id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ap-830	1	1	ap06_3.vp	ap06_3.vp	NOUN
ap-830	1	2	1	1	NUM
ap-830	1	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ap-830	1	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	1	5	major	major	ADJ
ap-830	1	6	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	1	7	confronting	confront	VERB
ap-830	1	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	9	designer	designer	NOUN
ap-830	1	10	is	be	AUX
ap-830	1	11	to	to	PART
ap-830	1	12	choose	choose	VERB
ap-830	1	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	14	correct	correct	ADJ
ap-830	1	15	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	1	16	for	for	ADP
ap-830	1	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	18	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	1	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	1	20	an	an	DET
ap-830	1	21	individual	individual	ADJ
ap-830	1	22	component	component	NOUN
ap-830	1	23	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	1	24	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	1	25	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	1	26	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	27	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	1	28	properties	property	NOUN
ap-830	1	29	have	have	VERB
ap-830	1	30	to	to	PART
ap-830	1	31	ensure	ensure	VERB
ap-830	1	32	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	1	33	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	34	component	component	NOUN
ap-830	1	35	performs	perform	VERB
ap-830	1	36	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	37	work	work	NOUN
ap-830	1	38	for	for	ADP
ap-830	1	39	which	which	PRON
ap-830	1	40	it	it	PRON
ap-830	1	41	was	be	AUX
ap-830	1	42	designed	design	VERB
ap-830	1	43	without	without	ADP
ap-830	1	44	malfunctioning	malfunction	VERB
ap-830	1	45	throughout	throughout	ADP
ap-830	1	46	its	its	PRON
ap-830	1	47	guarranted	guarrante	VERB
ap-830	1	48	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	1	49	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	1	50	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	1	51	can	can	AUX
ap-830	1	52	be	be	AUX
ap-830	1	53	produced	produce	VERB
ap-830	1	54	for	for	ADP
ap-830	1	55	a	a	DET
ap-830	1	56	price	price	NOUN
ap-830	1	57	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
ap-830	1	58	to	to	ADP
ap-830	1	59	the	the	DET
ap-830	1	60	customer	customer	NOUN
ap-830	1	61	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	2	1	to	to	PART
ap-830	2	2	enable	enable	VERB
ap-830	2	3	this	this	PRON
ap-830	2	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	2	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	2	6	designer	designer	NOUN
ap-830	2	7	needs	need	VERB
ap-830	2	8	to	to	PART
ap-830	2	9	know	know	VERB
ap-830	2	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	2	11	loads	load	NOUN
ap-830	2	12	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	2	13	his	his	PRON
ap-830	2	14	component	component	NOUN
ap-830	2	15	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	2	16	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	2	17	will	will	AUX
ap-830	2	18	be	be	AUX
ap-830	2	19	subjected	subject	VERB
ap-830	2	20	to	to	ADP
ap-830	2	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	2	22	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	2	23	in	in	ADP
ap-830	2	24	which	which	PRON
ap-830	2	25	it	it	PRON
ap-830	2	26	will	will	AUX
ap-830	2	27	act	act	VERB
ap-830	2	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	2	29	the	the	DET
ap-830	2	30	service	service	NOUN
ap-830	2	31	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	2	32	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	2	33	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	2	34	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	2	35	the	the	DET
ap-830	2	36	production	production	NOUN
ap-830	2	37	cost	cost	NOUN
ap-830	2	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	3	1	these	these	DET
ap-830	3	2	factors	factor	NOUN
ap-830	3	3	limit	limit	VERB
ap-830	3	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	3	5	range	range	NOUN
ap-830	3	6	of	of	ADP
ap-830	3	7	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	3	8	for	for	ADP
ap-830	3	9	application	application	NOUN
ap-830	3	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	3	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	3	12	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ
ap-830	3	13	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	3	14	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	4	1	to	to	PART
ap-830	4	2	finalize	finalize	VERB
ap-830	4	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	4	4	selection	selection	NOUN
ap-830	4	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	4	6	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	4	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	4	8	he	he	PRON
ap-830	4	9	needs	need	VERB
ap-830	4	10	to	to	PART
ap-830	4	11	be	be	AUX
ap-830	4	12	aware	aware	ADJ
ap-830	4	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	4	14	their	their	PRON
ap-830	4	15	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ap-830	4	16	under	under	ADP
ap-830	4	17	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	4	18	loadings	loading	NOUN
ap-830	4	19	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	4	20	in	in	ADP
ap-830	4	21	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	4	22	environments	environment	NOUN
ap-830	4	23	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	4	24	i.e.	i.e.	X
ap-830	4	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	4	26	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	4	27	properties	property	NOUN
ap-830	4	28	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	4	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	5	1	knowing	know	VERB
ap-830	5	2	these	these	DET
ap-830	5	3	properties	property	NOUN
ap-830	5	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	5	5	he	he	PRON
ap-830	5	6	must	must	AUX
ap-830	5	7	be	be	AUX
ap-830	5	8	able	able	ADJ
ap-830	5	9	to	to	PART
ap-830	5	10	correlate	correlate	VERB
ap-830	5	11	them	they	PRON
ap-830	5	12	with	with	ADP
ap-830	5	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	5	14	bearing	bearing	NOUN
ap-830	5	15	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ap-830	5	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	5	17	his	his	PRON
ap-830	5	18	proposed	propose	VERB
ap-830	5	19	component	component	NOUN
ap-830	5	20	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	5	21	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	5	22	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	6	1	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	6	2	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	6	3	deals	deal	NOUN
ap-830	6	4	with	with	ADP
ap-830	6	5	these	these	DET
ap-830	6	6	questions	question	NOUN
ap-830	6	7	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	7	1	conventional	conventional	ADJ
ap-830	7	2	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	7	3	assumes	assume	VERB
ap-830	7	4	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	7	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	7	6	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	7	7	is	be	AUX
ap-830	7	8	a	a	DET
ap-830	7	9	flawless	flawless	ADJ
ap-830	7	10	continuum	continuum	ADJ
ap-830	7	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	8	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	8	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	8	3	we	we	PRON
ap-830	8	4	know	know	VERB
ap-830	8	5	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	8	6	rational	rational	ADJ
ap-830	8	7	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	8	8	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	8	9	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	8	10	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ap-830	8	11	require	require	VERB
ap-830	8	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ap-830	8	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	8	14	flaws	flaw	NOUN
ap-830	8	15	in	in	ADP
ap-830	8	16	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	8	17	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	9	1	many	many	ADJ
ap-830	9	2	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	9	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	9	4	components	component	NOUN
ap-830	9	5	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	9	6	structures	structure	NOUN
ap-830	9	7	either	either	CCONJ
ap-830	9	8	have	have	VERB
ap-830	9	9	inherent	inherent	ADJ
ap-830	9	10	defects	defect	NOUN
ap-830	9	11	as	as	ADP
ap-830	9	12	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	9	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	9	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	9	15	production	production	NOUN
ap-830	9	16	routine	routine	NOUN
ap-830	9	17	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	9	18	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	9	19	develop	develop	VERB
ap-830	9	20	them	they	PRON
ap-830	9	21	at	at	ADP
ap-830	9	22	some	some	DET
ap-830	9	23	phase	phase	NOUN
ap-830	9	24	of	of	ADP
ap-830	9	25	their	their	PRON
ap-830	9	26	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	9	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	10	1	comprehension	comprehension	NOUN
ap-830	10	2	of	of	ADP
ap-830	10	3	how	how	SCONJ
ap-830	10	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	10	5	cracked	crack	VERB
ap-830	10	6	body	body	NOUN
ap-830	10	7	conducts	conduct	VERB
ap-830	10	8	itself	itself	PRON
ap-830	10	9	under	under	ADP
ap-830	10	10	loading	loading	NOUN
ap-830	10	11	is	be	AUX
ap-830	10	12	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
ap-830	10	13	to	to	ADP
ap-830	10	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	10	15	explanation	explanation	NOUN
ap-830	10	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	10	17	any	any	DET
ap-830	10	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	10	19	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	10	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	11	1	since	since	SCONJ
ap-830	11	2	much	much	ADJ
ap-830	11	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	11	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	11	5	information	information	NOUN
ap-830	11	6	on	on	ADP
ap-830	11	7	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	11	8	from	from	ADP
ap-830	11	9	both	both	DET
ap-830	11	10	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
ap-830	11	11	experiments	experiment	NOUN
ap-830	11	12	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	11	13	service	service	NOUN
ap-830	11	14	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ap-830	11	15	was	be	AUX
ap-830	11	16	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	11	17	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	11	18	expounded	expound	VERB
ap-830	11	19	before	before	SCONJ
ap-830	11	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	11	21	study	study	NOUN
ap-830	11	22	of	of	ADP
ap-830	11	23	cracked	crack	VERB
ap-830	11	24	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	11	25	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	11	26	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
ap-830	11	27	was	be	AUX
ap-830	11	28	implemented	implement	VERB
ap-830	11	29	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	11	30	no	no	DET
ap-830	11	31	established	establish	VERB
ap-830	11	32	field	field	NOUN
ap-830	11	33	of	of	ADP
ap-830	11	34	study	study	NOUN
ap-830	11	35	correlated	correlate	VERB
ap-830	11	36	the	the	DET
ap-830	11	37	particulars	particular	NOUN
ap-830	11	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	12	1	isolated	isolated	ADJ
ap-830	12	2	sets	set	NOUN
ap-830	12	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	12	4	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	12	5	have	have	AUX
ap-830	12	6	practically	practically	ADV
ap-830	12	7	become	become	VERB
ap-830	12	8	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	12	9	folklore	folklore	NOUN
ap-830	12	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	12	11	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	12	12	their	their	PRON
ap-830	12	13	relation	relation	NOUN
ap-830	12	14	to	to	ADP
ap-830	12	15	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	12	16	groups	group	NOUN
ap-830	12	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	12	18	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	12	19	has	have	AUX
ap-830	12	20	not	not	PART
ap-830	12	21	been	be	AUX
ap-830	12	22	clarified	clarify	VERB
ap-830	12	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	13	1	2	2	NUM
ap-830	13	2	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	13	3	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	13	4	significant	significant	ADJ
ap-830	13	5	publications	publication	NOUN
ap-830	13	6	on	on	ADP
ap-830	13	7	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	13	8	research	research	NOUN
ap-830	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	13	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	13	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	13	12	20th	20th	ADJ
ap-830	13	13	century	century	NOUN
ap-830	13	14	include	include	VERB
ap-830	13	15	forsyth	forsyth	PROPN
ap-830	13	16	[	[	X
ap-830	13	17	1	1	NUM
ap-830	13	18	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	13	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	13	20	on	on	ADP
ap-830	13	21	extrusions	extrusion	NOUN
ap-830	13	22	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	13	23	intrusions	intrusion	NOUN
ap-830	13	24	in	in	ADP
ap-830	13	25	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	13	26	bands	band	NOUN
ap-830	13	27	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	13	28	see	see	VERB
ap-830	13	29	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	13	30	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	14	1	1	1	NUM
ap-830	14	2	.	.	X
ap-830	14	3	three	three	NUM
ap-830	14	4	basic	basic	ADJ
ap-830	14	5	observations	observation	NOUN
ap-830	14	6	are	be	AUX
ap-830	14	7	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	14	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	14	9	importance	importance	NOUN
ap-830	14	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	14	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	14	12	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	14	13	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	14	14	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	14	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	14	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	14	17	irreversibility	irreversibility	NOUN
ap-830	14	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	14	19	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	14	20	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	14	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	14	22	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	14	23	environmental	environmental	ADJ
ap-830	14	24	influences	influence	NOUN
ap-830	14	25	on	on	ADP
ap-830	14	26	microcrack	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	14	27	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	14	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	15	1	for	for	ADP
ap-830	15	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	15	3	most	most	ADJ
ap-830	15	4	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	15	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	15	6	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	15	7	begin	begin	VERB
ap-830	15	8	at	at	ADP
ap-830	15	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	15	10	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	15	11	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	15	12	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	15	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	15	14	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	15	15	in	in	ADP
ap-830	15	16	unnotched	unnotched	ADJ
ap-830	15	17	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	15	18	possessing	possess	VERB
ap-830	15	19	a	a	DET
ap-830	15	20	nominally	nominally	ADV
ap-830	15	21	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ
ap-830	15	22	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	15	23	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ap-830	15	24	loaded	load	VERB
ap-830	15	25	with	with	ADP
ap-830	15	26	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	15	27	tension	tension	NOUN
ap-830	15	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	16	1	there	there	PRON
ap-830	16	2	is	be	VERB
ap-830	16	3	less	less	ADJ
ap-830	16	4	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ap-830	16	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	16	6	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	16	7	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	16	8	than	than	ADP
ap-830	16	9	inside	inside	ADP
ap-830	16	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	16	11	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	16	12	for	for	ADP
ap-830	16	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	16	14	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	16	15	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	16	16	at	at	ADP
ap-830	16	17	one	one	NUM
ap-830	16	18	side	side	NOUN
ap-830	16	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	16	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	16	21	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	16	22	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	16	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	17	1	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	17	2	also	also	ADV
ap-830	17	3	start	start	VERB
ap-830	17	4	more	more	ADV
ap-830	17	5	easily	easily	ADV
ap-830	17	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	17	7	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	17	8	bands	band	NOUN
ap-830	17	9	with	with	ADP
ap-830	17	10	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	17	11	displacements	displacement	NOUN
ap-830	17	12	normal	normal	ADJ
ap-830	17	13	to	to	ADP
ap-830	17	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	17	15	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	17	16	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	18	1	[	[	X
ap-830	18	2	2	2	NUM
ap-830	18	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	18	4	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	19	1	there	there	PRON
ap-830	19	2	remain	remain	VERB
ap-830	19	3	questions	question	NOUN
ap-830	19	4	about	about	ADP
ap-830	19	5	why	why	SCONJ
ap-830	19	6	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	19	7	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	19	8	is	be	AUX
ap-830	19	9	not	not	PART
ap-830	19	10	reversible	reversible	ADJ
ap-830	19	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	20	1	as	as	ADV
ap-830	20	2	far	far	ADV
ap-830	20	3	back	back	ADV
ap-830	20	4	as	as	ADP
ap-830	20	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	20	6	1950s	1950s	NUM
ap-830	20	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	20	8	it	it	PRON
ap-830	20	9	was	be	AUX
ap-830	20	10	understood	understand	VERB
ap-830	20	11	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	20	12	there	there	PRON
ap-830	20	13	are	be	VERB
ap-830	20	14	two	two	NUM
ap-830	20	15	reasons	reason	NOUN
ap-830	20	16	for	for	ADP
ap-830	20	17	non	non	ADJ
ap-830	20	18	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	20	19	reversibility	reversibility	NOUN
ap-830	20	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	21	1	one	one	NUM
ap-830	21	2	argument	argument	NOUN
ap-830	21	3	is	be	AUX
ap-830	21	4	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	21	5	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	21	6	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	21	7	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	21	8	strain	strain	NOUN
ap-830	21	9	hardening	hardening	NOUN
ap-830	21	10	occurs	occur	NOUN
ap-830	21	11	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	21	12	which	which	PRON
ap-830	21	13	implies	imply	VERB
ap-830	21	14	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	21	15	not	not	PART
ap-830	21	16	all	all	DET
ap-830	21	17	dislocations	dislocation	NOUN
ap-830	21	18	return	return	VERB
ap-830	21	19	to	to	ADP
ap-830	21	20	their	their	PRON
ap-830	21	21	original	original	ADJ
ap-830	21	22	position	position	NOUN
ap-830	21	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	22	1	another	another	DET
ap-830	22	2	important	important	ADJ
ap-830	22	3	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	22	4	is	be	AUX
ap-830	22	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	22	6	interaction	interaction	NOUN
ap-830	22	7	with	with	ADP
ap-830	22	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	22	9	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	22	10	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	23	1	a	a	DET
ap-830	23	2	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	23	3	step	step	NOUN
ap-830	23	4	at	at	ADP
ap-830	23	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	23	6	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	23	7	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	23	8	implies	imply	VERB
ap-830	23	9	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	23	10	fresh	fresh	ADJ
ap-830	23	11	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	23	12	is	be	AUX
ap-830	23	13	exposed	expose	VERB
ap-830	23	14	to	to	ADP
ap-830	23	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	23	16	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	23	17	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	24	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	24	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	24	3	non	non	ADJ
ap-830	24	4	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	24	5	inert	inert	ADJ
ap-830	24	6	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	24	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	24	8	most	most	ADJ
ap-830	24	9	technical	technical	ADJ
ap-830	24	10	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	24	11	are	be	AUX
ap-830	24	12	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
ap-830	24	13	covered	cover	VERB
ap-830	24	14	with	with	ADP
ap-830	24	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	24	16	thin	thin	ADJ
ap-830	24	17	oxide	oxide	NOUN
ap-830	24	18	layer	layer	NOUN
ap-830	24	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	24	20	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	24	21	some	some	DET
ap-830	24	22	chemisorption	chemisorption	NOUN
ap-830	24	23	of	of	ADP
ap-830	24	24	foreign	foreign	ADJ
ap-830	24	25	atoms	atom	NOUN
ap-830	24	26	of	of	ADP
ap-830	24	27	the	the	DET
ap-830	24	28	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	24	29	occurs	occur	VERB
ap-830	24	30	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	25	1	exact	exact	ADJ
ap-830	25	2	reversibility	reversibility	NOUN
ap-830	25	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	25	4	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	25	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	25	6	then	then	ADV
ap-830	25	7	obviated	obviate	VERB
ap-830	25	8	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	26	1	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	26	2	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	26	3	is	be	AUX
ap-830	26	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	26	5	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	26	6	effect	effect	NOUN
ap-830	26	7	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	27	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	27	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	27	3	mid	mid	ADJ
ap-830	27	4	20th	20th	ADJ
ap-830	27	5	century	century	NOUN
ap-830	27	6	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	27	7	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
ap-830	27	8	investigations	investigation	NOUN
ap-830	27	9	were	be	AUX
ap-830	27	10	still	still	ADV
ap-830	27	11	made	make	VERB
ap-830	27	12	with	with	ADP
ap-830	27	13	an	an	DET
ap-830	27	14	optical	optical	ADJ
ap-830	27	15	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	27	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	28	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	28	2	implies	imply	VERB
ap-830	28	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	28	4	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	28	5	nucleation	nucleation	NOUN
ap-830	28	6	was	be	AUX
ap-830	28	7	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	28	8	on	on	ADP
ap-830	28	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	28	10	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	28	11	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	28	12	where	where	SCONJ
ap-830	28	13	it	it	PRON
ap-830	28	14	indeed	indeed	ADV
ap-830	28	15	occurs	occur	VERB
ap-830	28	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	29	1	as	as	ADV
ap-830	29	2	soon	soon	ADV
ap-830	29	3	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	29	4	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	29	5	grow	grow	VERB
ap-830	29	6	into	into	ADP
ap-830	29	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	29	8	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	29	9	away	away	ADV
ap-830	29	10	from	from	ADP
ap-830	29	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	29	12	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	29	13	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	29	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	29	15	only	only	ADV
ap-830	29	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	29	17	ends	end	NOUN
ap-830	29	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	29	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	29	20	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	29	21	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	29	22	can	can	AUX
ap-830	29	23	be	be	AUX
ap-830	29	24	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	29	25	on	on	ADP
ap-830	29	26	that	that	DET
ap-830	29	27	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	29	28	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	29	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	30	1	it	it	PRON
ap-830	30	2	is	be	AUX
ap-830	30	3	questionable	questionable	ADJ
ap-830	30	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
ap-830	30	5	this	this	DET
ap-830	30	6	information	information	NOUN
ap-830	30	7	is	be	AUX
ap-830	30	8	representative	representative	NOUN
ap-830	30	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	30	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	30	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	30	12	process	process	NOUN
ap-830	30	13	inside	inside	ADP
ap-830	30	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	30	15	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	30	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	30	17	a	a	DET
ap-830	30	18	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	30	19	that	that	PRON
ap-830	30	20	is	be	AUX
ap-830	30	21	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ap-830	30	22	overlooked	overlook	VERB
ap-830	30	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	31	1	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
ap-830	31	2	observations	observation	NOUN
ap-830	31	3	on	on	ADP
ap-830	31	4	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	31	5	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	31	6	inside	inside	ADP
ap-830	31	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	31	8	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	31	9	require	require	VERB
ap-830	31	10	cross	cros	NOUN
ap-830	31	11	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	31	12	sections	section	NOUN
ap-830	31	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	31	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	31	15	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	31	16	are	be	AUX
ap-830	31	17	made	make	VERB
ap-830	31	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	32	1	several	several	ADJ
ap-830	32	2	investiga34	investiga34	NOUN
ap-830	32	3	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	32	4	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	32	5	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	32	6	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	32	7	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	32	8	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	32	9	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	32	10	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	32	11	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	32	12	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	32	13	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	33	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	33	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	33	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	34	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	34	2	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	34	3	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	34	4	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	34	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	34	6	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	34	7	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	34	8	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	34	9	features	feature	VERB
ap-830	34	10	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	34	11	brož	brož	NOUN
ap-830	34	12	this	this	DET
ap-830	34	13	paper	paper	NOUN
ap-830	34	14	presents	present	VERB
ap-830	34	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	34	16	summary	summary	NOUN
ap-830	34	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	34	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	34	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	34	20	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	34	21	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	34	22	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	34	23	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	34	24	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	34	25	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	34	26	fractographic	fractographic	ADJ
ap-830	34	27	findings	finding	NOUN
ap-830	34	28	for	for	ADP
ap-830	34	29	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	34	30	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	34	31	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	35	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	35	2	purpose	purpose	NOUN
ap-830	35	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	35	4	this	this	DET
ap-830	35	5	paper	paper	NOUN
ap-830	35	6	is	be	AUX
ap-830	35	7	to	to	PART
ap-830	35	8	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
ap-830	35	9	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	35	10	summarize	summarize	VERB
ap-830	35	11	some	some	DET
ap-830	35	12	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ap-830	35	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	35	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	35	15	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	35	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	35	17	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	35	18	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	35	19	structures	structure	NOUN
ap-830	35	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	36	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ap-830	36	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	36	3	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	36	4	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	36	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	6	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	36	7	toughness	toughness	NOUN
ap-830	36	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	9	macro	macro	NOUN
ap-830	36	10	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	36	11	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	36	12	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
ap-830	36	13	appearance	appearance	NOUN
ap-830	36	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	15	microcrack	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	36	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	17	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	36	18	band	band	NOUN
ap-830	36	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	20	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	36	21	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	36	22	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	23	striation	striation	NOUN
ap-830	36	24	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	25	subgrain	subgrain	NOUN
ap-830	36	26	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	36	27	transcrystalline	transcrystalline	NOUN
ap-830	36	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	37	1	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	37	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	38	1	1	1	NUM
ap-830	38	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	38	3	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	38	4	geometry	geometry	NOUN
ap-830	38	5	at	at	ADP
ap-830	38	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	38	7	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	38	8	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	38	9	according	accord	VERB
ap-830	38	10	to	to	ADP
ap-830	38	11	forsyth	forsyth	NOUN
ap-830	38	12	[	[	X
ap-830	38	13	1	1	NUM
ap-830	38	14	]	]	X
ap-830	38	15	tions	tion	NOUN
ap-830	38	16	employing	employ	VERB
ap-830	38	17	sectioning	section	VERB
ap-830	38	18	were	be	AUX
ap-830	38	19	made	make	VERB
ap-830	38	20	in	in	ADP
ap-830	38	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	38	22	1950s	1950	NOUN
ap-830	38	23	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	38	24	earlier	early	ADV
ap-830	38	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	39	1	these	these	PRON
ap-830	39	2	showed	show	VERB
ap-830	39	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	39	4	in	in	ADP
ap-830	39	5	most	most	ADJ
ap-830	39	6	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	39	7	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	39	8	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	39	9	grow	grow	VERB
ap-830	39	10	transcrystalline	transcrystalline	ADJ
ap-830	39	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	40	1	although	although	SCONJ
ap-830	40	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	40	3	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	40	4	fractures	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	40	5	appeared	appear	VERB
