Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 Analysis of Farmers Attitude In Canning And Bululawang Sugarcane Business Variety Budi Utomo 1* , Teguh Soedarto 2 Faculty of Agriculture, Mayjen Sungkono University, Indonesia Faculty of Agriculture UPN "Veteran" East Java, Indonesia * Corresponding author E-mail: ir.budiutomo@gmail.com 1* , teguh_soedarto@upnjatim.ac.id Article History: Received: July 27, 2022; Accepted: Agustus 10, 2022 ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the differences in income, level of feasibility and level of enthusiasm or attitude of farmers in cultivating sugarcane varieties of Canning and Bululawang. The research was carried out in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency from May to July 2021. The research method used was descriptive analysis method, which means analyzing income that has been ongoing or based on reality. In addition, the multi-attribute fishbein model is also used to calculate the interest or attitude of sugarcane farmers to plant canning and Bululawang varieties.The results showed that the income obtained from sugarcane farming of the Canning variety was Rp. 24.522.620,- while the sugarcane of Bululawang variety was Rp. 18.438.820,-. Sugarcane farming of the canning variety in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency is feasible to be cultivated with an R/C Ratio of 1.61. Meanwhile, the Bululawang variety of sugarcane farming is also feasible with an R/C Ratio of 1.49.Based on fishbein analysis, it was found that the attitude of sugarcane farmers in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency (Ao) towards the canning variety was 37,28. It is interpreted that the farmer's total attitude (Ao) towards the canning variety is in the third range (36-51) which is agree (S). So it can be concluded that sugarcane farmers in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency prefer canning sugar cane to Bululawang sugarcane varieties. Keywords: Canning variety, Bululawang, Feasibility of Farming, Fishbein 1. INTRODUCTION Sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum. L) is a plant grown for sugar as raw material. Sugarcane can be grown in tropical climates. In Indonesia, sugar cane is widely cultivated on the islands of Sumatra and Java. In East Java, sugar cane is the leading commodity of plantations. Until 2019, the area of sugar cane in East Java based on data from the Plantation Service of East Java Province reached 175.632 Ha, with sugarcane production of 12.975.595 tons and sugar production of 1.,046.856 tons (Fitriyani, 2012 in Kadarwati, 2015). According to Sugiyarta (1994), there are many varieties of sugarcane that have been planted by Indonesian farmers. Like the sugarcane farmers in Ngoro District, Jombang Regency - East Java, the sugarcane varieties developed are BL (Bulu Lawang), PS 864, PS 862, TLH 01, Canning 6222, PSJT 941 and many more. Proper cultivation of sugarcane has an important role in overcoming the low productivity of sugarcane and crystal productivity, one of which is the arrangement of varieties (Nisak et al., 2017). Changes in the point of view of sugarcane farmers on Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 the basic reference for choosing varieties are needed. Because it is thought to have an effect on two sides, namely sugarcane farmers (income) and sugar factories (where sugar cane is milled). It is suspected that the optimal yield has not been achieved because the rehabilitation program (unloading the ratoon) does not include a mission for structuring varieties. Arrangement of varieties is directed to achieve the ideal composition between early, middle and late or late ripening, namely 30-40-30%. However, the ideal composition for each PG can be different and a maximum slow cooking composition of 30% is recommended (Kadarwati, 2015). The following are some of the advantages and disadvantages of Canning and Bululawang (BL) sugarcane varieties, which are summarized from the descriptions of each variety: Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Canning and Bululawang Varieties No Description Canning Varieties ** Bululawang Variety (BL) * 1 Advantages - High yield potential - Resist HPT attacks - Easy maintenance - Time to reach optimum cooking about 8 to 10 months - High productivity - Easy maintenance - Resistant in all typologies land 2 Deficiency - Productivity is not too high - Not all typologies suitable land - It takes more than 12 months to reach its optimum