عدنان وابتهال و رونق Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. Improve Wear Resistance on Particles Rei Ibtihal A. Mhmood* Rawnaq *Department of Machines and Equipment **Department of Electromechanical *** -E * mail: -** E *** (Received 1 December 2013; accepted Abstact The wear behavior of alumina particulate reinforced process technique were investigated. A pin-on in composite samples at different grain size (1 µm of alumina respectively. Mechanical properties characterization which strongly depends on microstructure properties of reinforcement revealed that the presence of hardness, ultimate tensile stress (UTS), wear resistances. increases with the increase in the percentage of reinforcement of Al wear rates of the composites were considerably less than that of the aluminum alloy percentage of reinforcement when compared to the base alloy A332. Keywords: Aluminium matrix composites, wear resistance, 1. Introduction Interest in developing metal matrix composites for use in high performance applications has increased significantly [1]. Among these composites, aluminium alloy matrix composites attract much attention due to their lightness, high thermal conductivity, moderate casting temperature, etc.[2,3]. Various hard ceramic particle materials such as SiC, Al2O3, MgO and B4C are used extensively to reinforce aluminium matrices. The superior properties of these materials such as high refractive index, h hardness, high compressive strength, wear resistance, etc. makes them suitable for use as reinforcement in matrices of composites Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71(2014) on Al 332 Alloy Matrix- Micro -Nano Particles Reinforced Composite Adnan dawood Mohamed** Rawnaq Ahmed Mohamed** Machines and Equipment Engineering / University of Technology Electromechanical Engineering / University of Technology ***Minstery of Water Resorce ibtihalnami@yahoo.commail: - adnan.dawood.com@yahoo.commail: eroneq@yahoo.commail: -E *** December 2013; accepted 31 march 2014) The wear behavior of alumina particulate reinforced A332 aluminium alloy composites produced by a stir casting on-disc type apparatus was employed for determining the sliding wear rate 1 µm, 12µm, 50 nm) and different weight percentage (0.05 properties characterization which strongly depends on microstructure properties of ( nano , micro) alumina particulates lead to simultaneous increase in tensile stress (UTS), wear resistances. The results revealed that UTS, Hardness, Wear resistances increases with the increase in the percentage of reinforcement of Al2O3 when compared to the base alloy A332 wear rates of the composites were considerably less than that of the aluminum alloy at all applied loads percentage of reinforcement when compared to the base alloy A332. Aluminium matrix composites, wear resistance, Micro -Nano Al2O3 particles. Interest in developing metal matrix composites ons has ]. Among these alloy matrix composites much attention due to their lightness, high conductivity, moderate casting Various hard ceramic , MgO and aluminium matrices. The superior properties of these materials such as high refractive index, high hardness, high compressive strength, wear resistance, etc. makes them suitable for use as reinforcement in matrices of composites [4,5] Normally, micro-ceramic particles are used to improve the hardness and ultimate strength metal. However, the ductility of the deteriorates with high ceramic particle concentration [6]. It is of interest to use nano sized ceramic particles to strengthen the matrix, while maintaining good ductility, high temperature creep resistance and [7,8]. A variety of methods for producing nano ALMCs have recently become available including mechanical alloying [9] ball milling sintering [11], etc. Compared with other methods, melt processing which involves the stirring of ceramic particles into melts, has some important advantages such as better matrix-particle easier control of matrix structure, simplicity, low Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal Nano Al2O3 Mohamed** alloy composites produced by a stir casting disc type apparatus was employed for determining the sliding wear rate (0.05-0.1-0.5-1) wt% properties characterization which strongly depends on microstructure properties of alumina particulates lead to simultaneous increase in The results revealed that UTS, Hardness, Wear resistances when compared to the base alloy A332. The at all applied loads with increasing ceramic particles are used to improve the hardness and ultimate strength of the ductility of the