1
The Prophet's Household Problems
and The Solving Method in Hadith
Alven Putra
Insitut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup, Indoneisa
alvenputra1708@gmail.com
Abstract. The household of the Prophet is an example that needs to be imitated
by every Moslem; how he always tried to be just and wise as a husband in dealing
with daily domestic problems. This paper aims to look at the household
problems faced by the Prophet Muhammad SAW and his method in solving these
problems, by referring to the traditions of the Prophet SAW (hadith). This
research is a descriptive-qualitative with reference to library resources, both in
the form of the Prophet's sirah and hadiths, taken from primary hadith
compilation, books, scientific journals and other relevant library sources.
Domestic turmoil is common in every household, even with the Messenger of
God, starting from the jealousy between wives, the prosecution of material
rights, to the accusations of adultery that befell Sayyidah 'Aisyah and Mariah Al-
Qibtiyyah. As any other husband, there were so many household problems faced
by the Prophet, yet he managed to find the best solution based on the conditions
and situations. To resolve these problems, the Prophet confronted them with the
method of smiling, teasing, reminding, and being patient, but also firm and did
not hesitate to separate his wife for a while.
Keywords: Household Problems, rasulullah, Prophet’s Wives
Introduct io n
Prophet Muhammad is the role model of all time, not only in terms
of worship and faith, but also in terms of his basyariyah. Like ordinary
people in general, Prophet Muhammad SAW also built a household with
his wives and children. Prophet Muhammad was known as a loving and
polite person, soft-hearted, kind, friendly to others, and very fond of his
family. He loved his wives very much. He lived with Sayyidah Khadijah for
8 years and was blessed with several sons and daughters, but none of his
sons lived. His sons and daughters from Khadijah were: Al-Qasim,
Abdullah, Zainab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, and Fatima.
The household problems faced by the Prophet at that time were
not much considering that Khadijah was the only wife of the Prophet, and
Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup, Indonesia
ISSN 2580-3174, (p); 2580-3190 (e)
volume 7, number 1, 2022 | page: 1-26
DOI: http://doi.org/10.29240/ajis.v7i1.4283
Academic
Journal of
Islamic Studies
2 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
she was a very wealthy merchant. In fact, he always supported the
struggle of the Prophet in spreading Islam. The problem they faced was
only about the condition of the Prophet facing the polytheists who hurt
the Prophet. This is different from the household situation faced by the
Prophet with his wives or other ummul mukminin. The problem faced by
the Prophet was more complex because it did not only concern Muslims,
but the relationship between his wives. Of course this is commonplace in
every household, which must happen to everyone, even though he is a
messenger of Allah.
Rasulullah is known as a role model throughout the ages in various
aspects of life. Not only in matters of worship and faith, was he an
intelligent and positive leader in dealing with problems. He was not only
firm in managing household affairs, but also as a calm, compassionate,
and neutralizer in disputes. He always had a special method to maintain
harmony in his household. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration if the
Prophet Muhammad received the nickname “Ahsanuhum Khalqan wa
Khuluqo”, which means the best human in appearance and character. The
most ideal household is the household of the Prophet Muhammad SAW.
He was the best husband to his wives and the best father to his children.
Prophet Muhammad once said, "The best of you are those who are best to
their families and I am the best of you to my family".1
Research on the Prophet's household has been carried out by
several researchers, such as Mariyatul Norhidayati Rahmah who
conducted research on "Household Romance of the Prophet SAW". In this
study, it is stated that to establish harmony in the household, one of them
is by interpreting the verse arrijalu qawwamuna ‘alannisa’ translated
wisely, that men are responsible for women does not mean mastering and
dominating, but here the Messenger of Allah had set an example by
showing an attitude of respect for his wife, as happened when the Prophet
wanted to perform the night prayer, the Prophet first lovingly and
affectionately asked permission from his wife Sayyidah Aisyah. Not
always in Islam everything has to be a wife who asks permission, even
1Siti Salmi Hasanah, “Nilai Edukasi Kasih Sayang Dalam Kehidupan Rumah
Tangga Rasulullah SAW,” Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan Vol 1 no 2, Juli 2017, h. 185.
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 3
husbands are also like that.2 Another study was conducted by Muhammad
Arifin Badri on "Knitting Love through Communication in the Household
of the Prophet sallallaahu 'Alaihi wa Sallam". This study only focuses on
the story of the Prophet and his wife Shafiyah bintu Huyai by exploring
the Prophet's success tips in communicating. The first key that the
Prophet did when communicating was with humility and an attitude that
reflected his noble character. The second was tenacity and patience in
communicating, away from emotions, anger or hasty to finish the
communication process and win it.3 Another study was also conducted
by Muhammad Arifin Badri with the title "The Nature of Jealousy in the
Household (Descriptive Study of the Life of the Prophet and His Wives)".
This study aims to straighten men's understanding of the meaning of
wife's jealousy. In the face of Aisyah's jealousy, the Messenger of Allah
shrewdly managed to melt the atmosphere, so that the misunderstanding
did not continue until it became a tempest. He understands that all of
Aisyah's words or jealousy were a form of overflowing Aisyah's very deep
love. In this case, as a wife, you must also imitate the greatness of Aisyah's
soul who immediately admitted her wrong attitude and did not insist on
maintaining her jealousy.4
The research describes above show that the Prophet is a good role
model to achieve harmonious household success. Adding from some of
the research above, here the author lists the methods that the Prophet
used to his wives to solve problems that occurred in the household whose
references were found in the hadiths of the Prophet SAW.
This study aims to explore further about the household turmoil
faced by the Prophet and how the Prophet used to solve household
problems in the hadith, which can later be used as an example for the
2 Mariyatul Norhidayati Rahmah, “Romantika Rumah Tangga Rasulullah SAW,”
Al-Hiwar 03 (2015): 27, https://doi.org/10.18592/al-hiwar.v3i5.1197.
3 Muhammad Arifin Badri, “Merajut Cinta Melalui Komunikasi Dalam Rumah
Tangga Nabi Shallallahu ’Alaihi Wa Sallam,” Al-Majaalis: Jurnal Dirasat Islamiyah 2
(2014): 162, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37397/almajaalis.v2i1.25.
4 Muhammad Arifin Badri, “Hakikat Cemburu Dalam Rumah Tangga (Studi
Deskriptif Tentang Kehidupan Nabi Dengan Istri-Istrinya),” Al-Majaalis 2 (2015): 123,
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37397/almajaalis.v2i2.29.; Hardivizon, “Telaah
Historis-Hermeneutis Hadis-Hadis Tentang Ayah,” FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan
Kemasyarakatan 3, no. 2 (2019): 147–70, doi:10.29240/jf.v3i2.616
4 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
household life of Muslims. This research was descriptive qualitative by
referring to the sources of library data, both in the form of the Prophet's
sirah and the Prophet's traditions taken from primary hadith books and
also referring to sources that are considered relevant.
Discuss ion
Prophet Muhammad's Wives
Prophet Muhammad SAW had 11 wives who were known as
“ummahatul mukminin”. Two of them, Sayyidah Khadijah and Zainab binti
Khuzaimah, were the first to leave the Prophet, and 9 others were left by
the Prophet and fought as ummul mukminin. They were adalah Sayyidah
Aisyah, Saudah, Hafshah, Ummu Salamah Hindun, Zainab, Juwairiyah al-
Harits, Ummu Habibah Ramlah, Shafiyyah, and Maimunah. As for the
woman whom he married not as a free woman, Mariyah Al-Qibthiyah was
awarded by al-Muqauqis5 dan Raihanah binti Zaid.6
The wives of the Prophet were not ordinary women, but they were
women who had special positions and consequences because apart from
being the wives or companions of the Prophet, they were also qudwah
(examples) for the believers, especially to the mu’minat.. Among the wives
of the Prophet mentioned above, those who had a great influence in
coloring the household life of the Prophet were Khadijah binti Khuwailid
and and Aisyah binti Abu Bakar.7
a. Khadijah binti Khuwailid
Siti Khadijah was the only woman who became the wife of the
Prophet long before the Prophet was appointed as an apostle. Khadijah
was a wealthy merchant from whom the Prophet Muhammad's
merchandise was obtained. Prophet Muhammad married Khadijah at the
age of 25 years, while Khadijah herself was 40 years old and was a widow.
