Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and 

Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

Jhon Hardy Purba
*
, I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi 

Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Panji Sakti, Singaraja - Bali, Indonesia 

*
Corresponding author email: jhonhardy@yahoo.com 

ABSTRACT 
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of media types, varieties and their combinations on the 

growth and yield of lettuce with hydroponic wick system cultivation. This research was carried out in the 

agronet house of the Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Panji Sakti University, 

Singaraja with an altitude of 39 meters above sea level (above sea level) from May to July 2019. The 

experimental design used in this study was factorial randomized block design (RBD) which consisted of two 

factors, the first factor was growing media in a net pot (M) with 3 types, namely rockwool growing media 

(M1); husk charcoal growing media (M2), and coco peat growing media (M3), and the second factor is the 

variety (V) which consists of 2 types, namely the frizzy lettuce (V1) and the red lettuce (V2). The results of 

this study showed that the best medium which gave greater result was husk charcoal medium and compared 

to rockwool and cocopeat, the frizzy lettuce was better than the red lettuce, and the combination of the husk 

charcoal medium and the frizzy lettuce variety gave the best growth and yield parameters. 

 

Keywords: coco peat, husk charcoal, hydroponics wick system, lettuce varieties, rockwool, , 

 

1. INTRODUCTION 

In the Hydroponic Wick System, only requires wick that can be connected between the 

nutrient solutions in the container with the planting medium. The nutrient solution is drawn into the 

planting medium from the container through the wick, air and nutrients will be able to reach the 

plant roots by utilizing the capillary power on the wick. An air pump is needed to pump air into a 

water and nutrient solution, an air stone (aerator / water pump) is needed which can create bubbles 

to supply oxygen. The highest production and profitability of lettuce were found using 

uninterrupted nutrient solution flow, which provided higher shoot and root nutrient contents to 

plants, and resulted in a better nutrient use efficiency (Ali et al., 2020; Dalastra et al., 2020; Kristi, 

2018; Madar et al., 2019). 

The nutrients dissolved in water used in hydroponics are mostly inorganic and in the ionic 

form. The main nutrients include dissolved captions (positively charged ions), namely Ca
2+

 

(calcium), Mg
2+

 (magnesium), and K
+
 (potassium), the main nutrient solution in the form of 

anions (positively charged ions) is NO3
-
 (nitrate). ), SO4

2-
 (sulfate), and H2PO4- (dihydrogen 

phosphate). AB Mix nutrients used in hydroponics are inorganic salts that contain macro and micro 

elements. Inorganic salts are more water soluble and do not produce sediment. Giving AB mixture 

increases the number of leaves. AB-mix application affected all observed variables: plant height, 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

leaf width, leaf number, and leaf chlorophyll, but it was not significant for root length (Rosnina & 

Mauliza, 2020).  

In general, the planting medium used for lettuce cultivation with a hydroponic system is 

rockwool. Rockwool has the advantages of being suitable for all types of plants, easy to absorb air, 

free of pathogens, practical and environmentally friendly but rockwool has disadvantages that are 

difficult to find because not all agricultural shops provide this planting medium and the price is 

relatively expensive. 

Husk charcoal is commonly used for hydroponic growing media compared to coconut husk 

powder. Several studies have stated that coconut coir has excellent storage capacity (Muhit, and 

Qudriyah, 2016). According to (Wuryaningsih et al., 2003) stated that coconut husk powder media 

can produce shoots and rose flowers significantly more than sawdust media, because the nutrients 

that are absorbed, especially N in the coconut husk powder media are more than that of sawdust. 

Application of biological fertilizer has a significant effect on the growth and yield of pakcoy 

(Purba et al., 2019) and shallot (Purba et al., 2020). The results of the total fruit weight in the 

media with the addition of coconut husk powder charcoal are equivalent to the results of the total 

fruit weight of the husk charcoal media so that the coconut husk powder charcoal can be used as a 

hydroponic medium. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) is a horticultural commodity that is widely 

consumed by people because of its attractive texture and color (Indrawati et al., 2012; Wonning, 

2018). 

