Microfungi of Carpinus betulus from Poland I. Annotated list of microfungi ANDRZEJ CHLEBICKI1 and MARIA A. CHMIEL2 1Department of Mycology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences Lubicz 46, PL 31 512 Kraków, ibchlebicki@ib pan.krakow.pl 2Department of Botany and Mycology, Maria Curie Skłodowska University Akademicka 19, PL 20 033 Lublin C h l e b i c k i A., C h m i e l M. A.: Microfungi of Carpinus betulus from Poland. I. Annotated list of microfungi. Acta Mycol. 41 (2): 253 278, 2006. The compiled microfungi list comprises 115 taxons noted in Poland, of them, 28 parasitic. 10 species of microfungi were host specialized (exclusive, or partially exclusive for hornbeam). Key words: hornbeam fungi, list of species, mycogeography, Poland INTRODUCTION The majority of hornbeam species was reported from Eastern Asia. Thus the dis- tribution centrum of the genus Carpinus L. is located in Central China (B o r a t y ń s k a 1993; C h e n et al. 1999). It is difficult to establish a precise number of all hornbeam species. Until recently over 80 separated species have been reported. According to B o r a t y ń s k a (1993) only 21 species can be referred to the genus. The residual taxa are questionable. At present from Europe are known two species: Carpinus betulus L. and C. orientalis Mill. The hornbeam species are distributed in three regions of the Northern Hemisphaere: North America (1 species), Europe and Asia Minor (2 species) and Eastern Asia (18 species). The genus Carpinus supports many micro- fungi, some of them are confined to the genus or related genera. There are some articles devoted fungi on Carpinus betulus e.g. Fa k i r o v a (1993), and two other hornbeam species such as C. virginiana (Marshall) Sudw. (Fa r r et al. 1989; B i l l s , P o l i s h o o k 1991) and C. cordata Blume (Va s i l y e v a 1998). These plants are par- tially representative for the three mentioned disjunctive regions. However mycologi- cal research of the most interesting region in Central China is largely neglected. We found only single report of Melampsoridium carpini (Nees) Dietel on Carpinus farge- siana H. Winkler from Sichuan in China (Z h a n g et al. 1997). Finds on Carpinus cordata from Russian Far East (Va s i l y e v a 1998) showed that we can expect much more exclusive species of microfungi from this region. Microfungi noted on Carpi- ACTA MYCOLOGICA Vol. 41 (2): 253-278 2006 Dedicated to Professor Alina Skirgiełło on the occasion of her ninety fifth birthday 254 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel nus virginiana and C. cordata have only little biogeographical significance, because of fragmentary knowledge of their spatial distribution pattern. Mycological data of the hornbeam tree in Polish territoty are fragmentary. Wo - j e w o d a (2003) noted 129 macromycetes collected by various authors on the host plant, among them 27 parasitic fungi and 102 species of saprotrophs. Under the tree has been noted 82 species of fungi growing in the soil (Wo j e w o d a 2003). Microfungi are insuficiently investigated. Only Białowieża N. P. and Kampinos N. P. are more detaily studied. Other areas posses mostly scarcely data. The listed below microfungi have been collected by many mycologists. In Poland these fungi were collected by S c h r o e t e r (1908), E i c h l e r (1902, 1904, 1907), R o u p p e r t (1909), N a m y s ł o w s k i (1909), S t e c k i (1910), Wa ś n i e w s k i (1911), S i e m a s z - k o (1923), Tr z e b i ń s k i e t a l . (1916), Wr ó b l e w s k i (1918, 1925), D o m i n i k (1936), S k i r g i e ł ł o (1960), Tr u s z k o w s k a (1959, 1960, 1965), G o ł ą b (1978), B o r o w s k a (1966, 1986, 1987, 1989), S a ł a t a (1972, 1975), We b e r - C z e r w i ń s k a (1974), Tr u s z k o w s k a & C h l e b i c k i (1983), C h l e b i c k i (1986, 1991, 2002, 2005a, 2005b, 2006), M u ł e n k o (1996), B u j a k i e w i c z et al. (1997), M a ń k a et al. (2002) and P i ą t e k (2004). The compiled list of microfungi comprises 115 taxons, of them, 28 parasitic spe- cies. 10 species of microfungi were host specialized (exclusive species, or partially exclusive species for hornbeam). Gnomoniae fimbriata (Pers.) Fuckel appear the most common hornbeam ascomycete in Poland. There are also collected very rare species such as Camarops plana Pouzar, Camarops polysperma (Mont.) J. H. Mill., Lasiosphaeria hirsuta (Fr.) Ces. et De Not., Lophiostoma curreyi Sacc., Nemania atropurpurea (Fr.) Pouzar, Oidium carpini Foitzik and others. Presence of follow- ing exclusive species was noted in Polish territory: Camarops plana, Diaporthe car- pini (Pers.) Fuckel, Encoelia carpini (Rehm) Boud., Gnomonia fimbriata, Massaria carpinicola Tul. et C. Tul., Melampsoridium carpini, Melanconis spodiaea Tul. et C. Tul., Oidium carpini, Pezicula carpinea (Pers.) Tul. ex Fuckel and Phyllosticta carpini Schulzer et Sacc. LIST OF SPECIES Abbreviations: coll. collected; distr. district; var. variety; subsp. subspecies; N. P. National Park; R.P. Regional Park; unpubl. unpublished; synonymes and doubtful taxa are designated by italic letters; parasitic species are marked by ♦. Alysidium resinae (Fr.) M. B. Ellis, anamorphic fungus, Botryobasidium, Basidi- omycetes. LOCALITY: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpine- tum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur (B o r o w s k a l. c.). ♦ Apiosporopsis carpinea (Fr.) Traverso, syn.: Sphaerognomonia carpinea (Fr.) Potiebnia, Sphaeria carpinea Fr.: Fr., Laestadia carpinea (Fr.: Fr.) Sacc. Guignardia carpinea (Fr.) J. Schroet., Gnomoniella carpinea (Fr.) Monod, anamorph: Monos- tichella robergei (Desm.) Hoehn., Diaporthales. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 255 LOCALITIES: teleomorph: Zielona Góra, Wołów, Trzebnica, Wrocław (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Kampinos N. P., Dębina reserve (B o r o w s k a 1966), Białowieża N. P. (C h l e - b i c k i et al. 1996); anamorph: Białowieża N. P. (M u ł e n k o 1996). HOST: on living leaves (teleomorph on overwintered leaves) of Acer, Alnus, Betula, Carpinus betulus, C. caroliniana, Castanea, Corylus and Ostrya and Quercus (C o n n e r s 1967; B a r r 1978; Fa r r et al. 1989). The species was noted in Europe and North America (C o n n e r s l. c.; Fa r r et al. l. c.; Fa k i r o v a 1993). Barrmaelia oxyacanthae (Mont.) Rappaz, syn.: Anthostomella melanotes (Berk. et Br.) P. M. D. Martin, Xylariales. LOCALITY: Lower Silesia, Środa Śląska near Wrocław (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: on dead wood of Ribes petreum, Populus tremula, Carpinus betulus (S c h r o e t e r l. c.), Salix cinerea (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). Earlier its localities were referred to Anthostomella melanotes (Berk. et Br.) P. M. D. Martin. Bertia moriformis (Tode) De Not., Sordariales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on decorticated wood of stumps and branches of Alnus, Fagus, Picea, Tilia, Acer and Pinus (C h l e - b i c k i 1991; B u j a k i e w i c z et al. 1997). Both varieties of the species: Bertia mori- formis var moriformis as well as B. moriformis var. latispora were found on hornbeam wood in Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i l. c.). Biscogniauxia repanda (Fr.) Kuntze, Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Byk near Międzyrzec, on Carpinus betulus (E i c h l e r 1907). HOST: on dead branches of Sorbus aucuparia, Sorbus aria (P o u z a r 1986a). C h l e b i c k i and B u j a k i e w i c z (1994) and C h l e b i c k i (2005b) cited some finds from Poland on Sorbus aucuparia. G r a n m o et al. (1989) cited also Betula, Prunus, Malus, Quercus, Alnus and Tilia as rare host plants. P o u z a r (l. c.) considered Sorbus aucuparia as the most important host. J u et al. (1998) mentioned two finds from Ussuriysky reserve on Malus mandshurica, however, Va s i l y e v a (1998) described it as separate taxon, Biscogniauxia mandshurica which differs from B. repanda by narrower ascospores and umbilicate ostioles. E i c h l e r (l. c.) reported the species as Nummularia repanda (Fr.) Nitschke with ascospores 10-12 x 5-6 um. (B. repanda: 10-15 x 4-6 um; B. num- mularia: 10-16 x 6-10 um). Va s i l y e v a (1988) noted related species Biscogniauxia succenturiata (Tode: Fr.) O. Kuntze on Carpinus cordata from Russian Far East. J u et al. (l. c.) revised the type material of Sphaeria succenturiata Tode from UPS and considered that it is Lopadostoma gastrinum, but the descriptions of Persoon, Fries and Nitschke suggest a Biscogniauxia taxon. B. repanda is known from Europe, Asia and North America (G r a n m o et al. 1989; J u et al. l. c.; Va s i l y e v a l. c.). Bispora betulina (Corda) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Asco- mycetes. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpi- netum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur, Betula pendula, Tilia cor- data (B o r o w s k a 1987), Carpinus betulus, Betula pendula, Fagus orientalis, Pyrus sp., Populus sp., Quercus sp. (M e l n i k 2000). It is common species, known from Europe and North America (E l l i s 1971). 256 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel Bolinia tubulina Sacc. Camarops tubulina. Note of this species (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965) refers to Camarops polysperma. Brachysporium nigrum (Link) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, As- comycetes. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpine- tum (B o r o w s k a 1987); Jura Krakowska, Prądnik (S c h e u e r , C h l e b i c k i 1997). HOST: on rotting wood of Carpinus betulus (Belorussia), Betula, Corylus, Populus tremula (M e l n i k 2000). Cacumisporium capitulatum (Corda) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, incerte sedis. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus. Camarops tubulina (Alb. et Schw.: Fr.) Shear, Xylariales. The material from Białowieża N. P. reported as Bolinia tubulina Sacc. