id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
al-319	1	1	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	1	2	characteritics	characteritic	NOUN
al-319	1	3	in	in	ADP
al-319	1	4	second	second	ADJ
al-319	1	5	language	language	NOUN
al-319	1	6	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	1	7	susiati	susiati	NOUN
al-319	1	8	abas	abas	PROPN
al-319	1	9	faculty	faculty	NOUN
al-319	1	10	of	of	ADP
al-319	1	11	applied	apply	VERB
al-319	1	12	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
al-319	1	13	program	program	NOUN
al-319	1	14	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	1	15	state	state	NOUN
al-319	1	16	university	university	PROPN
al-319	1	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	1	18	yogyakarta	yogyakarta	PROPN
al-319	1	19	email	email	NOUN
al-319	1	20	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	1	21	susiati0768pasca2015@student.uny.ac.id	susiati0768pasca2015@student.uny.ac.id	PROPN
al-319	1	22	abstract	abstract	ADJ
al-319	1	23	this	this	DET
al-319	1	24	paper	paper	NOUN
al-319	1	25	explores	explore	VERB
al-319	1	26	the	the	DET
al-319	1	27	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
al-319	1	28	framework	framework	NOUN
al-319	1	29	of	of	ADP
al-319	1	30	the	the	DET
al-319	1	31	role	role	NOUN
al-319	1	32	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	1	33	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	1	34	in	in	ADP
al-319	1	35	language	language	NOUN
al-319	1	36	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	1	37	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	2	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	2	2	other	other	ADJ
al-319	2	3	words	word	NOUN
al-319	2	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	2	5	this	this	DET
al-319	2	6	paper	paper	NOUN
al-319	2	7	specifies	specifie	NOUN
al-319	2	8	on	on	ADP
al-319	2	9	promoting	promote	VERB
al-319	2	10	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
al-319	2	11	justifications	justification	NOUN
al-319	2	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	2	13	the	the	DET
al-319	2	14	role	role	NOUN
al-319	2	15	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	2	16	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	2	17	in	in	ADP
al-319	2	18	second	second	ADJ
al-319	2	19	language	language	NOUN
al-319	2	20	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	2	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	3	1	language	language	NOUN
al-319	3	2	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	3	3	is	be	AUX
al-319	3	4	very	very	ADV
al-319	3	5	similar	similar	ADJ
al-319	3	6	to	to	ADP
al-319	3	7	the	the	DET
al-319	3	8	process	process	NOUN
al-319	3	9	children	child	NOUN
al-319	3	10	use	use	VERB
al-319	3	11	in	in	ADP
al-319	3	12	acquiring	acquire	VERB
al-319	3	13	first	first	ADJ
al-319	3	14	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	3	15	second	second	ADJ
al-319	3	16	languages	language	NOUN
al-319	3	17	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	4	1	it	it	PRON
al-319	4	2	requires	require	VERB
al-319	4	3	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
al-319	4	4	interaction	interaction	NOUN
al-319	4	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	4	6	the	the	DET
al-319	4	7	target	target	NOUN
al-319	4	8	language	language	NOUN
al-319	4	9	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	4	10	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	4	11	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	4	12	in	in	ADP
al-319	4	13	which	which	PRON
al-319	4	14	speaker	speaker	NOUN
al-319	4	15	are	be	AUX
al-319	4	16	concerned	concern	VERB
al-319	4	17	not	not	PART
al-319	4	18	with	with	ADP
al-319	4	19	the	the	DET
al-319	4	20	form	form	NOUN
al-319	4	21	on	on	ADP
al-319	4	22	their	their	PRON
al-319	4	23	utterances	utterance	NOUN
al-319	4	24	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	4	25	with	with	ADP
al-319	4	26	the	the	DET
al-319	4	27	messages	message	NOUN
al-319	4	28	they	they	PRON
al-319	4	29	are	be	AUX
al-319	4	30	conveying	convey	VERB
al-319	4	31	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	4	32	understanding	understand	VERB
al-319	4	33	those	those	DET
al-319	4	34	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	4	35	are	be	AUX
al-319	4	36	age	age	NOUN
al-319	4	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	4	38	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	4	39	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	4	40	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	4	41	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	4	42	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	4	43	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	4	44	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	4	45	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	4	46	attitude	attitude	NOUN
al-319	4	47	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	4	48	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	4	49	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	4	50	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	4	51	styles	style	NOUN