Increasing production and improving the quality of production are carried out by means of 

hydroponics. The success of hydroponic cultivation of vegetables is determined by the nutrient 

solution given, therefore all nutritional needs are strived to be available in the right amount and 

easily absorbed by plants (Jones, 2005). The purpose of this study was to determine the types of 

growing media, varieties, and interactions of types of growing media and varieties of lettuce which 

gave the best growth and yield of lettuce in lettuce cultivation using the hydroponic wick system. 

 

2. RESEARCH METHODS  

This research was carried out in the paranet house of the Faculty of Agriculture, Panji 

Sakti University from March to April 2020. With an altitude of 39 meters above sea level. The 

materials used in this study were: Styrofoam 50 cm long, 35 cm wide and 14 cm high, bamboo, 

UV plastic, lettuce seeds, rockwool, plastic cups, plaster, AB Mix nutrients, and flannel. The tools 

used in this research were: type LP 40 aerator, TDS meter, pH meter, measuring cup, tweezers, 

solder, knife, scissors, hot glue gun, hole saw, hand drill, scale, and writing tools. 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors. The first 

factor was the planting medium in a netpot (M) with 3 levels, namely M1: rockwool growing 

media, M2: husk charcoal growing media, and M3: cocopeat growing media. The second factor 

was the variety (V) with 2 levels, namely V1: frizzy lettuce varieties, and V2: red lettuce varieties. 

The two factors were combined to form 6 combination treatments. Each treatment was repeated 3 

times so that there were 18 treatment units.  

The hydroponic wick system media used a Styrofoam box with a length of 52 cm, a width 

of 35 cm and a height of 17 cm, a total of 18 boxes which are then coated on the inside of the 

Styrofoam box so that water does not come out through the Styrofoam gap, then cover the 

styrofoam in a hole using a hole saw with a spacing of 13 cm. 

The netpot used in the wick system was a plastic cup that was perforated using solder on 

the bottom and sides, so that the roots of the plant can come out through the hole, then the bottom 

hole was given a flannel cloth, this flannel cloth functions as a wick to absorb water into the media. 

rockwool. 

AB Mix nutrition consists of 2 different packages, namely Mix A and Mix B. In one box 

there were 8 liters of water, for at the beginning of planting (age 1-7 days after planting (DAP)) 

after planting, a low hydroponic nutrient solution was given, which is 500 ppm (equivalent to 2.5 

ml of nutrition A + 2.5 nutrition B + liters of water). Entering the second week (age 8-14 DAP) 

after planting the dose of nutrition was increased to 700 ppm (equivalent to 3.5 ml of nutrition A + 

3.5 nutrients B + 1 liter of water). At the third week (age 15-21 HST) nutrition was increased again 

to 900 ppm (equivalent to 4.5 ml of nutrition A + 4.5 nutrition B + 1 liter of water). The fourth 

week (age 22 DAP until harvest) was the same as the third week, which was 4.5 ml of nutrition A 

+ 4.5 nutrients B + 1 liter of water. 

Sowing of seeds was carried out in three media, namely rockwool media, rockwool was 

cut into squares with a diameter of 2cm x 2cm which is then placed on a tray, then the rockwool is 

moistened with enough water. The husk charcoal media, using a tray for the husk charcoal 

seedlings, was put into the seedling tray and then watered using a sprayer after it is wet enough, the 

lettuce seeds were placed using tweezers. In the cocopeat media, put the cocopeat seedling tray into 

the seedling tray, then water it using a sprayer after it was wet enough, the lettuce seeds were 

placed using tweezers, one hole for the seedling tray was filled with one lettuce seed. 

After the lettuce seeds were 7 days old the seeds were ready to be transferred to the 

hydroponic installation. Further nutrition was given at the same time as the added water, the 

nutrient concentration of AB Mix was adjusted to the treatment in the study, if the water 

availability in the styrofoam box media had decreased. The pH control of the solution was carried 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

out every time the water was added to the styrofoam media, the pH measurement of the solution 

used a pH meter which was adjusted to the standard pH level of neutral water, namely 7.0. So that 

plants can grow to the maximum. If the pH was below 5.5, you can add a 10% KOH chemical 

solution or with baking soda and if the pH is above 6.5 you can add a H2SO4 solution. 