ap-830	40	6	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	40	7	flat	flat	ADJ
ap-830	40	8	to	to	ADP
ap-830	40	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	40	10	unaided	unaided	ADJ
ap-830	40	11	eye	eye	NOUN
ap-830	40	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	40	13	it	it	PRON
ap-830	40	14	turned	turn	VERB
ap-830	40	15	out	out	ADP
ap-830	40	16	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	40	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	40	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	40	19	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	40	20	path	path	NOUN
ap-830	40	21	under	under	ADP
ap-830	40	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	40	23	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	40	24	could	could	AUX
ap-830	40	25	be	be	AUX
ap-830	40	26	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	40	27	irregular	irregular	ADJ
ap-830	40	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	40	29	depending	depend	VERB
ap-830	40	30	on	on	ADP
ap-830	40	31	the	the	DET
ap-830	40	32	type	type	NOUN
ap-830	40	33	of	of	ADP
ap-830	40	34	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	40	35	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	41	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	41	2	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	41	3	with	with	ADP
ap-830	41	4	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	41	5	stacking	stacking	NOUN
ap-830	41	6	fault	fault	NOUN
ap-830	41	7	energy	energy	NOUN
ap-830	41	8	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	41	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ap-830	41	10	cuand	cuand	VERB
ap-830	41	11	ni	ni	NOUN
ap-830	41	12	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	41	13	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	41	14	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	41	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	41	16	cross	cross	NOUN
ap-830	41	17	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	41	18	is	be	AUX
ap-830	41	19	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ap-830	41	20	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	41	21	as	as	ADP
ap-830	41	22	a	a	DET
ap-830	41	23	result	result	NOUN
ap-830	41	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	41	25	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	41	26	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	41	27	bands	band	NOUN
ap-830	41	28	are	be	AUX
ap-830	41	29	narrow	narrow	ADJ
ap-830	41	30	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	41	31	straight	straight	ADJ
ap-830	41	32	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	42	1	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	42	2	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	42	3	on	on	ADP
ap-830	42	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	42	5	microscale	microscale	NOUN
ap-830	42	6	occurs	occur	VERB
ap-830	42	7	in	in	ADP
ap-830	42	8	straight	straight	ADJ
ap-830	42	9	segments	segment	NOUN
ap-830	42	10	along	along	ADP
ap-830	42	11	these	these	DET
ap-830	42	12	bands	band	NOUN
ap-830	42	13	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	43	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	43	2	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	43	3	with	with	ADP
ap-830	43	4	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	43	5	stacking	stacking	NOUN
ap-830	43	6	fault	fault	NOUN
ap-830	43	7	energy	energy	NOUN
ap-830	43	8	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	43	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ap-830	43	10	al	al	PROPN
ap-830	43	11	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	43	12	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	43	13	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	43	14	cross	cross	NOUN
ap-830	43	15	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	43	16	is	be	AUX
ap-830	43	17	easy	easy	ADJ
ap-830	43	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	44	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ap-830	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	44	3	in	in	ADP
ap-830	44	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	44	5	al	al	PROPN
ap-830	44	6	crystal	crystal	PROPN
ap-830	44	7	lattice	lattice	PROPN
ap-830	44	8	there	there	PRON
ap-830	44	9	are	be	VERB
ap-830	44	10	many	many	ADJ
ap-830	44	11	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	44	12	systems	system	NOUN
ap-830	44	13	which	which	PRON
ap-830	44	14	can	can	AUX
ap-830	44	15	easily	easily	ADV
ap-830	44	16	be	be	AUX
ap-830	44	17	activated	activate	VERB
ap-830	44	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	45	1	as	as	ADP
ap-830	45	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	45	3	consequence	consequence	NOUN
ap-830	45	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	45	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	45	6	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	45	7	lines	line	NOUN
ap-830	45	8	are	be	AUX
ap-830	45	9	wider	wide	ADJ
ap-830	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	45	11	can	can	AUX
ap-830	45	12	be	be	AUX
ap-830	45	13	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	45	14	wavy	wavy	ADJ
ap-830	45	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	46	1	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	46	2	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	46	3	on	on	ADP
ap-830	46	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	46	5	micro	micro	ADJ
ap-830	46	6	scale	scale	NOUN
ap-830	46	7	does	do	AUX
ap-830	46	8	not	not	PART
ap-830	46	9	suggest	suggest	VERB
ap-830	46	10	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	46	11	it	it	PRON
ap-830	46	12	occurs	occur	VERB
ap-830	46	13	along	along	ADP
ap-830	46	14	crystallographic	crystallographic	ADJ
ap-830	46	15	planes	plane	NOUN
ap-830	46	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	47	1	as	as	ADP
ap-830	47	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	47	3	result	result	NOUN
ap-830	47	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	47	5	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	47	6	on	on	ADP
ap-830	47	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	47	8	microscale	microscale	NOUN
ap-830	47	9	can	can	AUX
ap-830	47	10	be	be	AUX
ap-830	47	11	significantly	significantly	ADV
ap-830	47	12	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	47	13	for	for	ADP
ap-830	47	14	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	47	15	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	47	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	48	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	48	2	behavior	behavior	NOUN
ap-830	48	3	is	be	AUX
ap-830	48	4	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	48	5	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	48	6	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
ap-830	48	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	8	depending	depend	VERB
ap-830	48	9	on	on	ADP
ap-830	48	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	48	11	crystal	crystal	NOUN
ap-830	48	12	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	48	13	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	48	14	fcc	fcc	PROPN
ap-830	48	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	16	bcc	bcc	PROPN
ap-830	48	17	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	18	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	48	19	hexagonal	hexagonal	ADJ
ap-830	48	20	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	48	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	48	23	elastic	elastic	ADJ
ap-830	48	24	anisotropy	anisotropy	NOUN
ap-830	48	25	of	of	ADP
ap-830	48	26	the	the	DET
ap-830	48	27	crystalline	crystalline	NOUN
ap-830	48	28	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	48	29	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	30	grain	grain	NOUN
ap-830	48	31	size	size	NOUN
ap-830	48	32	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	33	texture	texture	NOUN
ap-830	48	34	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	35	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	48	36	dislocation	dislocation	NOUN
ap-830	48	37	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
ap-830	48	38	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	48	39	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ap-830	48	40	pearlite	pearlite	NOUN
ap-830	48	41	bands	band	NOUN
ap-830	48	42	in	in	ADP
ap-830	48	43	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	48	44	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	45	precipitated	precipitate	VERB
ap-830	48	46	zones	zone	NOUN
ap-830	48	47	in	in	ADP
ap-830	48	48	al	al	PROPN
ap-830	48	49	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	48	50	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	48	51	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	52	twins	twin	NOUN
ap-830	48	53	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	48	54	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	48	55	so	so	ADV
ap-830	48	56	on	on	ADV
ap-830	48	57	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	48	58	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	49	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	49	2	outset	outset	NOUN
ap-830	49	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	49	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	49	5	damage	damage	NOUN
ap-830	49	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	49	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	49	8	cyclically	cyclically	ADV
ap-830	49	9	stressed	stress	VERB
ap-830	49	10	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	49	11	is	be	AUX
ap-830	49	12	tied	tie	VERB
ap-830	49	13	in	in	ADP
ap-830	49	14	with	with	ADP
ap-830	49	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	49	16	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	49	17	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	49	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	50	1	there	there	PRON
ap-830	50	2	is	be	VERB
ap-830	50	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	50	4	following	follow	VERB
ap-830	50	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ap-830	50	6	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	50	7	damage	damage	NOUN
ap-830	50	8	in	in	ADP
ap-830	50	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	50	10	polycrystalline	polycrystalline	ADJ
ap-830	50	11	ductile	ductile	NOUN
ap-830	50	12	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	50	13	is	be	AUX
ap-830	50	14	connected	connect	VERB
ap-830	50	15	with	with	ADP
ap-830	50	16	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	50	17	having	have	VERB
ap-830	50	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	50	19	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	50	20	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	50	21	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	50	22	than	than	ADP
ap-830	50	23	those	those	PRON
ap-830	50	24	within	within	ADP
ap-830	50	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	50	26	body	body	NOUN
ap-830	50	27	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	50	28	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	50	29	i	i	NOUN
ap-830	50	30	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	50	31	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	50	32	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	50	33	are	be	AUX
ap-830	50	34	in	in	ADP
ap-830	50	35	intimate	intimate	ADJ
ap-830	50	36	touch	touch	NOUN
ap-830	50	37	with	with	ADP
ap-830	50	38	the	the	DET
ap-830	50	39	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN
ap-830	50	40	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	50	41	thus	thus	ADV
ap-830	50	42	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	50	43	the	the	DET
ap-830	50	44	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	50	45	is	be	AUX
ap-830	50	46	a	a	DET
ap-830	50	47	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	50	48	in	in	ADP
ap-830	50	49	the	the	DET
ap-830	50	50	damage	damage	NOUN
ap-830	50	51	process	process	NOUN
ap-830	50	52	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	50	53	they	they	PRON
ap-830	50	54	are	be	AUX
ap-830	50	55	apparently	apparently	ADV
ap-830	50	56	more	more	ADV
ap-830	50	57	receptive	receptive	ADJ
ap-830	50	58	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	51	1	a	a	DET
ap-830	51	2	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	51	3	grain	grain	NOUN
ap-830	51	4	is	be	AUX
ap-830	51	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	51	6	only	only	ADJ
ap-830	51	7	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	51	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	51	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	51	10	polycrystal	polycrystal	NOUN
ap-830	51	11	not	not	PART
ap-830	51	12	fully	fully	ADV
ap-830	51	13	supported	support	VERB
ap-830	51	14	by	by	ADP
ap-830	51	15	adjoining	adjoining	ADJ
ap-830	51	16	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	51	17	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	52	1	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	52	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	52	3	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	52	4	systems	system	NOUN
ap-830	52	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	52	6	neighbouring	neighbouring	ADJ
ap-830	52	7	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	52	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	52	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	52	10	polycrystal	polycrystal	NOUN
ap-830	52	11	are	be	AUX
ap-830	52	12	not	not	PART
ap-830	52	13	related	relate	VERB
ap-830	52	14	to	to	ADP
ap-830	52	15	each	each	DET
ap-830	52	16	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	52	17	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	52	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	52	19	grain	grain	NOUN
ap-830	52	20	having	have	VERB
ap-830	52	21	a	a	DET
ap-830	52	22	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	52	23	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	52	24	will	will	AUX
ap-830	52	25	be	be	AUX
ap-830	52	26	able	able	ADJ
ap-830	52	27	to	to	PART
ap-830	52	28	deform	deform	VERB
ap-830	52	29	plastically	plastically	ADV
ap-830	52	30	more	more	ADV
ap-830	52	31	easily	easily	ADV
ap-830	52	32	than	than	ADP
ap-830	52	33	a	a	DET
ap-830	52	34	grain	grain	NOUN
ap-830	52	35	in	in	ADP
ap-830	52	36	the	the	DET
ap-830	52	37	body	body	NOUN
ap-830	52	38	of	of	ADP
ap-830	52	39	the	the	DET
ap-830	52	40	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	52	41	that	that	PRON
ap-830	52	42	is	be	AUX
ap-830	52	43	surrounded	surround	VERB
ap-830	52	44	by	by	ADP
ap-830	52	45	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	52	46	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	52	47	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	53	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	53	2	ii	ii	X
ap-830	53	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	53	4	it	it	PRON
ap-830	53	5	has	have	AUX
ap-830	53	6	been	be	AUX
ap-830	53	7	shown	show	VERB
ap-830	53	8	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	53	9	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	53	10	a	a	DET
ap-830	53	11	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	53	12	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	53	13	is	be	AUX
ap-830	53	14	stopped	stop	VERB
ap-830	53	15	after	after	ADP
ap-830	53	16	some	some	DET
ap-830	53	17	fraction	fraction	NOUN
ap-830	53	18	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	53	19	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
ap-830	53	20	20	20	NUM
ap-830	53	21	per	per	ADP
ap-830	53	22	cent	cent	NOUN
ap-830	53	23	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	53	24	of	of	ADP
ap-830	53	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	26	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	53	27	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	53	28	of	of	ADP
ap-830	53	29	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	30	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	53	31	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	53	32	a	a	DET
ap-830	53	33	thin	thin	ADJ
ap-830	53	34	layer	layer	NOUN
ap-830	53	35	of	of	ADP
ap-830	53	36	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	53	37	is	be	AUX
ap-830	53	38	removed	remove	VERB
ap-830	53	39	from	from	ADP
ap-830	53	40	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	41	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	53	42	section	section	NOUN
ap-830	53	43	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	53	44	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	53	45	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	46	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	53	47	is	be	AUX
ap-830	53	48	continued	continue	VERB
ap-830	53	49	at	at	ADP
ap-830	53	50	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	51	same	same	ADJ
ap-830	53	52	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	53	53	level	level	NOUN
ap-830	53	54	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	53	55	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	56	total	total	ADJ
ap-830	53	57	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	53	58	of	of	ADP
ap-830	53	59	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	60	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	53	61	is	be	AUX
ap-830	53	62	longer	long	ADJ
ap-830	53	63	than	than	ADP
ap-830	53	64	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	65	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	53	66	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	53	67	of	of	ADP
ap-830	53	68	the	the	DET
ap-830	53	69	original	original	ADJ
ap-830	53	70	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	53	71	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	54	1	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	54	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	54	3	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	54	4	layer	layer	NOUN
ap-830	54	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	54	6	removed	remove	VERB
ap-830	54	7	at	at	ADP
ap-830	54	8	frequent	frequent	ADJ
ap-830	54	9	intervals	interval	NOUN
ap-830	54	10	throughout	throughout	ADP
ap-830	54	11	a	a	DET
ap-830	54	12	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	54	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	54	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	15	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	54	16	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	54	17	may	may	AUX
ap-830	54	18	be	be	AUX
ap-830	54	19	exceeded	exceed	VERB
ap-830	54	20	many	many	ADJ
ap-830	54	21	times	time	NOUN
ap-830	54	22	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	54	23	in	in	ADP
ap-830	54	24	fact	fact	NOUN
ap-830	54	25	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	54	26	provided	provide	VERB
ap-830	54	27	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	54	28	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	29	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	54	30	amplitude	amplitude	NOUN
ap-830	54	31	is	be	AUX
ap-830	54	32	maintained	maintain	VERB
ap-830	54	33	constant	constant	ADJ
ap-830	54	34	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	54	35	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	36	frequency	frequency	NOUN
ap-830	54	37	of	of	ADP
ap-830	54	38	removal	removal	NOUN
ap-830	54	39	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	54	40	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	41	depth	depth	NOUN
ap-830	54	42	of	of	ADP
ap-830	54	43	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	44	removed	remove	VERB
ap-830	54	45	layer	layer	NOUN
ap-830	54	46	are	be	AUX
ap-830	54	47	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ap-830	54	48	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	54	49	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	50	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	54	51	will	will	AUX
ap-830	54	52	be	be	AUX
ap-830	54	53	limited	limit	VERB
ap-830	54	54	only	only	ADV
ap-830	54	55	by	by	ADP
ap-830	54	56	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	57	initial	initial	ADJ
ap-830	54	58	cross	cross	ADJ
ap-830	54	59	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	54	60	sectional	sectional	ADJ
ap-830	54	61	area	area	NOUN
ap-830	54	62	of	of	ADP
ap-830	54	63	the	the	DET
ap-830	54	64	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	54	65	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	55	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	55	2	iii	iii	X
ap-830	55	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	55	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	55	5	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	55	6	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	55	7	of	of	ADP
ap-830	55	8	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	55	9	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	55	10	cut	cut	VERB
ap-830	55	11	from	from	ADP
ap-830	55	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	55	13	interior	interior	NOUN
ap-830	55	14	of	of	ADP
ap-830	55	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	55	16	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	55	17	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	55	18	section	section	NOUN
ap-830	55	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	55	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	55	21	larger	large	ADJ
ap-830	55	22	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	55	23	broken	break	VERB
ap-830	55	24	in	in	ADP
ap-830	55	25	reversed	reverse	VERB
ap-830	55	26	direct	direct	ADJ
ap-830	55	27	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	55	28	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	55	29	that	that	ADV
ap-830	55	30	is	is	ADV
ap-830	55	31	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	55	32	cut	cut	VERB
ap-830	55	33	from	from	ADP
ap-830	55	34	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	55	35	which	which	PRON
ap-830	55	36	has	have	AUX
ap-830	55	37	been	be	AUX
ap-830	55	38	subjected	subject	VERB
ap-830	55	39	to	to	ADP
ap-830	55	40	a	a	DET
ap-830	55	41	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	55	42	level	level	NOUN
ap-830	55	43	greater	great	ADJ
ap-830	55	44	than	than	ADP
ap-830	55	45	the	the	DET
ap-830	55	46	plain	plain	ADJ
ap-830	55	47	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	55	48	limit	limit	NOUN
ap-830	55	49	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	55	50	is	be	AUX
ap-830	55	51	not	not	PART
ap-830	55	52	lower	low	ADJ
ap-830	55	53	than	than	ADP
ap-830	55	54	that	that	PRON
ap-830	55	55	of	of	ADP
ap-830	55	56	the	the	DET
ap-830	55	57	virgin	virgin	ADJ
ap-830	55	58	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	55	59	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	56	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	56	2	iv	iv	X
ap-830	56	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	56	4	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	56	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	56	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	56	7	of	of	ADP
ap-830	56	8	a	a	DET
ap-830	56	9	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	56	10	is	be	AUX
ap-830	56	11	hardened	harden	VERB
ap-830	56	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	56	13	either	either	CCONJ
ap-830	56	14	metallurgically	metallurgically	ADV
ap-830	56	15	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	56	16	by	by	ADP
ap-830	56	17	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	56	18	working	working	NOUN
ap-830	56	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	56	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	56	21	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	56	22	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	56	23	of	of	ADP
ap-830	56	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	56	25	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	56	26	en	en	ADP
ap-830	56	27	bloc	bloc	PROPN
ap-830	56	28	may	may	AUX
ap-830	56	29	be	be	AUX
ap-830	56	30	increased	increase	VERB
ap-830	56	31	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	57	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ap-830	57	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	57	3	any	any	DET
ap-830	57	4	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ap-830	57	5	that	that	PRON
ap-830	57	6	softens	soften	VERB
ap-830	57	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	57	8	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	57	9	decreases	decrease	VERB
ap-830	57	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	57	11	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	57	12	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	57	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	57	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	57	15	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	57	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	58	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	58	2	v	v	NOUN
ap-830	58	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	58	4	metallurgical	metallurgical	ADJ
ap-830	58	5	examination	examination	NOUN
ap-830	58	6	of	of	ADP
ap-830	58	7	broken	broken	ADJ
ap-830	58	8	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	58	9	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	58	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	58	11	nominally	nominally	ADV
ap-830	58	12	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ
ap-830	58	13	metallic	metallic	ADJ
ap-830	58	14	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	58	15	which	which	PRON
ap-830	58	16	have	have	AUX
ap-830	58	17	been	be	AUX
ap-830	58	18	subjected	subject	VERB
ap-830	58	19	to	to	ADP
ap-830	58	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	58	21	uniform	uniform	ADJ
ap-830	58	22	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	58	23	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ap-830	58	24	over	over	ADP
ap-830	58	25	their	their	PRON
ap-830	58	26	cross	cross	NOUN
ap-830	58	27	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	58	28	section	section	NOUN
ap-830	58	29	does	do	AUX
ap-830	58	30	not	not	PART
ap-830	58	31	reveal	reveal	VERB
ap-830	58	32	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	58	33	in	in	ADP
ap-830	58	34	the	the	DET
ap-830	58	35	body	body	NOUN
ap-830	58	36	of	of	ADP
ap-830	58	37	the	the	DET
ap-830	58	38	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	58	39	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	59	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	59	2	certain	certain	ADJ
ap-830	59	3	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
ap-830	59	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	59	5	however	however	ADV
ap-830	59	6	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	59	7	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	59	8	may	may	AUX
ap-830	59	9	form	form	VERB
ap-830	59	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	59	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	59	12	interior	interior	NOUN
ap-830	59	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	59	14	a	a	DET
ap-830	59	15	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	59	16	at	at	ADP
ap-830	59	17	inclusions	inclusion	NOUN
ap-830	59	18	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	59	19	flaws	flaw	NOUN
ap-830	59	20	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	59	21	below	below	ADP
ap-830	59	22	hardened	hardened	ADJ
ap-830	59	23	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	59	24	layers	layer	NOUN
ap-830	59	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	60	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	60	2	onset	onset	NOUN
ap-830	60	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	60	4	damage	damage	NOUN
ap-830	60	5	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	60	6	cracking	cracking	NOUN
ap-830	60	7	is	be	AUX
ap-830	60	8	thus	thus	ADV
ap-830	60	9	associated	associate	VERB
ap-830	60	10	with	with	ADP
ap-830	60	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	60	12	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	60	13	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	60	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	60	15	only	only	ADV
ap-830	60	16	those	those	DET
ap-830	60	17	grains	grain	NOUN
ap-830	60	18	in	in	ADP
ap-830	60	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	60	20	body	body	NOUN
ap-830	60	21	of	of	ADP
ap-830	60	22	a	a	DET
ap-830	60	23	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	60	24	through	through	ADP
ap-830	60	25	which	which	PRON
ap-830	60	26	a	a	DET
ap-830	60	27	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	60	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	60	29	formed	form	VERB
ap-830	60	30	in	in	ADP
ap-830	60	31	a	a	DET
ap-830	60	32	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	60	33	grain	grain	NOUN
ap-830	60	34	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	60	35	passes	pass	VERB
ap-830	60	36	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	60	37	it	it	PRON
ap-830	60	38	grows	grow	VERB
ap-830	60	39	across	across	ADP
ap-830	60	40	the	the	DET
ap-830	60	41	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	60	42	being	be	AUX
ap-830	60	43	damaged	damage	VERB
ap-830	60	44	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	61	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	61	2	means	mean	VERB
ap-830	61	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	61	4	it	it	PRON
ap-830	61	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	61	6	relatively	relatively	ADV
ap-830	61	7	simple	simple	ADJ
ap-830	61	8	to	to	PART
ap-830	61	9	make	make	VERB
ap-830	61	10	a	a	DET
ap-830	61	11	direct	direct	ADJ
ap-830	61	12	observation	observation	NOUN
ap-830	61	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	61	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	61	15	progressive	progressive	ADJ
ap-830	61	16	development	development	NOUN
ap-830	61	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	61	18	cracking	crack	VERB
ap-830	61	19	during	during	ADP
ap-830	61	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	61	21	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	61	22	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	61	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	62	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	62	2	general	general	ADJ
ap-830	62	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	62	4	only	only	ADV
ap-830	62	5	one	one	NUM
ap-830	62	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	62	7	penetrates	penetrate	NOUN
ap-830	62	8	into	into	ADP
ap-830	62	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	62	10	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	62	11	to	to	ADP
ap-830	62	12	any	any	DET
ap-830	62	13	considerable	considerable	ADJ
ap-830	62	14	depth	depth	NOUN
ap-830	62	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	62	16	but	but	CCONJ
ap-830	62	17	many	many	ADJ
ap-830	62	18	additional	additional	ADJ
ap-830	62	19	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	62	20	may	may	AUX
ap-830	62	21	be	be	AUX
ap-830	62	22	visible	visible	ADJ
ap-830	62	23	to	to	ADP
ap-830	62	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	62	25	naked	naked	ADJ
ap-830	62	26	eye	eye	NOUN
ap-830	62	27	on	on	ADP
ap-830	62	28	the	the	DET
ap-830	62	29	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	62	30	of	of	ADP
ap-830	62	31	soft	soft	ADJ
ap-830	62	32	metals	metal	NOUN
ap-830	62	33	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	62	34	for	for	ADP
ap-830	62	35	example	example	NOUN
ap-830	62	36	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	62	37	copper	copper	NOUN
ap-830	62	38	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	62	39	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	62	40	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	62	41	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	62	42	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	62	43	especially	especially	ADV
ap-830	62	44	when	when	SCONJ
ap-830	62	45	tested	test	VERB
ap-830	62	46	at	at	ADP
ap-830	62	47	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	62	48	levels	level	NOUN
ap-830	62	49	giving	give	VERB
ap-830	62	50	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	62	51	after	after	ADP
ap-830	62	52	relatively	relatively	ADV
ap-830	62	53	short	short	ADJ
ap-830	62	54	endurance	endurance	NOUN
ap-830	62	55	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	62	56	say	say	INTJ
ap-830	62	57	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	62	58	less	less	ADJ
ap-830	62	59	than	than	ADP
ap-830	62	60	105	105	NUM
ap-830	62	61	cycles	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	62	62	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	62	63	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	63	1	on	on	ADP
ap-830	63	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	63	3	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	63	4	hand	hand	NOUN
ap-830	63	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	63	6	no	no	DET
ap-830	63	7	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	63	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	63	9	with	with	ADP
ap-830	63	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	63	11	exception	exception	NOUN
ap-830	63	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	63	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	63	14	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	63	15	leading	lead	VERB
ap-830	63	16	to	to	ADP
ap-830	63	17	complete	complete	ADJ
ap-830	63	18	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	63	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	63	20	may	may	AUX
ap-830	63	21	be	be	AUX
ap-830	63	22	visible	visible	ADJ
ap-830	63	23	to	to	ADP
ap-830	63	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	63	25	naked	naked	ADJ
ap-830	63	26	eye	eye	NOUN
ap-830	63	27	on	on	ADP
ap-830	63	28	the	the	DET
ap-830	63	29	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	63	30	of	of	ADP
ap-830	63	31	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	63	32	of	of	ADP
ap-830	63	33	hard	hard	ADJ
ap-830	63	34	metallic	metallic	ADJ
ap-830	63	35	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	63	36	such	such	ADJ
ap-830	63	37	as	as	ADP
ap-830	63	38	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	63	39	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	63	40	steels	steel	NOUN
ap-830	63	41	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	63	42	aluminium	aluminium	NOUN
