Al-Khwarizmi 

Engineering   

Journal 
Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal,Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89 (2016) 

 

 

Numerical Simulation of the Collector Angle Effect on the 

Performance of the Solar Chimney Power Plant 
 

Arkan k. Al-Taaie*        Waheeds S. Mohammad**    Abbas J. Jubear*** 
*,**Department of Mechanical Engineering/ University of Technology 

***Department of Mechanical Engineering /University of Wassit 

***Email: Abbas kut72@yahoo.com.au 

 
(Received 5 January 2014; accepted  12 January 2016) 

 

 

Abstract 

 
Sloped solar chimney system is a solar chimney power plant with a sloped collector. Practically, the sloped collector 

can function as a chimney, then the chimney height can be reduced and the construction cost would be reduced.The 

continuity, Naver-stockes, energy and radiation transfer equations have been solved and carried out by Fluent software. 

The governing equations are solved for incompressible, 3-D, steady, turbulent standard k  model with Boussiuesq 
approximation  to develop for the sloped solar chimney system in this study and evaluate the performance of solar 

chimney power plant  in Baghdad city of Iraq numerically by Fluent (14) software with orking conditions such as solar 

radiation intensity (300,450,600,750 and 900 W/m
2
), and collector which angle (0°, 15° and 30°).The results show that 

the change of collector angle has considerable effects on the performance of the system.The velocity increases when the 

collector angle increases and reach to the maximize  value at a collector angle (30°). The temperature increase with the 
collector tile angle increase at solar intensity times (7:30,8:15,9,10 AM) but decrease at 12:30 PM) corresponding to 
solar intensitIes. The study show that Iraqi wather are suitable for this system. 

 

Keywords: solar chimney; solar energy; collector; natural convection. 

 
 

1. Introduction 
      

The solar chimney is a power plant that uses, 

solar radiation to raise the temperature of the air 
and, the buoyancy of warm air to accelerate the air 

stream flowing through the system. The main 

features of the solar chimney are sketched in 

Fig.1. Air is heated as a result of the greenhouse 
effect under a transparent roof (the collector). 

Because the roof is open around its periphery, the 

buoyancy of the heated air draws a continuous 
flow from the roof perimeter into the chimney. A 

turbine is set in the path of the air current to 

convert the kinetic energy of the flowing air into 

electricity.  
 

 

 
 

 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

Fig. 1. Schematic layout of the conventional solar 

chimney power plant. [1] 

 

    
 

 

mailto:kut72@yahoo.com.au


 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 80  

 

 

In 1981 a solar chimney prototype of 50 kW 
and chimney height nominally at 200 m was built 

in Manzanares, Spain. The plant operated from 

1982 to 1989, and was connected to the local 
power network between 1986 and 1989 [2]. This 

project  menstruated the viability and reliability of 

the solar chimney concept Since then, numerous 

investigations have been conducted to predict the 
flow in solar chimneys. Generally, it was found 

that the electricity yielded by a solar chimney is in 

proportion with the intensity of global solar 
radiation, collector area and chimney height. 

Based on a mathematical model, Schlaich [2] 

reported that optimal dimensions for a solar 

chimney do not exist. However, if construction 
costs are taken into account,thermo economically 

optimal plant  configurations may be established 

for individual sites. Pretorius and Kr ِ ger [3] 
showed numerically that the power generation is a 

function of the collector roof shape and inlet 

height. Ref. [4] Showed analytically that the plant 
performance depends on the plant size. To 

overcome the disadvantage of low efficiency, only 

large-scale plants, in which the chimney heights 

are 1000 m or more, were proposed in the 
literature (e.g. [5,6]). As a result, the installation 

cost of such a plant is very high. Cost analysis for 

commercial-scaled solar chimney power plants 
can be found in Refs. [7-10]. To overcome the 

high investment cost, researchers have proposed 

some novel and non-conventional concepts. The 
concept of constructing a solar collector 

surrounding a hollow space excavated in a 

mountain was introduced in Ref. [11]. The hollow 

space can be used as a chimney of the system. It 
was shown that the cost for constructing a 

chimney structure can be reduced and the 

technology would be suitable for mountainous 
countries. In addition, Papageorgiou proposed the 

concept of a floating solar chimney technology 

[12].Ref. [13] proposed a solar chimney system 

for power production at high latitudes, where 
sloped lands are readily available and sunshine is 

at acceptable levels. The authors suggested 

building a solar chimney collector system on a 
sloped surface or suitable hill. 