al-319	4	52	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	4	53	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	4	54	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	5	1	the	the	DET
al-319	5	2	development	development	NOUN
al-319	5	3	those	those	DET
al-319	5	4	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	5	5	could	could	AUX
al-319	5	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	5	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
al-319	5	8	via	via	ADP
al-319	5	9	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	5	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	5	11	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	5	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	5	13	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	5	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	6	1	wherein	wherein	ADJ
al-319	6	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	6	3	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	6	4	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	6	5	can	can	AUX
al-319	6	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	6	7	quite	quite	ADV
al-319	6	8	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
al-319	6	9	for	for	ADP
al-319	6	10	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	6	11	second	second	ADJ
al-319	6	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	6	13	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	6	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	7	1	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	7	2	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	7	3	are	be	AUX
al-319	7	4	also	also	ADV
al-319	7	5	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
al-319	7	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	8	1	key	key	ADJ
al-319	8	2	word	word	NOUN
al-319	8	3	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	8	4	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	8	5	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	8	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	8	7	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	8	8	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	8	9	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	8	10	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	8	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	8	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	8	13	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	8	14	kajian	kajian	PROPN
al-319	8	15	ini	ini	PROPN
al-319	8	16	membahas	membahas	PROPN
al-319	8	17	mengenai	mengenai	PROPN
al-319	8	18	kerangka	kerangka	PROPN
al-319	9	1	teoritis	teoritis	PROPN
al-319	9	2	peran	peran	NOUN
al-319	9	3	karakteristik	karakteristik	PROPN
al-319	9	4	individu	individu	PROPN
al-319	9	5	dalam	dalam	PROPN
al-319	9	6	pemerolehan	pemerolehan	PROPN
al-319	9	7	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	9	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	10	1	dengan	dengan	PROPN
al-319	10	2	kata	kata	PROPN
al-319	10	3	lain	lain	PROPN
al-319	10	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	10	5	kajian	kajian	PROPN
al-319	10	6	ini	ini	PROPN
al-319	10	7	menekankan	menekankan	PROPN
al-319	10	8	pada	pada	PROPN
al-319	10	9	teori	teori	PROPN
al-319	10	10	pembenaran	pembenaran	PROPN
al-319	10	11	mengenai	mengenai	PROPN
al-319	10	12	peran	peran	PROPN
al-319	10	13	karakteristik	karakteristik	PROPN
al-319	10	14	individu	individu	PROPN
al-319	10	15	dalam	dalam	PROPN
al-319	10	16	pemerolehan	pemerolehan	PROPN
al-319	10	17	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	10	18	kedua	kedua	PROPN
al-319	10	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	11	1	pemerolehan	pemerolehan	PROPN
al-319	11	2	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	11	3	ini	ini	PROPN
al-319	11	4	sangat	sangat	PROPN
al-319	11	5	mirip	mirip	PROPN
al-319	11	6	dengan	dengan	PROPN
al-319	11	7	proses	proses	PROPN
al-319	11	8	pada	pada	PROPN
al-319	11	9	saat	saat	PROPN
al-319	11	10	anak	anak	PROPN
al-319	11	11	menggunakan	menggunakan	PROPN
al-319	11	12	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	11	13	pertama	pertama	PROPN
al-319	11	14	dan	dan	PROPN
al-319	11	15	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	11	16	kedua	kedua	PROPN
al-319	11	17	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	12	1	hal	hal	PROPN
al-319	12	2	ini	ini	PROPN
al-319	12	3	memerlukan	memerlukan	PROPN
al-319	12	4	interaksi	interaksi	PROPN
al-319	12	5	yang	yang	PROPN
al-319	12	6	bermakna	bermakna	PROPN
al-319	12	7	dalam	dalam	PROPN
al-319	12	8	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	12	9	target	target	PROPN
al-319	12	10	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	12	11	alam	alam	PROPN
al-319	12	12	komunikasi	komunikasi	PROPN
al-319	12	13	yang	yang	PROPN
al-319	12	14	fokus	fokus	PROPN
al-319	12	15	pembicaraan	pembicaraan	PROPN
al-319	12	16	tidak	tidak	PROPN
al-319	12	17	lagi	lagi	PROPN
al-319	12	18	pada	pada	PROPN
al-319	12	19	bentuk	bentuk	PROPN
al-319	12	20	-	-	PROPN
al-319	12	21	bentuk	bentuk	PROPN
al-319	12	22	ujaran	ujaran	PROPN
al-319	12	23	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	12	24	lebih	lebih	PROPN
al-319	12	25	pada	pada	PROPN