ap-830	63	43	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	63	44	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	63	45	which	which	PRON
ap-830	63	46	are	be	AUX
ap-830	63	47	light	light	ADJ
ap-830	63	48	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	63	49	hardenable	hardenable	ADJ
ap-830	63	50	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	64	1	3	3	NUM
ap-830	64	2	fractographic	fractographic	NOUN
ap-830	64	3	features	feature	VERB
ap-830	64	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	64	5	milestone	milestone	NOUN
ap-830	64	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	64	7	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ap-830	64	8	research	research	NOUN
ap-830	64	9	was	be	AUX
ap-830	64	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	64	11	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ap-830	64	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	64	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	64	14	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	64	15	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	64	16	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	64	17	em	em	PRON
ap-830	64	18	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	64	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	64	20	originally	originally	ADV
ap-830	64	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	64	22	transmission	transmission	NOUN
ap-830	64	23	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	64	24	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	64	25	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	64	26	tem	tem	PROPN
ap-830	64	27	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	64	28	in	in	ADP
ap-830	64	29	the	the	DET
ap-830	64	30	1950s	1950	NOUN
ap-830	64	31	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	64	32	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	64	33	later	later	ADV
ap-830	64	34	the	the	DET
ap-830	64	35	scanning	scanning	NOUN
ap-830	64	36	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	64	37	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	64	38	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	64	39	sem	sem	NOUN
ap-830	64	40	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	64	41	in	in	ADP
ap-830	64	42	the	the	DET
ap-830	64	43	1970s	1970	NOUN
ap-830	64	44	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	65	1	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
ap-830	65	2	investigations	investigation	NOUN
ap-830	65	3	in	in	ADP
ap-830	65	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	65	5	tem	tem	NOUN
ap-830	65	6	are	be	AUX
ap-830	65	7	more	more	ADV
ap-830	65	8	laborious	laborious	ADJ
ap-830	65	9	than	than	ADP
ap-830	65	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	65	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	65	12	sem	sem	NOUN
ap-830	65	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	65	14	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	65	15	it	it	PRON
ap-830	65	16	is	be	AUX
ap-830	65	17	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ap-830	65	18	to	to	PART
ap-830	65	19	make	make	VERB
ap-830	65	20	either	either	CCONJ
ap-830	65	21	a	a	DET
ap-830	65	22	replica	replica	NOUN
ap-830	65	23	of	of	ADP
ap-830	65	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	65	25	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	65	26	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	65	27	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	65	28	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	65	29	a	a	DET
ap-830	65	30	thin	thin	ADJ
ap-830	65	31	foil	foil	NOUN
ap-830	65	32	of	of	ADP
ap-830	65	33	the	the	DET
ap-830	65	34	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	65	35	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	66	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	66	2	thin	thin	ADJ
ap-830	66	3	foil	foil	NOUN
ap-830	66	4	technique	technique	NOUN
ap-830	66	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	66	6	destructive	destructive	ADJ
ap-830	66	7	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	66	8	does	do	AUX
ap-830	66	9	not	not	PART
ap-830	66	10	show	show	VERB
ap-830	66	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	66	12	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	66	13	fracture	fracture	PROPN
ap-830	66	14	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	66	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	67	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	67	3	information	information	NOUN
ap-830	67	4	on	on	ADP
ap-830	67	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	67	6	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	67	7	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	67	8	can	can	AUX
ap-830	67	9	be	be	AUX
ap-830	67	10	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	67	11	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	67	12	such	such	ADJ
ap-830	67	13	as	as	ADP
ap-830	67	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	67	15	formation	formation	NOUN
ap-830	67	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	67	17	subgrains	subgrain	NOUN
ap-830	67	18	under	under	ADP
ap-830	67	19	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	67	20	loading	loading	NOUN
ap-830	67	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	68	1	investigations	investigation	NOUN
ap-830	68	2	of	of	ADP
ap-830	68	3	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	68	4	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	68	5	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ap-830	68	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	68	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	68	8	sem	sem	NOUN
ap-830	68	9	are	be	AUX
ap-830	68	10	now	now	ADV
ap-830	68	11	a	a	DET
ap-830	68	12	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	68	13	well	well	ADV
ap-830	68	14	standardized	standardized	ADJ
ap-830	68	15	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ap-830	68	16	alternative	alternative	NOUN
ap-830	68	17	which	which	PRON
ap-830	68	18	can	can	AUX
ap-830	68	19	indicate	indicate	VERB
ap-830	68	20	where	where	SCONJ
ap-830	68	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	68	22	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	68	23	fracture	fracture	PROPN
ap-830	68	24	started	start	VERB
ap-830	68	25	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	68	26	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	68	27	in	in	ADP
ap-830	68	28	which	which	DET
ap-830	68	29	directions	direction	NOUN
ap-830	68	30	it	it	PRON
ap-830	68	31	was	be	AUX
ap-830	68	32	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	68	33	[	[	PUNCT
ap-830	68	34	2	2	NUM
ap-830	68	35	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	68	36	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	69	1	a	a	DET
ap-830	69	2	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
ap-830	69	3	observation	observation	NOUN
ap-830	69	4	was	be	AUX
ap-830	69	5	made	make	VERB
ap-830	69	6	with	with	ADP
ap-830	69	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	69	8	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	69	9	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	69	10	around	around	ADP
ap-830	69	11	1960	1960	NUM
ap-830	69	12	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	70	1	fractographic	fractographic	ADJ
ap-830	70	2	pictures	picture	NOUN
ap-830	70	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
ap-830	70	4	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	70	5	which	which	PRON
ap-830	70	6	could	could	AUX
ap-830	70	7	be	be	AUX
ap-830	70	8	correlated	correlate	VERB
ap-830	70	9	with	with	ADP
ap-830	70	10	individual	individual	ADJ
ap-830	70	11	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	70	12	cycles	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	70	13	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	71	1	by	by	ADP
ap-830	71	2	mixing	mix	VERB
ap-830	71	3	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	71	4	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	71	5	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	71	6	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	71	7	cycles	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	71	8	in	in	ADP
ap-830	71	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	71	10	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	71	11	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	71	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	71	13	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ap-830	71	14	of	of	ADP
ap-830	71	15	one	one	NUM
ap-830	71	16	striation	striation	NOUN
ap-830	71	17	per	per	ADP
ap-830	71	18	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	71	19	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	71	20	was	be	AUX
ap-830	71	21	proven	prove	VERB
ap-830	71	22	by	by	ADP
ap-830	71	23	ryder	ryder	PROPN
ap-830	72	1	[	[	X
ap-830	72	2	5	5	NUM
ap-830	72	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	72	4	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	73	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	73	2	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	73	3	are	be	AUX
ap-830	73	4	assumed	assume	VERB
ap-830	73	5	to	to	PART
ap-830	73	6	be	be	AUX
ap-830	73	7	remainders	remainder	NOUN
ap-830	73	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	73	9	microplastic	microplastic	ADJ
ap-830	73	10	deformations	deformation	NOUN
ap-830	73	11	at	at	ADP
ap-830	73	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	73	13	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	73	14	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	73	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	73	16	but	but	CCONJ
ap-830	73	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	73	18	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
ap-830	73	19	can	can	AUX
ap-830	73	20	be	be	AUX
ap-830	73	21	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	73	22	for	for	ADP
ap-830	73	23	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	73	24	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	73	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	74	1	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	74	2	of	of	ADP
ap-830	74	3	microplasticity	microplasticity	NOUN
ap-830	74	4	at	at	ADP
ap-830	74	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	74	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	74	7	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	74	8	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	74	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	74	10	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	74	11	extension	extension	NOUN
ap-830	74	12	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
ap-830	74	13	in	in	ADP
ap-830	74	14	a	a	DET
ap-830	74	15	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	74	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	74	17	it	it	PRON
ap-830	74	18	should	should	AUX
ap-830	74	19	be	be	AUX
ap-830	74	20	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	74	21	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	74	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	74	23	profile	profile	NOUN
ap-830	74	24	of	of	ADP
ap-830	74	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	74	26	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	74	27	depends	depend	VERB
ap-830	74	28	on	on	ADP
ap-830	74	29	the	the	DET
ap-830	74	30	type	type	NOUN
ap-830	74	31	of	of	ADP
ap-830	74	32	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	74	33	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	75	1	terms	term	NOUN
ap-830	75	2	such	such	ADJ
ap-830	75	3	as	as	ADP
ap-830	75	4	ductile	ductile	NOUN
ap-830	75	5	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	75	6	brittle	brittle	ADJ
ap-830	75	7	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	75	8	were	be	AUX
ap-830	75	9	adopted	adopt	VERB
ap-830	75	10	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	76	1	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	76	2	could	could	AUX
ap-830	76	3	not	not	PART
ap-830	76	4	be	be	AUX
ap-830	76	5	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	76	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	76	7	all	all	DET
ap-830	76	8	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	76	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	76	10	at	at	ADP
ap-830	76	11	least	least	ADJ
ap-830	76	12	not	not	PART
ap-830	76	13	equally	equally	ADV
ap-830	76	14	clearly	clearly	ADV
ap-830	76	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	77	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ap-830	77	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	77	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	77	4	visibility	visibility	NOUN
ap-830	77	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	77	6	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	77	7	also	also	ADV
ap-830	77	8	depends	depend	VERB
ap-830	77	9	on	on	ADP
ap-830	77	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	77	11	severity	severity	NOUN
ap-830	77	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	77	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	77	14	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	77	15	cycles	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	77	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	78	1	at	at	ADP
ap-830	78	2	very	very	ADV
ap-830	78	3	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	78	4	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	78	5	amplitudes	amplitude	NOUN
ap-830	78	6	it	it	PRON
ap-830	78	7	may	may	AUX
ap-830	78	8	be	be	AUX
ap-830	78	9	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ap-830	78	10	to	to	PART
ap-830	78	11	see	see	VERB
ap-830	78	12	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	78	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	78	14	although	although	SCONJ
ap-830	78	15	fractographic	fractographic	ADJ
ap-830	78	16	indications	indication	NOUN
ap-830	78	17	were	be	AUX
ap-830	78	18	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	78	19	which	which	PRON
ap-830	78	20	showed	show	VERB
ap-830	78	21	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	78	22	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	78	23	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	78	24	still	still	ADV
ap-830	78	25	occurred	occur	VERB
ap-830	78	26	in	in	ADP
ap-830	78	27	a	a	DET
ap-830	78	28	kind	kind	NOUN
ap-830	78	29	of	of	ADP
ap-830	78	30	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	78	31	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	78	32	by	by	ADP
ap-830	78	33	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	78	34	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	78	35	sequence	sequence	NOUN
ap-830	78	36	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	79	1	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	79	2	have	have	AUX
ap-830	79	3	also	also	ADV
ap-830	79	4	shown	show	VERB
ap-830	79	5	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	79	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	79	7	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	79	8	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	79	9	is	be	AUX
ap-830	79	10	not	not	PART
ap-830	79	11	simply	simply	ADV
ap-830	79	12	a	a	DET
ap-830	79	13	single	single	ADJ
ap-830	79	14	straight	straight	ADJ
ap-830	79	15	line	line	NOUN
ap-830	79	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	79	17	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	79	18	usually	usually	ADV
ap-830	79	19	assumed	assume	VERB
ap-830	79	20	in	in	ADP
ap-830	79	21	fracture	fracture	PROPN
ap-830	79	22	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	79	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ap-830	79	24	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	80	1	noteworthy	noteworthy	ADJ
ap-830	80	2	observations	observation	NOUN
ap-830	80	3	on	on	ADP
ap-830	80	4	this	this	DET
ap-830	80	5	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	80	6	were	be	AUX
ap-830	80	7	made	make	VERB
ap-830	80	8	by	by	ADP
ap-830	80	9	bowles	bowle	NOUN
ap-830	80	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	80	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	80	12	late	late	ADJ
ap-830	80	13	1970s	1970	NOUN
ap-830	81	1	[	[	X
ap-830	81	2	6	6	NUM
ap-830	81	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	81	4	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	82	1	bowles	bowles	PROPN
ap-830	82	2	developed	develop	VERB
ap-830	82	3	a	a	DET
ap-830	82	4	vacuum	vacuum	NOUN
ap-830	82	5	infiltration	infiltration	NOUN
ap-830	82	6	method	method	NOUN
ap-830	82	7	to	to	PART
ap-830	82	8	obtain	obtain	VERB
ap-830	82	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	82	10	plastic	plastic	ADJ
ap-830	82	11	casting	casting	NOUN
ap-830	82	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	82	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	82	14	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	82	15	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	82	16	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	82	17	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	82	18	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	82	19	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	82	20	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	82	21	35	35	NUM
ap-830	82	22	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	82	23	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	82	24	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	82	25	in	in	ADP
ap-830	82	26	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	82	27	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	82	28	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	82	29	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	82	30	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	83	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	83	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	83	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	84	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	84	2	entire	entire	ADJ
ap-830	84	3	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	84	4	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	85	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	85	2	casting	casting	NOUN
ap-830	85	3	could	could	AUX
ap-830	85	4	then	then	ADV
ap-830	85	5	be	be	AUX
ap-830	85	6	studied	study	VERB
ap-830	85	7	in	in	ADP
ap-830	85	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	85	9	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	85	10	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	85	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	86	1	macroscopic	macroscopic	ADJ
ap-830	86	2	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	86	3	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	86	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	86	5	see	see	VERB
ap-830	86	6	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	86	7	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	87	1	2	2	NUM
ap-830	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	87	3	were	be	AUX
ap-830	87	4	well	well	ADV
ap-830	87	5	known	know	VERB
ap-830	87	6	for	for	ADP
ap-830	87	7	aluminium	aluminium	NOUN
ap-830	87	8	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	87	9	from	from	ADP
ap-830	87	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	87	11	early	early	ADJ
ap-830	87	12	1960s	1960	NOUN
ap-830	87	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	87	14	but	but	CCONJ
ap-830	87	15	they	they	PRON
ap-830	87	16	were	be	AUX
ap-830	87	17	also	also	ADV
ap-830	87	18	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	87	19	on	on	ADP
ap-830	87	20	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	87	21	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	87	22	in	in	ADP
ap-830	87	23	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	87	24	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	87	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	88	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	88	2	width	width	NOUN
ap-830	88	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	88	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	88	5	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	88	6	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	88	7	increased	increase	VERB
ap-830	88	8	for	for	ADP
ap-830	88	9	faster	fast	ADJ
ap-830	88	10	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	88	11	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	88	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	88	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	88	14	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	88	15	finally	finally	ADV
ap-830	88	16	a	a	DET
ap-830	88	17	full	full	ADJ
ap-830	88	18	transition	transition	NOUN
ap-830	88	19	from	from	ADP
ap-830	88	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	88	21	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	88	22	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	88	23	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	88	24	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	88	25	to	to	ADP
ap-830	88	26	a	a	DET
ap-830	88	27	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	88	28	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	88	29	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	88	30	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	88	31	can	can	AUX
ap-830	88	32	occur	occur	VERB
ap-830	88	33	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	89	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	89	2	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	89	3	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	89	4	are	be	AUX
ap-830	89	5	a	a	DET
ap-830	89	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	89	7	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
ap-830	89	8	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	89	9	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	89	10	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	89	11	in	in	ADP
ap-830	89	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	89	13	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	89	14	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	89	15	is	be	AUX
ap-830	89	16	not	not	PART
ap-830	89	17	so	so	ADV
ap-830	89	18	constrained	constrain	VERB
ap-830	89	19	in	in	ADP
ap-830	89	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	89	21	thickness	thickness	NOUN
ap-830	89	22	direction	direction	NOUN
ap-830	89	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	90	1	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	90	2	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	90	3	are	be	AUX
ap-830	90	4	macroscopic	macroscopic	ADJ
ap-830	90	5	deviations	deviation	NOUN
ap-830	90	6	from	from	ADP
ap-830	90	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	90	8	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	90	9	i	i	PRON
ap-830	90	10	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	90	11	assumed	assume	VERB
ap-830	90	12	in	in	ADP
ap-830	90	13	a	a	DET
ap-830	90	14	fracture	fracture	ADJ
ap-830	90	15	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	90	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ap-830	90	17	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	91	1	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	91	2	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	91	3	in	in	ADP
ap-830	91	4	thick	thick	ADJ
ap-830	91	5	sections	section	NOUN
ap-830	91	6	can	can	AUX
ap-830	91	7	be	be	AUX
ap-830	91	8	found	find	VERB
ap-830	91	9	largely	largely	ADV
ap-830	91	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	91	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	91	12	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	91	13	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	91	14	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	91	15	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	91	16	i	i	PROPN
ap-830	91	17	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	91	18	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	91	19	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	91	20	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	91	21	are	be	AUX
ap-830	91	22	then	then	ADV
ap-830	91	23	relatively	relatively	ADV
ap-830	91	24	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	91	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	92	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	92	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	92	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	92	4	topography	topography	NOUN
ap-830	92	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	92	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	92	7	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	92	8	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	92	9	area	area	NOUN
ap-830	92	10	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	92	11	in	in	ADP
ap-830	92	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	92	13	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	92	14	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	92	15	indicates	indicate	VERB
ap-830	92	16	a	a	DET
ap-830	92	17	more	more	ADV
ap-830	92	18	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	92	19	less	less	ADV
ap-830	92	20	uneven	uneven	ADJ
ap-830	92	21	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	92	22	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	92	23	although	although	SCONJ
ap-830	92	24	it	it	PRON
ap-830	92	25	appears	appear	VERB
ap-830	92	26	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	92	27	flat	flat	ADJ
ap-830	92	28	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	92	29	viewed	view	VERB
ap-830	92	30	with	with	ADP
ap-830	92	31	the	the	DET
ap-830	92	32	unaided	unaided	ADJ
ap-830	92	33	eye	eye	NOUN
ap-830	92	34	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	93	1	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	93	2	magnifications	magnification	NOUN
ap-830	93	3	clearly	clearly	ADV
ap-830	93	4	show	show	VERB
ap-830	93	5	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	93	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	93	7	fracture	fracture	PROPN
ap-830	93	8	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	93	9	on	on	ADP
ap-830	93	10	a	a	DET
ap-830	93	11	microlevel	microlevel	NOUN
ap-830	93	12	is	be	AUX
ap-830	93	13	not	not	PART
ap-830	93	14	at	at	ADV
ap-830	93	15	all	all	ADV
ap-830	93	16	a	a	DET
ap-830	93	17	nicely	nicely	ADV
ap-830	93	18	flat	flat	ADJ
ap-830	93	19	area	area	NOUN
ap-830	93	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	94	1	it	it	PRON
ap-830	94	2	is	be	AUX
ap-830	94	3	a	a	DET
ap-830	94	4	rather	rather	ADV
ap-830	94	5	irregular	irregular	ADJ
ap-830	94	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	94	7	going	go	VERB
ap-830	94	8	up	up	ADV
ap-830	94	9	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	94	10	down	down	ADV
ap-830	94	11	in	in	ADP
ap-830	94	12	some	some	DET
ap-830	94	13	random	random	ADJ
ap-830	94	14	way	way	NOUN
ap-830	94	15	depending	depend	VERB
ap-830	94	16	on	on	ADP
ap-830	94	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	94	18	microstructure	microstructure	NOUN
ap-830	94	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	94	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	94	21	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	94	22	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	95	1	an	an	DET
ap-830	95	2	inert	inert	ADJ
ap-830	95	3	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	95	4	increases	increase	VERB
ap-830	95	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	95	6	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	95	7	roughness	roughness	NOUN
ap-830	95	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	95	9	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
ap-830	95	10	an	an	DET
ap-830	95	11	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
ap-830	95	12	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	95	13	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	95	14	salt	salt	NOUN
ap-830	95	15	water	water	NOUN
ap-830	95	16	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	95	17	promotes	promote	VERB
ap-830	95	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	95	19	smoother	smooth	ADJ
ap-830	95	20	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	95	21	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	95	22	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	96	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ap-830	96	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	96	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	96	4	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	96	5	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	96	6	are	be	AUX
ap-830	96	7	narrower	narrow	ADJ
ap-830	96	8	in	in	ADP
ap-830	96	9	an	an	DET
ap-830	96	10	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
ap-830	96	11	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	96	12	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	96	13	wider	wide	ADJ
ap-830	96	14	in	in	ADP
ap-830	96	15	an	an	DET
ap-830	96	16	inert	inert	ADJ
ap-830	96	17	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	96	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	97	1	these	these	DET
ap-830	97	2	trends	trend	NOUN
ap-830	97	3	are	be	AUX
ap-830	97	4	associated	associate	VERB
ap-830	97	5	with	with	ADP
ap-830	97	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	97	7	idea	idea	NOUN
ap-830	97	8	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	97	9	an	an	DET
ap-830	97	10	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
ap-830	97	11	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	97	12	stimulates	stimulate	VERB
ap-830	97	13	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	97	14	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	97	15	decohesion	decohesion	NOUN
ap-830	97	16	at	at	ADP
ap-830	97	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	97	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	97	19	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	97	20	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	97	21	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
ap-830	97	22	an	an	DET
ap-830	97	23	inert	inert	ADJ
ap-830	97	24	environment	environment	NOUN
ap-830	97	25	promotes	promote	VERB
ap-830	97	26	shear	shear	ADJ
ap-830	97	27	decohesion	decohesion	NOUN
ap-830	97	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	98	1	it	it	PRON
ap-830	98	2	should	should	AUX
ap-830	98	3	be	be	AUX
ap-830	98	4	understood	understand	VERB
ap-830	98	5	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	98	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	98	7	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	98	8	extension	extension	NOUN
ap-830	98	9	in	in	ADP
ap-830	98	10	a	a	DET
ap-830	98	11	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	98	12	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	98	13	i.e.	i.e.	X
ap-830	98	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	98	15	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	98	16	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	98	17	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	98	18	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	98	19	depends	depend	VERB
ap-830	98	20	on	on	ADP
ap-830	98	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	98	22	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	98	23	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	98	24	resistance	resistance	NOUN
ap-830	98	25	of	of	ADP
ap-830	98	26	the	the	DET
ap-830	98	27	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	98	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	98	29	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	98	30	also	also	ADV
ap-830	98	31	on	on	ADP
ap-830	98	32	the	the	DET
ap-830	98	33	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	98	34	driving	driving	NOUN
ap-830	98	35	force	force	NOUN
ap-830	98	36	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	98	37	which	which	PRON
ap-830	98	38	is	be	AUX
ap-830	98	39	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	98	40	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	98	41	deviations	deviation	NOUN
ap-830	98	42	of	of	ADP
ap-830	98	43	the	the	DET
ap-830	98	44	pure	pure	ADJ
ap-830	98	45	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	98	46	i	i	PRON
ap-830	98	47	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	98	48	geometry	geometry	NOUN
ap-830	98	49	are	be	AUX
ap-830	98	50	present	present	ADJ
ap-830	98	51	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	98	52	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ap-830	98	53	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	98	54	lips	lip	NOUN
ap-830	98	55	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	98	56	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	98	57	camber	camber	NOUN
ap-830	98	58	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	99	1	since	since	SCONJ
ap-830	99	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	99	3	mid	mid	ADJ
ap-830	99	4	20th	20th	ADJ
ap-830	99	5	century	century	NOUN
ap-830	99	6	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	99	7	much	much	ADJ
ap-830	99	8	work	work	NOUN
ap-830	99	9	has	have	AUX
ap-830	99	10	been	be	AUX
ap-830	99	11	done	do	VERB
ap-830	99	12	on	on	ADP
ap-830	99	13	investigating	investigate	VERB
ap-830	99	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	99	15	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
ap-830	99	16	incidence	incidence	NOUN
ap-830	99	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	99	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	99	19	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	99	20	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ap-830	99	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	99	22	using	use	VERB
ap-830	99	23	the	the	DET
ap-830	99	24	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	99	25	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	99	26	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	100	1	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	100	2	collections	collection	NOUN
ap-830	100	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	100	4	electron	electron	NOUN
ap-830	100	5	micrographs	micrograph	NOUN
ap-830	100	6	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
ap-830	100	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	100	8	particulars	particular	NOUN