        A mathematical model and the performance 

of the solar chimney system with a sloped 
collector are presented in this paper. This kind of 

system is hereinafter called the (sloped solar 

chimney power plant) SSCPP. The analytical 

models for flows in SSCPP had been proposed in 
Refs. [13,14,15].While they were useful in their 

own rights, but the range of application was 

limited due to the neglect of dynamic pressure 

[13] and the exclusion of flow details within the 
collector ([13,14,15]). 

        In the present study, a mathematical model 

that includes the dynamic pressure and the flow 
details within the collector is developed. As there 

is no experimental result of SSCPP published,the 

proposed model is validated by comparing its 

results with the predictions of the commercial 
CFD package. Comparisons of the present results 

with those obtained by other models are also 

performed. 
 

 

2. Numurical Implementations 
  

Advanced solver technology provides fast, 

accurate CFD results, flexible moving and 

deforming meshes, and superior parallel 
scalability. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 

procedures solve all the interacting governing 

equations in a coupled manner, albeit in a finite 
framework. With a careful use of CFD, its results 

could be used to validate those of the theoretical 

models, at least qualitatively. 
 

 

2.1. Modelling in GAMBIT 

 
For the simulation part, the model is designed 

by using GAMBIT 2.4.6 for those four 
configurations. This software is provided by the 

advanced geometry and meshing tools. The 

functions of GAMBIT are design the three 
dimensional (3-D) model of three configurations, 

setup the boundary condition for each edge and 

faces of each configuration and provide the 

meshing analysis for each configuration. 
       The solar chimney power plant  was modeled 

with the following dimensions: Circular absorber 

ground with a diameter of  6 m , inclined collector 
angle (θ = 0°,15°and 30°), chimney height 

6m,chimney diameter 0.3m and the gap between 

the absorber  and the transparent cover (glass) is 
0.1m as shown in Fig.2. 

 

 
 

 

 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 81  

 

 

 
 

Fig. 2. Physical prototype. 

 

 

The numerical examination of the flow 

behavior of air under the steady state condition 
was studied at both the inlet and the chimney base 

where the turbine is expected to be staged. The 

fluid flow calculation was simulated using 
FLUENT software. The buoyancy driven flow in 

the system was assumed to be turbulent based on 

previous studies. Set up the boundary condition is 
to define the situation occur at the surface 

condition in term of friction. Meanwhile, defining 

the meshing is vital in order to discrete each part 

to certain section for more accuracy FLUENT’s 
analysis. It is important to define, model, 

meshing, and boundary conditions before running 

into FLUENT. 
     Proper boundary conditions are needed for a 

successful computational work. After it has been 
to create a geometry where we have one volume 
where is defined the specify boundary types of 

solar collector, solar chimney and the base such as 

the WALL , while the entry and exit zone type is 

Inlet and Outlet-Pressure. Now The assembly is 
meshed using tetrahedral elements of T-grid 

scheme type [16] .Gambit scheme with spacing 

interval size (0.0275) is chosen as shown in Fig. 
3, the Gambit grid generator with approximately 2 

million computational cells for different cases. 

No-slip condition for velocity and temperature on 

the walls was used. 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 
     

 

        

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

Fig. 3. Computational grid. 