Harvesting was done after the lettuce is 35 days old. Harvesting was done by pulling out 

the lettuce plant and its netpot, then the plant was separated from the netpot. The variables 

observed in this study were a) plant length (cm), b) number of leaves (strands), c) leaf area (cm2), 

d) crown wet weight (g), e) oven dry weight of the crown (g), f) root wet weight (g), g) Root oven 

dry weight (g), h) Total wet weight (g), i) Total oven dry weight (g), and j) shoot-root ratio 

The data from the results of this study were analyzed statistically using excel, if there were 

significant differences between treatments, followed by the LSD test at the 5% level. To determine 

the closeness of the relationship between variables, a correlation test was carried out. 

 

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  

The results of the analysis of various effects of treatment on the observed variables 

showed that the treatment of the planting medium had no significant effect (p≥0.05) on plant 

length, number of leaves, shoot wet weight, oven dry weight, total wet weight, oven dry weight of 

roots, volume. root, leaf area, economic fresh weight and leaf-root ratio, but significantly (0.05 

<p≤0.01) on root wet weight, had a very significant effect on total oven dry weight. 

Treatment of lettuce varieties had a significant effect on plant length, number of leaves at 

30 days after planting and total oven dry weight, had a very significant effect on plant length at 23, 

30 days after planting and leaf area, but had no significant effect on plant lengths at 9, 16 dast 

number of leaves at the age of 9, 16, 23, shoot wet weight, oven dry weight of the crown, root wet 

weight, root oven dry weight, total wet weight, root volume, economic fresh weight and leaf-root 

ratio. 

The combination of the use of growing media and lettuce varieties had a significant effect 

on leaf area aged 30 DAP, oven dry weight of crowns, oven dry weight of roots, had a very 

significant effect on root wet weight, total wet weight, total oven dry weight, root volume (Table 

3), However, there was no significant effect on plant length, number of leaves at age 9, 16, 23, 

shoot wet weight, leaf area, economic fresh weight, and leaf root ratio. 

Plant length (cm) 

Lettuce varieties had a very significant effect (p <0.01) during periods of 23 and 30 days. 

The frizzy lettuce variety (V1) gave the longest plant length at 30 days after planting with a plant 

length of 40.62 cm, while ed variety (V2) was 31.59 cm (Table 1 and Figure 1). Growing media 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

and the interaction between the two treatments had no significant effect on plant length parameters 

at the age of 9 days, 16 days a week, 23 days a week and 30 days a week. 

Number of leaves 

The planting medium had a significant effect on the age of 30 DAP, the planting medium 

for husk charcoal (M2) gave the highest number of leaves, namely 18.63 leaves, while the lowest 

number of leaves was on cocopeat media (M3) 17.33 leaves. Lettuce varieties had a significant 

ffect on the age of 30 days after planting, the frizzy lettuce variety (V1) gave the highest number of 

leaves, namely 18.33 pieces, wahile the lowest was on V2 which was 17.80 leaves. The 

combination between the two treatments showed a significant effect on the age of 30 DAP, the best 

combination of treatments was given to the husk charcoal growing medium with the frizzy lettuce 

variety (M2V1) producing the highest number of leaves, namely 19.60, while the lowest one was 

on combination of cocopeat media and frizzy variety (M3V1) 17.27 leaves (Table 2). 

Shoot oven dry weight(g)  

The planting medium had no significant effect on oven dry weight of the crown. Lettuce 

varieties had no significant effect on oven dry weight of crowns. The combination between the use 

of growing media and lettuce varieties showed a significant effect on oven dry weight of the 

crown. The best combination of treatment was given to the husk charcoal growing medium with 

the frizzy lettuce variety (M2V1) resulting in the heaviest canopy dry weight of 9.20 g, while the 

lighest one was on M1V1, namely 7.33 g. (Table 3). 