Previously, Khadijah was married to two well-known men in Arab society,
5 Shafiyurrahman Al-Mubarakfury, Sirah Nabawiyah, h.565
6 In an opinion, Raihanah bint Zaid and Mariah al-Qibtiyah debated whether it
was a wife who had intercourse based on a marriage contract or limited to a wife who
had intercourse as a slave which was called a sariyah..
7 Mariyatul Norhidayati Rahmah, “Romantika Rumah Tangga Rasulullah SAW”,
Jurnal Al-Hiwar Vol 03 no 05 2015, h. 26
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 5
namely 'Atiq bin 'Aid bin 'Abdullah al-Makhzumiy and Abu Halah Hindun
bin Zararah At-Tamimiy. Thanks to a friend of Khadijah named Nafisah,
the two of them then entered into a marriage contract with a dowry of
twenty bakrah (in another opinion it was stated 12 auqiyah).8
Prophet Muhammad's love for Khadijah could be seen from his
attitude, and the way he treated her. Khadijah was the first love of the
Prophet who poured out all his wealth, body and soul for the benefit of
the Prophet. In a narration it is stated "Allah did not give me a better wife
substitute than her (Khadijah r.a.). She believed in me when everyone
denied my prophet hood. He confirmed my prophet hood when everyone
denied me. He supported me with his wealth when everyone would not
help me. Through her, Allah bestowed a child on me, not from another
wife." From him Allah gave 6 children. Khadijah died in Mecca in the
month of Ramadan in the 10th year of the prophet hood at the age of 65
years and was buried in Al-Hujun.9
Throughout the life of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, his sweet
experience with this beloved wife never faded even though so many
women, girls or widows, young and old, tried to fill that heart or shift a
little of Khadijah's memories from his mind.10
b. Saudah binti Zam’ah r.a
Saudah binti Zam’ah was the second wife of the Prophet who was
proposed by Khaulah. Her full name was Saudah binti Zam’ah bin Qais bin
‘Abdu Syams bin ‘Abdi Wudd al-Amiriyyah dari Bani Amir.11 As before,
Saudah was an old widow named Al-Sakran and a friend who also
emigrated to Habasyah to avoid the torture of the Quraysh infidels.
Saudah had a fat build, and seemed difficult to walk, cheerful, and
8 Al-Hamid Al-Husaini, Baitunnubuwwah: Rumah Tangga Nabi Muhammad SAW,
(Jakarta: Pustaka Hidayah, 1993), h. 70
9 Al-Mubarakfury, Sirah Nabawiyah, (Bandung: Mizan, 2013)h. 327. Musthafa
As-Siba’I, Yang Tersembunyi dari Sirah Nabi, Memahami Rahasia di balik Peristiwa
Bersejarah Dalam Hidup Rasulullah, h. 57
10 M. Quraish Shihab, Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad SAW Dalam Sorotan al-
Qur’an dan Hadis-hadis Shahih, h. 428
11 Al-Husaini, Baitunnubuwwah: Rumah Tangga Nabi Muhammad SAW, h. 88.
6 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
humorous.12 She married the Apostle a month after the death of Sayyidah
Khadijah, in the 10th year of prophethood. One of the reasons she accepted
the Prophet's proposal was to gain mercy on the Day of Resurrection. She
died in Medina in the month of Shawwal in the year 54 Hijriyyah.
c. Aisyah binti Abu Bakar r.a.
Sayyidah 'Aisyah was the only wife of the prophet Muhammad who
was a maiden. The Prophet married Aisyah at the age of 6 and lived in the
same house at the age of 9.13
This marriage took place a year after the Prophet's wife Saudah
died. 'Aisyah was the daughter of a friend of the Prophet named Abu
Bakar bin Quhafah bin 'Amir bin 'Amr bin Ka'ab bin Sa'ad bin Tamim bin
Murrah. His mother was Ruman binti ‘Umair bin ‘Amir from Bani Al-
Harith bin Ghanim bin Kinanah. Before marrying the Prophet, Abu Bakar
had accepted the proposal of Muth’im bin ‘Ady for his daughter Jubair.
Because of Khaulah's request to Abu Bakar, he then canceled the proposal
and married the Prophet with a dowry of 500 dirhams.14
Aisyah was a young woman who was cheerful, gentle, friendly, and
intelligent. She was a woman who occupied not only his household, but
also the heart of the Prophet Muhammad. Sayyidah 'Aisyah had a sweet
face, slender body, two wide eyes, curly hair, a bright face, and reddish
white skin. Prophet Muhammad nicknamed her and called her Humaira.
Sayyidah Aisyah was the one who was with the Prophet the most.
She narrated 2,210 hadiths. The hadiths she narrated mostly told about
the life of the Prophet, women's problems, and the life of the Prophet's
household. Her intelligence was widely recognized by scholars as ummul
mukminin who master the field of Fiqh. Imam Az-Zuhri said that 'Aisyah
r.a's knowledge of religion when compared to all the knowledge that
existed in other wives of the Prophet, or when compared to the religious
knowledge that existed in all women (at that time) then 'Aisyah r.a's
12 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah (Kairo: Dar al-
Rayyan li al-Turats, 1987). h. 202
13 Wahid Ibn Abdu as-Salam Bali, al-Khulasah al-Bahiyyah Fi Tartib Ahdas Sirah
an-Nabawiyah, (Mesir: Dar al-Fawaid, 2011), h. 30
14 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah, h. 271
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 7
knowledge was certainly more. He died at the age of less than 20 years on
the 17th of Ramadan in the year 57/58 Hijri and was buried in Baqi'.15
d. Hafshah binti Umar bin Al-Khattab
Besides Aisyah, the wife of the Prophet who was the daughter of
his best friend was Hafshah. A young widow who was bereaved by her
husband Khunais ibn Hudzafah bin Qais bin 'Adiy Al-Sahmi Al-Quraishi in
the period between the Battle of Badar and the Battle of Uhud.16 Hafshah
is the daughter of Umar bin Al-Khattab. Hafshah and the Prophet's
marriage took place at the request of Umar bin Al-Khattab who felt sorry
for his daughter who was left behind by her husband. Sayyidah Hafshah
was the only wife of the Prophet and the first person who was entrusted
with keeping the Al-Quran manuscripts during the reign of Abu Bakar
Ash-Siddiq. She narrated many hadiths from his father Umar bin Khattab.
After the death of the Prophet Muhammad and the Muslims began to
divide, Hafshah decided to distance himself from the dispute. She lived
and died in Medina by spending time in worship, multiplying good deeds
and hoping for the pleasure of Allah. She died during the time of
Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, the founder of the Umayyah dynasty. Died in
the year 47 Hijri, at the age of 60 years and was buried in Baqi' with
another wife.
e. Zainab binti Khuzaimah Al-Hilaliyah
The fifth wife of the Prophet was named Zainab binti Khuzaimah
bin Al-Harits bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin ‘Abdi Manaf bin Hilal bin ‘Amir
bin Sah’sha’ah.17 She married the Prophet in the 4th year of Hijri. Sa'ad in
his thabaqat mentioned that Zainab was a widow who was once married
to Thufail bin Al-Harith bin 'Abdul Muttalib and 'Ubaidah bin al-Harith.
