Threatened and protected macromycetes in the Wkrzańska Forest STEFAN FRIEDRICH Department of Botany and Nature Protection, University of Agriculture Słowackiego 17, PL 71 434 Szczecin; sfriedrich@agro.ar.szczecin.pl F r i e d r i c h S.: Threatened and protected macromycetes in the Wkrzańska Forest. Acta Mycol. 41(2): 229 240, 2006. Eightysix interesting species of macromycetes, including fungi red listed in Poland (84 species) and fungi protected in Poland (11 species), observed in the Wkrzańska Forest are described. A total of 460 species of macromycetes were recorded during mycosociological studies conducted in the period between 2003 and 2005. Key words: macromycetes, Wkrzańska Forest, threatened species, protected species, red list of fungi INTRODUCTION The Wkrzańska Forest is a vast complex of ca. 1 550 km2 divided between Poland and Germany (Fig. 1). The Polish part, covering 340 km2 (Z a r ę b a 1986), comprises the Wkrzańska Plain and the northern part of the Szczecińskie Hills (K o n d r a c k i 1998). Leucobryo-Pinetum and Querco roboris-Pinetum phytocoenoses of various age dominate in the central and northern plain parts of the Wkrzańska Forest. Broadleaved and mixed tree-stands of the Luzulo pilosae-Fagetum and Fago-Quercetum petraeae as- sociations occur in its western and southern parts on moraine hills. Small sections, scattered over the study area, are overgrown with the following associations: Ribeso nigri-Alnetum, Betulo pendulae-Quercetum roboris, Fraxino-Alnetum, Vaccinio uliginosi- Betuletum pubescentis. The forests are administered by the Trzebież Forest District. Macromycetes in the Wkrzańska Forest had not been examined before. Only 5 species of macromycetes common in Poland collected during studies on poplar mycotrophy have been reported from the area (D o m i n i k , I h n a t o w i c z 1979): Laccaria laccata, Laetiporus sulphureus, Polyporus squamosus, Trametes versicolor and Vascellum pratense. On the other hand, the mycobiota of the adjacent regions has been investigated in relative depth: the Goleniowska Forest to the east of the study area (F r i e d r i c h 1984, 1985a, 1985b, 1997) and the city of Szczecin to the south (F r i e d r i c h 1987; F r i e d r i c h , O r z e c h o w s k a 2002). Systematic myco- logical studies in the Wkrzańska Forest commenced in 2002. The occurrence and ACTA MYCOLOGICA Vol. 41 (2): 229-240 2006 Dedicated to Professor Alina Skirgiełło on the occasion of her ninety fifth birthday 230 S. Friedrich Fig. 1. Localization of macromycetes observation plots in Wkrzańska Primeval Forest: 1 observation plots (sites), 2 numbers of the grid ATPOL squares, 3 forests boundary, 4 state boundary. Threatened and protected macromycetes 231 the distribution of threatened and protected macromycetes are presented below. The participation and the role of macromycetes in the forest communities of the Wkrzańska Forest will be discussed separately. Analysis results will be used to com- pile a regional list of threatened fungi in Pomerania. METHODS Systematic mycosociological research was conducted at 21 permanent observa- tions plots, 400 m2 each, set up in forest communities. Community sociology was determined by the present author. Supplementary studies, that is individual myco- logical and phytosociological observations at additional 64 plots, also 400 m2 each, were carried out throughout the periods of increased fungal fruiting. The sites were situated in the ATPOL grid squares (Tab. 1). Fruiting abundance was evaluated in the M o s e r ’ s scale (1949). The growth