Academic Journal of Science and Technology 
ISSN: 2771-3032 | Vol. 14, No. 1, 2025 

 

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Analysis	of	Plate	Forming	Process	Based	on	Dynaform	
Guangpu Hu1, Xia Liu2 

1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222, China 
2Hebei Locomotiver Technician College, Hebei, 063000, China 

 

Abstract: By analyzing the structural characteristics of the product, it is determined that the main body of the plate needs to 
be processed by drawing, and the features around the plate have a large flanging angle, which requires two flanging operations 
to complete. The final forming process for the plate is determined to be:deep drawing,blanking, single flanging, and secondary 
flanging. According to the forming principle, 3D software is used to model the analysis models of each, and the mold structure 
is preliminarily determined. The Dynaform software is used to analyze the plate forming process, to check the FLD diagram and 
material thickness distribution diagram, and to analyze the possible locations of cracks and wrinkles during the forming process. 
The causes of defects at different locations are analyzed, and by the analysis model multiple times and adjusting the forming 
process parameters, reasonable forming parameters and mold structures are obtained, which effectively reduce the risk of cracks 
and wrinkles during the process, providing a reference for mold design and prevention of production defects. 

Keywords: Dynaform, Deep drawing, Flanging, Forming process. 
 

1. Introduction 
The dinner plate is a commonly used tableware. In the 

production process, it is essential to ensure that the dinner 
plate meets the usage requirements while to the visual and 
tactile senses of the users. Therefore, during production, it is 
necessary to minimize the defects of cracking and wrinkling 
that may occur during the process, thereby ensuring the 
overall quality of the dinner plate. Through finite element 
analysis, the forming process can be accurately simulated, and 
the potential locations of defects can predicted in advance, 

allowing for early prevention. This also helps in preliminarily 
determining the corresponding structure and parameters in the 
mold forming process. 

2. Product Analysis  
According to the performance requirements, the material of 

the plate is selected as AISI304, with a thickness of 1mm, 
which good corrosion resistance, heat resistance, good 
mechanical properties, and good stamping and bending 
processing properties[1]. 

 

         
Figure 1. Front side of the plate            Figure 2. Back side of the plate 

 
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the dinner plate is a shallow 

drawn cylindrical part, and its front appearance reflects its 
quality. The back of the plate has a circular flange feature at 
the edge, which is prone to wrinkling during production, 
affecting the overall quality. 

3. Plate Pressing Process 
The dinner plate is a shallow cylindrical part that requires 

deep drawing to achieve its initial shape. After the deep 
drawing process, excess material will appear on both, which 
needs to be trimmed. Due to the large flanging angle, it is 
difficult to achieve the desired shape in one operation in the 
mold. Therefore, flanging process is carried out in two 
stages[2]. 

 Through analysis, the formation of the plate is completed 
in four steps: deep drawing, blanking, single flanging, and 
secondary flanging, as shown Figure 3. 

 
Figure 3. Plate pressing process 

4. Finite Element Analysis of 
Tableware Forming Process 

DYNAFORM software, jointly developed by ETA and 
LSTC companies in the USA, is a specialized software for 
numerical simulation of sheet metal forming, of simulating 
various complex issues in sheet metal forming. The stamping 
forming process of the dinner plate was simulated using 
Dynaform software[3],Predicting the forming problems of 



 

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different processes, optimizing the forming parameters and 
mold structure. 

4.1. Analysis of Drawing Process 
Import the IGES file of the mold structure model into the 

software and carry out preliminary settings. Pay attention to 
the reasonable division of the mesh size, check for overlaps, 
sharp corners, and voids to avoid affecting the analysis results. 

After setting the parameters through the quick setup method, 
submit the solution and check results[4].After multiple rounds 
of finite element analysis and optimization, the Dynaform 
deep drawing process die structure is shown in Figure 4. The 
deep drawing process an inverted die structure and employs 
an upper ejection method. The punch speed is 4000mm/s, the 
blank holder force is 75000N, and other parameters are set to 
system defaults. The analysis results are as follows: 

 

 
Figure 4. Dynaform deep drawing process mould structure 

 

 
Figure 5. FLD diagram 

 

 
Figure 6. Thickness distribution map 

 
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the entire deep drawing 

area of the material is green, indicating a safe region. The 
material thickness the bottom fillet of the deep drawing is the 
smallest, approximately 0.936mm, with a low thinning rate, 
making the possibility of extremely small. The flange areas 
are all gray, with a maximum material thickness of 
approximately 1.001mm, and the risk of wrinkling is 
extremely. Comprehensive analysis shows that the drawing 
process is reliable. 