al-319	12	26	makna	makna	PROPN
al-319	12	27	atau	atau	PROPN
al-319	12	28	pesan	pesan	PROPN
al-319	12	29	yang	yang	PROPN
al-319	12	30	disampaikan	disampaikan	PROPN
al-319	12	31	dan	dan	PROPN
al-319	12	32	memahami	memahami	PROPN
al-319	12	33	karakteristik	karakteristik	PROPN
al-319	12	34	tersebut	tersebut	PROPN
al-319	12	35	seperti	seperti	PROPN
al-319	12	36	usia	usia	PROPN
al-319	12	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	12	38	jenis	jenis	PROPN
al-319	12	39	kelamin	kelamin	PROPN
al-319	12	40	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	12	41	mailto:susiati0768pasca2015@student.uny.ac.id	mailto:susiati0768pasca2015@student.uny.ac.id	ADJ
al-319	12	42	intelijen	intelijen	PROPN
al-319	12	43	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	12	44	bakat	bakat	NOUN
al-319	12	45	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	12	46	motivasi	motivasi	PROPN
al-319	12	47	dan	dan	PROPN
al-319	12	48	sikap	sikap	PROPN
al-319	12	49	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	12	50	kepribadian	kepribadian	PROPN
al-319	12	51	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	12	52	gaya	gaya	PROPN
al-319	12	53	belajar	belajar	PROPN
al-319	12	54	dan	dan	PROPN
al-319	12	55	lingkungan	lingkungan	PROPN
al-319	12	56	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	13	1	perkembangan	perkembangan	VERB
al-319	13	2	faktor	faktor	PROPN
al-319	13	3	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	13	4	faktor	faktor	NOUN
al-319	13	5	tersebut	tersebut	PROPN
al-319	13	6	bisa	bisa	PROPN
al-319	13	7	dilakukan	dilakukan	PROPN
al-319	13	8	melalui	melalui	PROPN
al-319	13	9	lingkungan	lingkungan	VERB
al-319	13	10	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	13	11	formal	formal	PROPN
al-319	13	12	dan	dan	PROPN
al-319	13	13	informal	informal	PROPN
al-319	13	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	14	1	dimana	dimana	PROPN
al-319	14	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	14	3	lingkungan	lingkungan	VERB
al-319	14	4	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	14	5	bisa	bisa	PROPN
al-319	14	6	sangat	sangat	PROPN
al-319	14	7	bermanfaat	bermanfaat	PROPN
al-319	14	8	untuk	untuk	PROPN
al-319	14	9	pemerolehan	pemerolehan	PROPN
al-319	14	10	bahasa	bahasa	PROPN
al-319	14	11	kedua	kedua	PROPN
al-319	14	12	oleh	oleh	PROPN
al-319	14	13	orang	orang	PROPN
al-319	14	14	dewasa	dewasa	PROPN
al-319	14	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	15	1	lingkungan	lingkungan	VERB
al-319	15	2	yang	yang	PROPN
al-319	15	3	formal	formal	PROPN
al-319	15	4	juga	juga	PROPN
al-319	15	5	bermanfaat	bermanfaat	PROPN
al-319	15	6	a.	a.	NOUN
al-319	15	7	introduction	introduction	NOUN
al-319	15	8	language	language	NOUN
al-319	15	9	is	be	AUX
al-319	15	10	a	a	DET
al-319	15	11	tool	tool	NOUN
al-319	15	12	for	for	ADP
al-319	15	13	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	15	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	16	1	every	every	DET
al-319	16	2	human	human	NOUN
al-319	16	3	have	have	VERB
al-319	16	4	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	16	5	to	to	PART
al-319	16	6	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	16	7	the	the	DET
al-319	16	8	language	language	NOUN
al-319	16	9	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	17	1	the	the	DET
al-319	17	2	first	first	ADJ
al-319	17	3	way	way	NOUN
al-319	17	4	acquires	acquire	VERB
al-319	17	5	a	a	DET
al-319	17	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	17	7	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	17	8	the	the	DET
al-319	17	9	children	child	NOUN
al-319	17	10	develop	develop	VERB
al-319	17	11	their	their	PRON
al-319	17	12	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	17	13	in	in	ADP
al-319	17	14	first	first	ADJ
al-319	17	15	language	language	NOUN
al-319	17	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	18	1	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	18	2	get	get	VERB
al-319	18	3	to	to	PART
al-319	18	4	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	18	5	the	the	DET
al-319	18	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	18	7	are	be	AUX
al-319	18	8	usually	usually	ADV
al-319	18	9	not	not	PART
al-319	18	10	aware	aware	ADJ
al-319	18	11	of	of	ADP
al-319	18	12	the	the	DET
al-319	18	13	fact	fact	NOUN
al-319	18	14	acquiring	acquire	VERB
al-319	18	15	a	a	DET
al-319	18	16	language	language	NOUN
al-319	18	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	18	18	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	18	19	the	the	DET
al-319	18	20	result	result	NOUN
al-319	18	21	they	they	PRON
al-319	18	22	are	be	AUX
al-319	18	23	using	use	VERB
al-319	18	24	language	language	NOUN
al-319	18	25	for	for	ADP
al-319	18	26	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	18	27	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	19	1	language	language	NOUN
al-319	19	2	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	19	3	too	too	ADV
al-319	19	4	give	give	VERB
al-319	19	5	a	a	DET
al-319	19	6	result	result	NOUN
al-319	19	7	to	to	PART
al-319	19	8	get	get	VERB
al-319	19	9	to	to	PART
al-319	19	10	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	19	11	competence	competence	NOUN