ALMCs deteriorates with high ceramic particle ]. It is of interest to use nano- sized ceramic particles to strengthen the metal matrix, while maintaining good ductility, high temperature creep resistance and better fatigue A variety of methods for producing nano- become available including ball milling [10], nano- etc. Compared with other methods, melt processing which involves the stirring of particles into melts, has some important particle bonding, control of matrix structure, simplicity, low mailto:ibtihalnami@yahoo.com mailto:adnan.dawood.com@yahoo.com mailto:eroneq@yahoo.com Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) 63 cost of processing and nearer net shape. Wear is a common occurrence on most plant and machinery and is often a slow and progressive process, which may be accepted, as normal. However, if the rate of wear on particular machine component is high, so that it requires frequent repair and replacement, then it may constitute a wear problem. Therefore, deciding whether a wear problem exists and requires attention calls for a degree of judgment of the circumstance. Several researchers have worked on sliding wear mechanism of ALMCs reinforced with ceramic particulates like SiCp, Al2O3 and garnet particles etc, and have observed improvement in wear resistance [12,13]. A dry sliding wear test under the load 5-30 N, was conducted on aluminum composite. Composites were prepared using stir casting method and reinforced with Al2O3 particles by [14].They concluded that wear rate of composite and unreinforced alloy decreased with increasing load. Wear rate decreased with increase in volume fraction and particle size 125 µm. The wear surface appearance showed plastic deformation at matrix alloy when the composites wear was caused by abrasions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the nano micro alumina particles on wear behaviour of A332 alloy and develop a fundamental understanding of the wear mechanisms and wear induced micro structural changes of alumina particle reinforced A332 alloy composite during dry sliding at different load and sliding distances. 2. Experimental Procedure 2.1. Preparation of the Composites A332 aluminium alloy and particulate alumina powder with size of (12 μm, 1 μm,50 nm) respectively, were used as the matrix and reinforcement phases the chemical composition for alloy fabricated chemical composition of the A332 alloy fabricated is listed in Table. 1. Composite specimens were manufactured by stir casting methods using mechanical mixing of the molten alloy. Micro and nano-particles were heated at 1000 ◦C for 20 min and injected into the melt by using a stainless steel injection tube and inert argon gas in a graphite crucible inserted in a resistance heating furnace. The wet fraction of alumina powder injected into the composites were chosen (0.05-0.1-0.5-1) wt% micro-alumina and (0.05-0.1-0.5-1) wt% respectively nano -alumina. The stirring was continued for 15 min to produce homogenous mixture. . The speed of impeller was 400 rpm .Stirring process was started 10 min before addition of reinforcement particles in the melt and continued 15 min after that. Then, the stirrer was turned off and finally composite slurry was poured in a preheated cylindrical steel mould .The pouring temperature for the processes was 700 °C. The Design of experimental rig is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Design of experimental rig. Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. Table1, Chemical composition (wt %) of the A332. alloys Si% Cu% Fe% Nominal Chemical composition 8.5- 10.5 2-4 1.2 A332 9.62 3.2 1.1 2.2. Measurements and Testing The density of the samples was measured by the Archimedes’s method, while the theoretical densities calculated by taking the densities of A332 aluminium alloy and Al2O3 particles were equal to 2.7 and 3.9 g/cm3, respectively. The porosity percentage in the materials was calculated according to the difference between the theoretical and measured density. To investigate the mechanical properties of the composites The Brinell hardness values of the samples were measured on the polished samples using a ball with 5 mm diameter at a load of 250K tensile tests were carried out using Instron machine according to ASTM.B 557, respectively. The cross head speed was set at 3 mm/min on the round specimens. Each test was repeated two times to obtain a precise average value for each property. A pin-on-disc test apparatus was used to investigate the dry sliding wear characteristics of Al- MMC as per ASTM G99-95 standards. The wear