Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 23 SENTENCE ERRORS ON STUDENTS’ BACHELOR THESIS OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Diana S. Rahman (Mahasiswa Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Jogyakarta) Email: diana_rahman24@yahoo.co.id ABSTRACT The aims of this research are to find out the common sentence errors on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department and to find out the amount of sentence errors on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department. Those should be the reference material in evaluating and teaching English subject. This research used the qualitative method by technic of collecting the data such as observation sheet and documentation. The researcher used surface strategy taxonomy to analysis the datum. That consists of omission, addition, misfomation, and misordering. The result of research showed that the biggest error in writing sentence on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department was addition by 81 sentences. The second error was misformation by 30 sentences. Then, omission was 19 sentences. Thus, the smallest error in writing sentences on students’ bachelor thesis was misordering by 17 sentences. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan kesalahan-kesalahan kalimat yang umum terjadi pada skripsi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris dan menemukan jumlah kesalahan-kesalahan kalimat pada skripsi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Hal ini dapat menjadi bahan acuan atau rujukan untuk pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Peneliti menggunakan strategi siasat permukaan (surface strategy taxonomy) untuk menganalisis data. Strategi siasat permukaan terdiri dari penghilangan, penambahan, salah formasi, dan salah susun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan terbesar menulis kalimat pada skripsi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris adalah penambahan dengan 81 kalimat. Kesalahan kedua adalah salah formasi dengan 30 kalimat. Kemudian, penghilangan dengan 19 kalimat. Dengan demikian kesalahan terkecil adalah salah susun dengan 17 kalimat. Keywords: Analysis, Surface Strategy Taxonomy, Students’ Bachelor Thesis, Sentence Errors. Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 24 A. Introduction Bachelor thesis is the scholarly paper that discuss about the problem or phenomena in the specific science by using the right rules. The observation of problem or phenomena can be found on the education environment. It will be written or arranged through the planning activity and realization activity until finding the result of research based on the analysis of datum. Because students are arranged or written not only as the form of academic assignment but also compulsory as the part of the requirement of education to get the success or passing. The research is operational of scientific method. It is the effort to solve the problem based on the steps on scientific method. Therefore, bachelor thesis has the purpose to enable the student to write the research in accordance to academic writing. The research has the aims to develop the science from the various knowledge. Thus, the result can use to define new theories, to prove theories, and to develop theories. Based on the aims above, thus bachelor thesis becomes the obviously for college and university to get their scholar. Students’ custom to do the research and to describe phenomena based on research and academic writing. However, many students find difficulties in doing good bachelor thesis. One of the difficulties is using academic writing especially when they write in English language. The writing of bachelor thesis that uses English language is not easy for everyone. The knowledge about English grammar and sentence is very important to write the bachelor thesis. Thus, the writer is not only easy to arrange the sentence but also it can be understood by the reader. Because of that, the right sentence is one of the requirements in academic writing included bachelor thesis. Therefore, the sentence must arrange grammatically based on grammar rules in English. The students should be able to understand how to write English sentence a good order on composing their bachelor thesis. Sentence error analysis, then make the students learn how to identify or to analysis their error in writing. The researcher wants to observe some bachelor thesis in order to find out the general error of students when they write their bachelor thesis. There were four types of sentences commonly. They are omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. The researcher interested to do error analysis on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department because some reasons that I said above. The students demand to be able to compose grammatical sentence on their bachelor thesis. However, in the pre-observation research, the researcher found some bachelor thesis containing many sentence errors. Therefore, it is important to know the common error which students made bachelor thesis. B. Research Method The method of this research is qualitative research. It is based on the research focus; to analysis the sentence errors on students’ bachelor thesis of English Department at IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. The research also used the content analysis. Content analysis is a research technique for making inferences Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 25 by systematically and abjectly identifying specified characteristics within a text. In another definition by Bernald Barelson, content analysis is defined as “a research technique for the objective, system and quantitative description of manifest content of communication. The requirement of the technique to be “objective” and “systematic” is of course subsumed under the requirement of reliability in our definition (Klaus Krippendorff, Content Analysis,Volume 5 : 21). Then the same definition argued by Fred N. Kerlinger, “Content analysis is a method of studying and analyzing communications in a systematic, objective, and qualitative manner to measure variables.”( Soejono and Abdurrahman, 2005 : 12) The subject of this research is the students’ bachelor thesis of English Department in IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. A number of bachelor thesis that become subject were 16 bachelor thesis because there are many errors on those bachelor thesis when the researcher did the free observation. Then, the researcher took 2 bachelor thesis every year. This research used the purposive sampling to take the samples (Suharsimi Arikunto, 2013 : 83) The technic of data collecting in this research used observation and documentation. This research will use the stage of observation according to Spradly such as: a) description observation, b) focused observation, c) selected observation. By doing observation, the researcher can see and record the sentence errors on students’ bachelor thesis. Then, there are three activities to analysis data; data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification (Sugiyono, 2015 : 245-246) Then, researcher used the surface strategy taxonomy to analysis and identify the sentence errors on students’ bachelor thesis. C. Discussions a. The Types of Sentence Errors on Students’ Bachelor thesis of English Education Department Table 4.1 Omission Errors No. Types of error (Omission) Sentence Errors 1. Omission of Subject 1. Motive can not detect directly but can intreped in their attitude or behavior 2. So will create a harmonious two-way relationship between teachers and students 3. So have to make the library study 4. but can not to write. 5. will increase the researchers’ knowledge 6. is expected to increase the vocabulary 2. Omission of Verb 1. The process of conducting the learning system between teacher and students at the school 2. When the teacher teaching in front of the class 3. While use of media in the process of learning English Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 26 very supportive 4. The learning process using the right media 5. Then from this case I choice a method 6. As for other countries using English as a second language 7. The significant of this research the effect of picture media 8. Such as articles, Present and Continous, Preposition of Time, Past Tense, Present Perfect Tense, Indirect Speech, Past Continous Tense, Yes/No Question in past tense, Connectives, Simple past forms of “be”, Simple past forms of reguler verbs, Simple past forms of irreguler verbs, Relational voice (simple past), Question Tags, Reported speech (a review), Causative “have”. (ommision Verb). 3. Omission of Determiner 1. A teacher should be doing planning and evaluation of all actions to be taken 4. Omission of Preposition 1. The teacher should give the guidance and motivation about important improving reading interest 2. Even though for us Indonesia society show that education 3. I try give an idea to a teacher as collaborator 5. Omission of Punctuation 1. So as a researcher I am doing to research does the picture media influence to student’s vocabulary mastery at SMP N 4 Limboto? Table 4.2 Addition Errors No. Types of error (Addition) Sentence Errors 1. Simple addition 1. It cause in writing students are given time to analyzed it’s word 2. Which must analyzed to lesson the error of translation result 3. The students to reading fom itself 4. So the researcher want to know what are causes that make them get high achievement of study 5. The teacher have to increase 6. The teacher have to know the all characters and functions as the teacher 7. From the result of research that have gotten in class VII BP 1 at MTs. Negeri Model Limboto 8. Teacher use in teaching process 9. Teacher need to apply the mode or learning Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 27 10. The researcher need to do 11. Teacher help the young learner to acquire or practice the language. 12. Teacher of the young learner have to create a good atmosphere 13. The teacher duty in learning and studying process consits of pedagogies duty and administration duty. 14. Because teacher have creativity 15. The writer suggest some maters 16. The teacher must used the different method in teaching vocabulary 17. One approach to instructional media that have a level of active student learning 18. Picture are medium or media in the forms of posters, paintings, photographs, caricatures, etc. 19. Data were analized by three ways namely data reduction, data display. 