Ibn Ishaq in As-Sirah An-Nabawiyyah stated that "She (Zainab) was given
the name Ummul-Masakin because of her love for the poor." Her life with
the Prophet was not less than a year, some even say it was more than two
months. Zainab died at the age of 30.18
15 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah.h. 282
16 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah, h. 320
17 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah,. h. 450
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f. Ummu Salamah Hindun binti Abu Umayyah
Ummu Salamah's real name was Hindun binti Umayyah binti Al-
Mughirah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Umar bin Makhzum. Her mother's name was
'Atikah binti 'Amir bin Rabi'ah bin Malik bin Judzaimah bin 'Alqamah from
the Kinanah clan, while his father's name was Abu Salamah from the clan
of Bani Makhzum. She was a beautiful widow who was left behind by her
husband after carrying out the Battle of Uhud. Before her marriage to the
Prophet, Ummu Salamah was successively proposed by Abu Bakar and
'Umar but she politely rejected them. The Prophet's marriage to Ummu
Salamah took place in the month of Shawwal in the 4th year of Hijriah.
Umm Salamah was a lucky woman who got a revelation when the
Prophet was with her in the form of Q.S. At-Taubah verse 102. Ummu
Salamah participated in the implementation of Umrah to Mecca and was
involved in the Hudaibiyah agreement. She also took part in the war of
Khaibar, Fathu Makkah, military operations to siege Tho'if to break the
resistance of Bani Hawazin and Bani Thaqif. She was blessed with a long
life and found the massacre in the field of Karbala against Al-Husayn bin
'Ali. She died in the year 59 Hijri not long after that incident and was
buried in Baqi'.19
g. Zainab binti Jahsy ibn Ri’ab
Her full name is Zainab binti Jahsy bin Riab bin Ya’mar al-Asady, a
young woman, beautiful, and of noble blood. Her mother was Umaimah
bin Abdul Muttalib who was the aunt of the prophet Muhammad who had
a different mother. Zainab was the wife of Zaid bin Harithah, the servant
of the prophet Muhammad. After the divorce from Zaid, Allah ordered the
Prophet to marry Zainab bint Jahsy as revealed in the Qur'an Surah Al-
Ahzab verse 37.20 She was also the Ummul Mu'minin who became the
khitab in the revelation of Q.S. Al-Ahzab verse 53 about hijab. The
Prophet's marriage to Zainab binti Jahsy occurred in the 5th year of Hijriah
at the age of 35 years. Al-Waqidy in Al-Ishabah explained that Zainab's
real name was Barrah, and then the prophet Muhammad changed it to
Zainab. She was a person who was very diligent in worshiping and fearing
19 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah
20 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah, h. 509
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 9
Allah. Zainab died in the year 20 or 21 Hijri during the Caliph Umar bin
Khattab. Before she died, she said, "I have prepared my own shroud.
Amirul Mu'minin Umar will also send the shroud, donate one of them. If
you can, give me my clothes too.
h. Juwairiyah binti Al-Harits r.a
Juwairiyah (Barrah) was a prisoner of war of the Prophet from
Bani Musthaliq who prefered to believe in the prophet Muhammad than
to be freed by his father. Her marriage had a big impact by converting to
Islam 100 relatives of Bani Mustahliq.21 The companions who owned
slaves from the war of Muraisi' (against the Bani Mustahiq) freed all the
prisoners they got because they were reluctant to Juwairiyah as the wife
of the Prophet. Juwairiyah died at the age of 70 years during the reign of
the Umayyah dynasty. Her body was prayed for by Marwan bin Al-Hakam.
i. Shafiyyah binti Huyay
Shafiyyah was a Jewish woman, the daughter of the leader of the
Bani Nadhir of the Bani Israil, the wife of Kinanah who led the troops in
the war of Khaibar.22 After the defeat of the Jews of Medina, Shafiyyah and
her son became prisoners of the prophet Muhammad. She then married
the Prophet with a dowry of freedom from slaves. After getting married,
Shafiyyah told the story that when she married Kinanah, she dreamed
that the moon was falling in her room. Shafiyyah died around 50 Hijri
during Mu'awiyah's reign and was buried in Baqi'.
j. Ummu Habibah Ramlah binti Abu Sufyan
Ummu Habibah's real name was Ramlah binti Abi Sufyan. She was
the wife of the son of the Prophet's aunt named Ubaidillah bin Jahsy Al-
Asady, Zainab's brother who became the wife of the Prophet. Ramlah
embraced Islam from an early age with her husband even though this was
opposed by her father Abu Sufyan. She was one of the women who
migrated to Habsyah with her husband. Arriving there, her husband
embraced Christianity and that made her sad. By Allah's permission, the
Prophet then married her through the deputy guardian Khalid bin Sa'id.
21 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah h. 520
22 Shafiyurrahman Al-Mubarakfury, Sirah Nabawiyah h.330
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King Najasyi gifted Ramlah's marriage to the Prophet in the form of 400
dinars and sent her home with Shurahbil ibn Hasanah. In the kutubus
sittah there are 65 hadiths from Ummu Habibah r.a. She died in 42 H and
some say 44 or 50 Hijri.23
k. Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah
Mariyah Al-Qibthiyyah is the daughter of an Egyptian ruler (Qibthi)
who was born in the city of Anshina, east of the Nile. His father's name is
Syam'un, while his mother was Roman and Christian.24 Unlike the wife of
the Prophet who held the title ummul mukminin, Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah
was a Sarriyat.25 She was the wife of the prophet after Khadijah who was
blessed with a child named Ibrahim at the age of the Prophet 60 years.
Like the other sons of the Prophet, Ibrahim died at the age of less than a
year in the 10th year of Hijri. In the 16th year of Hijri, Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah
died and on the instructions of the amirul mukminin Umar ibn Khattab.
She was buried in Baqi’ with the other wives of the Prophet.
l. Maimunah binti Al-Harits r.a.
Maimunah was the sister of Ummul Fadhl Lubabah Al-Kubra binti
Al-Harith Al-Hilaliyyah who became the wife of Al-Abbas. Previously her
name was Barrah, then the Prophet replaced it with Maimunah. The
marriage of the Prophet and Maimunah occurred after she told Lubabah
of his interest in the Prophet. Al-Abbas, Lubabah's husband then
conveyed to the Prophet, and the answer came down to Q.S. Al-Ahzab
verse 50. The Prophet married Maimunah in the month of Dzulqa'dah 7
Hijri at the time of Umrah Qadlo '. He married by giving a dowry of 400
dirhams and Al-’Abbas’s role was as the guardian of Maimunah. In the
year 61 or 63 Hijriah, Maimunah died in Saraf and is still famous today.26
23 Al-Hamid Al-Husaini, Baitunnubuwwah: Rumah Tangga Nabi Muhammad Saw,
h. 213.
24 Al-Mubarakfury, Sirah Nabawiyah, h. 327
25 Sariyyat or sariyyah is a legal wife according to the Shari'a but does not have
official status as a full wife because it is a gift or gift from another party whose social
status is the same as a slave. In the past the Arabs called it Umm Walad.
26 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah, h. 280
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 11
Prophet Muham mad's Hou sehold Pr ob lems
Prophet Muhammad was a messenger of Allah who was also a
human being. As with his companions, and other Muslims, the Prophet
also experienced difficulties and problems in his household. Moreover,
after the death of Khadijah, the Prophet married another woman on the
orders of Allah and certain social conditions. The gap between the
marriages of one wife with another wife was not far, so it certainly caused
social jealousy among the ummahat al-mukminin. Aisyah as the only wife
of the Prophet who was a maiden and most loved by the Prophet certainly
could not hide her jealousy from the Prophet Muhammad. Although in
various narrations it is said that Aisyah was the wife who got more
attention, but Aisyah could not calm down seeing the arrival of other
prettier wives like Shafiyyah and Hafshah. In addition to jealousy because
of being married, the material factors that made the Prophet perform
khiyar to his wives became an inseparable part of household turmoil.