 
 

2.2. Simulation with FLUENT 

 
FLUENT solves the governing integral 

equations for the conservation of mass, 

momentum, energy, and other scalers, such as 

turbulence.There are two processors used to solve 
the flow and heat transfer equations. The first 

preprocessor is the program structure which 

creates the geometry and grid by using GAMBIT. 
The second post processor is solving Naver-

Stokes equations continuity, momentum and 

energy. 

The set of conservation equations used by CFD 
are: 

Mass conversiotion  equation  
                                 
 

Momentum equation 
 

 

 

 
k-ε model equations 
 

 

 

 

D 

d 

H
 

L
 

θ 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 82  

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 
      

The viscous medium is also taken.The analysis 

is carried out using turbulent flow and then the 

standard k-epsilon and standard wall functions 
near wall functions  [17]. The Discrete Ordinates 

(DO) was selected under the solar load model 

enables radiation heat transfer. Define the the Sun 
Direction Vector, by enter the values for the X, Y, 

and Z components. 

In the current study different direct solar 

irradiation (300 ,450 ,600 ,750 ,900 W/m
2
) data 

were obtained from Ministry of Transportation-

Iraqi Meteorological Organization and 

Seismology of  Baghdad  city of 8-8-2008 in the 
following times (7:30 , 8:15 , 9 ,10 A.M. and 

12:30 P.M.) and the sun direction vector is 

obtained from [18]. 
Boundary conditions specify the flow and 

thermal variables on the boundaries of the 

physical model. They are, therefore, a critical 

component of the FLUENT simulations and it is 
important that they are specified appropriately. 

The boundary conditions applied in this work is 

shown in Table (1) [19].   
 
Table 1, 

 Boundary conditions in detail. 
 

Boundary Type Boundary 

 condition 

Inlet Pressure- 

inlet 

∆P=0 ; T= Tambient; 

Exit Pressure-
out let 

∆P=0; T = Tambient –
0.0065* chimney 

height 

Ground 

(asphalt) 

Wall Thermal condition: 

Mixed 

h=8 W/m
2
K;T=Tambint  

Chimney 

Wall 

Wall Constant heat flux: 

q=0 

Glass(semi-

transparent) 

Wall Thermal condition: 

Radiation(Thicness=0.

004mm 

 

3. Simulation Results  
 

In order to validate the results of the numerical 
part of the present work, a comparison with the 

numerical study of [20] was carried out. It can be 

seen from Figs. (4) and (5) that at the same 
dimensions of solar chimney power plant a good 

agreement with the numerical results is achieved 

of absorbing ground temperature and exit velocity 

when using asphalt aggregates as an absorption 
background, at radiation intensities of 

(310,415,505 W/m
2
). 

 

 
 

Fig. 4. Comparison of the variation in absorbing 

ground temperature with solar insolation , with an 

numerical study [20]. 

 

 
 

Fig. 5. Comparison of the  variation in exit air 

velocity with solar insolation, with an numerical 

study[20]. 

 

 

3.1. Variation of the Solar Intensity and 

Sunlight Direction 
 

The results of the temperature distribution and 

velocity vectors of solar insolation 

(300,450,600,750 and 900 W/m
2
) at times of 

Numerical results [20] 
Present work 

Numerical results [20] 
Present work 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 83  

 

 

(7:15,8:15,9,10 AM and 12:30 PM) with D=6m 
,H= 6m and collector angle (0

°
, 15°and 30

°
) 

regarding the solar chimney passage are  

presented in Figs. (6 to 23). The increase in air 
velocity is very small up to about half the radius 

of the collector. The very steep increase is 

obtained in the inner half of the collector. This 

trend is noticed in all solar intensities and sunlight 
direction as shown in Figs. (7), (10), (13), (16) 

,(19) and (22). The reason is due to the combined 

effect of flow area reduction and the amount of 
the heat transfer from the ground to the working 

fluid, which increases the kinetic energy of the 

flow particles. generally to compare the velocities 

of the air at the  solar collector passage for 
different solar intensity times (7:30,8:15,9,10 AM 

and 12:30 PM), it could be seen that the 

maximum velocity occurs in the (900W/m
2
 ) solar 

radiation intensity at (12:30 PM) and the 

minimum velocity in the morning with (300W/m
2
) 

solar intensity at (7:15AM). The numerical 
solution has shown that the velocity in the center 

of the chimney is higher than near the wall. 