manner of the fruit-bodies on the substrate was also identified. Mycological observations were additionally performed outside the forest areas (roadsides, forest tracts, glades, etc.) using the itinerary method, fungal species were recorded, and occurrence conditions were noted. Studies were continued over 3-4 years in permanent plots which were examined 5 times per year on average. Fungal taxa of red-listed threatened species (Wo j e w o d a , Ł a w r y n o w i c z 1992) and protected species (Dz. U. 2004.168.1765) were included in the study. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The occurrence of 460 fungal species belonging to all ecological groups were re- corded during studies conducted at 85 sites between 2002 and 2005. A high percent- age of mycorrhizal fungi which constitute 38% of the recorded macromycetes should be stressed. The participation of other groups is as follows: lignicolous fungi – over 30%, litter-inhabiting and bryophilous fungi – over 23%, humicolous saprobes – over 6%, plant and fungal parasites – less than 3%. Many of these taxa are threatened or rare not only in Poland. The occurrence of 86 interesting species collected between 2002 and 2005 is de- scribed below. A total of 84 red-listed species threatened in Poland and 11 species protected in Poland were recorded in the mycobiota of the Wkrzańska Forest. One species is classified as extinct (Ex), 4 species are classified as endangered (E), 16 species are classified as vulnerable (V), 31 species are classified as rare (R), and 32 species are classified as indeterminate (I). Some threatened species are protected, and only 2 protected species (Langermannia gigantea, Meripilus giganteus) are not red-listed. The nomenclature and systematics of the orders follow K i r k et al. (2001), and the nomenclature of the species follows many sources cited by Wo j e w o d a (2003), mostly: A n t o n í n & N o o r d e l o o s (1997), H a n s e n & K n u d s e n (1992, 1997, 2000), K r e i s e l (1987), K r i e g l s t e i n e r G . J . (1991), K r i e g l s t e i n e r L . (1999). Species within orders are reported alphabetically. Threat category and protection category as well as the substrate type are given for each species, and the plant community in which the species occurs is specified. The following data are also provided: quantity range of the occurrence of fruit-bod- 232 S. Friedrich Ta b l e 1 Sites of macromycetes in the Wkrzańska Forest No ATPOL Forest district Forest division Plant association No ATPOL Forest district Forest division Plant association 1 Ba73 Tanowo 813c LP 39 Ba53 Pienice 110i QrP 2* Ba73 Tanowo 771g LP 40 Ba53 Pienice 148b pine greenwood 3 Ba72 Tanowo 772 FQp 41 Ba52 Pienice 115a LP 4* Ba63 Tanowo 718g LP 42 Ba52 Pienice 83g LpF 5 Ba63 Tanowo 718f QrP 43 Ba52 Pienice 82l QrP 6 Ba63 Tanowo 718b pine greenwood 44 Ba62 Tatynia 666d LpF 7 Ba62 Tanowo 669d LP 45* Ba62 Tatynia 667b LpF 8 Ba62 Tanowo 670j pine greenwood 50 Ba62 Tatynia 577g LP 9 Ba63 Tusznica 589a LP 51 Ba62 Tatynia 531c QrP 10 Ba63 Tusznica 564b LP 52 Ba62 Zalesie 532b QrP 11 Ba63 Tusznica 516l LpF 53 Ba62 Podymin 440h LP 12 Ba63 Tusznica 542f LpF 55* Ba62 Podymin 444f LpF 14 Ba62 Tusznica 518g LP 58 Ba62 Zalesie 490a LpF 16 Ba52 Myślibórz 260d LpF 59 Ba52 Podymin 384f LP 17 Ba52 Myślibórz 174f QrP 63 Ba52 Myślibórz 299i LpF 18* Ba52 Nowe Warpno 66j LP 64 Ba52 Myślibórz 257b LP 19 Ba52 Nowe Warpno 66h LP 65 Ba52 Myślibórz 293b LP 20 Ba52 Nowe Warpno 39g pine greenwood 66 Ba52 Mazańczyce 197c LP 21 Ba52 Nowe Warpno 23d LP 67* Ba73 Siedlice 827c LpF 22 