Root fresh weight (g) 

The planting medium had a significant effect on root fresh weight. The highest yield was 

obtained with husk charcoal (M2) media, namely 17.77 g, and the lightest one was on V1, which 

was 13.58 g. Lettuce varieties had no significant effect on root fresh weight. The combination 

between the use of growing media and lettuce varieties showed a very significant effect on root 

fresh weight. The best combination treatment was given to the husk charcoal growing medium 

with the frizzy lettuce variety (M2V1) to produce the heaviest fresh weight of 20.93 g, while the 

lightest one was on M1V1, namely 11.47 g (Table 4). 

Root oven dry weight (g) 

Growing media and varieties had no significant effect on the oven dry weight of roots. The 

combination of growing media with lettuce varieties showed a significant effect on oven dry 

weight of the crown. The best combination treatment was given to the husk charcoal planting 

medium with the frizzy lettuce variety (M2V1) resulting in the heaviest root oven dry weight of 

0.77 g, while the lightest one was on M3V2, namely 0.40 g (Table 5). 

 

 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

Total fresh weight (g) 

Growing media had no significant effect on total fresh weight. Lettuce varieties had no 

significant effect on total fresh weight. The combination between the use of growing media and 

lettuce varieties showed a very significant effect on the total fresh weight. The best combination 

treatment was given to the husk charcoal growing medium with the frizzy lettuce variety (M2V1) 

resulting in the heaviest fresh weight of 211.83 g, while the lightest one was on M1V1, namely 

162.67 g (Table 7).  

Total oven dry weight (g) 

The planting medium has a very significant effect on the total oven dry weight. The 

heaviest yield was obtained by husk charcoal media (M2), namely 8.57 g, while M1 and M3 gave 

the same one, namely 7.62 g (Table 6). Lettuce varieties significantly affected the total oven dry 

weight. The heaviest yield was obtained by the type of frizzy lettuce (V1), which was 8.49 g, while 

the lowest one was on V2, whisc was 7.38 g (Table 6). The combination between the use of 

growing media and lettuce varieties showed a very significant effect on the total oven dry weight 

(Table 8). The best combination treatment was given to the husk charcoal growing medium with 

the frizzy lettuce variety (M2V1) resulting in the heaviest total oven dry weight of 9.93 g, while 

the lightest one was on M1V1, namely 7.20 g (Table 8). 

Growing media had no significant effect on leaf area. Lettuce varieties have a very 

significant effect on leaf area. The widest leaf area was obtained in the frizzy lettuce variety (V1), 

namely 26.47 cm
2
, and the smallest one was on frizzy variety (V2) which was 22.57 cm2 (Table 

6). The combination between the use of growing media and lettuce varieties showed no significant 

effect on leaf area. 

Root volume (ml
3
) 

The planting medium had no significant effect on root volume. Lettuce varieties had no 

significant effect on root volume. The combination between the use of growing media and lettuce 

varieties showed a very significant effect on root volume. The best treatment combination was 

given to the husk charcoal growing media with the frizzy lettuce variety (M2V1) resulting in the 

highest root volume of 55.00 ml
3
, while the smallest one were on M2 V2 and M3V1 which was 

38.00 ml
3
 (Table 9). 

Discussion  

The results of the analysis of variance showed that the use of different growing media had 

a very significant effect on the total oven dry weight, and had a significant effect on the wet weight 

of the roots. It had no significant effect on the parameters of plant length, number of leaves, shoot 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

wet weight, oven dry weight of shoots, total wet weight, root oven dry weight, leaf area, root 

volume, economic fresh weight and leaf-root ratio. 

The results showed that the treatment of husk charcoal media (M2) gave the heaviest total 

dry weight of the oven, namely 8.57 g (Table 6). This is because the husk charcoal is an organic 

material that still contains nutrients, these nutrients can be used by plants in hydroponic systems. 

Husk charcoal is the rest of the rice bran that is burned with special characteristics, besides that 

there are chemical compounds in the roasted husks, including SiO2 with 52% content and 31% C, 

Fe2O3, K2O3, MgO3, CaO3, MnO3 and Cu in small amounts as well as other organic materials 

(Supriati & Herliana, 2011). 