The story of Maghafir and Zainab bint Jahsy
On the way, Aisyah can be good friends with Hafshah. In fact, both
of them exchanged information and "conspired" to make the Prophet not
linger with other than the two of them. At that time, the Prophet's new
wife named Zainab binti Jahsy arrived. The beautiful and young daughter
of a Jewish ruler. When Hafshah and Ayesha observed the Prophet
together with Zainab, they both agreed to ask the Prophet something,
starting with Hafshah by asking the Prophet "did you eat maghafir?".
Maghafir is a sweet smelling fruit. When it was ‘Aisyah 's turn, she asked
the same question that was asked by Hafshah, "Are you eating Maghafir,
O Messenger of Allah?". He then said no, but he drank the honey that
Zainab had given him. The Prophet then promised not to drink it. This
story is written in the Hadith narrated by Bukhari and Muslim as follows:
اٌج، َعني اْبني ُجَرْيٍج، قَاَل: َزَعَم َعطَاٌء، أَنَُّه سَي ثَ َنا َحجَّ دي ْبني َصبَّاٍح، َحدَّ َثِني احَلَسُن ْبُن ُُمَمَّ ، َحدَّ َع ُعبَ ْيَد ْبَن ُعَمْْيٍ
اّللَُّ َي َرضي َعائيَشَة ْعُت سَي َجْحٍش، يَ ُقوُل: بيْنتي َزيْ َنَب عيْنَد ََيُْكُث َوَسلََّم َكاَن َعَلْيهي هللاُ َصلَّى َّ النَِّبي َأنَّ َها: َعن ْ
َعَليْ هللاُ َصلَّى ُّ النَِّبي َها َعَلي ْ َدَخَل أَي َّتَ َنا َأنَّ َوَحْفَصُة: َأََن فَ تَ َواَصْيُت ، َعَسًلا عيْنَدَها فَ ْلتَ قُ َوَيْشَرُب َوَسلََّم إيِّني هي ْل:
ْنَك رييَح َمَغافيَْي، َأَكْلَت َمَغافيَْي، َفَدَخَل َعَلى إيْحَداُُهَا، فَ َقاَلْت َلُه َذليَك، فَ َقاَل: »اَل، َبْل ُد مي َشريْبُت َعَسًلا َأجي
َ ُُتَرِيمُ ُّ ِلي ُ َلَك{ ]التحرمي: عيْنَد َزيْ َنَب بيْنتي َجْحٍش، َوَلْن َأُعوَد َلُه« فَ نَ َزَلْت: }ََي أَي َُّها النَِّبي إيََل -[1 َما َأَحلَّ اّللَّ
12 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
]التحرمي: - اّللَّي{ إيََل تَ ُتوََب ]التحرمي: 4}إيْن } هي أَْزَواجي بَ ْعضي إيََل ُّ النَِّبي َأَسرَّ }َوإيْذ َوَحْفَصَة: ليَعائيَشَة ]3 ]
.» 27ليَقْوليهي: »َبْل َشريْبُت َعَسًلا
“Has told me Al Hasan bin Muhammad bin Shabbah has told us Hajjaj from
Ibn Juraij he said: Atha` argued that he heard Ubaid bin Umair say: I heard
Aisha radiyallahu 'anha said: That the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa
sallam once stopped at the house Zainab binti Jahsy and he also drank honey
there. Then Hafshah and I advised each other, that whoever among us is met
by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam should say: "Indeed I get the
smell of Maghafir. Have you finished eating Maghafir?" Finally he went in
to meet one of the two and he revealed the sentence to him. Finally he said:
"No, but I only drink honey at the place of Zainab binti Jahsh and I will not
do it again." Then the verse came down: {O Prophet, why do you forbid
something that Allah has made lawful} until His word: {If you both repent}
that is to Aisyah and Hafshah." As for the quote from the verse {And when
the Prophet said a secret to some of his wives} namely related to his words:
"Even I only drink honey"
For that incident, Allah then rebuked the Prophet Muhammad
through Q.S. At-Tahrim verse 1. This verse urges the prophet Muhammad
not to forbid what has been made lawful by Allah just because his wives
are jealous of one of them.
The story of Mariyatul Qibtiyyah and the Prophet's Oath to Hafshah
The dispute between the wives did not stop at the story of Zainab.
Mariyah was also one of the targets of Aisyah and Hafshah's jealousy. At
first, Aisyah and Hafshah were not worried about Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah's
presence because she did not live with them.28
However, because God's gift was given to her in the form of a gift
from the son of the prophet Muhammad, this made Aisyah and Hafshah's
jealousy uncontrollable. Until one day, Mariyah went to meet the Prophet
who was at Hafshah's house, while Hafshah at that time went to visit her
father Umar ibn Khattab. At the time when the Prophet was having a
27 Muhammad ibn Ismail Abu Abdillah Al-Bukhari, Shahih al-Bukhari, (tt: Dar
Thouq an-Najah, 1422H), Juz. 7, h. 44
28 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah. , (Kairo: Dar Al-
Rayyan Li AT-Turost, 1987), h. 279.
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 13
conversation (some think he was having sex) with Mariyah, Hafshah
came. She waited outside because she saw that Mariyah was inside. After
Mariyah came out, Hafshah came in and cried and protested what she
saw.
Seeing this, the Prophet then forbade himself to Mariyah on the
condition that Hafshah did not tell this to anyone. But Hafshah couldn't
help it and told Aisyah and the news spread. As a result of that story, the
friends then discussed and waited for what the Prophet would do. This
story in At-Tabari's opinion is the reason for the revelation of Q.S. At-
Tahrim verses 1-5 as follows.
ُّ ُ َلَك( قال: حدثنا يونس، قال: أخربَن ابن وهب، قال: قال ابن زيد يف قوله: )ََيأَي َُّها النَِّبي َ ُُتَرِيُم َما َأَحلَّ اّللَّ ِلي
إنه َوَجَدتي امرأة من نساء رسول هللا َصلَّى هللا َعَلْيهي َوَسلَّم مع جاريته يف بيتها، فقالت: َي رسول هللا أىن كان
ال "اسُكِتي َوَسلَّم: رسول هللا َصلَّى هللا َعَلْيهي هلا فقال أهوهنِن عليك؟ وكنت ألحٍد، هذا األمر، َتْذُكريي َهَذا
ا"، فقالت: َي رسول هللا وكيف ُتِرم عليك ما أحِل هللا لك حني تقول: َي َعَليَّ َحرَاٌم إْن قَ رُبْ تُ َها بَ ْعَد َهَذا أََبدا هي
َ ُُتَرِيُم َما َأَحلَّ ُّ ِلي ا فقال هللا: )ََيأَي َُّها النَِّبي ا؟ فقال: وهللا ال آتيها أَبدا ُ َلَك( ... اآلية، قد هي علِي حرام أبدا اّللَّ
ُ َمْوالُكْم َوُهَو اْلَعلييُم احلَْكييمُ لََّة أََْيَانيُكْم َواّللَّ ُ َلُكْم ُتَي 29.( غفرت هذا لك، وقولك وهللا )َقْد فَ َرَض اّللَّ
On this incident, the Prophet then took the attitude to separate
beds from his wives for one month. He was alone in a remote place in the
mountains of Medina.30
Meanwhile, Hafshah was very sorry for what she did. Umar ibn
Khattab advised him not to do it again. He advised that if it weren't for
Hafshah being Umar's son, the Apostle would not have wanted to see him
again at his house. This story is found in several narrations of Bukhari and
Muslim as follows:
" Has told us Abu Yemen Has told us Shu'aib from Az Zuhri he said: Has
informed me Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin Abu Tsaur from Abdullah bin
Abbas radiyallahu 'anhuma, he said: I always insisted on asking 'Umar bin
29 Muhamamad ibn Jarir Abu Ja’far At-Thabari, Jami’ Al-Bayan Fi Ta’wil Al-Qur’an
(Muassasah al-Risalah, 2000), Juz. 1, h. 476.