ap-830	100	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	100	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	100	11	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	100	12	faces	face	NOUN
ap-830	100	13	created	create	VERB
ap-830	100	14	by	by	ADP
ap-830	100	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	100	16	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	100	17	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	100	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	100	19	have	have	AUX
ap-830	100	20	been	be	AUX
ap-830	100	21	published	publish	VERB
ap-830	100	22	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	101	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	101	2	most	most	ADV
ap-830	101	3	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ap-830	101	4	features	feature	NOUN
ap-830	101	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	101	6	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	101	7	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	101	8	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ap-830	101	9	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	101	10	especially	especially	ADV
ap-830	101	11	those	those	PRON
ap-830	101	12	performed	perform	VERB
ap-830	101	13	by	by	ADP
ap-830	101	14	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	101	15	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	101	16	on	on	ADP
ap-830	101	17	90	90	NUM
ap-830	101	18	°	°	NOUN
ap-830	101	19	planes	plane	NOUN
ap-830	101	20	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	101	21	are	be	AUX
ap-830	101	22	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ap-830	101	23	line	line	NOUN
ap-830	101	24	markings	marking	NOUN
ap-830	101	25	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	101	26	parallel	parallel	ADJ
ap-830	101	27	to	to	ADP
ap-830	101	28	each	each	DET
ap-830	101	29	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	101	30	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	101	31	normal	normal	ADJ
ap-830	101	32	to	to	ADP
ap-830	101	33	the	the	DET
ap-830	101	34	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	101	35	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	101	36	direction	direction	NOUN
ap-830	101	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	102	1	these	these	PRON
ap-830	102	2	are	be	AUX
ap-830	102	3	known	know	VERB
ap-830	102	4	as	as	ADP
ap-830	102	5	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	102	6	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	102	7	each	each	DET
ap-830	102	8	striation	striation	NOUN
ap-830	102	9	is	be	AUX
ap-830	102	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	102	11	accordance	accordance	NOUN
ap-830	102	12	with	with	ADP
ap-830	102	13	one	one	NUM
ap-830	102	14	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	102	15	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	102	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	103	1	as	as	ADP
ap-830	103	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	103	3	rule	rule	NOUN
ap-830	103	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	103	5	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	103	6	are	be	AUX
ap-830	103	7	more	more	ADV
ap-830	103	8	clearly	clearly	ADV
ap-830	103	9	defined	define	VERB
ap-830	103	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	103	11	ductile	ductile	NOUN
ap-830	103	12	than	than	ADP
ap-830	103	13	brittle	brittle	ADJ
ap-830	103	14	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	103	15	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	103	16	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ap-830	103	17	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	103	18	in	in	ADP
ap-830	103	19	more	more	ADV
ap-830	103	20	resistant	resistant	ADJ
ap-830	103	21	steels	steel	NOUN
ap-830	103	22	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	103	23	the	the	DET
ap-830	103	24	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	103	25	are	be	AUX
ap-830	103	26	short	short	ADJ
ap-830	103	27	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	103	28	discontinuous	discontinuous	ADJ
ap-830	103	29	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	103	30	their	their	PRON
ap-830	103	31	successive	successive	ADJ
ap-830	103	32	positions	position	NOUN
ap-830	103	33	are	be	AUX
ap-830	103	34	not	not	PART
ap-830	103	35	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
ap-830	103	36	defined	define	VERB
ap-830	103	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	104	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	104	2	presence	presence	NOUN
ap-830	104	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	104	4	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	104	5	on	on	ADP
ap-830	104	6	a	a	DET
ap-830	104	7	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	104	8	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	104	9	is	be	AUX
ap-830	104	10	proof	proof	NOUN
ap-830	104	11	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	104	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	104	13	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	104	14	was	be	AUX
ap-830	104	15	caused	cause	VERB
ap-830	104	16	by	by	ADP
ap-830	104	17	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	104	18	[	[	X
ap-830	104	19	7	7	NUM
ap-830	104	20	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	104	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	104	22	but	but	CCONJ
ap-830	104	23	they	they	PRON
ap-830	104	24	can	can	AUX
ap-830	104	25	not	not	PART
ap-830	104	26	always	always	ADV
ap-830	104	27	be	be	AUX
ap-830	104	28	found	find	VERB
ap-830	104	29	on	on	ADP
ap-830	104	30	all	all	DET
ap-830	104	31	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	104	32	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	104	33	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ap-830	104	34	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	104	35	often	often	ADV
ap-830	104	36	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	104	37	the	the	DET
ap-830	104	38	microscope	microscope	NOUN
ap-830	104	39	used	use	VERB
ap-830	104	40	has	have	VERB
ap-830	104	41	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
ap-830	104	42	resolution	resolution	NOUN
ap-830	104	43	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	105	1	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	105	2	varying	vary	VERB
ap-830	105	3	in	in	ADP
ap-830	105	4	spacing	space	VERB
ap-830	105	5	from	from	ADP
ap-830	105	6	about	about	ADP
ap-830	105	7	2.5	2.5	NUM
ap-830	105	8	mm	mm	NOUN
ap-830	106	1	[	[	X
ap-830	106	2	8	8	NUM
ap-830	106	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	106	4	to	to	ADP
ap-830	106	5	less	less	ADJ
ap-830	106	6	than	than	ADP
ap-830	106	7	2.5×10	2.5×10	NUM
ap-830	106	8	�	�	SYM
ap-830	106	9	5	5	NUM
ap-830	106	10	mm	mm	NOUN
ap-830	107	1	[	[	X
ap-830	107	2	9	9	NUM
ap-830	107	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	107	4	have	have	AUX
ap-830	107	5	been	be	AUX
ap-830	107	6	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	107	7	on	on	ADP
ap-830	107	8	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	107	9	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	107	10	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	108	1	at	at	ADP
ap-830	108	2	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	108	3	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	108	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	108	5	rates	rate	NOUN
ap-830	108	6	they	they	PRON
ap-830	108	7	tend	tend	VERB
ap-830	108	8	to	to	PART
ap-830	108	9	give	give	VERB
ap-830	108	10	way	way	NOUN
ap-830	108	11	to	to	PART
ap-830	108	12	ductile	ductile	VERB
ap-830	108	13	dimples	dimple	NOUN
ap-830	109	1	[	[	X
ap-830	109	2	10	10	NUM
ap-830	109	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	109	4	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	110	1	on	on	ADP
ap-830	110	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	110	3	microscopic	microscopic	ADJ
ap-830	110	4	scale	scale	NOUN
ap-830	110	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	110	6	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	110	7	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	110	8	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	110	9	is	be	AUX
ap-830	110	10	often	often	ADV
ap-830	110	11	an	an	DET
ap-830	110	12	irregular	irregular	ADJ
ap-830	110	13	process	process	NOUN
ap-830	110	14	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	111	1	a	a	DET
ap-830	111	2	study	study	NOUN
ap-830	111	3	[	[	X
ap-830	111	4	11	11	NUM
ap-830	111	5	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	111	6	of	of	ADP
ap-830	111	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	111	8	shape	shape	NOUN
ap-830	111	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	111	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	111	11	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	111	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	111	13	a	a	DET
ap-830	111	14	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	111	15	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	111	16	in	in	ADP
ap-830	111	17	a	a	DET
ap-830	111	18	3.2	3.2	NUM
ap-830	111	19	mm	mm	NOUN
ap-830	111	20	thick	thick	ADJ
ap-830	111	21	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	111	22	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	111	23	sheet	sheet	NOUN
ap-830	111	24	was	be	AUX
ap-830	111	25	made	make	VERB
ap-830	111	26	by	by	ADP
ap-830	111	27	examining	examine	VERB
ap-830	111	28	sections	section	NOUN
ap-830	111	29	on	on	ADP
ap-830	111	30	planes	plane	NOUN
ap-830	111	31	normal	normal	ADJ
ap-830	111	32	to	to	ADP
ap-830	111	33	the	the	DET
ap-830	111	34	direction	direction	NOUN
ap-830	111	35	of	of	ADP
ap-830	111	36	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	111	37	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	111	38	so	so	SCONJ
ap-830	111	39	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	111	40	to	to	PART
ap-830	111	41	eventually	eventually	ADV
ap-830	111	42	intersect	intersect	VERB
ap-830	111	43	the	the	DET
ap-830	111	44	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	111	45	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	111	46	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	112	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	112	2	showed	show	VERB
ap-830	112	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	112	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	112	5	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	112	6	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	112	7	bows	bow	NOUN
ap-830	112	8	forward	forward	ADV
ap-830	112	9	slightly	slightly	ADV
ap-830	112	10	so	so	SCONJ
ap-830	112	11	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	112	12	a	a	DET
ap-830	112	13	section	section	NOUN
ap-830	112	14	can	can	AUX
ap-830	112	15	be	be	AUX
ap-830	112	16	made	make	VERB
ap-830	112	17	with	with	ADP
ap-830	112	18	the	the	DET
ap-830	112	19	leading	lead	VERB
ap-830	112	20	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	112	21	of	of	ADP
ap-830	112	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	112	23	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	112	24	in	in	ADP
ap-830	112	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	112	26	36	36	NUM
ap-830	112	27	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	112	28	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	112	29	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	112	30	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	112	31	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	112	32	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	112	33	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	112	34	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	112	35	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	112	36	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	112	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	113	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	113	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	113	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	114	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	114	2	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	114	3	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	114	4	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	114	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	114	6	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	114	7	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	114	8	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	115	1	2	2	NUM
ap-830	115	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	115	3	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	115	4	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	115	5	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	115	6	with	with	ADP
ap-830	115	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	115	8	transition	transition	NOUN
ap-830	115	9	from	from	ADP
ap-830	115	10	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	115	11	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	115	12	to	to	PART
ap-830	115	13	shear	shear	NOUN
ap-830	115	14	mode	mode	NOUN
ap-830	115	15	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	115	16	taken	take	VERB
ap-830	115	17	from	from	ADP
ap-830	115	18	[	[	X
ap-830	115	19	2	2	NUM
ap-830	115	20	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	115	21	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	115	22	middle	middle	NOUN
ap-830	115	23	of	of	ADP
ap-830	115	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	115	25	sheet	sheet	NOUN
ap-830	115	26	thickness	thickness	NOUN
ap-830	115	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	116	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	116	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	116	3	region	region	NOUN
ap-830	116	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	116	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	116	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	116	7	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	116	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	116	9	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ap-830	116	10	apparently	apparently	ADV
ap-830	116	11	independent	independent	ADJ
ap-830	116	12	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	116	13	were	be	AUX
ap-830	116	14	found	find	VERB
ap-830	116	15	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	116	16	see	see	VERB
ap-830	116	17	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	116	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	117	1	3	3	NUM
ap-830	117	2	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	117	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	118	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	118	2	one	one	NUM
ap-830	118	3	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	118	4	to	to	ADP
ap-830	118	5	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	118	6	one	one	NUM
ap-830	118	7	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN
ap-830	118	8	between	between	ADP
ap-830	118	9	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	118	10	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	118	11	applied	apply	VERB
ap-830	118	12	loads	load	NOUN
ap-830	118	13	was	be	AUX
ap-830	118	14	first	first	ADV
ap-830	118	15	proved	prove	VERB
ap-830	118	16	by	by	ADP
ap-830	118	17	forsyth	forsyth	NOUN
ap-830	118	18	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	118	19	ryder	ryder	NOUN
ap-830	119	1	[	[	X
ap-830	119	2	7	7	NUM
ap-830	119	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	119	4	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	120	1	microhardness	microhardness	ADJ
ap-830	120	2	tests	test	NOUN
ap-830	120	3	taken	take	VERB
ap-830	120	4	on	on	ADP
ap-830	120	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	120	6	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	120	7	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	120	8	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	120	9	indicated	indicate	VERB
ap-830	120	10	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	120	11	a	a	DET
ap-830	120	12	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	120	13	region	region	NOUN
ap-830	120	14	at	at	ADP
ap-830	120	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	120	16	apex	apex	NOUN
ap-830	120	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	120	18	the	the	DET
ap-830	120	19	rounded	round	VERB
ap-830	120	20	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	120	21	off	off	ADP
ap-830	120	22	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	120	23	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	120	24	was	be	AUX
ap-830	120	25	as	as	ADV
ap-830	120	26	hard	hard	ADJ
ap-830	120	27	as	as	ADP
ap-830	120	28	the	the	DET
ap-830	120	29	cup	cup	NOUN
ap-830	120	30	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	120	31	of	of	ADP
ap-830	120	32	a	a	DET
ap-830	120	33	static	static	ADJ
ap-830	120	34	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	120	35	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	120	36	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	120	37	just	just	ADV
ap-830	120	38	as	as	ADP
ap-830	120	39	in	in	ADP
ap-830	120	40	the	the	DET
ap-830	120	41	case	case	NOUN
ap-830	120	42	of	of	ADP
ap-830	120	43	the	the	DET
ap-830	120	44	tips	tip	NOUN
ap-830	120	45	of	of	ADP
ap-830	120	46	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	120	47	that	that	PRON
ap-830	120	48	had	have	AUX
ap-830	120	49	been	be	AUX
ap-830	120	50	sharpened	sharpen	VERB
ap-830	120	51	by	by	ADP
ap-830	120	52	compression	compression	NOUN
ap-830	120	53	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	121	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	121	2	deformation	deformation	NOUN
ap-830	121	3	produced	produce	VERB
ap-830	121	4	at	at	ADP
ap-830	121	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	121	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	121	7	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	121	8	during	during	ADP
ap-830	121	9	each	each	DET
ap-830	121	10	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	121	11	resulted	result	VERB
ap-830	121	12	in	in	ADP
ap-830	121	13	an	an	DET
ap-830	121	14	extension	extension	NOUN
ap-830	121	15	of	of	ADP
ap-830	121	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	121	17	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	121	18	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	121	19	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	121	20	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	121	21	being	be	AUX
ap-830	121	22	a	a	DET
ap-830	121	23	continuous	continuous	ADJ
ap-830	121	24	process	process	NOUN
ap-830	121	25	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	121	26	resulting	result	VERB
ap-830	121	27	from	from	ADP
ap-830	121	28	a	a	DET
ap-830	121	29	miniature	miniature	ADJ
ap-830	121	30	double	double	ADJ
ap-830	121	31	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	121	32	cup	cup	NOUN
ap-830	121	33	plastic	plastic	NOUN
ap-830	121	34	separation	separation	NOUN
ap-830	121	35	repeated	repeat	VERB
ap-830	121	36	each	each	DET
ap-830	121	37	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	121	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	122	1	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	122	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	123	1	4	4	NUM
ap-830	123	2	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	123	3	a	a	X
ap-830	123	4	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	123	5	shows	show	VERB
ap-830	123	6	an	an	DET
ap-830	123	7	example	example	NOUN
ap-830	123	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	123	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	123	10	blunted	blunt	VERB
ap-830	123	11	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	123	12	having	have	VERB
ap-830	123	13	two	two	NUM
ap-830	123	14	ears	ear	NOUN
ap-830	123	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	123	16	found	find	VERB
ap-830	123	17	in	in	ADP
ap-830	123	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	123	19	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	123	20	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	123	21	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	123	22	in	in	ADP
ap-830	123	23	which	which	PRON
ap-830	123	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	123	25	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	123	26	was	be	AUX
ap-830	123	27	filled	fill	VERB
ap-830	123	28	with	with	ADP
ap-830	123	29	plastic	plastic	ADJ
ap-830	123	30	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	123	31	while	while	SCONJ
ap-830	123	32	the	the	DET
ap-830	123	33	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ap-830	123	34	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	123	35	was	be	AUX
ap-830	123	36	held	hold	VERB
ap-830	123	37	constant	constant	ADJ
ap-830	123	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	124	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	124	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	124	3	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	124	4	sections	section	NOUN
ap-830	124	5	revealed	reveal	VERB
ap-830	124	6	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	124	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	124	8	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	124	9	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	124	10	could	could	AUX
ap-830	124	11	be	be	AUX
ap-830	124	12	either	either	CCONJ
ap-830	124	13	blunted	blunt	VERB
ap-830	124	14	with	with	ADP
ap-830	124	15	only	only	ADV
ap-830	124	16	one	one	NUM
ap-830	124	17	ear	ear	NOUN
ap-830	124	18	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	124	19	no	no	DET
ap-830	124	20	ears	ear	NOUN
ap-830	124	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	124	22	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	124	23	it	it	PRON
ap-830	124	24	could	could	AUX
ap-830	124	25	still	still	ADV
ap-830	124	26	retain	retain	VERB
ap-830	124	27	a	a	DET
ap-830	124	28	sharp	sharp	ADJ
ap-830	124	29	profile	profile	NOUN
ap-830	124	30	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	124	31	shown	show	VERB
ap-830	124	32	in	in	ADP
ap-830	124	33	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	124	34	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	125	1	4	4	NUM
ap-830	125	2	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	125	3	b	b	NOUN
ap-830	125	4	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	125	5	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	126	1	on	on	ADP
ap-830	126	2	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	126	3	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	126	4	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	126	5	alluminium	alluminium	NOUN
ap-830	126	6	alloys	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	126	8	very	very	ADV
ap-830	126	9	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	126	10	striations	striation	NOUN
ap-830	126	11	having	have	VERB
ap-830	126	12	a	a	DET
ap-830	126	13	wave	wave	NOUN
ap-830	126	14	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	126	15	shaped	shape	VERB
ap-830	126	16	section	section	NOUN
ap-830	126	17	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ap-830	126	18	occur	occur	VERB
ap-830	126	19	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	127	1	4	4	NUM
ap-830	127	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	127	3	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	127	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	127	5	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	127	6	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	127	7	when	when	SCONJ
ap-830	127	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	127	9	level	level	NOUN
ap-830	127	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	127	11	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	127	12	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	127	13	is	be	AUX
ap-830	127	14	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
ap-830	127	15	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	127	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	127	17	a	a	DET
ap-830	127	18	microcrack	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	127	19	will	will	AUX
ap-830	127	20	diffuse	diffuse	VERB
ap-830	127	21	over	over	ADP
ap-830	127	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	127	23	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	127	24	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	127	25	get	get	VERB
ap-830	127	26	through	through	ADP
ap-830	127	27	the	the	DET
ap-830	127	28	body	body	NOUN
ap-830	127	29	in	in	ADP
ap-830	127	30	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	127	31	by	by	ADP
ap-830	127	32	continuing	continue	VERB
ap-830	127	33	to	to	PART
ap-830	127	34	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	127	35	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	127	36	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	127	37	fro	fro	NOUN
ap-830	127	38	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	127	39	processes	process	NOUN
ap-830	127	40	until	until	SCONJ
ap-830	127	41	it	it	PRON
ap-830	127	42	has	have	AUX
ap-830	127	43	reached	reach	VERB
ap-830	127	44	such	such	DET
ap-830	127	45	the	the	DET
ap-830	127	46	size	size	NOUN
ap-830	127	47	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	127	48	it	it	PRON
ap-830	127	49	is	be	AUX
ap-830	127	50	capable	capable	ADJ
ap-830	127	51	of	of	ADP
ap-830	127	52	propagating	propagate	VERB
ap-830	127	53	in	in	ADP
ap-830	127	54	the	the	DET
ap-830	127	55	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ap-830	127	56	of	of	ADP
ap-830	127	57	a	a	DET
ap-830	127	58	macrocrack	macrocrack	NOUN
ap-830	127	59	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	128	1	that	that	PRON
ap-830	128	2	is	be	AUX
ap-830	128	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	128	4	its	its	PRON
ap-830	128	5	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	128	6	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ap-830	128	7	will	will	AUX
ap-830	128	8	depend	depend	VERB
ap-830	128	9	on	on	ADP
ap-830	128	10	how	how	SCONJ
ap-830	128	11	much	much	ADJ
ap-830	128	12	it	it	PRON
ap-830	128	13	opens	open	VERB
ap-830	128	14	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	128	15	closes	close	VERB
ap-830	128	16	subject	subject	ADJ
ap-830	128	17	to	to	ADP
ap-830	128	18	the	the	DET
ap-830	128	19	normal	normal	ADJ
ap-830	128	20	cyclic	cyclic	NOUN
ap-830	128	21	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	128	22	over	over	ADP
ap-830	128	23	its	its	PRON
ap-830	128	24	faces	face	NOUN
ap-830	128	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	129	1	to	to	PART
ap-830	129	2	get	get	VERB
ap-830	129	3	a	a	DET
ap-830	129	4	macrocrack	macrocrack	NOUN
ap-830	129	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	129	6	a	a	DET
ap-830	129	7	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	129	8	at	at	ADP
ap-830	129	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	129	10	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	129	11	level	level	NOUN
ap-830	129	12	less	less	ADJ
ap-830	129	13	than	than	ADP
ap-830	129	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	129	15	plain	plain	ADJ
ap-830	129	16	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	129	17	limit	limit	NOUN
ap-830	129	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	129	19	a	a	DET
ap-830	129	20	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	129	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	129	22	some	some	DET
ap-830	129	23	form	form	NOUN
ap-830	129	24	of	of	ADP
ap-830	129	25	notch	notch	NOUN
ap-830	129	26	must	must	AUX
ap-830	129	27	be	be	AUX
ap-830	129	28	introduced	introduce	VERB
ap-830	129	29	into	into	ADP
ap-830	129	30	the	the	DET
ap-830	129	31	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	129	32	so	so	SCONJ
ap-830	129	33	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	129	34	the	the	DET
ap-830	129	35	effective	effective	ADJ
ap-830	129	36	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	129	37	of	of	ADP
ap-830	129	38	the	the	DET
ap-830	129	39	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	129	40	formed	form	VERB
ap-830	129	41	at	at	ADP
ap-830	129	42	the	the	DET
ap-830	129	43	notch	notch	ADJ
ap-830	129	44	root	root	NOUN
ap-830	129	45	is	be	AUX
ap-830	129	46	increased	increase	VERB
ap-830	129	47	to	to	ADP
ap-830	129	48	a	a	DET
ap-830	129	49	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	129	50	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ap-830	129	51	to	to	PART
ap-830	129	52	grow	grow	VERB
ap-830	129	53	directly	directly	ADV
ap-830	129	54	as	as	ADP
ap-830	129	55	a	a	DET
ap-830	129	56	macrocrack	macrocrack	NOUN
ap-830	129	57	at	at	ADP
ap-830	129	58	the	the	DET
ap-830	129	59	applied	applied	ADJ
ap-830	129	60	nominal	nominal	ADJ
ap-830	129	61	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	129	62	level	level	NOUN
ap-830	129	63	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	130	1	unless	unless	SCONJ
ap-830	130	2	expressed	express	VERB
ap-830	130	3	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
ap-830	130	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	130	5	it	it	PRON
ap-830	130	6	is	be	AUX
ap-830	130	7	ensues	ensue	NOUN
ap-830	130	8	from	from	ADP
ap-830	130	9	any	any	DET
ap-830	130	10	reference	reference	NOUN
ap-830	130	11	to	to	ADP
ap-830	130	12	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	130	13	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	130	14	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	130	15	that	that	PRON
ap-830	130	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	130	17	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	130	18	has	have	AUX
ap-830	130	19	achieved	achieve	VERB
ap-830	130	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	130	21	macrocrack	macrocrack	ADJ
ap-830	130	22	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	130	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	131	1	no	no	DET
ap-830	131	2	accurate	accurate	ADJ
ap-830	131	3	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
ap-830	131	4	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ap-830	131	5	particulars	particular	NOUN
ap-830	131	6	concerning	concern	VERB
ap-830	131	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	131	8	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	131	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	131	10	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	131	11	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	131	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	131	13	had	have	AUX
ap-830	131	14	been	be	AUX
ap-830	131	15	issued	issue	VERB
ap-830	131	16	prior	prior	ADV
ap-830	131	17	to	to	ADP
ap-830	131	18	1953	1953	NUM
ap-830	131	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	131	20	when	when	SCONJ
ap-830	131	21	head	head	NOUN
ap-830	131	22	[	[	X
ap-830	131	23	12	12	NUM
ap-830	131	24	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	131	25	published	publish	VERB
ap-830	131	26	his	his	PRON
ap-830	131	27	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ap-830	131	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	131	29	derivative	derivative	NOUN
ap-830	131	30	in	in	ADP
ap-830	131	31	the	the	DET
ap-830	131	32	abstract	abstract	NOUN
ap-830	131	33	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	131	34	between	between	ADP
ap-830	131	35	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	131	36	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	131	37	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	131	38	number	number	NOUN
ap-830	131	39	of	of	ADP
ap-830	131	40	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	131	41	cycles	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	131	42	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	132	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	132	2	may	may	AUX
ap-830	132	3	be	be	AUX
ap-830	132	4	owing	owe	VERB
ap-830	132	5	to	to	ADP
ap-830	132	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	132	7	fact	fact	NOUN
ap-830	132	8	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	132	9	assessing	assess	VERB
ap-830	132	10	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	132	11	stresses	stress	NOUN
ap-830	132	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	132	13	with	with	ADP
ap-830	132	14	respect	respect	NOUN
ap-830	132	15	to	to	ADP
ap-830	132	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	132	17	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	132	18	properties	property	NOUN
ap-830	132	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	132	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	132	21	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	132	22	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	132	23	had	have	AUX
ap-830	132	24	practically	practically	ADV
ap-830	132	25	always	always	ADV
ap-830	132	26	been	be	AUX
ap-830	132	27	based	base	VERB
ap-830	132	28	on	on	ADP
ap-830	132	29	the	the	DET
ap-830	132	30	plain	plain	ADJ
ap-830	132	31	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	132	32	limit	limit	NOUN
ap-830	132	33	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	132	34	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	132	35	of	of	ADP
ap-830	132	36	the	the	DET
ap-830	132	37	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	132	38	being	be	AUX
ap-830	132	39	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	132	40	from	from	ADP
ap-830	132	41	smooth	smooth	ADJ
ap-830	132	42	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
ap-830	132	43	specimens	specimen	NOUN
ap-830	132	44	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	133	1	of	of	ADP
ap-830	133	2	course	course	ADV
ap-830	133	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	133	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	133	5	object	object	NOUN
ap-830	133	6	of	of	ADP
ap-830	133	7	these	these	DET
ap-830	133	8	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	133	9	stresses	stress	NOUN
ap-830	133	10	was	be	AUX
ap-830	133	11	to	to	PART
ap-830	133	12	obviate	obviate	VERB
ap-830	133	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	133	14	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	133	15	of	of	ADP
ap-830	133	16	any	any	DET
ap-830	133	17	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	133	18	subjected	subject	VERB
ap-830	133	19	to	to	ADP
ap-830	133	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	133	21	working	work	VERB
ap-830	133	22	loads	load	NOUN
ap-830	133	23	by	by	ADP
ap-830	133	24	keeping	keep	VERB
ap-830	133	25	all	all	DET
ap-830	133	26	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	133	27	stresses	stress	NOUN
