Species of anamorphic fungi rare and new for Poland Iwona adamska department of Plant Pathology, University of agriculture Słowackiego 17, PL-71-434 Szczecin, iwonaadamska@interia.pl A d a m s k a I.: Species of anamorphic fungi rare and new for Poland. Acta Mycol. 42 (1):79-84, 2007. Morinia pestalozzioides, Seimatosporium hypericinum, Septoria artemisiae, S. artemisiae- maritimae, S. achilleicola and S. symphyti, fungi not recorded in Poland before, are described and illustrated. The species were found during studies on the occurrence of parasitic fungi conducted in selected sites in the Słowiński National Park and in the Western Pomerania between 2001 and 2004. Key words: Morinia, Seimatosporium, Septoria, Słowiński National Park, parasitic fungi INTRODUCTION Achillea ptarmica, Artemisia vulgaris, Hypericum perforatum, and Symphytum officinale are plants of considerable pharmaceutical importance in the climatic zone of Poland. Their green parts (A. ptarmica, Ar. vulgaris and H. perforatum), roots (A. ptarmica and S. officinale), and capitula (A. ptarmica) are used in drug and cos- metic production ( P o d b i e l k o w s k i , S u d n i k -W ó j c i k o w s k a 2003) . These plants may be encountered in shrubs and meadows, on hills, and riverbanks, and occur commonly in the lowland part of Poland. During studies conducted in the Słowiński National Park (SNP) and the Western Pomerania (WP), Achillea ptarmica, Artemisia vulgaris, Ar. campestris subsp. sericea, Hypericum perforatum, and Symphytum officinale were frequently recorded to be infected by parasitic fungi. Among the fungi identified, Morinia pestalozzioides, Septoria achilleicola, S. artemisiae, S. artemisiae-maritimae and S. symphyti occurred, fungi previously not reported from Poland. The species are described and illustrated below. ACTA MYCOLOGICA Vol. 42 (1): 79-84 2007 Dedicated to Professor Alina Skirgiełło on the occasion of her ninety-fifth birthday 80 I. Adamska MATERIAL AND METHODS In the years 2001 to 2004, diseased stems and leaves of plants growing in the Diantho-Armerietum elongatae Krausch 1959, Helichryso-Jasionetum litoralis Libb. 1940, Myrico-Salicetum auritae (Allg. 1922) R. Tx. et Pass. 1961, and Fraxino-Alnetum W. Mat. (1952) 1987 plant associations of the SNP and WP were collected. In the laboratory, they were first air dried and then placed into paper envelopes. To identify the parasitic fungi associated with the plant parts collected, thin cuttings were taken from a transverse section of the fungal structures revealed and the plant tissue infected using a safety razor. Subsequently, the cuttings were mounted in a drop of lactic acid placed on a microscopic slide, covered with a cover slip, and ob- served under the Axiolab Zeiss compound microscope. The structures of the fungi found were measured with a micrometric eyepiece and a screwmicrometer. The nomenclature of plant associations is according to M a t u s z k i e w i c z ( 2001) , and that of plant species follows M i r e k et al. ( 2002). The plant species sampled were identified according to S z a f e r , K u l c z y ń s k i , P a w ł o w s k i (1969). The fungi found were determined after B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985), E l l i s and E l l i s ( 1987) , S u t t o n ( 1980). All the specimens of plants and fungi discussed below are deposited at the Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture in Szczecin. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Six anamorphic fungal species new and rare for Poland were found. They colo- nised leaves of Hypericum perforatum, Artemisia campestris subsp. sericea, A. vulgaris, Achillea ptarmica, and Symphytum officinale. Symbols: CaEn – Carici arenariae-Empetretum nigri DAe – Diantho-Armerietum elongatae HeJl – Helichryso-Jasionetum litoralis MSa – Myrico-Salicetum auritae FrAl – Fraxino-Alnetum Morinia pestalozzioides Berl. & Berk. Spots on dead stems, subcircular, grey to brown, 2-4 mm diam. Acervuli circu- lar, dark brown to black, 150 μm diam. Conidia muriform, with 5 transverse septa and 2-3 vertical septa, 18-25 x 9-12 μm. Medial cells brown, terminal cells light- olive to hyaline. Apical cell with 2-3 unbranched, hyaline