specimens (2×1) cm were machined, cylindrical in shape shown in Fig.2. The initial weight of the specimen was measured in a single pan electronic weighing machine with a least count of 0.0001 g. During the test the pin was pressed against the counterpart rotating against EN-32 steel disc by applying the load [5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 N]. A strain–gauged friction detecting arm holds and loads the pin specimen vertically into a rotating hardened steel disc. After running through a time [5, 10, 15, 20, 25 min] period, the specimen were removed, cleaned with acetone, dried and weighed to determine the weight loss due to wear. The difference in the weight measured before and after the test gives the wear of the specimen. The wear rates were determined using the volumetric loss method. A schematic diagram for the pin-on-desk wear testing machine is shown in Fig. 3. Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 64 Fe% Mg% Zn% Mn% Cr% Ni% Pb% 1.2 0.5-1.5 1 0.5 0.03 0.025 0.02 1.1 1.2 1 0.1 0.022 0.016 0,012 The density of the samples was measured by the Archimedes’s method, while the theoretical densities calculated by taking the densities of particles were equal to 2.7 and 3.9 g/cm3, respectively. The porosity percentage in the materials was calculated according to the difference between the investigate the mechanical properties of the composites The Brinell hardness values of the samples were measured on the polished samples using a ball Kgf. The tensile tests were carried out using Instron testing machine according to ASTM.B 557, respectively. The cross head speed was set at 3 mm/min on the round specimens. Each test was repeated two times to obtain a precise average value for each disc test apparatus was used to ate the dry sliding wear characteristics of 95 standards. The machined, . The initial specimen was measured in a single th a least count of 0.0001 g. During the test the pin was pressed against the counterpart rotating against 32 steel disc by applying the load [5, 10, 15, gauged friction- detecting arm holds and loads the pin specimen steel disc. After running through a time [5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and30 min] period, the specimen were removed, cleaned with acetone, dried and weighed to determine the weight loss due to wear. The difference in the sured before and after the test gives the wear of the specimen. The wear rates were determined using the volumetric loss method. A desk wear Fig. 2. Wear sample Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of pin testing machine. Wear rates were calculated by the weight loss measurement. The formulae used to convert the weight loss to wear rate [16]: Wr = ΔW / S …( Where, Wr: wear rate in (g/cm). Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) Ti% Al% 0.03 Bal 0.036 Bal Wear sample. diagram of pin-on-disc wear Wear rates were calculated by the weight loss measurement. The formulae used to convert the = ΔW / S …(1) Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. ΔW: weight difference of the sample before and after each test in (gm) (ΔW=W1 - W2). Volumetric wear rate can be calculated as [16]: WV = Wr / ρm Where, WV: volumetric wear rate (cm 3 /cm). ρm: density of pin (g/ cm 3). Pin-on-disc apparatus has a regulator of speed used to control or change the disc rotational speed, and a tachometer device to evaluate this speed practically. Six rotational speeds were used, [50,100,150,200 , 250 and 300 r.p.m], that means six linear velocities of [0.392, 0.785, 1.178, 1.570 1.963 and 2.355 m/sec] were calculated respectively using the formula: V= 2π × r × n Where: V: linear sliding speed (m/min). r: distance from the center of sample to the center of disc (0.075 m). n: disc rotational speed in r.p.m. Total sliding distance was calculated as follows [16] S= V × t × 100 Where: S: total sliding distance (cm). t: sliding time of running in minute . V: linear sliding speed (m/min). Fig . 4. Tensile test sample. 3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Tensile Strength The strength has prime importance engineering design such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and modu elasticity. The most of these properties determined by using ASTM standardized method.Table. 2 shows mechanical properties of alloy 332 produced by casting. Tensile strenght Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 65 ΔW: weight difference of the sample before and Volumetric wear rate can be calculated as [16]: …(2) disc apparatus has a regulator of speed used to control or change the disc rotational speed, and a tachometer device to evaluate this speed practically. Six rotational speeds were used, 00 r.p.m], that means of [0.392, 0.785, 1.178, 1.570, ec] were calculated ...