajst-32391 70 62 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 70 63 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 71 1 the the DET ajst-32391 71 2 banba banba PROPN ajst-32391 71 3 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 71 4 operates operate VERB ajst-32391 71 5 at at ADP ajst-32391 71 6 low low ADJ ajst-32391 71 7 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 71 8 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 71 9 with with ADP ajst-32391 71 10 low low ADJ ajst-32391 71 11 power power NOUN ajst-32391 71 12 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 71 13 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 71 14 could could AUX ajst-32391 71 15 output output VERB ajst-32391 71 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 71 17 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 71 18 below below ADP ajst-32391 71 19 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 71 20 v v NOUN ajst-32391 71 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 71 22 but but CCONJ ajst-32391 71 23 its its PRON ajst-32391 71 24 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 71 25 is be AUX ajst-32391 71 26 compromised compromise VERB ajst-32391 71 27 by by ADP ajst-32391 71 28 the the DET ajst-32391 71 29 op op NOUN ajst-32391 71 30 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 71 31 amp amp PROPN ajst-32391 71 32 ’s ’s PART ajst-32391 71 33 input input NOUN ajst-32391 71 34 offset offset NOUN ajst-32391 71 35 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 71 36 the the DET ajst-32391 71 37 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 71 38 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 71 39 incorporates incorporate VERB ajst-32391 71 40 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 71 41 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 71 42 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 71 43 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 71 44 low low ADJ ajst-32391 71 45 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 71 46 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 71 47 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 71 48 power power NOUN ajst-32391 71 49 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 71 50 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 71 51 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 71 52 offers offer VERB ajst-32391 71 53 high high ADJ ajst-32391 71 54 power power NOUN ajst-32391 71 55 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 71 56 rejection rejection NOUN ajst-32391 71 57 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 71 58 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 71 59 psrr psrr ADJ ajst-32391 71 60 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 71 61 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 72 1 although although SCONJ ajst-32391 72 2 it it PRON ajst-32391 72 3 also also ADV ajst-32391 72 4 introduces introduce VERB ajst-32391 72 5 op op NOUN ajst-32391 72 6 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 72 7 amp amp NOUN ajst-32391 72 8 offset offset NOUN ajst-32391 72 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 72 10 it it PRON ajst-32391 72 11 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ajst-32391 72 12 better well ADJ ajst-32391 72 13 process process NOUN ajst-32391 72 14 compatibility compatibility NOUN ajst-32391 72 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 72 16 broader broad ADJ ajst-32391 72 17 applicability applicability NOUN ajst-32391 72 18 compared compare VERB ajst-32391 72 19 to to ADP ajst-32391 72 20 the the DET ajst-32391 72 21 banba banba ADJ ajst-32391 72 22 structure structure NOUN ajst-32391 72 23 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 73 1 the the DET ajst-32391 73 2 brokaw brokaw PROPN ajst-32391 73 3 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 73 4 features feature VERB ajst-32391 73 5 low low ADJ ajst-32391 73 6 output output NOUN ajst-32391 73 7 noise noise NOUN ajst-32391 73 8 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 73 9 low low ADJ ajst-32391 73 10 quiescent quiescent ADJ ajst-32391 73 11 power power NOUN ajst-32391 73 12 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 73 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 73 14 but but CCONJ ajst-32391 73 15 its its PRON ajst-32391 73 16 line line NOUN ajst-32391 73 17 regulation regulation NOUN ajst-32391 73 18 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 73 19 is be AUX ajst-32391 73 20 relatively relatively ADV ajst-32391 73 21 poor poor ADJ ajst-32391 73 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 74 1 178 178 NUM ajst-32391 74 2 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 74 3 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 74 4 second second ADJ ajst-32391 74 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 74 6 order order NOUN ajst-32391 74 7 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 74 8 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 74 9 for for ADP ajst-32391 74 10 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 74 11 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 74 12 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 74 13 in in ADP ajst-32391 74 14 2005 2005 NUM ajst-32391 74 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 74 16 avoinne avoinne PROPN ajst-32391 74 17 et et PROPN ajst-32391 74 18 al al PROPN ajst-32391 74 19 . . PROPN ajst-32391 75 1 first first ADV ajst-32391 75 2 introduced introduce VERB ajst-32391 75 3 the the DET ajst-32391 75 4 concept concept NOUN ajst-32391 75 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 75 6 second second ADJ ajst-32391 75 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 75 8 order order NOUN ajst-32391 75 9 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 75 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 75 11 which which PRON ajst-32391 75 12 utilizes utilize VERB ajst-32391 75 13 a a DET ajst-32391 75 14 quadratic quadratic ADJ ajst-32391 75 15 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 75 16 correction correction NOUN ajst-32391 75 17 term term NOUN ajst-32391 75 18 to to PART ajst-32391 75 19 mitigate mitigate VERB ajst-32391 75 20 the the DET ajst-32391 75 21 high high ADJ ajst-32391 75 22 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 75 23 order order NOUN ajst-32391 75 24 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 75 25 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 75 26 of of ADP ajst-32391 75 27 conventional conventional ADJ ajst-32391 75 28 first first ADJ ajst-32391 75 29 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 75 30 order order NOUN ajst-32391 75 31 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 75 32 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 75 33 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 75 34 thereby thereby ADV ajst-32391 75 35 achieving achieve VERB ajst-32391 75 36 a a DET ajst-32391 75 37 significantly significantly ADV ajst-32391 75 38 reduced reduce VERB ajst-32391 75 39 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 75 40 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 75 41 [ [ X ajst-32391 75 42 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 75 43 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 75 44 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 76 1 this this DET ajst-32391 76 2 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 76 3 scheme scheme NOUN ajst-32391 76 4 aims aim VERB ajst-32391 76 5 to to PART ajst-32391 76 6 cancel cancel VERB ajst-32391 76 7 the the DET ajst-32391 76 8 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 76 9 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 76 10 order order NOUN ajst-32391 76 11 terms term NOUN ajst-32391 76 12 in in ADP ajst-32391 76 13 the the DET ajst-32391 76 14 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 76 15 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 76 16 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 77 1 by by ADP ajst-32391 77 2 introducing introduce VERB ajst-32391 77 3 a a DET ajst-32391 77 4 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 77 5 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 77 6 term term NOUN ajst-32391 77 7 for for ADP ajst-32391 77 8 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 77 9 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 77 10 order order NOUN ajst-32391 77 11 nonlinearities nonlinearitie NOUN ajst-32391 77 12 into into ADP ajst-32391 77 13 the the DET ajst-32391 77 14 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 77 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 77 16 the the DET ajst-32391 77 17 influence influence NOUN ajst-32391 77 18 of of ADP ajst-32391 77 19 high high ADJ ajst-32391 77 20 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 77 21 order order NOUN ajst-32391 77 22 nonlinearities nonlinearitie NOUN ajst-32391 77 23 on on ADP ajst-32391 77 24 the the DET ajst-32391 77 25 output output NOUN ajst-32391 77 26 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 77 27 / / SYM ajst-32391 77 28 current current NOUN ajst-32391 77 29 is be AUX ajst-32391 77 30 effectively effectively ADV ajst-32391 77 31 canceled cancel VERB ajst-32391 77 32 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 77 33 significantly significantly ADV ajst-32391 77 34 enhancing enhance VERB ajst-32391 77 35 the the DET ajst-32391 77 36 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 77 37 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 77 38 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 77 39 of of ADP ajst-32391 77 40 the the DET ajst-32391 77 41 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 77 42 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 77 43 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 78 1 3.1 3.1 NUM ajst-32391 78 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 78 3 fundamental fundamental ADJ ajst-32391 78 4 principles principle NOUN ajst-32391 78 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 78 6 second second ADJ ajst-32391 78 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 78 8 order order NOUN ajst-32391 78 9 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 78 10 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 78 11 taking take VERB ajst-32391 78 12 the the DET ajst-32391 78 13 base base NOUN ajst-32391 78 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 78 15 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 78 16 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 78 17 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 78 18 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 PROPN ajst-32391 78 19 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 78 20 of of ADP ajst-32391 78 21 a a DET ajst-32391 78 22 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 78 23 as as ADP ajst-32391 78 24 an an DET ajst-32391 78 25 example example NOUN ajst-32391 78 26 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 78 27 its its PRON ajst-32391 78 28 value value NOUN ajst-32391 78 29 can can AUX ajst-32391 78 30 be be AUX ajst-32391 78 31 expressed express VERB ajst-32391 78 32 by by ADP ajst-32391 78 33 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 78 34 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 78 35 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 PROPN ajst-32391 78 36 = = SYM ajst-32391 78 37 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 NOUN ajst-32391 78 38 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 78 39 𝐼𝐢 𝐼𝐢 PROPN ajst-32391 78 40 𝐼𝑆 𝐼𝑆 PROPN ajst-32391 78 41 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 78 42 7 7 NUM ajst-32391 78 43 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 78 44 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 78 45 𝐼𝑆 𝐼𝑆 PROPN ajst-32391 78 46 is be AUX ajst-32391 78 47 a a DET ajst-32391 78 48 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 78 49 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 78 50 order order NOUN ajst-32391 78 51 function function NOUN ajst-32391 78 52 of of ADP ajst-32391 78 53 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 78 54 t t PROPN ajst-32391 78 55 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 78 56 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 78 57 given give VERB ajst-32391 78 58 by by ADP ajst-32391 78 59 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 78 60 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 78 61 11 11 NUM ajst-32391 78 62 ): ): PUNCT ajst-32391 78 63 𝐼𝑆 𝐼𝑆 PROPN ajst-32391 78 64 = = SYM ajst-32391 78 65 𝑏 𝑏 PROPN ajst-32391 78 66 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 78 67 4βˆ’π‘š 4βˆ’π‘š NUM ajst-32391 78 68 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 INTJ ajst-32391 78 69 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 78 70 βˆ’πΈπ‘” βˆ’πΈπ‘” PROPN ajst-32391 78 71 π‘˜π‘‡ π‘˜π‘‡ PROPN ajst-32391 78 72 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 78 73 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 78 74 8) 8) NUM ajst-32391 78 75 compared compare VERB ajst-32391 78 76 to to ADP ajst-32391 78 77 other other ADJ ajst-32391 78 78 constant constant ADJ ajst-32391 78 79 terms term NOUN ajst-32391 78 80 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 78 81 it it PRON ajst-32391 78 82 is be AUX ajst-32391 78 83 evident evident ADJ ajst-32391 78 84 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 78 85 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 NOUN ajst-32391 78 86 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 78 87 a a DET ajst-32391 78 88 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 78 89 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 78 90 order order NOUN ajst-32391 78 91 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 78 92 on on ADP ajst-32391 78 93 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 78 94 t. t. NOUN ajst-32391 78 95 classical classical ADJ ajst-32391 78 96 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 78 97 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 78 98 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 78 99 address address VERB ajst-32391 78 100 the the DET ajst-32391 78 101 linear linear PROPN ajst-32391 78 102 component component NOUN ajst-32391 78 103 of of ADP ajst-32391 78 104 the the DET ajst-32391 78 105 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 78 106 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 78 107 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 78 108 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 79 1 alternatively alternatively ADV ajst-32391 79 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 79 3 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 PROPN ajst-32391 79 4 can can AUX ajst-32391 79 5 be be AUX ajst-32391 79 6 modeled model VERB ajst-32391 79 7 by by ADP ajst-32391 79 8 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 79 9 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 79 10 16 16 NUM ajst-32391 79 11 ): ): PUNCT ajst-32391 79 12 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 PROPN ajst-32391 79 13 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 79 14 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 79 15 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 79 16 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 79 17 𝑉𝑔(𝑇 𝑉𝑔(𝑇 NUM ajst-32391 79 18 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 80 1 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 80 2 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 80 3 𝑉𝑔(𝑇𝑅 𝑉𝑔(𝑇𝑅 NOUN ajst-32391 80 4 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 80 5 βˆ’ βˆ’ ADP ajst-32391 81 1 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 PROPN ajst-32391 81 2 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 81 3 𝑇𝑅 𝑇𝑅 PROPN ajst-32391 81 4 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 81 5 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 81 6 𝑇𝑅 𝑇𝑅 PROPN ajst-32391 81 7 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 82 1 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 82 2 πœ‚ πœ‚ NOUN ajst-32391 82 3 βˆ’ βˆ’ NOUN ajst-32391 82 4 𝛿)𝑉𝑇 𝛿)𝑉𝑇 NOUN ajst-32391 82 5 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 82 6 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 82 7 𝑇𝑅 𝑇𝑅 PROPN ajst-32391 82 8 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 82 9 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 82 10 9 9 X ajst-32391 82 11 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 82 12 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 82 13 tr tr PRON ajst-32391 82 14 denotes denote VERB ajst-32391 82 15 the the DET ajst-32391 82 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 82 17 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 83 1 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 83 2 Ξ· Ξ· PROPN ajst-32391 83 3 represents represent VERB ajst-32391 83 4 a a DET ajst-32391 83 5 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 83 6 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 83 7 dependent dependent ADJ ajst-32391 83 8 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 83 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 83 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 83 11 Ξ΄ Ξ΄ PROPN ajst-32391 83 12 is be AUX ajst-32391 83 13 a a DET ajst-32391 83 14 constant constant ADJ ajst-32391 83 15 associated associate VERB ajst-32391 83 16 with with ADP ajst-32391 83 17 the the DET ajst-32391 83 18 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 83 19 behavior behavior NOUN ajst-32391 83 20 of of ADP ajst-32391 83 21 the the DET ajst-32391 83 22 current current NOUN ajst-32391 83 23 here here ADV ajst-32391 83 24 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 83 25 Ξ· Ξ· PROPN ajst-32391 83 26 = = PROPN ajst-32391 83 27 4βˆ’ΞΆ 4βˆ’ΞΆ PROPN ajst-32391 83 28 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 83 29 with with ADP ajst-32391 83 30 ΞΆ ΞΆ NOUN ajst-32391 83 31 representing represent VERB ajst-32391 83 32 the the DET ajst-32391 83 33 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 83 34 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 83 35 of of ADP ajst-32391 83 36 carrier carrier NOUN ajst-32391 83 37 properties property NOUN ajst-32391 83 38 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 84 1 when when SCONJ ajst-32391 84 2 Ξ΄=1 Ξ΄=1 PROPN ajst-32391 84 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 84 4 the the DET ajst-32391 84 5 current current NOUN ajst-32391 84 6 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 84 7 a a DET ajst-32391 84 8 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 84 9 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 84 10 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 84 11 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 84 12 when when SCONJ ajst-32391 84 13 Ξ΄=0 Ξ΄=0 PROPN ajst-32391 84 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 84 15 it it PRON ajst-32391 84 16 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 84 17 a a DET ajst-32391 84 18 positive positive ADJ ajst-32391 84 19 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 84 20 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 84 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 85 1 the the DET ajst-32391 85 2 term term NOUN ajst-32391 85 3 𝑉𝑔(𝑇 𝑉𝑔(𝑇 NOUN ajst-32391 85 4 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 85 5 denotes denote VERB ajst-32391 85 6 the the DET ajst-32391 85 7 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 85 8 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 85 9 at at ADP ajst-32391 85 10 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 85 11 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 85 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 85 13 expressed express VERB ajst-32391 85 14 in in ADP ajst-32391 85 15 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 85 16 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 85 17 13 13 NUM ajst-32391 85 18 ): ): PUNCT ajst-32391 85 19 𝑉𝑔(𝑇 𝑉𝑔(𝑇 NUM ajst-32391 85 20 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 85 21 = = NOUN ajst-32391 85 22 𝑉𝑔0 𝑉𝑔0 NOUN ajst-32391 85 23 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 86 1 𝑏𝑇 𝑏𝑇 NOUN ajst-32391 86 2 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 86 3 𝑐 𝑐 PROPN ajst-32391 86 4 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 86 5 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 86 6 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 86 7 10 10 NUM ajst-32391 86 8 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 86 9 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 86 10 𝑉𝑔0 𝑉𝑔0 NOUN ajst-32391 86 11 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 86 12 b b NOUN ajst-32391 86 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 86 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 86 15 c c NOUN ajst-32391 86 16 are be AUX ajst-32391 86 17 characterized characterize VERB ajst-32391 86 18 over over ADP ajst-32391 86 19 a a DET ajst-32391 86 20 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 86 21 interval interval NOUN ajst-32391 86 22 from from ADP ajst-32391 86 23 150 150 NUM ajst-32391 86 24 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 86 25 k k NOUN ajst-32391 86 26 to to ADP ajst-32391 86 27 400 400 NUM ajst-32391 86 28 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 86 29 k k NOUN ajst-32391 87 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 87 2 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 87 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 87 4 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 88 1 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 88 2 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 88 3 using use VERB ajst-32391 88 4 first first ADJ ajst-32391 88 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 88 6 order order NOUN ajst-32391 88 7 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 88 8 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 88 9 generally generally ADV ajst-32391 88 10 exhibit exhibit VERB ajst-32391 88 11 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 88 12 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 88 13 ranging range VERB ajst-32391 88 14 from from ADP ajst-32391 88 15 20 20 NUM ajst-32391 88 16 to to PART ajst-32391 88 17 100 100 NUM ajst-32391 88 18 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 