maturity - Low yield potential Lots of HPT attacks Source : * Ministry of Agriculture, (2004) in Prakoso, S (2018) ** Ministry of Agriculture, (2010) in Ikka, N. D. A (2021) Research purposes 1. Knowing the difference in the income of sugarcane farming of canning and Bululawang varieties in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency - East Java. 2. Knowing the difference in the feasibility level of sugarcane farming of Canning and Bululawang varieties in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency - East Java. 3. Knowing the level of enthusiasm or attitude of farmers in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency to plant canning and Bululawang varieties of sugarcane. Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 2. RESEARCH METHODS This research was conducted in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency, the area is the dominant area in developing sugarcane varieties of canning. This research will be carried out for three months starting from May to July 2021. The research was conducted based on descriptive analysis method, which means analyzing current income or based on reality. The focus of the research is: Analysis of Farmers' Attitudes in Sugar Cane Farming of Canning and Bululawang Varieties (Case Study in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency). In this study, the sampling technique used was snowball sampling because by using this technique, the researcher in addition to obtaining detailed information or data, the research respondents. According to Alfindasari (2014), as a concept, snowball sampling is a labeling (naming) of an activity when researchers collect data from one respondent to another respondent who meets the criteria, through in-depth interviews and stops when there is no new information, replication or repetition of information variation, experiencing information saturation point. This means that the information provided by the next informant is the same as what was given by the previous informants. Due to using the in-depth interview method in this study, The research framework chart can be presented in Figure 1. Sugarcane Cultivation In Badang Village, Kec. Ngoro, Kab. Jombang Canning variety Strengths and weaknesses Sale Average Yield 3. Fishbein Analysis Sugarcane Farmer's Interest Canning Variety (%) Bululawang Variety (%) Income 1. Income Analysis 2. Business Feasibility Analysis Bululawang Variety (BL) Strengths and weaknesses Sugarcane Farmers' Attitudes in Choosing Varieties Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 Figure 1. Research Implementation Workflow (Primary Data Processed, 2021) Data analysis method 1. Farming cost analysis The first assumption to analyze Revenue. According to Soemarso, (2014) in Utomo, B. (2020), income is an increase in the number of assets or a decrease in liabilities arising from the delivery of goods and services or other business activities in a period. Data analysis methods used in this study include: The total cost of sugarcane farming is the sum of fixed costs and variable costs, including all costs incurred for sugarcane farming during one growing season calculated in units of rupiah (Soekartawi, 2006). TC = FC + VC Information : TC = total cost (total cost) FC = fixed cost (fixed cost) VC = variable cost (variable cost) 2. Farming revenue analysis Sugarcane farming revenue is all income from the sale of sugar cane, so that revenue is obtained from the multiplication of the total production or harvest in one growing season with the selling price, calculated in units of rupiah (Soekartawi, 2006). TR = Q x P Information : TR = total revenue (total acceptance) Q =yield (ku) P =selling price (Rp/ku) 3. Farming income analysis According to Zaman, N, et. al. (2021), Income is the difference between revenue and costs incurred for factors of production. Meanwhile, Soekartawi, (2006), argues that the income of sugarcane farming is the difference between the income earned in one growing season and the total costs incurred for sugarcane farming. π = TR – TC Information : Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 π = farm income, unit Rp/Ha TR = total revenue (total revenue) TC = total cost (total cost) 4. Farming feasibility analysis The second assumption is to analyze the feasibility of farming in terms of two things, namely the R/C Ratio with the following formula: R/C Ratio = TR/TC Information : R/C Ratio = Return/cost Ratio TR = Totalrevenue, unit Rp/Ha TC = Totalproduction cost, unit