Bogdanovic.pdf ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 165 Acta Bot. Croat. 74 (1), 165–172, 2015 CODEN: ABCRA 25 ISSN 0365-0588 eISSN 1847-8476 Short communication Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (Poaceae): typifi cation and occurrence in Croatia SANDRO BOGDANOVIĆ1*, IVICA LJUBIČIĆ1, MORENO CLEMENTI2 1 University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Botany, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 2 University of Padova, Department of Biology, Via Ugo Bassi 58 B, 35131 Padova, Italy Abstract – After 88 years, occurrence of Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (Poaceae) in Croatian fl ora was confi rmed and its distribution is supplemented by new localities. It has been confi rmed and its distribution supplemented by new localities. Populations of a few speci- mens were found in southern Istria, in the vicinity of the small town of Bale, in the village of Krnica and on the Rt Kamenjak promontory, growing within dry Mediterranean grass- lands. Based on herbarium revision a lectotype from Visiani’s collection in herbarium PAD and an epitype from the herbarium W were designated. Keywords: Aegilops, epitype, herbarium PAD, herbarium W, Istria, lectotype, Poaceae, rare species Introduction The genus Aegilops L. (Poaceae) consists of more than 20 species and has been a wide- ly studied genus among grasses since it was confi rmed to have the secondary gene pool for cultivated wheat (VAN SLAGEREN 1994, BELKADI et al. 2003). Furthermore, in some ap- proaches the genus Triticum L. is included in the genus Aegilops. The species of this genus are adapted to diverse disturbed and ruderal environments, pastures, dry grasslands, edges of cultivated fi elds (BELKADI et al. 2003), and are mainly distributed in Southwest and Cen- tral Asia and throughout the Mediterranean Basin (CABI et al. 2010). In the fl ora of Croatia the genus Aegilops is represented by six species: A. cylindrica Host, A. geniculata Roth, A. lorentii Hochst., A. neglecta Req. ex Bertol., A. triuncialis L. and A. uniaristata Vis. (NIKOLIĆ 2014). A. uniaristata was described from the Zadar area as an annual species morphologically similar to A. cylindrica (VISANI 1852: 345). In Croatia this species is protected (ANONYMUS 2009) and it has the category of near threatened (NT) plant (NIKOLIĆ and TOPIĆ 2005). Morphologically A. uniaristata is easy to distinguish from * Corresponding author, e-mail: sbogdanovic@agr.hr Copyright® 2015 by Acta Botanica Croatica, the Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb. All rights reserved. BOGDANOVIĆ S., LJUBIČIĆ I., CLEMENTI M. 166 ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 other Aegilops species by the solitary awns on both glumes of its terminal spikelet (Fig. 1). A. uniaristata can be diploid and tetraploid (2n = 14, 28) and with A. comosa Sm. in Sibth. et Sm. it belongs to the section Comopyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Zhuk. (TUTIN and HUMPHRIES 1980, WITCOMBE 1983, CABI 2010). Aegilops uniaristata is distributed mainly in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean: Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montene- gro, Italy, Albania and Greece (PIGNATTI 1982, WITCOMBE 1983, VAN SLAGEREN 1994, PERRINO 2011, PERRINO et al. 2014, NIKOLIĆ 2014) while in Turkey it is probably extinct (CABI 2010). It grows within Mediterranean dry grasslands and sometimes on anthropogenic habitats es- pecially at the border of olive groves (VAN SLA- GEREN 1994, PERRINO 2011, PERRINO et al. 2014). In the Croatian fl ora, according to litera- ture data, A. uniaristata was previously known from Zadar (VISIANI 1852), from the wider area of Pula in southern Istria (FREYN 1878) and from the island of Plavnik in the Kvarner Archipelago (HORVATIĆ 1927). Several specimens deposited in herbarium ZA were collected in the period from 1872 to 1925 in Poreč, Rijeka, on the islands of Lošinj and Unije, from surroundings of Pula, and along the Kvarner Lit- toral. Since then, new localities have not been reported. Material and methods Based on fi eld surveys performed in Istria in 2012 and 2013, and on herbarium revi- sions, new insight regarding the distribution and occurrence of A. uniaristata along the Eastern Adriatic coast was provided. Herbarium specimens were studied in CNHM, NHMR, PAD, ZA, ZAGR, ZAHO, W, and VIRTUAL HERBARIA database. Abbrevia- tions of herbaria follow THIERS (2014). Newly