Media is an inseparable part of plant roots, a foothold for roots and support for nutrient 

absorption and nutrient media so that media with different types and characteristics have different 

effects on root growth and development (Harjoko, 2009). Higher amount of total soluble solids 

(TSS) related to coco peat + perlite treatment that has not any significant difference with date-palm 

peat + perlite, perlite and date-palm peat treatments on element uptake of soilless culture of tomato 

(Ghehsareh et al., 2011). 

The best growing media is husk charcoal (M2) compared to the use of rockwool and 

cocopeat where this medium has light and coarse characteristics so that air circulation is high, the 

ability to hold water is high, is black so it can absorb sunlight well. The pH of the husk charcoal is 

quite high, between 8.5 and 9.0, so it is very well used to increase the pH of acidic soils. Burnt 

husk or husk charcoal also has good porosity properties and good water absorption ability (BPP 

Lembang, 2018). Rice husk charcoal has a potential to reduce the acidity of the soil, increased the 

saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content, plant available water and field capacity 

but decreased the bulk density of soil. Soil biological fertility is declining due to the low use of 

organic matter. The way to restore soil fertility is to use organic biofertilizers (Misra et al., 2017; 

Purba et al., 2018). Rice husked based growing substrates can be used for growing lettuce cv. 

'Legacy' in aggregate soilless system in the tropics (Rahman et al., 2019). 

The results of the analysis of variety showed that the use of different varieties of lettuce 

had a very significant effect on plant length at 23 dast, 30 dast and leaf area (Table 3), and had a 

significant effect on the number of leaves aged 30 dast and the total oven dry weight. Lettuce 

varieties had no significant effect on plant length at 9 days, 16 days after planting, number of 

leaves at 9 days, 16 days, 23 days, shoot wet weight, oven dry weight of crowns, economic fresh 

weight, leaf root ratio (Table 3). The study showed that the use of frizzy lettuce varieties gave the 

highest yield of plant length, namely 40.62 cm and gave the widest leaf area of 26.47 cm (Table 8). 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

This is because the frizzy lettuce is able to adapt well to the hydroponic wick system media with 

an altitude of 39 masl (meters above sea level). 

The results of the analysis of variety showed that the interaction between the use of 

growing media and different varieties of lettuce had a very significant effect on root wet weight, 

total wet weight, total oven dry weight and root volume. The combination of the use of growing 

media and lettuce varieties significantly affected the leaf area of 30 days after planting, crown 

oven dry weight, and root oven dry weight. The combination of the use of growing media and 

lettuce varieties did not significantly affect all parameters of plant length, number of leaves at age 

9, 16, 23, shoot wet weight, leaf area, economic fresh weight, and leaf root ratio (Table 3).  

The  combination  of  the  treatment  of  husk  charcoal  growing  media  with  frizzy  

lettuce varieties (M2V1) is a combination of treatments that can have a very significant effect on 

several observed variables, namely root wet weight (20.93 g), total wet weight (211.83 g), total 

oven dry weight (9.93 g) and root volume (55.00 cm3). 

Growing media is influential in providing the nutrient needs of lettuce. Growing media has 

two functions, namely as a place to grow and supply food for plant growth and development, the 

ability of the growing media to bind nutrient solutions will affect the amount of elements absorbed. 

An experiment to study the effect of husk charcoal hydroponic substrate waste for asparagus 

seedling substrate as compared to huskand husk-charcoal waste and their interaction effect with 

compost added at three different rates for substrate amendment. The results showed that seedling 

grown on husk-charcoal waste substrate possessed higher seedling and crown weight (Onggo, 

2020). 

 

4. CONCLUSIONS 

In  cultivation  of  lettuce  with  hydroponic  system,  husk  charcoal  media  is  better  than 

rockwool and cocopeat media. The frizzy lettuce varieties are better than the red lettuce varieties. 

The combination of husk charcoal media and frizzy lettuce varieties gives the best growth and 

yield. 

 

REFERENCES 

Ali, M., Nisak, F., & Ika Pratiwi, Y. (2020). Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Ikan Tuna terhadap Pertumbuhan 

Tanaman Pakchoy dengan Wick System Hydroponics. Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal, 3(2), 186–

193. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v3i2.616 

BPP Lembang. (2018). Media Hidroponik dari Arang Sekam. [Indonesian]. 

http://www.bbpplembang.info/index.php/arsip/artikel/artikel-pertanian/503-media-tanaman-

hidroponikdari-arang-sekam. 