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965) is erro- neously determined and in fact belongs to Camarps polysperma (N a n n f e l d t 1972). Camarops tubulina was noted only on wood of Picea abies, Abies alba (N a n n f e l d t l. c.; H i l b e r , H i l b e r 1980) and occasionally on Fagus sylvatica (H o l e c 2005). Camarops plana Pouzar, Boliniales, Ascomycetes (Fig. 1). LOCALITY: Poland: Białowieża N. P., Tilio-Carpinetum, on trunk of Carpinus betu- lus, lying in ditch, August 1961, coll.: W. Truszkowska. HOST: on dead wood of trunk of Carpinus betulus (P o u z a r 1986). The species has been described by P o u z a r (1986b) on the basis of material from Slovakia. Tr u s z k o w s k a (1965) reported the species from Białowieża N. P. as Camarops tubulina (Alb. Et Schwein.) Shear, see C h l e b i c k i (2006). Fig. 1. Section of stroma of Camarops plana Pouzar; according to drawing of Ewa Szumińska. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 257 Camarops polysperma (Mont.) J. H. Mill., Boliniales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: noted on dead bran- ches and trunks of Alnus glutinosa, A. incana, Acer sp., Fagus sylvatica, Carpinus be- tulus (N a n n f e l d t 1972), Citrus sp., Magnolis sp., Quercus sp., Scordophloeus zen- keri (H i l b e r , H i l b e r 1980), and Fraxinus excelsior (C h l e b i c k i unpubl. data). It is a rare species, restricted to the old forests in North Poland and Carpathians (C h l e b i c k i , B u j a k i e w i c z 1994), known from Northern Hemisphere (Fa r r et al. 1989), Argentina (M e r c u r i 1972), Europe, North America, Southern America, Africa (H i l b e r , H i l b e r l. c.) and East China (A b e , L i u 1995). Some other species of the genus Camarops have been noted on hornbeam. Camarops pugillus (Schw.: Fr.) Shear was noted in Czech and Sweden (L u n d q v i s t 1987) as well in Austria (S c h e u e r 1997). Camarops microspora (P. Karst.) Shear, mostly noted on Alnus, was noted on hornbeam branches in Czech (P o u z a r 1986b) and Germany (N a n n f e l d t l. c.). Cenangium carpini Rehm Encoelia carpini. Ceratostomella ampullasca (Cooke) Sacc. Endoxyla cirrhosa. Chaetopsis grisea (Ehrenb.) Sacc., anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Ascomy- cetes. LOCALITIES: Dębina reserve, Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1966), Białowieża N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: noted on dead bark and wood, rarely on old leaves of Acer, Alnus, Carpinus betulus, Fagus, Laurus, Quercus, Salix, Ulmus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). It is species known from Europe. Chaetosphaeria ovoidea (Fr.) Constant., K. Holm et L. Holm, syn.: Chaetosphaeria glauca Hol.-Jech., anamorph: Menispora glauca Pers., Trichosphaeriales. LOCALITIES: anamorph is a common fungus in all parts of Poland (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: noted on bark and wood of Acer, Carpinus betulus, Betula, Quercus, Fagus, Populus (in Poland). Teleomorph was found on wood of Fagus sylvatica and Quercus sp. in Czech Republic and on Populus tremula in Lithuania (Tr e i g i e n ë , M a r k o v s k a y a 2003). Chaetosphaeria inaequalis (Grove ex Berl. et Voglino) W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., anamorph: Gonytrichum caesium C. G. Nees et T. F. L. Nees var. caesium, Trichos- phaeriales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., mostly noted on Carpinus betulus and Quercus sp. (B o r o w s k a 1986), known from Europe and North America (B o r o w s k a l. c.). HOST: on dead wood and bark of Abies, Acer, Alnus, Betula, Buxus, Carpinus betulus, Corylus, Robinia, Salix, Taxus, Ulmus, Ilex. Chaetosphaeria innumera Berk. et Broome ex Tul. et C. Tul., anamorph: Chlori- dium botryoideum (Corda) S. Hughes var. botryoideum, Trichosphaeriales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on bark of dead plant of Carpinus betulus, Fagus, Alnus, Betula, Quercus, Salix, Sorbus, Ulmus, Tilia (B o r o w - s k a l. c.). The species was noted in Germany, Sweden, Hungary, Great Britain and Canada (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Chaetospheria lentomita W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., anamorph: Chloridium pachytra- chelum W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., Trichosphaeriales. 258 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel LOCALITY: Świętokrzyski N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead wood of.Fagus, Carpinus, Quercus, Pinus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa (Fr.) C. Booth, anamorph: Chloridium clavaeforme (Preuss) W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., Trichosphaeriales. LOCALITIES: anamorph: common in all part of Poland, Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko. Tilio-Carpinetum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Querce- tum (B o r o w s k a 1986, 1987); teleomorph: Jura Krakowska, Prądnik (S c h e u e r , C h l e b i c k i 1997). HOST: on rotting wood of various trees also on Carpinus betu- lus (D e n n i s 1968). Anamorph has been noted on Acer, Alnus, Amygdalus, Betula, Carpinus, Castanea, Cedrus, Corylus, Crataegus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Pinus, Sambucus, Sorbus, Quercus and Ulmus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). The species is known from Europe, North America, Asia and New Zeland (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Chaetosphaeria preussii W. Gams et Hol. -Jech., anamorph: Chloridium preussii W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., Trichosphaeriales. LOCALITIES: anamorph: Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1987), known also from Eu- rope and Canada (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead wood of Acer, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus, Quercus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Chalara breviclavata Nag Raj et W. B. Kendr., anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P., Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead wood of Betula, Carpinus betulus, Quercus and Tilia (B o r o w s k a l. c.), Fraxinus (N a g R a j , K e n d r i c k 1975). The species is known from Europe and Canada (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Chalara cylindrosperma (Corda) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead stems and fruits of Aconitum, Aesculus, Agathis, Betula, Fagus, Gleditschia, Ilex, Picea, Pinus, Podo- carpus, Tilia, Carpinus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). The species was noted in Europe, Canada, India and New Zeland (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Chalara insignis (Sacc., M. Rousseau. et E. Bommer) S. Hughes, Hyphomycetes. LOCALITIES: Warsaw (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead wood and bark of Corylus, Picea, Carpinus, Poria and Quercus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). It was earlier reported from Great Britain and Canada. Chloridium clavaeforme vide teleomorph Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa. Chloridium preussii W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., vide teleomorph Chaetosphaeria preussii. Cheirospora botryospora S. Hughes, syn.: Thyrsidium botryosporum Sacc., anamor- phic fungus, Ascomycetes. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: plurivorous species, reported on dead twigs of Cornus alba, Hedera helix, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus robur in U. K., Austria and U.S.A. (S u t t o n 1980), Alnus glutinosa and Betula pubescens ssp. carpatica in Poland (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), on Carpinus orientalis in Cauca- sus, Georgia (M e l n i k 2000) and Carpinus betulus in Lithuania (I g n a t a v i c i û t ë , Tr e i g i e n ë 1998). Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 259 Chloridium virescens var. caudigerum (Höhn.) W. Gams et Hol. Jech., syn.: Cir- rhomyces caudigerus Höhn., anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Chaetosphaeria, Sorda- riales. LOCALITIES: B o r o w s k a (1986) mentioned this species on wood of hornbeam from Poland. It occurs in Europe, North America, Africa and Sri Lanka (B o r o w s - k a l. c.). HOST: on dead wood of Acer, Alnus, Betula, Carpinus betulus, Fagus, Picea, Quercus, Populus. Chloridium virescens var. chlamydosporum (J. F. H. Beyma) W. Gams et Hol. Jech., anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Chaetosphaeria, Sordariales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpine- tum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead bark and wood and overwintered leaves of Aesculus, Alnus, Carpinus, Cedrus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Populus, Quercus, Salix, Sorbus, Spirea, dead rots of Picea and Caragana, dead stems of Urtica and Juncus (B o r o w s k a 1986). It is the most common species of Chlo- ridium in Poland (B o r o w s k a l. c.). The species was noted in Europe, Asia, North America, Africa, Australia and New Guinea (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen) G. A. De Vries, anamorphic fungus, tele- omorph: Mycosphaerella, Mycosphaerellales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: It is cosmopolitan species, known on dead wood of vide variety of plants. Coniochaeta ligniaria (Grev.) Massee, Sordariales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965), known from Europe (A r x , M ü l l e r 1954), temperate northern hemisphere (Fa r r et al. 1989). HOST: on cor- ticated and decorticated branches as well as on herbaceous stems of Abies, Acer, Alnus, Ceanothus, Cercocarpus, Crataegus, Larix, Oplopanax, Ostrya, Physocarpus, Pinus, Populus, Sambucus, Tsuga (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Cordana pauciseptata Preuss, anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of decorticated twigs of Alnus incana, Carpinus betulus (in Lithuania), Fagus orien- talis, Rosa spp., Populus sp. (M e l n i k 2000). B o r o w s k a (l. c.) noted it on Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur and Betula pendula in Poland. ♦ Cryphonectria gyrosa (Berk. Et Broome) Sacc. et D. Sacc, syn.: Endothia gyrosa (Schwein.: Fr.) Fr., Diaporthales. LOCALITY: Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983). HOST: on twigs of Acer, Castanea, Corylus, Fagus, Ilex, Liquidambar, Quercus, Ulmus, Vitis (Fa r r et al. 1989). It was reported from North America and Australia (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Cryptosporella aurea Fuckel Melanconis xanthostroma. Cryptosporiopsis fasciculata vide teleomorph: Pezicula carpinea. ♦ Cylindrocarpon magnusianum (Sacc.) Wollenw, teleomorph: Nectria, Sordari- ales. LOCALITY: Wronczyn near Poznań (M a ń k a et al. 2002). HOST: on living roots of Carpinus betulus. 