collected herbarium specimens of A. unia- ristata from Istria are deposited in ZAGR and are accessible through Virtual ZAGR her- barium (BOGDANOVIĆ 2014). Relevant taxonomic literature and determination keys were used for identifi cation ac- cording to WITCOMBE (1983), VAN SLAGEREN (1994) and CABI (2010). A distribution map was generated using geocoded herbarium localities and literature data combined with the Flora Croatica Database (NIKOLIĆ 2014). Typifi cation was performed in accordance with the ICN Code (MC NEILL et al. 2012). Results and discussion Aegilops uniaristata Vis., Fl. Dalm. 3: 345 (1852). Homotypic synonyms: Chennapyrum uniaristatum (Vis.) Á. Löve, Triticum uniari sta tum (Vis.) K. Richter. Fig. 1. Infl orescence of Aegilops uniaristata Vis. (photo by S. Bogdanović). AEGILOPS UNIARISTATA IN CROATIA ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 167 Heterotypic synonyms: Aegilops notarisii Clementi, Aegilops uniaristata Steud. (nom. illeg.). Species description: A. uniaristata is an annual species, with numerous stems, up to 40 cm height. Leaves are glabrous or shortly hairy, with glabrous sheaths or the lower patent- hairy. Spike subovoid rarely moniliform, tapering towards apex, 1–3.5 cm long (excl. awns), with usually 2–3 fertile spikelets and 2(–3) rudimentary spikelets. Each spikelet has one caryopsis and the whole spike breaking off as a unit at maturity. Lower glume of lowest spikelets is 6–8 mm long and 4–6 mm wide, awned or toothed. Glumes of apical spikelet with a fl at 3–5 cm long awn without lateral teeth or awns, glumes of lateral spikelets dis- tinctly ventricose, bifi d into a sharp tooth and an increasing short awn towards apex. Awns are variable in number and length, often patent at maturity (Fig. 1). Distribution in Croatia: Istria, Kvarner Archipelago and central Dalmatia (town of Zadar and the island of Hvar) (Fig. 2). Our fi ndings in Istria: the village of Krnica near the small town of Bale (vicinity of the town of Rovinj) and Rt Kamenjak promontory provide the fi rst records of this species in the Croatian fl ora after 88 years. The area of distribution of A. uniaristata has been extended from Istria and Kvarner Archipelago to central Dalmatia because of one herbarium speci- men from the island of Hvar found in W, while at the locus classicus in Zadar the species was not confi rmed (Fig. 2). A. uniaristata seems to be more widespread along the Adriatic coasts of Italy and Croatia as concluded in PERRINO (2011) and PERRINO et al. (2014). Further fi ndings of this rare species could be expected in similar habitats along Croatian coast and islands. Typifi cation Research of original type material deposited in PAD and W enabled designation of a lectotype and an epitype in accordance with Art. 9.2 and Art. 9.8 of the ICN Code (MC NEILL et al. 2012). Fig. 2. Present distribution of Aegilops uniaristata Vis. in Croatia (▲ literature data, ● herbarium data). BOGDANOVIĆ S., LJUBIČIĆ I., CLEMENTI M. 168 ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 Lectotype: CROATIA. Circa Zara [Zadar], s. d., Alsch. [A. Alschinger] (lectotype here des- ignated: PAD-H0028902) (Fig. 3, the right specimen). Fig. 3. Lectotype of Aegilops uniaristata Vis. deposited in PAD, the right specimen (reproduced with permission). AEGILOPS UNIARISTATA IN CROATIA ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 169 Epitype: CROATIA. Circa Zara [Zadar], s. d., s. n. (epitype here designated: W-Rchb. 1889-0251356) (Fig. 4). Fig. 4. Epitype of Aegilops uniaristata Vis. deposited in W (© Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, reproduced with permission). BOGDANOVIĆ S., LJUBIČIĆ I., CLEMENTI M. 170 ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 The sterile specimen that we have selected, from the general collection in PAD (PAD- H0028902) fully corresponds to the protologue (»in herbidis circa Zara, unde communi- cavit Prof. Alschinger«). The label is in Visiani’s handwriting. The lectotype is mounted on the same sheet as another, later specimen (PAD-H0028901, Fig. 3, left specimen). What ap- peared to be a fruiting duplicate is available from Visiani’s main collection (Herbarium Dalmaticum in PAD, PAD-HD00406), but unfortunately the spikelets conserved in the en- velope pinned to the herbarium sheet clearly do not belong to the genus Aegilops and were certainly attached there by mistake. That specimen, therefore, does not correspond with the protologue and