(3) r: distance from the center of sample to the center Total sliding distance was calculated as follows ...(4) portance in strength, odulus of properties are standardized testing Table. 2 shows mechanical properties of alloy 332 produced by casting. Tensile strenght and elongation are recorded. After preparation A332 we compare it with nominal mechanical properties standard from [17]. Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 respectively display the tensile curves, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the Composites, respectively. It could be noted that the flow curves do not show any sharp yield point irrespective of the material, and the strength values increase with the addition of micro Al2O3 particles. It is believed that the great enhancement in tensile stress observed in these composites is due to good distribution of the nano- Al2O3 particles and low degree of porosity, which leads to effective transfer of applied tensile load to the uniformly distributed strong Al particulates. The grain reinforcement and strong multidirectional thermal stress at the Al/ Al interface are also important factors which play a significant role in the high strength of the composites. Al2O3 particles have grain strengthening effect, which is improved with increasing weight percentage since they ac heterogeneous nucleation catalyst for aluminium [9−15].from the above the additives nanometer best composite in tensile strength is A332+1wt% Al2O3 3.2. Density and Hardness The density of A332 and their composite were computed by mass- volume relation and plotted against wt % of alumina. As shown in Fig. 9. the variation in density decreases with an increase in weight percentage of alumina in the composite.Also, according to the measured and theoretical densities of composite samples, it is revealed that the amount of porosity in the composite samples increases with increasing weight percentage of Al2O3 decreasing the size of particles. Fig.10 shows the results of micro hardness tests conducted on A332 alloy Composite containing different weight percentage of Al2 significant increase in hardness of the alloy matrix can be seen with addition of Al Higher value of hardness is clear indi fact that the presences of particulates in the matrix have improved the overall hardness of the composites. This is true due to the fact that aluminium is a soft material and the reinforced particle especially ceramics material being hard, contributes positively to the hardness of the composites. The presence of stiffer and harder Al2O3reinforcement leads to the increase in constraint to plastic deformation of the matrix Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) After preparation A332 we compare it with nominal mechanical Figures 5, 6, 7, and display the tensile curves, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the , respectively. It could be noted that curves do not show any sharp yield point irrespective of the material, and the strength s increase with the addition of nano and particles. It is believed that the great enhancement in tensile stress observed in these is due to good distribution of the particles and low degree of porosity, which leads to effective transfer of applied tensile load to the uniformly distributed strong Al2O3 particulates. The grain reinforcement and strong al stress at the Al/ Al2O3 interface are also important factors which play a significant role in the high strength of the particles have grain-refined strengthening effect, which is improved with increasing weight percentage since they act as the heterogeneous nucleation catalyst for aluminium −15].from the above the additives additive 50 nanometer best composite in tensile strength is The density of A332 and their composite were volume relation and plotted against wt % of alumina. As shown in Fig. 9. the variation in density decreases with an increase in weight percentage of alumina in the the measured and theoretical densities of composite samples, it is revealed that the amount of porosity in the composite samples increases with increasing particles and f micro hardness tests conducted on A332 alloy Composite containing 2O3 particles.. A significant increase in hardness of the alloy matrix can be seen with addition of Al2O3 particles. Higher value of hardness is clear indication of the fact that the presences of particulates in the matrix