30 Abdussami’ Al-Anis, Al-Asalib an-Nabawiyyah Fi Mu’alajat Al-Musykilat Az-
Zaujiyah (Dar ibn al-Jauzi, n.d.).
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Al Khaththab about two women from the wives of the Prophet sallallaahu
'alaihi wa sallam, whom Allah said to them bot :
“ قُ ُلو َصَغْت فَ َقْد اّللَّي إيََل تَ ُتوََب إيْن {} ُبُكَما Until one day, he performed Hajj and I also
performed Hajj with him. On the way he stepped aside to relieve himself, so
I followed him with a water bag. He also defecated, and he came back I
poured water on his hands, then he performed ablution. That's when I
asked: "O Amirul Mukminin, who are the two women from the wives of the
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam whom Allah Ta'ala said to them: “ {
تَ ُتوََب إيََل اّللَّي فَ َقْد َصَغْت قُ ُلوُبُكَماإينْ
If you both repent to Allah, then indeed your hearts are both inclined (to
receive goodness)." Umar replied: "It is really surprising for you, O Ibn
Abbas. The two women are 'Aisyah and Hafshah."
Then 'Umar narrated his hadith more broadly, he said: In the past, I had a
neighbor from the Ansar in Banu Umayyah bin Zaid who were poor
residents of Manidah. We took turns to attend the assembly of the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. I attended one day and he was present one
day. If I was present, then I would convey the things that were conveyed by
him in the form of revelation or something else on that day. And if it was his
turn, he would do the same. We are the Quraysh whose position is always
above the women. And after we met the Ansar, it turned out that they were
a people who were heavily influenced by their women. So our wives began
to imitate and adopt the customs and habits of the Ansar women. Then I
invited my wife to have a discussion, and she argued against my argument.
I denied his treatment, he said: "Why don't you invite me to discuss? By
Allah, indeed the wives of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam invited
him to discuss. Even today until tonight, one of them silenced him. " I was
surprised by that too. I said to him: "Indeed it has been a loss for any of them
who did this."
After that, I rushed to tidy up my clothes and then went to Hafshah. I said to
him: "O Hafshah, has any of you caused the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa
sallam to be angry today and into the night?" He replied: "Yes." I said:
"Indeed, you have lost. Do you feel that if Allah were to become angry with
the anger of the Messenger of Allah -peace and prayer of Allah be upon him-
and you would perish?. And do not silence it. Ask me what you want. Do not
be jealous of your honey which is more loved by the Prophet sallallaahu
'alaihi wa sallam - which means 'Aisyah-."
'Umar said: Previously, we had spoken to each other that Ghassan was
preparing cavalry to fight us. On the day it was his turn, my friend from the
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 15
Ansar attended the assembly and then came back to see me after the Isha'
prayer. He knocked on my door very loudly and said: "Hurry up and open
it!" So I immediately went out to meet him. He said: "Indeed, today a great
thing has happened." I asked: "What was that? Has Ghassan come?" He
replied: "No, even bigger than that. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa
sallam has divorced his wives." Ubaid bin Hunain said: He heard Ibn Abbas,
from 'Umar, he said: "The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam left his
wives." So I said: "Really, Hafshah has lost." I had expected this to happen. I
immediately packed my clothes, then prayed Fajr with the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. After that, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa
sallam entered his drinking place and stayed there. Then I went in to see
Hafshah, it turned out that she was crying. I said to him: "What made you
cry? Didn't I remind you of this? Did the Prophet (sallallahu 'alayhi wa
sallam) divorce you?" He replied: "I don't know, he was alone in a drinking
place."
So I immediately went out and went to the pulpit, it turned out that there
were several people around, some of them were also crying, so I sat with
them for a while and then I couldn't control the atmosphere anymore. So I
came to the drinking place that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam
used to stay. I said to his slave: "Ask permission for 'Umar." Then the slave
entered and spoke to the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam then came
back and said: "I have spoken to the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam
and have also mentioned you, but he is silent." Finally I came back and sat
down again with a group of people who had been around the pulpit. After
that, I was impatient, so I went to the slave again and said to him: "Ask
permission for 'Umar." He entered then returned saying: "I have mentioned
you, but he remains silent."
I came back again and sat down with some of the people on the pulpit.
However, I couldn't wait any longer and went to the slave and said: "Ask
permission for 'Umar." He entered and returned saying: "Indeed, I have
mentioned your name, but he remains silent." So when I turned to leave,
suddenly the slave called me and said: "Verily the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi
wa sallam has allowed you." Finally, I met the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi
wa sallam who was lying on the sand on a mat without a mattress. The sand
had marks on the sides of his body. he had a leather pillow filled with coir. I
saluted him and said standing up: "O Messenger of Allah, have you divorced
your wives?" So he raised his eyes to me and replied: "No." So I said: "Allahu
Akbar." I said again standing up: "I heard, O Messenger of Allah, if you could
see me. We are the Quraysh who always rule over women. However, when
16 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
we came to Medina, it turned out that they were a people dominated by
women."
Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam smiled. Then I said again: "O
Messenger of Allah, if you wanted to see me. I have met Hafshah and said to
her: 'Never be jealous when your neighbor is more beloved to the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam - which means 'Aisha-.'" Then the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam smiled again. So at that time, I sat down and
raised my eyes towards his house. So by Allah, I did not see anything in his
house except for three tanned skins. I said to him: "O Messenger of Allah,
pray to Allah for your ummah. Because the Persians and Romans have been
given freedom, and they have also been given the world, even though they
do not worship Allah." Finally the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam sat
down previously lying down. Then he said: "Is this your attitude, O Ibn al-
Khattab? Indeed, they are a people whose goodness has been hastened in
the world." I said: "O Messenger of Allah, ask forgiveness for me."
So the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam left his wives because of that.
Namely, when Hafshah spread it to 'Aisyah, that is for twenty-nine days. At
that time he said: "I will not enter to meet them for a month." That is,
because of the severity of his irritation with them, namely when Allah
rebuked him. And when twenty-nine days had passed, he met 'Aisyah and he
started from her. So ' Aisyah also said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, you
have actually sworn not to meet us for a whole month. While today you have
just entered the twenty-ninth day, as I counted." Then he said: "Indeed the
count of the month is twenty-nine days." And indeed the number of days in
that month is twenty-nine nights. 'Aisyah said: Then Allah Ta'ala revealed
the verse At Takhyir (the verse that contains the choice to remain the wife
of the Prophet or not). He started with me, the first woman from his wives.
And I prefer him. After that, he gave a choice to all his wives, and they
answered as Aisyah said.".31
The Failure of the Prophet's Marriage with Asma 'Al-Kindiyyah
In another narration, it is narrated that Sayyidah Aisyah with her
intelligence was able to thwart the Prophet's marriage to a woman from
Bani Kindah named Asma binti Nu’man bin Al-Aswad Al-Kindiyyah Al-
Jauniyyah.32
31 Al-Bukhari, Shahih Bukhari, (tt: Dar Thouq an-Najah, 1422H), Juz. 3, h. 133
32 There is a difference in names in the narrations of the scholars', some say that
it is the son of Asma al-Kindah's uncle as in the book Sirah Ibn Hisham, Malikah bint
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 17
Bani Kindah named Aisyah felt rivaled by the presence of the. After
the ijab-kabul made by the Prophet, Aisyah together with Hafshah and
Saudah planned a trick so that Asma was sent back by the Prophet to her
parents. Aisyah called Hafshah and asked her willingness to tell Asma
binti Nu'man that if the Messenger of Allah came, he would be very happy
if he came to his wife to be greeted with the words "a'udzu billah".
Hafshah then did what Aisyah said. He advised Asma not to forget to say
that when the Prophet entered his residence. As a newcomer, Asma did
not have any prejudice and carried out Hafshah's instructions.