88 19 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 88 20 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 88 21 c c NOUN ajst-32391 88 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 89 1 by by ADP ajst-32391 89 2 comparison comparison NOUN ajst-32391 89 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 89 4 implementations implementation NOUN ajst-32391 89 5 incorporating incorporate VERB ajst-32391 89 6 secondorder secondorder ADJ ajst-32391 89 7 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 89 8 techniques technique NOUN ajst-32391 89 9 can can AUX ajst-32391 89 10 achieve achieve VERB ajst-32391 89 11 significantly significantly ADV ajst-32391 89 12 lower low ADJ ajst-32391 89 13 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 89 14 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 89 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 89 16 down down ADV ajst-32391 89 17 to to ADP ajst-32391 89 18 2.9 2.9 NUM ajst-32391 89 19 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 89 20 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 89 21 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 89 22 c[7 c[7 PROPN ajst-32391 89 23 ] ] X ajst-32391 89 24 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 90 1 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 90 2 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 90 3 order order NOUN ajst-32391 90 4 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 90 5 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 90 6 third third ADJ ajst-32391 90 7 order order NOUN ajst-32391 90 8 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 90 9 beyond beyond ADP ajst-32391 90 10 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 90 11 requires require VERB ajst-32391 90 12 more more ADJ ajst-32391 90 13 complex complex ADJ ajst-32391 90 14 circuitry circuitry NOUN ajst-32391 90 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 90 16 incurs incur VERB ajst-32391 90 17 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 90 18 power power NOUN ajst-32391 90 19 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 90 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 91 1 considering consider VERB ajst-32391 91 2 the the DET ajst-32391 91 3 trade trade NOUN ajst-32391 91 4 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 91 5 offs off NOUN ajst-32391 91 6 between between ADP ajst-32391 91 7 process process NOUN ajst-32391 91 8 cost cost NOUN ajst-32391 91 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 91 10 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 91 11 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 91 12 second second ADJ ajst-32391 91 13 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 91 14 order order NOUN ajst-32391 91 15 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 91 16 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 91 17 offers offer VERB ajst-32391 91 18 a a DET ajst-32391 91 19 more more ADV ajst-32391 91 20 balanced balanced ADJ ajst-32391 91 21 solution solution NOUN ajst-32391 91 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 92 1 therefore therefore ADV ajst-32391 92 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 92 3 this this DET ajst-32391 92 4 paper paper NOUN ajst-32391 92 5 focuses focus VERB ajst-32391 92 6 exclusively exclusively ADV ajst-32391 92 7 on on ADP ajst-32391 92 8 second second ADJ ajst-32391 92 9 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 92 10 order order NOUN ajst-32391 92 11 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 92 12 strategies strategy NOUN ajst-32391 92 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 92 14 while while SCONJ ajst-32391 92 15 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 92 16 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 92 17 order order NOUN ajst-32391 92 18 approaches approach NOUN ajst-32391 92 19 are be AUX ajst-32391 92 20 not not PART ajst-32391 92 21 discussed discuss VERB ajst-32391 92 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 93 1 3.2.introduction 3.2.introduction NUM ajst-32391 93 2 to to ADP ajst-32391 93 3 second second ADJ ajst-32391 93 4 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 93 5 order order NOUN ajst-32391 93 6 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 93 7 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 93 8 schemes scheme NOUN ajst-32391 93 9 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 93 10 indicated indicate VERB ajst-32391 93 11 by by ADP ajst-32391 93 12 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 93 13 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 93 14 13 13 NUM ajst-32391 93 15 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 93 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 93 17 second second ADJ ajst-32391 93 18 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 93 19 order order NOUN ajst-32391 93 20 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 93 21 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 93 22 for for ADP ajst-32391 93 23 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 NOUN ajst-32391 93 24 is be AUX ajst-32391 93 25 required require VERB ajst-32391 93 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 94 1 advanced advanced ADJ ajst-32391 94 2 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 94 3 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 94 4 that that PRON ajst-32391 94 5 address address VERB ajst-32391 94 6 second second ADJ ajst-32391 94 7 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 94 8 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 94 9 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 94 10 order order NOUN ajst-32391 94 11 effects effect NOUN ajst-32391 94 12 are be AUX ajst-32391 94 13 referred refer VERB ajst-32391 94 14 to to ADP ajst-32391 94 15 as as ADP ajst-32391 94 16 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 94 17 correction correction NOUN ajst-32391 94 18 techniques technique NOUN ajst-32391 94 19 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 95 1 current current ADJ ajst-32391 95 2 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 95 3 correction correction NOUN ajst-32391 95 4 methods method NOUN ajst-32391 95 5 primarily primarily ADV ajst-32391 95 6 include include VERB ajst-32391 95 7 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 95 8 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 95 9 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 95 10 compensation compensation PROPN ajst-32391 95 11 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 95 12 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 95 13 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 95 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 95 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 95 16 precise precise ADJ ajst-32391 95 17 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 95 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 96 1 179 179 NUM ajst-32391 96 2 3.2.1 3.2.1 NUM ajst-32391 96 3 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 96 4 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 96 5 ratio ratio PROPN ajst-32391 96 6 compensation compensation PROPN ajst-32391 96 7 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 96 8 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 96 9 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 96 10 is be AUX ajst-32391 96 11 the the DET ajst-32391 96 12 simplest simple ADJ ajst-32391 96 13 method method NOUN ajst-32391 96 14 for for ADP ajst-32391 96 15 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 96 16 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 96 17 order order NOUN ajst-32391 96 18 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 96 19 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 96 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 97 1 it it PRON ajst-32391 97 2 utilizes utilize VERB ajst-32391 97 3 two two NUM ajst-32391 97 4 resistors resistor NOUN ajst-32391 97 5 with with ADP ajst-32391 97 6 different different ADJ ajst-32391 97 7 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 97 8 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 97 9 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 97 10 tcs tcs NOUN ajst-32391 97 11 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 97 12 to to PART ajst-32391 97 13 achieve achieve VERB ajst-32391 97 14 the the DET ajst-32391 97 15 desired desire VERB ajst-32391 97 16 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 97 17 [ [ X ajst-32391 97 18 8 8 NUM ajst-32391 97 19 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 97 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 98 1 a a DET ajst-32391 98 2 typical typical ADJ ajst-32391 98 3 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 98 4 is be AUX ajst-32391 98 5 illustrated illustrate VERB ajst-32391 98 6 in in ADP ajst-32391 98 7 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 98 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 99 1 4 4 X ajst-32391 99 2 . . X ajst-32391 99 3 vdd vdd PROPN ajst-32391 99 4 ve2 ve2 PROPN ajst-32391 99 5 vbg vbg PROPN ajst-32391 99 6 low low ADJ ajst-32391 99 7 tc tc PROPN ajst-32391 99 8 r3 r3 PROPN ajst-32391 99 9 high high ADJ ajst-32391 99 10 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 99 11 r4 r4 NOUN ajst-32391 99 12 r r NOUN ajst-32391 99 13 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 99 14 r r NOUN ajst-32391 99 15 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 99 16 r r NOUN ajst-32391 99 17 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 99 18 q q NOUN ajst-32391 99 19 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 99 20 q q NOUN ajst-32391 99 21 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 99 22 r r NOUN ajst-32391 99 23 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 99 24 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 99 25 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 99 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 99 27 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 99 28 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 99 29 of of ADP ajst-32391 99 30 the the DET ajst-32391 99 31 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 99 32 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 99 33 scheme scheme NOUN ajst-32391 99 34 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 100 1 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 100 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 101 1 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 101 2 illustrates illustrate VERB ajst-32391 101 3 a a DET ajst-32391 101 4 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 101 5 incorporating incorporate VERB ajst-32391 101 6 two two NUM ajst-32391 101 7 npn npn NOUN ajst-32391 101 8 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 101 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 101 10 denoted denote VERB ajst-32391 101 11 as as ADP ajst-32391 101 12 𝑄1 𝑄1 NOUN ajst-32391 101 13 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 101 14 𝑄2 𝑄2 PROPN ajst-32391 101 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 101 16 with with ADP ajst-32391 101 17 an an DET ajst-32391 101 18 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 101 19 area area NOUN ajst-32391 101 20 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 101 21 of of ADP ajst-32391 101 22 n:1 n:1 PROPN ajst-32391 101 23 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 102 1 the the DET ajst-32391 102 2 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 102 3 includes include VERB ajst-32391 102 4 three three NUM ajst-32391 102 5 thin thin ADJ ajst-32391 102 6 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 102 7 film film NOUN ajst-32391 102 8 resistors resistor NOUN ajst-32391 102 9 β€” β€” PUNCT ajst-32391 102 10 r₁ r₁ ADJ ajst-32391 102 11 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 102 12 rβ‚‚ rβ‚‚ NOUN ajst-32391 102 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 102 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 102 15 r₃—exhibiting r₃—exhibite VERB ajst-32391 102 16 low low ADJ ajst-32391 102 17 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 102 18 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 102 19 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 102 20 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 102 21 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 102 22 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 102 23 allowing allow VERB ajst-32391 102 24 their their PRON ajst-32391 102 25 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 102 26 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 102 27 to to PART ajst-32391 102 28 be be AUX ajst-32391 102 29 neglected neglect VERB ajst-32391 102 30 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 103 1 additionally additionally ADV ajst-32391 103 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 103 3 a a DET ajst-32391 103 4 diffusion diffusion NOUN ajst-32391 103 5 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 103 6 rβ‚„ rβ‚„ VERB ajst-32391 103 7 with with ADP ajst-32391 103 8 a a DET ajst-32391 103 9 high high ADJ ajst-32391 103 10 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 103 11 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 103 12 is be AUX ajst-32391 103 13 employed employ VERB ajst-32391 103 14 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 104 1 the the DET ajst-32391 104 2 values value NOUN ajst-32391 104 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 104 4 rβ‚… rβ‚… PROPN ajst-32391 104 5 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 104 6 r₆ r₆ NOUN ajst-32391 104 7 are be AUX ajst-32391 104 8 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 104 9 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 105 1 the the DET ajst-32391 105 2 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 105 3 amplifier amplifier ADJ ajst-32391 105 4 forces force NOUN ajst-32391 105 5 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 105 6 potential potential NOUN ajst-32391 105 7 at at ADP ajst-32391 105 8 nodes node NOUN ajst-32391 105 9 a a PRON ajst-32391 105 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 105 11 b b NOUN ajst-32391 105 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 105 13 thereby thereby ADV ajst-32391 105 14 establishing establish VERB ajst-32391 105 15 collector collector NOUN ajst-32391 105 16 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 105 17 in in ADP ajst-32391 105 18 𝑄1 𝑄1 NOUN ajst-32391 105 19 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 105 20 𝑄2 𝑄2 PROPN ajst-32391 105 21 that that PRON ajst-32391 105 22 exhibit exhibit VERB ajst-32391 105 23 proportionality proportionality NOUN ajst-32391 105 24 to to ADP ajst-32391 105 25 absolute absolute ADJ ajst-32391 105 26 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 105 27 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 105 28 ptat ptat NOUN ajst-32391 105 29 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 105 30 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 106 1 this this DET ajst-32391 106 2 ptat ptat NOUN ajst-32391 106 3 current current NOUN ajst-32391 106 4 is be AUX ajst-32391 106 5 defined define VERB ajst-32391 106 6 by by ADP ajst-32391 106 7 the the DET ajst-32391 106 8 following follow VERB ajst-32391 106 9 expression expression NOUN ajst-32391 106 10 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 106 11 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 106 12 = = SYM ajst-32391 106 13 π›₯𝑉𝐡𝐸 π›₯𝑉𝐡𝐸 NOUN ajst-32391 106 14 𝑅1 𝑅1 NOUN ajst-32391 106 15 = = SYM ajst-32391 106 16 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 106 17 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 106 18 𝑛 𝑛 PROPN ajst-32391 106 19 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 106 20 11 11 NUM ajst-32391 106 21 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 106 22 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 106 23 vt vt PROPN ajst-32391 106 24 denotes denote VERB ajst-32391 106 25 the the DET ajst-32391 106 26 thermal thermal ADJ ajst-32391 106 27 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 106 28 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 107 1 the the DET ajst-32391 107 2 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 107 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 107 4 rβ‚„ rβ‚„ PROPN ajst-32391 107 5 equals equal VERB ajst-32391 107 6 to to ADP ajst-32391 107 7 r40(1 r40(1 PROPN ajst-32391 107 8 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 107 9 tc tc ADP ajst-32391 107 10 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 107 11 βˆ†t βˆ†t PROPN ajst-32391 107 12 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 107 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 107 14 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 107 15 r40 r40 NOUN ajst-32391 107 16 is be AUX ajst-32391 107 17 its its PRON ajst-32391 107 18 nominal nominal ADJ ajst-32391 107 19 value value NOUN ajst-32391 107 20 at at ADP ajst-32391 107 21 room room NOUN ajst-32391 107 22 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 107 23 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 107 24 tc tc PROPN ajst-32391 107 25 denotes denote VERB ajst-32391 107 26 the the DET ajst-32391 107 27 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 107 28 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 107 29 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 107 30 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 107 31 βˆ†t βˆ†t PROPN ajst-32391 107 32 means mean VERB ajst-32391 107 33 the the DET ajst-32391 107 34 change change NOUN ajst-32391 107 35 of of ADP ajst-32391 107 36 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 107 37 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 108 1 the the DET ajst-32391 108 2 equivalent equivalent ADJ ajst-32391 108 3 parallel parallel ADJ ajst-32391 108 4 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 108 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 108 6 r₃ r₃ NOUN ajst-32391 108 7 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 108 8 rβ‚„ rβ‚„ ADJ ajst-32391 108 9 is be AUX ajst-32391 108 10 given give VERB ajst-32391 108 11 by by ADP ajst-32391 108 12 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 108 13 𝑅3𝑙𝑙4 𝑅3𝑙𝑙4 NOUN ajst-32391 108 14 = = SYM ajst-32391 108 15 𝑅40 𝑅40 PROPN ajst-32391 108 16 𝑅3 𝑅3 NOUN ajst-32391 108 17 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 108 18 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 108 19 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 108 20 𝑇𝐢 𝑇𝐢 ADJ ajst-32391 108 21 Β· Β· PUNCT ajst-32391 108 22 βˆ†π‘‡ βˆ†π‘‡ PROPN ajst-32391 108 23 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 108 24 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 108 25 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 108 26 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 108 27 𝑇𝐢 𝑇𝐢 ADJ ajst-32391 108 28 Β· Β· PUNCT ajst-32391 108 29 βˆ†π‘‡)𝑅40 βˆ†π‘‡)𝑅40 NOUN ajst-32391 109 1 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 109 2 𝑅3 𝑅3 NOUN ajst-32391 109 3 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 109 4 12 12 NUM ajst-32391 109 5 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 109 6 the the DET ajst-32391 109 7 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 109 8 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 109 9 of of ADP ajst-32391 109 10 qβ‚‚ qβ‚‚ NOUN ajst-32391 109 11 is be AUX ajst-32391 109 12 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 109 13 to to ADP ajst-32391 109 14 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 109 15 𝑉𝐸2 𝑉𝐸2 PROPN ajst-32391 109 16 = = SYM ajst-32391 109 17 𝐼𝑅2 𝐼𝑅2 PROPN ajst-32391 109 18 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 109 19 𝑅2 𝑅2 NOUN ajst-32391 109 20 + + NUM ajst-32391 109 21 𝑅3𝑙𝑙4 𝑅3𝑙𝑙4 NOUN ajst-32391 109 22 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 109 23 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 109 24 13 13 X ajst-32391 109 25 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 109 26 analysis analysis NOUN ajst-32391 109 27 of of ADP ajst-32391 109 28 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 109 29 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 109 30 16 16 NUM ajst-32391 109 31 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 109 32 indicates indicate VERB ajst-32391 109 33 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 109 34 by by ADP ajst-32391 109 35 appropriately appropriately ADV ajst-32391 109 36 selecting select VERB ajst-32391 109 37 the the DET ajst-32391 109 38 values value NOUN ajst-32391 109 39 of of ADP ajst-32391 109 40 rβ‚‚ rβ‚‚ PROPN ajst-32391 109 41 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 109 42 r₃ r₃ NOUN ajst-32391 109 43 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 109 44 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 109 45 rβ‚„ rβ‚„ PROPN ajst-32391 109 46 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 109 47 the the DET ajst-32391 109 48 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 109 49 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 109 50 order order NOUN ajst-32391 109 51 terms term NOUN ajst-32391 109 52 of of ADP ajst-32391 109 53 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 NOUN ajst-32391 109 54 can can AUX ajst-32391 109 55 be be AUX ajst-32391 109 56 effectively effectively ADV ajst-32391 109 57 canceled cancel VERB ajst-32391 109 58 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 109 59 achieving achieve VERB ajst-32391 109 60 low low ADJ ajst-32391 109 61 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 109 62 drift drift NOUN ajst-32391 109 63 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 109 64 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 110 1 compared compare VERB ajst-32391 110 2 to to ADP ajst-32391 110 3 other other ADJ ajst-32391 110 4 techniques technique NOUN ajst-32391 110 5 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 110 6 this this DET ajst-32391 110 7 approach approach NOUN ajst-32391 110 8 only only ADV ajst-32391 110 9 introduces introduce VERB ajst-32391 110 10 additional additional ADJ ajst-32391 110 11 resistors resistor NOUN ajst-32391 110 12 to to ADP ajst-32391 110 13 the the DET ajst-32391 110 14 conventional conventional ADJ ajst-32391 110 15 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 