Dalastra, C., Filho, M. C. M. T., & Vargas, P. F. (2020). Periodicity of exposure of hydroponic lettuce 

plants to nutrient solution. Rev. Caatinga, 33(1). 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-21252020000100081 

Ghehsareh, A. M., Borji, H., & Jafarpour, M. (2011). Effect of some culture substrates (date-palm peat, 

cocopeat and perlite) on some growing indices and nutrient elements uptake in greenhouse tomato. 

African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5(12), 1437–1442. 

Harjoko, D. (2009). Studi Macam Media dan Debit Aliran Terhadap Sawi (Brassica juncea L.) Secara 

Hidroponik NFT. Jurnal Agrosains, 11(2), 58–62. 

Indrawati, R., Indradewa, D., & Utami, S. N. I. (2012). Pengaruh Komposisi Media dan Kadar Nutrisi 

Hidroponik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Vegetalika, 

1(2), 109–119. 

Jones, J. B. (2005). Hydroponics: A Practical Guide For the Soilless Grower. CRC Press. 

Kristi, A. A. (2018). Hidroponik Rumahan. ANDI. 

Madar, A. K., Rubóczki, T., & Hájos, M. T. (2019). Lettuce production in aquaponic and hydroponic 

systems. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment, 11(1), 51–59. 

Misra, A., Taing, K., Hall, M. W., & Shinogi, Y. (2017). Effects of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Charcoal 

on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Rice Growth and Yield. Agricultural Sciences, 8(9). 

https://m.scirp.org/papers/79133 

Muhit, & Qudriyah. (2016). Respon Beberapa Kultivar Mawar (Rosa hybrida L.) pada Media Hidroponik 

terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bunga. Buletin Teknik Pertanian, 11, 29–32. 

Onggo, T. M. (2020). The use of hydroponic-substrate husk-charcoal waste for asparagus seedling 

substrate. Acta Horticulturae, 1301, 133–138. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1301.20 

Purba, J. H., Parmila, I. P., & Sari, K. K. (2018). Pengaruh Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Jarak Tanam 

Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) Varietas Edamame. Agro 

Bali: Agricultural Journal, 1(2), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v1i2.308 

Purba, J. H., Wahyuni, P. S., & Febryan, I. (2019). Kajian Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Ayam Pedaging 

dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Petsai (Brassica chinensis L.). Agro Bali: 

Agricultural Journal, 2(2), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v2i2.397 

Purba, J. H., Wahyuni, P. S., Zulkarnaen, Sasmita, N., Yuniti, I. G. A. D., & Pandawani, N. P. (2020). 

Growth and yield response of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L. var. Tuktuk) from different source 

materials applied with liquid biofertilizers. Nusantara Bioscience, 12(2), 127–133. 

https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n120207 

Rahman, M. J., Chawdhery, M. R. A., Begum, P., Quamruzzaman, Zakia, M. Z. Z., & Raihan, A. (2019). 

Growth and Yield of Hydroponic Lettuce as Influenced by Different Growing Substrates. Azarian 

J. Agric, 6(1), 1–6. 

Rosnina, R., & Mauliza, S. (2020). Optimization of AB-mix Fertilizer on Varieties of Hydroponic 

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Journal of Tropical Horticulture, 3(2), 86–91. 

Supriati, Y., & Herliana, E. (2011). Bertanam 15 Sayuran Organik Dalam Pot. Penebar Swadaya. 

Wonning, P. R. (2018). Gardeners’ Guide Book Growing and Harvesting Lettuce: Lettuce - Mainstay of 

the Salad Garden (Gardener’s Guide to Growing Your Vegetable Garden) Vol. 9 (1st ed.). 

CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. 