have improved the overall hardness of the composites. This is true due to the fact that aluminium is a soft material and the reinforced particle especially ceramics material being hard, ntributes positively to the hardness of the composites. The presence of stiffer and harder reinforcement leads to the increase in constraint to plastic deformation of the matrix Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. during the hardness test. Thus increase of hardness of composites could be attributed to the relatively high hardness of Al2O3 itself. As shown in Fig. 10. The best composite in hardness is A332+1wt% Al2O3 (50nano alumina). The percentage value of increasing hardness is 50% between 0.05 wt% to 1wt% (nano alumina), 37% between 0.05wt% to 1wt% (1 micron) and 25% between 0.05 wt % to 1 wt % (12 micron) as the same result with Davious found hardness of the composites is increased with increase wt% of reinforcement [18]. 3.3. Effect of Time, Load and Sliding Spee on Wear Characteristics As shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13 the variation of wear rate (volumetric loss/min) with varying time, load and sliding speed for A332 aluminum alloy. The wear increases when the time is increasing but after 15 min the increasing of wear slowly so we choose time 15 min when load and sliding speed are constant. The wear increase when increasing load but after 15 N the increasing of wear slowly so we choose load 15 N when time and sliding speed are constant. The wear increase when increasing sliding speed but after 150 r.p.m the increasing of wear slowly so we choose speed 150 r,p.m when time and load are constant. 3.4. Effect of Reinforcement and Particle Size on Wear Rate Dry sliding wear behavior of matrix alloy reinforced (0.05-0.1-0.5-1) wt% at different alumina particle size (50 nm, 1 μm, 12 respectively as shown in Fig. 14 reasonable increase in wear resistance. It is observed that addition of different (0.05-0.1-0.5-1) wt% nano Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 66 during the hardness test. Thus increase of e attributed to the itself. As shown The best composite in hardness is (50nano alumina). The percentage value of increasing hardness is 50% alumina), 37% micron) and 25% % to 1 wt % (12 micron) as the hardness of the composites is increased with increase wt% of Effect of Time, Load and Sliding Speed As shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13 the variation of wear rate (volumetric loss/min) with varying time, load and sliding speed for A332 aluminum alloy. The wear increases when the time is increasing ar slowly so we choose time 15 min when load and sliding speed are constant. The wear increase when increasing load but after 15 N the increasing of wear slowly so we choose load 15 N when time and sliding speed are constant. The wear increase ing sliding speed but after 150 r.p.m the increasing of wear slowly so we choose speed 150 r,p.m when time and load are constant. and Particle Dry sliding wear behavior of matrix alloy 1) wt% at different , 12 μm) as shown in Fig. 14 reasonable increase in wear resistance. It is observed that 1) wt% nano- micro alumina particle size shows lesser wear rate than the base alloy. And shown the highest wear rate is distinct for matrix alloy and linearly the wear rate decreased by increasing the percentage of reinforcements. The maximum wear resistance of the composites is considerably imp the addition of 1 % nano alumina particle. Fig. 5. Stress-strain diagram of A332 fabricated. 4. Conclusion 1. It was revealed that the hardness of composite samples increased with increasing the weight percentage of Al2O3 particles. 2. Strength of prepared composites both tensile and yield was higher in case of composites, while ductility of composites was less when compared to as cast 332 Al. Further, with increasing wt% of Al2O3, the tensile strength shows an increasing trend. 3. The maximum wear resistance at 1% nano alumina. Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) shows lesser wear rate than the base alloy. And shown the highest wear rate is distinct for matrix alloy and linearly the wear rate decreased by increasing the percentage of reinforcements. The maximum wear resistance of the composites is considerably improved due to the addition of 1 % nano alumina particle. strain diagram of A332 fabricated. It was revealed that the hardness of composite samples increased with increasing the weight Strength of prepared composites both tensile and yield was higher in case of composites, while ductility of composites was less when compared to as cast 332 Al. Further, with , the tensile strength imum wear resistance at 1% nano Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) 67 Fig . 