Ba52 Nowe Warpno 23f QrP 68* Ba73 Siedlice 826d FQp 23 Ba52 Nowe Warpno 61ab BpQr 69 Ba73 Siedlice 807j LpF 24* Ba52 Pienice 89d LpF 71 Ba73 Siedlice 801g QrP 25 Ba52 Pienice 89c FQp 72* Ba63 Siedlice 801c FQp 26* Ba52 Pienice 86h FQp 77 Ba72 Tanowo 751m LP 27 Ba52 Pienice 119d LpF 78 Ba51 Podymin 342d LpF 28 Ba73 Tanowo 792n QrP 79 Ba62 Dobra 693d LpF 29 Ba63 Tusznica 565a QrP 81 Ba72 Tanowo 797a LP 30* Ba63 Tusznica 541c RnA 82 Ba52 Drogoradz 360c raised bog 35 Ba53 Mazańczyce 270g LpF 83 Ba42 Nowe Warpno 4d BpQr 36* Ba53 Mazańczyce 271d BpQr 84 Ba62 Zalesie 491d pine greenwood 37* Ba53 Mazańczyce 226d QrP 85 Ba63 Tanowo 720b pine greenwood 38* Ba53 Mazańczyce 226b RnA Threatened and protected macromycetes 233 ies in the M o s e r ’ s scale (1949), record date and a list of localities recorded between 2002 and 2005 preceded by their number in parentheses. The quantity is not given for species producing permanent fruit-bodies. The Latin plant nomenclature follows M i r e k et al. (2002) and that of communities follows M a t u s z k i e w i c z (2001). Abbreviations: Threat categories in Poland (W o j e w o d a , Ł a w r y n o w i c z 1992): PL Ex extinct, PL E endangered, PL V vulnerable, PL R rare, PL I indeterminate; §§ fully protected species, § partially protected species (Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 9th July 2004); RnA Ribeso nigri Alnetum, LP Leucobryo Pinetum, QrP Querco roboris Pinetum, BpQr Betulo pendulae Quercetum roboris, FQp Fago Quercetum petraeae, LpF Luzulo pilosae Fagetum; + 5 quantity range of fruit bodies according to M o s e r (1949); Jan. January, Aug. August, Sept. September, Oct. October, Nov. November, Dec. December; * permanent observation plot. ASCOMYCETES Helotiales Ascotremella faginea (Peck) Seaver - PL-V; on a fallen branch of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 1; July 2004; site (1): 69, (Fig. 2). Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.: Fr.) Fr. - PL-R; on logs and fallen branches of Quercus petraea and Q. robur; BpQr, QrP; 3; Oct. 2004, Nov. 2005; sites (2): 36*, 51. Chlorencoelia versiformis (Pers.: Fr.) Dixon - PL-I; on a log of Quercus robur; BpQr; 1; Oct. 2004; site (1): 83. BASIDIOMYCETES Dacrymycetales Calocera furcata (Batsch.: Fr.) Fr. - PL-I; on logs and fallen branches of Pinus syl- vestris; LP, QrP; 2-4; July-Nov. 2002-2005; sites (12): 7, 8, 9, 12, 19, 39, 40, 43, 53, 69, 84, 85. Tremellales Tremella foliacea Pers. - PL-I; on trunks and logs of Betula pendula; LP; +-1; July 2004, Oct. 2005; sites (3): 4*, 14, 64. Tremella globospora D. A. Reid - PL-I; on old stromata of pyrenomycetous fungi growing on woods; pine greenwood; 2; Oct. 2002; site (1): 8, (Fig. 3). Agaricales Amanita citrina var. alba (Gillet) Gilbert - PL-I; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; +-1; Oct. 2005; sites (2): 2*, 65. Amanita virosa (Fr.) Bertillon - PL-V; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1; Sept. 2003; site (1): 2*. 234 S. Friedrich Arrhenia retiruga (Bull.: Fr.) Redhead - PL-I; on Mnium hornum moss; RnA: 2.2; Nov. 2004; site (1): 38*, (Fig. 4). Arrhenia spathulata (Fr.: Fr.) Redhead - PL-I; on Tortula ruralis moss; roadside; Aug. 2004; site (1): near Karszno. Clitocybe candicans (Pers.: Fr.) P. Kumm. - PL-I; on the litter; RnA, QrP, FQp, LpF; 2.2; Sept.-Nov. 2003-2005; sites (4): 3, 24*, 29, 38*. Clitocybe hydrogramma (Bull.: Fr.) P. Kumm. - PL-R; on the broadleaved litter; LpF; Nov. 2004; site (1): 16. Coprinus picaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Gray - PL-V; on the ground; LpF; +-1; Sept.