The ground temperature also increases near the 

collector inlet but show a small decrease near the 
collector outlet. This is attributed to higher heat 

transfer coefficients present near the collector 

counter as shown in 
Figs.(6),(9),(12),(15),(18),and(21). 

The development of flow in the chimney can 

be seen through the  enlargement regions shown 
in Figs. (8), (11), (14), (17) ,(20),and (23). The 

flow in the chimney is similar to close conduits 

viscous forces cause a flow velocity profile to 

form such that the fluid flows slower close to the 
walls and a change in the flow type cases a 

change  in the velocity profiled.The flow in the 

lower and middle regions is developing non 
uniform flow, but in the top region is uniform 

fully developed flow (turbulent flow). 

The heat transfer model is used to compare the 

performance of a conventional solar chimney 
power plant with three collector orientations at (0

°
 

, 15°and 30
°
 ). Results indicate that the larger 

collector angle leads to improve performance of 
the solar chimney in the morning and give rise to 

the strong influence of the sunlight direction of 

the velocity and temperature fields. 
 

 

3.2. Maximum Temperature Difference 

 
The buoyancy driving force takes effect due to 

the gravity force, so the larger the collector tilt, 

the stronger the influence of buoyancy effect will 

be. Fig. (24)  presents the temperature difference 

for collectors of different tilt angles. The 
temperature difference increases at the tilt angle 

increase when the solar intensity is (300,450,600, 

and 750 W/m
2
)

 
but it decreases at (900W/m

2
) due 

to the sunlight direction as it is approximately 

perpendicular. The slope angle is the angle 

between the collector and horizontal axis. The 

absorber used in the collector can get the most 
efficient energy when it is mounted as the 

collector axis which is exactly perpendicular to 

the sun rays. The angle of sun rays changes 
related to hour and seasonal time, so do the angles 

and the slops. 
 

 

3.3. Maximum Velocity 
 

It can be observed from the results shown in 

Fig. (25) that the solar intensity increased as a 
result of time. The maximum velocity of the 

chimney increased too, as collector angle 

increases due to changes in the incident angle of 
the solar radiation and the maximum velocity 

occur when the collector angle was 30
°
. 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 
 

 

Fig. 6. Contours of  temperature distribution for 

solar chimney with solar insolation (300 W/m
2
) 

for D=6m, H=6m, θ=0°. 

Fig. 7. Contours of  velocity distribution  for  the 

solar chimney with solar insolation (300 W/m
2
) 

for D=6m, H=6m θ=0°. 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 84  

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Fig. 8. Flow felid of air in solar chimney with solar  

insolation (300 W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ=0°.  

Fig. 9. Contours of  temperature distribution    for 

solar chimney with solar insolation (900 W/m
2
) for 

D=6m, H=6m, θ=0°. 

Fig. 10. Contours of  velocity distribution  for solar 

chimney with solar insolation (900 W/m
2
) for 

D=6m, H=6m, θ=0°. 

 

Fig. 11. Flow felid of air in solar chimney with solar 

insolation (900 W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ=0°. 

 

Fig. 12. Contours of  temperature distribution  

for solar chimney with solar insolation (300 

W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ =15°. 

Fig .13. Contours of  velocity distribution  for 

solar chimney with solar insolation (300 W/m
2
) 

for D=6m, H=6m, θ=15°. 

 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 85  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fig. 14. Flow felid of air in solar chimney with 

solar insolation (300 W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, 

θ=15. 

 

Fig. 17. Flow felid of air in solar chimney with solar 

insolation (900 W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ =15°. 