Rp/Ha 5. Fishbein Analysis Fishbein Method The third assumption to analyze the attitude or level of enthusiasm of farmers can be used by the multi-attribute or Fishbein method. This method is used to measure consumer attitudes and behavior and describes a structured design to measure the relationship between consumers and products which refers to product attributes. According to Engel et. al. (1993) in Utomo, B. (2020), the Fishbein model illustrates that consumer attitudes towards a product or brand are determined by two things, namely: (1) trust in product attributes (bi) and (2) evaluation of the importance of attributes on the product (ei). Symbolically, the Fishbein multi attribute method can be seen in the following formula: n Ao  b i . e i i1 Information: Ao : Attitude towards object bi : The level of consumer confidence in the attribute i ei : Evaluation of the consumer's level of importance (evaluation) of the attribute to i n : Number of salient attributes Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Fixed Cost (TFC) Fixed costs in sugarcane farming are obtained from capital interest (bank interest), tractor rental and taxes in an average amount per hectare which is usually calculated within a year in the first crop category. Table 2. Fixed Cost Components of Canning and Bululawang Sugarcane Farming No Description Average Amount Per hectare Canning Bululawang 1 Bank interest 1.336.380 1.362.180 2 Tractor (Rental) 2.100.000 2.100.000 3 Land tax 80.500 80.500 Average Amount per Hectare 3.516.880 3.542.680 Source: Data Analysis, 2021 Variable costs (TVC) Variable costs are costs incurred and have a direct effect on the resulting production, in this case production facilities, such as seeds, fertilizers, herbicides and labor which include planting, embroidery, fertilizing, irrigation, weeding, hoarding, klentek and transport cutting. Table 3. Variable Costs of Sugarcane Farming for Canning and Bululawang Varieties No Description Average Amount Per hectare Canning Bululawang 1 Sugarcane Seeds 4.900.000 4.550.000 2 Fertilizer 2.360.000 3.140.000 3 Herbicide 653.000 653.000 4 Labor 12.260.000 12.260.000 5 Cutting and Transport 16.800.000 18.200.000 Average Amount per Hectare 36.973.000 38.803.000 Source: Data Analysis, 2021 Total cost (TC) Total costs are the total costs incurred during the production process obtained by adding up the fixed costs or Total Fixed Cost (TFC) and variable costs or Total Variable Cost (TVC). The total cost of sugarcane farming of Canning and Bululawang varieties is presented in table 4. The Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 result is Rp. 40.489.880 for sugarcane farming of Canning varieties and Rp. 42.345.680 for Bululawang varieties. Table 4. Analysis of Sugar Cane Farming Per Ha in the First Crop Category No Description Average Amount Rp/Ha Canning Bululawang 1. Fixed cost 3.516.880 3.542.680 2. Variable cost 36.973.000 38.803.000 3. Total cost 40.489.880 42.345.680 4. Total Receipt 64.932.000 62.790.000 Source: Data Analysis, 2021 Graph 1. Comparison of Total Cost of Sugarcane Farming for Canning and Bululawang Varieties Total revenue (TR) Total revenue or Total Revenue (TR) is obtained from the total production or yield (Y) multiplied by the selling price of the product or Price yield (Py). The selling price of sugarcane in 2021 for the current 7th yield from the Jombang Regency area to PG. PT Kebun Tebu Mas is Rp. 69.000/ku while the yield of 8 is 77.300/ku. The average production of canning variety sugarcane 10000000 20000000 30000000 40000000 50000000 Total Cost of Sugarcane Farming for Canning & Bululawang Varieties Total Cost of Bululawang Total Cost of Cenning 42.345.680 40.489.88 0 Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 per hectare in Badang Village is 1.200 quintals for the first crop category, with an average yield achieved of 8 so that the total average revenue per hectare is Rp. 64.932.000,-. In sugarcane farming of Bululawang variety (BL) the average production per hectare is 1.300 quintals, with an average yield of 7, the total revenue obtained is Rp. 62.790.000,-. Income Income is the difference between farm income and the total cost of production, or income is the total revenue minus the total cost. Table 5. Average Sugarcane Farming Income of Canning and Bululawang Varieties (BL) No Description Canning variety Bululawang Variety (BL) 1 Admission (TR) 64.932.000 62.790.000 2 Total Cost (TC) 40.489.880 42.345.680 3 Income (π) 24.522.620 20.524.820 Income