-Oct. 2004, 2005; sites (2): 16, 67*. Cortinarius armeniacus (Schaeff.: Fr.) Fr. - PL-I; on the ground; LP; 1; Sept. 2004; sites (2): 41, 81. Cortinarius orellanus Fr. - PL-I; on the ground; QrP; 1-2; July 2004; site (1): 17. Cystodermella granulosum (Batsch: Fr.) Harmaja - PL-R; on the ground; QrP, +-1; Sept.-Oct. 2004; sites (2): 17, 28. Entoloma juncinum (Kühner. & Romagn.) Noordel. - PL-I; on the litter; FQp; 1; July 2004; site (1): 25. Entoloma papillatum (Bres.) Dennis - PL-I; on the ground; QrP; 1; Oct. 2005; site (1): 51. Fayodia maura (Fr.) Singer - PL-I; on a charred branch of Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1; Oct. 2002; site (1): near 85. Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.): Fr. - PL-V, §§; on a trunk of Quercus robur; 1; Sept. 2005; site (1): near 45*. Galerina paludosa (Fr.) Kühn. - PL-I; among Sphagnum spp.; raised bog on Lake Piaszynko; 2; July 2004; site (1): 82. Galerina sphagnorum (Pers.: Fr) Kühner - PL-I; among Sphagnum spp.; raised bog on Lake Piaszynko; 2; July 2004; site (1): 82. Galerina triscopa (Fr.) Kühner - PL-I; on a log of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 1; Oct. 2004; site (1): 27. Gymnopus putillus (Fr.: Fr.) Antonín, Halling & Noordel. - PL-I; on the litter; QrP; 1; Aug. 2004, Sept. 2005; site (1): 22. Inocybe acuta Boud. - PL-R; on the ground; QrP; 1; July 2004; site (1): 43. Inocybe calospora Quél. - PL-R; on the ground; RnA; July 2004; site (1): 30*. Langermannia gigantea (Batsch: Pers.) Rostk. – §§; on the ground; July 2004, Sept. 2005; site (1): the Świdwie Ornithological Station, (Fig. 5). Lepiota tomentella J. E. Lange - PL-I; on the ground; LP; 1; Oct. 2003; site (1): 66. Lyophyllum palustris (Peck) Singer - PL-I; among Sphagnum spp.; raised bog on Lake Piaszynko; 2; Sept. 2004; site (1): 82. Macrolepiota procera (Scop.: Fr.) Singer - PL-I; on the ground; QrP, LpF, pine green- wood, roadside; +-1; Sept.-Nov. 2002-2005; sites (5): 5, near 6, 20, 51, 64. Macrolepiota rhacodes (Vittad.) Singer - PL-I; on the ground; QrP, forest roadside; 1; July 2004; sites (2): near 28, 71. Marasmiellus foetidus (Sowerby: Fr.) Antonín, Halling & Noordel. - PL-R; on fallen twigs of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 2; Nov. 2005; site (1): 42. Mycena adonis (Bull.: Fr.) Gray - PL-R; on the litter and on fallen twigs of Pinus sylvestris; LP; 2; Oct. 2004; site (1): 81. Threatened and protected macromycetes 235 Mycena atroalba (Bolt.: Fr.) Gillet - PL-R; on a log of Pinus sylvestris, 2; Sept. 2003; site (1): 28. Mycena belliae (Johnst.) P. D. Orton - PL-R; on culms of Phragmites australis; Phrag- mitetum australis; 2-3; Sept.-Nov. 1999-2004 (leg. K. Olszanowski); site (1): Lake Świdwie. Mycena crocata (Schrad.: Fr.) P. Kumm. - PL-R; on fallen twigs of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 2; Nov. 2005; sites (2): 58, 67*. Mycena olivaceomarginata (Massee) Massee - PL-R; on the coniferous litter; QrP; 2; Sept. 2004; site (1): 71. Mycena pelianthina (Fr.) Quél. - PL-I; on the broadleaved litter; LpF; 1-2; July 2004, Nov. 2005; sites (3): 24*, 45*, 63. Mycena purpureofusca (Peck) Sacc. - PL-V; on a stump of Pinus sylvestris; LpF; 2; Oct. 2004; site (1): 45*. Mycena septentrionalis Maas Geest. - PL-R; on the litter; LP; 1; Sept. 2004; site (1): 59. Mycena viridimarginata P. Karst. - PL-V; on a stump of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; July 2004; site (1): 44. Omphaliaster asterosporus (J. E. Lange) Lamoure - PL-E; on the litter among moss- es; LP; 1-2; Nov. 2005; sites (3): 7, 9, 64. Oudemansiella mucida (Schrad.: Fr.) Höhn. - PL-V; on trunks, logs and fallen branches of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 2-3; July-Nov. 2003-2005; sites (6): 24*, 35, 45*, 55*, 67*, 79, (Fig. 6). Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.: Fr.) P. Kumm. - PL-R; on stumps of Alnus glutinosa; RnA; 1; Nov. 2003; site (1): 30*. Pluteus atromarginatus (Singer) Kühner - PL-V; on stumps of Pinus sylvestris; LP; +- 1; July 2004, Sept.-Oct. 2005; sites (3): 37*, 50, 64. Psathyrella gracilis (Fr.: Fr.) Quél. - PL-I; on the ground; LpF; 1; Oct. 2003; site (1): 35. Psilocybe elongata (Pers.: Fr.) J. E. Lange - PL-V; among Sphagnum spp.; raised bog on Lake Piaszynko; 1; Oct. 2004; site (1): 82. Psilocybe polytrichi (Fr.: Fr.) Pears. & Dennis - PL-R; on the litter among mosses; LP; Oct. 2002, Nov. 2004, Sept. 2005; sites (4): 14, 19, 64, 77. Psilocybe uda (Pers.: Fr.) Gillet - PL-R; among Sphagnum spp.; raised bog on Lake Piaszynko; 2; Oct. 2005; site (1): 82. Rhodocollybia prolixa (Hornem.: Fr.) Antonín & Noordel. var. distorta (Fr.) An- tonín, Halling et Noordel. - PL-I; on the litter; LP, QrP; 1-2; Sept. 2004, Oct. 2005; sites (2): 21, 29. Tricholoma equestre (L.: Fr.) P. Kumm. ss. lato - PL-I; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP, pine greenwood; 1-2; Oct. 2003, Nov. 2005; sites (2): 2*, 66. Tricholoma pessundatum (Fr.: Fr.) Quél. - PL-I; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1; Sept. 2004; site (1): 77. Tricholoma sejunctum (Sowerby: Fr.) Quél. - PL-I; on the ground under Fagus syl- vatica and Quercus petraea; FQp; 1; Oct. 2005; site (1): 54. 236 S. Friedrich Boletales Boletus edulis Bull.: Fr. - PL-V; on the ground under: Fagus sylvatica, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur; QrP, LpF, July, Oct. 2004, 2005; +-1; sites (4): 5, 51, 55*, 58. Boletus pinophilus Pilát & Dermek – PL-I; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; +-1; July 2004, Sept. 2005; site (1): 18*. Boletus suspectus Krombh. - PL-E; on the ground under Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 1; Nov. 2005; site (1): 24*. Gomphidius roseus (Fr.) Fr. - PL-R; on the ground; LP; +: Oct. 2004, 2005; sites (2): 7, 64, (Fig. 7). Gyrodon lividus (Bull.: Fr.) Sacc. - PL-R; on the ground; RnA; 1; July 2004; site (1): 38*, (Fig. 8). Cantharellales Cantharellus cibarius Fr. - PL-I; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1-2; July- Oct. 2003-2005; sites (5): 2*, 19, 41, 66, 77. Clavulina rugosa (Bull.: Fr.) J. Schröt. - PL-R; on the ground; LP, pine greenwood; 1-2; Sept. 2004; sites (2): 8, 19. Hymenochaetales Inonotus obliquus (Pers.: Fr.) Pilát - PL-R, §; on a trunk of Betula pendula; LP; Jan.- Dec. 2004-2005; sites (2): 10, 18*. Phallales Clavariadelphus fistulosus (Holmsk.: Fr.) Corner - PL-R; on fallen twigs of Betula pendula; LP; 1-2; Oct. 2002; sites (2): 2*, 4*, (Fig. 9). Geastrum fimbriatum Fr. - PL-R, §§; on the ground; FQp; 2; July 2004; site (1): 68*. Geastrum rufescens Pers.: Pers. - PL-E, §§; on the ground; FQp; 1; Oct. 2003; site (1): 26*. Phallus duplicatus Bosc - PL-E; on the ground; LpF; +; July 2004; site (1): 55*. Polyporales Datronia mollis (Sommerf.: Fr.) Donk - PL-I; on stumps and logs of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; Jan.