110 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 110 17 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 110 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 110 19 resulting result VERB ajst-32391 110 20 in in ADP ajst-32391 110 21 minimal minimal ADJ ajst-32391 110 22 increases increase NOUN ajst-32391 110 23 in in ADP ajst-32391 110 24 current current ADJ ajst-32391 110 25 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 110 26 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 110 27 layout layout NOUN ajst-32391 110 28 area area NOUN ajst-32391 110 29 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 111 1 however however ADV ajst-32391 111 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 111 3 it it PRON ajst-32391 111 4 imposes impose VERB ajst-32391 111 5 stringent stringent ADJ ajst-32391 111 6 requirements requirement NOUN ajst-32391 111 7 on on ADP ajst-32391 111 8 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 111 9 values value NOUN ajst-32391 111 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 111 11 their their PRON ajst-32391 111 12 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 111 13 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 111 14 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 112 1 180 180 NUM ajst-32391 112 2 3.2.2 3.2.2 NUM ajst-32391 112 3 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 113 1 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 113 2 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 113 3 the the DET ajst-32391 113 4 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 113 5 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 113 6 method method NOUN ajst-32391 113 7 involves involve VERB ajst-32391 113 8 separate separate ADJ ajst-32391 113 9 high high ADJ ajst-32391 113 10 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 113 11 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 113 12 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 113 13 low low ADJ ajst-32391 113 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 113 15 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 113 16 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 113 17 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 113 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 114 1 the the DET ajst-32391 114 2 appropriate appropriate ADJ ajst-32391 114 3 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 114 4 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 114 5 is be AUX ajst-32391 114 6 selectively selectively ADV ajst-32391 114 7 activated activate VERB ajst-32391 114 8 due due ADP ajst-32391 114 9 to to ADP ajst-32391 114 10 different different ADJ ajst-32391 114 11 operating operating NOUN ajst-32391 114 12 temperatures temperature NOUN ajst-32391 114 13 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 115 1 a a DET ajst-32391 115 2 specific specific ADJ ajst-32391 115 3 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 115 4 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 115 5 [ [ X ajst-32391 115 6 9 9 NUM ajst-32391 115 7 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 115 8 is be AUX ajst-32391 115 9 shown show VERB ajst-32391 115 10 in in ADP ajst-32391 115 11 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 115 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 116 1 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 116 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 116 3 which which PRON ajst-32391 116 4 illustrates illustrate VERB ajst-32391 116 5 the the DET ajst-32391 116 6 use use NOUN ajst-32391 116 7 of of ADP ajst-32391 116 8 distinct distinct ADJ ajst-32391 116 9 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 116 10 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 116 11 for for ADP ajst-32391 116 12 high high ADJ ajst-32391 116 13 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 116 14 low low ADJ ajst-32391 116 15 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 116 16 intervals interval NOUN ajst-32391 116 17 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 116 18 each each PRON ajst-32391 116 19 activated activate VERB ajst-32391 116 20 within within ADP ajst-32391 116 21 its its PRON ajst-32391 116 22 respective respective ADJ ajst-32391 116 23 thermal thermal ADJ ajst-32391 116 24 range range NOUN ajst-32391 116 25 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 117 1 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 117 2 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 117 3 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 117 4 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 117 5 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 117 6 of of ADP ajst-32391 117 7 the the DET ajst-32391 117 8 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 117 9 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 117 10 scheme scheme NOUN ajst-32391 117 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 118 1 the the DET ajst-32391 118 2 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 118 3 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 118 4 is be AUX ajst-32391 118 5 divided divide VERB ajst-32391 118 6 into into ADP ajst-32391 118 7 high high ADJ ajst-32391 118 8 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 118 9 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 118 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 118 11 low low ADJ ajst-32391 118 12 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 118 13 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 118 14 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 118 15 sections section NOUN ajst-32391 118 16 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 119 1 the the DET ajst-32391 119 2 high high ADJ ajst-32391 119 3 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 4 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 119 5 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 119 6 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 119 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 8 operating operate VERB ajst-32391 119 9 in in ADP ajst-32391 119 10 the the DET ajst-32391 119 11 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 119 12 region region NOUN ajst-32391 119 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 14 consists consist VERB ajst-32391 119 15 of of ADP ajst-32391 119 16 mosfets mosfet NOUN ajst-32391 119 17 mβ‚β‚ˆ mβ‚β‚ˆ PROPN ajst-32391 119 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 19 m₁₉ m₁₉ NOUN ajst-32391 119 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 21 mβ‚‚β‚€ mβ‚‚β‚€ NOUN ajst-32391 119 22 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 23 a a DET ajst-32391 119 24 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 119 25 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 26 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 119 27 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 28 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 119 29 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 119 30 ntc ntc NOUN ajst-32391 119 31 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 119 32 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 119 33 r₆ r₆ NOUN ajst-32391 119 34 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 35 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 119 36 a a DET ajst-32391 119 37 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 119 38 transistor transistor NOUN ajst-32391 119 39 q₃. q₃. NOUN ajst-32391 119 40 m₁₉ m₁₉ NOUN ajst-32391 119 41 mirrors mirror NOUN ajst-32391 119 42 the the DET ajst-32391 119 43 zero zero NUM ajst-32391 119 44 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 45 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 119 46 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 47 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 119 48 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 119 49 ztc ztc NOUN ajst-32391 119 50 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 119 51 current current ADJ ajst-32391 119 52 i₁ i₁ PROPN ajst-32391 119 53 flowing flow VERB ajst-32391 119 54 through through ADP ajst-32391 119 55 m₁ m₁ PROPN ajst-32391 119 56 or or CCONJ ajst-32391 119 57 mβ‚‚. mβ‚‚. NOUN ajst-32391 119 58 this this DET ajst-32391 119 59 current current ADJ ajst-32391 119 60 passes pass VERB ajst-32391 119 61 through through ADP ajst-32391 119 62 r₆ r₆ PROPN ajst-32391 119 63 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 119 64 ntc ntc PROPN ajst-32391 119 65 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 119 66 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 67 generating generate VERB ajst-32391 119 68 a a DET ajst-32391 119 69 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 119 70 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 71 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 119 72 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 73 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 119 74 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 119 75 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 119 76 which which PRON ajst-32391 119 77 produces produce VERB ajst-32391 119 78 a a DET ajst-32391 119 79 high high ADJ ajst-32391 119 80 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 119 81 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 119 82 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 119 83 current current ADJ ajst-32391 119 84 iht iht NOUN ajst-32391 119 85 that that PRON ajst-32391 119 86 increases increase VERB ajst-32391 119 87 with with ADP ajst-32391 119 88 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 119 89 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 120 1 the the DET ajst-32391 120 2 gate gate NOUN ajst-32391 120 3 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 120 4 vg18 vg18 PROPN ajst-32391 120 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 120 6 mβ‚β‚ˆ mβ‚β‚ˆ NOUN ajst-32391 120 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 120 8 operating operate VERB ajst-32391 120 9 in in ADP ajst-32391 120 10 the the DET ajst-32391 120 11 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 120 12 region region NOUN ajst-32391 120 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 120 14 is be AUX ajst-32391 120 15 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 120 16 to to ADP ajst-32391 120 17 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 120 18 𝑉𝐺18 𝑉𝐺18 PROPN ajst-32391 120 19 = = SYM ajst-32391 120 20 𝐼1𝑅6 𝐼1𝑅6 PROPN ajst-32391 120 21 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 120 22 𝑉𝐡𝐸3 𝑉𝐡𝐸3 PROPN ajst-32391 120 23 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 120 24 14 14 NUM ajst-32391 120 25 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 120 26 the the DET ajst-32391 120 27 current current ADJ ajst-32391 120 28 iht iht NOUN ajst-32391 120 29 is be AUX ajst-32391 120 30 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 120 31 to to PART ajst-32391 120 32 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 120 33 𝐼𝐻𝑇 𝐼𝐻𝑇 VERB ajst-32391 120 34 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 121 1 𝐼0𝐾18𝑒π‘₯𝑝 𝐼0𝐾18𝑒π‘₯𝑝 PROPN ajst-32391 121 2 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 121 3 𝑉𝐺𝑆18 𝑉𝐺𝑆18 PROPN ajst-32391 121 4 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 121 5 𝑉𝑇𝐻18 𝑉𝑇𝐻18 PROPN ajst-32391 121 6 πœ‚π‘‰π‘‡ πœ‚π‘‰π‘‡ X ajst-32391 121 7 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 121 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 121 9 15 15 NUM ajst-32391 121 10 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 121 11 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 121 12 k18 k18 PROPN ajst-32391 121 13 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 121 14 vg18 vg18 PROPN ajst-32391 121 15 are be AUX ajst-32391 121 16 known know VERB ajst-32391 121 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 122 1 the the DET ajst-32391 122 2 low low ADJ ajst-32391 122 3 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 122 4 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 122 5 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 122 6 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 122 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 122 8 also also ADV ajst-32391 122 9 operating operate VERB ajst-32391 122 10 in in ADP ajst-32391 122 11 the the DET ajst-32391 122 12 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 122 13 region region NOUN ajst-32391 122 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 122 15 comprises comprise VERB ajst-32391 122 16 mβ‚‚β‚€ mβ‚‚β‚€ NOUN ajst-32391 122 17 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 122 18 m₂₁ m₂₁ NOUN ajst-32391 122 19 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 122 20 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 122 21 a a DET ajst-32391 122 22 positive positive ADJ ajst-32391 122 23 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 122 24 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 122 25 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 122 26 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 122 27 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 122 28 ptc ptc NOUN ajst-32391 122 29 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 122 30 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 122 31 r₇. r₇. PROPN ajst-32391 122 32 m₂₁ m₂₁ PROPN ajst-32391 122 33 mirrors mirror NOUN ajst-32391 122 34 the the DET ajst-32391 122 35 ztc ztc PROPN ajst-32391 122 36 current current PROPN ajst-32391 122 37 i₁ i₁ PROPN ajst-32391 122 38 from from ADP ajst-32391 122 39 m₁ m₁ PROPN ajst-32391 122 40 or or CCONJ ajst-32391 122 41 mβ‚‚. mβ‚‚. NOUN ajst-32391 122 42 this this DET ajst-32391 122 43 current current ADJ ajst-32391 122 44 flows flow VERB ajst-32391 122 45 through through ADP ajst-32391 122 46 r₇ r₇ PROPN ajst-32391 122 47 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 122 48 ptc ptc PROPN ajst-32391 122 49 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 122 50 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 122 51 producing produce VERB ajst-32391 122 52 a a DET ajst-32391 122 53 positive positive ADJ ajst-32391 122 54 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 122 55 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 122 56 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 122 57 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 122 58 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 122 59 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 122 60 which which PRON ajst-32391 122 61 generates generate VERB ajst-32391 122 62 a a DET ajst-32391 122 63 low low ADJ ajst-32391 122 64 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 122 65 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 122 66 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 122 67 current current ADJ ajst-32391 122 68 ilt ilt NOUN ajst-32391 122 69 that that PRON ajst-32391 122 70 increases increase VERB ajst-32391 122 71 as as ADP ajst-32391 122 72 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 122 73 decreases decrease NOUN ajst-32391 122 74 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 123 1 the the DET ajst-32391 123 2 gate gate NOUN ajst-32391 123 3 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 123 4 vg20 vg20 PROPN ajst-32391 123 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 123 6 mβ‚‚β‚€ mβ‚‚β‚€ NOUN ajst-32391 123 7 is be AUX ajst-32391 123 8 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 123 9 𝑉𝐺20 𝑉𝐺20 PROPN ajst-32391 123 10 = = SYM ajst-32391 123 11 𝐼1𝑅7 𝐼1𝑅7 PROPN ajst-32391 123 12 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 123 13 16 16 NUM ajst-32391 123 14 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 123 15 the the DET ajst-32391 123 16 current current ADJ ajst-32391 123 17 ilt ilt NOUN ajst-32391 123 18 is be AUX ajst-32391 123 19 then then ADV ajst-32391 123 20 given give VERB ajst-32391 123 21 by by ADP ajst-32391 123 22 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 123 23 𝐼𝐿𝑇 𝐼𝐿𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 123 24 = = SYM ajst-32391 123 25 𝐼0𝐾18 𝐼0𝐾18 PROPN ajst-32391 123 26 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 INTJ ajst-32391 123 27 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 123 28 𝑉𝐺𝑆20 𝑉𝐺𝑆20 PROPN ajst-32391 123 29 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 123 30 𝑉𝑇𝐻20 𝑉𝑇𝐻20 PROPN ajst-32391 123 31 πœ‚π‘‰π‘‡ πœ‚π‘‰π‘‡ NOUN ajst-32391 123 32 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 123 33 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 123 34 17 17 NUM ajst-32391 123 35 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 123 36 the the DET ajst-32391 123 37 overall overall ADJ ajst-32391 123 38 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 123 39 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 123 40 vref vref NOUN ajst-32391 123 41 is be AUX ajst-32391 123 42 expressed express VERB ajst-32391 123 43 as as ADP ajst-32391 123 44 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 123 45 181 181 NUM ajst-32391 123 46 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 NOUN ajst-32391 123 47 = = SYM ajst-32391 123 48 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 123 49 𝑉𝐡𝐸𝑄1 𝑉𝐡𝐸𝑄1 PROPN ajst-32391 123 50 𝑅1 𝑅1 PROPN ajst-32391 123 51 + + PROPN ajst-32391 123 52 𝑉𝐡𝐸𝑄1 𝑉𝐡𝐸𝑄1 PROPN ajst-32391 123 53 βˆ’π‘‰π΅πΈπ‘„2 βˆ’π‘‰π΅πΈπ‘„2 NOUN ajst-32391 123 54 𝑅2 𝑅2 NOUN ajst-32391 123 55 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 123 56 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 123 57 𝑅3 𝑅3 PROPN ajst-32391 123 58 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 123 59 𝑅4 𝑅4 NOUN ajst-32391 123 60 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 124 1 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 124 2 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 124 3 𝐼𝐿𝑇 𝐼𝐿𝑇 VERB ajst-32391 124 4 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 124 5 𝐼𝐻𝑇)𝑅4 𝐼𝐻𝑇)𝑅4 NOUN ajst-32391 124 6 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 124 7 18 18 NUM ajst-32391 124 8 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 124 9 in in ADP ajst-32391 124 10 this this DET ajst-32391 124 11 configuration configuration NOUN ajst-32391 124 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 124 13 m₁₇ m₁₇ NOUN ajst-32391 124 14 provides provide VERB ajst-32391 124 15 the the DET ajst-32391 124 16 bias bias NOUN ajst-32391 124 17 branch branch NOUN ajst-32391 124 18 for for ADP ajst-32391 124 19 the the DET ajst-32391 124 20 first first ADJ ajst-32391 124 21 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 124 22 order order NOUN ajst-32391 124 23 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 124 24 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 124 25 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 124 26 while while SCONJ ajst-32391 124 27 m₁₉ m₁₉ NOUN ajst-32391 124 28 mirrors mirror NOUN ajst-32391 124 29 the the DET ajst-32391 124 30 ztc ztc PROPN ajst-32391 124 31 current current NOUN ajst-32391 124 32 from from ADP ajst-32391 124 33 m₁ m₁ PROPN ajst-32391 124 34 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 124 35 mβ‚‚ mβ‚‚ PROPN ajst-32391 124 36 to to PART ajst-32391 124 37 generate generate VERB ajst-32391 124 38 a a DET ajst-32391 124 39 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 124 40 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 124 41 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 124 42 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 124 43 across across ADP ajst-32391 124 44 r₆ r₆ PROPN ajst-32391 124 45 [ [ PUNCT ajst-32391 124 46 8 8 NUM ajst-32391 124 47 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 124 48 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 125 1 the the DET ajst-32391 125 2 uncompensated uncompensated ADJ ajst-32391 125 3 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 125 4 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 125 5 varies vary VERB ajst-32391 125 6 from from ADP ajst-32391 125 7 a a DET ajst-32391 125 8 maximum maximum NOUN ajst-32391 125 9 of of ADP ajst-32391 125 10 1.075 1.075 NUM ajst-32391 125 11 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 125 12 v v NOUN ajst-32391 125 13 to to ADP ajst-32391 125 14 a a DET ajst-32391 125 15 minimum minimum NOUN ajst-32391 125 16 of of ADP ajst-32391 125 17 1.0733 1.0733 NUM ajst-32391 125 18 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 125 19 v v NOUN ajst-32391 125 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 125 21 with with ADP ajst-32391 125 22 a a DET ajst-32391 125 23 total total ADJ ajst-32391 125 24 variation variation NOUN ajst-32391 125 25 of of ADP ajst-32391 125 26 1.7 1.7 NUM ajst-32391 125 27 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 125 28 mv mv PROPN ajst-32391 125 29 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 125 30 a a DET ajst-32391 125 31 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 125 32 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 125 33 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 125 34 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 125 35 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 125 36 of of ADP ajst-32391 125 37 9.85 9.85 NUM ajst-32391 125 38 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 125 39 Γ— Γ— NOUN ajst-32391 125 40 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 125 41 10⁻⁢/ 10⁻⁢/ NUM ajst-32391 125 42 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 125 43 c c NOUN ajst-32391 125 44 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 126 1 after after ADP ajst-32391 126 2 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 126 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 126 4 the the DET ajst-32391 126 5 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 126 6 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 126 7 is be AUX ajst-32391 126 8 nearly nearly ADV ajst-32391 126 9 1.075652 1.075652 NUM ajst-32391 126 10 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 126 11 v v NOUN ajst-32391 126 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 126 13 with with ADP ajst-32391 126 14 a a DET ajst-32391 126 15 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 126 16 of of ADP ajst-32391 126 17 1.58 1.58 NUM ajst-32391 126 18 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 126 19 Γ— Γ— NOUN ajst-32391 126 20 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 