ap-830	133	28	below	below	ADP
ap-830	133	29	some	some	DET
ap-830	133	30	critical	critical	ADJ
ap-830	133	31	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	133	32	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	134	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	134	2	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ap-830	134	3	to	to	PART
ap-830	134	4	produce	produce	VERB
ap-830	134	5	components	component	NOUN
ap-830	134	6	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	134	7	structural	structural	ADJ
ap-830	134	8	members	member	NOUN
ap-830	134	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	134	10	complex	complex	ADJ
ap-830	134	11	form	form	NOUN
ap-830	134	12	that	that	PRON
ap-830	134	13	are	be	AUX
ap-830	134	14	economic	economic	ADJ
ap-830	134	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	134	16	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	134	17	that	that	PRON
ap-830	134	18	perform	perform	VERB
ap-830	134	19	under	under	ADP
ap-830	134	20	service	service	NOUN
ap-830	134	21	conditions	condition	NOUN
ap-830	134	22	which	which	PRON
ap-830	134	23	are	be	AUX
ap-830	134	24	not	not	PART
ap-830	134	25	accurately	accurately	ADV
ap-830	134	26	defined	define	VERB
ap-830	134	27	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	134	28	ended	end	VERB
ap-830	134	29	in	in	ADP
ap-830	134	30	the	the	DET
ap-830	134	31	possibility	possibility	NOUN
ap-830	134	32	of	of	ADP
ap-830	134	33	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	134	34	developing	develop	VERB
ap-830	134	35	even	even	ADV
ap-830	134	36	at	at	ADP
ap-830	134	37	relatively	relatively	ADV
ap-830	134	38	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	134	39	nominal	nominal	ADJ
ap-830	134	40	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	134	41	loads	load	NOUN
ap-830	134	42	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	134	43	for	for	ADP
ap-830	134	44	the	the	DET
ap-830	134	45	most	most	ADJ
ap-830	134	46	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	134	47	as	as	ADP
ap-830	134	48	a	a	DET
ap-830	134	49	result	result	NOUN
ap-830	134	50	of	of	ADP
ap-830	134	51	fretting	fret	VERB
ap-830	134	52	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	134	53	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	134	54	in	in	ADP
ap-830	134	55	locally	locally	ADV
ap-830	134	56	highly	highly	ADV
ap-830	134	57	stressed	stressed	ADJ
ap-830	134	58	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	134	59	round	round	VERB
ap-830	134	60	some	some	DET
ap-830	134	61	discontinuity	discontinuity	NOUN
ap-830	134	62	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	135	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	135	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
ap-830	135	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	135	4	some	some	DET
ap-830	135	5	components	component	NOUN
ap-830	135	6	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	135	7	structural	structural	ADJ
ap-830	135	8	members	member	NOUN
ap-830	135	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	135	10	especially	especially	ADV
ap-830	135	11	those	those	PRON
ap-830	135	12	designed	design	VERB
ap-830	135	13	to	to	PART
ap-830	135	14	have	have	VERB
ap-830	135	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	135	16	limited	limited	ADJ
ap-830	135	17	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	135	18	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	135	19	have	have	VERB
ap-830	135	20	to	to	PART
ap-830	135	21	function	function	VERB
ap-830	135	22	to	to	ADP
ap-830	135	23	good	good	ADJ
ap-830	135	24	effect	effect	NOUN
ap-830	135	25	even	even	ADV
ap-830	135	26	though	though	SCONJ
ap-830	135	27	they	they	PRON
ap-830	135	28	may	may	AUX
ap-830	135	29	contain	contain	VERB
ap-830	135	30	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	135	31	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	135	32	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	136	1	forward	forward	ADV
ap-830	136	2	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	136	3	looking	look	VERB
ap-830	136	4	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ap-830	136	5	procedures	procedure	NOUN
ap-830	136	6	enabled	enable	VERB
ap-830	136	7	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	136	8	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	136	9	to	to	PART
ap-830	136	10	be	be	AUX
ap-830	136	11	detected	detect	VERB
ap-830	136	12	in	in	ADP
ap-830	136	13	certain	certain	ADJ
ap-830	136	14	components	component	NOUN
ap-830	136	15	at	at	ADP
ap-830	136	16	an	an	DET
ap-830	136	17	early	early	ADJ
ap-830	136	18	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	136	19	in	in	ADP
ap-830	136	20	their	their	PRON
ap-830	136	21	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	136	22	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	136	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	137	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	137	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	137	3	it	it	PRON
ap-830	137	4	was	be	AUX
ap-830	137	5	given	give	VERB
ap-830	137	6	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	137	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	137	8	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	137	9	approximately	approximately	ADV
ap-830	137	10	5–15	5–15	ADJ
ap-830	137	11	mm	mm	NUM
ap-830	137	12	long	long	ADV
ap-830	137	13	was	be	AUX
ap-830	137	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	137	15	smallest	small	ADJ
ap-830	137	16	flaw	flaw	NOUN
ap-830	137	17	that	that	PRON
ap-830	137	18	could	could	AUX
ap-830	137	19	be	be	AUX
ap-830	137	20	detected	detect	VERB
ap-830	137	21	in	in	ADP
ap-830	137	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	137	23	course	course	NOUN
ap-830	137	24	of	of	ADP
ap-830	137	25	a	a	DET
ap-830	137	26	routine	routine	ADJ
ap-830	137	27	service	service	NOUN
ap-830	137	28	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ap-830	137	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	138	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	138	2	need	need	NOUN
ap-830	138	3	to	to	PART
ap-830	138	4	assume	assume	VERB
ap-830	138	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	138	6	existence	existence	NOUN
ap-830	138	7	of	of	ADP
ap-830	138	8	cracked	crack	VERB
ap-830	138	9	members	member	NOUN
ap-830	138	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	138	11	engineering	engineer	VERB
ap-830	138	12	construction	construction	NOUN
ap-830	138	13	despite	despite	SCONJ
ap-830	138	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	138	15	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	138	16	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	138	17	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	138	18	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	138	19	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	138	20	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	138	21	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	138	22	37	37	NUM
ap-830	138	23	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	138	24	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	138	25	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	138	26	in	in	ADP
ap-830	138	27	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	138	28	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	138	29	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	138	30	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	138	31	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	139	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	139	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	139	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	140	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	140	2	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	140	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	141	1	3	3	NUM
ap-830	141	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	141	3	section	section	NOUN
ap-830	141	4	ahead	ahead	ADV
ap-830	141	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	141	6	main	main	ADJ
ap-830	141	7	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	141	8	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	141	9	in	in	ADP
ap-830	141	10	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	141	11	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	141	12	sheet	sheet	NOUN
ap-830	141	13	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	141	14	taken	take	VERB
ap-830	141	15	from	from	ADP
ap-830	141	16	[	[	X
ap-830	141	17	10	10	NUM
ap-830	141	18	]	]	SYM
ap-830	141	19	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	141	20	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	141	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	142	1	4	4	NUM
ap-830	142	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	142	3	profile	profile	NOUN
ap-830	142	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	142	5	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	142	6	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	142	7	in	in	ADP
ap-830	142	8	a	a	DET
ap-830	142	9	loaded	load	VERB
ap-830	142	10	mild	mild	ADJ
ap-830	142	11	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	142	12	sheet	sheet	NOUN
ap-830	142	13	efforts	effort	NOUN
ap-830	142	14	of	of	ADP
ap-830	142	15	designers	designer	NOUN
ap-830	142	16	to	to	PART
ap-830	142	17	create	create	VERB
ap-830	142	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	142	19	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	142	20	resistant	resistant	ADJ
ap-830	142	21	structures	structure	NOUN
ap-830	142	22	is	be	AUX
ap-830	142	23	now	now	ADV
ap-830	142	24	universally	universally	ADV
ap-830	142	25	accepted	accept	VERB
ap-830	142	26	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	143	1	these	these	DET
ap-830	143	2	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	143	3	will	will	AUX
ap-830	143	4	depend	depend	VERB
ap-830	143	5	on	on	ADP
ap-830	143	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	143	7	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	143	8	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	143	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	143	10	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	143	11	of	of	ADP
ap-830	143	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	143	13	applied	apply	VERB
ap-830	143	14	nominal	nominal	ADJ
ap-830	143	15	mean	mean	NOUN
ap-830	143	16	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	143	17	alternating	alternate	VERB
ap-830	143	18	stresses	stress	NOUN
ap-830	143	19	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	144	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	144	2	choice	choice	NOUN
ap-830	144	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	144	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	144	5	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	144	6	from	from	ADP
ap-830	144	7	those	those	PRON
ap-830	144	8	which	which	PRON
ap-830	144	9	fulfil	fulfil	VERB
ap-830	144	10	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	144	11	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ap-830	144	12	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	144	13	factors	factor	NOUN
ap-830	144	14	yielding	yield	VERB
ap-830	144	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	144	16	slowest	slow	ADJ
ap-830	144	17	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	144	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	144	19	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	144	20	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	144	21	for	for	ADP
ap-830	144	22	an	an	DET
ap-830	144	23	assigned	assign	VERB
ap-830	144	24	external	external	ADJ
ap-830	144	25	loading	loading	NOUN
ap-830	144	26	will	will	AUX
ap-830	144	27	result	result	VERB
ap-830	144	28	in	in	ADP
ap-830	144	29	an	an	DET
ap-830	144	30	increased	increase	VERB
ap-830	144	31	range	range	NOUN
ap-830	144	32	of	of	ADP
ap-830	144	33	safety	safety	NOUN
ap-830	144	34	between	between	ADP
ap-830	144	35	usual	usual	ADJ
ap-830	144	36	inspections	inspection	NOUN
ap-830	144	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	145	1	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ap-830	145	2	of	of	ADP
ap-830	145	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	145	4	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	145	5	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	145	6	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
ap-830	145	7	of	of	ADP
ap-830	145	8	a	a	DET
ap-830	145	9	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	145	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	145	11	together	together	ADV
ap-830	145	12	with	with	ADP
ap-830	145	13	regular	regular	ADJ
ap-830	145	14	inspections	inspection	NOUN
ap-830	145	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	145	16	may	may	AUX
ap-830	145	17	enable	enable	VERB
ap-830	145	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	145	19	cracked	crack	VERB
ap-830	145	20	component	component	NOUN
ap-830	145	21	to	to	PART
ap-830	145	22	have	have	VERB
ap-830	145	23	a	a	DET
ap-830	145	24	long	long	ADJ
ap-830	145	25	service	service	NOUN
ap-830	145	26	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	145	27	before	before	ADP
ap-830	145	28	having	have	VERB
ap-830	145	29	to	to	PART
ap-830	145	30	be	be	AUX
ap-830	145	31	replaced	replace	VERB
ap-830	145	32	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	145	33	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	145	34	is	be	AUX
ap-830	145	35	shown	show	VERB
ap-830	145	36	below	below	ADV
ap-830	145	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	146	1	fail	fail	VERB
ap-830	146	2	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	146	3	safe	safe	ADJ
ap-830	146	4	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	146	5	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	146	6	that	that	PRON
ap-830	146	7	is	is	ADV
ap-830	146	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	146	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	146	10	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	146	11	designed	design	VERB
ap-830	146	12	in	in	ADP
ap-830	146	13	such	such	DET
ap-830	146	14	a	a	DET
ap-830	146	15	way	way	NOUN
ap-830	146	16	that	that	PRON
ap-830	146	17	should	should	AUX
ap-830	146	18	cracks	crack	VERB
ap-830	146	19	form	form	NOUN
ap-830	146	20	they	they	PRON
ap-830	146	21	will	will	AUX
ap-830	146	22	not	not	PART
ap-830	146	23	cause	cause	VERB
ap-830	146	24	catastrophic	catastrophic	ADJ
ap-830	146	25	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	146	26	under	under	ADP
ap-830	146	27	the	the	DET
ap-830	146	28	working	working	NOUN
ap-830	146	29	loads	load	NOUN
ap-830	146	30	until	until	SCONJ
ap-830	146	31	one	one	NUM
ap-830	146	32	of	of	ADP
ap-830	146	33	them	they	PRON
ap-830	146	34	reaches	reach	VERB
ap-830	146	35	a	a	DET
ap-830	146	36	known	know	VERB
ap-830	146	37	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	146	38	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	146	39	implies	imply	VERB
ap-830	146	40	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	146	41	a	a	DET
ap-830	146	42	limiting	limit	VERB
ap-830	146	43	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	146	44	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	146	45	can	can	AUX
ap-830	146	46	be	be	AUX
ap-830	146	47	established	establish	VERB
ap-830	146	48	which	which	PRON
ap-830	146	49	must	must	AUX
ap-830	146	50	be	be	AUX
ap-830	146	51	detected	detect	VERB
ap-830	146	52	by	by	ADP
ap-830	146	53	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ap-830	146	54	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	147	1	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
ap-830	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	147	3	designers	designer	NOUN
ap-830	147	4	should	should	AUX
ap-830	147	5	use	use	VERB
ap-830	147	6	all	all	DET
ap-830	147	7	possible	possible	ADJ
ap-830	147	8	means	mean	NOUN
ap-830	147	9	to	to	PART
ap-830	147	10	achieve	achieve	VERB
ap-830	147	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	147	12	ideals	ideal	NOUN
ap-830	147	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	147	14	a	a	DET
ap-830	147	15	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	147	16	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	147	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	147	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	147	19	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	147	20	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	147	21	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	147	22	residual	residual	ADJ
ap-830	147	23	static	static	ADJ
ap-830	147	24	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	147	25	in	in	ADP
ap-830	147	26	the	the	DET
ap-830	147	27	presence	presence	NOUN
ap-830	147	28	of	of	ADP
ap-830	147	29	a	a	DET
ap-830	147	30	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	147	31	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	148	1	probably	probably	ADV
ap-830	148	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	148	3	best	good	ADJ
ap-830	148	4	way	way	NOUN
ap-830	148	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	148	6	assessing	assess	VERB
ap-830	148	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	148	8	virtues	virtue	NOUN
ap-830	148	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	148	10	fail	fail	ADJ
ap-830	148	11	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	148	12	safe	safe	ADJ
ap-830	148	13	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	148	14	is	be	AUX
ap-830	148	15	by	by	ADP
ap-830	148	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	148	17	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	148	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	148	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	148	20	inspection	inspection	NOUN
ap-830	148	21	periods	period	NOUN
ap-830	148	22	which	which	PRON
ap-830	148	23	it	it	PRON
ap-830	148	24	allows	allow	VERB
ap-830	148	25	in	in	ADP
ap-830	148	26	relation	relation	NOUN
ap-830	148	27	to	to	ADP
ap-830	148	28	the	the	DET
ap-830	148	29	importance	importance	NOUN
ap-830	148	30	of	of	ADP
ap-830	148	31	the	the	DET
ap-830	148	32	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	148	33	feature	feature	NOUN
ap-830	148	34	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	149	1	extensive	extensive	ADJ
ap-830	149	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	149	3	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
ap-830	149	4	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	149	5	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	149	6	laws	law	NOUN
ap-830	149	7	”	"	PUNCT
ap-830	149	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	149	9	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	149	10	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	149	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	149	12	have	have	AUX
ap-830	149	13	been	be	AUX
ap-830	149	14	described	describe	VERB
ap-830	149	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	149	16	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	149	17	by	by	ADP
ap-830	149	18	making	make	VERB
ap-830	149	19	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	149	20	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
ap-830	149	21	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
ap-830	149	22	some	some	PRON
ap-830	149	23	of	of	ADP
ap-830	149	24	them	they	PRON
ap-830	149	25	can	can	AUX
ap-830	149	26	be	be	AUX
ap-830	149	27	derived	derive	VERB
ap-830	149	28	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
ap-830	149	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	150	1	all	all	DET
ap-830	150	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	150	3	laws	law	NOUN
ap-830	150	4	can	can	AUX
ap-830	150	5	be	be	AUX
ap-830	150	6	regarded	regard	VERB
ap-830	150	7	as	as	ADP
ap-830	150	8	valid	valid	ADJ
ap-830	150	9	in	in	ADP
ap-830	150	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	150	11	sense	sense	NOUN
ap-830	150	12	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	150	13	they	they	PRON
ap-830	150	14	describe	describe	VERB
ap-830	150	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	150	16	particular	particular	ADJ
ap-830	150	17	set	set	NOUN
ap-830	150	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	150	19	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	150	20	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	150	21	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	150	22	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	150	23	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	150	24	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	150	25	they	they	PRON
ap-830	150	26	can	can	AUX
ap-830	150	27	be	be	AUX
ap-830	150	28	used	use	VERB
ap-830	150	29	to	to	PART
ap-830	150	30	predict	predict	VERB
ap-830	150	31	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	150	32	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	150	33	rates	rate	NOUN
ap-830	150	34	in	in	ADP
ap-830	150	35	situations	situation	NOUN
ap-830	150	36	similar	similar	ADJ
ap-830	150	37	to	to	ADP
ap-830	150	38	those	those	PRON
ap-830	150	39	used	use	VERB
ap-830	150	40	to	to	PART
ap-830	150	41	collect	collect	VERB
ap-830	150	42	the	the	DET
ap-830	150	43	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	150	44	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	151	1	it	it	PRON
ap-830	151	2	is	be	AUX
ap-830	151	3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ap-830	151	4	possible	possible	ADJ
ap-830	151	5	to	to	PART
ap-830	151	6	fit	fit	VERB
ap-830	151	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	151	8	same	same	ADJ
ap-830	151	9	set	set	NOUN
ap-830	151	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	151	11	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	151	12	to	to	ADP
ap-830	151	13	apparently	apparently	ADV
ap-830	151	14	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
ap-830	151	15	laws	law	NOUN
ap-830	151	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	152	1	since	since	SCONJ
ap-830	152	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	152	3	1940s	1940	NOUN
ap-830	152	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	152	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	152	6	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	152	7	of	of	ADP
ap-830	152	8	brittle	brittle	ADJ
ap-830	152	9	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	152	10	has	have	AUX
ap-830	152	11	been	be	AUX
ap-830	152	12	extensively	extensively	ADV
ap-830	152	13	studied	study	VERB
ap-830	152	14	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	153	1	it	it	PRON
ap-830	153	2	has	have	AUX
ap-830	153	3	been	be	AUX
ap-830	153	4	found	find	VERB
ap-830	153	5	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	153	6	such	such	ADJ
ap-830	153	7	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	153	8	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	153	9	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	153	10	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	153	11	compared	compare	VERB
ap-830	153	12	to	to	ADP
ap-830	153	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	153	14	yield	yield	NOUN
ap-830	153	15	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	153	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	153	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	153	18	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	153	19	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	153	20	fractures	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	153	21	always	always	ADV
ap-830	153	22	originate	originate	VERB
ap-830	153	23	at	at	ADP
ap-830	153	24	flaws	flaw	NOUN
ap-830	153	25	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	153	26	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	153	27	of	of	ADP
ap-830	153	28	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	153	29	types	type	NOUN
ap-830	153	30	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	154	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	154	2	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	154	3	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	154	4	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	154	5	approach	approach	NOUN
ap-830	154	6	to	to	ADP
ap-830	154	7	residual	residual	ADJ
ap-830	154	8	static	static	ADJ
ap-830	154	9	strength	strength	NOUN
ap-830	154	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	154	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	154	12	presence	presence	NOUN
ap-830	154	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	154	14	a	a	DET
ap-830	154	15	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	154	16	makes	make	VERB
ap-830	154	17	use	use	NOUN
ap-830	154	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	154	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	154	20	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	154	21	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ap-830	154	22	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	154	23	ki	ki	PROPN
ap-830	154	24	concept	concept	VERB
ap-830	154	25	to	to	PART
ap-830	154	26	describe	describe	VERB
ap-830	154	27	the	the	DET
ap-830	154	28	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	154	29	field	field	NOUN
ap-830	154	30	at	at	ADP
ap-830	154	31	a	a	DET
ap-830	154	32	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	154	33	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	154	34	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	154	35	when	when	SCONJ
ap-830	154	36	ki	ki	PROPN
ap-830	154	37	reaches	reach	VERB
ap-830	154	38	a	a	DET
ap-830	154	39	critical	critical	ADJ
ap-830	154	40	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	154	41	kc	kc	NOUN
ap-830	154	42	the	the	DET
ap-830	154	43	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	154	44	extends	extend	VERB
ap-830	154	45	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	154	46	usually	usually	ADV
ap-830	154	47	catastrophically	catastrophically	ADV
ap-830	154	48	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	155	1	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	155	2	of	of	ADP
ap-830	155	3	ki	ki	PROPN
ap-830	155	4	are	be	AUX
ap-830	155	5	known	know	VERB
ap-830	155	6	for	for	ADP
ap-830	155	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	155	8	wide	wide	ADJ
ap-830	155	9	range	range	NOUN
ap-830	155	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	155	11	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	155	12	configurations	configuration	NOUN
ap-830	155	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	155	14	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	155	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	155	16	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	155	17	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	155	18	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	155	19	approach	approach	NOUN
ap-830	155	20	has	have	AUX
ap-830	155	21	proved	prove	VERB
ap-830	155	22	useful	useful	ADJ
ap-830	155	23	in	in	ADP
ap-830	155	24	problems	problem	NOUN
ap-830	155	25	of	of	ADP
ap-830	155	26	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	155	27	development	development	NOUN
ap-830	155	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	155	29	design	design	NOUN
ap-830	155	30	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	155	31	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	155	32	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	155	33	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ap-830	155	34	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	156	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	156	2	view	view	NOUN
ap-830	156	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	156	4	its	its	PRON
ap-830	156	5	success	success	NOUN
ap-830	156	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	156	7	dealing	deal	VERB
ap-830	156	8	with	with	ADP
ap-830	156	9	static	static	ADJ
ap-830	156	10	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	156	11	problems	problem	NOUN
ap-830	156	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	156	13	it	it	PRON
ap-830	156	14	is	be	AUX
ap-830	156	15	logical	logical	ADJ
ap-830	156	16	to	to	PART
ap-830	156	17	use	use	VERB
ap-830	156	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	156	19	similar	similar	ADJ
ap-830	156	20	general	general	ADJ
ap-830	156	21	approach	approach	NOUN
ap-830	156	22	to	to	PART
ap-830	156	23	analyze	analyze	VERB
ap-830	156	24	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	156	25	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	156	26	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	156	27	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	156	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	157	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	157	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	157	3	mid	mid	ADJ
ap-830	157	4	20th	20th	ADJ
ap-830	157	5	century	century	NOUN
ap-830	157	6	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	157	7	many	many	ADJ
ap-830	157	8	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ap-830	157	9	stated	state	VERB
ap-830	157	10	how	how	SCONJ
ap-830	157	11	early	early	ADV
ap-830	157	12	in	in	ADP
ap-830	157	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	157	14	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	157	15	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	157	16	they	they	PRON
ap-830	157	17	could	could	AUX
ap-830	157	18	observe	observe	VERB
ap-830	157	19	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	157	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	158	1	since	since	SCONJ
ap-830	158	2	then	then	ADV
ap-830	158	3	it	it	PRON
ap-830	158	4	has	have	AUX
ap-830	158	5	been	be	AUX
ap-830	158	6	clear	clear	ADJ
ap-830	158	7	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	158	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	158	9	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	158	10	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	158	11	under	under	ADP
ap-830	158	12	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	158	13	loading	loading	NOUN
ap-830	158	14	consists	consist	VERB
ap-830	158	15	of	of	ADP
ap-830	158	16	two	two	NUM
ap-830	158	17	phases	phase	NOUN
ap-830	158	18	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	158	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	158	20	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	158	21	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	158	22	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	158	23	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	158	24	followed	follow	VERB
ap-830	158	25	by	by	ADP
ap-830	158	26	the	the	DET
ap-830	158	27	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	158	28	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	158	29	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	158	30	until	until	ADP
ap-830	158	31	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	158	32	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	159	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	159	2	can	can	AUX
ap-830	159	3	be	be	AUX
ap-830	159	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
ap-830	159	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	159	6	a	a	DET
ap-830	159	7	block	block	NOUN
ap-830	159	8	diagram	diagram	NOUN
ap-830	159	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	159	10	see	see	VERB
ap-830	159	11	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	159	12	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	160	1	5	5	X
ap-830	160	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	160	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	160	4	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	160	5	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	160	6	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	160	7	may	may	AUX
ap-830	160	8	cover	cover	VERB
ap-830	160	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	160	10	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	160	11	percentage	percentage	NOUN
ap-830	160	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	160	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	160	14	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	160	15	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	160	16	under	under	ADP
ap-830	160	17	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	160	18	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	160	19	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	160	20	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	160	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	160	22	i.e.	i.e.	X
ap-830	160	23	under	under	ADP
ap-830	160	24	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	160	25	amplitudes	amplitude	NOUN
ap-830	160	26	just	just	ADV
ap-830	160	27	above	above	ADP
ap-830	160	28	the	the	DET
ap-830	160	29	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	160	30	limit	limit	NOUN
ap-830	160	31	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	161	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	161	3	for	for	ADP
ap-830	161	4	larger	large	ADJ
ap-830	161	5	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	161	6	amplitudes	amplitude	NOUN
ap-830	161	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	161	8	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	161	9	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	161	10	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	161	11	can	can	AUX
ap-830	161	12	be	be	AUX
ap-830	161	13	a	a	DET
ap-830	161	14	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ap-830	161	15	part	part	NOUN
ap-830	161	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	161	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	161	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	161	19	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	161	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	162	1	an	an	DET
ap-830	162	2	implicit	implicit	ADJ
ap-830	162	3	special	special	ADJ
ap-830	162	4	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	162	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	162	6	how	how	SCONJ
ap-830	162	7	to	to	PART
ap-830	162	8	define	define	VERB
ap-830	162	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	162	10	transition	transition	NOUN
ap-830	162	11	from	from	ADP
ap-830	162	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	162	13	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	162	14	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	162	15	to	to	ADP