When the Prophet Muhammad entered his residence, with a
beaming face, Asma said "A'udzu billah". Immediately the Prophet
Muhammad was shocked while looking away and said "You have asked
Allah for protection", immediately the Prophet left Asma, canceled his
marriage and ordered one of his friends to hand over a certain gift
(mut'ah) to Asma and take her home to her parents. Asma's father came
to return his daughter to the Prophet and told him that what she told was
a hint from his wife Hafshah. However, the Prophet Muhammad refused
and he did not want to approach Asma.
This story in Hamid Al-Husaini's opinion is very weak and even
rejected by the scholars. The reason is that it is impossible for the Prophet
to divorce his wife just because of a misunderstanding of the words
spoken with the intention of pleasing him.33
The Slander of Aisyah' Affair (Haditsul Ifki)
The slanderous story of Aisyah's infidelity became one of the most
influential household tempests. Not only did the Prophet receive an
immediate revelation of his answer, but also social pressure that clouded
Aisyah's psychological atmosphere. The story of Aisyah's infidelity
slander in many hadith narrations is called the hadist ifki. It was started
from the lottery of the Prophet's wives who fell on Aisyah to accompany
the Prophet in the Musthaliq war. After the war was over and the Muslim
Daud Al-Laitsiyyah in the book Thabaqat Al-Kubra At-Tabari, and in another version
named Fatima bint Ad-Dhahak Al-Kalabiyyah.
33 Al-Husaini, Baitunnubuwwah, Rumah Tangga Nabi Muhammad Saw, h. 115
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troops were about to leave for Medina in the morning, Sayyidah Aisyah
was defecating. The troops prepared the Haudaj, a small tent on a camel's
hump as Aisyah's vehicle. However, seeing the large amount of luggage
on the camel, and Aisha's small body, the soldiers thought that Ayesha
was already in the tent.
After returning from defecating, Aisyah felt her neck and did not
find the necklace there. She then returned to the place where she needed
to go and searched for it for a long time until she finally found it in a thick
pile of sand. Sayyidah Aisyah returned to the camp and was ready to go
home, but she saw that all the troops had come a long way. She thought
that the troops would come back to pick her up after seeing that she was
not in her haudaj, but that assumption did not happen. Sayyidah Aisyah
was confused and prayed, until then a young man named Shofwan ibn
Mu'athol came riding a horse back from the Muraisi war. He also asked
Aisyah, "Aren't you the wife of the Prophet? Why are you here alone?
Aisyah answered by lowering her gaze. Hearing this, Shofwan also invited
Aisyah to get on his horse to go home together to Medina. During the trip,
the two did not speak at all. Sayyidah Aisyah was on a horse, while
Shafwan walked beside her.
Arriving in Medina, Shafwan immediately took Aisyah to the
compound of the Prophet's wife. Aisyah did not realize that the entire
Medina was discussing her return with the young man. The news of this
affair was blown by a Medina hypocrite named 'Abdullah bin Ubay, and
disseminated by Hamnah bint Jahsy (the sibling of Zainab binti Jahzy).
Ayesha felt the attitude of the Prophet who was very cold and different,
but Aisha did not know where she was wrong. This situation made Aisyah
sick, suffering until she was thin and pale. Aisyah was temporarily staying
at her mother's house, Ummu Rumman. After several months, there was
no change in the attitude of the Apostle, this made Aisyah suffer even
more.
After Aisyah found out about the rumors of her affair, she then
asked her mother why she wasn't told? Her mother then cheered her up
by saying she didn't believe the news. When the Prophet visited him
again, the Prophet asked her to repent. Aisha also refused the Prophet's
request because she felt she did not do it. When the Prophet Muhammad
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 19
was about to leave and go home, he fell asleep and was covered by Ayesha
because the revelation came down to him. The revelation was Q.S An-Nur
verses 11-19 which contained news that Aisyah was actually slandered.
After receiving the revelation, the Prophet then conveyed it to the
Muslims in the mosque. In addition to this verse, the Prophet also
received the revelation of Surah An-Nur verse 4.34
The Slander of Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah's Affair with a Slave
As a wife who did not hold the title of ummul mukminin like the
others, Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah did not become the object of jealousy of the
Prophet's wives. However, since the news that Mariyah was pregnant, the
jealousy of the wives was evident and very visible. This jealousy turned
out to be nothing compared to the slander that was exhaled by a number
of people in Medina. They accused Mariyah of having an affair with a male
slave who had come with her from Egypt named Mabrur. This slave was
in charge of serving all of Mariyah's daily needs such as looking for
firewood, fetching drinking water. However, the allegations were false
and unproven. Allah showed irrefutable evidence that the slave was
castrated, as in the following Hadith narrated by Imam Bukhari:
ثَ َأْخرَبَََن َسَلَمَة، ْبُن ََحَّاُد ثَ َنا َحدَّ اُن، َعفَّ ثَ َنا َحدَّ َحْرٍب، ْبُن زَُهْْيُ َثِني َهُم َحدَّ يُ ت َّ َرُجًلا َكاَن َأنَّ أََنٍس، َعْن بيٌت،
ُمِي َوَلدي َرُسولي هللاي َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم، فَ َقاَل َرُسوُل هللاي َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم ليَعلييٍِ : »اْذَهْب فَاْضريْب ُعنُ َقُه« ِبي
يَ َترَبَّ رَكييٍِ يفي ُهَو فَإيَذا َعلييٌّ َلُه َفَأََتُه لَْيَس ََمُْبوٌب ُهَو فَإيَذا َفَأْخَرَجُه، يََدُه فَ َناَوَلُه اْخرُْج، : َعلييٌّ َلُه فَ َقاَل فييَها، ُد
َّ َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم، فَ َقاَل: ََي َرُسوَل هللاي إينَُّه لَ َكرٌ َمْجُبوٌب َما َلُه ذَ ذََكٌر، َفَكفَّ َعلييٌّ َعْنُه، ُُثَّ أََتى النَِّبي
35
“It has been told to me Zuhair ibn Harb, from Affan, from Hammad ibn
Salamah, It has been told to us Tsabit, from Anas's friend that there was a
man who was accused of having an affair with Ummi Walad (Mariyah Al-
Qibtiyah). The Prophet then ordered Ali to cut off his head. Ali then went to
the man who was in the container cooling his body. Ali then ordered him out
and helped him to go up naked, and at that moment it was seen that the
slave had been castrated and had no dzakar and Ali canceled his intention.
Ali then conveyed it to the Prophet."
34 Hadith Ifki narrated by many muhaddits both in the sahihain, the book of
sunan, and Thbaqat ibn Sa'ad, etc.
35 Al-Bukhari, Shahih Al-Bukhari, (tt: Dar Thouq an-Najah, 1422H), Juz. 4, h.
2134
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The Death of Ibrahim, The Son of Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah
Besides Khadijah, the only wife of the Prophet blessed with
children was Mariyah Al-Qibtiyyah, a slave of the Prophet who legally
became a wife according to the law, but did not live with another wife of
the Prophet. At the time of marriage to Mariyah, the Prophet's age at that
time was 60 years old. Thanks to Allah's permission and mercy, Mariyah
gave birth to a son, who was named Ibrahim. On learning that Mariyah
was pregnant, the Prophet moved Mariyah to the outskirts of Medina and
was accompanied by her brother Sirin. Exactly in the year 8 Hijri, Mariah
gave birth with the help of the wife of Abu Rafi' midwife.36 The name
Ibrahim was taken from the name of the first Arab ancestor, the father of
Prophet Ismail, namely Prophet Ibrahim.