20. Overcoming barries to increased use of picture student learning 21. An alternative to teaching vocabulary in English 22. The students must mastered the four basic language skills 23. The fourth is used to respond to or create a discourse in public life 24. The learner could not communicate to other clearly, could not understand to read books, could not to write and could not understant in listening 25. When student have more vocabulary 26. Student could not to speak 27. This research want look 28. The Educational and Economic Problem was caused of country progres 29. As author I addressed that both of method of learning are have relation meaning 30. These could proved with the result of observation 31. I wanting to increase about 75% students get 70%achievement 32. many students doesn’t have interest in reading 33. other researchers to doing advanced research and development 34. Other researchers to doing advanced research and development 35. The four skills were used to respond to or create discourse in public life. 36. This is some factors that influence the person or the people can not to speak. Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 28 37. The people can not to speak 38. The four skills were used to respond to or create discourse in public life. 39. The researcher make conclusion 40. The teacher give example of biography Muhammad Yamin 41. The researcher make some suggestion for English teacher, students, and institution 42. For the students if students want to reading comprehention 43. Researcher does several obsevation in class, to observed the students speaking skills during the learning process in teaching English 44. The researcher explain about vocabulary 45. The researcher make conclusion 46. Students in middle scholl still has a limited vocabulary 47. For example to doing conversation with all the people in the world 48. The reasearch want to analyzed the students’ competence 49. The research have a suggestion after did this research 50. The researcher want to discuss about Question taqs (taq question) 51. The reasearch want to analyzed the students’ competence 2. Double markings 1. They learn tranfer from thinking to be writing language 2. Because the students in this scholl are have motivation in learn especially English learning process. 3. The implemention of good method and strategy are will get the quality of education 4. Good method and learning strategy are will getting improving study achievement of students 5. It is depend on the method 6. They need play with words 7. The important duty of teacher is do some activities or agenda 8. The teacher creativity must be have to motivate student 9. The students didn’t found punishment from Mahkamatul Lugho 10. 1’m not took explain what the relation are but only tool for a research theme instead 11. There could be understand about the term 12. I want to try to apply 13. I formulated for aim of my research is to know does the application of relo-play method can be increase the students’ speaking ability Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 29 14. That is was proves by their activity in Role Playing 15. Then the method influences to learning process 16. this research want look same with other 17. The interest in reading and ability hopeful could gave implication theoretical and practical. 18. The many interest reading can help increase vocabulary 19. Confused to diction that must used in context that different 20. Or can to express but can not to write. 21. They are not have confident 22. They are not have self confidence to speak in front of class or their friends. 23. They are not have ability to speak 24. They are feel shy, and be afraid 25. this research is expected increase students’ speaking ability 26. Teachers are also required to can develop the skills 27. They just want to learn is by planning 28. that students can to improve students’ vocabulary 3. Double Subject 1. The most difficult it will be for them to perform the activity of language. 2. Guessing Game it is strategy to interest Table 4.3 Misformation Errors No. Types of Error (Misformation ) Sentence Errors 1. Archi-forms 1. There is some various students’ ability on translation and grammatical mastery 2. of course reading is not the one of way for that 3. There are two variable 4. I present some suggestion 5. English subject matter is one of subject 6. Beside personality of the teacher it selves 7. One of the factor to get succes in the learning process 8. MTs. Negeri Model Limboto is one of the best school in gorontalo province 9. It has some conclusion as shown below 10. Picture is one of the media 11. Teachers and students itself that do it. 12. In the teaching learning process the teacher also must use some kind of approaches 13. The important duty of teacher is do some activities or Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 30 agenda 14. This factor can be divided to two factor 15. Vocabulary is one of the important aspect in learning a foreing language 16. The students can take some information to identify their speaking ability 17. the population is the all student at class XI and to take the sample used the purposive sampling