ap-830	162	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	162	17	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	162	18	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	162	19	stage	stage	NOUN
ap-830	162	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	163	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	163	2	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	163	3	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	163	4	field	field	NOUN
ap-830	163	5	component	component	NOUN
ap-830	163	6	�	�	NOUN
ap-830	163	7	ij	ij	NOUN
ap-830	163	8	at	at	ADP
ap-830	163	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	163	10	point	point	NOUN
ap-830	163	11	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	163	12	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	163	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	163	14	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	15	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	163	16	near	near	ADP
ap-830	163	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	163	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	163	19	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	163	20	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	163	21	is	be	AUX
ap-830	163	22	given	give	VERB
ap-830	163	23	by	by	ADP
ap-830	163	24	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	25	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	26	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	27	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	28	ij	ij	PROPN
ap-830	163	29	ijr	ijr	VERB
ap-830	163	30	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	163	31	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	163	32	f	f	PROPN
ap-830	163	33	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	163	34	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	163	35	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	163	36	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	163	37	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	163	38	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	39	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	40	2	2	NUM
ap-830	163	41	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	163	42	terms	term	NOUN
ap-830	163	43	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	163	44	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	163	45	1	1	X
ap-830	163	46	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	163	47	where	where	SCONJ
ap-830	163	48	the	the	DET
ap-830	163	49	origin	origin	NOUN
ap-830	163	50	of	of	ADP
ap-830	163	51	the	the	DET
ap-830	163	52	polar	polar	ADJ
ap-830	163	53	coordinates	coordinate	NOUN
ap-830	163	54	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	163	55	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	163	56	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	163	57	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	58	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	163	59	is	be	AUX
ap-830	163	60	at	at	ADP
ap-830	163	61	the	the	DET
ap-830	163	62	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	163	63	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	163	64	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	163	65	fij	fij	PROPN
ap-830	163	66	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	163	67	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	163	68	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	163	69	contains	contain	VERB
ap-830	163	70	trigonometric	trigonometric	ADJ
ap-830	163	71	functions	function	NOUN
ap-830	163	72	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	164	1	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	164	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	164	3	coordinate	coordinate	NOUN
ap-830	164	4	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	164	5	approaches	approach	NOUN
ap-830	164	6	zero	zero	NUM
ap-830	164	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	164	8	leading	lead	VERB
ap-830	164	9	term	term	NOUN
ap-830	164	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	164	11	equation	equation	NOUN
ap-830	164	12	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	164	13	1	1	X
ap-830	164	14	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	164	15	dominates	dominate	VERB
ap-830	164	16	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	164	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	164	18	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	164	19	terms	term	NOUN
ap-830	164	20	are	be	AUX
ap-830	164	21	constant	constant	ADJ
ap-830	164	22	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	164	23	tend	tend	VERB
ap-830	164	24	to	to	PART
ap-830	164	25	zero	zero	NUM
ap-830	164	26	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	165	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	165	2	constant	constant	ADJ
ap-830	165	3	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	165	4	in	in	ADP
ap-830	165	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	165	6	first	first	ADJ
ap-830	165	7	term	term	NOUN
ap-830	165	8	is	be	AUX
ap-830	165	9	known	know	VERB
ap-830	165	10	as	as	ADP
ap-830	165	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	165	12	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	165	13	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ap-830	165	14	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	165	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	166	1	results	result	NOUN
ap-830	166	2	for	for	ADP
ap-830	166	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	166	4	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	166	5	concentrations	concentration	NOUN
ap-830	166	6	of	of	ADP
ap-830	166	7	notches	notch	NOUN
ap-830	166	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	166	9	very	very	ADV
ap-830	166	10	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	166	11	flank	flank	NOUN
ap-830	166	12	angle	angle	NOUN
ap-830	166	13	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	166	14	very	very	ADV
ap-830	166	15	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	166	16	root	root	NOUN
ap-830	166	17	radius	radius	NOUN
ap-830	166	18	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	166	19	may	may	AUX
ap-830	166	20	be	be	AUX
ap-830	166	21	used	use	VERB
ap-830	166	22	to	to	PART
ap-830	166	23	obtain	obtain	VERB
ap-830	166	24	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ap-830	166	25	expressions	expression	NOUN
ap-830	166	26	for	for	ADP
ap-830	166	27	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	166	28	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ap-830	166	29	factors	factor	NOUN
ap-830	166	30	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	167	1	consider	consider	VERB
ap-830	167	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	167	3	notch	notch	NOUN
ap-830	167	4	which	which	PRON
ap-830	167	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	167	6	in	in	ADP
ap-830	167	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	167	8	limit	limit	NOUN
ap-830	167	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	167	10	zero	zero	NUM
ap-830	167	11	root	root	NOUN
ap-830	167	12	radius	radius	NOUN
ap-830	167	13	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	167	14	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	15	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	167	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	167	17	tends	tend	VERB
ap-830	167	18	to	to	ADP
ap-830	167	19	a	a	DET
ap-830	167	20	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	167	21	along	along	ADP
ap-830	167	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	167	23	y	y	PROPN
ap-830	167	24	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	25	0	0	NUM
ap-830	167	26	axis	axis	NOUN
ap-830	167	27	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	167	28	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	167	29	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	30	max	max	PROPN
ap-830	167	31	is	be	AUX
ap-830	167	32	the	the	DET
ap-830	167	33	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ap-830	167	34	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	167	35	of	of	ADP
ap-830	167	36	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	37	yy	yy	PROPN
ap-830	167	38	at	at	ADP
ap-830	167	39	the	the	DET
ap-830	167	40	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	167	41	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	167	42	then	then	ADV
ap-830	167	43	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	44	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	45	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	167	46	i	i	PROPN
ap-830	167	47	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	48	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	49	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	50	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	51	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	52	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	167	53	2	2	NUM
ap-830	167	54	0	0	NUM
ap-830	167	55	lim	lim	PROPN
ap-830	167	56	max	max	PROPN
ap-830	167	57	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	168	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	168	2	2	2	X
ap-830	168	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	168	4	although	although	SCONJ
ap-830	168	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	168	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ap-830	168	7	between	between	ADP
ap-830	168	8	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	168	9	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	168	10	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	168	11	max	max	PROPN
ap-830	168	12	is	be	AUX
ap-830	168	13	exact	exact	ADJ
ap-830	168	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	168	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	168	16	actual	actual	ADJ
ap-830	168	17	expression	expression	NOUN
ap-830	168	18	for	for	ADP
ap-830	168	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	168	20	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ap-830	168	21	stresses	stress	NOUN
ap-830	168	22	may	may	AUX
ap-830	168	23	be	be	AUX
ap-830	168	24	known	know	VERB
ap-830	168	25	only	only	ADV
ap-830	168	26	approximately	approximately	ADV
ap-830	168	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	169	1	as	as	ADP
ap-830	169	2	an	an	DET
ap-830	169	3	example	example	NOUN
ap-830	169	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	169	5	this	this	DET
ap-830	169	6	approach	approach	NOUN
ap-830	169	7	consider	consider	VERB
ap-830	169	8	a	a	DET
ap-830	169	9	semi	semi	ADJ
ap-830	169	10	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	169	11	elliptical	elliptical	ADJ
ap-830	169	12	edge	edge	NOUN
ap-830	169	13	notch	notch	NOUN
ap-830	169	14	of	of	ADP
ap-830	169	15	depth	depth	NOUN
ap-830	169	16	c	c	NOUN
ap-830	169	17	in	in	ADP
ap-830	169	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	169	19	semi	semi	ADJ
ap-830	169	20	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	169	21	infinite	infinite	ADJ
ap-830	169	22	sheet	sheet	NOUN
ap-830	169	23	subjected	subject	VERB
ap-830	169	24	to	to	ADP
ap-830	169	25	a	a	DET
ap-830	169	26	remote	remote	ADJ
ap-830	169	27	uniaxial	uniaxial	ADJ
ap-830	169	28	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	169	29	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	169	30	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	169	31	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	170	1	equation	equation	NOUN
ap-830	170	2	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	170	3	2	2	X
ap-830	170	4	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	170	5	can	can	AUX
ap-830	170	6	be	be	AUX
ap-830	170	7	written	write	VERB
ap-830	170	8	in	in	ADP
ap-830	170	9	terms	term	NOUN
ap-830	170	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	170	11	kt	kt	PROPN
ap-830	170	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	170	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	170	14	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	170	15	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ap-830	170	16	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	170	17	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	170	18	the	the	DET
ap-830	170	19	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ap-830	170	20	of	of	ADP
ap-830	170	21	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ap-830	170	22	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	170	23	to	to	ADP
ap-830	170	24	applied	apply	VERB
ap-830	170	25	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	170	26	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	170	27	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	170	28	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	170	29	follows	follow	VERB
ap-830	170	30	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	171	1	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	171	2	c	c	PROPN
ap-830	172	1	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	172	2	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	172	3	c	c	VERB
ap-830	173	1	i	i	PRON
ap-830	174	1	i	i	PRON
ap-830	174	2	t	t	PROPN
ap-830	174	3	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	4	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	5	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	6	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	7	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	8	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	9	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	10	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	11	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	12	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	13	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	14	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	15	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	16	lim	lim	PROPN
ap-830	174	17	0	0	NUM
ap-830	174	18	1	1	NUM
ap-830	174	19	2	2	NUM
ap-830	174	20	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	174	21	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	174	22	3	3	X
ap-830	174	23	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	174	24	where	where	SCONJ
ap-830	174	25	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	26	is	be	AUX
ap-830	174	27	the	the	DET
ap-830	174	28	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	174	29	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	174	30	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	174	31	i.e	i.e	PROPN
ap-830	174	32	c	c	PROPN
ap-830	174	33	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	34	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	35	at	at	ADP
ap-830	174	36	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	37	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	174	38	0	0	NUM
ap-830	174	39	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	174	40	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	175	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	175	2	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	175	3	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ap-830	175	4	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	175	5	kt	kt	PROPN
ap-830	175	6	has	have	AUX
ap-830	175	7	been	be	AUX
ap-830	175	8	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	175	9	for	for	ADP
ap-830	175	10	this	this	DET
ap-830	175	11	configuration	configuration	NOUN
ap-830	175	12	as	as	ADP
ap-830	175	13	a	a	DET
ap-830	175	14	function	function	NOUN
ap-830	175	15	of	of	ADP
ap-830	175	16	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	175	17	/c	/c	NOUN
ap-830	175	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	176	1	from	from	ADP
ap-830	176	2	this	this	DET
ap-830	176	3	result	result	NOUN
ap-830	176	4	for	for	ADP
ap-830	176	5	kt	kt	PROPN
ap-830	176	6	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	176	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	176	8	plot	plot	NOUN
ap-830	176	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	176	10	kt(	kt(	PROPN
ap-830	176	11	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	176	12	/c)1/2/2	/c)1/2/2	PROPN
ap-830	176	13	vs	vs	ADP
ap-830	176	14	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	176	15	/c	/c	PUNCT
ap-830	176	16	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	176	17	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	176	18	shown	show	VERB
ap-830	176	19	in	in	ADP
ap-830	176	20	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	176	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	177	1	6	6	NUM
ap-830	177	2	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	177	3	ki	ki	PROPN
ap-830	177	4	can	can	AUX
ap-830	177	5	be	be	AUX
ap-830	177	6	determined	determine	VERB
ap-830	177	7	from	from	ADP
ap-830	177	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	177	9	limit	limit	NOUN
ap-830	177	10	as	as	ADP
ap-830	177	11	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	177	12	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	177	13	0	0	NUM
ap-830	177	14	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	177	15	c	c	PROPN
ap-830	177	16	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	177	17	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	177	18	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	177	19	that	that	ADV
ap-830	177	20	is	is	ADV
ap-830	177	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	177	22	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	178	1	i	i	PRON
ap-830	178	2	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	178	3	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	178	4	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	178	5	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	178	6	113	113	NUM
ap-830	178	7	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	178	8	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	179	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	179	2	4	4	X
ap-830	179	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	179	4	38	38	NUM
ap-830	179	5	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	179	6	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	179	7	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	179	8	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	179	9	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	179	10	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	179	11	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	179	12	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	179	13	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	179	14	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	179	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	180	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	180	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	180	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	181	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	181	2	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	181	3	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	181	4	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	181	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	181	6	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	181	7	cyclic	cyclic	NOUN
ap-830	181	8	slip	slip	VERB
ap-830	181	9	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	181	10	nucleation	nucleation	NOUN
ap-830	181	11	micro	micro	NOUN
ap-830	181	12	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	181	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	181	14	final	final	ADJ
ap-830	181	15	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	181	16	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	181	17	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	181	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	181	19	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	181	20	period	period	NOUN
ap-830	181	21	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	181	22	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ap-830	181	23	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	181	24	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	181	25	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ap-830	181	26	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	181	27	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	181	28	toughness	toughness	NOUN
ap-830	181	29	kt	kt	PROPN
ap-830	181	30	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	181	31	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	181	32	kic	kic	PROPN
ap-830	181	33	c	c	AUX
ap-830	181	34	micro	micro	PROPN
ap-830	181	35	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	181	36	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	181	37	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	181	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	182	1	5	5	NUM
ap-830	182	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	182	3	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	182	4	periods	period	NOUN
ap-830	182	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	182	6	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	182	7	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	182	8	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	182	9	applicable	applicable	ADJ
ap-830	182	10	considerations	consideration	NOUN
ap-830	182	11	in	in	ADP
ap-830	182	12	conjunction	conjunction	NOUN
ap-830	182	13	with	with	ADP
ap-830	182	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	182	15	well	well	ADV
ap-830	182	16	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	182	17	known	know	VERB
ap-830	182	18	paris	paris	PROPN
ap-830	182	19	equation	equation	NOUN
ap-830	182	20	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	182	21	it	it	PRON
ap-830	182	22	has	have	VERB
ap-830	182	23	to	to	PART
ap-830	182	24	be	be	AUX
ap-830	182	25	recognized	recognize	VERB
ap-830	182	26	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	182	27	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	182	28	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	182	29	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	182	30	is	be	AUX
ap-830	182	31	subject	subject	ADJ
ap-830	182	32	to	to	ADP
ap-830	182	33	physical	physical	ADJ
ap-830	182	34	laws	law	NOUN
ap-830	182	35	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	183	1	generally	generally	ADV
ap-830	183	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	183	3	something	something	PRON
ap-830	183	4	drives	drive	VERB
ap-830	183	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	183	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	183	7	extension	extension	NOUN
ap-830	183	8	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
ap-830	183	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	183	10	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	183	11	this	this	PRON
ap-830	183	12	is	be	AUX
ap-830	183	13	called	call	VERB
ap-830	183	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	183	15	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	183	16	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	183	17	driving	drive	VERB
ap-830	183	18	force	force	NOUN
ap-830	183	19	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	184	1	this	this	DET
ap-830	184	2	force	force	NOUN
ap-830	184	3	is	be	AUX
ap-830	184	4	associated	associate	VERB
ap-830	184	5	with	with	ADP
ap-830	184	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	184	7	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	184	8	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	184	9	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	184	10	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	184	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	185	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	185	2	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	185	3	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ap-830	185	4	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	185	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	185	6	related	relate	VERB
ap-830	185	7	to	to	ADP
ap-830	185	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	185	9	strain	strain	ADJ
ap-830	185	10	energy	energy	NOUN
ap-830	185	11	release	release	NOUN
ap-830	185	12	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	185	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	185	14	i.e.	i.e.	X
ap-830	185	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	185	16	strain	strain	ADJ
ap-830	185	17	energy	energy	NOUN
ap-830	185	18	in	in	ADP
ap-830	185	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	185	20	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	185	21	which	which	PRON
ap-830	185	22	is	be	AUX
ap-830	185	23	available	available	ADJ
ap-830	185	24	for	for	ADP
ap-830	185	25	producing	produce	VERB
ap-830	185	26	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	185	27	extension	extension	NOUN
ap-830	185	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	185	29	in	in	ADP
ap-830	185	30	compliance	compliance	NOUN
ap-830	185	31	with	with	ADP
ap-830	185	32	the	the	DET
ap-830	185	33	expression	expression	NOUN
ap-830	185	34	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	186	1	d	d	X
ap-830	186	2	d	d	PUNCT
ap-830	186	3	u	u	PROPN
ap-830	186	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	186	5	k	k	X
ap-830	186	6	e	e	X
ap-830	186	7	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	8	2	2	NUM
ap-830	186	9	*	*	PUNCT
ap-830	186	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	186	11	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	186	12	5	5	NUM
ap-830	186	13	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	186	14	where	where	SCONJ
ap-830	186	15	e	e	PROPN
ap-830	186	16	e	e	PROPN
ap-830	186	17	*	*	PROPN
ap-830	186	18	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	19	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	186	20	young	young	PROPN
ap-830	186	21	’s	’s	PART
ap-830	186	22	modulus	modulus	NOUN
ap-830	186	23	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	186	24	for	for	ADP
ap-830	186	25	plane	plane	NOUN
ap-830	186	26	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	186	27	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	186	28	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	186	29	e	e	X
ap-830	186	30	e	e	PROPN
ap-830	186	31	*	*	PUNCT
ap-830	186	32	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	186	33	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	186	34	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	35	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	36	1	1	NUM
ap-830	186	37	2	2	NUM
ap-830	186	38	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	39	for	for	ADP
ap-830	186	40	plane	plane	NOUN
ap-830	186	41	strain	strain	NOUN
ap-830	186	42	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	186	43	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	44	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	186	45	poisson	poisson	PROPN
ap-830	186	46	’s	’s	PART
ap-830	186	47	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ap-830	186	48	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	186	49	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	187	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	187	2	strain	strain	ADJ
ap-830	187	3	energy	energy	NOUN
ap-830	187	4	looks	look	VERB
ap-830	187	5	like	like	ADP
ap-830	187	6	a	a	DET
ap-830	187	7	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
ap-830	187	8	variable	variable	NOUN
ap-830	187	9	for	for	ADP
ap-830	187	10	energy	energy	NOUN
ap-830	187	11	balances	balance	NOUN
ap-830	187	12	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	188	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	188	2	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ap-830	188	3	constants	constant	NOUN
ap-830	188	4	c	c	PROPN
ap-830	188	5	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	188	6	m	m	PROPN
ap-830	188	7	in	in	ADP
ap-830	188	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	188	9	paris	paris	PROPN
ap-830	188	10	equation	equation	NOUN
ap-830	188	11	are	be	AUX
ap-830	188	12	not	not	PART
ap-830	188	13	easily	easily	ADV
ap-830	188	14	associated	associate	VERB
ap-830	188	15	with	with	ADP
ap-830	188	16	physical	physical	ADJ
ap-830	188	17	properties	property	NOUN
ap-830	188	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	188	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	188	20	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	188	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	189	1	however	however	ADV
ap-830	189	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	189	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	189	4	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	189	5	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	189	6	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	189	7	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	189	8	represents	represent	VERB
ap-830	189	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	189	10	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	189	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	189	12	resistance	resistance	NOUN
ap-830	189	13	of	of	ADP
ap-830	189	14	the	the	DET
ap-830	189	15	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	189	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	190	1	for	for	ADP
ap-830	190	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	190	3	range	range	NOUN
ap-830	190	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	190	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	190	6	elastic	elastic	ADJ
ap-830	190	7	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	190	8	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ap-830	190	9	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	190	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	190	11	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	190	12	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	190	13	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	190	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ap-830	190	15	parameters	parameter	NOUN
ap-830	190	16	were	be	AUX
ap-830	190	17	developed	develop	VERB
ap-830	190	18	to	to	PART
ap-830	190	19	correlate	correlate	VERB
ap-830	190	20	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	190	21	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	190	22	rates	rate	NOUN
ap-830	190	23	under	under	ADP
ap-830	190	24	conditions	condition	NOUN
ap-830	190	25	of	of	ADP
ap-830	190	26	elastoplastic	elastoplastic	ADJ
ap-830	190	27	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	190	28	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	190	29	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	190	30	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	190	31	follows	follow	VERB
ap-830	190	32	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	190	33	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	190	34	i	i	NOUN
ap-830	190	35	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	190	36	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	190	37	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	190	38	plastic	plastic	NOUN
ap-830	190	39	range	range	NOUN
ap-830	190	40	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	190	41	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	190	42	ii	ii	NOUN
ap-830	190	43	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	190	44	change	change	NOUN
ap-830	190	45	in	in	ADP
ap-830	190	46	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	190	47	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	190	48	opening	open	VERB
ap-830	190	49	displacement	displacement	NOUN
ap-830	190	50	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	190	51	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	190	52	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	190	53	iii	iii	X
ap-830	190	54	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	190	55	cyclic	cyclic	PROPN
ap-830	190	56	j	j	PROPN
ap-830	190	57	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	190	58	integral	integral	ADJ
ap-830	190	59	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	191	1	as	as	ADV
ap-830	191	2	early	early	ADV
ap-830	191	3	as	as	ADP
ap-830	191	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	191	5	1960s	1960	NOUN
ap-830	191	6	it	it	PRON
ap-830	191	7	was	be	AUX
ap-830	191	8	known	know	VERB
ap-830	191	9	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	191	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	191	11	correlation	correlation	NOUN
ap-830	191	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	191	13	da	da	PROPN
ap-830	191	14	/dn	/dn	NOUN
ap-830	191	15	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	191	16	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	191	17	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	191	18	depends	depend	VERB
ap-830	191	19	on	on	ADP
ap-830	191	20	the	the	DET
ap-830	191	21	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	191	22	ratio	ratio	PROPN
ap-830	191	23	r.	r.	PROPN
ap-830	191	24	this	this	PRON
ap-830	191	25	was	be	AUX
ap-830	191	26	to	to	PART
ap-830	191	27	be	be	AUX
ap-830	191	28	expected	expect	VERB
ap-830	191	29	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	191	30	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	191	31	an	an	DET
ap-830	191	32	increased	increase	VERB
ap-830	191	33	mean	mean	NOUN
ap-830	191	34	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	191	35	for	for	ADP
ap-830	191	36	a	a	DET
ap-830	191	37	constant	constant	ADJ
ap-830	191	38	�	�	NOUN
ap-830	191	39	s	s	PART
ap-830	191	40	should	should	AUX
ap-830	191	41	give	give	VERB
ap-830	191	42	faster	fast	ADJ
ap-830	191	43	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	191	44	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	191	45	while	while	SCONJ
ap-830	191	46	the	the	DET
ap-830	191	47	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	191	48	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	191	49	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	191	50	is	be	AUX
ap-830	191	51	also	also	ADV
ap-830	191	52	increased	increase	VERB
ap-830	191	53	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	192	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ap-830	192	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	192	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	192	4	results	result	NOUN
ap-830	192	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	192	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	192	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	192	8	tests	test	NOUN
ap-830	192	9	indicated	indicate	VERB
ap-830	192	10	systematic	systematic	ADJ