Difference 3.997.800 Source: Data Analysis, 2021 The income of farmers who use the canning variety is greater than that of the farmers who grow the Bululawang (BL) variety, this is because the yield achieved by the canning variety cane is higher than that of the Bululawang variety. The difference of one yield point has an effect on the amount of farmers' income. Graph 2. Comparison of Sugarcane Farming Income of Canning and Bululawang (BL) Varieties 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000 30000000 Revenue Sugarcane Farming of Canning & Bululawang Varieties (BL) Revenue of Cenning variety Revenue of Bululawang (BL) variety 20.524.820 24.522.620 Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 Calculation of R/C Ratio Revenue per Cost Ratiois the ratio between farm income and total production costs. In order to determine the feasibility of sugarcane farming of Canning and Bululawang varieties, it is presented in the following table: Table 6. Calculation of R/C Ratio in Sugarcane Farming of Canning and Bululawang Varieties Per Ha First Plant No Description Canning Bululawang (BL) 1 Admission (TR) 64.932.000 62.790.000 2 Total Cost (TC) 40.409.380 42.345.680 R/C Ratio 1.61 1.49 Source: Data Analysis, 2021 Because the R/C Ratio is both > 1, it means that sugarcane farming of the two varieties is feasible to cultivate, but the R/C ratio of sugarcane farming of the Canning variety (1.61) is greater than that of the Bululawang variety (BL) (1.49), so it can be described that growing sugarcane with the canning variety is more profitable than growing sugarcane with the Bululawang (BL) variety. Analysis of farmers' interest with the fishbein method Based on the results of the analysis of the level of trust and the level of importance can be displayed as follows: Table 7. Results of Fishbein's Multi-attribute Attitude Analysis for Canning Varieties of Varieties Bululawang No Attribute Interest Score (ei) Confidence Score (bi) Farmer's Attitude (Ao) 1. yield 3.31 3.38 11.19 2. Productivity 3.31 2.56 8.47 3. Cultivating Cost Efficiency 2.81 3.13 8.80 4. Plant Pest and Disease Resistance (HPT) 2.94 3.00 8.82 ei x bi 37.28 (Agree) Source: Primary Data Processed, 2021 Sugarcane farmers feel that an assessment (evaluation) of the yield of a sugarcane variety is the most important thing in forming attitudes towards sugarcane varieties, followed by an evaluation of plant pest and disease resistance, cultivation cost efficiency and productivity. Page | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Journal Of Agricultural Science And Agriculture Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Merdeka University Surabaya,Indonesia Available on : https://agriculturalscience.unmerbaya.ac.id/index.php/agriscience/index Copyright (c) 2022 Author(s) DOI : https://doi.org/10.55173/agriscience.v6i1.77 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Vol. 6 No. 1 September 2022 Table 8. Range of Total Attitude Values (Ao) Scale Interpretation 4 - 19 Strongly Disagree (STS) 20 - 35 Disagree (TS) 36 - 51 Agree (S) 52 - 64 Strongly Agree (SS) Source: Primary Data Processed, 2021 It can be seen that the attitude of farmers (Ao) of the canning variety to the Bululawang variety is 37.28. This is in the third range (scale 36-51) which is Agree (S). Therefore, sugarcane farmers in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency tend to prefer to plant canning variety sugar cane than Bululawang sugar cane. 4. CONCLUSIONS Sugar cane farming with canning variety is Rp. 24.522.620,- which is more profitable in terms of farmer's income compared to sugarcane farming of Bululawang variety, Rp. 18.438.820,-. Sugarcane farming of the canning variety and the Bululawang variety are both feasible to cultivate, with R/C Ratio values of 1.61 and 1.49. Interpretation of farmer's attitude (Ao) towards the canning variety is in the third range (36-51) which is agree (S). So it can be said that sugarcane farmers in Badang Village, Ngoro District, Jombang Regency prefer canning sugar cane to Bululawang sugarcane varieties. Suggestion Until now, many new sugarcane varieties have been developed which also have high yield and productivity potential, so it is necessary to investigate the feasibility of farming and the attractiveness of sugarcane farmers to plant these new varieties to support the variety arrangement program launched by the Sugar Factory in Java. East. REFERENCES Alfindasari, D. (2014). 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