setulae, 10-12 μm long. On Artemisia campestris L. subsp. sericea: SPN, Łeba, CaEn VI 2002 (Figs 1 A-C). The conidial dimensions in the material found in the SNP slightly diverged from those given by S a c c a r d o ( 1892; conidia 22-24 x 8-10 μm; apical setulae 14-20 x 1 μm) and S u t t o n (1980; conidia 16-22 x 5-7 ųm; apical setulae 12-19 ųm long). Distribution. Morinia pestalozzioides has so far been reported from Italy (S u t t o n 1980). remarks. According to S u t t o n (1980), A. camphorata Vill. is another host plant of M. pestalozzioides. species of anamorphic fungi 81 Seimatosporium hypericinum (Ces.) B. Sutton spots randomly distributed on the upper leaf side, irregular, grey to pale brown, 3-6 mm diam. Acervuli brown to black, 200-250 μm diam. Conidia curved, falcate, 4-celled conidia, 14-15 x 6.5-7.5 μm. Two medial cells 4-5 μm long, olive to light- olive. Terminal cells 1-2 μm long, hyaline, with 2 unbranched, straight or curved, hyaline setulae, 12-14 μm long. On Hypericum perforatum L.: WP, Karkowo near Kołobrzeg, DAe VI 2002 (Figs 1 D-F). The acervular diameter of the specimen found by the present author was con- vergent with that given by S u t t o n ( 1980; diameter above 200 μm). The conidial dimensions in the material found in the SNP slightly diverged from those given by E l l i s and E l l i s (1987; 15-19 x 4.5-5.5 μm) and S u t t o n (1980; 15-18 x 4.5-5.5 μm). The colour of medial cells in the conidia found in the material collected in the SNP slightly diverged from that given by E l l i s and E l l i s (1987) and S u t t o n (1980). According to these authors, these cells were light-brown, while they were lighter, mostly olive, in the material collected in the SNP. Distribution. POLAND. Seimatosporium hypericinum has already been repor- ted to occur in the Lublin region (Z i m o w s k a 2002, 2004; Z i m o w s k a , M a c h o - w i c z - S t e f a n i a k 1999, 2004) and in the Western Pomerania (A d a m s k a 2006). OTHER REGIONS. Seimatosporium hypericinum has so far been reported from Italy, Sweden, Germany, Great Britain, France (S u t t o n 1980), and Australia (Fa r r et al. 2007). remarks. apart from H. perforatum, another host plant of S. hypericinum is H. tetrapterum Fries (E l l i s , E l l i s 1987). Septoria achilleicola Melnik Spots on the upper leaf side, ovoid to circular, pale brown to dark brown, 3-5 mm diam. Pycnidia globose, brown to dark brown, 125 μm diam., with a circular ostiolum (15-20 μm), immersed in the leaf tissue. Conidia hyaline, filamentous, 4-7 celled, 32- 37.5 x 2-2.5 (-4) μm. On Achillea ptarmica L.: SPN, Kluki, MSa VIII 2001. The conidial dimensions were within the range given by Te t e r e v n i k o v a - - B a b a j a n (1987; 14-40 x 1-2 μm); however, the conidia of the specimen collected in the SNP were slightly shorter than those described by B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985; 36-60 x 1.5-1.8 μm). The number of septa in the conidia was greater than that given by Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987; 1-2-septate), but close to that given by B r a n d e n b u r g e r [1985; 2-4-(6)-septate]. Distribution. Septoria achilleicola has been reported from the European part of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Asia (Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n 1987). remarks. According to Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987), another host plant of S. achilleicola is A. salicifolia Besser. other fungal species of the genus Septoria infecting plants of the genus Alchemil- la are S. moschatae F. Mangenot (B r a n d e n b u r g e r 1985), S. millefolii (Oudem.) Grove, and S. ptarmicae Pass. (Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n 1987). Septoria artemisiae Pass. spots distributed on the upper leaf side, subcircular, yellow to pale brown. Pyc- nidia numerous, globose, brown, 120-150 μm diam., with a circular ostiolum (35 μm diam.), immersed in the leaf tissue. Conidia hyaline, filamentous, aseptate, 35- 82 I. Adamska 40 x 1-2 μm. on Artemisia campestris L. subsp. sericea: SPN, Łeba, HeJl VIII 2002, A. vulgaris L.: SPN, Gać, FrAl IX 2001. The conidial dimensions of the