ap-830	192	11	deviations	deviation	NOUN
ap-830	192	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	192	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	192	14	paris	paris	PROPN
ap-830	192	15	equation	equation	NOUN
ap-830	192	16	at	at	ADP
ap-830	192	17	relatively	relatively	ADV
ap-830	192	18	high	high	ADJ
ap-830	192	19	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	192	20	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	192	21	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	192	22	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	192	23	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	192	24	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	193	1	this	this	PRON
ap-830	193	2	led	lead	VERB
ap-830	193	3	to	to	ADP
ap-830	193	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	193	5	definition	definition	NOUN
ap-830	193	6	of	of	ADP
ap-830	193	7	three	three	NUM
ap-830	193	8	regions	region	NOUN
ap-830	193	9	in	in	ADP
ap-830	193	10	da	da	PROPN
ap-830	193	11	/dn-	/dn-	SYM
ap-830	193	12	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	193	13	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	193	14	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
ap-830	193	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	193	16	namely	namely	ADV
ap-830	193	17	zones	zone	NOUN
ap-830	193	18	i	i	PROPN
ap-830	193	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	193	20	ii	ii	PROPN
ap-830	193	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	193	22	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	193	23	iii	iii	NOUN
ap-830	193	24	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	193	25	see	see	VERB
ap-830	193	26	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	193	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	194	1	7	7	X
ap-830	194	2	.	.	X
ap-830	194	3	evident	evident	ADJ
ap-830	194	4	questions	question	NOUN
ap-830	194	5	are	be	AUX
ap-830	194	6	connected	connect	VERB
ap-830	194	7	with	with	ADP
ap-830	194	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	194	9	vertical	vertical	ADJ
ap-830	194	10	asymptotes	asymptote	NOUN
ap-830	194	11	at	at	ADP
ap-830	194	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	194	13	lower	low	ADJ
ap-830	194	14	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	194	15	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	194	16	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ap-830	194	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	194	18	zone	zone	NOUN
ap-830	194	19	i	i	PRON
ap-830	194	20	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	194	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	194	22	upper	upper	ADJ
ap-830	194	23	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	194	24	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	194	25	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ap-830	194	26	of	of	ADP
ap-830	194	27	zone	zone	PROPN
ap-830	194	28	iii	iii	PROPN
ap-830	194	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	195	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	195	2	latter	latter	ADJ
ap-830	195	3	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ap-830	195	4	seems	seem	VERB
ap-830	195	5	to	to	PART
ap-830	195	6	be	be	AUX
ap-830	195	7	reasoned	reason	VERB
ap-830	195	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	195	9	since	since	SCONJ
ap-830	195	10	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	195	11	kmax	kmax	PROPN
ap-830	195	12	exceeds	exceed	VERB
ap-830	195	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	195	14	fracture	fracture	ADJ
ap-830	195	15	toughness	toughness	NOUN
ap-830	195	16	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	195	17	either	either	CCONJ
ap-830	195	18	kc	kc	PROPN
ap-830	195	19	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	195	20	kic	kic	PROPN
ap-830	195	21	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	195	22	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	195	23	a	a	DET
ap-830	195	24	quasi	quasi	ADJ
ap-830	195	25	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	195	26	static	static	ADJ
ap-830	195	27	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	195	28	will	will	AUX
ap-830	195	29	occur	occur	VERB
ap-830	195	30	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	195	31	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	195	32	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	195	33	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	195	34	is	be	AUX
ap-830	195	35	no	no	ADV
ap-830	195	36	longer	long	ADV
ap-830	195	37	feasible	feasible	ADJ
ap-830	195	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	196	1	further	far	ADV
ap-830	196	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	196	3	it	it	PRON
ap-830	196	4	should	should	AUX
ap-830	196	5	be	be	AUX
ap-830	196	6	identified	identify	VERB
ap-830	196	7	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	196	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	196	9	kmax	kmax	PROPN
ap-830	196	10	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	196	11	causing	cause	VERB
ap-830	196	12	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	196	13	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	196	14	in	in	ADP
ap-830	196	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	196	16	last	last	ADJ
ap-830	196	17	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	196	18	of	of	ADP
ap-830	196	19	a	a	DET
ap-830	196	20	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	196	21	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	196	22	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	196	23	test	test	NOUN
ap-830	196	24	may	may	AUX
ap-830	196	25	well	well	ADV
ap-830	196	26	very	very	ADV
ap-830	196	27	from	from	ADP
ap-830	196	28	kc	kc	PROPN
ap-830	196	29	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	196	30	kic	kic	PROPN
ap-830	196	31	measured	measure	VERB
ap-830	196	32	in	in	ADP
ap-830	196	33	a	a	DET
ap-830	196	34	fracture	fracture	ADJ
ap-830	196	35	toughness	toughness	NOUN
ap-830	196	36	experiment	experiment	NOUN
ap-830	196	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	197	1	from	from	ADP
ap-830	197	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	197	3	standpoint	standpoint	NOUN
ap-830	197	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	197	5	fracture	fracture	PROPN
ap-830	197	6	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	197	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	197	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	197	9	incidence	incidence	NOUN
ap-830	197	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	197	11	a	a	DET
ap-830	197	12	lower	low	ADJ
ap-830	197	13	boundary	boundary	NOUN
ap-830	197	14	in	in	ADP
ap-830	197	15	region	region	NOUN
ap-830	197	16	i	i	PRON
ap-830	197	17	is	be	AUX
ap-830	197	18	not	not	PART
ap-830	197	19	so	so	ADV
ap-830	197	20	obvious	obvious	ADJ
ap-830	197	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	198	1	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	198	2	a	a	DET
ap-830	198	3	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	198	4	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	198	5	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	198	6	can	can	AUX
ap-830	198	7	be	be	AUX
ap-830	198	8	defined	define	VERB
ap-830	198	9	for	for	ADP
ap-830	198	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	198	11	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	198	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	198	13	a	a	DET
ap-830	198	14	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	198	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	198	16	a	a	DET
ap-830	198	17	singular	singular	ADJ
ap-830	198	18	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	198	19	field	field	NOUN
ap-830	198	20	should	should	AUX
ap-830	198	21	be	be	AUX
ap-830	198	22	on	on	ADP
ap-830	198	23	the	the	DET
ap-830	198	24	scene	scene	NOUN
ap-830	198	25	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	198	26	micro	micro	NOUN
ap-830	198	27	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	198	28	plasticity	plasticity	NOUN
ap-830	198	29	at	at	ADP
ap-830	198	30	the	the	DET
ap-830	198	31	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	198	32	of	of	ADP
ap-830	198	33	the	the	DET
ap-830	198	34	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	198	35	should	should	AUX
ap-830	198	36	abound	abound	VERB
ap-830	198	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	199	1	thus	thus	ADV
ap-830	199	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	199	3	why	why	SCONJ
ap-830	199	4	should	should	AUX
ap-830	199	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	199	6	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	199	7	not	not	PART
ap-830	199	8	propagate	propagate	VERB
ap-830	199	9	any	any	PRON
ap-830	199	10	more	more	ADV
ap-830	199	11	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	199	12	for	for	ADP
ap-830	199	13	which	which	PRON
ap-830	199	14	physical	physical	ADJ
ap-830	199	15	reason	reason	NOUN
ap-830	199	16	should	should	AUX
ap-830	199	17	there	there	PRON
ap-830	199	18	be	be	AUX
ap-830	199	19	a	a	DET
ap-830	199	20	threshold	threshold	NOUN
ap-830	199	21	�	�	NOUN
ap-830	199	22	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	199	23	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	199	24	value	value	NOUN
ap-830	199	25	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	199	26	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	199	27	kth	kth	PROPN
ap-830	199	28	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	199	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	200	1	new	new	ADJ
ap-830	200	2	inspirations	inspiration	NOUN
ap-830	200	3	on	on	ADP
ap-830	200	4	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	200	5	kth	kth	PROPN
ap-830	200	6	were	be	AUX
ap-830	200	7	connected	connect	VERB
ap-830	200	8	with	with	ADP
ap-830	200	9	observations	observation	NOUN
ap-830	200	10	on	on	ADP
ap-830	200	11	so	so	ADV
ap-830	200	12	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	200	13	called	call	VERB
ap-830	200	14	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	200	15	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	200	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	201	1	these	these	DET
ap-830	201	2	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	201	3	occur	occur	VERB
ap-830	201	4	as	as	ADP
ap-830	201	5	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	201	6	at	at	ADP
ap-830	201	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	201	8	beginning	beginning	NOUN
ap-830	201	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	201	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	201	11	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	201	12	life	life	NOUN
ap-830	201	13	starting	start	VERB
ap-830	201	14	at	at	ADP
ap-830	201	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	201	16	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	201	17	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	201	18	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	201	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	201	20	more	more	ADV
ap-830	201	21	exactly	exactly	ADV
ap-830	201	22	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	201	23	in	in	ADP
ap-830	201	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	201	25	subsurface	subsurface	NOUN
ap-830	201	26	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	202	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	202	2	first	first	ADJ
ap-830	202	3	paper	paper	NOUN
ap-830	202	4	on	on	ADP
ap-830	202	5	this	this	DET
ap-830	202	6	topic	topic	NOUN
ap-830	202	7	was	be	AUX
ap-830	202	8	published	publish	VERB
ap-830	202	9	by	by	ADP
ap-830	202	10	pearson	pearson	PROPN
ap-830	202	11	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	202	12	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	202	13	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	202	14	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	202	15	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	202	16	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	202	17	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	202	18	39	39	NUM
ap-830	202	19	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	202	20	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	202	21	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	202	22	in	in	ADP
ap-830	202	23	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	202	24	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	202	25	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	202	26	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	202	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	203	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	203	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	203	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	204	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	204	2	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	204	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	205	1	6	6	NUM
ap-830	205	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	205	3	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	205	4	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ap-830	205	5	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	205	6	as	as	ADP
ap-830	205	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	205	8	function	function	NOUN
ap-830	205	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	205	10	notch	notch	ADJ
ap-830	205	11	radius	radius	NOUN
ap-830	205	12	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	205	13	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	206	1	7	7	NUM
ap-830	206	2	:	:	SYM
ap-830	206	3	three	three	NUM
ap-830	206	4	regions	region	NOUN
ap-830	206	5	of	of	ADP
ap-830	206	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	206	7	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	206	8	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	206	9	taken	take	VERB
ap-830	206	10	from	from	ADP
ap-830	206	11	[	[	X
ap-830	206	12	2	2	NUM
ap-830	206	13	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	206	14	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	206	15	in	in	ADP
ap-830	206	16	1975	1975	NUM
ap-830	206	17	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	207	1	he	he	PRON
ap-830	207	2	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	207	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	207	4	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	207	5	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	207	6	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	207	7	grew	grow	VERB
ap-830	207	8	more	more	ADV
ap-830	207	9	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
ap-830	207	10	than	than	ADP
ap-830	207	11	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	207	12	macro	macro	ADJ
ap-830	207	13	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	207	14	at	at	ADP
ap-830	207	15	nominally	nominally	ADV
ap-830	207	16	similar	similar	ADJ
ap-830	207	17	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	207	18	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	207	19	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	207	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	208	1	several	several	ADJ
ap-830	208	2	works	work	NOUN
ap-830	208	3	corroborated	corroborate	VERB
ap-830	208	4	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	208	5	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	208	6	could	could	AUX
ap-830	208	7	grow	grow	VERB
ap-830	208	8	at	at	ADP
ap-830	208	9	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	208	10	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	208	11	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	208	12	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	208	13	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	208	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	208	15	while	while	SCONJ
ap-830	208	16	macrocracks	macrocrack	NOUN
ap-830	208	17	did	do	AUX
ap-830	208	18	not	not	PART
ap-830	208	19	propagate	propagate	VERB
ap-830	208	20	at	at	ADP
ap-830	208	21	these	these	DET
ap-830	208	22	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	208	23	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	208	24	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	208	25	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	208	26	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	208	27	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	208	28	where	where	SCONJ
ap-830	208	29	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	208	30	k<	k<	NOUN
ap-830	208	31	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	208	32	kth	kth	PROPN
ap-830	208	33	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	209	1	exemplified	exemplify	VERB
ap-830	209	2	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	209	3	from	from	ADP
ap-830	209	4	wanhill	wanhill	NOUN
ap-830	209	5	is	be	AUX
ap-830	209	6	shown	show	VERB
ap-830	209	7	in	in	ADP
ap-830	209	8	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	209	9	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	210	1	8	8	X
ap-830	210	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	211	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	211	2	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	211	3	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	211	4	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	211	5	problem	problem	NOUN
ap-830	211	6	became	become	VERB
ap-830	211	7	a	a	DET
ap-830	211	8	theme	theme	NOUN
ap-830	211	9	for	for	ADP
ap-830	211	10	further	further	ADJ
ap-830	211	11	research	research	NOUN
ap-830	211	12	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	212	1	sundry	sundry	ADJ
ap-830	212	2	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	212	3	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	212	4	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
ap-830	212	5	extended	extend	VERB
ap-830	212	6	by	by	ADP
ap-830	212	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	212	8	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	212	9	structure	structure	NOUN
ap-830	212	10	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	212	11	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ap-830	212	12	grain	grain	NOUN
ap-830	212	13	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ap-830	212	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	212	15	pearlite	pearlite	NOUN
ap-830	212	16	in	in	ADP
ap-830	212	17	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	212	18	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	212	19	phase	phase	NOUN
ap-830	212	20	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
ap-830	212	21	universally	universally	ADV
ap-830	212	22	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	212	23	could	could	AUX
ap-830	212	24	be	be	AUX
ap-830	212	25	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
ap-830	212	26	for	for	ADP
ap-830	212	27	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	212	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	212	29	whilst	whilst	SCONJ
ap-830	212	30	they	they	PRON
ap-830	212	31	were	be	AUX
ap-830	212	32	less	less	ADV
ap-830	212	33	important	important	ADJ
ap-830	212	34	for	for	ADP
ap-830	212	35	macrocrack	macrocrack	ADJ
ap-830	212	36	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	212	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	213	1	as	as	ADP
ap-830	213	2	an	an	DET
ap-830	213	3	outcome	outcome	NOUN
ap-830	213	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	213	5	considerable	considerable	ADJ
ap-830	213	6	scatter	scatter	NOUN
ap-830	213	7	was	be	AUX
ap-830	213	8	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	213	9	in	in	ADP
ap-830	213	10	microcrack	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	213	11	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	213	12	rates	rate	NOUN
ap-830	213	13	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	214	1	besides	besides	SCONJ
ap-830	214	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	214	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	214	4	barriers	barrier	NOUN
ap-830	214	5	influencing	influence	VERB
ap-830	214	6	microcrack	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	214	7	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	214	8	could	could	AUX
ap-830	214	9	be	be	AUX
ap-830	214	10	entirely	entirely	ADV
ap-830	214	11	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	214	12	for	for	ADP
ap-830	214	13	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	214	14	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	214	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	215	1	although	although	SCONJ
ap-830	215	2	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
ap-830	215	3	for	for	ADP
ap-830	215	4	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	215	5	mechanics	mechanic	NOUN
ap-830	215	6	predictions	prediction	NOUN
ap-830	215	7	of	of	ADP
ap-830	215	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	215	9	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	215	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	215	11	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	215	12	were	be	AUX
ap-830	215	13	presented	present	VERB
ap-830	215	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	215	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	215	16	published	publish	VERB
ap-830	215	17	findings	finding	NOUN
ap-830	215	18	were	be	AUX
ap-830	215	19	not	not	PART
ap-830	215	20	always	always	ADV
ap-830	215	21	convincing	convincing	ADJ
ap-830	215	22	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	216	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
ap-830	216	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	216	3	it	it	PRON
ap-830	216	4	should	should	AUX
ap-830	216	5	be	be	AUX
ap-830	216	6	noted	note	VERB
ap-830	216	7	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	216	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	216	9	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	216	10	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	216	11	conception	conception	NOUN
ap-830	216	12	for	for	ADP
ap-830	216	13	such	such	ADJ
ap-830	216	14	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	216	15	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	216	16	in	in	ADP
ap-830	216	17	a	a	DET
ap-830	216	18	crystalline	crystalline	ADJ
ap-830	216	19	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	216	20	is	be	AUX
ap-830	216	21	made	make	VERB
ap-830	216	22	problematic	problematic	ADJ
ap-830	216	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	217	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	217	2	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	217	3	band	band	NOUN
ap-830	217	4	is	be	AUX
ap-830	217	5	a	a	DET
ap-830	217	6	plastic	plastic	ADJ
ap-830	217	7	region	region	NOUN
ap-830	217	8	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	217	9	its	its	PRON
ap-830	217	10	size	size	NOUN
ap-830	217	11	is	be	AUX
ap-830	217	12	not	not	PART
ap-830	217	13	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	217	14	in	in	ADP
ap-830	217	15	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ap-830	217	16	with	with	ADP
ap-830	217	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	217	18	microcrack	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	217	19	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	217	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	218	1	another	another	DET
ap-830	218	2	issue	issue	NOUN
ap-830	218	3	concerning	concern	VERB
ap-830	218	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	218	5	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	218	6	kth	kth	PROPN
ap-830	218	7	concept	concept	NOUN
ap-830	218	8	involves	involve	VERB
ap-830	218	9	macrocracks	macrocrack	NOUN
ap-830	218	10	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	219	1	why	why	SCONJ
ap-830	219	2	do	do	AUX
ap-830	219	3	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	219	4	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	219	5	stop	stop	VERB
ap-830	219	6	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	219	7	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	219	8	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	219	9	k<	k<	NOUN
ap-830	219	10	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	219	11	kth	kth	PROPN
ap-830	219	12	?	?	PUNCT
ap-830	220	1	a	a	DET
ap-830	220	2	formal	formal	ADJ
ap-830	220	3	answer	answer	NOUN
ap-830	220	4	to	to	ADP
ap-830	220	5	this	this	DET
ap-830	220	6	question	question	NOUN
ap-830	220	7	is	be	AUX
ap-830	220	8	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	220	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	220	10	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	220	11	driving	driving	NOUN
ap-830	220	12	force	force	NOUN
ap-830	220	13	does	do	AUX
ap-830	220	14	not	not	PART
ap-830	220	15	exceed	exceed	VERB
ap-830	220	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	220	17	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	220	18	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	220	19	resistance	resistance	NOUN
ap-830	220	20	of	of	ADP
ap-830	220	21	the	the	DET
ap-830	220	22	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	220	23	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	221	1	at	at	ADP
ap-830	221	2	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	221	3	k	k	NOUN
ap-830	221	4	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	221	5	values	value	VERB
ap-830	221	6	the	the	DET
ap-830	221	7	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	221	8	driving	driving	NOUN
ap-830	221	9	force	force	NOUN
ap-830	221	10	is	be	AUX
ap-830	221	11	low	low	ADJ
ap-830	221	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	221	13	which	which	PRON
ap-830	221	14	affects	affect	VERB
ap-830	221	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	221	16	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	221	17	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	221	18	microgeometry	microgeometry	NOUN
ap-830	221	19	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	222	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	222	2	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	222	3	front	front	NOUN
ap-830	222	4	becomes	become	VERB
ap-830	222	5	more	more	ADV
ap-830	222	6	tortuous	tortuous	ADJ
ap-830	222	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	222	8	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	222	9	the	the	DET
ap-830	222	10	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	222	11	closure	closure	NOUN
ap-830	222	12	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
ap-830	222	13	also	also	ADV
ap-830	222	14	changes	change	VERB
ap-830	222	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	223	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	223	2	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	223	3	driving	driving	NOUN
ap-830	223	4	force	force	NOUN
ap-830	223	5	may	may	AUX
ap-830	223	6	just	just	ADV
ap-830	223	7	no	no	ADV
ap-830	223	8	longer	long	ADV
ap-830	223	9	be	be	AUX
ap-830	223	10	capable	capable	ADJ
ap-830	223	11	of	of	ADP
ap-830	223	12	producing	produce	VERB
ap-830	223	13	further	further	ADJ
ap-830	223	14	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	223	15	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	223	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	224	1	a	a	DET
ap-830	224	2	concept	concept	NOUN
ap-830	224	3	to	to	PART
ap-830	224	4	be	be	AUX
ap-830	224	5	discussed	discuss	VERB
ap-830	224	6	is	be	AUX
ap-830	224	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	224	8	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ap-830	224	9	of	of	ADP
ap-830	224	10	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	224	11	closure	closure	NOUN
ap-830	224	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	224	13	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	224	14	more	more	ADV
ap-830	224	15	specifically	specifically	ADV
ap-830	224	16	plasticity	plasticity	NOUN
ap-830	224	17	induced	induce	VERB
ap-830	224	18	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	224	19	closure	closure	NOUN
ap-830	224	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	225	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	225	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	225	3	1960s	1960	NOUN
ap-830	225	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	225	5	elber	elber	NOUN
ap-830	225	6	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	225	7	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	225	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	225	9	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	225	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	225	11	a	a	DET
ap-830	225	12	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	225	13	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	225	14	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	225	15	in	in	ADP
ap-830	225	16	an	an	DET
ap-830	225	17	al	al	PROPN
ap-830	225	18	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	225	19	alloy	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	225	20	sheet	sheet	NOUN
ap-830	225	21	specimen	speciman	NOUN
ap-830	225	22	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	225	23	2024	2024	NUM
ap-830	225	24	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	225	25	t3	t3	NOUN
ap-830	225	26	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	225	27	could	could	AUX
ap-830	225	28	be	be	AUX
ap-830	225	29	closed	close	VERB
ap-830	225	30	at	at	ADP
ap-830	225	31	a	a	DET
ap-830	225	32	tensile	tensile	NOUN
ap-830	225	33	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	225	34	[	[	X
ap-830	225	35	13	13	NUM
ap-830	225	36	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	225	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	226	1	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	226	2	opening	opening	NOUN
ap-830	226	3	proved	prove	VERB
ap-830	226	4	to	to	PART
ap-830	226	5	be	be	AUX
ap-830	226	6	a	a	DET
ap-830	226	7	non	non	ADJ
ap-830	226	8	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	226	9	linear	linear	ADJ
ap-830	226	10	function	function	NOUN
ap-830	226	11	of	of	ADP
ap-830	226	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	226	13	applied	apply	VERB
ap-830	226	14	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	226	15	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	226	16	see	see	VERB
ap-830	226	17	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	226	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	227	1	9	9	NUM
ap-830	227	2	.	.	X
ap-830	227	3	during	during	ADP
ap-830	227	4	loading	load	VERB
ap-830	227	5	from	from	ADP
ap-830	227	6	s	s	PROPN
ap-830	227	7	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	227	8	0	0	PUNCT
ap-830	227	9	to	to	ADP
ap-830	227	10	s	s	PROPN
ap-830	227	11	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	227	12	sop	sop	PROPN
ap-830	227	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	227	14	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	227	15	opening	open	VERB
ap-830	227	16	displacement	displacement	NOUN
ap-830	227	17	is	be	AUX
ap-830	227	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	227	19	non	non	ADJ
ap-830	227	20	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	227	21	linear	linear	ADJ
ap-830	227	22	function	function	NOUN
ap-830	227	23	of	of	ADP
ap-830	227	24	the	the	DET
ap-830	227	25	applied	apply	VERB
ap-830	227	26	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	227	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	228	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	228	2	same	same	ADJ
ap-830	228	3	non	non	ADJ
ap-830	228	4	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	228	5	linear	linear	ADJ
ap-830	228	6	response	response	NOUN
ap-830	228	7	was	be	AUX
ap-830	228	8	observed	observe	VERB
ap-830	228	9	in	in	ADP
ap-830	228	10	unloading	unload	VERB
ap-830	228	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	229	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	229	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	229	3	course	course	NOUN
ap-830	229	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	229	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	229	6	non	non	ADJ
ap-830	229	7	-	-	ADJ
ap-830	229	8	linear	linear	ADJ
ap-830	229	9	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
ap-830	229	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	229	11	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	229	12	is	be	AUX
ap-830	229	13	partly	partly	ADV
ap-830	229	14	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	229	15	fully	fully	ADV
ap-830	229	16	closed	closed	ADJ
ap-830	229	17	due	due	ADJ
ap-830	229	18	to	to	ADP
ap-830	229	19	plastic	plastic	ADJ
ap-830	229	20	deformation	deformation	NOUN
ap-830	229	21	left	leave	VERB
ap-830	229	22	in	in	ADP
ap-830	229	23	the	the	DET
ap-830	229	24	wake	wake	NOUN
ap-830	229	25	of	of	ADP
ap-830	229	26	the	the	DET
ap-830	229	27	growing	grow	VERB
ap-830	229	28	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	229	29	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	230	1	elber	elber	PROPN
ap-830	230	2	discussed	discuss	VERB
ap-830	230	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	230	4	a	a	DET
ap-830	230	5	load	load	NOUN
ap-830	230	6	cycle	cycle	NOUN
ap-830	230	7	is	be	AUX
ap-830	230	8	only	only	ADV
ap-830	230	9	effective	effective	ADJ
ap-830	230	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	230	11	driving	drive	VERB
ap-830	230	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	230	13	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	230	14	of	of	ADP
ap-830	230	15	a	a	DET
ap-830	230	16	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	230	17	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	230	18	if	if	SCONJ
ap-830	230	19	the	the	DET
ap-830	230	20	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	230	21	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	230	22	is	be	AUX
ap-830	230	23	fully	fully	ADV
ap-830	230	24	open	open	ADJ
ap-830	230	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	231	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
ap-830	231	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	231	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	231	4	effective	effective	ADJ
ap-830	231	5	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	6	s	s	PART
ap-830	231	7	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	231	8	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	9	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	231	10	are	be	AUX
ap-830	231	11	expressed	express	VERB
ap-830	231	12	in	in	ADP
ap-830	231	13	the	the	DET