260 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel Cylindrotrichum oligospermum (Corda) Bonord., anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Chaetosphaeria, Sordariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead wood and stems of Betula, Carpinus, Ulmus, Umbelliferae (B o r o w s k a l. c.). It is the most common species of Cylindrotrichum. ?Cytospora decipiens Sacc. (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983), it is probably Cytospora leucosperma (Pers.) Fr. Cytospora decorticans Sacc., Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959). Dasyscyphus fuscescens (Pers.) Gray Lachnum fuscescens var. fuscescens. Diaporthe betuli (Pers.) Winter Diaporthe carpini. ♦ Diaporthe carpini (Pers.) Fuckel, syn.: Diaporthe betuli (Pers.) Winter, an- amorph: Discosporina deplanata (Höhn.) Höhn., Diaporthales. LOCALITIES: Zielona Góra, Legnica, Wrocław, Niemcza, Wałbrzych (S c h r o - e t e r 1908), Warszawa (K o c h m a n 1964), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965), Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983). HOST: on senescent twigs of Carpinus betulus (M u n k 1957), rarely Corylus avellana (We h m e y e r 1933) and C. mandshurica (Va s i l y e v a 1998). It was noted in Europe (Fa k i r o v a 1993) and Russian Far East (Va s i l y e v a 1989). ♦ Diaporthe eres Nitschke syn.: Diaporthe sordida Nitschke, Diaporthales. LOCALITY: Zielona Góra (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: on senescent and dead twigs and branches, plurivorous species, noted on 65 host plant species (We h m e y e r 1933; Fa r r et al. 1989) from temperate areas of northern hemisphaere. Diaporthe bitorulosa (Berk. et Broome) Sacc. Wusteneia xanthostroma. Diaporthe hyperopta Nitschke f. major Wehm. Melanconis chrysostroma. Diaporthe sordida Nitschke = Diaporthe eres. ♦ Diatrype decorticata (Pers.) Rappaz, Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Puszcza Augustowska Forest, Choszczewo (C h l e b i c k i unpubl. data). The species was noted in Europe (R a p p a z 1987). HOST: on dead twigs of Carpinus, Fagus, Tilia, Crataegus, Prunus, Sali (R a p p a z l. c.). Diatrype flavovirens (Pers.) Fr., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907), Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Puszcza Augustowska Forest, Dworczysko, near Czarna Hańcza river (C h l e - b i c k i , unpubl. data). The species was reported from Europe, North America, Af- rica, Asia (R a p p a z 1987). HOST: on dead twigs and branches of Carpinus, Prunus spinosa, Sambucus callicarpa, S. racemosa, Acer pseudoplatanus, Quercus pubescens, Hedera helix, Viburnum opulus, Cornus sp., Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Cydonia vulgaris, Prunus armeniaca, Salix sp. and Tilia sp. (R a p p a z l. c.). ♦ Diatrype stigma (Hoffm.) Fr., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Chirkowa near Świecie (H e n n i n g s 1892), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z - k o w s k a 1959, 1965, C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Puszcza Borecka Forest, Boczki Re- serve (C h l e b i c k i , K r z y ż a n o w s k a 1995), Puszcza Augustowska Forest, Cz- erwone Bagno Reserve, Bagno Ławki (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on dead twigs and branches of Quercus, Rosaceae, Betulaceae (R a p p a z 1987), Quercus Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 261 acutissima (A b e 1986). It is known from Europe and North America (R a p p a z l. c.; Fa k i r o v a 1993) and Japan (A b e 1986). ♦ Diatrype subaffixa var. rappazii Chleb., Xylariales (Fig. 2). LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P., Puszcza Romincka Forest, Boczki reserve Puszcza Borecka Forest, Czerwony Dwór (C h l e b i c k i , K r z y ż a n o w s k a 1995; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996; C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on dead wigs and branches of Carpinus betulus (C h l e b i c k i , K r z y ż a n o w s k a l. c.). Diatrype subaffixa (Schwin.) Cooke is known from type locality in New Jersey (USA) on Rosaceae (R a p p a z 1987; C h l e - b i c k i , K r z y ż a n o w s k a l. c.). Fig. 2. Section of stroma of Diatrype subaffixa var. rappazii Chlebicki: A pulvinate stroma KRAMF41521; B undulate stroma KRAMF41577; C ascospores, some with budding apex. 262 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel ♦ Diatrypella favacea (Fr.) Ces. et De Not., syn.: D. verrucaeformis (Fr.) Nitschke, Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959, 1965; C h l e b i c k i 1986; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Pusz- cza Romincka Forest, Boczki reserve (C h l e b i c k i 2005a). HOST: on senescent twigs and branches of Alnus, Betula, Corylus, Carpinus (C r o x a l l 1950; C h l e b i c k i l. c.). C r o x a l l (1950) and C h l e b i c k i (l. c.) considered D. verrucaeformis as synonyme of D. favacea. Discosporina deplanata (Höhn.) Höhn., vide teleomorph: Diaporthe carpini. Enchnoa infernalis (Kunze) Fuckel, Sordariales. LOCALITY: Lower Silesia, Świdnica (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: on dead twigs and branches of Quercus (M u n k 1957; D e n n i s 1968), Carpinus betulus (S c h r o e t e r l. c.), Salix caprea, S. myrsinifolia (M a t h i a s s e n 1993). The fungus was reported from Great Britain (D e n n i s l. c.), Danmark (M u n k l. c.), Norway (M a t h i a s s e n 1989, l. c.) and Sweden (E r i k s s o n 1992). Similar species, Enchnoa subcorticalis (Peck) Barr was noted on branches of Carpinus caroliniana (Fa r r et al. 1989). ♦ Encoelia carpini (Rehm) Boud., syn.: Cenangium carpini Rehm, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1902), Białowieża N. P. (A n o n i m 1968; K o - t l a b a , L a z e b n i č e k 1967). HOST: on senescent twigs of Carpinus betulus. Related species, Encoelia furfuracea (Roth ex Pers.) P. Karst. inhabit genera from Botyloi- deae and Coryloideae: Alnus and Corylus in Great Britain (D e n n i s 1968). K u t o r g a (1989) found E. furfuracea on decorticated wood and bark of Alnus in Lithuania. These relationships can indicate that fungi from the genus Encoelia coevolved with various genera of Betulaceae from Tertiary. Endothia gyrosa (Schwein.: Fr.) Fr. Cryphonectria gyrosa. Endoxyla cirrhosa (Pers.) E. Müll. et Arx, syn.: Ceratostomella ampullasca (Cooke) Sacc., Xylariales. LOCALITY: Jura Krakowska, Prądnik (S c h e u e r , C h l e b i c k i 1997). HOST: not- ed on rotting wood of Acer, Carpinus betulus, Quercus (D e n n i s 1968; S c h e u e r , C h l e b i c k i l. c.). Eutypa lata (Pers.) Tul. et C. Tul., Diatrypales, noted on decorticated wood. LOCALITIES: Puszcza Romincka Forest, Boczki reserve (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data), noted also on Acer platanoides, near Hańcza lake. HOST: it is plurivorous and common species (R a p p a z 1987). Eutypa lejoplaca (Fr.) Cooke, Xylariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). Host: on dead branches of Acer monspessulanus, A. platanoides, A. pseudoplatanus (R a p p a z 1987), Carpinus betulus (C h l e b i c k i et al. l. c.). The species was noted in Europe (R a p p a z l. c.). Eutypella cerviculata (Fr.) Sacc., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Lower Silesia, Borowa Oleśnicka coll.: R. Guziak, 1991, KRAM 41372; Turew near Poznań, coll.: W. Truszkowska, noted also in Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959, C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead twigs and branches of Alnus sp., Alnus incana, A. tenuifolia, Carpinus betulus, Carpinus americana, Betula nigra, Betula sp. (R a p p a z 1987), Amelnachier, Corylus, Ostrya, Prunus and Quercus (Fa r r et al. 1989). It is known in temperate areas of norhtern hemispahere (Fa r r et Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 263 al. l. c.). Va s i l y e v a (1998) reported Eutypella corynostomoides (Rehm) Rappaz on branches of Carpinus cordata from Russian Far East. ♦ Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc., Hypocreales. LOCALITIES: Oława, Lower Silesia (S c h r o e t e r 1908). It is cosmopolitan spe- cies. HOST: cankering of woody plants such as Carpinus, Citrus, Cotoneaster, Ficus, Juglans, Malus, Morus, Prunus, Pyrus, Robinia (Fa r r et al. 1989), S c h r o e t e r (l. c.) noted it on Robinia pseudoacacia, Viburnum opulus and Carpinus betulus. Glonium lineare (Fr.) De Not., Dothideales. LOCALITIES: Lower Silesia: Dobrogoszcz,, Wrocław, Zyrowa near Strzelce Opolskie, St. Anna Mt. (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: plurivorous species, noted on dead wood and branches, also on Carpinus, Liquidambar, Fagus, Quercus and Vitis (S c h r o e t e r l. c., Fa r r et al. 1989). Gnomonia fimbriata (Pers.) Fuckel syn.: Mamiania fimbriata (Pers.: Fr.) Ces. et De Not., anamorph Asteroma carpini (Libb.) Sutton, Diaporthales. LOCALITIES: Klęczany (N a m y s ł o w s k i 1909), Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907), Lud- wikowo near Poznań, Zagórzek near Gdynia, Nieporuszewo near Grodzisk, Miradz near Strzelno (D o m i n i k 1936) Czerwieńsk, Złotoryja, Jawor, Wrocław, Brzeg, Strzegom, Krasków near Świdnica, Niemcza, Strzelin, Ziębice, Kamieniec near Ząbkowice, Dzierżoniów, Nowa Ruda, Opole, Goszczowiec near Niemodlin, Za- krzów near Strzelce Opolskie (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Kuczek near Ciechocinek (R u p - p e r t 1909), Łysa Góra (Wa ś n i e w s k i 1911), Białowieża N. P. (S i e m a s z k o 1923; Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959, 1965; M u ł e n k o l. c.), Sikornik near Kraków (Wr ó b l e w s k i 1925), Wołtuszowa near Rymanów Zdrój (S t e c k i 1910), Anamorph. LOCALITY: anamorph: Białowieża N. P. (M u ł e n k o 1996). HOST: on leaves of Carpinus betulus, Carpinus cordata (Va s i l y e v a 1998), Ostrya virginiana (B a r r 1978). The fungus is known from Europe, Russian Far East (Va s i l y e v a l. c.) and North America (B a r r l. c.). Gnomonia setacea (Pers.) Ces. et De Not., Diaporthales. LOCALITIES: Chełm Dolny, Środa Śląska, Lower Silesia (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: on overwintered leaves of various species (B a r r 1978), in Poland noted on Fagus syl- vatica, Quercus robur, Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus glutinosa, Corylus avellana (S c h r o e t e r l. c.), cupules of Quercus and twigs of Alnus (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). It is cosmopolitan species, B a r r (l. c.) noted this fungus on Betula, Alnus, Quercus, Castanea and occasionally on Lycopodium. Gnomoniella carpinea (Fr.) Monod Sphaerognomonia carpinea. Guignardia carpinea (Fr.) J. Schroet. Sphaerognomonia carpinea. Gonytrichum caesium var. chloridioides W. Gams et Hol.