 

Fig. 15. Contours of  temperature distribution  for 

solar chimney with solar insolation (900 W/m
2
) for 

D=6m, H=6m, θ =15°. 

Fig. 16. Contours of  velocity distribution  for solar 

chimney with solar insolation (900 W/m
2
) for D=6m, 

H=6m, θ =15°. 

 

Fig. 18. Contours of  temperature distribution  

for solar chimney with solar insolation (300 

W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ =30°. 

Fig .19. Contours of  velocity distribution  for 

solar chimney with solar insolation (300 W/m2) 
for D=6m, H=6m, θ =30°. 

 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 86  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

Fig. 24. The effect of collector angle on  maximum 

temperature at difference solar insolation for D 

=6m. 
 

 

 
 

Fig. 25. The effect of collector angle  on  updraft 

velocity at chimney top at different solar insolation 

for D =6m. 

 

Fig. 20. Flow felid of air in solar chimney with 

solar insolation (300 W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ 

=30°. 

 

Fig. 21.Contours of  temperature distribution  for 

solar chimney with solar insolation (900 W/m
2
) for 

D=6m, H=6m, θ =30°. 

Fig. 22. Contours of  velocity distribution  for solar 

chimney with solar insolation (900 W/m
2
) for D=6m, 

H=6m, θ =30°. 

 

Fig. 23. Flow felid of air in solar chimney with solar 

insolation (900 W/m
2
) for D=6m, H=6m, θ= 30°. 

 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 87  

 

 

4. Conclution 
        

A numerical model for the sloped solar 

chimney power plant is proposed. The model 
includes a flow detail inside a collector and 

chimney. Numerical simulations were conducted 

in order to evaluate the performance of sloped 

solar chimney power plants. The relationships 
between the collector angle, the temperature rise 

across the collector and velocity at chimney are 

presented. This observation would be useful in the 
preliminary plant design. The results show: 
1. The numerical results of  this study have a 

good agreement with the numerical results of 

[20] at the same conditions and (θ=0°). 
2. The temperature increases with the collector 

tile angle increase at solar intensity times 

(7:30,8:15,9 and 10 AM) but decrease at 12:30 

PM). 
3. The velocity of air increase as collector angle 

increase and maximum velocity occurs at 

collector angle 30°. 
4. Both, maximum air temperature and exit air 

velocity were at solar radiation intensity; 900 

W/m2. 

5. the cost for constructing a chimney structure 
can be reduced as a result of reduction in the 

chimney height. 

6. Under the Iraq weather radiation conditions, 
large scale solar chimney in Iraq is 

recommended and use the hills  and mountains 

that are available to build these plants. 
 

 

Symbols and Acronyms 
 

Symbol Description Unit 

D 
Diameter of absorbing 
ground  

m 

g 
Gravitational 

acceleration  
m/s

2
 

H  Chimney  height  m 

h Heat transfer coefficient W/m
2
k 

I Solar radiation W/m
2
 

K Turbulent kinetic energy m
2
/s

2
 

L 
Periphery height of the 
collector: 0.1 

m 

p Pressure Pa 

r Radius m 

S General source term  

T Temperature K° 
TMax Maximum Temperature K° 

t Time s 

u , v  
Fluctuation of mean 

velocities 
m/s 

U,V,W Time-average velocity m/s 

u, v,w 
Velocity components 
(x,y&z) direction 

m/s 

∆ Differentive  

α Absorbtance  

∂ Partial derivative  

ε 
Rate of dissipation of 
kinetic energy 

m
2
/s

2
 

θ Angle  degree 

ρ Fluid density kg/m
3
 


 

General dependent 

variable 
 

μ Dynamic viscosity N.s/m
2
 

t


 
Turbulent viscosity N.s/m

2
 

π Pi  

o Ambient   

 

 

5. References 
 
[1] Atit, K.and Tawit, C.,” Accuracy of 

theoretical models in the prediction of solar 

chimney performance”, Solar Energy. Vol. 
83, PP. (1764-1771), 2009. 

