IJECE Agripreneur,9 (1) (2020) pp. 08-15 Journal homepage:www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/Agripreneur Published by:IOCSCIENCE Agripreneur : Journal of Agribusiness Agriculture Journal homepage:www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/Agripreneur FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF GOURAMI GROWING BUSINESS (Case Study: Kota Galuh Village, Serdang Bedagai Regency) Athalla Ariq Trianda Agribusiness Study Program Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan 20155, Indonesia athallaat@gmail.com Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the availability of inputs (land, capital, labor, seeds, feed) for the gouramy business and to find out whether the gouramy rearing business was feasible or not feasible to develop in the research area. The method of determining the research area used is purposive. The analytical method used is Break Event Point (BEP) and R/C Ratio. The results showed: Production inputs such as (Land, Capital, Seeds, Labor, Seedlings, Feed) were available and Based on the feasibility analysis, the gouramy rearing business was declared feasible because production volume > Production BEP, Price > BEP Price, and R/C > 1. Keywords :Feasibility Analysis, Business Feasibility, Gourami. 1. Introduction Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) is a type of freshwater fish that is scaly and is usually cultivated in ponds, has a wide body, flattened length, dense flesh, large spines, delicious and savory taste. There are several types of gourami that are commonly kept by fish cultivators in Indonesia, including: gourami soang (goose), gourami bastar and gourami padang. These types are distinguished based on the characteristics possessed by each type, both in color, body size, growth rate, and the number of eggs produced (Sitanggang and Sarwono, 2002). In fish farming, the role of feasibility studies for agribusiness plays an important role, especially when it is associated with such a large investment. Without a study of the feasibility study consisting of various disciplines of course the business that is developed will not be as optimal as expected. Based on its understanding, feasibility study is an art of assembling, combining and analyzing an overall investment plan on the influencing factors between multi-disciplines, so as to produce the desired output, which is feasible and not feasible for the investment. Thus, a fish farming business must have a feasibility study, both hatchery and enlargement. As an illustration of the feasibility study of fishery agribusiness in this paper is the cultivation of carp (Malawat, 2017). According to Umar (2005), a business feasibility study is a research on a business plan that not only analyzes whether or not a business is feasible or not, but also when it is operated regularly in order to achieve maximum profit for an indefinite period of time. mailto:athallaat@gmail.com Agripreneur: Journal of Agribusiness Agriculture ISSN 2302-9625  Athalla Ariq Trianda - Feasibility Analysis of Gourami Raising Business (Case Study: Kota Galuh Village, Serdang Bedagai Regency) 9 A feasibility study is a material for consideration in making a decision, whether to accept or reject a planned business idea/project. The definition of feasible in the feasibility study assessment is the possibility that the business idea / project to be implemented will provide benefits, both in the financial sense and in the sense of social benefits (Ibrahim, 2009). Bustami and Nurlela (2007: 208) BEP analysis is a method or technique used by a company manager to find out on the volume (amount) of sales and production volumes whether a company in question does not suffer losses and does not make a profit. Revenue Cost Ratio is a feasibility analysis test with a comparison between total income and total costs incurred. The criteria used in this analysis are if the R/C value > 1, the business is said to be profitable and feasible to operate, because the amount of income is greater than the amount of costs incurred, and vice versa. 2. Research methods The determination of the research area was carried out purposively or intentionally, namely in Kota Galuh Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. This is done because Kota Galuh Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency is one of the places for cultivating gourami. The technique of taking samples is not based on random, regional or strata, but based on considerations that focus on certain goals. The number of samples used in this study was 1 fish farmer in the research area. The data obtained in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from direct interviews using a questionnaire with gouramy farmers. And secondary data were obtained from government agencies, such as the Plantation Office of the North Sumatra Province Government. To solve problem 1, it was tested using a descriptive method, by observing the extent of the availability of inputs (land, labor, seeds, feed, capital) in the research area. To solve problem 2, it is tested by using Break Event Point (BEP) and R/C Ratio calculations. 