-Jech., teleomorph: Cha- etosphaeria, Sordariales. LOCALITY: Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1986). HOST: on dead wood of Betula, Carpinus, Fagus, Quercus and Tilia and rarely isolated from the soil (B o r o w s k a l. c.). It was noted in France, Niderland, Great Britain and Czechoslovakia (B o r o w s - k a l. c.). ♦ Hapalocystis bicaudata Fuckel, syn.: Melanconis berkeleyi Tul., anamorph: Stil- bospora macrosperma Pers. ex Mérat., Diaporthales. 264 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel LOCALITIES: Czerwieńsk in Zielona Góra region, Wrocław, as Pseudovalsa macro- sperma Tulasne (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965; C h l e - b i c k i 1991), Wierzchlas (We b e r - C z e r w i ń s k a 1974), Śnieżnik Mt. in Sudety Mts. (C h l e b i c k i l. c.). HOST: on senescent twigs and branches of trees. G r o v e (1937) and S u t t o n (1980) gave as substratum Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Ul- mus sp. and Cornus sp. C h l e b i c k i (l. c.) found it on Carpinus betulus and Ulmus montana. Helicoon richonis (Boud.) Linder, incerte sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITY: Kampinos N. P., Sieraków (B o r o w s k a 1989), reported from Europe and Canada (B o r o w s k a l. c.). HOST: on rooten wood of Alnus glutinosa, Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris, Carpinus betulus, and cone of Picea abies as well as decaying wood of Quercus, Populus, Salix, fallen leaves and fruits of these plants (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Helicoon sessile Morgan, incerte sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Sieraków (Borowska 1989), known from Great Brit- ain, Poland and USA (B o r o w s k a 1989). HOST: on rotten wood of Acer, Quercus, Fa- gus, Carpinus betulus and coniferous wood (E l l i s , E l l i s 1986; B o r o w s k a l. c.). Helicosporium vegetum Nees, see Tubeufia cerea. Helotium phyllophilum (Desm.) Karst. Hymenoscyphus phyllophilus. Helotium fructigenum(Bull.: Merat) Karsten Hymenoscyphus fructigenus. Hymenoscyphus epiphyllus (Pers.) Rehm ex Kauffman, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Dębina reserve (B o r o w s k a 1966), Łęczna-Włodawa Lake Dis- trict, Lake Długie (C h m i e l 1987, 1990), Roztoczański N. P. (S a ł a t a 1972). HOST: on fallen leaves of various plants,it is common and plurivorous species (D e n n i s 1968). Hymenoscyphus fructigenus (Bull.) Fr., syn.: Helotium fructigenum (Bull.: Merat) P. Karst., Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Trzebnica, Wrocław (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Wielkopolska Province: Pniewy, Węgrowiec, Osowa Góra, Promno (L i s i e w s k a 1965), Łęczna-Włodawa Lake District, Lake Długie (C h m i e l 1987), Kazimierz Landscape Park (C h m i e l 1991), Roztoczański N. P. (S a ł a t a 1972), Bachus reserve (S a ł a t a 1988). HOST: on fallen nuts and acorns of Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus and Prunus (D e n n i s 1968), Carpinus betulus (L i s i e w s k a 1965; C h m i e l 1987, 1991; S a ł a t a 1972, 1988). Hymenoscyphus phyllophilus (Desm.) Kuntze, syn.: Helotium phyllophilum (Desm.) P. Karst., Helotiales. LOCALITY: Anielki near Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1904). HOST: on dead branches of Fagus (Fa r r et al. 1989), Carpinus betulus (E i c h l e r l. c.). C h m i e l (unpubl. data) collected this species in Poland on leaves of Betula, Quercus and Populus. Hypocrea chionea Ellis et Everh., Hypocreales. LOCALITY: Liski near Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907). HOST: on dead branches of Carpinus betulus and Salix caprea (E i c h l e r l. c.), Pinus (Fa r r et al. 1989). The species was noted in Europe (E i c h l e r l. c.) and North America (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Va s i l y e v a (1998) found Hypocrea subpachybasioides Doi on dead twigs of Carpi- nus cordata in Russian Far East. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 265 Hypoxylon atropurpureum (Fr.) Fr. Nemania atropurpurea. Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx. F., Xylariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965; B u j a k i e w i c z et al. 1997). HOST: on dead branches and trunks of Fagus, Corylus, Carpinus. It was mostly found on Fagus (G r a n m o et al. 1989) and occasionally on other trees. E n d e r l e (1982) noted it on Quercus and Carpinus betulus. Hypoxylon fuscopurpureum (Schwein.) M. A. Curtis, syn.: Hypoxylon vogesiacum (Pers.) Sacc. var. microsporum J. H. Miller, Xylariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus, known also on Quercus sp. in North America (Fa r r et al. 1989). The species is known from Europe and Asia on Acer pseudoplatanus and Quercus sp. (J u , R o g e r s 1996). Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Mazurian Lake District (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1960), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Puszcza Augustowska For- est, Czerwone Bagno (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on corticated and rare- ly decorticated branches and stumps of trees, mostly on Betulaceae, Acer, Alnus, Betula,Carya,Castanea, Corylus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Ilex, Nyssa, Ostrya, Prunus, Quer- cus, Sorbus, Tilia (M u n k 1957; D e n n i s 1968; A b e 1986; G r a n m o et al. 1989; Fa r r et al. 1989), Carpinus cordata (Va s i l y e v a 1998). Alnus and Corylus are recog- nized as dominant hosts (G r a n m o et al. 1989). The species was noted in northern hemisphere (A b e 1986; G r a n m o et al. l. c.; Fa r r et al. l. c.). A very close species Hypoxylon macrocarpum Pouzar was noted in Czech (P o u z a r 1978) and Austria (K a h r et al. 1996). Hypoxylon howeanum Peck, Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907), Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Puszcza Augustowska Forest, Czerwone Bagno reserve (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data), Carpathians, Beskid Niski Mts., Rzeszówka Valley in Magura N. P., (C h l e - b i c k i unpubl. data). HOST: on dead, corticated branches and trunks of Quercus ser- rata, Q. acutissima, (A b e 1986), Acer, Betula, Castanea, Fagus, Liriodendron, Malus, Ostrya, Oxydendrum, Populus, Querus, Tilia (Fa r r et al. 1989), Carpinus cordata and Betula mandshurica (Va s i l y e v a 1998), Acer platanoides, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Tilia cordata (C h l e b i c k i 1989; B u j a k i e - w i c z et al. 1997). Corylus, Carpinus and Fagus were mentioned as dominant hosts in Europe (P e t r i n i , M ü l l e r 1986), and Quercus in Japan. It is common species in Poland, noted in Europe, Asia, Japan, North America (D e n n i s 1968; A b e 1986; Fa r r et al. 1989; Va s i l y e v a l. c.). Hypoxylon multiforme (Fr.) Fr., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983), Białowieski N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Ojców nad Prądnikiem (Wr ó b l e w s k i 1925). HOST: on dead branches and wood of various frondose trees, especially on Betula (M u n k 1957), Carpinus betulus (Fa k i r o v a 1993), Alnus and rarely Fagus sylvatica. Hypoxylon rubiginosum (Pers.) Fr., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996); Puszcza Romincka Forest, 266 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel Boczki reserve and Carpathians, Beski Niski Mts., Rzeszówka Valley in Magura N. P. (C h l e b i c k i , unbupl. data). HOST: on dead wood and branches of trees, known on 54 host plants (Fa r r et al. 1989), noted in Poland on Corylus avellana, Populus tremula, Fraxinus excelsior, Carpinus betulus and Betula pubescens subsp. carpatica (C h l e b i c k i 2002). It is cosmopolitan species (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Hypoxylon serpens (Pers.: Fr.) Kickx Nemania serpens. Hypoxylon vogesiacum (Pers.) Sacc. var. microsporum J. H. Miller H. fuscop- urpureum. Hysterium pulicare Pers., Hysteriales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead wood of Betula, Cornus, Eucalyptus, Malus, Quercus (Fa r r et al. 1989). This species is very common on Quercus, Betula and Alnus in Lithuania. Kirschsteiniothelia aetiops (Berk. et M. A. Curtis) D. Hawksw., Dothideales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead wood of Populus in North America (Fa r r et al. 1989), Quercus robur and Corylus avellana in Sweden (E r i k s s o n 1992) and Carpinus betulus in Austria (S c h e u e r 1997). The species was noted in temperate regions (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Laestadia carpinea (Fr.) Schroet. Sphaerognomonia carpinea. ♦ Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) P. M. D. Martin, Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Botanical Garden, Kraków, Skały Panieńskie (N a m y s ł o w s k i 1909), Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al.. 1996). HOST: on dead and senescent trunks and stumps of Acer, Aleurites, Alnus, Citrus, Fagus, Ilex, Liriodendron, Nyssa, Poncirus, Quercus, Tilia, Ulmus (Fa r r et al. 1989), Carpinus betulus and Alnus (C h l e b i c k i et al. l. c.). It is cosmopolitan species. Lachnum fuscescens var. fuscescens (Pers.) P. Karst, syn.: Dasyscyphus fuscescens (Pers.) Gray, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Dębina reserve, Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w k s a 1966), Kazimierz Landscape Park, Parchatka (C h m i e l 1991), Białowieża N. P. (C h m i e l 1997), Chełm environs., (C h m i e l , unpubl. data). HOST: noted on fallen leaves of Quercus, Fagus (D e n n i s 1968) and Carpinus betulus, (C h m i e l 1991), Roztoczański N. P. on Fagus sylvatica (C h m i e l , unpubl. data). Lasiosphaeria canescens (Pers. ) P. Karst., Sordariales. LOCALITY: Puszcza Romincka Forest, ‘Boczki’ Reserve (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on decorticated branches of Fagus silvatica, Quercus (E r i k s s o n 1992) and Carpinus betulus. Lasiosphaeria hirsuta (Fr.) Ces. et De Not., Sordariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: on decaying wood of various trees, also Carpinus betulus and Tilia cordata in Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z - k o w s k a 1965). Lasiosphaeria hispida (Tode) Fuckel, Sordariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: on dead twigs of Betula pubescens, Carpinus betulus (Tr u s z k o w s k a l. c.). Lasiosphaeria ovina (Pers.) Ces. et De Not., Sordariales. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 267 LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: on decaying wood of various trees, also on Betula, Carpinus and Tilia in Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a l. c.). Lasiosphaeria spermoides (Hoffm.) Ces. et De Not., Sordariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead wood of old stumps, reported mostly on Fagus sylvatica, occasionally on other trees (M u n k 1957). Lauriomyces catenatus (Preuss) R. F. Castañeda et W.B. Kendr., teleomorph: Damatioscypha, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Lophiostoma curreyi Sacc syn.: Lophiostoma hysterioides (Schwein.) Sacc., Do- thideales. LOCALITY: Puszcza Romincka Forest, Żytkiejmska Struga reserve (C h l e b i c k i 2005a). HOST: on decorticated branches of various host plants (Fa r r et al. 1989). Mamiania fimbriata (Pers.: Fr.) Ces. et De Not. Gnomonia fimbriata. ♦ Massaria carpinicola Tul. et C. Tul., anamorph: Hendersonia carpinicola Sacc., Pyrenulales. LOCALITIES: Wołów, Opole (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w - s k a 1959). Massaria urceolata (Wallr.) Sacc. is also known on Carpinus. HOST: on twigs of Carpinus. ♦ Melampsoridium carpini (Nees) Dietel, Uredinales. LOCALITY: Zwierzyniec Tenczyński (Tęczyński) near Chrzanów (R a c i b o r s k i 1888; M a j e w s k i 1977). The species is known in Europe, North America, Russian Far East, China and Japan (M a j e w s k i l. c.; Z h a n g et al. 1997). HOST: on leaves of Carpinus betulus, C. orientalis, Corylus avellana, some Asiatic species of Carpinus and Ostrya, also American species Ostrya virginiana (M a j e w s k i l. c.) and Carpinus fargesiana (Z h a n g et al. 1997). ♦ Melanconis chrysostroma (Fr. ) Tul. et C. Tul., syn.: Valsa chrysostroma (Fr.) Tul. et C. Tul., Diaporthe hyperopta Nitschke in G. Otth, Melanconis hyperopta (Nitschke) Wehmeyer, Melanconis carpinigera (Berk. et M. A. Curtis) Petrak, anamorph: Melan- conium microsporum Nees (E r i k s s o n 1992), Diaporthales. LOCALITIES: Puławy (K o c h m a n 1964), Upper and Lower Silesia (Tr u s z k o w s - k a 1976), Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959, 1965, l. c.; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on senescent twigs and branches of hornbeam. The species was noted on Carpinus and rarely on Quer- cus, known from Europe and North America (We h m e y e r 1941; Fa k i r o v a 1993). Melanconis chrysostroma var. ellisii (Rehm) Wehm. is known only from Carpinus caroliniana. C o n n e r s (1967) suggested that Melanconis chrysostroma var. carpinig- era (Berk.) Wehm. belongs to M. chrysostroma var. ellisii. Va s i l y e v a (1987) pointed out that such species as Melanconis chrysostroma (Fr.) Tulasne which inhabits Carpi- nus, Melanconis stilbostoma (Fr.) Tulasne noted on Betula, Melanconis alni Tulasne noted on Alnus and Melanconis ostryae (Dearn.) Wehm. noted on Ostrya, are very 268 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel similar to one another and should be included in one species. Also Melanconis flavo- virens (Otth) Wehm. on Corylus avellana is strictly related to this group of species. ♦ Melanconis spodiaea Tul et C. Tul, syn.: Melanconiella spodiaea (Tul. et C. Tul.) Sacc., anamorph: Melanconium ramulorum Corda (Eriksson 1992), Diaporthales. LOCALITIES: Niemodlin (S c h r o e t e r 1908). It is uncommon species, reported by M u n k (1957) from Danmark, by E r i k s s o n (l. c.) from Sweden and noted by D e n n i s (1968) in England. HOST: on senescent branches of hornbeam. It is peculiar fungus restricted to the Carpinus ssp. The ascospores of M. spodiaea are pale brown at full maturity. S a c c a r d o (1882) separated and considered it as a type species of a new genus Melanconiella, but We h m e y e r (1941) included it again in Melanconis. Melanconis xanthostroma (Mont.) J. Schröt., syn.: Wuestneia xanthostroma (Mont.) Reid et Booth, Cryptosporella aurea (Fuckel) Sacc., Diaporthe bitorulosa (Berk. et Broome) Sacc., Diaporthales. LOCALITIES: Trzebnica, Niemcza, Strzegom, Ziębice, Opole (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), noted in Europe (R e i d , B o o t h 1989) and USA (Fa r r et al. 1989). HOST: on dead twigs of Castanea sativa, Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana, Ostrya carpinifolia, Fagus sylvatica (R e i d , B o o t h l. c.) and Liquidambar (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Melanomma pulvis-pyrius (Pers.) Fuckel, Melanommatales. LOCALITIES: Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907), Strzelińskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996); Carpathians, Beski Niski Mts., Rzeszówka Valley in Magura N. P. (C h l e b i c k i un- publ. data). HOST: on dead wood of various plants. It is very common species. Melogramma campylosporum Fr., syn.: Melogramma bulliardi Tul. et C. Tul., Dia- porthales. LOCALITIES: Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907), Wola Justowska near Kraków (Wr ó - b l e w s k i 1925), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959, 1965; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead branches of Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana. Va s i l y e v a (1998) described a new species Melogramma corylina Lar. Vass. from Russian Far East on Corylus heterophylla which has somewhat longer spores (45-56 um long). Metasphaeria nigrovelata Feltg. = Sagedia carpinea (Pers.) Hoehnel, lichenized fungus! Monostichella robergei (Desm.) Hoehn., vide teleomorph: Sphaerognomonia car- pini. Mycosphaerella maculiformis Pers.: Fr. Mycosphaerella punctiformis. Menispora ciliata Corda, anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Chaetosphaeria, Sor- dariales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpinetum, Pino- Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead bark, wood and stems of Quercus robur, Carpinus betulus, Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Prunus, Picea, Tilia cordata, Calamagrostis, Phragmites and Tanacetum (B o r o w s k a 1986, l. c.). The fungus is known in Europe, Canada and New Zeland. Menispora glauca Pers., see Chaetosphaeria ovoidea. Mollisia ventosa P. Karst., Helotiales. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 269 LOCALITY: Kruklany in Puszcza Borecka Forest, Pino-Quercetum and Querco- Carpinetum communities (G i n k o 1986). HOST: on dead twigs of Pinus sylvestris, Sa- lix sp. (S a c c a r d o 1889), Carpinus betulus (G i n k o l. c.). The fungus was reported from Finland, Poland and Great Britain (S a c c a r d o l. c.; G i n k o l. c.). Mycosphaerella punctiformis (Pers.) Starbäck, Mycosphaerellales. LOCALITIES: Liski near Międzyrzec (E i c h l e r 1907) Lwówek, Jawor, Ścinawa, Syców, Opole, Henryków, Boguszyn near Kłodzko (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: on overwintered leaves, it is plurivorous species, noted on Carpinus betulus in Bulgaria (Fa k i r o v a 1993). ♦ Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr., anamorph: Tubercularia vulgaris Tode: Fr., Hypocreales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1959; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on living twigs of various plants. It is very common species. Nectria coccinea (Pers.) Fr., Hypocreales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P., on dead branch (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on ascomata of various pyrenomycete fungi and wood of trees such as Acer, Betula, Carpinus, Castanea, Corylus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Hedera, Ilex, Morus, Populus, Quercus, Sambucus, Taxus, Tilia, Ulmus (B o o t h 1959), Ailanthus, Albizia, Ceanothus, Cornus, Malus, Melia, Umbellularia (Fa r r et al. 1989). It is cosmopolitan species. Nectria episphaeria (Tode) Fr., syn.: Nectria sanguinea (Sibth: Fr.) Fr., Hypocre- ales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965; C h l e b i c k i , S k i r g i e ł ł o 1995), Puszcza Augustowska Forest (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on old stro- mata of Diatrype stigma, (Tr u s z k o w s k a l. c.) as well as on old stromata of Diatrype sp., Diatrype decorticata and D. stigma (C h l e b i c k i , S k i r g i e ł ł o l. c.). ♦ Nectria radicola Gerlach et L. Nilsson, anamorph: Cylindrocarpon destructans (Zinss.) Scholten, Sordariales. LOCALITY: Wronczyn near Poznań (M a ń k a et al. 2002). HOST: on living roots of Carpinus betulus. Nemania atropurpurea (Fr.) Pouzar, syn.: Hypoxylon atropurpureum (Fr.) Fr., Xy- lariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (P o u z a r 1985a). The species is known mainly from temperate regions, Taiwan and New Guinea (J u , R o g e r s 1999). HOST: on dead branches and trunks of Fagus sylvatica, Populus nigra, Tilia platyphyllos, Ulmus carpi- nifolia, Carpinus betulus, Fomes pinicola (P o u z a r l. c.). Nemania serpens (Pers.) Gray, syn.: Hypoxylon serpens (Pers.) Kickx, Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996); Puszcza Romincka For- est, Boczki reserve (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data); the Carpathians, Beskid Niski Mts., Rzeszówka Valley in Magura N. P. (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). The species was known in temperate and subtropical regions (Fa r r et al. 1989), East China (A b e , L i u 1995). HOST: on decayinjg wood of various deciduous trees (P o u z a r 1985b), also on Carpinus betulus. It was noted in Poland on Populus tremula, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). ♦ Oidium carpini Foitzik, teleomorph Erysiphe, Erysiphales. 