[2] Schlaich J., “The solar chimney”, Edition 
Axel Menges, Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. 

[3] Pretorius J.P., Kr ِ ger D.G., “Solar chimney 
power plant performance”, J. Sol. Energy 

Eng. Vol.128, 2006,pp 302–311. 

[4] Lorente S, Koonsrisuk A, Bejan A. 
“Constructal distribution of solar chimney 

power plants few large and many small”. 

International Journal of Green Energy 
2010;7(6):pp. 577-592. 

[5] Rohmann M. “Solar chimney power plant”. 
Bochum University of Applied Sciences; 

2000.  
[6] “EnviroMission’s solar tower of power”, 

http://seekingalpha.com/article/14935-

enviromission-s-solar-tower-of-power; 2006. 
[7] Schlaich J. “The solar chimney ” Stuttgart, 

Germany: Edition Axel Menges; 1995. 

[8] Schlaich J, Bergermann R, Schiel W, 
“Weinrebe G. Sustainable electricity 

generation with solar updraft towers”. 

Structural Engineering International 

2004;14(3):,pp. 225-229. 
[9] Fluri TP, Pretorius JP, Van Dyk C, Von 

Backström TW, Kröger DG, Van Zijl GPAG. 



 Arkan k. Al-Taaie                     Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, P.P. 79- 89(2016) 

 88  

 

 

“Cost analysis of solar chimney power 
plants. Solar Energy” 2009;83(2):,pp. 246-

256. 

[10] Nizetic S, Ninic N, Klarin B. “Analysis and 
feasibility of implementing solar chimney 

power plants in the Mediterranean region. 

Energy 2008;33(11):,pp.1680-1690. 

[11] Zhou XP, Yang JK, Wang J, Xiao B. “Novel 
concept for producing energy integrating a 

solar collector with a man made mountain 

hollow”. Energy Conversion and 
Management 2009;50(3):pp. 847-854. 

[12] Papageorgiou C. “Floating solar chimney 
technology". In: Rugescu RD, editor.Solar 

energy. INTECH; 2010. 
[13] Bilgen E, Rheault J. “Solar chimney power 

plants for high latitudes”. Solar Energy 

2005;79(5):,pp. 449-458. 
[14] Cao F, Zhao L, Guo L.” Simulation of a 

sloped solar chimney power plant in 

Lanzhou”. Energy Conversion and 
Management 2011;52(6):,pp. 2360-2366. 

[15] Panse SV, Jadhav AS, Gudekar AS, Joshi JB. 
“Inclined solar chimney for power 

production”. Energy Conversion and 
Management 2011;52(10):,pp. 3096-3102. 

[16] Jianhua F., Louise J.and Simon F.,” Flow 
distribution in a solar collector panel with 

horizontally inclined absorber strips”, 

http://www.sciencedirect.com, Solar Energy, 
Vol. 81, PP. (1501–1511),2007. 

[17] Launder, B. E.  and Spalding, D. B., 
"Lectures in mathematical models of 

turbulence", Academic Press, London, 

England, 1972. 
[18] John A. Duffie,”Solar engineering of thermal 

processes” , Book, John Wiley and SONS , 

INC.,Second Edition, 1980. 
[19] Ming T., Liu W., and Xu G..” Analytical and 

numerical investigation of the solar chimney 

power plant systems”, International Journal 
of Energy Research, Vol. 30, Issue 11, PP. ( 

861–873), September 2006. 