3. Results and Discussion 3.1 Availability of Inputs (Land, Capital, Labor, Seeds, and Feed) for Gourami business a. Land Make observations in advance of the land and cultivation locations and make sure the location is far from industrial areas, settlements, and free of waste or pollution. Clean the area from rocks and wild plants, the land used for making the smallest pond with a size of about 4 x 6 m and normally 10 x 10 m with a pond depth of about 100 to 150 cm. Drains were also made at the bottom of the pool to make it easier to drain the pool and a small ditch  ISSN 2302-9625 Agripreneur, Vol.9, No. 1 June 2020: pp 08-15 10 15 cm deep and 10 cm wide was made around the pool. The cultivation location must have a temperature and water quality according to the gouramy habitat. Gouramy growth is good in areas with a temperature of 25o-28oC. To stabilize the pH in the pond, liming will be carried out using agricultural lime, a good pH for growing gourami is around 7 to 8. b. Capital The capital needed in the cultivation of gouramy is land capital, pond capital, feed capital, care and seed capital of gouramy. c. Labor Manpower is an important component and plays a direct role in business activities. The highly selected workforce is very influential on the tilapia enlargement business being carried out. The workforce used should be honest, diligent, creative, highly dedicated, and responsible. The use of labor from the family is often applied by cultivators who are just starting a business. The workforce used can also come from the area or location where the business is carried out. d. Seeds In the cultivation of gourami enlargement, you must choose seeds that are ready for cultivation, the seeds must also have good quality, such as the following: - To sow gouramy seeds, it is necessary to prepare about 15-20 fish per meter. - The water in the pool is filled first until it reaches a height of 100-150 cm. - Seedlings that are ready for cultivation have a size of about 5 cm. - Choose seeds with colors that are not pale and not physically disabled or diseased. - Put the seeds into the pond with bury it with the container first for 15 minutes. - Open the lid of the seedling container and let the seeds come out by themselves, after that do the maintenance of the seeds by giving them feed in the form of pellets. e. feed Feed is all ingredients that can be given and are beneficial for fish and do not cause negative effects on the fish body. The feed given must be of high quality, which contains substances needed by the fish's body in life such as protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, fats, and minerals. Feed itself is a very important commodity for fish. The nutrients contained in the feed are utilized by fish to meet the basic needs of life and fish production. 3.2 Feasibility Analysis of Gourami Raising Business a. Cost Analysis of Gourami Raising Business in Kota Galuh Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Berdagai Regency The amount of PBB costs in the business of growing gourami during the production period (1 year) is Rp. For more details regarding PBB costs, see Table 1. Agripreneur: Journal of Agribusiness Agriculture ISSN 2302-9625  Athalla Ariq Trianda - Feasibility Analysis of Gourami Raising Business (Case Study: Kota Galuh Village, Serdang Bedagai Regency) 11 Table 1. Cost of Land and Building Tax (PBB) for Gourami Enlargement Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh Village Sample Land (m2) Total PBB Cost (Rp/year) 1 5200 250,000 Total 250,000 The amount of depreciation expense for equipment in the gouramy rearing business during the production period (1 year) is Rp. 341,000 per year. For more details regarding the depreciation costs of tools and equipment can be seen in Table 5.2. Table 2. Total Cost of Depreciation for Gourami Enlargement Business Equipment during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh Village. No Equipment Type Economic Age (Years) Purchase price Cost of depreciation Percentage (%) 1. Water pump 6 1,500,000 200,000 58.65 2. Pipe 10 640,000 61,000 17.89 3. Net 5 170,000 30,000 8.80 4. Bucket 3 150,000 50,000 14.66 Total 2,310,000 341,000 100 Based on Table 2, it can be seen that the largest percentage of equipment depreciation in the gouramy rearing business is the depreciation cost of water pump equipment, which is Rp. 200,000 with a percentage of 58.65% and the lowest is the depreciation cost of net equipment, which is Rp. 30,000 with a percentage of 8 ,80% of the total cost of the tool. In an effort to grow gouramy, the supporting materials needed are seeds, feed, saponin poison and electricity. The cost of supporting materials in the gouramy rearing business during the production period (1 year) is IDR 226,025,000 per year. For more details can be seen in Table 3. Table 3. Total Supporting Materials for Gourami Enlargement Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh Village. No Type of Supporting Material Total Cost (Rp/year) Percentage (%) 1. Seeds 23,200,000 10.26 2. feed 194.340.000 85.98 3. Saponin Poison 85,000 0.04 4. Electricity 8,400,000 3.72 Total 226,025,000 100 Based on Table 3, it can be seen that the highest percentage of the use of supporting materials  ISSN 2302-9625 Agripreneur, Vol.9, No. 1 June 2020: pp 08-15 12 in the gouramy rearing business is the cost of feed, which is Rp. 194,340,000 with a percentage of 85.98%. Sources of labor in the organization of the gouramy rearing business in Kota Galuh Village use Internal Workers (TKDK) and Outside Family Workers (TKLK). This outpouring of labor from outside and within the family includes activities ranging from seed