126 21 10⁻⁢/ 10⁻⁢/ NUM ajst-32391 126 22 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 126 23 c c NOUN ajst-32391 126 24 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 126 25 indicating indicate VERB ajst-32391 126 26 a a DET ajst-32391 126 27 significant significant ADJ ajst-32391 126 28 improvement improvement NOUN ajst-32391 126 29 in in ADP ajst-32391 126 30 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 126 31 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 126 32 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 127 1 3.2.3 3.2.3 X ajst-32391 127 2 . . X ajst-32391 127 3 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 127 4 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 127 5 a a DET ajst-32391 127 6 common common ADJ ajst-32391 127 7 approach approach NOUN ajst-32391 127 8 for for ADP ajst-32391 127 9 precision precision NOUN ajst-32391 127 10 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 127 11 involves involve VERB ajst-32391 127 12 designing design VERB ajst-32391 127 13 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 127 14 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 127 15 based base VERB ajst-32391 127 16 on on ADP ajst-32391 127 17 the the DET ajst-32391 127 18 current current ADJ ajst-32391 127 19 or or CCONJ ajst-32391 127 20 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 127 21 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 127 22 of of ADP ajst-32391 127 23 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 127 24 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 127 25 with with ADP ajst-32391 127 26 different different ADJ ajst-32391 127 27 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 127 28 behaviors behavior NOUN ajst-32391 127 29 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 127 30 building build VERB ajst-32391 127 31 upon upon SCONJ ajst-32391 127 32 a a DET ajst-32391 127 33 first first ADJ ajst-32391 127 34 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 127 35 order order NOUN ajst-32391 127 36 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 127 37 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 127 38 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 127 39 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 128 1 to to PART ajst-32391 128 2 address address VERB ajst-32391 128 3 this this PRON ajst-32391 128 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 128 5 huang huang PROPN ajst-32391 128 6 et et PROPN ajst-32391 128 7 al al PROPN ajst-32391 128 8 . . PROPN ajst-32391 128 9 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 128 10 a a DET ajst-32391 128 11 method method NOUN ajst-32391 128 12 utilizing utilize VERB ajst-32391 128 13 mosfets mosfet NOUN ajst-32391 128 14 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 128 15 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 128 16 to to PART ajst-32391 128 17 generate generate VERB ajst-32391 128 18 a a DET ajst-32391 128 19 compensating compensating NOUN ajst-32391 128 20 term term NOUN ajst-32391 128 21 that that PRON ajst-32391 128 22 deals deal VERB ajst-32391 128 23 with with ADP ajst-32391 128 24 the the DET ajst-32391 128 25 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 128 26 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 128 27 order order NOUN ajst-32391 128 28 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ ajst-32391 128 29 component component NOUN ajst-32391 128 30 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 128 31 ln(𝑇)in ln(𝑇)in NOUN ajst-32391 128 32 the the DET ajst-32391 128 33 base base NOUN ajst-32391 128 34 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 128 35 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 128 36 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 128 37 [ [ X ajst-32391 128 38 10 10 NUM ajst-32391 128 39 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 128 40 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 129 1 the the DET ajst-32391 129 2 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 129 3 module module NOUN ajst-32391 129 4 for for ADP ajst-32391 129 5 precision precision NOUN ajst-32391 129 6 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 129 7 is be AUX ajst-32391 129 8 illustrated illustrate VERB ajst-32391 129 9 in in ADP ajst-32391 129 10 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 129 11 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 129 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 130 1 vdd vdd PROPN ajst-32391 130 2 r5 r5 PROPN ajst-32391 130 3 vb2 vb2 VERB ajst-32391 130 4 m m NOUN ajst-32391 130 5 = = NOUN ajst-32391 130 6 p p NOUN ajst-32391 130 7 m m NOUN ajst-32391 130 8 = = PROPN ajst-32391 130 9 p p X ajst-32391 130 10 m=1 m=1 PROPN ajst-32391 130 11 m1 m1 PROPN ajst-32391 130 12 m2 m2 PROPN ajst-32391 130 13 i1vb2 i1vb2 VERB ajst-32391 130 14 vb1 vb1 NOUN ajst-32391 130 15 bias bias NOUN ajst-32391 130 16 circuit circuit PROPN ajst-32391 130 17 i2 i2 PROPN ajst-32391 130 18 icomp icomp PROPN ajst-32391 130 19 fig fig PROPN ajst-32391 130 20 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 130 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 131 1 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 131 2 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 131 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 131 4 the the DET ajst-32391 131 5 precision precision NOUN ajst-32391 131 6 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 131 7 scheme scheme NOUN ajst-32391 131 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 132 1 in in ADP ajst-32391 132 2 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 132 3 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 132 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 132 5 i1 i1 PROPN ajst-32391 132 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 132 7 i2 i2 PROPN ajst-32391 132 8 are be AUX ajst-32391 132 9 bias bias NOUN ajst-32391 132 10 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 132 11 generated generate VERB ajst-32391 132 12 by by ADP ajst-32391 132 13 the the DET ajst-32391 132 14 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 132 15 amplifier amplifier NOUN ajst-32391 132 16 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 132 17 the the DET ajst-32391 132 18 base base NOUN ajst-32391 132 19 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 132 20 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 132 21 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 132 22 difference difference NOUN ajst-32391 132 23 of of ADP ajst-32391 132 24 the the DET ajst-32391 132 25 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 132 26 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 132 27 respectively respectively ADV ajst-32391 132 28 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 133 1 their their PRON ajst-32391 133 2 values value NOUN ajst-32391 133 3 are be AUX ajst-32391 133 4 given give VERB ajst-32391 133 5 by by ADP ajst-32391 133 6 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 133 7 𝐼1 𝐼1 NOUN ajst-32391 133 8 = = NOUN ajst-32391 133 9 𝑃1 𝑃1 NOUN ajst-32391 133 10 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 133 11 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON ajst-32391 133 12 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 133 13 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 133 14 π‘ž π‘ž PART ajst-32391 133 15 𝑅8 𝑅8 PROPN ajst-32391 133 16 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 133 17 19 19 NUM ajst-32391 133 18 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 133 19 𝐼2 𝐼2 NOUN ajst-32391 133 20 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 133 21 𝑃2 𝑃2 PRON ajst-32391 133 22 𝑉𝐡𝐸2 𝑉𝐡𝐸2 PROPN ajst-32391 133 23 𝑅9 𝑅9 NOUN ajst-32391 133 24 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 133 25 20 20 NUM ajst-32391 133 26 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 133 27 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 133 28 𝑃1 𝑃1 NOUN ajst-32391 133 29 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 133 30 𝑃2 𝑃2 NOUN ajst-32391 133 31 are be AUX ajst-32391 133 32 mirroring mirror VERB ajst-32391 133 33 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 133 34 coefficients coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 133 35 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 134 1 the the DET ajst-32391 134 2 target target NOUN ajst-32391 134 3 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 134 4 current current ADJ ajst-32391 134 5 πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ PROPN ajst-32391 134 6 is be AUX ajst-32391 134 7 expressed express VERB ajst-32391 134 8 as as ADP ajst-32391 134 9 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 134 10 πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ PROPN ajst-32391 134 11 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 134 12 𝐼1 𝐼1 NOUN ajst-32391 134 13 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 INTJ ajst-32391 134 14 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 134 15 √ √ PROPN ajst-32391 134 16 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 134 17 πœ‡(𝑇)πΆπ‘œπ‘₯ πœ‡(𝑇)πΆπ‘œπ‘₯ NOUN ajst-32391 135 1 π‘Šπ‘ π‘Šπ‘ PROPN ajst-32391 135 2 𝐿𝑐 𝐿𝑐 PROPN ajst-32391 135 3 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 135 4 √𝐼1 √𝐼1 VERB ajst-32391 135 5 βˆ’βˆš βˆ’βˆš NUM ajst-32391 135 6 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 135 7 𝑝 𝑝 NOUN ajst-32391 135 8 𝐼1 𝐼1 NOUN ajst-32391 135 9 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 135 10 𝐼2 𝐼2 NOUN ajst-32391 135 11 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 135 12 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 135 13 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 135 14 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 135 15 21 21 NUM ajst-32391 135 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 135 17 182 182 NUM ajst-32391 135 18 this this DET ajst-32391 135 19 expression expression NOUN ajst-32391 135 20 indicates indicate VERB ajst-32391 135 21 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 135 22 πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ PROPN ajst-32391 135 23 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 135 24 strong strong ADJ ajst-32391 135 25 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 135 26 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 135 27 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 135 28 nonlinearity nonlinearity NOUN ajst-32391 135 29 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 136 1 the the DET ajst-32391 136 2 design design NOUN ajst-32391 136 3 objective objective NOUN ajst-32391 136 4 of of ADP ajst-32391 136 5 the the DET ajst-32391 136 6 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 136 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 136 8 order order NOUN ajst-32391 136 9 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 136 10 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 136 11 compensated compensate VERB ajst-32391 136 12 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 136 13 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 136 14 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 136 15 is be AUX ajst-32391 136 16 to to PART ajst-32391 136 17 mitigate mitigate VERB ajst-32391 136 18 the the DET ajst-32391 136 19 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 136 20 ln(𝑇 ln(𝑇 NOUN ajst-32391 136 21 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 136 22 component component NOUN ajst-32391 136 23 inherent inherent ADJ ajst-32391 136 24 in in ADP ajst-32391 136 25 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 PROPN ajst-32391 136 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 137 1 by by ADP ajst-32391 137 2 carefully carefully ADV ajst-32391 137 3 designing design VERB ajst-32391 137 4 the the DET ajst-32391 137 5 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 137 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 137 7 πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ PROPN ajst-32391 137 8 can can AUX ajst-32391 137 9 be be AUX ajst-32391 137 10 aligned align VERB ajst-32391 137 11 with with ADP ajst-32391 137 12 the the DET ajst-32391 137 13 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 137 14 ln(𝑇 ln(𝑇 NOUN ajst-32391 137 15 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 137 16 term term NOUN ajst-32391 137 17 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 137 18 thereby thereby ADV ajst-32391 137 19 achieving achieve VERB ajst-32391 137 20 effective effective ADJ ajst-32391 137 21 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 137 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 138 1 without without ADP ajst-32391 138 2 introducing introduce VERB ajst-32391 138 3 πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ πΌπ‘π‘œπ‘šπ‘ PROPN ajst-32391 138 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 138 5 the the DET ajst-32391 138 6 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 138 7 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 138 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 138 9 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 138 10 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 138 11 is be AUX ajst-32391 138 12 9.3 9.3 NUM ajst-32391 138 13 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 138 14 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 138 15 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 138 16 c c NOUN ajst-32391 138 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 139 1 after after ADP ajst-32391 139 2 applying apply VERB ajst-32391 139 3 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 139 4 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 139 5 order order NOUN ajst-32391 139 6 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 139 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 139 8 the the DET ajst-32391 139 9 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 139 10 is be AUX ajst-32391 139 11 reduced reduce VERB ajst-32391 139 12 to to ADP ajst-32391 139 13 0.611 0.611 NUM ajst-32391 139 14 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 139 15 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 139 16 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 139 17 c c NOUN ajst-32391 139 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 139 19 demonstrating demonstrate VERB ajst-32391 139 20 significant significant ADJ ajst-32391 139 21 improvement improvement NOUN ajst-32391 139 22 in in ADP ajst-32391 139 23 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ ajst-32391 139 24 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 139 25 correction correction NOUN ajst-32391 139 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 140 1 3.2.4 3.2.4 NUM ajst-32391 140 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 141 1 other other ADJ ajst-32391 141 2 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 141 3 schemes scheme NOUN ajst-32391 141 4 in in ADP ajst-32391 141 5 1994 1994 NUM ajst-32391 141 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 141 7 lee lee PROPN ajst-32391 141 8 et et PROPN ajst-32391 141 9 al al PROPN ajst-32391 141 10 . . PROPN ajst-32391 142 1 first first PROPN ajst-32391 142 2 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 142 3 an an DET ajst-32391 142 4 exponential exponential ADJ ajst-32391 142 5 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 142 6 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 142 7 scheme scheme NOUN ajst-32391 142 8 [ [ X ajst-32391 142 9 11 11 NUM ajst-32391 142 10 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 142 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 143 1 this this DET ajst-32391 143 2 method method NOUN ajst-32391 143 3 utilizes utilize VERB ajst-32391 143 4 the the DET ajst-32391 143 5 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 143 6 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 143 7 dependent dependent ADJ ajst-32391 143 8 current current ADJ ajst-32391 143 9 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 143 10 Ξ² Ξ² X ajst-32391 143 11 of of ADP ajst-32391 143 12 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 143 13 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 143 14 to to PART ajst-32391 143 15 generate generate VERB ajst-32391 143 16 an an DET ajst-32391 143 17 exponential exponential ADJ ajst-32391 143 18 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 143 19 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 143 20 that that PRON ajst-32391 143 21 counteracts counteract VERB ajst-32391 143 22 the the DET ajst-32391 143 23 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 143 24 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 143 25 order order NOUN ajst-32391 143 26 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 143 27 of of ADP ajst-32391 143 28 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 NOUN ajst-32391 143 29 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 143 30 thereby thereby ADV ajst-32391 143 31 enhancing enhance VERB ajst-32391 143 32 its its PRON ajst-32391 143 33 linearity linearity NOUN ajst-32391 143 34 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 144 1 the the DET ajst-32391 144 2 current current ADJ ajst-32391 144 3 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 144 4 Ξ² Ξ² NOUN ajst-32391 144 5 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 144 6 an an DET ajst-32391 144 7 inverse inverse ADJ ajst-32391 144 8 exponential exponential NOUN ajst-32391 144 9 relationship relationship NOUN ajst-32391 144 10 with with ADP ajst-32391 144 11 the the DET ajst-32391 144 12 emitter emitter NOUN ajst-32391 144 13 doping doping NOUN ajst-32391 144 14 concentration concentration NOUN ajst-32391 144 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 144 16 expressed express VERB ajst-32391 144 17 as as ADP ajst-32391 144 18 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 144 19 𝛽(𝑇 𝛽(𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 144 20 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 145 1 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 145 2 π›½βˆž π›½βˆž PROPN ajst-32391 145 3 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 𝑒π‘₯𝑝 INTJ ajst-32391 145 4 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 145 5 βˆ’βˆ†πΈπΊ βˆ’βˆ†πΈπΊ ADP ajst-32391 145 6 π‘˜π‘‡ π‘˜π‘‡ PROPN ajst-32391 145 7 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 145 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 145 9 22 22 NUM ajst-32391 145 10 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 145 11 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 145 12 Ξ²(t Ξ²(t NOUN ajst-32391 145 13 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 145 14 means mean VERB ajst-32391 145 15 the the DET ajst-32391 145 16 current current ADJ ajst-32391 145 17 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 145 18 at at ADP ajst-32391 145 19 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 145 20 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 145 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 145 22 β∞ β∞ NUM ajst-32391 145 23 is be AUX ajst-32391 145 24 the the DET ajst-32391 145 25 asymptotic asymptotic ADJ ajst-32391 145 26 current current ADJ ajst-32391 145 27 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 145 28 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 145 29 βˆ†eg βˆ†eg PROPN ajst-32391 145 30 is be AUX ajst-32391 145 31 the the DET ajst-32391 145 32 energy energy NOUN ajst-32391 145 33 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 145 34 reduction reduction NOUN ajst-32391 145 35 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 145 36 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 145 37 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON ajst-32391 145 38 is be AUX ajst-32391 145 39 the the DET ajst-32391 145 40 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN ajst-32391 145 41 constant constant PROPN ajst-32391 145 42 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 146 1 this this DET ajst-32391 146 2 formulation formulation NOUN ajst-32391 146 3 indicates indicate VERB ajst-32391 146 4 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 146 5 as as ADP ajst-32391 146 6 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 146 7 tt tt PROPN ajst-32391 146 8 increases increase NOUN ajst-32391 146 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 146 10 the the DET ajst-32391 146 11 current current ADJ ajst-32391 146 12 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 146 13 Ξ² Ξ² X ajst-32391 146 14 grows grow VERB ajst-32391 146 15 exponentially exponentially ADV ajst-32391 146 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 146 17 thereby thereby ADV ajst-32391 146 18 compensating compensate VERB ajst-32391 146 19 for for ADP ajst-32391 146 20 the the DET ajst-32391 146 21 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 146 22 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 146 23 order order NOUN ajst-32391 146 24 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 146 25 of of ADP ajst-32391 146 26 𝑉𝐡𝐸 𝑉𝐡𝐸 NOUN ajst-32391 146 27 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 147 1 experimental experimental ADJ ajst-32391 147 2 results result NOUN ajst-32391 147 3 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ajst-32391 147 4 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 147 5 this this DET ajst-32391 147 6 approach approach NOUN ajst-32391 147 7 attains attain VERB ajst-32391 147 8 a a DET ajst-32391 147 9 1.45 1.45 NUM ajst-32391 147 10 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 147 11 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 147 12 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 147 13 c c NOUN ajst-32391 147 14 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 147 15 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 147 16 without without ADP ajst-32391 147 17 requiring require VERB ajst-32391 147 18 additional additional ADJ ajst-32391 147 19 circuitry circuitry NOUN ajst-32391 147 20 β€” β€” PUNCT ajst-32391 147 21 only only ADJ ajst-32391 147 22 adjustments adjustment NOUN ajst-32391 147 23 to to ADP ajst-32391 147 24 transistor transistor NOUN ajst-32391 147 25 dimensions dimension NOUN ajst-32391 147 26 are be AUX ajst-32391 147 27 necessary necessary ADJ ajst-32391 147 28 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 148 1 4 4 X ajst-32391 148 2 . . X ajst-32391 148 3 non non ADJ ajst-32391 148 4 - - ADJ ajst-32391 148 5 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 148 6 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 148 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 148 8 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 148 9 the the DET ajst-32391 148 10 name name NOUN ajst-32391 148 11 implies imply VERB ajst-32391 148 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 148 13 non non ADJ ajst-32391 148 14 - - ADJ ajst-32391 148 15 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 148 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 148 17 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 148 18 do do AUX ajst-32391 148 19 not not PART ajst-32391 148 20 utilize utilize VERB ajst-32391 148 21 the the DET ajst-32391 148 22 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 148 23 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 148 24 as as ADP ajst-32391 148 25 a a DET ajst-32391 148 26 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 148 27 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 149 1 instead instead ADV ajst-32391 149 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 149 3 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 149 4 shown show VERB ajst-32391 149 5 in in ADP ajst-32391 149 6 fig.7 fig.7 ADJ ajst-32391 149 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 149 8 they they PRON ajst-32391 149 9 can can AUX ajst-32391 149 10 be be AUX ajst-32391 149 11 understood understand VERB ajst-32391 149 12 as as ADP ajst-32391 149 13 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 149 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 149 15 only only ADJ ajst-32391 149 16 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 149 17 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 149 18 that that PRON ajst-32391 149 19 exclude exclude VERB ajst-32391 149 20 bipolar bipolar ADJ ajst-32391 149 21 junction junction NOUN ajst-32391 149 22 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 149 23 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 149 24 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 149 25 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 149 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 150 1 compared compare VERB ajst-32391 150 2 to to ADP ajst-32391 150 3 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 150 4 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 150 5 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 150 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 150 7 non non ADJ ajst-32391 150 8 - - ADJ ajst-32391 150 9 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 150 10 architectures architecture NOUN ajst-32391 150 11 often often ADV ajst-32391 150 12 lack lack VERB ajst-32391 150 13 effective effective ADJ ajst-32391 150 14 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 150 15 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 150 16 mechanisms mechanism NOUN ajst-32391 150 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 151 1 a a DET ajst-32391 151 2 common common ADJ ajst-32391 151 3 implementation implementation NOUN ajst-32391 151 4 involves involve VERB ajst-32391 151 5 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 151 6 that that PRON ajst-32391 151 7 leverage leverage VERB ajst-32391 151 8 the the DET ajst-32391 151 9 threshold threshold NOUN ajst-32391 151 10 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 151 11 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 151 12 vth vth NOUN ajst-32391 151 13 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 151 14 of of ADP ajst-32391 151 15 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 151 16 transistors transistor NOUN ajst-32391 151 17 as as ADP ajst-32391 151 18 a a DET ajst-32391 151 19 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 151 20 element element NOUN ajst-32391 151 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 152 1 such such ADJ ajst-32391 152 2 implementations implementation NOUN ajst-32391 152 3 generally generally ADV ajst-32391 152 4 suffer suffer VERB ajst-32391 152 5 from from ADP ajst-32391 152 6 substantial substantial ADJ ajst-32391 152 7 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 152 8 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 152 9 induced induce VERB ajst-32391 152 10 variation variation NOUN ajst-32391 152 11 owing owe VERB ajst-32391 152 12 to to ADP ajst-32391 152 13 inadequate inadequate ADJ ajst-32391 152 14 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 152 15 mechanisms mechanism NOUN ajst-32391 152 16 shown show VERB ajst-32391 152 17 below below ADP ajst-32391 152 18 is be AUX ajst-32391 152 19 a a DET ajst-32391 152 20 typical typical ADJ ajst-32391 152 21 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 152 22 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 152 23 based base VERB ajst-32391 152 24 non non ADJ ajst-32391 152 25 - - ADJ ajst-32391 152 26 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 152 27 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 152 28 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 153 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 153 2 12 12 NUM ajst-32391 153 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 153 4 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 154 1 vdd vdd PROPN ajst-32391 154 2 vref vref PROPN ajst-32391 154 3 pm1 pm1 PROPN ajst-32391 154 4 pm2 pm2 PROPN ajst-32391 154 5 pm5 pm5 NOUN ajst-32391 154 6 pm3 pm3 PROPN ajst-32391 154 7 nm1 nm1 VERB ajst-32391 154 8 pm4 pm4 NOUN ajst-32391 154 9 nm2 nm2 ADJ ajst-32391 154 10 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 154 11 7 7 NUM ajst-32391 154 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 154 13 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 154 14 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 154 15 of of ADP ajst-32391 154 16 the the DET ajst-32391 154 17 non non ADJ ajst-32391 154 18 - - ADJ ajst-32391 154 19 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 154 20 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 154 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 155 1 183 183 NUM ajst-32391 155 2 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 155 3 analysis analysis NOUN ajst-32391 155 4 reveals reveal VERB ajst-32391 155 5 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 155 6 pm₃ pm₃ NOUN ajst-32391 155 7 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 155 8 nm₁ nm₁ NOUN ajst-32391 155 9 function function NOUN ajst-32391 155 10 in in ADP ajst-32391 155 11 the the DET ajst-32391 155 12 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 155 13 regime regime NOUN ajst-32391 155 14 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 155 15 whereas whereas SCONJ ajst-32391 155 16 pmβ‚„ pmβ‚„ PROPN ajst-32391 155 17 operates operate VERB ajst-32391 155 18 in in ADP ajst-32391 155 19 the the DET ajst-32391 155 20 linear linear ADJ ajst-32391 155 21 region region NOUN ajst-32391 155 22 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 155 23 may may AUX ajst-32391 155 24 be be AUX ajst-32391 155 25 represented represent VERB ajst-32391 155 26 as as ADP ajst-32391 155 27 an an DET ajst-32391 155 28 equivalent equivalent ADJ ajst-32391 155 29 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 155 30 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 156 1 the the DET ajst-32391 156 2 current current ADJ ajst-32391 156 3 iptat iptat NOUN ajst-32391 156 4 is be AUX ajst-32391 156 5 determined determine VERB ajst-32391 156 6 as as SCONJ ajst-32391 156 7 follows follow VERB ajst-32391 156 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 157 1 under under ADP ajst-32391 157 2 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 157 3 operation operation NOUN ajst-32391 157 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 157 5 the the DET ajst-32391 157 6 gate gate NOUN ajst-32391 157 7 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 157 8 source source NOUN ajst-32391 157 9 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 157 10 of of ADP ajst-32391 157 11 nm₁ nm₁ NOUN ajst-32391 157 12 complies complie NOUN ajst-32391 157 13 with with ADP ajst-32391 157 14 the the DET ajst-32391 157 15 following follow VERB ajst-32391 157 16 expression expression NOUN ajst-32391 157 17 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 158 1 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁1 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 158 2 = = SYM ajst-32391 158 3 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑁1 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 158 4 + + PUNCT ajst-32391 158 5 π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ PUNCT ajst-32391 158 6 + + NUM ajst-32391 158 7 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 158 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 9 𝐼 𝐼 PROPN ajst-32391 158 10 𝐷𝑆𝑁1 𝐷𝑆𝑁1 VERB ajst-32391 158 11 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 158 12 2πœ‡π‘1πΆπ‘œπ‘₯𝐾𝑁1 2πœ‡π‘1πΆπ‘œπ‘₯𝐾𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 158 13 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 14 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 15 23 23 X ajst-32391 158 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 17 pmβ‚„ pmβ‚„ NOUN ajst-32391 158 18 operates operate VERB ajst-32391 158 19 in in ADP ajst-32391 158 20 the the DET ajst-32391 158 21 linear linear ADJ ajst-32391 158 22 region region NOUN ajst-32391 158 23 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 158 24 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 158 25 its its PRON ajst-32391 158 26 equivalent equivalent ADJ ajst-32391 158 27 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 158 28 can can AUX ajst-32391 158 29 be be AUX ajst-32391 158 30 expressed express VERB ajst-32391 158 31 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 158 32 π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 NOUN ajst-32391 158 33 = = SYM ajst-32391 158 34 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 158 35 πœ‡π‘ƒ πœ‡π‘ƒ PROPN ajst-32391 158 36 πΆπ‘œπ‘₯ πΆπ‘œπ‘₯ PROPN ajst-32391 158 37 𝐾𝑃4(𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁1 𝐾𝑃4(𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 158 38 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 158 39 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑃4 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑃4 PROPN ajst-32391 158 40 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 41 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 42 24 24 NUM ajst-32391 158 43 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 44 let let VERB ajst-32391 158 45 ΞΌp ΞΌp ADP ajst-32391 158 46 cox cox PROPN ajst-32391 158 47 kp4 kp4 PROPN ajst-32391 158 48 = = SYM ajst-32391 158 49 𝛽𝑃4 𝛽𝑃4 PROPN ajst-32391 158 50 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 158 51 differentiating differentiate VERB ajst-32391 158 52 both both DET ajst-32391 158 53 sides side NOUN ajst-32391 158 54 of of ADP ajst-32391 158 55 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 158 56 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 57 24 24 NUM ajst-32391 158 58 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 59 with with ADP ajst-32391 158 60 respect respect NOUN ajst-32391 158 61 to to ADP ajst-32391 158 62 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 158 63 yields yield NOUN ajst-32391 158 64 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 158 65 πœ•π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 πœ•π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 NOUN ajst-32391 158 66 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ NOUN ajst-32391 158 67 = = SYM ajst-32391 158 68 πœ•π‘‰π‘‡π» πœ•π‘‰π‘‡π» NOUN ajst-32391 158 69 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ X ajst-32391 158 70 = = SYM ajst-32391 158 71 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 158 72 𝛽𝑃4 𝛽𝑃4 NOUN ajst-32391 158 73 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 158 74 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 75 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑃4 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑃4 PROPN ajst-32391 158 76 βˆ’ βˆ’ PRON ajst-32391 158 77 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑃4 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑃4 SYM ajst-32391 158 78 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 79 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 158 80 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 81 25 25 NUM ajst-32391 158 82 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 83 from from ADP ajst-32391 158 84 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 158 85 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 158 86 25 25 NUM ajst-32391 158 87 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 158 88 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 158 89 it it PRON ajst-32391 158 90 is be AUX ajst-32391 158 91 evident evident ADJ ajst-32391 158 92 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 158 93 since since SCONJ ajst-32391 158 94 βˆ‚vth βˆ‚vth NOUN ajst-32391 158 95 βˆ‚t βˆ‚t PROPN ajst-32391 158 96 is be AUX ajst-32391 158 97 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 158 98 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 158 99 the the DET ajst-32391 158 100 equivalent equivalent ADJ ajst-32391 158 101 resistance resistance NOUN ajst-32391 158 102 has have VERB ajst-32391 158 103 a a DET ajst-32391 158 104 negative negative ADJ ajst-32391 158 105 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 158 106 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 158 107 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 158 108 meaning mean VERB ajst-32391 158 109 its its PRON ajst-32391 158 110 value value NOUN ajst-32391 158 111 decreases decrease NOUN ajst-32391 158 112 as as ADP ajst-32391 158 113 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 158 114 increases increase NOUN ajst-32391 158 115 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 159 1 given give VERB ajst-32391 159 2 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 159 3 the the DET ajst-32391 159 4 currents current NOUN ajst-32391 159 5 in in ADP ajst-32391 159 6 the the DET ajst-32391 159 7 two two NUM ajst-32391 159 8 branches branch NOUN ajst-32391 159 9 of of ADP ajst-32391 159 10 the the DET ajst-32391 159 11 bias bias NOUN ajst-32391 159 12 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 159 13 are be AUX ajst-32391 159 14 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 159 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 159 16 i.e. i.e. X ajst-32391 159 17 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 159 18 idsn1 idsn1 NOUN ajst-32391 159 19 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 159 20 idsp4 idsp4 NOUN ajst-32391 159 21 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 159 22 iptat iptat NOUN ajst-32391 159 23 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 159 24 the the DET ajst-32391 159 25 following follow VERB ajst-32391 159 26 holds hold VERB ajst-32391 159 27 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 160 1 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁1 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 160 2 = = SYM ajst-32391 160 3 𝐼 𝐼 ADP ajst-32391 160 4 𝐷𝑆𝑃4 𝐷𝑆𝑃4 PROPN ajst-32391 160 5 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 160 6 π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 PROPN ajst-32391 160 7 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 160 8 26 26 NUM ajst-32391 160 9 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 160 10 substituting substitute VERB ajst-32391 160 11 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 160 12 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 160 13 24 24 NUM ajst-32391 160 14 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 160 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 160 16 idsn1 idsn1 NOUN ajst-32391 161 1 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 161 2 idsp4 idsp4 NOUN ajst-32391 161 3 = = SYM ajst-32391 161 4 iptat iptat VERB ajst-32391 161 5 into into ADP ajst-32391 161 6 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 161 7 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 161 8 26 26 NUM ajst-32391 161 9 ): ): PUNCT ajst-32391 162 1 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 162 2 = = SYM ajst-32391 162 3 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑁1 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 162 4 + + NOUN ajst-32391 162 5 π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ ADV ajst-32391 162 6 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 162 7 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 162 8 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 162 9 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 162 10 2πœ‡π‘1πΆπ‘œπ‘₯𝐾𝑁1 2πœ‡π‘1πΆπ‘œπ‘₯𝐾𝑁1 PROPN ajst-32391 162 11 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 163 1 π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 π‘…π‘œπ‘›π‘ƒ4 PROPN ajst-32391 163 2 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 163 3 27 27 NUM ajst-32391 163 4 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 163 5 to to PART ajst-32391 163 6 produce produce VERB ajst-32391 163 7 the the DET ajst-32391 163 8 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 163 9 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 163 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 163 11 the the DET ajst-32391 163 12 current current NOUN ajst-32391 163 13 is be AUX ajst-32391 163 14 replicated replicate VERB ajst-32391 163 15 into into ADP ajst-32391 163 16 the the DET ajst-32391 163 17 nmβ‚‚ nmβ‚‚ NOUN ajst-32391 163 18 branch branch NOUN ajst-32391 163 19 via via ADP ajst-32391 163 20 current current ADJ ajst-32391 163 21 mirroring mirroring NOUN ajst-32391 163 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 164 1 assuming assume VERB ajst-32391 164 2 the the DET ajst-32391 164 3 aspect aspect NOUN ajst-32391 164 4 ratios ratio NOUN ajst-32391 164 5 of of ADP ajst-32391 164 6 pm₁ pm₁ NOUN ajst-32391 164 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 8 pmβ‚‚ pmβ‚‚ PROPN ajst-32391 164 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 164 11 pmβ‚… pmβ‚… PROPN ajst-32391 164 12 are be AUX ajst-32391 164 13 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 164 14 : : SYM ajst-32391 164 15 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 164 16 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 164 17 a a X ajst-32391 164 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 19 the the DET ajst-32391 164 20 current current ADJ ajst-32391 164 21 mirror mirror NOUN ajst-32391 164 22 gain gain NOUN ajst-32391 164 23 is be AUX ajst-32391 164 24 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 164 25 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 164 26 a a X ajst-32391 164 27 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 28 yielding yield VERB ajst-32391 164 29 the the DET ajst-32391 164 30 current current NOUN ajst-32391 164 31 through through ADP ajst-32391 164 32 nmβ‚‚ nmβ‚‚ NOUN ajst-32391 164 33 as as ADP ajst-32391 164 34 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 164 35 𝐼𝐷𝑆𝑁2 𝐼𝐷𝑆𝑁2 PROPN ajst-32391 164 36 = = SYM ajst-32391 164 37 π‘ŽπΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ π‘ŽπΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ PROPN ajst-32391 164 38 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 164 39 28 28 NUM ajst-32391 164 40 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 164 41 based base VERB ajst-32391 164 42 on on ADP ajst-32391 164 43 the the DET ajst-32391 164 44 subthreshold subthreshold NOUN ajst-32391 164 45 i i PROPN ajst-32391 164 46 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 164 47 v v NOUN ajst-32391 164 48 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 164 49 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 50 the the DET ajst-32391 164 51 gate gate NOUN ajst-32391 164 52 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 164 53 source source NOUN ajst-32391 164 54 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 164 55 of of ADP ajst-32391 164 56 nmβ‚‚ nmβ‚‚ NOUN ajst-32391 164 57 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 58 i.e. i.e. X ajst-32391 164 59 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 164 60 vref vref NOUN ajst-32391 164 61 is be AUX ajst-32391 164 62 equal equal ADJ ajst-32391 164 63 to to ADP ajst-32391 164 64 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 164 65 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 164 66 = = SYM ajst-32391 164 67 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁2 𝑉𝐺𝑆𝑁2 PROPN ajst-32391 164 68 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 165 1 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑁2 𝑉𝑇𝐻𝑁2 PROPN ajst-32391 166 1 + + ADP ajst-32391 166 2 π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ ADV ajst-32391 166 3 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 166 4 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 166 5 π‘Ž π‘Ž X ajst-32391 166 6 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 166 7 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 166 8 2πœ‡π‘2πΆπ‘œπ‘₯𝐾𝑁2 2πœ‡π‘2πΆπ‘œπ‘₯𝐾𝑁2 NUM ajst-32391 166 9 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 166 10 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 166 11 29 29 NUM ajst-32391 166 12 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 166 13 let let VERB ajst-32391 166 14 ΞΌn2coxkn2 ΞΌn2coxkn2 NOUN ajst-32391 166 15 = = SYM ajst-32391 166 16 𝛽𝑁2 𝛽𝑁2 PROPN ajst-32391 166 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 166 18 differentiating differentiate VERB ajst-32391 166 19 both both DET ajst-32391 166 20 sides side NOUN ajst-32391 166 21 of of ADP ajst-32391 166 22 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 166 23 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 166 24 28 28 NUM ajst-32391 166 25 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 166 26 with with ADP ajst-32391 166 27 respect respect NOUN ajst-32391 166 28 to to ADP ajst-32391 166 29 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 166 30 t t NOUN ajst-32391 166 31 gives give VERB ajst-32391 166 32 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 166 33 πœ•π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉ πœ•π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉ NOUN ajst-32391 166 34 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ NOUN ajst-32391 167 1 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 168 1 πœ•π‘‰π‘‡π»π‘2 πœ•π‘‰π‘‡π»π‘2 CCONJ ajst-32391 168 2 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ X ajst-32391 168 3 + + NOUN ajst-32391 168 4 π‘š π‘š X ajst-32391 168 5 π‘˜ π‘˜ X ajst-32391 168 6 π‘ž π‘ž X ajst-32391 168 7 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 X ajst-32391 168 8 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 168 9 π‘ŽπΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ π‘ŽπΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ PROPN ajst-32391 168 10 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 168 11 2𝛽𝑁2 2𝛽𝑁2 PROPN ajst-32391 168 12 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 169 1 + + ADP ajst-32391 169 2 π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ π‘šπ‘‰π‘‡ ADV ajst-32391 169 3 βˆ™ βˆ™ X ajst-32391 169 4 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 ADP ajst-32391 169 5 2𝛽𝑁2 2𝛽𝑁2 NUM ajst-32391 169 6 π‘ŽπΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ π‘ŽπΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ NOUN ajst-32391 169 7 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 169 8 π‘Žπ‘‰π‘‡ π‘Žπ‘‰π‘‡ PROPN ajst-32391 169 9 2𝛽𝑁2 2𝛽𝑁2 NUM ajst-32391 169 10 πœ•πΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ πœ•πΌπ‘ƒπ‘‡π΄π‘‡ VERB ajst-32391 169 11 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ NOUN ajst-32391 169 12 βˆ’ βˆ’ ADP ajst-32391 169 13 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 169 14 π‘˜ π‘˜ PRON ajst-32391 169 15 π‘ž π‘ž X ajst-32391 169 16 𝑉𝑇𝛽𝑁2𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 𝑉𝑇𝛽𝑁2𝐼𝑃𝑇𝐴𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 169 17 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 169 18 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 169 19 2𝛽𝑁2)2 2𝛽𝑁2)2 NOUN ajst-32391 169 20 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 169 21 30 30 NUM ajst-32391 169 22 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 169 23 in in ADP ajst-32391 169 24 the the DET ajst-32391 169 25 above above ADJ ajst-32391 169 26 equations equation NOUN ajst-32391 169 27 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 169 28 vth vth NOUN ajst-32391 169 29 denotes denote NOUN ajst-32391 169 30 the the DET ajst-32391 169 31 threshold threshold NOUN ajst-32391 169 32 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 169 33 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 34 π‘š π‘š PROPN ajst-32391 169 35 represents represent VERB ajst-32391 169 36 the the DET ajst-32391 169 37 subthreshold subthreshold ADJ ajst-32391 169 38 slope slope NOUN ajst-32391 169 39 factor factor NOUN ajst-32391 169 40 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 41 k k PROPN ajst-32391 169 42 stands stand VERB ajst-32391 169 43 for for SCONJ ajst-32391 169 44 the the DET ajst-32391 169 45 boltzmann boltzmann PROPN ajst-32391 169 46 constant constant PROPN ajst-32391 169 47 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 48 cox cox PROPN ajst-32391 169 49 indicates indicate VERB ajst-32391 169 50 the the DET ajst-32391 169 51 gate gate NOUN ajst-32391 169 52 oxide oxide NOUN ajst-32391 169 53 capacitance capacitance NOUN ajst-32391 169 54 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 55 π‘ž π‘ž PRON ajst-32391 169 56 means mean VERB ajst-32391 169 57 the the DET ajst-32391 169 58 electron electron NOUN ajst-32391 169 59 charge charge NOUN ajst-32391 169 60 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 61 vt vt PROPN ajst-32391 169 62 = = PROPN ajst-32391 169 63 π‘˜ π‘˜ PROPN ajst-32391 169 64 𝑇 𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 169 65 π‘ž π‘ž PROPN ajst-32391 169 66 defines define VERB ajst-32391 169 67 the the DET ajst-32391 169 68 thermal thermal ADJ ajst-32391 169 69 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 169 70 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 71 ΞΌ ΞΌ NOUN ajst-32391 169 72 corresponds correspond VERB ajst-32391 169 73 to to ADP ajst-32391 169 74 the the DET ajst-32391 169 75 carrier carrier NOUN ajst-32391 169 76 mobility mobility NOUN ajst-32391 169 77 ; ; PUNCT ajst-32391 169 78 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 169 79 kn kn PROPN ajst-32391 169 80 = = PUNCT ajst-32391 169 81 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 169 82 π‘Š/𝐿)𝑛 π‘Š/𝐿)𝑛 PROPN ajst-32391 169 83 gives give VERB ajst-32391 169 84 the the DET ajst-32391 169 85 mos mos PROPN ajst-32391 169 86 aspect aspect PROPN ajst-32391 169 87 ratio ratio NOUN ajst-32391 169 88 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 170 1 satisfying satisfy VERB ajst-32391 170 2 the the DET ajst-32391 170 3 condition condition NOUN ajst-32391 170 4 πœ•vref πœ•vref NOUN ajst-32391 170 5 πœ•π‘‡ πœ•π‘‡ PUNCT ajst-32391 170 6 = = SYM ajst-32391 170 7 0 0 NUM ajst-32391 170 8 in in ADP ajst-32391 170 9 equation equation NOUN ajst-32391 170 10 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 170 11 37 37 NUM ajst-32391 170 12 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 170 13 is be AUX ajst-32391 170 14 challenging challenging ADJ ajst-32391 170 15 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 170 16 indicating indicate VERB ajst-32391 170 17 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 170 18 non non ADJ ajst-32391 170 19 - - ADJ ajst-32391 170 20 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 170 21 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 170 22 exhibit exhibit VERB ajst-32391 170 23 limited limited ADJ ajst-32391 170 24 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 170 25 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 170 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 171 1 however however ADV ajst-32391 171 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 171 3 their their PRON ajst-32391 171 4 simple simple ADJ ajst-32391 171 5 structure structure NOUN ajst-32391 171 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 171 7 fully fully ADV ajst-32391 171 8 cmos cmos ADJ ajst-32391 171 9 184 184 NUM ajst-32391 171 10 compatible compatible ADJ ajst-32391 171 11 implementation implementation NOUN ajst-32391 171 12 result result NOUN ajst-32391 171 13 in in ADP ajst-32391 171 14 low low ADJ ajst-32391 171 15 power power NOUN ajst-32391 171 16 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 171 17 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 171 18 making make VERB ajst-32391 171 19 them they PRON ajst-32391 171 20 suitable suitable ADJ ajst-32391 171 21 for for ADP ajst-32391 171 22 basic basic ADJ ajst-32391 171 23 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 171 24 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 171 25 applications application NOUN ajst-32391 171 26 in in ADP ajst-32391 171 27 everyday everyday ADJ ajst-32391 171 28 scenarios scenario NOUN ajst-32391 171 29 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 172 1 additionally additionally ADV ajst-32391 172 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 172 3 some some DET ajst-32391 172 4 studies study NOUN ajst-32391 172 5 have have AUX ajst-32391 172 6 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 172 7 alternative alternative ADJ ajst-32391 172 8 approaches approach NOUN ajst-32391 172 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 172 10 such such ADJ ajst-32391 172 11 as as ADP ajst-32391 172 12 using use VERB ajst-32391 172 13 capacitive capacitive ADJ ajst-32391 172 14 biasing biasing NOUN ajst-32391 172 15 with with ADP ajst-32391 172 16 active active ADJ ajst-32391 172 17 body body NOUN ajst-32391 172 18 diodes diode NOUN ajst-32391 172 19 to to PART ajst-32391 172 20 generate generate VERB ajst-32391 172 21 ptat ptat NOUN ajst-32391 172 22 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 172 23 ctat ctat NOUN ajst-32391 172 24 voltages voltage NOUN ajst-32391 172 25 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 172 26 replacing replace VERB ajst-32391 172 27 traditional traditional ADJ ajst-32391 172 28 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 172 29 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 172 30 based base VERB ajst-32391 172 31 methods method NOUN ajst-32391 172 32 to to PART ajst-32391 172 33 design design VERB ajst-32391 172 34 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 172 35 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 172 36 free free ADJ ajst-32391 172 37 sub sub ADJ ajst-32391 172 38 - - ADJ ajst-32391 172 39 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 172 40 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 172 41 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 172 42 [ [ X ajst-32391 172 43 13 13 NUM ajst-32391 172 44 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 172 45 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 173 1 a a DET ajst-32391 173 2 specific specific ADJ ajst-32391 173 3 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 173 4 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 173 5 is be AUX ajst-32391 173 6 shown show VERB ajst-32391 173 7 in in ADP ajst-32391 173 8 fig fig NOUN ajst-32391 173 9 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 174 1 8 8 NUM ajst-32391 174 2 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 175 1 vdd vdd PROPN ajst-32391 175 2 c3 c3 PROPN ajst-32391 175 3 c1 c1 PROPN ajst-32391 175 4 c2 c2 PROPN ajst-32391 175 5 m5 m5 PROPN ajst-32391 175 6 m6 m6 PROPN ajst-32391 175 7 m3 m3 PROPN ajst-32391 175 8 m4 m4 PROPN ajst-32391 175 9 vss vss NOUN ajst-32391 175 10 m1 m1 PROPN ajst-32391 175 11 m2 m2 PROPN ajst-32391 175 12 d1 d1 PROPN ajst-32391 175 13 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 175 14 ts2 ts2 PROPN ajst-32391 175 15 ts1 ts1 PROPN ajst-32391 175 16 tc tc PROPN ajst-32391 175 17 b b PROPN ajst-32391 175 18 vrefta vrefta PROPN ajst-32391 175 19 cbg cbg PROPN ajst-32391 175 20 fig fig PROPN ajst-32391 175 21 8 8 NUM ajst-32391 175 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 175 23 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 175 24 diagram diagram NOUN ajst-32391 175 25 of of ADP ajst-32391 175 26 the the DET ajst-32391 175 27 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 175 28 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 175 29 free free ADJ ajst-32391 175 30 sub sub ADJ ajst-32391 175 31 - - ADJ ajst-32391 175 32 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 175 33 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 175 34 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 176 1 leveraging leverage VERB ajst-32391 176 2 the the DET ajst-32391 176 3 superior superior ADJ ajst-32391 176 4 electrical electrical ADJ ajst-32391 176 5 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 176 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 176 7 strong strong ADJ ajst-32391 176 8 process process NOUN ajst-32391 176 9 compatibility compatibility NOUN ajst-32391 176 10 of of ADP ajst-32391 176 11 body body NOUN ajst-32391 176 12 diodes diode NOUN ajst-32391 176 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 176 14 eberlein eberlein PROPN ajst-32391 176 15 et et PROPN ajst-32391 176 16 al al PROPN ajst-32391 176 17 . . PROPN ajst-32391 176 18 proposed propose VERB ajst-32391 176 19 a a DET ajst-32391 176 20 resistor resistor NOUN ajst-32391 176 21 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 176 22 free free ADJ ajst-32391 176 23 sub sub ADJ ajst-32391 176 24 - - ADJ ajst-32391 176 25 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 176 26 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 176 27 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 176 28 in in ADP ajst-32391 176 29 2020 2020 NUM ajst-32391 176 30 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 176 31 which which PRON ajst-32391 176 32 replaces replace VERB ajst-32391 176 33 traditional traditional ADJ ajst-32391 176 34 bjts bjts NOUN ajst-32391 176 35 with with ADP ajst-32391 176 36 body body NOUN ajst-32391 176 37 diodes diode NOUN ajst-32391 176 38 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 176 39 incorporates incorporate VERB ajst-32391 176 40 capacitive capacitive ADJ ajst-32391 176 41 biasing biasing NOUN ajst-32391 176 42 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 177 1 the the DET ajst-32391 177 2 capacitor capacitor NOUN ajst-32391 177 3 is be AUX ajst-32391 177 4 initially initially ADV ajst-32391 177 5 charged charge VERB ajst-32391 177 6 to to ADP ajst-32391 177 7 a a DET ajst-32391 177 8 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 177 9 exceeding exceed VERB ajst-32391 177 10 the the DET ajst-32391 177 11 diode diode NOUN ajst-32391 177 12 ’s ’s PART ajst-32391 177 13 built build VERB ajst-32391 177 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 177 15 in in ADP ajst-32391 177 16 potential potential NOUN ajst-32391 177 17 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 177 18 > > SYM ajst-32391 177 19 0.8 0.8 NUM ajst-32391 177 20 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 177 21 v v NOUN ajst-32391 177 22 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 177 23 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 177 24 subsequently subsequently ADV ajst-32391 177 25 discharged discharge VERB ajst-32391 177 26 through through ADP ajst-32391 177 27 the the DET ajst-32391 177 28 diode diode NOUN ajst-32391 177 29 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 178 1 after after ADP ajst-32391 178 2 a a DET ajst-32391 178 3 brief brief ADJ ajst-32391 178 4 transient transient ADJ ajst-32391 178 5 period period NOUN ajst-32391 178 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 178 7 the the DET ajst-32391 178 8 diode diode NOUN ajst-32391 178 9 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 178 10 exhibits exhibit VERB ajst-32391 178 11 a a DET ajst-32391 178 12 logarithmic logarithmic ADJ ajst-32391 178 13 dependence dependence NOUN ajst-32391 178 14 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 178 15 𝑉𝐷(𝑑 𝑉𝐷(𝑑 NOUN ajst-32391 178 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 179 1 β‰… β‰… PROPN ajst-32391 179 2 πœ‚ πœ‚ X ajst-32391 179 3 βˆ™ βˆ™ X ajst-32391 179 4 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 179 5 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 179 6 𝑙𝑛 𝑙𝑛 NOUN ajst-32391 179 7 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 179 8 𝐢 𝐢 PROPN ajst-32391 179 9 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 179 10 πœ‚ πœ‚ X ajst-32391 179 11 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 179 12 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 ADP ajst-32391 179 13 𝐼𝑆 𝐼𝑆 PROPN ajst-32391 179 14 βˆ™ βˆ™ PROPN ajst-32391 179 15 𝑑 𝑑 PROPN ajst-32391 179 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 179 17 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 179 18 31 31 NUM ajst-32391 179 19 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 179 20 where where SCONJ ajst-32391 179 21 Ξ· Ξ· PROPN ajst-32391 179 22 is be AUX ajst-32391 179 23 the the DET ajst-32391 179 24 diode diode NOUN ajst-32391 179 25 ideality ideality NOUN ajst-32391 179 26 factor factor NOUN ajst-32391 179 27 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 179 28 𝑉𝑇 𝑉𝑇 PROPN ajst-32391 179 29 is be AUX ajst-32391 179 30 the the DET ajst-32391 179 31 thermal thermal ADJ ajst-32391 179 32 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 179 33 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 179 34 proportional proportional ADJ ajst-32391 179 35 to to ADP ajst-32391 179 36 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 179 37 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 179 38 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 179 39 𝐼𝑆 𝐼𝑆 PROPN ajst-32391 179 40 is be AUX ajst-32391 179 41 the the DET ajst-32391 179 42 reverse reverse ADJ ajst-32391 179 43 saturation saturation NOUN ajst-32391 179 44 current current ADJ ajst-32391 179 45 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 179 46 𝐢 𝐢 PROPN ajst-32391 179 47 is be AUX ajst-32391 179 48 the the DET ajst-32391 179 49 capacitance capacitance NOUN ajst-32391 179 50 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 179 51 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 179 52 𝑑 𝑑 PROPN ajst-32391 179 53 is be AUX ajst-32391 179 54 the the DET ajst-32391 179 55 discharge discharge NOUN ajst-32391 179 56 time time NOUN ajst-32391 179 57 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 180 1 over over ADP ajst-32391 180 2 multiple multiple ADJ ajst-32391 180 3 decades decade NOUN ajst-32391 180 4 of of ADP ajst-32391 180 5 discharge discharge NOUN ajst-32391 180 6 time time NOUN ajst-32391 180 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 180 8 𝑉𝐷(𝑑 𝑉𝐷(𝑑 PROPN ajst-32391 180 9 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 180 10 strictly strictly ADV ajst-32391 180 11 adheres adhere VERB ajst-32391 180 12 to to ADP ajst-32391 180 13 this this DET ajst-32391 180 14 logarithmic logarithmic ADJ ajst-32391 180 15 behavior behavior NOUN ajst-32391 180 16 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 180 17 is be AUX ajst-32391 180 18 nearly nearly ADV ajst-32391 180 19 independent independent ADJ ajst-32391 180 20 of of ADP ajst-32391 180 21 the the DET ajst-32391 180 22 initial initial ADJ ajst-32391 180 23 bias bias NOUN ajst-32391 180 24 condition condition NOUN ajst-32391 180 25 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 181 1 the the DET ajst-32391 181 2 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 181 3 operates operate VERB ajst-32391 181 4 by by ADP ajst-32391 181 5 charging charge VERB ajst-32391 181 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 181 7 discharging discharge VERB ajst-32391 181 8 capacitors capacitor NOUN ajst-32391 181 9 𝐢1 𝐢1 PROPN ajst-32391 181 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 181 11 𝐢2 𝐢2 ADJ ajst-32391 181 12 to to PART ajst-32391 181 13 generate generate VERB ajst-32391 181 14 a a DET ajst-32391 181 15 diode diode NOUN ajst-32391 181 16 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 181 17 𝑉𝐷with 𝑉𝐷with NOUN ajst-32391 181 18 ctat ctat NOUN ajst-32391 181 19 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 181 20 complementary complementary ADJ ajst-32391 181 21 to to ADP ajst-32391 181 22 absolute absolute ADJ ajst-32391 181 23 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 181 24 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 181 25 characteristics characteristic NOUN ajst-32391 181 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 182 1 through through ADP ajst-32391 182 2 reverse reverse ADJ ajst-32391 182 3 charge charge NOUN ajst-32391 182 4 sharing sharing NOUN ajst-32391 182 5 between between ADP ajst-32391 182 6 capacitors capacitor NOUN ajst-32391 182 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 182 8 the the DET ajst-32391 182 9 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 182 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 182 11 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 182 12 vref vref NOUN ajst-32391 182 13 is be AUX ajst-32391 182 14 derived derive VERB ajst-32391 182 15 as as ADP ajst-32391 182 16 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 182 17 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 182 18 = = SYM ajst-32391 182 19 𝑉𝐷(𝑑𝑠2 𝑉𝐷(𝑑𝑠2 X ajst-32391 182 20 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 182 21 βˆ’ βˆ’ PROPN ajst-32391 183 1 𝐢1 𝐢1 PRON ajst-32391 183 2 𝐢1 𝐢1 NOUN ajst-32391 184 1 + + CCONJ ajst-32391 184 2 𝐢3 𝐢3 PROPN ajst-32391 184 3 𝑉𝐷(𝑑𝑠1 𝑉𝐷(𝑑𝑠1 NOUN ajst-32391 184 4 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 184 5 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 185 1 32 32 NUM ajst-32391 185 2 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 185 3 this this DET ajst-32391 185 4 scheme scheme NOUN ajst-32391 185 5 achieves achieve VERB ajst-32391 185 6 an an DET ajst-32391 185 7 output output NOUN ajst-32391 185 8 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 185 9 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 𝑉𝑅𝐸𝐹 PROPN ajst-32391 185 10 β‰ˆ β‰ˆ PROPN ajst-32391 185 11 370 370 NUM ajst-32391 185 12 π‘šπ‘‰ π‘šπ‘‰ ADV ajst-32391 185 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 185 14 operates operate VERB ajst-32391 185 15 within within ADP ajst-32391 185 16 a a DET ajst-32391 185 17 supply supply NOUN ajst-32391 185 18 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 185 19 𝑉𝐷𝐷 𝑉𝐷𝐷 PROPN ajst-32391 185 20 range range NOUN ajst-32391 185 21 of of ADP ajst-32391 185 22 0.85 0.85 NUM ajst-32391 185 23 – – PUNCT ajst-32391 185 24 1.05 1.05 NUM ajst-32391 185 25 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 185 26 𝑉 𝑉 PROPN ajst-32391 185 27 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 185 28 consumes consume VERB ajst-32391 185 29 only only ADV ajst-32391 185 30 18 18 NUM ajst-32391 185 31 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 185 32 π‘›π‘Š π‘›π‘Š NOUN ajst-32391 185 33 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 185 34 including include VERB ajst-32391 185 35 switch switch NOUN ajst-32391 185 36 driving drive VERB ajst-32391 185 37 circuitry circuitry NOUN ajst-32391 185 38 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 185 39 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 185 40 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 185 41 occupies occupy VERB ajst-32391 185 42 a a DET ajst-32391 185 43 chip chip NOUN ajst-32391 185 44 area area NOUN ajst-32391 185 45 of of ADP ajst-32391 185 46 1680 1680 NUM ajst-32391 185 47 πœ‡π‘š2 πœ‡π‘š2 PROPN ajst-32391 185 48 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 185 49 demonstrating demonstrate VERB ajst-32391 185 50 significant significant ADJ ajst-32391 185 51 advantages advantage NOUN ajst-32391 185 52 over over ADP ajst-32391 185 53 comparable comparable ADJ ajst-32391 185 54 solutions solution NOUN ajst-32391 185 55 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 186 1 four four NUM ajst-32391 186 2 historically historically ADV ajst-32391 186 3 significant significant ADJ ajst-32391 186 4 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 186 5 β€” β€” PUNCT ajst-32391 186 6 the the DET ajst-32391 186 7 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 186 8 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 186 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 186 10 the the DET ajst-32391 186 11 banba banba ADJ ajst-32391 186 12 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 