-Dec. 2004-2005; sites (3): 11, 16, 45*. Ganoderma lucidum (M. A. Curtis: Fr.) P. Karst. - PL-R, §§; on a stump of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; Sept. 2004; site (1): 24*. Ischnoderma benzoinum (Wahlenb.: Fr.) P. Karst. - PL-R; on a log of Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1; Sept. 2003, Oct. 2005; site (1): 2*. Ischnoderma resinosum (Fr.) P. Karst. - PL-V; on a log of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; 2; Oct. 2005; site (1): 45*, (Fig. 10). Threatened and protected macromycetes 237 Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.: Fr.) Fr. - PL-I; on a log of Alnus glutinosa and on a fallen branch of Betula pendula; RnA, BpQr; 1-2; Sept. 2003, Oct. 2005; sites (2): 23, 38*. Meripilus giganteus (Pers.: Fr.) P. Karst. – §§; at the bases of stumps and living trunks of Fagus sylvatica; LpF, FQp; July-Aug. 2004, 2005; sites (7): 35, 45*, 58, 63, 67*, 72*, 78, (Fig. 11). Oligoporus ptychogaster (Ludwig) R. & O. Falck – PL-R; on a log and on the conifer- ous litter of Pinus sylvestris; LP; 2; Sept. 2004; sites (2): 2*, 64, (Fig. 12). Phaeolus schweinitzii (Fr.: Fr.) Pat. - PL-R; on trunks of Pinus sylvestris; LP, QrP; Nov. 2004; sites (2): 21, 37*. Pycnoporus cinnabarinus (Jacq.: Fr.) P. Karst. - PL-R; on logs and fallen branches of Betula pendula and Fagus sylvatica; LP, FQp; Jan.-Dec. 2002-2004; sites (4): 25, 41, 50, 66, (Fig. 13). Sparassis brevipes Krombh. - PL-V, §§; on a fallen branch of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; +; Nov. 2005; site (1): 24*, (Fig. 14). Sparassis crispa (Wulf.): Fr. - PL-R, §§; on roots of Pinus sylvestris; LP, QrP; +-1; Sept.-Oct. 2003-2005; sites (6): 1, 9, 22, 37*, 51, 77, 83. Russulales Hericium coralloides (Scop.: Fr.) Pers. - PL-V, §§; on logs of Fagus sylvatica; LpF; +- 1; Sept.- Oct. 2005; sites (3): 16, 67*, 79 (Fig. 15). Lactarius chrysorrheus Fr. - PL-R; on the ground under Quercus petraea and Q. robur; FQp, QrP; 1-2; Sept.-Oct. 2004, Oct. 2005; sites (3): 25, 52, 68*. Lactarius deliciosus (L.: Fr.) Gray - PL-V; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1-2; Oct. 2004, Sept. 2005; site (1): 21. Russula alutacea (Pers.: Fr.) Fr. – PL-I; on the ground under Fagus sylvatica; LpF, QrP; +-1; Oct. 2003, Sept. 2004; sites (3): 11, 52, 69. Russula coerulea (Pers.) Fr. - PL-Ex; on the ground under Pinus sylvestris; LP; 1; Oct. 2004; site (1): 65. Russula olivacea (Schaeff.) Fr. - PL-R; on the ground under Fagus sylvatica; LpF, FQp; 1-2; Oct. 2003, Sept. 2004, Oct. 2005; sites (3): 27, 72*, 79. Stereum subtomenosum Pouzar - PL-R; on logs of Quercus petraea and Fagus syl- vatica; LpF, FQp; Jan.-Dec. 2004-2005; sites (3): 35, 44, 68*. Thelephorales Phellodon tomentosus (L.: Fr.) Banker - PL-V; on the ground in the litter; LP; 1; Oct. 2003; site (1): 19. Sarcodon imbricatus (L.: Fr.) P. Karst. - PL-V, §§; on the ground; LP; 1; Oct. 2004; site (1): 2*. Thelephora caryophyllea (Schaeff.): Fr. - PL-R; on the ground; LP; 1; Sept. 2004; site (1): 19. 238 S. Friedrich CONCLUSIONS As many as 50 species of the threatened and protected taxa are very rare and occur only at 1 locality in the Wkrzańska Forest. Twenty-six species were recorded at 2-3 localities, 6 species – at 4-5 localities, and 3 species – at 6-7 localities (Sparassis crispa, Oudemansiella mucida, Meripilus giganteus). Among the taxa studied, Calocera furcata, recorded at 12 localities, is the most common one in the Wkrzańska Forest. Species previously not reported from Pomerania occur in the Wkrzańska Forest. These are for instance: Arrhenia retiruga, A. spathulata, Ascotremella faginea, Ischno- derma benzoinum, I. resinosum, Omphaliaster asterosporus, Phallus duplicatus, Spar- assis brevipes, Tremella globospora. Species very rare in Poland, including taxa previ- ously known from 1-3 localities in Poland, occur in