Wuryaningsih, S., Muharam, A., & Rusyadi, I. (2003). Tanggapan Tiga Kultivar Mawar terhadap Media 

Tumbuh Tanpa Tanah. Jurnal Hortikultura, 13(1), 28–40. 

https://doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v13n1.2003.p28-40 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

 

 

Figure 1: Length graph of frizzy lettuce (blue line) and red lettuce varieties (red line) at the age of 

9,16,23 and 30 DAP 
 

Table 1:  Effect of planting medium (M) and varieties of lettuce (V) on plant length 

Treatment 
Plant length    

9 DAP  16 DAP 23 DAP  30 DAP  

Varieties    

Frizzy (V1) 7.01  14.52  28.25 b 40.62 b 

Red (V2) 6.63   13.58  23.52 a 31.59 a 

LSD 5% ns ns 1.34 2.74 

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.  

Table 2: The combination of the influence of the planting medium with lettuce varieties on the 

number of leaves at the age of 30 DAPS. 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 18.13 a 18.40 a 18.27 b 

M2 19.60 b 17.67 a 18.63 b 

M3 17.27 a 17.33 a 17.30 a 

Mean V 18.33 b 17.80 a  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.  

Table 3: The combination of the effect of growing media with lettuce varieties on oven dry weight 

of the shoot (g) 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 7.33 a 740 a 8.02 ns 

M2 9.20 b 8.70 a 8.30 ns 

M3 7.70 a 7.73 a 7.72 ns 

Mean V 8.08 ns 7.94 ns  

0,00

10,00

20,00

30,00

40,00

50,00

1 2 3 4

P
la

n
t 

h
e
ig

h
t 

Plant age 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.  

Table 4: The combination of the effect of growing media with lettuce varieties on root fresh 

weight (g) 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 11.47 a 15.70 a 13.58 a 

M2 20.93 b 14.60 a 17.77 b 

M3 12.03 a 19.33 b 15.68 a 

Mean V 14.81 ns 16.54 ns  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.  

Table 5: Combination of treatment of growing media and varieties of lettuce to oven dry weight of 

roots (g) 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 0.57 a 0.53 a 0.55 ns 

M2 0.77 b 0.50 a 0.63 ns 

M3 0.53 a 0.40 a 0.47 ns 

Mean V 0.62 ns 0.48 ns  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.  

Table 6:  Effect of growing media and varieties of lettuce on total fresh weight and total oven dry 

weight, leaf area. 

Treatment  
Total oven dry weight 

(g) per plant (g) 

 

Leaf area per 

plant (cm
2
) 

Growing media (M)   

Rockwool (M1)    7.62 a 24.23  

Husk charcoal (M2)     8.57 b 24.53  

Cocopeat (M3)    7.62 a 24.79  

LSD 5%                       0.76     ns 

Varieties (V)   

Frizzy (V1)    8.49 b 26.47 b 

Red (V2)    7.38 a 22.57 a 

LSD 5%  0.62       1.97 

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.. 

Table 7: Combination of treatment of growing media and varieties of lettuce on total fresh weight 

(g) 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 162.67 a 196.37 b 179.52 ns 

M2 211.83 b 165.40 a 188.62 ns 

M3 172.60 a 167.40 a 170.00 ns 



Effect of Soilless Media (Hydroponic ) on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Lettuce 

I Putu Parmila, Wayan Dadi Page |  

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering 

ISSN : 2597-8713 (Online) - 2598-5167 (Print) 
Available on : 

http://agris cience.s cientific -wor k.org/inde x.php/agris cience 
This is Under CC BY SA Licence 

 

  

Mean V 182.37 ns 176.39 ns  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test. 

Table 8: The combination of growing media and lettuce varieties on total oven dry weight (g) 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 7.60 a 7.63 a 7.62 a 

M2 9.93 b 7.20 a 8.57 b 

M3 7.93 a 7.30 a 7.62 a 

Mean V 8.49 b 7.38 a  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test. 

Table 9: The combination of growing media and lettuce varieties on root volume (ml
3
) 

Treatment V1 V2 Mean M 

M1 42.00 a 41.20 a 13.87 ns 

M2 55.00 b 38.00 a 15.50 ns 

M3 38.00 a 48.00 b 14.33 ns 

Mean V 15.00 ns 14.13 ns  

Note: Means followed by the same letter within column are not significantly different according to 

5% LSD test.