Unfortunately the Prophet's happiness did not last long. When
Ibrahim became one year old, Ibrahim suffered from illness.37
The Prophet had ordered Ibrahim to get the best treatment, but
Allah had other plans and Ibrahim passed away. This incident made the
Prophet feel very sad to see his son who had died. With tears in his eyes,
he looked at his son's pale face, his breathing was heavy, and his heart
rate was getting softer. While wiping the tears that rolled down his
cheeks, he said "O my son Ibrahim, before Allah we cannot give you any
help." The Messenger of Allah then kissed the body of Ibrahim which was
still in his mother's lap, he said again "O my son Ibrahim, if death is not
something that is true and not a promise that must be true. If the latter
would not catch up with the former, of course we would be sadder than
the present. O Ibrahim, we are really sad that you have left” as narrated
in the hadith:
ُُنَْْيٍ ْبني هللاي َعْبدي ْبُن ُد َوُُمَمَّ َحْرٍب، ْبُن زَُهْْيُ ثَ َنا ليزَُهْْيٍ - َحدَّ ُعَليََّة، - َواللَّْفُظ اْبُن َوُهَو إيْسَاعييُل ثَ َنا َحدَّ قَااَل:
ا ْن َرُسولي هللاي َعْن أَيُّوَب، َعْن َعْمريو ْبني َسعييٍد، َعْن أََنسي ْبني َماليٍك، قَاَل: »َما َرأَْيُت َأَحدا ْلعيَيالي مي َكاَن أَْرَحَم َبي
يَ ْنطَليقُ يَنةي، َفَكاَن عاا َلُه يفي َعَواِلي اْلَمدي ُمْسََتْضي يُم قَاَل: »َكاَن إيبْ رَاهي فَ َيْدُخُل َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم«، َمَعُه َوََنُْن
نا رُُه قَ ي ْ ئ ْ َخُن، وََكاَن ظي يُم قَاَل َرُسوُل هللاي اْلبَ ْيَت َوإينَُّه لَُيدَّ َ إيبْ رَاهي ا تُ ُويِفي ُع« قَاَل َعْمٌرو: فَ َلمَّ
ا، فَ َيْأُخُذُه فَ يُ َقبِيُلُه، ُُثَّ يَ ْرجي
36 HMH Al-Hamid Al-Husaini, Baitunnubuwwah; Rumah Tangga Nabi
Muhammad Saw, h. 232.
37 Aisyah Abdurrahman, Tarajum Sayyidati Baitin Nubuwwah, h. 407
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 21
ًَل َرْيني ُتَكمِي ئ ْ يَم اْبِني َوإينَُّه َماَت يفي الثَّْديي َوإينَّ َلُه َلظي « )رواه ني َرَضاَعُه يفي َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم: »إينَّ إيبْ رَاهي اْْلَنَّةي
38البخاري(
Ibrahim's body was then bathed by Al-Fadhl ibn Abbas. The
companions then came to pray and to bury Ibrahim's body. After
returning from the tomb, the companions who brought Ibrahim's body
saw the light of the sun getting dimmer and dimmer until there was a
solar eclipse. The Companions began to discuss that the cause of the
eclipse was the death of the Prophet's son, Ibrahim. The rumors came to
the Prophet and then he explained that “the sun and the moon are two
signs that show the power of Allah. Eclipses of the sun and moon do not
occur because of someone's death."
عْ سَي قَاَل: قَ ْيٍس، َعْن إيْسَاعييَل، َعْن َُحَْيٍد، ْبُن يُم إيبْ رَاهي ثَ َنا َحدَّ قَاَل: َعبَّاٍد، ْبُن َهاُب شي ثَ َنا َمْسُعوٍد، َحدَّ َأََب ُت
ال قَاَل َوَلكي يَ ُقوُل: ، النَّاسي َن مي َأَحٍد ليَمْوتي َفاني يَ ْنَكسي الَ َوالَقَمَر ْمَس الشَّ »إينَّ َوَسلََّم: َعَلْيهي هللاُ َصلَّى ُّ ُهَما نَِّبي ن َّ
ْن آََيتي اّللَّي، فَإيَذا رَأَيْ ُتُموُُهَا، فَ ُقوُموا، َفَصلُّوا« 39آيَ َتاني مي
"Shihab bin 'Abbad told us: Ibrahim bin Humaid from Isma'il from Qais said:
I heard Abu Mas'ud say: The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
Verily the sun and the moon will not eclipse because of the death of one of
the people, but they are two signs of the greatness of Allah. If you see the
eclipse of both, then pray."
The Prophet's Meth od of Ove rcom ing H ousehold Pro blems
In dealing with various problems in the household, the Prophet
Muhammad had a method in solving them. The Prophet always looked at
situations and conditions in taking actions and decisions to be made.
There were times when the Prophet rebuked directly, jokingly, patiently
and decisively and by separating himself.
Smiling and Joking
The problem that the prophet Muhammad often faced was the
jealousy of his young wife, Aisyah, to Ummu Salamah.40 Aisyah's jealousy
38Al-Bukhari, Shahih Bukhari, (tt: Dar Thouq an-Najah, 1422H), Juz. 4, h. 1808
39 Al-Bukhari, Shahih Bukhari, (tt: Dar Thouq an-Najah, 1422H), Juz. 2, h. 34.
Muslim, Shahih Muslim, (Beirut: dar al-Jail, 1334 H), Juz 3, no hadis 2071, h. 35
40 Al-Anis, Al-Asalib an-Nabawiyyah Fi Mu’alajat Al-Musykilat Az-Zaujiyah, h. 78.
22 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
was responded to by the Prophet with a joke as in the hadith narrated by
Bukhari,
َعْن ُعْرَوَة، ْبني َشامي هي َعْن ُسَلْيَماَن، َعْن ي، َأخي َثِني َحدَّ قَاَل: اّللَّي، َعْبدي ْبُن إيْسَاعييُل ثَ َنا َعائيَشَة َحدَّ َعْن ، أَبييهي
َيا َوفييهي َشَجَرٌة َقْد أُكيَل مي َها، قَاَلْت: قُ ْلُت ََي َرُسوَل اّللَّي، أََرأَْيَت َلْو نَ َزْلَت َوادي ُ َعن ْ َي اّللَّ َها، َوَوَجْدَت َشَجراا َرضي ن ْ
الَّذي »يفي قَاَل: بَعيْيََك؟ تُ ْرتيُع أَيِيَها ُكْنَت يفي َها، ن ْ مي يُ ؤَْكْل َعَلْيهي َِلْ هللاُ َصلَّى اّللَّي َرُسوَل َأنَّ تَ ْعِني َها« ن ْ مي يُ ْرَتْع َِلْ ي
َوَسلََّم َِلْ يَ تَ َزوَّْج بيْكراا َغْْيََها )رواه البخاري(
41
“Telling us Ismail ibn Abdullah, he said: tell us my brother, from Sulaiman,
from Hisham ibn Urwah from his father, from Aisyah, may Allah be pleased
with her, he said: I said: O Messenger of Allah, what would you think if you
came to a valley where there is grass that has been eaten, then you find
there is grass that has not been eaten, then where will you moor your camel?
So the Prophet replied; Certainly a place that has never been eaten. Namely:
that the Prophet -sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam never married a maiden
other than her.” (HR. Bukhari)
Aisyah's question above was something that was natural, because
it came from the bottom of a heart full of love, but sometimes the husband
might view the question as a form of wife interference in his affairs,
maybe even the husband would think his wife's love has exceeded the
limit. To deal with the conditions of jealousy above, the Prophet faced it
jokingly.