270 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel LOCALITIES: Kraków, Tarnów (P i ą t e k 2004). HOST: on living leaves of Carpinus betulus. It is rare fungus in Poland. Orbilia leucostigma (Fr.) Fr., incertae sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITY: Kruklany in Puszcza Borecka Forest, Pino-Quercetum and Querco- Carpinetum communities (G i n k o 1986). It is a rare species (D e n n i s 1968). HOST: on dead wood of trees, noted also on Carpinus betulus (G i n k o l. c.). ♦ Pezicula carpinea (Pers.) Tul. ex Fuckel, anamorph: Cryptosporiopsis fasciculata (Tode ex Tul.) Petrak, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: teleomorph: Międzyrzec, Liski (E i c h l e r 1902), Zielona Góra, Zgorzelec, Lwówek Śląski, Syców, Brynica (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Warszawa envi- rons, Pyry (K o c h m a n 1971), Las Piwnicki reserve (H o ł o w n i a 1977); anamorph: Białowieża N. P., (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on twigs of Carpinus betulus, C. caroliniana, Fagus, Castanea and Populus (D e n n i s 1968; C o n n e r s 1967; Tr u s z - k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i 1983). Anamorph was earlier reported from Strzeliñskie Hills (Tr u s z k o w s k a , C h l e b i c k i l. c.) on Populus tremula. G r z y w a c z (1993) reported it from Poland as Dermatea carpinea (Pers.) Rehm. C o n n e r s (l. c.) re- ported anamorph on Carpinus caroliniana from Ontario (Canada). Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus (Grove) W. Gams, anamorphic fungus, incertae se- dis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITY: Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead bark and wood of Acer, Alnus, Betula, Castanea, Fagus, Fraxinus, Picea, Prunus, Ulmus, Quercus, Cory- lus, Ilex, Rhododendron, Sambucus, Ulex, Carex, Rumex (B o r o w s k a 1986). Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus (Corda) W. Gams et Hol.-Jeh., anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P., Kampinos N. P. (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on rot- ten wood and fallen fruits of Castanea, Fagus, Ilex, Picea, Pinus, Quercus, Rubus, Salix, Carpinus betulus. The fungus was reported in Europe, Canada and Kazakhstan (B o r o w s k a 1986). ♦ Phyllactinia guttata (Wallr.) Lév., Erysiphales. LOCALITIES: Miradz near Strzelno, Lipno, Zalesie near Piaseczno, Górzez near Jawor, Wałbrzych, Szczytów near Dzierżoniów, Bochotnica naer Kazimierz Dolny, Włostowice near Puławy (S c h r o e t e r 1908; S a ł a t a 1985). HOST: on living leaves, plurivorous species. It occurs in Poland on Acer negundo, Alnus glutinosa, A. incana, Betula obscura, B. pendula, B. pubescens subsp. pubeacens and subsp. carpatica, Co- rylus avellana, C. sanguinea, C. tubulosa, Crataegus oxyacantha, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxi- nus excelsior, Quercus robur, Syringa vulgaris and Ulmus minor (H e n n i n g s 1892; S c h r o e t e r l. c., S a ł a t a l. c.). This species is rare in Lithuania on Betulaceae (G r i - g a l i û n a i t ë 1997). Besides it occurs on 76 species of host plants in USA (Fa r r r et al. 1989). ♦ Phyllosticta carpini Schulzer et Sacc., anamoorphic fungus, teleomorph: Guig- nardia, Dothideales. LOCALITIES: Siedlce (Tr z e b i ń s k i et al. 1916), Malta near Poznań, as Phyllos- ticta carpinea Sacc. (D o m i n i k 1936). The fungus was reported from Europe and North America (Fa r r et al. 1989). HOST: on living leaves of Carpinus betulus, Alnus (Tr z e b i ń s k i et al. l. c.; Fa r r et al. l. c.). Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 271 Pleurophragmium rousselianum (Mont.) S. Hughes Pseudospiropes rousse- lianus. Polydesmia pruinosa (Gerd ex Berk. et Broome) Boud., Helotiales. LOCALITY: Kruklanki in Puszcza Borecka Forest, Circaeo-Alnetum (G i n k o 1986). It is very common fungus (D e n n i s 1968). HOST: on dead twigs and branches of various trees, also on Carpinus betulus (G i n k o l. c.), dead twigs and ascocarps as well as on ostioles of perithecia of other fungi (D e n n i s l. c.). Propolis farinosa (Pers.) Fr., syn.: Propolomyces farinosus (Pers.) Sherwood, Pro- polomyces versicolor (Fr.: Fr.) Dennis, Propolis faginea (Schrad.) P. Karst., Rhytis- matales. LOCALITIES: Czerwieńsk near Zielona Góra (S c h r o e t e r 1908). HOST: mostly on dead wood of various trees, noted in Great Britain on Acer, Chamaenerion, Corylus, Fagus, Fraxinus, Ilex, Larix, Lonicera, Malus, Pinus, Populus, Prunus, Quercus, Rham- nus, Salix, Sambucus, Sorbus and Tilia (D e n n i s 1968). It is a very common species, noted also on branches, pine cones, woody stems (D e n n i s l. c.), on subfossil oak Quercus robur and cutted by beavers trunks (C h l e b i c k i unpubl. data). Pseudospiropes rousselianus (Mont.) M. B. Ellis, syn.: Pleurophragmium rousse- lianum (Mont.) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, incertae sedis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Rhinocladiella atrovirens Nannf., anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Capronia, Chaetothyriales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus (B o r o w s k a l. c.). Rosellinia corticium (Schw.) Sacc, Xylariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996; C h l e b i c k i 2006). HOST: on dead bark and wood of various trees (M u n k 1957). It is one of the most com- mon species of Rosellinia in Europe. According to P e t r i n i (1993) many collections identified as Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) De Not., syn.: R. byssiseda (Tode) Schroeter, in fact are not this fungus. Thus it is also possible that R. corticium was earlier included in R. aquila. HOST: on dead bark and wood of various trees, on Acer pseudoplatanus, Eucalyptus sp., Ilex aquifolium, Salix sp., Salvia officinalis and Vitis vinifera. Fa k i - r o v a (1993) noted it in Bulgaria on Carpinus betulus, Va s i l y e v a (1998) noted the same fungus on branches of Carpinus cordata in Russian Far East. Rosellinia mammiformis (Pers.) Ces. et De Not., Xylariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). Host: known on dead wood, stems and branches of various herbs and trees. Rutstroemia bolaris (Batsch.) Rehm, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Międzyrzec, Liski (E i c h l e r 1902), Wrocław (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Białowieża N. P. (S k i r g i e ł ł o 1960), Roztoczański N. P. (S a ł a t a 1972), Wołwinów near Chełm (S a ł a t a , B e d n a r c z y k 1977), Kazimierz Landscape Park (C h m i e l 1991). HOST: on fallen twigs of Carpinus betulus, C. caroliniana, Corylus and Casta- 272 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel nea (S c h r o e t e r l. c.; C o n n e r s 1967; Fa r r et al. 1989). It is known from North America and Europe. ♦ Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary, Helotiales. LOCALITIES: Wronczyn near Poznań (Mańka et al. 2002). HOST: in living roots of Carpinus betulus. Sphaerognomonia carpinea (Fr.) Potiebnia Apiosporopsis carpinea. ♦ Splanchnonema carpini (Fuckel) M. E. Barr, syn.: Pleomassaria carpini (Fuck- el) Sacc., anamorph: Hendersonia carpini Sacc., Pleosporales. LOCALITIES: Zielona Góra, Wołów, Ziębice, Opole (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Bielany near Kraków (Wr ó b l e w s k i 1918), Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: on senescent twigs of Carpinus betulus, Carpinus caroliniana (Fa r r et al 1989; B a r r 1990). The species was noted in Europe and North America (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Stilbospora macrosperma Pers. ex Mérat teleomorph: Hapalocystis bicaudata. Taeniolella exilis (P. Karst.) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Glyphi- um, Hysteriales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpin- etum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood and bark of Betula (E l l i s 1971). The species is know from Europe and North America (E l l i s l. c.). Taeniolina scripta (P. Karst.) M. E. Kirk, syn.: Taeniolella scripta (P. Karst.) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, teleomorph: Glyphium, Hysteriales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i unpubl. data). HOST: on dead wood of Betula, Corylus, Fagus and Sorbus aucuparia (E l l i s 1971). The species is known from Europe. ♦ Taphrina carpini (Rostr.) Johansson, Taphrinales. LOCALITIES: S a ł a t a (1975) cited many localities of this fungus gathered by M a g - n u s (1895), S c h r o e t e r (1908), S z u l c z e w s k i (1938), R o u p p e r t (1912), Z a l - e s k i and G l a s e r (1953), Tr z e b i ń s k i (1916). It has been noted in Strzelińskie Hills (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Pomorze Lake District, Wielkopolska and Małopolska Upland, the Sudetes and the West Carpathians (S a ł a t a 1974). HOST: it is witches’ brooms on twigs and branches noted in Europe on Carpinus betulus and C. orientalis (S a ł a t a 1974) whereas in North America Taphrina australis (Atk.) Giesenh. occurs on Carpinus caroliniana (C o n n e r s 1967; Fa r r et al. 1989). A related species, Ta- phrina virginica Sadebeck is known from Ostrya in North America (Fa r r et al. 1989). Moreover Taphrina coerulescens (Desmaz. et Mont) Tul., leaf blister occasionally was noted on Ostrya (Fa r r et al. l. c.). Trematosphaeria pertusa (Pers.) Fuckel, Pleosporales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: on decorticated branches of Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana, Populus tremulus, Tilia cordata (Tr u s z k o w s k a l. c.). Trimmatostroma betulinum (Corda) S. Hughes, anamorphic fungus, incertae se- dis, Ascomycetes. LOCALITY: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Tilio-Carpinetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). The species is known from Europe (E l l i s 1971). HOST: on dead twigs of Betula. E l - l i s (l. c.); B o r o w s k a (l. c.) noted this fungus on Betula pendula, Quercus robur and Carpinus betulus. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 273 Tubeufia cerea (Berk. Et M. A. Curtis) Höhn, Helicosporium vegetum Nees, an- amorphic fungus, Pleosporales. LOCALITIES: Kampinos N. P., Krzywa Góra, Sieraków, Zamczysko, Tilio-Carpi- netum, Pino-Carpinetum, Pino-Quercetum (B o r o w s k a 1987). HOST: on dead wood of Carpinus betulus, Quercus robur, Tilia cordata (B o r o w s k a l. c.). ♦ Valsa ambiens (Pers.) Fr., anamorph: Cytospora leucosperma (Fr.) Fuckel, Dia- porthales. LOCALITIES: Czerwieńsk (Zielona Góra region), Wrocław (S c h r o e t e r 1908), Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on senescent twigs, noted on over 40 species in North America (Fa r r et al. 1989). Wuestneia xanthostroma (Mont.) Reid. et Booth Melanconis xanthostroma. Xylaria corniformis (Fr.) Fr., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Białowieża N. P. (L e s s ø e 1987; C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996), Puszcza Romincka Forest, Boczki reserve (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). HOST: on branches and decorticated wood of Alnus, Fagus, Olea, Populus (Tr a v e r s o 1906), Carpi- nus, Fagus, Quercus (Fa r r et al. 1989) Fagus, Carpinus betulus (L a e s s ø e 1987). It was noted in Poland on Alnus glutinosa and Carpinus betulus (C h l e b i c k i , unpubl. data). The species was reported from Europe, North Africa, Asia and North Amer- ica (L a e s s ø e l. c.; Fa r r et al. l. c.). Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev., Xylariales. LOCALITIES: Dolina Szwajcarka Valley near Ciechocinek (R o u p p e r t 1909), Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead branches and stumps, it is plurivorous species known also on Carpinus betulus. Xylaria longipes Nitschke, Xylariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (C h l e b i c k i et al. 1996). HOST: on dead stumps and branches, mostly reported on Acer. Zignoëlla fallax (Sacc.) Sacc., Sordariales. LOCALITY: Białowieża N. P. (Tr u s z k o w s k a 1965). HOST: on decorticated branches of various deciduous trees. Tr u s z k o w s k a (l. c.) noted it in Białowieża on Carpinus betulus and Betula sp. REFERENCES A b e Y . 1986. Notes on some common xylariaceous and diatrypaceous fungi on hardwoods in Japan I. Bull. Forest. & Forest. Products Res. Inst. 339: 1 26. A b e Y . , L i u Z . 1995. An annotated list of xylariaceous and diatrypaceous fungi collected from Mt. Fanyangshan and Mt. Baishanzu, Zhejiang prov. in East China. Bull. Natl. Sci, Mus.,Tokyo, Ser. B. 21: 75 86. A n o n i m 1968. Compte rendu du IV éme Congrés des Mycologues Européens, Warszawa 1966. Acta Mycol. 4: 181 198. A r x J. A. v o n , M ü l l e r E . 1954. Einige Gattungen der amerosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitr. Krypto gamenfl. Schweiz. 11: 1 434. B a r r M. E. 1978. The Diaporthales in North America with emphasis on Gnomonia and its segregates. Mycol. Mem. 7: 1 232. B a r r M. E. 1990. Prodromus to nonlichenized, pyrenomycetous members of Class Hymenoascomycetes. Mycotaxon 39: 43 184. B i l l s G. F., P o l i s h o o k J. D. 1991. Micorofungi from Carpinus caroliniana. Canad. J. Bot. 69: 1477 1482. B o o t h C . 1959. Studies of Pyrenomycetes. IV. Nectria (Part 1.). Mycol. Pap. 73: 1 115. 274 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel B o r a t y ń s k a K . 1993. Systematyka i rozmieszczenie geograficzne. (In:) W. B u g a ł a (ed.). Grab zwy czajny Carpinus betulus L. Nasze drzewa leśne 9: 17 50. B o r o w s k a A . 1966. Grzyby ściółkowe rezerwatu Dębina. Acta Mycol. 2: 79 105. B o r o w s k a A. 1986. Flora Polska. Grzyby (Mycota) 16: Deuteromycetes. Hyphomycetales. Dematiaceae Phialoconidiae, PWN, Warszawa Kraków. B o r o w s k a A . 1987. Wood inhabiting dematiaceous Hyphomycetes in the Kampinos National Park. Acta Mycol. 18: 297 326. B o r o w s k a A . 1989. Helicosporous Hyphomycetes from Poland. Acta Mycol. 25 (1): 141 155. B u j a k i e w i c z A . , C h l e b i c k i A . , C h m i e l M . , C i e ś l i ń s k i S . , C z y ż e w s k a K . , F a l i ń s k i J . B . , G ł o w a c k i Z . , K l a m a H . , L i s i e w s k a M . , M a j e w s k i T. , M u ł e n k o W. , S k i r g i e ł ł o A . , Z a ł u s k i T. , Ż a r n o w i e c J . 1997. Ecological Atlas (Project Crypto 4) (In:) J . B . F a l i ñ s k i , W. M u ł e n k o (eds). Cryptogamous plants in the forest communities of Białowieża National Park. Phytocoenosis 9 (N. S.) Supplementum Cartographiae Geobotanicae 7: 1 524. C h e n Z. D. , M a n c h e s t e r S. R., S u n H. Y. 1999. Phylogeny and evolution of the Betulaceae as inferred from DNA sequences, morphology, and paleobotany. Amer. J. Bot. 86: 1168 1181. C h l e b i c k i A . 1986. Variability in Diatrypella favacea in Poland. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 86: 441 449. C h l e b i c k i A . 1989. The occurrence of Pyrenomycetes, Loculoascomycetes and their anamorphs in the plant communities of Babia Góra. Acta Mycol. 25 (2): 51 143. C h l e b i c k i A . 1991. Notes on Pyrenomycetes and Coelomycetes from Poland. 1. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 6 0 : 339 350. C h l e b i c k i A . 2002. Biogeographic relationships between fungi and selected glacial relict plants. The use of host fungus data as an aid to plant geography on the basis of material from Europe, Green land and northern Asia. Monogr. Bot. 90: 1 230. C h l e b i c k i A . 2005 a. Some ascomycete fungi from primeval forests of north eastern Poland. Acta Mycol. 40: 71 94. C h l e b i c k i A . 2005 b. Biscogniauxia repanda (Fr.: Fr.) Kuntze (In:) W. W o j e w o d a (ed.). Atlas of geographical distribution of fungi in Poland 3: 13 15. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków. C h l e b i c k i A . 2006. Some overlooked species of xylariaceous fungi from Poland. Polish Bot. J. (in press). C h l e b i c k i A . , B u j a k i e w i c z A . 1994. Biscogniauxia repanda, B. marginata and Camarops poly sperma (Pyrenomycetes) in Poland and Lithuania. Acta Mycol. 29: 53 58. C h l e b i c k i A . , K r z y ż a n o w s k a J . 1995. Notes on Pyrenomycetes and Coelomycetes from Poland 3. Diatrype subaffixa, a new species for Europe. Sydowia 47: 10 30. C h l e b i c k i A . , S k i r g i e ł ł o A . 1995. Some mycogenous fungi from Poland. Acta Mycol. 30: 81 93. C h l e b i c k i A . , Ż a r n o w i e c J . , C i e ś l i ń s k i S . , K l a m a H . , B u j a k i e w i c z A . , Z a ł u s k i T. 1996. Epixylites, lignicolous fungi and their links with different kinds of wood. (In:) J . B . F a l i ń s k i , W. M u ł e n k o (eds). Cryptogamous plants in the forest communities of Białowieża National Park (Project CRYPTO 3). Phytocoenosis 8. (N. S.) Archiv. Geobot. 6: 75 110. C h m i e l M. A. 1987. Discomycetes of the Łęczna Włodawa Lake District. Part III. Brzeziczno Lake Reservation. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie Skłodowska, Sect. C, 42: 65 75. C h m i e l M. A. 1991. Discomycetes of the Kazimierz Landscape Park. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie Skło dowska, Sec. C, 46: 21 27. C h m i e l M. A. 1997. Helotiales. (In:) J . B . F a l i ń s k i , W. M u ł e n k o ( e d s ) . Cryptogamous plant in the forest communities of Białowieża National Park. Ecological Atlas. (Project CRYPTO 4) Phy tocoenosis 9 (N. S.) Supplamantum Cartographiae Geobotanicae 7: 193 223. C o n n e r s I . L . 1967. An annotated index of plant diseases in Canada and fungi recorded on plants in Alaska, Canada and Greenland. Research Branch Canada Department of Agriculture 1251: 1– 381. C r o x a l l M . E . 1950. Studies on British Pyrenomycetes. 3. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 33: 45 72. D e n n i s R . W. G . 1968. British Ascomycetes. J. Cramer, Stuttgart. D o m i n i k T. 1936. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der mikroskopischen Pilzflora Westpolens. Spraw. Kom. Fiz jogr. 70: 1 72. E i c h l e r B . 1902. Contribution á la flore mycologique des environs de Międzyrzec. Pam. Fizjogr. 17: 39 67. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 275 E i c h l e r B . 1904. Seconde contribution á la flore mycologique des environs de Międzyrzec. Pam. Fizjogr. 18: 1 31. E i c h l e r B . 1907. Troisiéme contribution á la flore mycologique des environs de Międzyrzec. Pam. Fizjogr. 19: 3 39. E l l i s M . B . 1971. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. CMI, Kew. E l l i s M . B . , E l l i s J . P. 1987. Microfungi on land plants. Croom Holm, London Sydney. E r i k s s o n O . E . 1992. The non lichenized pyrenomycetes of Sweden. SBT förlaget, Lund. E n d e r l e M . 1982. Die Gattung Hypoxylon Bull. ex Fr. im Ulmer Raum. Z. Mykol. 46: 141 164. F a r r D. F. , B i l l s G. F., C h a m u r i s G. P., R o s s m a n A. Y. 1989. Fungi on plants and plant products in the United States. APS Press. St. Paul, Minnesota. F a k i r o v a V. I. 1993. Pyrenomycetous fungi on a hornbeam substratum. Fitologija 46: 53 57. G i n k o B . 1986. Rare and new in Poland Helotiales. Acta Mycol. 22 (2): 197 202. G o ł ą b Z . 1978. Udział grzybów mikroskopowych w rozkładzie liści bukowych i grabowych w natural nych warunkach. Rocznik Gleboznawczy 29: 65 78. G r a n m o A . , H a m m e l e v D . , K n u d s e n H . , L a e s s o e T. , S a s a M . , W h a l l e y A. J. S. 1989. The genera Biscogniauxia and Hypoxylon (Sphaeriales) in the Nordic countries. Opera Bot. 100: 59 84. G r i g a l i û n a i t ë B . 1997. Erysiphales. Mycota Lithuaniae 3 (1), Institute of Botany, Vilnius, 200 pp. G r o v e W. B . 1937. British stem and leaf fungi (Coelomycetes) 2. Cambridge University Press, Cam bridge. G r z y w a c z A . 1993. More important infections diseases. (In:) W. B u g a ł a (ed.). Grab zwyczajny Carpinus betulus L. Nasze drzewa leśne 9: 265 298. H e n n i n g s P. 1892. Bericht über meine vom 31 August bis zum 17 September 1890 ausgeführte krypto gamische Forschungsreise in Kreise Swetz. Schrift. Naturf. Ges. Danzig. N. F. 8: 59 113. H i l b e r R . , H i l b e r O . 