technique 18. in this research the population is the all student at second Grade 19. This research there is two variable 20. Some factor that influence the person or the people 21. The researcher make some suggestion for English teacher, students, and institution 22. The goal of improving some aspect of comprehention 23. From two suggestion above 2. Regulation 1. The one of main reason why the studentd not get success in teaching learning process 2. Who not have expert to do activities or duty as a teacher 3. We saw there many govermnets’ program to develop country’s quality 3. Misformation of Verb 1. students’ can tell everything they thing 2. The researcher hope the teacher soul give help for the student 4. Misformation of Spelling 1. The teacher can improve and develop the vocabury mastery 5. Misformation of Subject 1. the research hope this suggetion can be attetion for everyone Table 4.4 Misordering Errors No. Types of Error (Misordering) Sentence Errors 1. Misordering of adverb 1. Based on above opinion can be known that reading is a process for obtain the information 2. Based on above condition, the writer performs a research 3. Based on the above exposure 4. Based on the above description of an attempt to improve the English 2. Misordering of Aphostrophe 1. By speaking students’ can tell everything 2. That the students ‘vocabulary is still very low 3. that the students ‘vocabulary is still very low 3. Misoredring of Noun phrase 1. As for other countries using English as a second language as Malaysia country and India 2. to improve student’s vocabulary trough games quartet in seventh grade junior high school Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 31 3. Question taqs must be studied because if we would like to ask with giving affirmation we can be used Question Taqs. We usually use question taqs in conversation. 4. A question taq consists of two words. 5. The using of Question taqs for the students of Junior High School is a new thing. 6. That the use of question taqs is not easy. 7. the students’ competence on Question taqs in SMP Negeri 3 Bolangintang Barat. 8. So the researcher would like to do a research about “An Analysis of Students’ Competence on Question taqs” 9. The aim of research of this observation is to know is the students’ competence on Question taqs 10. To improve student’s vocabulary trough games quartet in seventh grade junior high school b. The Amount of Sentence Errors on Students’ Bachelor thesis of English Education Department Table 4.5 The Amount of Sentence Errors No. The year of bache lor thesis The title of bachelor thesis The types of error O m issio n A d d itio n M isfo r m a tio n M iso r d e r in g 1 2009 1. The Tenses Analysis of Translation Result in English Sentences 2. A Correlation Between Students’ Reading Interest and Their Achievement in English Learning At The First Grade Students of MAN Limboto 1 4 4 2 2 2010 1. The Using Of Picture to Develop English Vocabulary for Young Learner 2. The Implementation of Active Learning Method in Improving Student’s Motivation at Class VII Bina Prestasi 1 of MTs. Negeri Model Limboto 2 15 7 Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 32 3 2011 1. The Teacher’s Creativity in Teaching Vocabulary At The Second Grade of MTs. Al-Falah 2. The Effectiveness of Picture in English Learning Process At MTs Al- Yusra Gorontalo 4 12 5 1 4 2012 1. The Application of Role Play Method to Increase Students’ Speaking Ability 2. The Correlation between Using Discussion Method and Students’ Speaking Ability 4 17 5 - 5 2013 1. The Influence of Interest in Reading English Book Toward The Result of Reading Comprehension 2. The Influence of Self Confidence toward English Speaking Ability 4 17 2 1 6 2014 1. Improving The Student’s Reading Comprehension Thinking Activity (DRTA) 2. Improving The English Vocabulary Through Scramble Method 2 5 2 1 7 2015 1. The Influence of Picture Media Toward Student’s Vocabulary Mastery 2. Improving Students’ Speaking Ability Guessing Game Strategy 2 6 2 3 8 2016 1. An Analysis of Students’ Competence on Question Tags 2. Improving Student’s Vocabulary Trough Quartet Game on Seventh Grade of SMP 2 Pulubala 5 3 9 9. The amount of errors 19 81 30 18 D. Conclussion Based on the finding and discussion, the researcher can conclude some of the conclusion as follows: The biggest error in writing sentences on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department is addition.The smallest error in writing sentences on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department is misordering.There are sentences error on students’ bachelor thesis of English Education Department include 81 sentences of addition, 30 sentences of misformation, 19 sentences of omission, and 17 sentences of misorderin Journal al-Lisan ISSN 2442-8965 & E ISSN 2442-8973 Volume 3 Nomor 1 -Februari 2018 http://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/al 33 REFERENCES Alexander, L.G. Longman English Grammar Practice, (New York: Longman, 1998). Arikunto, Suharsimi. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Statistik, (Jakarta: Rineke Cipta, 2013) Booher, Dianna. Good Grief Good Grammar, (Canada: 1998). Brown, Douglas. 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