id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ajlm-2516	Obi, Chikwelu L.; Olowoyo, Joshua O.; Malevu, Thembinkosi D.; Mugivhisa, Lizwe L.; Hungwe, Taurai; Ogunrombi, Modupe O.; Mkolo, Nqobile M.	Impact of artificial intelligence and digital technology-based diagnostic tools for communicable and non-communicable diseases in Africa	2024		.htm	text/html	9654	496	41	Big data involves large volume, high speed, and multiplicity of information processing for better insights, decision-making and automation.2 Quantum computing is useful in healthcare, including machine learning (ML) methods to diagnose diseases.1 Artificial intelligence is an emerging area in science and technology that may soon change every aspect of human life.3 Kayembe and Nel define AI as computer systems that can complete complex functions related to human intelligence.1 Artificial intelligence is the use of technologies that provide alternatives to human functions by allowing machines to perform effective functions that were previously carried out by humans by mimicking human action.3 From the foregoing, AI could thus be seen as a subset of digital transformation to perform different tasks that require human intelligence using computing devices such as robots.4 It is evident from the literature that AI alters the way humans perform their functions and leads to increased productivity in various sectors.5 Sub-fields of AI include: Machine Learning, which involves pattern discovery and evaluation from data sets, leading to machines’ performance improvement as the machines learn; Deep Learning, a sub-field of ML, comprising neural networks to facilitate ML in order for machines to formulate their own decisions; Natural Language Processing, a way that computers unearth data on human language to formulate decisions; and Computer Vision, which enables computers to acquire information and understanding from images or videos.6 Apart from what has been discussed earlier, AI technologies also encompass rule-based systems, robotic processing automation, clinical decision support systems, and generative adversarial networks, among others.6 Even though AI is a rapidly growing field all over the world, the adoption rate varies between developed and developing countries.7 In some countries, arguments against the use of AI include ethical use, which may violate the rights of citizens and cause loss of employment, especially for those with low skills.8 For example, through applications of deep learning in Kenya, healthcare services are now available to people without visiting hospitals or medical doctors, and in Nigeria, Zenvus, an electronic sensor, provides soil component information to farmers.3,6 South Africa has witnessed appreciable growth in AI research and application, especially in relation to power utilities and tax compliance.11 Also in South Africa, the Mukuru mobile phone application is assisting immigrants to send money home to their loved ones without physically visiting a bank for such transactions.11 In 2020, Okolo et al. also noted that the implementation of AI in African laboratories, particularly in low-resource contexts, is a growing area of interest.12 The 2023 report of Manson13 showed that AI has been included in some fields of medicine and laboratories in Africa.	cache/ajlm-2516.htm	txt/ajlm-2516.txt