distribution, maintenance, to harvesting. In calculating labor costs, the Working Person's Day (HOK) is used, where in one effective working day is calculated 8 hours of work. For more details regarding the amount of labor costs inside and outside the family can be seen in Table 4. Table 4. Total Labor Costs for Gourami Raising Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Galuh . Kota Village No Type of activity Total Cost (Rp/year) Percentage (%) 1. Spreading Seeds 60,000 0.40 2. Maintenance 14,600,000 97.99 3. Harvest 240,000 1.61 Total 14,900,000 100 From the descriptions of these costs, the variable cost of the gouramy rearing business during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village is Rp. 14,900,000 per year. For more details on this variable cost can be seen in Table 5. Table 5. Total Variable Costs for Gourami Raising Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh Village). No Cost Description Total Cost (Rp/year) Percentage (%) 1. Supporting Material 226,025,000 93.82 2. Labor 14,900,000 6.18 Total 240,925,000 100 Based on Table 5, it can be seen that the largest percentage of the variable cost components in the gouramy rearing business is the cost of supporting materials, which is 93.82% and the rest is labor costs, which is 6.18%. Total cost is the result of the sum of fixed costs and variable costs. This analysis is used to determine the total costs incurred by gouramy farmers during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village. The total cost incurred by farmers in the gouramy rearing business during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village is Rp. 241,516,000 per year. For more details regarding the total cost of the gouramy rearing business, see Table 6. Table 6. Total Cost of Gourami Raising Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh Village. No Cost Description Total Cost (Rp/year) Percentage (%) 1. Fixed cost 591,000 0.24 2. Variable Cost 240,925,000 99.76 Agripreneur: Journal of Agribusiness Agriculture ISSN 2302-9625  Athalla Ariq Trianda - Feasibility Analysis of Gourami Raising Business (Case Study: Kota Galuh Village, Serdang Bedagai Regency) 13 Total 241.516.000 100 Based on Table 5.7, it can be seen that the total cost of the gouramy rearing business during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village is dominated by variable costs, namely 99.76% and the remaining fixed costs are 0.24%. 3.3 Income Analysis a. Total Revenue (Total Return) Total revenue (Total Return) is the multiplication between the production of gouramy obtained by farmers and the selling price of gouramy during this research. This analysis is used to determine the total revenue from the gouramy business during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village. The production of gouramy obtained by farmers during the production period (1 year) is 14,500 kg per year, where the prevailing price at the time of the study is Rp. 30,000 per kg, so the revenue from the enlargement of gouramy is Rp. 435,000,000 per year. Table 7. Revenue from Gourami Raising Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh . Village No. Gourami Production (Kg) Price/Kg Reception 1. 14,500 30,000 435,000,000 Total 14,500 30,000 435,000,000 b. Income Income is the amount of income that gouramy farmers get from the business they run. Can be seen in Table 8. Table 8. Total Income of Gourami Raising Business during the Production Period (1 Year) in Kota Galuh Village. No Cost Description Total Cost (Rp) 1. Admission (TR) 435,000,000 2. Total Cost (TC) 241.516.000 Total income 193,484,000 Based on Table 8, it can be seen that in the gouramy business during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village, the revenue obtained by gouramy farmers is Rp. 435,000,000 per year and the total cost incurred by gouramy farmers is Rp. 241,516,000. per year while the income earned by gourami farmers in Kota Galuh Village is Rp. 193,484,000 per year. 3.4 Feasibility Analysis To assess a gouramy rearing business in order to obtain a basic benchmark for financial feasibility, an analytical method has been developed with certain criteria. Thus, the financial feasibility criteria is a tool for whether a business being carried out is feasible or not. The  ISSN 2302-9625 Agripreneur, Vol.9, No. 1 June 2020: pp 08-15 14 analysis of the feasibility of the gouramy business being carried out is certainly very helpful for the gouramy farmers to continue their business. a. BEP Production Volume The results showed that the production volume was 8,050 Kg, where the production was greater than the BEP production volume (14,500 > 8050) then the fish rearing business was declared feasible. b. BEP Production Price The results showed that the production price was Rp. 16,656 where the price of gouramy was greater than the BEP of the production price (Rp. 30,000 > Rp. 16,656), so the gouramy rearing business was declared feasible. c. Feasibility Analysis with R/C Ratio From the results of data processing on the gouramy rearing business during the production period (1 year) in Kota Galuh Village, it shows that the R/C ratio value obtained by gouramy farmers is 1.80, where R/C > 1 (1.80 > 1) means the effort is feasible. 4. Conclusion Production inputs such as (Land, Capital, Seedling, Labor, Seedling, Feed) are available in the research area. 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