1980. Notizen zur Gattung Camarops (Boliniaceae). Česká Mykol. 34: 123 151. H o l e c J. 2005. Distribution and ecology of Camarops tubulina (Ascomycetes, Boliniaceae) in the Czech Republic and remarks of its European distribution. Czech Mycol. 57 (1 2): 97 115. H o ł o w n i a I . 1977. Mikoflora rezerwatu „Las Piwnicki”. Acta UNC, Biologia 19, 39: 81 90. I g n a t a v i č i u t e M . , Tr e i g i e n e A . 1998. Acervuliačiai (Melanconiales). Mycota Lithuaniae 9, In stitute of Botany, Vilnius, 247 pp. J u Y. M., R o g e r s J. D. 1996. A revision of the genus Hypoxylon. Mycol. Mem. 20: 1 365. J u Y. M., R o g e r s J. D. 1999. The Xylariaceae of Taiwan (excluding Anthostomella). Mycotaxon 73: 343 440. J u Y. M., R o g e r s J. D., S a n M a r t i n G o n z a l e s F. , G r a n m o A . 1998. The genus Biscog niauxia. Mycotaxon 66: 1 98. K a h r V. H., M a u r e r W., M i c h e l i t s c h S., S c h e u e r Ch. 1996. Holzbbaudene Pilze der Steier mark, II. Mitt. naturwiss. Ver. Steiermark 125: 890120. K o c h m a n J . 1964. Mycotheca Polonica, No 301 475. Academia Scientiarum Poloniae, Warszawa. K o c h m a n J . 1971. Mycotheca Polonica, No 476 625, Academia Scientiarum Poloniae, Warszawa. K o t l a b a F. , L a z e b n i č e k J . 1967. The fourth European Mycological Congress, Poland 1966. Česka Mycol. 21: 54 59. K u t o r g a E. 1989. Discomycetes inhabiting various parts of Alnus. (In:) X Congress of European My cologists, Tallin. Abstracts: 66. L a e s s o e T. 1987. Xylaria corniformis reconsidered. Mycotaxon 30: 81 85. L i s i e w s k a M . 1965. Higher fungi of the Querco Carpinetum of the Wielkopolska province. Acta My col. 1: 169 268. L u n d q v i s t N . 1987. Pyrenomyceten Camarops pugillus funnen i Sverige. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 81: 65 69. M a g n u s P. 1895. Die Exoasceen der Provinz Branderburg. Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brandenb. 38: 115 124. M a j e w s k i T. 1977. Flora Polska. Grzyby (Mycota) 9: Basidiomycetes. Uredinales, PWN, Warszawa Kraków. M a ń k a M . , Ty s z k i e w i c z Z . , R e s z k o K . , S z e w c z y k W. 2002. Infection threat of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) transplants by pathogenic Fungi. Polish. Bot. J. 47: 259 263. 276 A. Chlebicki and M. A. Chmiel M a t h i a s s e n G . 1989. Some corticolous and lignicolous Pyrenomycetes s. lat. (Ascomycetes) on Salix in Troms, N Norway. Sommerfeltia 9: 1 100. M a t h i a s s e n G . 1993. Corticolous and lignicolous Pyrenomycetes s. lat. (Ascomycetes) on Salix along a mid Scandinavian transect. Sommerfeltia 20: 1 180. M e l n i k V. A. 2000. Opredelitel gribov Rossii. Klass Hyphomycetes. Sankt Peterburg. M e r c u r i O. A. 1972. Camarops (Ascomycetes), genero nuevo para la Argentina. Darwiniana 17: 548 551. M u ł e n k o W. 1996. Parasitic microfungi and their hosts collected on the study area. Plant patogenic fun gi. (In:) J. B. F a l i ń s k i , W. M u ł e n k o ( eds). Cryptoganous plants in the forest communities of Białowieża National Park (Project CRYPTO 3). Phytocoenosis 8 (N. S.) Archiv. Geobot. 6: 55 65. M u n k A . 1957. Danish Pyrenomycetes. Dansk Bot. Ark. 17: 1 491. N a g R a y T. R., K e n d r i c k B. 1975. A monograph of Chalara and allied genera . Univ. Waterloo Press, Waterloo, Ontario. N a m y s ł o w s k i B. 1909. Zapiski grzyboznawcze z Krakowa, Gorlic i Czarnej Hory. Spraw. Kom. Fi zjogr. 43: 3 30. N a n f e l d t J. A. 1972. Camarops Karst. (Sphaeriales, Boliniaceae). Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 66: 335 376. P e t r i n i L. E. 1993. Rosellinia species of the temperate zones. Sydowia 44: 169 281. P e t r i n i L. E., M ü l l e r E. 1986. Haupt und Nebenfruchtformen Europäischer Hypoxylon Arten (Xy lariaceae, Sphaeriales) und verwandter Pilze. Mycol. Helv. 1 (7): 501 627. P i ą t e k M . 2004. First report of powdery mildew (Oidium carpini) on Carpinus betulus in Poland. Plant Pathology 53: 246. P o u z a r Z . 1978. Hypoxylon macrocarpum Pouz. spec. nov., a new fragrant pyrenomycete. Česka Mykol. 32: 19 21. P o u z a r Z . 1985 a. Reassessment of Hypoxylon serpens complex I. Česka Mykol. 39: 15 25. P o u z a r Z . 1985 b. Reassessment of Hypoxylon serpens complex II. Česka Mykol. 39: 129 134. P o u z a r Z . 1986 a. A key and conspectus of Central European species of Biscogniauxia and Obolarina (Pyrenomycetes). Česka Mykol. 40: 1 10. P o u z a r Z . 1986 b. Camarops subgen. Bolinia in CSRR. Česka Mykol. 40: 217 222. R a c i b o r s k i M . 1888. Materiały do flory grzybów Polski 1. Rdze (Uredineae). Spraw. Kom. Fizjogr. 21: 49 64. R a p p a z F. 1987. Taxonomie et nomenclature des diatrypacees asques octospores. Mycol. Helv. 2: 1 652. Re i d J . , B o o t h C . 1989. On Cryptosporella and Wuestneia. Canad. J. Bot. 67: 879 908. R o u p p e r t K. 1909. Zapiski grzyboznawcze z okolic Ciechocinka. Spraw. Kom. Fizjogr. 43: 39 52. R o u p p e r t K. 1912. Grzyby zebrane w Tatrach, Beskidzie Zachodnim i na Pogórzu. Spraw. Kom. Fi zjogr. 46: 80 100. S a c c a r d o P. A. 1882. Sylloge Fungorum 1. Patavii. S a c c a r d o P. A. 1889. Sylloge Fungorum 8. Patavii. S a ł a t a B. 1972. Badania nad udziałem grzybów wyższych w lasach bukowych i jodłowych na Roztoczu Środkowym. Acta Mycol. 8: 69 139. S a ł a t a B. 1975. Rozmieszczenie geograficzne szpetkowych (Taphrinales) w Polsce. Distribution géographique des Taphrinales en Pologne. Acta Mycol. 11: 23 48. S a ł a t a B. 1985. Flora Polska. Grzyby (Mycota) 15: Ascomycetes. Erysiphales, PWN, Warszawa Kraków. S a ł a t a B. 1988. Ogólnopolskie Sympozjum Mikologiczne nt. „Flora ekologia i rozmieszczenie geogra ficzne grzybów”, Folia Soc. Sci. Lublinensis. 30 Biol., 1 2: 3 9, Lublin. S a ł a t a B., B e d n a r c z y k M . 1977. Nowe stanowiska interesujących miseczniaków (Discomycetes) w południowo wschodniej Polsce. Acta Mycol. 13: 109 115. S c h e u e r Ch. 1987. Dupla Fungorum (1997) Schedae emendate. Fritschiana 9: 39 61. S c h e u e r Ch., C h l e b i c k i A. 1997. Recent collections of miscellaneous microfungi from South Poland. Acta Mycol. 32: 147 172. S c h r o e t e r J. 1908. Pyrenomycetes. (In:) Cohn‘s Krypt. Fl. Schlesiens 3 (2), Die Pilze Schlesiens II, J. U. Kern‘s Verlag, Wrocław: 224 477. S i e m a s z k o W. 1923. Fungi Bialowiezenses Exsiccati 2. Editio Musei Historiae Naturalis in Białowieża, Poloniae pp. 2.7 S k i r g i e ł ł o A. 1960. Wiosenne miseczniaki Białowieży. Monogr. Bot. 10: 3 19. Microfungi of Carpinus betulus 277 S t e c k i K. 1910. Przyczynki do mykologii Galicyi. I. Grzyby okolic Rymanowa Zdroju. Spraw. Kom. Fizjogr. 44: 49 56. S u t t o n B. C. 1980. The Coelomycetes. Fungi Imperfecti with Pycnidia, Acervuli and Stromata. CMI Kew, Surrey. S z u l c z e w s k i J. W. 1938. Die Phytocecidien Grosspolens. Kosmos 63: 55 70. Tr a v e r s o J. B. 1906. Rocca S. Casciano, Firenze. Pyrenomycetae. Tr e i g i e n ë A., M a r k o v s k a j a S. 2003. New data on anamorphic fungi on oak (Quercus) in Lithuania. Botanica Lithuanica 9: 285 296. Tr u s z k o w s k a W. 1959. Niektóre Pyrenomycetes zebrane w Puszczy Białowieskiej. Monogr. Bot. 7: 191 220. Tr u s z k o w s k a W. 1960. Niektóre Pyrenomycetes zebrane w Kamieniu i Rucianem na Mazurach. Mo nogr. Bot. 10: 65 77. Tr u s z k o w s k a W. 1965. Niektóre Pyrenomycetes zebrane w Puszczy Białowieskiej. II. Acta Mycol. 1: 105 120. Tr u s z k o w s k a W., C h l e b i c k i A. 1983. Pyrenomycetes występujące w zbiorowiskach leśnych Wzgórz Strzelińskich (Dolny Śląsk). Acta Mycol. 19: 129 157. Tr z e b i ń s k i J., G o r j a c z k o w s k i W., Z w e i g b a u m ó w n a Z. 1916. Choroby i szkodniki roślin ho dowanych w Królestwie Polskiem. Według danych Stacji Ochrony Roślin z roku 1912, 1913 i 1914. Pam. Fizjogr. 23: 1 106. Va s i l y e v a L. N. 1998. Plantae non vasculares. Fungi et Bryopsidae orientis extremi Rossica. Fungi 4. Pyrenomycetidae et Loculoascomycetidae. Nauka. Sankt Petersburg. We b e r C z e r w i ń s k a E . 1974. Mikoflora gałązek drzew i krzewów w rezerwacie cisowym Wierzchlas. Acta Mycol. 10 (2): 305 310. We h m e y e r L. E. 1933. The genus Diaporthe Nitschke and its segregates. Univ. Michigan Stud. Sci. Ser. 9: 1 349. We h m e y e r L. E. 1941. A revision of Melanconis, Pseudovalsa, Prosthecium and Titania. Univ. Michigan Stud. Sci Ser. 14: 1 161. W i ś n i e w s k i S . 1911. Przyczynek do mykologii Królestwa Polskiego. Spraw. Kom. Fizjogr. 45: 23 37. W o j e w o d a W. 2003. Checklist of Polish larger Basidiomycetes. (In:) Z. M i r e k (ed.). Biodiversity of Poland. 7. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, 812 pp. W r ó b l e w s k i A. 1918. Przyczynek do znajomości grzybów Galicji zachodniej. Spraw. Kom. Fizjogr. 52: 122 127. W r ó b l e w s k i A. 1925. Champignons recueillis par M. Raciborski dans les environs de Cracovie et dans le Tatra en 1883 et 1890. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 3: 29 41. Z a l e s k i K., G l a s e r T. 1953. Parasitic and saprophytic fungi (exept Agaricaceae a. Boletaceae) of state forests Wolsztyn (province Poznań, Poland) collected in 1949 1950. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 22: 633 652. Z h a n g N i n g , Z h u a n g Y i o u y u n , We i S h u x i a 1997. Fungal flora of the Dabe Mountains: Uredinales. Mycotaxon 61: 49 79. Grzyby mikroskopijne grabu Carpinus betulus w Polsce S t r e s z c z e n i e Praca zawiera krytyczną listę grzybów mikroskopijnych zebranych na grabie w Polsce. Ogółem odnotowano 115 taksonów, w tym 28 gatunków pasożytniczych. Najliczniejszym ga tunkiem okazał się grzyb Gnomonia fimbriata, odnotowano także bardzo rzadkie gatunki jak Camarops plana, C. polysperma, Lasiosphaeria hirsuta, Lophiostoma curreyi, Nemania atropur purea, Oidium carpini i inne. Stwierdzono także obecność 10 gatunków wyłącznych dla grabu (wyspecjalizowanych troficznie): Camarops plana, Diaporthe carpini, Encoelia carpini, Gno monia fimbriata, Massaria carpinicola, Melampsoridium carpini, Melanconis spodiaea, Oidium carpini, Pezicula carpinea i Phyllosticta carpini. 2014-01-01T11:44:31+0100 Polish Botanical Society