[20] Rafah A. N.,”Numerical Prediction of a solar 
chimney performance using CFD technique” 
,Ph.D. Thesis Submitted to 

Electromechanical Engineering Department 

University of  Technology Baghdad, 2007. 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 



 2016)) 79- 89، صفحت 2، العذد12دجلت الخىارسهي الهٌذسيت الوجلم            اركاى خلخال حسيي                                               

 89  

 

 

 
 

 القذرة لتىليذ شوسيت هذخٌت هٌظىهت في الجزياى سلىك ساويت الوجوع على  لتاثيز رقويت ًوذجت
 

               ***جبيز جاسن عباس       **هحوذ شاتي وحيذ          *حسيي خلخال اركاى
 اىرنْ٘ى٘جٍح اىجاٍؼح/ ٌحاىٍَناٍّل ْٕذسحاه قسٌ** ،*

 ٗاسػ ٍؼحجا/ ٌحاىٍَناٍّل ْٕذسحاه قسٌ***
Abbaskut72@yahoo.com.au :االىنرشًّٗ  اىثشٌذ*  

 

 

 

 الخالصت
 

حٍث ،داىح ىيَذخْح ٗصفٔتضاٌٗح ٗاىزي ٌَنِ  سً ٍائالاُ ّظاً اىَذخْح اىشَسٍح اىَائو ػثاسج ػِ ٍذخْح قذسج شَسٍح ٌنُ٘ فٍٖا ٗظغ اىَجَغ اىشٌ

اىطاقح ٗاالشؼاع ذٌ حو ٍؼادالخ االسرَشاسٌح ٗاىضخٌ ٗ.ٍذخْحخفٍط ميفح اّشاء اىَذخْح ٗرىل تسثة اىرخفٍط اىزي س٘ف ٌحصو فً اسذفاع اهتاالٍناُ خ

اظطشاتً ٍٗسرقش  ،ثالثً االتؼاد،غاغً ضفً ٕزٓ اىذساسح ذٌ اخرثاس اداء اىَذخْح اىشَسٍح اىَائيح خاله جشٌاُ الاُ.Fluent (14)اىشَسً تاسرخذاً تشّاٍج 

حٍث ماّد اتؼاد اىَذخْح اىشَسٍح االسذفاع ،اىؼشاق -ج اىشَسٍح ذحيٍيٍا فً اج٘اء تغذادُٗراك ىحساب اداء اىَذخ k-εاالظطشاتً حٍث ذٌ االسرؼاّح تاىَ٘دٌو 

ٗ  600ٗ   450ٗ  300)شذج االشؼاع اىشَسً ،ٍخريفح اخرثاس  ظشٗفً ٗرىل ػْذ  0.1ً ٗاسذفاع ٍذخو اىَجَغ  0.3قطش اىَذخْح ،6ًقطش اىَجَغ ،ً  6

ً/ٗاغ ( 900ٗ 750
2
ىرً ذ٘صو ىٖا اىثحث ٕ٘ اىراثٍش اىنثٍش ىرغٍش صاٌٗح اىَجَغ ٍِ اتشص اىْرائج ا (°0 ,°15 ,°30)ٗػْذ صٌٗا ٍٍو ٍخريفح ىيَجَغ  

 30°صٌادج صاٌٗح ٍٍالُ اىَجَغ حث ذصو اىى اقصى قٍَٔ ػْذ صاٌٗح حٍث ّالحع اصدٌاد سشػح اىٖ٘اء داخو اىَذخْح ب.اىشَسً ػيى اداء اىَذخْح اىشَسٍح

ٗاىَْاظشج ىشذج االشؼاع اىشَسً ٗذقو  (ق ظ 7:30,8:15,9,10)ذٌ اىر٘صو مزىل اُ دسجاخ اىحشاسج ذضداد تضٌادج صاٌٗح اىَجَغ اىشَسً فً االٗقاخ ،

. ٕزا اىْ٘ع ٍِ االّظَحتٍْد ٕزٓ اىذساسح اٌعا اُ اج٘اء اىؼشاق ٍالئَح ه. ب ظ( 12:30)ػْذ 

 

mailto:kut72@yahoo.com.au*البريد
mailto:kut72@yahoo.com.au*البريد