Giving Reprimand
In responding to the problems that occurred in the Prophet's
household, he resolved them by rebuking his wife immediately. Like the
story of Aisyah who was jealous of Khadijah. This jealousy arose because
the prophet Muhammad always prayed for Khadijah when he
remembered her. The Prophet's prayer disturbed Aisyah because
according to her Khadijah was dead but still praised by the Prophet. This
story is like the hadith narrated by Ath-Thabrani in the book Mu'jam Al-
Kabir;
َيْسَأمُ جَيَة َِلْ َيُكْن ذََكَر َخدي إيَذا َوَسلََّم ْستيْغَفاري قَاَلْت َعائيَشُة: َكاَن َرُسوُل هللاي َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َها َواالي ْن ثَ َناٍء َعَلي ْ مي
، نِي السِي ْن َكبيْيَةي مي هللاُ َعوََّضَك َقْد قُ ْلُت: َأْن إيََل اْلَغْْيَُة َواْحَتَمَلْتِني يَ ْوٍم َذاَت َفذََكَرَها َرُسوَل هَلَا، فَ َرأَْيُت قَاَلْت:
41Al-Bukhari, Shahih Bukhari, (tt: Dar Thouq an-Najah, 1422H), Juz. 7, h. 5.
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 23
َب َغَضباا َسَقطَ ي: اللُهمَّ إينََّك إيْن أَْذَهْبَت َعِنِي َغَضَب هللاي َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم َغضي ي، فَ ُقْلُت يفي نَ ْفسي ْلدي يفي جي
ا َرَأى َرُسوُل هللاي َصلَّى هللاُ يُت، فَ َلمَّ ي َقْد َرُسولي هللاي َصلَّى هللاُ َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم َِلْ أَذُْكْرَها بيُسوٍء َما بَقي َعَلْيهي َوَسلََّم الَّذي
قَاَل: يُت، ِنِي َلقي مي َوُرزيَقْت النَّاُس، َبِني إيْذ َكذَّ قَ ْتِني َوَصدَّ النَّاُس، َ ِبي إيْذ َكَفَر ِبي آَمَنْت َلَقْد
َوهللاي ؟ قُ ْلتي »َكْيَف
» ِنِي 42اْلَوَلَد إيْذ ُحريْمتييهي مي
“From 'Aisyah r.a. said, "When the Messenger of Allah remembered Khadija,
he did not tire of worshiping and asking forgiveness for her. One day, the
Prophet Muhammad mentioned the name of Khadijah ra. until I was
jealous, then I said, "Indeed Allah has replaced for you from "that old
woman!" Then I saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) so angry that I
regretted it. I promised myself, "O Allah, if You remove the anger of Your
messenger because of my words, then I will not say bad things about Khadija
for the rest of my life. When he heard what I said the Prophet said “What
did you say earlier? I swear by Allah, Khadija really believed in me when
people were against me, justified me when people thought I was lying, gave
me offspring when other women did not give it to me." (HR. Thabrani)
Being Patient and Firm
Rasulullah was a figure who was known to be patient. He was very
patient in dealing with the jealous behavior of Sayyidah Aisyah which was
classified as outrageous. Sayyidah Aisyah was someone who could not
control her jealousy towards the other wives of the Prophet, this might be
due to the age of Sayyidah Aisyah who was still relatively young. This
incident was narrated by Imam Bukhari in his work al-Jami' al-Sahih,
ُّ قَاَل َكاَن النَّبي أََنٍس ثَ َنا اْبُن ُعَليََّة َعْن َُحَْيٍد َعْن ثَ َنا َعليىٌّ َحدَّ عليه وسلم - َحدَّ بَ ْعضي نيَسائيهي - صلى هللا عيْنَد
نينَي بيَصْحَفٍة فييَها طََعاٌم ، َهاتي اْلُمْؤمي ُّ َفَأْرَسَلْت إيْحَدى أُمَّ ِفي بَ ْيتيَها -صلى هللا عليه وسلم -َفَضَرَبتي الَِّتي النَّبي
ْحَفُة فَانْ َفَلَقْت ، َفَجَمعَ مي َفَسَقَطتي الصَّ ُّ َيَد اْْلَادي ْحَفةي ، ُُثَّ َجَعَل جَيَْمُع - صلى هللا عليه وسلم - النَّبي فيَلَق الصَّ
بيَصحْ أُتيَى َحِتَّ َم اْْلَادي َحَبَس ُُثَّ ، » ُكْم أُمُّ َغاَرْت « َويَ ُقوُل ْحَفةي الصَّ ِفي ى َكاَن الَّذي الطََّعاَم عيْندي فييَها ْن مي َفٍة
َفَدفَ ، بَ ْيتيَها ِفي ُهَو الَِّتي الَِّتي بَ ْيتي ِفي اْلَمْكُسورََة َوأَْمَسَك ، َصْحَفتُ َها َرْت الَِّتي ُكسي إيََل يَحَة حي الصَّ ْحَفَة الصَّ َع
43َكَسَرتْ
42 Al-thabrani, al-Mu’jam al-Kabir, (Kairo:Maktabah Ibn Timiyah, 1994), juz 23,
h. 13.
43 Al-Bukhari, Shahih Al-Bukhari, (Riyadh: Dar el-Salam, 1419 H), juz 13, h. 197
24 | AJIS : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022
Has told us Ali has told us Ibnu Ulayyah from Humaid from Anas he said;
Once the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam was at his wife's place. Then
one of the Ummahatul Mukminin sent a dish filled with food. So the
Prophet's wife who was at his house at that time dropped a plate containing
food, so he immediately collected the food that was scattered into the plate,
then he said: "Your mother seems to be burning with jealousy." Then he
restrained the khadim (helper) until a plate was brought from the wife's
house which he used to live in. Then he handed a good plate to the wife
whose plate was broken, and left the broken plate at the wife's house who
broke it. (HR. Bukhari)
Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar said, the words of the Prophet Muhammad "Your
mother is jealous" was a form of tolerance not to criticize the perpetrators
ecause jealousy like that is the habit of women who were married, where
they could not hold back the turmoil of their heart.44
In this hadith, it is seen that the Prophet SAW did not immediately
punish Aisyah for breaking the plate nor did she say words that could hurt
her heart. This is a form of patience of the Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Besides that, the Prophet was also firm regarding Aisyah's actions
that had broken the plate and ordered her to replace the plate that had
been broken.
Method of Separating Wife
One of the methods used by Rasulullah SAW in dealing with
household problems, after giving advice, joking, and polite reprimands
was to separate the wife. Separating his wife in the sense of not providing
her with inner support was a severe psychological punishment. This
method the Prophet used at the time of the tahrim event which was
enshrined by Allah in the Qur'an surah At-Tahrim verses 1-5. The story of
tahrim is the most important story that shows the wisdom of the Prophet
in dealing with household problems. Prophet Muhammad took strict
measures so that wives would not overdo it with other wives just out of
jealousy. In the story the author has described above, the Prophet fulfilled
his commitment to affirming his wives. However, the Prophet kept his
promise to return to his wives who were willing to recommit. This is as
44 Ibnu Hajar, Fathul Bari Syarh Sahih Bukhari, (Beirut: Dar el-Ma’rifah, 1379 H),
juz 5, h. 126
Alven Putra: The Prophet's Household Problems | 25
mentioned in the story of Mariyatul Qibtiyyah and the Prophet's oath to
Hafshah above.
Conclusion
Even though the Prophet Muhammad was a messenger of Allah, he
was still an ordinary human being who faced the problems of domestic
life. With a variety of different wife characters, the Prophet Muhammad
always tried to create harmony and tranquility in the household. Even
though justice couldn't be done in the heart, but the prophet Muhammad
tried to divide the turn fairly among his wives. He even responded very
wisely to the jealousy of his wife which could still be tolerated. However,
if the action went beyond the limits, then the Prophet took a firm decision
so that it would not happen again.
There were so many problems faced by the Prophet, but he still
solved them relevantly according to the conditions and situations.
Interestingly, the Prophet Muhammad faced the contention, jealousy, and
mistakes of the wives in very diverse ways. At one time he used smiles
and jokes to respond to the jealousy of Sayyidah Aisyah, but at another
time the Prophet gave a warning, was patient and firm and even
separated his wife.
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