ap-830	231	14	form	form	NOUN
ap-830	231	15	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	231	16	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	17	s	s	PART
ap-830	231	18	s	s	PROPN
ap-830	231	19	seff	seff	PROPN
ap-830	231	20	op	op	NOUN
ap-830	231	21	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	22	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	23	max	max	PROPN
ap-830	231	24	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	231	25	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	26	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	27	k	k	PROPN
ap-830	231	28	s	s	PROPN
ap-830	231	29	aeff	aeff	PROPN
ap-830	231	30	eff	eff	PROPN
ap-830	231	31	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	32	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	231	33	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	231	34	6	6	NUM
ap-830	231	35	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	231	36	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	231	37	is	be	AUX
ap-830	231	38	the	the	DET
ap-830	231	39	geometry	geometry	NOUN
ap-830	231	40	factor	factor	NOUN
ap-830	231	41	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	231	42	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	232	1	elber	elber	PROPN
ap-830	232	2	supposed	suppose	VERB
ap-830	232	3	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	232	4	the	the	DET
ap-830	232	5	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	232	6	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	232	7	rate	rate	NOUN
ap-830	232	8	is	be	AUX
ap-830	232	9	a	a	DET
ap-830	232	10	function	function	NOUN
ap-830	232	11	of	of	ADP
ap-830	232	12	�	�	NOUN
ap-830	232	13	keff	keff	NOUN
ap-830	232	14	only	only	ADV
ap-830	232	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	233	1	d	d	X
ap-830	233	2	d	d	X
ap-830	233	3	eff	eff	PROPN
ap-830	233	4	a	a	PROPN
ap-830	233	5	n	n	PROPN
ap-830	233	6	f	f	PROPN
ap-830	233	7	k	k	X
ap-830	233	8	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	9	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	233	10	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	233	11	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	12	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	233	13	7	7	X
ap-830	233	14	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	233	15	he	he	PRON
ap-830	233	16	derived	derive	VERB
ap-830	233	17	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	233	18	the	the	DET
ap-830	233	19	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	233	20	opening	open	VERB
ap-830	233	21	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	233	22	level	level	NOUN
ap-830	233	23	depends	depend	VERB
ap-830	233	24	on	on	ADP
ap-830	233	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	233	26	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	233	27	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ap-830	233	28	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	233	29	for	for	ADP
ap-830	233	30	which	which	PRON
ap-830	233	31	elber	elber	NOUN
ap-830	233	32	presented	present	VERB
ap-830	233	33	the	the	DET
ap-830	233	34	relation	relation	NOUN
ap-830	233	35	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	233	36	u	u	PROPN
ap-830	233	37	s	s	X
ap-830	233	38	s	s	X
ap-830	233	39	f	f	NOUN
ap-830	233	40	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	233	41	r	r	PROPN
ap-830	233	42	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	43	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	44	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	45	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	46	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	47	�	�	PROPN
ap-830	233	48	eff	eff	PROPN
ap-830	233	49	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	233	50	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	233	51	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	234	1	.05	.05	NUM
ap-830	234	2	0	0	NUM
ap-830	234	3	4	4	NUM
ap-830	234	4	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	234	5	for	for	ADP
ap-830	234	6	2024	2024	NUM
ap-830	234	7	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	234	8	t3	t3	PROPN
ap-830	234	9	al	al	PROPN
ap-830	234	10	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	234	11	alloy	alloy	NOUN
ap-830	234	12	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	234	13	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	235	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	235	2	8)	8)	NUM
ap-830	235	3	40	40	NUM
ap-830	235	4	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	235	5	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	235	6	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	235	7	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	235	8	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	235	9	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	235	10	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	235	11	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	235	12	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	235	13	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	235	14	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	236	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	237	1	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	237	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	238	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	238	2	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	238	3	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	238	4	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	238	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	238	6	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	238	7	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	238	8	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	239	1	8	8	NUM
ap-830	239	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	239	3	wanhill	wanhill	PROPN
ap-830	239	4	’s	’s	PART
ap-830	239	5	results	result	NOUN
ap-830	239	6	for	for	ADP
ap-830	239	7	large	large	ADJ
ap-830	239	8	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	239	9	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	239	10	small	small	ADJ
ap-830	239	11	microcracks	microcrack	NOUN
ap-830	239	12	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	239	13	taken	take	VERB
ap-830	239	14	from	from	ADP
ap-830	239	15	[	[	X
ap-830	239	16	2	2	NUM
ap-830	239	17	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	239	18	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	239	19	in	in	ADP
ap-830	239	20	addition	addition	NOUN
ap-830	239	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	239	22	he	he	PRON
ap-830	239	23	proposed	propose	VERB
ap-830	239	24	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	239	25	the	the	DET
ap-830	239	26	relation	relation	NOUN
ap-830	239	27	should	should	AUX
ap-830	239	28	be	be	AUX
ap-830	239	29	independent	independent	ADJ
ap-830	239	30	of	of	ADP
ap-830	239	31	the	the	DET
ap-830	239	32	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	239	33	length	length	NOUN
ap-830	239	34	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	240	1	the	the	DET
ap-830	240	2	elber	elber	PROPN
ap-830	240	3	approach	approach	NOUN
ap-830	240	4	continued	continue	VERB
ap-830	240	5	in	in	ADP
ap-830	240	6	later	late	ADJ
ap-830	240	7	investigations	investigation	NOUN
ap-830	240	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	240	9	partly	partly	ADV
ap-830	240	10	because	because	SCONJ
ap-830	240	11	it	it	PRON
ap-830	240	12	was	be	AUX
ap-830	240	13	attractive	attractive	ADJ
ap-830	240	14	to	to	PART
ap-830	240	15	present	present	VERB
ap-830	240	16	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	240	17	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	240	18	data	datum	NOUN
ap-830	240	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	240	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	240	21	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	240	22	for	for	ADP
ap-830	240	23	various	various	ADJ
ap-830	240	24	r	r	NOUN
ap-830	240	25	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	240	26	values	value	NOUN
ap-830	240	27	by	by	ADP
ap-830	240	28	just	just	ADV
ap-830	240	29	a	a	DET
ap-830	240	30	single	single	ADJ
ap-830	240	31	curve	curve	NOUN
ap-830	240	32	according	accord	VERB
ap-830	240	33	to	to	ADP
ap-830	240	34	eq	eq	PROPN
ap-830	240	35	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	241	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	241	2	7	7	X
ap-830	241	3	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	241	4	it	it	PRON
ap-830	241	5	turned	turn	VERB
ap-830	241	6	out	out	ADP
ap-830	241	7	that	that	SCONJ
ap-830	241	8	the	the	DET
ap-830	241	9	relation	relation	NOUN
ap-830	241	10	in	in	ADP
ap-830	241	11	eq	eq	ADP
ap-830	241	12	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	242	1	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	242	2	8)	8)	NUM
ap-830	242	3	could	could	AUX
ap-830	242	4	be	be	AUX
ap-830	242	5	markedly	markedly	ADV
ap-830	242	6	different	different	ADJ
ap-830	242	7	for	for	ADP
ap-830	242	8	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	242	9	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	242	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	242	11	which	which	PRON
ap-830	242	12	is	be	AUX
ap-830	242	13	not	not	PART
ap-830	242	14	surprising	surprising	ADJ
ap-830	242	15	as	as	SCONJ
ap-830	242	16	the	the	DET
ap-830	242	17	cyclic	cyclic	ADJ
ap-830	242	18	plastic	plastic	NOUN
ap-830	242	19	behavior	behavior	NOUN
ap-830	242	20	depends	depend	VERB
ap-830	242	21	on	on	ADP
ap-830	242	22	the	the	DET
ap-830	242	23	type	type	NOUN
ap-830	242	24	of	of	ADP
ap-830	242	25	material	material	NOUN
ap-830	242	26	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	243	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	243	2	the	the	DET
ap-830	243	3	1980s	1980	NOUN
ap-830	243	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	243	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	243	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	243	7	closure	closure	NOUN
ap-830	243	8	approach	approach	NOUN
ap-830	243	9	was	be	AUX
ap-830	243	10	much	much	ADV
ap-830	243	11	embraced	embrace	VERB
ap-830	243	12	by	by	ADP
ap-830	243	13	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ap-830	243	14	on	on	ADP
ap-830	243	15	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	243	16	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	243	17	versions	version	NOUN
ap-830	243	18	for	for	ADP
ap-830	243	19	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	243	20	subject	subject	NOUN
ap-830	243	21	to	to	ADP
ap-830	243	22	variable	variable	ADJ
ap-830	243	23	amplitude	amplitude	NOUN
ap-830	243	24	loading	loading	NOUN
ap-830	243	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	244	1	5	5	NUM
ap-830	244	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ap-830	244	3	the	the	DET
ap-830	244	4	major	major	ADJ
ap-830	244	5	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
ap-830	244	6	are	be	AUX
ap-830	244	7	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	244	8	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	244	9	i	i	NOUN
ap-830	244	10	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	244	11	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	244	12	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	244	13	is	be	AUX
ap-830	244	14	a	a	DET
ap-830	244	15	product	product	NOUN
ap-830	244	16	of	of	ADP
ap-830	244	17	the	the	DET
ap-830	244	18	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	244	19	of	of	ADP
ap-830	244	20	a	a	DET
ap-830	244	21	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	244	22	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	244	23	the	the	DET
ap-830	244	24	follow	follow	VERB
ap-830	244	25	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	244	26	up	up	NOUN
ap-830	244	27	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	244	28	of	of	ADP
ap-830	244	29	this	this	DET
ap-830	244	30	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	244	31	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	244	32	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	244	33	ii	ii	NOUN
ap-830	244	34	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	244	35	in	in	ADP
ap-830	244	36	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ
ap-830	244	37	metals	metal	NOUN
ap-830	244	38	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	244	39	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	244	40	initiate	initiate	VERB
ap-830	244	41	at	at	ADP
ap-830	244	42	a	a	DET
ap-830	244	43	free	free	ADJ
ap-830	244	44	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	244	45	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	244	46	no	no	DET
ap-830	244	47	damage	damage	NOUN
ap-830	244	48	proceeds	proceed	NOUN
ap-830	244	49	in	in	ADP
ap-830	244	50	metal	metal	NOUN
ap-830	244	51	far	far	ADV
ap-830	244	52	afield	afield	ADV
ap-830	244	53	from	from	ADP
ap-830	244	54	this	this	DET
ap-830	244	55	surface	surface	NOUN
ap-830	244	56	by	by	ADP
ap-830	244	57	cyclic	cyclic	NOUN
ap-830	244	58	stressing	stressing	NOUN
ap-830	244	59	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	244	60	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	244	61	iii	iii	X
ap-830	244	62	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	244	63	the	the	DET
ap-830	244	64	initiation	initiation	NOUN
ap-830	244	65	of	of	ADP
ap-830	244	66	a	a	DET
ap-830	244	67	slip	slip	NOUN
ap-830	244	68	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	244	69	band	band	NOUN
ap-830	244	70	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	244	71	is	be	AUX
ap-830	244	72	possible	possible	ADJ
ap-830	244	73	only	only	ADV
ap-830	244	74	in	in	ADP
ap-830	244	75	ductile	ductile	NOUN
ap-830	244	76	metals	metal	NOUN
ap-830	244	77	;	;	PUNCT
ap-830	244	78	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	244	79	iv	iv	X
ap-830	244	80	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	244	81	other	other	ADJ
ap-830	244	82	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	244	83	can	can	AUX
ap-830	244	84	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ap-830	244	85	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	244	86	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
ap-830	244	87	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	244	88	though	though	SCONJ
ap-830	244	89	this	this	PRON
ap-830	244	90	is	be	AUX
ap-830	244	91	owing	owe	VERB
ap-830	244	92	to	to	ADP
ap-830	244	93	the	the	DET
ap-830	244	94	growth	growth	NOUN
ap-830	244	95	of	of	ADP
ap-830	244	96	a	a	DET
ap-830	244	97	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	244	98	from	from	ADP
ap-830	244	99	some	some	DET
ap-830	244	100	initial	initial	ADJ
ap-830	244	101	flaw	flaw	NOUN
ap-830	244	102	or	or	CCONJ
ap-830	244	103	fault	fault	NOUN
ap-830	244	104	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	245	1	acknowledgments	acknowledgment	NOUN
ap-830	245	2	this	this	DET
ap-830	245	3	work	work	NOUN
ap-830	245	4	was	be	AUX
ap-830	245	5	supported	support	VERB
ap-830	245	6	by	by	ADP
ap-830	245	7	the	the	DET
ap-830	245	8	grant	grant	PROPN
ap-830	245	9	agency	agency	NOUN
ap-830	245	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	245	11	the	the	DET
ap-830	245	12	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	245	13	republic	republic	NOUN
ap-830	245	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	245	15	under	under	ADP
ap-830	245	16	project	project	NOUN
ap-830	245	17	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	245	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	246	1	103/06/1382	103/06/1382	NOUN
ap-830	246	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	247	1	references	reference	NOUN
ap-830	247	2	[	[	X
ap-830	247	3	1	1	NUM
ap-830	247	4	]	]	X
ap-830	247	5	forsyth	forsyth	NOUN
ap-830	247	6	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	247	7	p.	p.	PROPN
ap-830	247	8	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	247	9	e.	e.	PROPN
ap-830	247	10	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	247	11	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	247	12	the	the	DET
ap-830	247	13	application	application	NOUN
ap-830	247	14	of	of	ADP
ap-830	247	15	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	247	16	fractography	fractography	NOUN
ap-830	247	17	”	"	PUNCT
ap-830	247	18	to	to	ADP
ap-830	247	19	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	247	20	failure	failure	NOUN
ap-830	247	21	investigations	investigation	NOUN
ap-830	247	22	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	247	23	”	"	PUNCT
ap-830	248	1	roy	roy	PROPN
ap-830	248	2	aircraft	aircraft	PROPN
ap-830	248	3	est	est	X
ap-830	248	4	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	248	5	tech	tech	NOUN
ap-830	248	6	note	note	NOUN
ap-830	248	7	met	meet	VERB
ap-830	248	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	248	9	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	248	10	1957	1957	NUM
ap-830	248	11	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	248	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	248	13	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	248	14	257	257	NUM
ap-830	248	15	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	249	1	[	[	X
ap-830	249	2	2	2	NUM
ap-830	249	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	249	4	schijve	schijve	NOUN
ap-830	249	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	249	6	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	249	7	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	249	8	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	249	9	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	249	10	of	of	ADP
ap-830	249	11	structures	structure	NOUN
ap-830	249	12	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	249	13	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	249	14	in	in	ADP
ap-830	249	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	249	16	20th	20th	ADJ
ap-830	249	17	century	century	NOUN
ap-830	249	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	250	1	inter	inter	PROPN
ap-830	250	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ap-830	250	3	of	of	ADP
ap-830	250	4	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	250	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	250	6	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	250	7	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	251	1	25	25	NUM
ap-830	251	2	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	251	3	2003	2003	NUM
ap-830	251	4	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	251	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	251	6	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	251	7	679–702	679–702	NUM
ap-830	251	8	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	252	1	[	[	X
ap-830	252	2	3	3	NUM
ap-830	252	3	]	]	X
ap-830	252	4	young	young	ADJ
ap-830	252	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	252	6	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	252	7	m.	m.	PROPN
ap-830	252	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	252	9	greenough	greenough	NOUN
ap-830	252	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	252	11	a.	a.	NOUN
ap-830	252	12	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	252	13	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	252	14	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	252	15	inst	inst	PROPN
ap-830	252	16	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	252	17	metals	metal	NOUN
ap-830	252	18	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	252	19	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	252	20	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	252	21	89	89	NUM
ap-830	252	22	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	252	23	1960–1	1960–1	NUM
ap-830	252	24	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	252	25	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	252	26	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	252	27	241	241	NUM
ap-830	252	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	253	1	[	[	X
ap-830	253	2	4	4	NUM
ap-830	253	3	]	]	X
ap-830	253	4	modlen	modlen	ADJ
ap-830	253	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	253	6	g.	g.	PROPN
ap-830	253	7	f.	f.	PROPN
ap-830	253	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	253	9	smith	smith	PROPN
ap-830	253	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	253	11	g.	g.	PROPN
ap-830	253	12	c.	c.	PROPN
ap-830	253	13	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	253	14	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	253	15	iron	iron	PROPN
ap-830	253	16	steel	steel	NOUN
ap-830	253	17	inst	inst	PROPN
ap-830	253	18	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	253	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	253	20	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	253	21	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	253	22	194	194	NUM
ap-830	253	23	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	253	24	1960	1960	NUM
ap-830	253	25	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	253	26	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	254	1	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	254	2	459	459	NUM
ap-830	254	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	255	1	[	[	X
ap-830	255	2	5	5	NUM
ap-830	255	3	]	]	X
ap-830	255	4	ryder	ryder	PROPN
ap-830	255	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	255	6	d.	d.	PROPN
ap-830	255	7	a.	a.	PROPN
ap-830	255	8	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	255	9	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	255	10	some	some	DET
ap-830	255	11	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
ap-830	255	12	information	information	NOUN
ap-830	255	13	obtained	obtain	VERB
ap-830	255	14	from	from	ADP
ap-830	255	15	the	the	DET
ap-830	255	16	examination	examination	NOUN
ap-830	255	17	of	of	ADP
ap-830	255	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	255	19	fracture	fracture	NOUN
ap-830	255	20	surfaces	surface	NOUN
ap-830	255	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	255	22	”	"	PUNCT
ap-830	255	23	roy	roy	PROPN
ap-830	255	24	aircraft	aircraft	PROPN
ap-830	255	25	est	est	X
ap-830	255	26	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	255	27	tech	tech	NOUN
ap-830	255	28	note	note	NOUN
ap-830	255	29	met	meet	VERB
ap-830	255	30	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	255	31	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	255	32	1958	1958	NUM
ap-830	255	33	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	255	34	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	255	35	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	255	36	288	288	NUM
ap-830	255	37	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	256	1	[	[	X
ap-830	256	2	6	6	NUM
ap-830	256	3	]	]	X
ap-830	256	4	bowles	bowle	NOUN
ap-830	256	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	256	6	c.	c.	PROPN
ap-830	256	7	q	q	PROPN
ap-830	256	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	256	9	schijve	schijve	PROPN
ap-830	256	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	256	11	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	256	12	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	256	13	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	256	14	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	256	15	tip	tip	NOUN
ap-830	256	16	geometry	geometry	NOUN
ap-830	256	17	for	for	ADP
ap-830	256	18	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	256	19	cracks	crack	NOUN
ap-830	256	20	grown	grow	VERB
ap-830	256	21	in	in	ADP
ap-830	256	22	air	air	NOUN
ap-830	256	23	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	256	24	vacuum	vacuum	NOUN
ap-830	256	25	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	256	26	”	"	PUNCT
ap-830	257	1	in	in	ADP
ap-830	257	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	257	3	astm	astm	PROPN
ap-830	257	4	811	811	NUM
ap-830	257	5	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	257	6	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
ap-830	257	7	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	257	8	pa	pa	PROPN
ap-830	257	9	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	257	10	american	american	ADJ
ap-830	257	11	society	society	NOUN
ap-830	257	12	for	for	ADP
ap-830	257	13	testing	testing	NOUN
ap-830	257	14	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	257	15	materials	material	NOUN
ap-830	257	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	257	17	1983	1983	NUM
ap-830	257	18	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	257	19	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	257	20	400–426	400–426	NUM
ap-830	257	21	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	258	1	[	[	X
ap-830	258	2	7	7	NUM
ap-830	258	3	]	]	X
ap-830	258	4	forsyth	forsyth	NOUN
ap-830	258	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	258	6	p.	p.	PROPN
ap-830	258	7	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	258	8	e.	e.	PROPN
ap-830	258	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	258	10	ryder	ryder	PROPN
ap-830	258	11	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	258	12	d.	d.	PROPN
ap-830	258	13	a.	a.	PROPN
ap-830	258	14	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	258	15	aircraft	aircraft	NOUN
ap-830	258	16	engineering	engineering	NOUN
ap-830	258	17	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	258	18	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	258	19	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	258	20	32	32	NUM
ap-830	258	21	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	258	22	1960	1960	NUM
ap-830	258	23	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	258	24	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	258	25	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	258	26	96	96	NUM
ap-830	258	27	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	259	1	[	[	X
ap-830	259	2	8	8	NUM
ap-830	259	3	]	]	X
ap-830	259	4	pook	pook	NOUN
ap-830	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	259	6	l.	l.	PROPN
ap-830	259	7	p.	p.	PROPN
ap-830	259	8	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	259	9	hawker	hawker	PROPN
ap-830	259	10	siddeley	siddeley	PROPN
ap-830	259	11	aviation	aviation	PROPN
ap-830	259	12	ltd	ltd	PROPN
ap-830	259	13	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	259	14	unpublished	unpublished	ADJ
ap-830	259	15	report	report	NOUN
ap-830	259	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	259	17	1962	1962	NUM
ap-830	259	18	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	260	1	[	[	X
ap-830	260	2	9	9	NUM
ap-830	260	3	]	]	X
ap-830	260	4	mc	mc	PROPN
ap-830	260	5	millan	millan	PROPN
ap-830	260	6	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	260	7	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	260	8	c.	c.	PROPN
ap-830	260	9	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	260	10	pelloux	pelloux	NOUN
ap-830	260	11	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	260	12	r.	r.	PROPN
ap-830	260	13	m.	m.	PROPN
ap-830	260	14	n.	n.	PROPN
ap-830	260	15	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	260	16	boeing	boeing	PROPN
ap-830	260	17	scientific	scientific	ADJ
ap-830	260	18	research	research	NOUN
ap-830	260	19	lab	lab	NOUN
ap-830	260	20	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	261	1	document	document	NOUN
ap-830	261	2	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	261	3	d1	d1	PROPN
ap-830	261	4	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	261	5	82	82	NUM
ap-830	261	6	-	-	PUNCT
ap-830	261	7	0558	0558	NUM
ap-830	261	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	261	9	1966	1966	NUM
ap-830	261	10	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	262	1	[	[	X
ap-830	262	2	10	10	NUM
ap-830	262	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	262	4	plumbridge	plumbridge	NOUN
ap-830	262	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	262	6	w.	w.	PROPN
ap-830	262	7	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	262	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	262	9	ryder	ryder	PROPN
ap-830	262	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	262	11	d.	d.	PROPN
ap-830	262	12	a.	a.	PROPN
ap-830	262	13	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	262	14	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	262	15	metall	metall	PROPN
ap-830	262	16	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	262	17	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	262	18	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	262	19	17	17	NUM
ap-830	262	20	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	262	21	1969	1969	NUM
ap-830	262	22	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	262	23	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	262	24	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	262	25	1449	1449	NUM
ap-830	262	26	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	263	1	[	[	X
ap-830	263	2	11	11	NUM
ap-830	263	3	]	]	X
ap-830	263	4	frost	frost	NOUN
ap-830	263	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	6	n.	n.	PROPN
ap-830	263	7	e.	e.	PROPN
ap-830	263	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	9	holden	holden	PROPN
ap-830	263	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	11	j.	j.	PROPN
ap-830	263	12	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	13	phillips	phillips	PROPN
ap-830	263	14	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	15	c.	c.	PROPN
ap-830	263	16	e.	e.	PROPN
ap-830	263	17	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	263	18	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	263	19	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	263	20	symposium	symposium	NOUN
ap-830	263	21	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	22	cranfield	cranfield	NOUN
ap-830	263	23	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	24	1961	1961	NUM
ap-830	263	25	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	263	26	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	263	27	166	166	NUM
ap-830	263	28	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	264	1	[	[	X
ap-830	264	2	12	12	NUM
ap-830	264	3	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	264	4	head	head	NOUN
ap-830	264	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	264	6	a.	a.	PROPN
ap-830	264	7	k.	k.	PROPN
ap-830	264	8	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	264	9	phil	phil	PROPN
ap-830	264	10	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	265	1	mag	mag	INTJ
ap-830	265	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	265	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	265	4	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	265	5	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	266	1	44	44	NUM
ap-830	266	2	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	266	3	1953	1953	NUM
ap-830	266	4	)	)	PUNCT
ap-830	266	5	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	267	1	p.	p.	NOUN
ap-830	267	2	925	925	NUM
ap-830	267	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	268	1	[	[	X
ap-830	268	2	13	13	NUM
ap-830	268	3	]	]	SYM
ap-830	268	4	elber	elber	PROPN
ap-830	268	5	w.	w.	PROPN
ap-830	268	6	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	268	7	“	"	PUNCT
ap-830	268	8	fatigue	fatigue	NOUN
ap-830	268	9	crack	crack	VERB
ap-830	268	10	propagation	propagation	NOUN
ap-830	268	11	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	268	12	”	"	PUNCT
ap-830	269	1	phd	phd	NOUN
ap-830	269	2	thesis	thesis	NOUN
ap-830	269	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	269	4	university	university	NOUN
ap-830	269	5	new	new	ADJ
ap-830	269	6	south	south	PROPN
ap-830	269	7	wales	wales	PROPN
ap-830	269	8	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	269	9	australia	australia	PROPN
ap-830	269	10	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	269	11	1968	1968	NUM
ap-830	269	12	doc	doc	PROPN
ap-830	269	13	.	.	PROPN
ap-830	270	1	ing	ing	PROPN
ap-830	270	2	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	271	1	petr	petr	PROPN
ap-830	271	2	brož	brož	PROPN
ap-830	271	3	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	271	4	drsc	drsc	PROPN
ap-830	271	5	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	272	1	e	e	X
ap-830	272	2	-	-	NOUN
ap-830	272	3	mail	mail	NOUN
ap-830	272	4	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	272	5	broz.petr@tiscali.cz	broz.petr@tiscali.cz	SCONJ
ap-830	272	6	czech	czech	ADJ
ap-830	272	7	institution	institution	NOUN
ap-830	272	8	of	of	ADP
ap-830	272	9	structural	structural	ADJ
ap-830	272	10	and	and	CCONJ
ap-830	272	11	civil	civil	ADJ
ap-830	272	12	engineers	engineer	NOUN
ap-830	272	13	sokolská	sokolská	VERB
ap-830	272	14	15	15	NUM
ap-830	272	15	120	120	NUM
ap-830	272	16	00	00	NUM
ap-830	272	17	prague	prague	NOUN
ap-830	272	18	2	2	NUM
ap-830	272	19	,	,	PUNCT
ap-830	272	20	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	272	21	republic	republic	NOUN
ap-830	272	22	©	©	PROPN
ap-830	272	23	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	272	24	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	272	25	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	272	26	publishing	publishing	NOUN
ap-830	272	27	house	house	NOUN
ap-830	272	28	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	http://ctn.cvut.cz/ap/	PROPN
ap-830	272	29	41	41	NUM
ap-830	272	30	czech	czech	PROPN
ap-830	272	31	technical	technical	PROPN
ap-830	272	32	university	university	PROPN
ap-830	272	33	in	in	ADP
ap-830	272	34	prague	prague	PROPN
ap-830	272	35	acta	acta	PROPN
ap-830	272	36	polytechnica	polytechnica	PROPN
ap-830	272	37	vol	vol	NOUN
ap-830	272	38	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	273	1	46	46	NUM
ap-830	273	2	no	no	NOUN
ap-830	273	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	274	1	3/2006	3/2006	NUM
ap-830	274	2	fig	fig	NOUN
ap-830	274	3	.	.	PUNCT
ap-830	275	1	9	9	NUM
ap-830	275	2	:	:	PUNCT
ap-830	275	3	measurement	measurement	NOUN
ap-830	275	4	of	of	ADP
ap-830	275	5	the	the	DET
ap-830	275	6	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	275	7	opening	open	VERB
ap-830	275	8	displacement	displacement	NOUN
ap-830	275	9	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
ap-830	275	10	the	the	DET
ap-830	275	11	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ap-830	275	12	of	of	ADP
ap-830	275	13	plasticity	plasticity	NOUN
ap-830	275	14	induced	induce	VERB
ap-830	275	15	crack	crack	NOUN
ap-830	275	16	closure	closure	NOUN
ap-830	275	17	at	at	ADP
ap-830	275	18	a	a	DET
ap-830	275	19	positive	positive	ADJ
ap-830	275	20	stress	stress	NOUN
ap-830	275	21	(	(	PUNCT
ap-830	275	22	taken	take	VERB
ap-830	275	23	from	from	ADP
ap-830	275	24	[	[	X
ap-830	275	25	13	13	NUM
ap-830	275	26	]	]	PUNCT
ap-830	275	27	)	)	PUNCT