6. Tensile strength and elongation for12 micron. Fig . 7. Tensile strength and elongation for1 µm grain size. Fig. 8. Tensile strength and elongation for nano composite. ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ ٢ ٢.٥ ٣ ٣.٥ ٢٤٨ ٢٥٠ ٢٥٢ ٢٥٤ ٢٥٦ ٢٥٨ ٢٦٠ ٢٦٢ ٢٦٤ ٢٦٦ ٢٦٨ ٢٧٠ ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ El on ga ti on % T en si le S tr en gt h T(M P a) Alumina reinforced wt% Tensile Strength Elongation% ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ ٢ ٢.٥ ٣ ٣.٥ ٤ ٤.٥ ٢٤٥ ٢٥٠ ٢٥٥ ٢٦٠ ٢٦٥ ٢٧٠ ٢٧٥ ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ El on ga ti on % T en si le S tr en gt h T(M P a) Alumina reinforced wt% Tensile Strength Elongation% ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ ٢ ٢.٥ ٣ ٣.٥ ٤ ٤.٥ ٥ ٢٤٥ ٢٥٠ ٢٥٥ ٢٦٠ ٢٦٥ ٢٧٠ ٢٧٥ ٢٨٠ ٢٨٥ ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ El on ga ti on % T en si le S tr en gt h T(MP a) Alumina reinforced wt% Tensile Strength Elongation% Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) 68 Fig . 9 . Density for composite. Fig . 10. Hardness for composite. Fig. 11. Effect of time on wear rateA332. ٢.٥٨ ٢.٦ ٢.٦٢ ٢.٦٤ ٢.٦٦ ٢.٦٨ ٢.٧ ٢.٧٢ ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ D en si ty (g /c m ^3 ) Alumina reinforced wt% ١٢micron ١micron nano ٠ ٢٠ ٤٠ ٦٠ ٨٠ ١٠٠ ١٢٠ ١٤٠ ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ H ar dn es s (K gf /m m ^2 ) Alumina reinforced wt% ١٢micron ١micron nano ٠ ٢ ٤ ٦ ٨ ١٠ ١٢ ٠ ٥ ١٠ ١٥ ٢٠ ٢٥ ٣٠ ٣٥W ea r vo lu m *1 0^ -8 (c m ^3 /c m ) Time(min) Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) 69 Fig. 12. Effect of load on wear rateA332. Fig. 13. Effect of sliding speed on wear rateA332. Fig. 14. wear rate for composite. ٠ ٠.٠٠١ ٠.٠٠٢ ٠.٠٠٣ ٠.٠٠٤ ٠.٠٠٥ ٠.٠٠٦ ٠.٠٠٧ ٠.٠٠٨ ٠.٠٠٩ ٠.٠١ ٠ ١٠ ٢٠ ٣٠ ٤٠ W ea r vo lu m (c m ^3 /c m ) Load (N) ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ ٢ ٢.٥ ٣ ٠ ٥٠ ١٠٠ ١٥٠ ٢٠٠ ٢٥٠ ٣٠٠ ٣٥٠W ea r vo lu m *1 0^ -7 (c m ^3 /c m ) Sliding Speed r.p.m ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ ٢ ٢.٥ ٣ ٣.٥ ٠ ٠.٥ ١ ١.٥ W ea r ra te (c m ^/ cm )* 10 ^- 8 Alumina reinforced wt% ١٢micron ١micron nano Ibtihal A. Mhmood Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, P.P. 62- 71 (2014) 70 Table 2, Properties of standard and fabricated A332 [17]. Property Material Tensile strength(Mpa) T Yield strength(Mpa) Y (0.2%) Elongation % Nominal A 332 248 193 1 Fabricated A332 250 195 1.5 5. Refrences [1] Hatch G.E., Aluminum, in: Properties and Physical Metallurgy, ASM International,Metals Park, OH, 1984:pp 30- 35. [2] Hull D., An Introduction to Composite Material, second ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1981:pp 196-252. [3] Smith W.F., Principles of Materials and Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996. [4] Hassan S.B., Aponbiede O. and Aigbodion V.S., Effect of particle size, forging and ageing on the mechanical fatigue characteristics of Al2O3/SiCp metal matrix composites, J. Alloys Compd., 2008;466: pp268-272. [5] Zhang S., Zhao Y., Chen G. and Cheng X., (Al2O3 + Al3Zr)/A356 nanocomposites fabricated by magnetochemistry in situreaction, J. Alloys Compd., 2009; 475:pp261-267. 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A Study of Wear Behaviour of Matrix Metal Composites Wear 113 1970:pp. 234 – 239. )2014( 62- 71 صفحة ،1العدد ،10دالمجل الھندسیة الخوارزمي مجلةابتھال عبد الرزاق محمود 71 دقائق سیرامیكیة ونانویة من االلومیناب المقواة A332تحسین مقاومة البلیان لسبیكة االلمنیوم ***رونق احمد محمد ** عدنان داود محمد *ابتھال عبد الرزاق محمود الجامعة التكنولوجیة/ المكائن والمعدات قسم ھندسة * الجامعة التكنولوجیة/ قسم الھندسة الكھرومیكانیكیة ** وزارة الموارد المائیة*** ibtihalnami@yahoo.com:البرید االلكتروني* adnan.dawood.com@yahoo.com:البرید االلكتروني** eroneq@yahoo.com:البرید االلكتروني*** الخالصة و بنسب وزنیة ) نانومتر ٥٠ ،مایكرون ١ ،مایكرون ١٢(مدعمة بدقائق سیرامیكیة من االلومینا وباحجام مختلفة A332 ان سلوك البلیان لسبیكة المنیوم ان خصائص المواصفات المیكانیكیة تعتمد على توزیع .احتسبت وباستعمال جھاز فحص العینات وباستخدام تقنیة السباكة ) % ١ ،٠,٥ ،٠,١ ، ٠,٠٥(مختلفة .یان تزداد بزیادة نسبة االلومیناوالمایكرویة ، فھذا التوزیع ادى الى تحسن الصالدة وواجھاد الشد االعلى ومقاومة البلیان حیث ان مقاومة البلالدقائق النانویة .لیةان معدل البلیان للمتراكبات یعتبر اقل من سبائك االلمنیوم تحت تاثیر نفس الحمل مع زیادة نسبة االلومینا مقارنة بالسبیكة االص mailto:ibtihalnami@yahoo.com mailto:adnan.dawood.com@yahoo.com mailto:eroneq@yahoo.com