4.2. Analysis of Blanking Process 
The Dynain file for the drawing is trimmed, retaining the 

internal parting line, and then calculated. The untrimmed 
effect is shown in Figure7 , where the red is the formed part 

after drawing, and the gray is the parting line. The effect after 
trimming is shown in Figure 8, which the initial piece for the 
single flanging. The Dynanform software is unable to 
simulate the punching process and can only simulate the 
punching effect, providing an initial piece for the next process. 

 

      
Figure 7. Blanking line         Figure 8. Blanking effect 



 

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4.3. Analysis of the Single Flanging Process 
The IGES file of the die structure model was imported into 

the software, with initial settings carried out, including mesh 
division and inspection. The traditional method was used to 
define the tools: die, blank, binder, punch, as well as the 
motion curves of the concave die and the blank holder. 

solution was then submitted, and the results were reviewed. 
After multiple simulations and optimizations, the optimized 
single flanging die structure, as shown in Figure 9, adopts an 
elastic unloading and top ejection method. After optimization, 
the concave die stamping speed is 400mm/s, the clamping 
force is 200000N, and the pressure ring stroke is 10mm, while 
other parameters default. The analysis results are as follows: 

 

 
Figure 9. The initial flanging die structure in Dynaform 

 

 
Figure 10.FLD diagram 

 

 
Figure 11. Thickness distribution map 

 
As shown in Figures 10 and 11, after single flanging 

operation, the flanged area of the material predominantly 
appears purple, with pink and gray portions. The material 
thickness is approximately 1.041mm, and there are slight 
wrinkles, which are common defects in the flanging[5].The 
minimum thickness of the flange is approximately 0.984mm, 
with an extremely low risk of rupture. In other areas, there no 
significant change in thickness since they do not participate 
in the work. Comprehensive analysis shows that the mold 
structure and forming parameters of the single flanging 

operation are reasonable, ensuring reliable forming and 
achieving good results. 

4.4. Analysis of the Secondary Flanging 
Process 

The analysis method for the secondary flanging process is 
similar to that of the single flanging process. The dynain file 
model after the single flanging is imported, and the traditional 
setup method is used to define the tool die, blank, binder, 
punch, as well as the motion curves of the concave die and the 



 

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blank holder. solution was then submitted, and the results 
were reviewed. Through multiple simulations and 
optimizations, the structure of the secondary flanging die is 
shown Figure 12. The secondary flanging process uses a 
double-action die structure. After optimization, the punching 

speed of the concave die is 400mm/s, and the die stroke is 
99.8mm. The pressure ring stroke is 39.9mm, and the pressure 
force is 200000N, while other parameters are set to default. 
The analysis results are as follows: 

 

 
Figure 12. The structure of the secondary flanging die in Dynaform 

 

 
Figure 13. FLD diagram 

 

 
Figure 14. Thickness distribution map 

 

As shown in Figures 13 and 14, after the secondary flanging, 
the flanged parts of the material are mainly purple and dark, 
with a small amount of pink and gray. The maximum 
thickness of the material is approximately 1.097 mm, and the 
minimum thickness at theanged parts is about 1.029 mm. 
There will be very small wrinkles, but there is no risk of 
rupture, and the non-flanged do not change significantly. 
Comprehensive analysis shows that the structure of the 
secondary flanging die is reasonable and the forming effect is 
good. 

5. Conclusion  
In the deep drawing process, increasing the blank holding 

force appropriately can effectively improve the wrinkling 
defect[6].By increasing the fillet radius at the draw opening 
and reducing friction at the fillet, the material flow can be 
improved to prevent rupture[7].The punching process cannot 
be simulated in Dynaform and needs to be controlled in 
practice to ensure the quality of the punching. For flanging, 
reducing flanging gap appropriately can reduce wrinkling. By 



 

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analyzing the forming process of the plate, the possible 
locations of defects in the forming process are predicted, 
corresponding improvement are taken, the structure of the 
mold and the forming parameters are preliminarily 
determined, which shortens the cycle and reduces the cost of 
actual production[8].In actual production, on-site debugging 
of the mold is also required, and further optimization is 
carried out based on the actual situation, in order to finally 
produce that meet customer expectations. 

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