186 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 186 14 the the DET ajst-32391 186 15 series series NOUN ajst-32391 186 16 capacitive capacitive ADJ ajst-32391 186 17 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 186 18 biased biased ADJ ajst-32391 186 19 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 186 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 186 21 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 186 22 the the DET ajst-32391 186 23 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 186 24 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 186 25 compensated compensate VERB ajst-32391 186 26 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 186 27 β€” β€” PUNCT ajst-32391 186 28 are be AUX ajst-32391 186 29 analyzed analyze VERB ajst-32391 186 30 in in ADP ajst-32391 186 31 this this DET ajst-32391 186 32 paper paper NOUN ajst-32391 186 33 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 187 1 the the DET ajst-32391 187 2 key key ADJ ajst-32391 187 3 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 187 4 metrics metric NOUN ajst-32391 187 5 are be AUX ajst-32391 187 6 summarized summarize VERB ajst-32391 187 7 in in ADP ajst-32391 187 8 table table NOUN ajst-32391 187 9 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 187 10 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 188 1 the the DET ajst-32391 188 2 results result NOUN ajst-32391 188 3 indicate indicate VERB ajst-32391 188 4 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 188 5 non non ADJ ajst-32391 188 6 - - ADJ ajst-32391 188 7 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 188 8 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 188 9 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 188 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 188 11 represented represent VERB ajst-32391 188 12 by by ADP ajst-32391 188 13 the the DET ajst-32391 188 14 series series NOUN ajst-32391 188 15 capacitivebiased capacitivebiase VERB ajst-32391 188 16 architecture architecture NOUN ajst-32391 188 17 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 188 18 achieve achieve VERB ajst-32391 188 19 smaller small ADJ ajst-32391 188 20 area area NOUN ajst-32391 188 21 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 188 22 lower low ADJ ajst-32391 188 23 power power NOUN ajst-32391 188 24 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 188 25 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 189 1 in in ADP ajst-32391 189 2 contrast contrast NOUN ajst-32391 189 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 189 4 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 189 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 189 6 based base VERB ajst-32391 189 7 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 189 8 maintain maintain VERB ajst-32391 189 9 superior superior ADJ ajst-32391 189 10 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 189 11 in in ADP ajst-32391 189 12 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 189 13 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 189 14 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 189 15 tc tc NOUN ajst-32391 189 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 189 17 tuning tuning NOUN ajst-32391 189 18 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 189 19 operating operate VERB ajst-32391 189 20 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 189 21 range range NOUN ajst-32391 189 22 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 190 1 185 185 NUM ajst-32391 190 2 furthermore furthermore ADV ajst-32391 190 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 190 4 with with ADP ajst-32391 190 5 ongoing ongoing ADJ ajst-32391 190 6 technological technological ADJ ajst-32391 190 7 advancements advancement NOUN ajst-32391 190 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 190 9 modern modern ADJ ajst-32391 190 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 190 11 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 190 12 continue continue VERB ajst-32391 190 13 to to PART ajst-32391 190 14 evolve evolve VERB ajst-32391 190 15 toward toward ADP ajst-32391 190 16 higher high ADJ ajst-32391 190 17 process process NOUN ajst-32391 190 18 compatibility compatibility NOUN ajst-32391 190 19 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 190 20 improved improved ADJ ajst-32391 190 21 accuracy accuracy NOUN ajst-32391 190 22 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 190 23 enabling enable VERB ajst-32391 190 24 robust robust ADJ ajst-32391 190 25 integration integration NOUN ajst-32391 190 26 into into ADP ajst-32391 190 27 advanced advanced ADJ ajst-32391 190 28 analog analog NOUN ajst-32391 190 29 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 190 30 mixed mixed ADJ ajst-32391 190 31 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 190 32 signal signal NOUN ajst-32391 190 33 systems system NOUN ajst-32391 190 34 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 191 1 table table NOUN ajst-32391 191 2 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 191 3 . . X ajst-32391 191 4 four four NUM ajst-32391 191 5 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 191 6 compared compare VERB ajst-32391 191 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 192 1 widlar[1 widlar[1 PROPN ajst-32391 192 2 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 192 3 banba[4 banba[4 NOUN ajst-32391 192 4 ] ] X ajst-32391 192 5 piecewise piecewise NOUN ajst-32391 192 6 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 192 7 compensated[9 compensated[9 NOUN ajst-32391 192 8 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 192 9 series series NOUN ajst-32391 192 10 capacitive capacitive NOUN ajst-32391 192 11 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 192 12 biased[13 biased[13 NOUN ajst-32391 192 13 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 192 14 power power NOUN ajst-32391 192 15 ~1.5a ~1.5a NUM ajst-32391 192 16 2.2ΞΌa 2.2ΞΌa NUM ajst-32391 192 17 20.44ΞΌa 20.44ΞΌa NUM ajst-32391 192 18 18nw 18nw ADJ ajst-32391 192 19 βˆ†π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉ(mv βˆ†π‘‰π‘…πΈπΉ(mv NUM ajst-32391 192 20 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 192 21 20 20 NUM ajst-32391 192 22 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 192 23 0.28 0.28 NUM ajst-32391 192 24 2.7 2.7 NUM ajst-32391 192 25 tc(ppm/ tc(ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 192 26 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 192 27 c c NOUN ajst-32391 192 28 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 192 29 ~200 ~200 PRON ajst-32391 193 1 n n CCONJ ajst-32391 193 2 / / SYM ajst-32391 193 3 a a DET ajst-32391 193 4 1.58 1.58 NUM ajst-32391 193 5 ~44 ~44 NOUN ajst-32391 193 6 area(π‘šπ‘š2 area(π‘šπ‘š2 NOUN ajst-32391 193 7 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 193 8 n n CCONJ ajst-32391 193 9 / / SYM ajst-32391 193 10 a a DET ajst-32391 193 11 0.1 0.1 NUM ajst-32391 193 12 n n CCONJ ajst-32391 193 13 / / SYM ajst-32391 193 14 a a DET ajst-32391 193 15 0.0016 0.0016 NUM ajst-32391 193 16 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 193 17 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 194 1 development development NOUN ajst-32391 194 2 status status NOUN ajst-32391 194 3 with with ADP ajst-32391 194 4 technological technological ADJ ajst-32391 194 5 advancements advancement NOUN ajst-32391 194 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 194 7 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 194 8 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 194 9 have have AUX ajst-32391 194 10 witnessed witness VERB ajst-32391 194 11 numerous numerous ADJ ajst-32391 194 12 innovations innovation NOUN ajst-32391 194 13 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 195 1 these these PRON ajst-32391 195 2 include include VERB ajst-32391 195 3 self self NOUN ajst-32391 195 4 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 195 5 calibration calibration NOUN ajst-32391 195 6 techniques technique NOUN ajst-32391 195 7 for for ADP ajst-32391 195 8 fine fine ADV ajst-32391 195 9 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 195 10 tuning tune VERB ajst-32391 195 11 the the DET ajst-32391 195 12 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 195 13 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 195 14 to to PART ajst-32391 195 15 achieve achieve VERB ajst-32391 195 16 high high ADJ ajst-32391 195 17 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 195 18 precision precision NOUN ajst-32391 195 19 output output NOUN ajst-32391 195 20 [ [ X ajst-32391 195 21 14 14 NUM ajst-32391 195 22 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 195 23 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 195 24 the the DET ajst-32391 195 25 integration integration NOUN ajst-32391 195 26 of of ADP ajst-32391 195 27 super super ADJ ajst-32391 195 28 source source NOUN ajst-32391 195 29 followers follower NOUN ajst-32391 195 30 to to PART ajst-32391 195 31 enhance enhance VERB ajst-32391 195 32 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 195 33 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 195 34 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 195 35 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 195 36 the the DET ajst-32391 195 37 adoption adoption NOUN ajst-32391 195 38 of of ADP ajst-32391 195 39 novel novel NOUN ajst-32391 195 40 processes process NOUN ajst-32391 195 41 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 195 42 materials material NOUN ajst-32391 195 43 to to PART ajst-32391 195 44 improve improve VERB ajst-32391 195 45 overall overall ADJ ajst-32391 195 46 performance performance NOUN ajst-32391 195 47 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 196 1 meanwhile meanwhile ADV ajst-32391 196 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 196 3 modern modern ADJ ajst-32391 196 4 applications application NOUN ajst-32391 196 5 impose impose VERB ajst-32391 196 6 increasingly increasingly ADV ajst-32391 196 7 stringent stringent ADJ ajst-32391 196 8 requirements requirement NOUN ajst-32391 196 9 on on ADP ajst-32391 196 10 power power NOUN ajst-32391 196 11 consumption consumption NOUN ajst-32391 196 12 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 196 13 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 196 14 of of ADP ajst-32391 196 15 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 196 16 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 196 17 [ [ X ajst-32391 196 18 15 15 NUM ajst-32391 196 19 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 196 20 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 197 1 challenges challenge NOUN ajst-32391 197 2 such such ADJ ajst-32391 197 3 as as ADP ajst-32391 197 4 inherent inherent ADJ ajst-32391 197 5 random random ADJ ajst-32391 197 6 offset offset NOUN ajst-32391 197 7 in in ADP ajst-32391 197 8 operational operational ADJ ajst-32391 197 9 amplifiers amplifier NOUN ajst-32391 197 10 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 197 11 current current ADJ ajst-32391 197 12 mirror mirror NOUN ajst-32391 197 13 mismatches mismatch NOUN ajst-32391 197 14 in in ADP ajst-32391 197 15 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 197 16 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 197 17 based base VERB ajst-32391 197 18 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 197 19 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 197 20 remain remain VERB ajst-32391 197 21 to to PART ajst-32391 197 22 be be AUX ajst-32391 197 23 addressed address VERB ajst-32391 197 24 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 198 1 in in ADP ajst-32391 198 2 the the DET ajst-32391 198 3 future future NOUN ajst-32391 198 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 198 5 with with ADP ajst-32391 198 6 continued continued ADJ ajst-32391 198 7 progress progress NOUN ajst-32391 198 8 in in ADP ajst-32391 198 9 cmos cmos PROPN ajst-32391 198 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 198 11 bicmos bicmos PROPN ajst-32391 198 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 198 13 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 198 14 quantum quantum NOUN ajst-32391 198 15 technologies technology NOUN ajst-32391 198 16 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 198 17 the the DET ajst-32391 198 18 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 198 19 stability stability NOUN ajst-32391 198 20 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 198 21 process process NOUN ajst-32391 198 22 precision precision NOUN ajst-32391 198 23 of of ADP ajst-32391 198 24 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 198 25 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 198 26 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 198 27 are be AUX ajst-32391 198 28 expected expect VERB ajst-32391 198 29 to to PART ajst-32391 198 30 advance advance VERB ajst-32391 198 31 significantly significantly ADV ajst-32391 198 32 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 199 1 6 6 X ajst-32391 199 2 . . X ajst-32391 199 3 conclusion conclusion NOUN ajst-32391 199 4 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 199 5 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 199 6 based base VERB ajst-32391 199 7 on on ADP ajst-32391 199 8 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 199 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 199 10 non non ADJ ajst-32391 199 11 - - ADJ ajst-32391 199 12 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 199 13 principles principle NOUN ajst-32391 199 14 are be AUX ajst-32391 199 15 critical critical ADJ ajst-32391 199 16 components component NOUN ajst-32391 199 17 in in ADP ajst-32391 199 18 analog analog NOUN ajst-32391 199 19 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 199 20 design design NOUN ajst-32391 199 21 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 200 1 to to PART ajst-32391 200 2 facilitate facilitate VERB ajst-32391 200 3 a a DET ajst-32391 200 4 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ ajst-32391 200 5 understanding understanding NOUN ajst-32391 200 6 of of ADP ajst-32391 200 7 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 200 8 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 200 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 200 10 this this DET ajst-32391 200 11 paper paper NOUN ajst-32391 200 12 chronologically chronologically ADV ajst-32391 200 13 reviews review VERB ajst-32391 200 14 the the DET ajst-32391 200 15 evolution evolution NOUN ajst-32391 200 16 of of ADP ajst-32391 200 17 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 200 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 200 19 architectures architecture NOUN ajst-32391 200 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 200 21 provides provide VERB ajst-32391 200 22 an an DET ajst-32391 200 23 in in ADP ajst-32391 200 24 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 200 25 depth depth NOUN ajst-32391 200 26 analysis analysis NOUN ajst-32391 200 27 of of ADP ajst-32391 200 28 various various ADJ ajst-32391 200 29 typical typical ADJ ajst-32391 200 30 second second ADJ ajst-32391 200 31 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 200 32 order order NOUN ajst-32391 200 33 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 200 34 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 200 35 schemes scheme NOUN ajst-32391 200 36 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 200 37 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 200 38 highlights highlight NOUN ajst-32391 200 39 both both DET ajst-32391 200 40 breakthroughs breakthrough NOUN ajst-32391 200 41 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 200 42 ongoing ongoing ADJ ajst-32391 200 43 challenges challenge NOUN ajst-32391 200 44 in in ADP ajst-32391 200 45 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 200 46 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 200 47 development development NOUN ajst-32391 200 48 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 201 1 furthermore furthermore ADV ajst-32391 201 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 201 3 a a DET ajst-32391 201 4 comparative comparative ADJ ajst-32391 201 5 study study NOUN ajst-32391 201 6 of of ADP ajst-32391 201 7 non non ADJ ajst-32391 201 8 - - ADJ ajst-32391 201 9 bandgap bandgap ADJ ajst-32391 201 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 201 11 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 201 12 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 201 13 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 201 14 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 201 15 only only ADV ajst-32391 201 16 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 201 17 is be AUX ajst-32391 201 18 presented present VERB ajst-32391 201 19 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 201 20 evaluating evaluate VERB ajst-32391 201 21 the the DET ajst-32391 201 22 advantages advantage NOUN ajst-32391 201 23 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 201 24 disadvantages disadvantage NOUN ajst-32391 201 25 of of ADP ajst-32391 201 26 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 201 27 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 201 28 based base VERB ajst-32391 201 29 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 201 30 bjt bjt NOUN ajst-32391 201 31 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 201 32 free free ADJ ajst-32391 201 33 approaches approach NOUN ajst-32391 201 34 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 202 1 it it PRON ajst-32391 202 2 is be AUX ajst-32391 202 3 hoped hope VERB ajst-32391 202 4 that that SCONJ ajst-32391 202 5 this this DET ajst-32391 202 6 work work NOUN ajst-32391 202 7 offers offer VERB ajst-32391 202 8 valuable valuable ADJ ajst-32391 202 9 insights insight NOUN ajst-32391 202 10 into into ADP ajst-32391 202 11 future future ADJ ajst-32391 202 12 research research NOUN ajst-32391 202 13 in in ADP ajst-32391 202 14 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 202 15 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 202 16 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 202 17 design design NOUN ajst-32391 202 18 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 203 1 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 203 2 [ [ X ajst-32391 203 3 1 1 NUM ajst-32391 203 4 ] ] X ajst-32391 203 5 widlar widlar ADJ ajst-32391 203 6 r r NOUN ajst-32391 203 7 j. j. PROPN ajst-32391 203 8 new new ADJ ajst-32391 203 9 developments development NOUN ajst-32391 203 10 in in ADP ajst-32391 203 11 ic ic PROPN ajst-32391 203 12 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 203 13 regulators[j regulators[j PROPN ajst-32391 203 14 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 203 15 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 204 1 ieee ieee PROPN ajst-32391 204 2 journal journal PROPN ajst-32391 204 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 204 4 solid solid ADJ ajst-32391 204 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 204 6 state state NOUN ajst-32391 204 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 204 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 204 9 1971 1971 NUM ajst-32391 204 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 204 11 6(1):2 6(1):2 PROPN ajst-32391 204 12 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 204 13 7 7 NUM ajst-32391 204 14 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 205 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 205 2 2 2 NUM ajst-32391 205 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 205 4 kuijk kuijk NOUN ajst-32391 205 5 k k PROPN ajst-32391 205 6 e. e. PROPN ajst-32391 206 1 a a DET ajst-32391 206 2 precision precision NOUN ajst-32391 206 3 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 206 4 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 206 5 source[j source[j NOUN ajst-32391 206 6 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 206 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 207 1 ieee ieee PROPN ajst-32391 207 2 journal journal PROPN ajst-32391 207 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 207 4 solid solid ADJ ajst-32391 207 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 207 6 state state NOUN ajst-32391 207 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 207 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 207 9 1973 1973 NUM ajst-32391 207 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 207 11 8(3):222226 8(3):222226 NUM ajst-32391 207 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 208 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 208 2 3 3 X ajst-32391 208 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 208 4 brokaw brokaw VERB ajst-32391 208 5 a a DET ajst-32391 208 6 p. p. NOUN ajst-32391 208 7 a a DET ajst-32391 208 8 simple simple ADJ ajst-32391 208 9 three three NUM ajst-32391 208 10 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 208 11 terminal terminal ADJ ajst-32391 208 12 ic ic PROPN ajst-32391 208 13 bandgap bandgap PROPN ajst-32391 208 14 reference[j reference[j NOUN ajst-32391 208 15 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 208 16 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 209 1 ieee ieee PROPN ajst-32391 209 2 journal journal PROPN ajst-32391 209 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 209 4 solid solid ADJ ajst-32391 209 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 209 6 state state NOUN ajst-32391 209 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 209 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 209 9 1974 1974 NUM ajst-32391 209 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 209 11 9(6):388 9(6):388 NUM ajst-32391 209 12 - - SYM ajst-32391 209 13 393 393 NUM ajst-32391 209 14 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 210 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 210 2 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 210 3 ] ] X ajst-32391 210 4 banba banba PROPN ajst-32391 210 5 h h NOUN ajst-32391 210 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 210 7 shiga shiga ADJ ajst-32391 210 8 h h NOUN ajst-32391 210 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 210 10 umezawa umezawa PROPN ajst-32391 210 11 a a PROPN ajst-32391 210 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 210 13 et et PROPN ajst-32391 210 14 al al PROPN ajst-32391 210 15 