could not be selected as type. Since the spike is fundamental for the mor- phological identifi cation of this species, we designate, as an epitype, a second specimen by Visiani, in W (W-Rchb. 1889-0251356), which was incorrectly recognised as an isotype by M. Van Slageren (WAG), in 1989. This specimen was not suitable as lectotype since it can- not be shown to have been collected by Alschinger as cited in the protologue. Specimina visa In total forty two herbarium specimens were consulted and studied from CNHM, NHMR, PAD, ZA, ZAGR, ZAHO and W: CROATIA: Plavnik, 14.06.1925, S. Horvatić (ZA14867); Flora Lussinensis, Unija-Polje, 22.05.1912, A. Haračić (ZA14868); Flora Lussinensis, Unie, Polje, illeg., 22.05.1912, A. Haračić (ZA14862); Cigale, 24.05.1897, A. Haračić (ZA14864); Cigale, 24.05.1897, A. Haračić (ZA14872); Flora Lussinensis, illeg. Cigale, 12.06.1891, A. Haračić (ZA14861); Flora Lussinensis, Blatina, strada tur. che conduce in Slatina, 15.06.1890, A. Haračić (ZA14863); Kod Rieke, 06.1872, Lj. Rossi (ZA14871); Istriae-australis circa Parentians, M.G.S. Tommasini (ZA14865); Im Val bandon b. Pola, 28.08.1872, E. Hackel (ZA14866); Istria. Austria, prope oppidium Parentium, 06.1884, C. Marchesetti (ZA14869); Istria, Is. Fenera pr. Promontore, 06.1893, C. Marchesetti (ZA14870); Istra, okolica mjesta Bale, uz cestu, 30.05.2012, S. Bogdanović & I. Ljubičić (ZAGR33401); Istra, Premantura, Rt Ka- menjak, 30.05.2013, S. Bogdanović & I. Ljubičić (ZAGR33402); Hrvatska, Istra, Gornji Kamenjak, Rt Bumbište-Crvene stine, suhi travnjak, 30.05.2012, S. Bogdanović & I. Ljubičić (ZAGR31701); Hrvatska, Istra, Krnica, 28.05.2014, I. Vitasović Kosić & M. Brit- vec (ZAGR36459); Isola di Lesina, Dalmazia, s.d., Anonymous coll. (W1974-0008324); Macchien-Mte Foibor, Pola, 08.06.1901, K. Untchj (W1949-0004005); Auf Grasplätzen um Parengo und sonst hie und da in Südistrien, 05.19##, M.G.S. de Tommasini (W1940- 0021473); Istrien, Straßenränder am Monte Grande bei Pola, 08.06.1909, E. Korb (W1951- 0002571); Austria, Isria, in graminosis prope oppidum Parentium, 06.1884, C. von Marche- setti (W1887-0001937); Auf Wiesen um Pola, Rovigno, 05.1863, M.G.S. de Tommasini (W-Hackel 1916-0013598); In herbidis Istria australis circa Parenzo, 05.1863, M.G.S. de Tommasini (W1912-0020319); Istria. Is. Fenera pr. Promontore, 1898, C. von Marcchesetti (W1900-0003890); In herbidis circa Zara, s.d., R. de Visiani (W-Rchb. 1889-0251356); Val Bandon b. Pola, 20.05.1872, E. Hackel (W-Hackel 1916-0013599); Auf einem Grabplatz des Prato grande bei Pola, 08.06.1880, E. Witting (W1887-0006684); Flora Lussinensis, Blatine, 12.06.1891, A. Haračić (W1927-0017653); Istria. In pratis apricis ad mare prope Parentium, s.d., C. von Marchesetti (W 1887-0006685); Ad Parnzo, in graminosis, 05.1863, M.G.S. de Tommasini (W0001020); Istrien, An Straßenrändern auf der Insel Brioni mag- giore, 13.06.1909. E. Korb (W1951-0002570); Sull’isola di Unie, Quarnero, 23.06.1843, AEGILOPS UNIARISTATA IN CROATIA ACTA BOT. CROAT. 74 (1), 2015 171 M.G.S. de Tommasini (PAD-HD00405); Circa Zara, s.d., A. Alschinger (PAD-HD00405); Zara, s.d., M.G.S. de Tommasini (PAD-HD00404); contorni di Parenzo, frà la Stanza Artori e Val del Rio, 19.05.1843, M.G.S. de Tommasini (PAD-H0028901); circa Zara, s.d., A. Al- schinger (PAD-H0028902). GREECE: Constatinople. Lieux herbeux prés de Zékériékeny, 02.06.21901, G.V. Azna- vour (W1974-0008547); Flora de Constantinople. Lieux herbeux près de Zékériékeny, 06.02.1901, G.V. Aznavour (W1902-0010391); Insel Kérkira (Nom. Kerkíras). Talsenke sündlich von der Brücke der Straße Paleokastrítsa-Kérkira, 22,-4 km S(-SSE) Skriperó, Niederung unweit der Straße, 09.05.2000, W. Gutermann et al. 34636 (W2006-0015228); Insel Kérkira (Nom. Kerkíras). Hügelland S Giannádes: an der Fahrpiste knapp 1 km in Richtung Ermónes, 15.05.2000, W. Gutermann et al. 34942 (W2006-0015231); Eriman- thos, s.d., I. Trinajstić (CNHM26920). ITALY: Leucaspide prope Tarentum in saxosis, 19.05.1881, H. Groves (W-Hackel 1916- 0013597). Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank curators of herbaria CNHM, NHMR, PAD, ZA, ZAGR, ZAHO and W during investigation of herbarium specimens. This study was fi nanced by the project »Vascular fl ora mapping of Gornji Kamenjak: Pilot study 2«. References ANONYMOUS, 2009: Ordinance on designating wild taxa protected and strictly protected (in Croatian). Narodne novine 99/09. 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