the studied mycobiota. These are: Phallus duplicatus, known only from 1 site, Arrhenia retiruga, known from 2 localities, and Ascotremella faginea, Russula coerulea and Tremella globospora, known from 3 localities. It should be stressed that the two former species were previously recorded 70-90 years ago. It should be noticed that many species of macromycetes rare in Poland, occurring at a few localities, are frequent or even common in Germany, especially in its south- ern part (Wo j e w o d a 2003; K r e i s e l 1987; K r i e g l s t e i n e r G . J . 1991). Phallus duplicatus, whose locality in the Wkrzańska Forest is the second site in Poland, is the best example. The taxon occurs at ca. 50 localities in Germany, including the Lands adjacent to the study area (Meklenburg – Western Pomerania, Brandenburg). Other species in this group include: Boletus suspectus, Entoloma papillatum, Inocybe acuta, Ischnoderma resinosum, Marasmiellus foetidus, Russula coerulea and Sparassis brevipes. As Russula coerulea is recorded at the fourth locality in Poland, the species should be reclassified from extinct (Ex) to endangered (E), as suggested by Wo- jewoda (2003). 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H a n s e n L., K n u d s e n H. 1992 (eds). Nordic Macromycetes. 2. Polyporales, Boletales, Agaricales, Russulales. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen. H a n s e n L., K n u d s e n H. 1997. (eds). Nordic Macromycetes. 3. Heterobasidioid, Aphyllophoroid and Gasteromycetoid. Basidiomycetes. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen. H a n s e n L., K n u d s e n H. 2000. (eds). Nordic Macromycetes. 1. Ascomycetes. Nordsvamp, Copenha gen. K i r k M . P. , C a n n o n P. F. , D a v i d J . C., S t a l p e r s J . A . 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi. Ed. 9th. CAB International, Wallingford. K o n d r a c k i J . 1998. Geografia regionalna Polski. PWN, Warszawa. K r e i s e l H. 1987. Pilzflora der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. Basidiomycetes (Gallert , Hut und Bauchpilze). VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena. K r i e g l s t e i n e r G . J . 1991. Verbreitungsatlas der Groβpilze Deutschlands (West). Band 1: Ständer pilze. Teil A: Nichtblätterpilze, Teil B: Blätterpilze. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart. 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Checklist of Polish larger Basidiomycetes. (In:) Z. M i r e k (ed.). Biodiversity of Poland. 7. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków. Z a r ę b a R. 1986. Puszcze, bory i lasy Polski. PWRiL, Warszawa. Zagrożone i chronione macromycetes Puszczy Wkrzańskiej S t r e s z c z e n i e W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę występowania wybranych taksonów grzybów wiel koowocnikowych Puszczy Wkrzańskiej. Jest to część wyników systematycznych badań miko socjologicznych prowadzonych na 21 stałych i 64 sporadycznych powierzchniach obserwacyj nych, w latach 2002 2005. W wyniku tych badań stwierdzono 460 gatunków macromycetes, spośród których w niniejszej pracy zaprezentowano 86 gatunków. Są to taksony znajdujące się na Czerwonej Liście grzybów zagrożonych w Polsce (84 gatunki) oraz grzyby chronione w Polsce (11 gatunków). Charakterystyka poszczególnych gatunków obejmuje: kategorię za grożenia i formę ochrony, podłoże, na którym rozwijały się owocniki, zbiorowisko roślinne, ilościowość wytwarzania owocników, okres występowania owocników oraz liczbę i wykaz sta nowisk. 2014-01-01T11:44:24+0100 Polish Botanical Society