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 211 1 a a DET ajst-32391 211 2 cmos cmos PROPN ajst-32391 211 3 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 211 4 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 211 5 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 211 6 with with ADP ajst-32391 211 7 sub-1 sub-1 VERB ajst-32391 211 8 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 211 9 v v NOUN ajst-32391 211 10 operation[j operation[j NOUN ajst-32391 211 11 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 211 12 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 212 1 ieee ieee PROPN ajst-32391 212 2 journal journal PROPN ajst-32391 212 3 of of ADP ajst-32391 212 4 solid solid ADJ ajst-32391 212 5 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 212 6 state state NOUN ajst-32391 212 7 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 212 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 212 9 1999 1999 NUM ajst-32391 212 10 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 212 11 34(5):670 34(5):670 PROPN ajst-32391 212 12 - - SYM ajst-32391 212 13 674 674 NUM ajst-32391 212 14 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 213 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 213 2 5 5 NUM ajst-32391 213 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 213 4 avoinne avoinne PROPN ajst-32391 213 5 c c PROPN ajst-32391 213 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 213 7 rashid rashid PROPN ajst-32391 213 8 t t PROPN ajst-32391 213 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 213 10 chowdhury chowdhury PROPN ajst-32391 213 11 v v PROPN ajst-32391 213 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 213 13 et et PROPN ajst-32391 213 14 al al PROPN ajst-32391 213 15 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 214 1 second second ADJ ajst-32391 214 2 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 214 3 order order NOUN ajst-32391 214 4 compensated compensate VERB ajst-32391 214 5 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 214 6 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 214 7 with with ADP ajst-32391 214 8 convex convex PROPN ajst-32391 214 9 correction[j correction[j PROPN ajst-32391 214 10 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 214 11 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 215 1 electronics electronic NOUN ajst-32391 215 2 letters letter NOUN ajst-32391 215 3 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 215 4 2005 2005 NUM ajst-32391 215 5 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 215 6 41(5):276 41(5):276 NOUN ajst-32391 215 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 216 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 216 2 6 6 NUM ajst-32391 216 3 ] ] X ajst-32391 216 4 jia jia PROPN ajst-32391 216 5 s s PROPN ajst-32391 216 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 216 7 ye ye PROPN ajst-32391 216 8 t t PROPN ajst-32391 216 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 216 10 xiao xiao PROPN ajst-32391 216 11 s.a s.a PROPN ajst-32391 216 12 2.41 2.41 NUM ajst-32391 216 13 β€― β€― SPACE ajst-32391 216 14 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 216 15 Β° Β° PROPN ajst-32391 216 16 c c NOUN ajst-32391 216 17 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 216 18 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 216 19 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 216 20 with with ADP ajst-32391 216 21 second second ADJ ajst-32391 216 22 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 216 23 order order NOUN ajst-32391 216 24 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 216 25 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 216 26 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 217 1 int int PROPN ajst-32391 218 1 j j PROPN ajst-32391 218 2 circ circ PROPN ajst-32391 218 3 theor theor PROPN ajst-32391 218 4 appl.2024;52(11):5539 appl.2024;52(11):5539 PROPN ajst-32391 218 5 - - PROPN ajst-32391 218 6 5553 5553 NUM ajst-32391 218 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 219 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 219 2 7 7 X ajst-32391 219 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 219 4 s. s. PROPN ajst-32391 219 5 huang huang PROPN ajst-32391 219 6 et et PROPN ajst-32391 219 7 al al PROPN ajst-32391 219 8 . . PROPN ajst-32391 219 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 219 10 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 219 11 a a DET ajst-32391 219 12 sub-1 sub-1 NUM ajst-32391 219 13 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 219 14 Β° Β° PROPN ajst-32391 219 15 c c NOUN ajst-32391 219 16 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 219 17 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 219 18 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 219 19 with with ADP ajst-32391 219 20 high high ADJ ajst-32391 219 21 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 219 22 order order NOUN ajst-32391 219 23 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 219 24 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 219 25 in in ADP ajst-32391 219 26 0.18 0.18 NUM ajst-32391 219 27 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 219 28 ΞΌm ΞΌm NUM ajst-32391 219 29 cmos cmos NOUN ajst-32391 219 30 process process NOUN ajst-32391 219 31 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 219 32 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 219 33 in in ADP ajst-32391 219 34 ieee ieee NOUN ajst-32391 219 35 transactions transaction NOUN ajst-32391 219 36 on on ADP ajst-32391 219 37 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 219 38 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 219 39 systems system NOUN ajst-32391 219 40 i i PRON ajst-32391 219 41 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 219 42 regular regular ADJ ajst-32391 219 43 papers paper NOUN ajst-32391 219 44 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 219 45 vol vol NOUN ajst-32391 219 46 . . PROPN ajst-32391 220 1 69 69 NUM ajst-32391 220 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 220 3 no no INTJ ajst-32391 220 4 . . NOUN ajst-32391 220 5 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 220 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 220 7 pp pp ADJ ajst-32391 220 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 221 1 1408 1408 NUM ajst-32391 221 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 221 3 1416 1416 NUM ajst-32391 221 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 221 5 april april PROPN ajst-32391 221 6 2022 2022 NUM ajst-32391 221 7 186 186 NUM ajst-32391 221 8 [ [ SYM ajst-32391 221 9 8 8 NUM ajst-32391 221 10 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 221 11 k. k. PROPN ajst-32391 221 12 zhao zhao PROPN ajst-32391 221 13 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 221 14 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 221 15 design design NOUN ajst-32391 221 16 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 221 17 research research NOUN ajst-32391 221 18 of of ADP ajst-32391 221 19 low low ADJ ajst-32391 221 20 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 221 21 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 221 22 coefficient coefficient NOUN ajst-32391 221 23 low low ADJ ajst-32391 221 24 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 221 25 power power NOUN ajst-32391 221 26 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 221 27 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 221 28 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 221 29 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 221 30 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 222 1 m.s m.s PROPN ajst-32391 222 2 . . PROPN ajst-32391 222 3 thesis thesis PROPN ajst-32391 222 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 222 5 nanjing nanjing PROPN ajst-32391 222 6 univ univ PROPN ajst-32391 222 7 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 223 1 posts post NOUN ajst-32391 223 2 telecommun telecommun VERB ajst-32391 223 3 . . PROPN ajst-32391 223 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 223 5 nanjing nanjing PROPN ajst-32391 223 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 223 7 china china PROPN ajst-32391 223 8 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 223 9 2023 2023 NUM ajst-32391 223 10 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 224 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 224 2 9 9 NUM ajst-32391 224 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 224 4 q. q. PROPN ajst-32391 224 5 haihong haihong PROPN ajst-32391 224 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 224 7 f. f. PROPN ajst-32391 224 8 quanyuan quanyuan PROPN ajst-32391 224 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 224 10 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 224 11 a a DET ajst-32391 224 12 design design NOUN ajst-32391 224 13 of of ADP ajst-32391 224 14 segmental segmental ADJ ajst-32391 224 15 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 224 16 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 224 17 low low ADJ ajst-32391 224 18 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 224 19 drift drift NOUN ajst-32391 224 20 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 224 21 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 224 22 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 224 23 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 224 24 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 224 25 microelectronics microelectronic NOUN ajst-32391 224 26 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 224 27 vol vol NOUN ajst-32391 224 28 . . PROPN ajst-32391 225 1 55 55 NUM ajst-32391 225 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 225 3 no no INTJ ajst-32391 225 4 . . NOUN ajst-32391 225 5 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 225 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 225 7 pp pp ADJ ajst-32391 225 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 226 1 522 522 NUM ajst-32391 226 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 226 3 527 527 NUM ajst-32391 226 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 226 5 aug aug PROPN ajst-32391 226 6 . . PROPN ajst-32391 226 7 2025 2025 NUM ajst-32391 226 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 227 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 227 2 10 10 NUM ajst-32391 227 3 ] ] X ajst-32391 227 4 y. y. PROPN ajst-32391 227 5 huang huang PROPN ajst-32391 227 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 7 l. l. PROPN ajst-32391 227 8 zhu zhu PROPN ajst-32391 227 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 10 f. f. PROPN ajst-32391 227 11 kong kong PROPN ajst-32391 227 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 13 c. c. PROPN ajst-32391 227 14 cheung cheung PROPN ajst-32391 227 15 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 227 16 l. l. PROPN ajst-32391 227 17 najafizadeh najafizadeh PROPN ajst-32391 227 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 19 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 227 20 bicmos bicmos NOUN ajst-32391 227 21 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 227 22 based base VERB ajst-32391 227 23 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 227 24 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 227 25 toward toward ADP ajst-32391 227 26 fully fully ADV ajst-32391 227 27 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 227 28 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 227 29 corrected correct VERB ajst-32391 227 30 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 227 31 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 227 32 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 227 33 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 34 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 227 35 in in ADP ajst-32391 227 36 ieee ieee NOUN ajst-32391 227 37 transactions transaction NOUN ajst-32391 227 38 on on ADP ajst-32391 227 39 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 227 40 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 227 41 systems system NOUN ajst-32391 227 42 i i PRON ajst-32391 227 43 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 227 44 regular regular ADJ ajst-32391 227 45 papers paper NOUN ajst-32391 227 46 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 47 vol vol NOUN ajst-32391 227 48 . . PROPN ajst-32391 227 49 65 65 NUM ajst-32391 227 50 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 51 no no INTJ ajst-32391 227 52 . . NOUN ajst-32391 227 53 4 4 NUM ajst-32391 227 54 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 227 55 pp pp ADJ ajst-32391 227 56 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 228 1 1210 1210 NUM ajst-32391 228 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 228 3 1223 1223 NUM ajst-32391 228 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 228 5 april april PROPN ajst-32391 228 6 2018 2018 NUM ajst-32391 229 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 229 2 11 11 NUM ajst-32391 229 3 ] ] X ajst-32391 229 4 inyeol inyeol PROPN ajst-32391 229 5 lee lee PROPN ajst-32391 229 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 229 7 gyudong gyudong VERB ajst-32391 229 8 kim kim PROPN ajst-32391 229 9 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 229 10 wonchan wonchan ADP ajst-32391 229 11 kim kim PROPN ajst-32391 229 12 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 229 13 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 229 14 exponential exponential ADJ ajst-32391 229 15 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 229 16 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 229 17 compensated compensate VERB ajst-32391 229 18 bicmos bicmos PROPN ajst-32391 229 19 bandgap bandgap PROPN ajst-32391 229 20 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 229 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 229 22 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 229 23 in in ADP ajst-32391 229 24 ieee ieee PROPN ajst-32391 229 25 journal journal NOUN ajst-32391 229 26 of of ADP ajst-32391 229 27 solid solid ADJ ajst-32391 229 28 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 229 29 state state NOUN ajst-32391 229 30 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 229 31 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 229 32 vol vol NOUN ajst-32391 229 33 . . PROPN ajst-32391 229 34 29 29 NUM ajst-32391 229 35 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 229 36 no no INTJ ajst-32391 229 37 . . NOUN ajst-32391 229 38 11 11 NUM ajst-32391 229 39 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 229 40 pp pp ADJ ajst-32391 229 41 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 230 1 1396 1396 NUM ajst-32391 230 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 230 3 1403 1403 NUM ajst-32391 230 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 230 5 nov nov PROPN ajst-32391 230 6 . . PROPN ajst-32391 230 7 1994 1994 NUM ajst-32391 231 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 231 2 12 12 NUM ajst-32391 231 3 ] ] X ajst-32391 231 4 y. y. PROPN ajst-32391 231 5 jianhui jianhui PROPN ajst-32391 231 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 231 7 y. y. PROPN ajst-32391 231 8 jiang jiang PROPN ajst-32391 231 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 231 10 β€œ " PUNCT ajst-32391 231 11 design design NOUN ajst-32391 231 12 of of ADP ajst-32391 231 13 a a DET ajst-32391 231 14 low low ADJ ajst-32391 231 15 temperature temperature NOUN ajst-32391 231 16 drift drift NOUN ajst-32391 231 17 cmos cmos PROPN ajst-32391 231 18 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 231 19 voltage voltage NOUN ajst-32391 231 20 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 231 21 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 231 22 ” " PUNCT ajst-32391 231 23 m.s m.s PROPN ajst-32391 231 24 . . PROPN ajst-32391 231 25 thesis thesis PROPN ajst-32391 231 26 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 231 27 guizhou guizhou PROPN ajst-32391 231 28 university university PROPN ajst-32391 231 29 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 231 30 guiyang guiyang PROPN ajst-32391 231 31 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 231 32 china china PROPN ajst-32391 231 33 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 231 34 2023 2023 NUM ajst-32391 231 35 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 232 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 232 2 13 13 NUM ajst-32391 232 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 232 4 m. m. NOUN ajst-32391 232 5 eberlein eberlein PROPN ajst-32391 232 6 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 232 7 h. h. PROPN ajst-32391 232 8 pretl pretl PROPN ajst-32391 232 9 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 232 10 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 232 11 recent recent ADJ ajst-32391 232 12 developments development NOUN ajst-32391 232 13 in in ADP ajst-32391 232 14 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 232 15 references reference NOUN ajst-32391 232 16 for for ADP ajst-32391 232 17 nanometer nanometer NOUN ajst-32391 232 18 cmos cmos PROPN ajst-32391 232 19 technologies technology NOUN ajst-32391 232 20 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 232 21 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 232 22 2020 2020 NUM ajst-32391 232 23 austrochip austrochip NOUN ajst-32391 232 24 workshop workshop NOUN ajst-32391 232 25 on on ADP ajst-32391 232 26 microelectronics microelectronic NOUN ajst-32391 232 27 ( ( PUNCT ajst-32391 232 28 austrochip austrochip NOUN ajst-32391 232 29 ) ) PUNCT ajst-32391 232 30 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 232 31 vienna vienna PROPN ajst-32391 232 32 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 232 33 austria austria PROPN ajst-32391 232 34 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 232 35 2020 2020 NUM ajst-32391 232 36 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 232 37 pp pp ADV ajst-32391 232 38 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 233 1 42 42 NUM ajst-32391 233 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 233 3 46 46 NUM ajst-32391 233 4 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 234 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 234 2 14 14 NUM ajst-32391 234 3 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 234 4 s. s. PROPN ajst-32391 234 5 k. k. PROPN ajst-32391 234 6 lee lee PROPN ajst-32391 234 7 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 234 8 et et PROPN ajst-32391 234 9 al al PROPN ajst-32391 234 10 . . PROPN ajst-32391 234 11 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 234 12 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 234 13 a a DET ajst-32391 234 14 0.6 0.6 NUM ajst-32391 234 15 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 234 16 v v NOUN ajst-32391 234 17 14.92 14.92 NUM ajst-32391 234 18 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 234 19 ppm/ ppm/ NOUN ajst-32391 234 20 Β° Β° NOUN ajst-32391 234 21 c c NOUN ajst-32391 234 22 200 200 NUM ajst-32391 234 23 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 234 24 nw nw PROPN ajst-32391 234 25 resistorless resistorless PROPN ajst-32391 234 26 bandgap bandgap PROPN ajst-32391 234 27 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 234 28 with with ADP ajst-32391 234 29 double double ADJ ajst-32391 234 30 curvature curvature NOUN ajst-32391 234 31 compensation compensation NOUN ajst-32391 234 32 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 234 33 vth vth NOUN ajst-32391 234 34 variation variation NOUN ajst-32391 234 35 autocalibration autocalibration NOUN ajst-32391 234 36 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 234 37 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 234 38 ieee ieee NOUN ajst-32391 234 39 transactions transaction NOUN ajst-32391 234 40 on on ADP ajst-32391 234 41 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 234 42 and and CCONJ ajst-32391 234 43 systems system NOUN ajst-32391 234 44 ii ii PROPN ajst-32391 234 45 : : PUNCT ajst-32391 234 46 express express VERB ajst-32391 234 47 briefs brief NOUN ajst-32391 234 48 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 234 49 vol vol NOUN ajst-32391 234 50 . . PROPN ajst-32391 235 1 69 69 NUM ajst-32391 235 2 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 235 3 no no INTJ ajst-32391 235 4 . . NOUN ajst-32391 235 5 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 235 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 235 7 pp pp ADJ ajst-32391 235 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 236 1 1722 1722 NUM ajst-32391 236 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 236 3 1726 1726 NUM ajst-32391 236 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 236 5 mar mar PROPN ajst-32391 236 6 . . PROPN ajst-32391 236 7 2022 2022 NUM ajst-32391 236 8 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 237 1 [ [ X ajst-32391 237 2 15 15 NUM ajst-32391 237 3 ] ] X ajst-32391 237 4 b. b. PROPN ajst-32391 237 5 razavi razavi PROPN ajst-32391 237 6 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 237 7 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 237 8 the the DET ajst-32391 237 9 bandgap bandgap NOUN ajst-32391 237 10 reference reference NOUN ajst-32391 237 11 [ [ X ajst-32391 237 12 a a DET ajst-32391 237 13 circuit circuit NOUN ajst-32391 237 14 for for ADP ajst-32391 237 15 all all DET ajst-32391 237 16 seasons season NOUN ajst-32391 237 17 ] ] PUNCT ajst-32391 237 18 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 237 19 " " PUNCT ajst-32391 237 20 ieee ieee NOUN ajst-32391 237 21 solid solid ADJ ajst-32391 237 22 - - PUNCT ajst-32391 237 23 state state NOUN ajst-32391 237 24 circuits circuit NOUN ajst-32391 237 25 magazine magazine NOUN ajst-32391 237 26 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 237 27 vol vol NOUN ajst-32391 237 28 . . PROPN ajst-32391 237 29 8 8 NUM ajst-32391 237 30 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 237 31 no no INTJ ajst-32391 237 32 . . NOUN ajst-32391 237 33 3 3 NUM ajst-32391 237 34 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 237 35 pp pp ADJ ajst-32391 237 36 . . PUNCT ajst-32391 238 1 9 9 NUM ajst-32391 238 2 - - SYM ajst-32391 238 3 12 12 NUM ajst-32391 238 4 , , PUNCT ajst-32391 238 5 summer summer NOUN ajst-32391 238 6 2016 2016 NUM ajst-32391 238 7 . . PUNCT