specimens found by the author of this paper were similar to those given by B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985; 30-33 (57) x 1-1.5 μm), C e j p and J e c h o v a (1967; 19.5-57 x 1-1.5 μm), and Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987; 20-45 x 1-1.5 μm). Distribution. Septoria artemisiae has been observed in the European part of the former Soviet Union, the Netherlands, Germany, Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Italy, the US, Asia (Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n 1987), as well as in Bulgaria, Korea, China and India (Fa r r et al. 2007) . remarks. apart from A. vulgaris, other plant hosts of S. artemisiae are A. austri- aca Jacq., A. dracunculus L., and A. scoparia W. et K. (Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n 1987). According to B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985), plants of the genus Artemisia are infect- ed by three species of the genus Septoria (i. e., S. artemisiae Pass., S. artemisiae-mar- itimae Lobik, and S. globosa Strasser), and not by five (S. artemisiae, S. artemisiae- maritimae, S. artemisiana Garb., S. moeszii Smarods, S. tabacina Died. var. tabacina, and S. tabacina Died. var. dracunculina D. Bab.) as Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987) found. B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985) considered S. moeszii and S. artemisiana to be synonyms of S. globosa. According to Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987), A. vulgaris is sometimes also affected by S. artemisiana and S. tabacina var. tabacina. Septoria artemisiae-maritimae Pass. spots on the upper leaf side, circular, grey to pale brown, 1-2 mm diam. Pycnidia flattened, pale brown to brown, 65-95 μm diam., with a circular ostiolum (20-28 μm diam.), immersed in the leaf tissue. Conidia narrowly cylindrical, hyaline, aseptate or 3-5-celled, 25-30 (-35) x 2.5-4 μm. on Artemisia campestris L. subsp. sericea: SPN, Łeba, HeJl IX 2002 (Figs 1 G-I). The conidial dimensions of the specimens found by the author of this paper were similar to those given by B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985; 20-26 x 2.2-3.6 μm) and Te t e r - e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987; 19.8-26.3 x 3-4 μm). Distribution. Septoria artemisiae-maritimae has already been observed in the European part of the former Soviet Union and Asia (Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n 1987). remarks. According to Te t e r e v n i k o v a - B a b a j a n (1987), another host plant of S. artemisiae-maritimae is A. maritima L. var. salicina. Septoria symphyti Cejp spots on the upper leaf side, ovoid to irregular, brown to dark brown, 5-15 mm diam. Pycnidia globose, brown, 80-135 μm diam., immersed in the leaf tissue. Co- nidia filamentous, hyaline, 4-septate, 37.5 x 1-1.5 μm. on Symphytum officinale L.: SPN, Gać, FrAl IX 2004. The pycnidium diameter and the conidial length in the material collected in the SNP were similar to those of the specimens described by B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985; 90-110 μm diam and 24-48 μm long, respectively). The conidial length and the number of septa in the conidia (3-4-septate) also were similar to those given by B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985); however, the conidia in the material collected in the species of anamorphic fungi 83 SNP were narrower (37.5 x 1-1.5 μm) than those characterized by B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985; 24-48 x 1.7-2.6 μm). Distribution. Septoria symphyti has been observed in the Czech Republic, Slova- kia, and Bulgaria (Fa r r et al. 2007). remarks. According to B r a n d e n b u r g e r (1985), S. symphyti is the only species of the genus Septoria occurring on plants of the genus Symphytum in Europe. Acknowledgement. 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W trak- cie badań znaleziono Morinia pestalozzioides, Seimatosporium hypericinum, Septoria artemi- siae, S. artemisiae-maritimae, S. achilleicola i S. symphyti, gatunki nowe dla Polski. W artykule opisano i zilustrowano znalezione gatunki grzybów. 2014-01-01T11:45:21+0100 Polish Botanical Society