al-319	19	12	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	19	13	is	be	AUX
al-319	19	14	also	also	ADV
al-319	19	15	subconscious	subconscious	ADJ
al-319	19	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	20	1	generally	generally	ADV
al-319	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	20	3	the	the	DET
al-319	20	4	children	child	NOUN
al-319	20	5	are	be	AUX
al-319	20	6	not	not	PART
al-319	20	7	aware	aware	ADJ
al-319	20	8	of	of	ADP
al-319	20	9	the	the	DET
al-319	20	10	rules	rule	NOUN
al-319	20	11	of	of	ADP
al-319	20	12	the	the	DET
al-319	20	13	language	language	NOUN
al-319	20	14	have	have	AUX
al-319	20	15	acquired	acquire	VERB
al-319	20	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	21	1	even	even	ADV
al-319	21	2	if	if	SCONJ
al-319	21	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	21	4	have	have	AUX
al-319	21	5	feel	feel	VERB
al-319	21	6	correctness	correctness	NOUN
al-319	21	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	22	1	sometime	sometime	ADJ
al-319	22	2	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
al-319	22	3	sentence	sentence	NOUN
al-319	22	4	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	22	5	sound	sound	ADJ
al-319	22	6	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	22	7	right	right	NOUN
al-319	22	8	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	22	9	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	22	10	feel	feel	VERB
al-319	22	11	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	22	12	right	right	NOUN
al-319	22	13	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	22	14	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	22	15	errors	error	NOUN
al-319	22	16	feel	feel	VERB
al-319	22	17	wrong	wrong	ADJ
al-319	22	18	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	23	1	it	it	PRON
al-319	23	2	is	be	AUX
al-319	23	3	not	not	PART
al-319	23	4	consciously	consciously	ADV
al-319	23	5	know	know	VERB
al-319	23	6	what	what	PRON
al-319	23	7	rules	rule	NOUN
al-319	23	8	was	be	AUX
al-319	23	9	violated	violate	VERB
al-319	23	10	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	24	1	other	other	ADJ
al-319	24	2	ways	way	NOUN
al-319	24	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	24	4	describing	describe	VERB
al-319	24	5	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	24	6	include	include	VERB
al-319	24	7	implicit	implicit	ADJ
al-319	24	8	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	24	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	24	10	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	24	11	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	24	13	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	24	14	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	24	15	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	24	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	25	1	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	25	2	came	come	VERB
al-319	25	3	after	after	SCONJ
al-319	25	4	the	the	DET
al-319	25	5	first	first	ADJ
al-319	25	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	25	7	has	have	AUX
al-319	25	8	been	be	AUX
al-319	25	9	learnt	learn	VERB
al-319	25	10	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	26	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	26	2	non	non	ADJ
al-319	26	3	-	-	ADJ
al-319	26	4	technical	technical	ADJ
al-319	26	5	language	language	NOUN
al-319	26	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	26	7	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	26	8	is	be	AUX
al-319	26	9	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	26	10	picking	pick	VERB
al-319	26	11	up	up	ADP
al-319	26	12	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	26	13	a	a	DET
al-319	26	14	language	language	NOUN
al-319	26	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	27	1	some	some	DET
al-319	27	2	second	second	ADJ
al-319	27	3	language	language	NOUN
al-319	27	4	theory	theory	NOUN
al-319	27	5	has	have	AUX
al-319	27	6	assumed	assume	VERB
al-319	27	7	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	27	8	children	child	NOUN
al-319	27	9	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	27	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	27	11	while	while	SCONJ
al-319	27	12	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	27	13	can	can	AUX
al-319	27	14	only	only	ADV
al-319	27	15	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	27	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	28	1	the	the	DET
al-319	28	2	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	28	3	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	28	4	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	28	5	claim	claim	NOUN
al-319	28	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	28	7	however	however	ADV
al-319	28	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	28	9	that	that	DET
al-319	28	10	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	28	11	also	also	ADV
al-319	28	12	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	28	13	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	29	1	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	29	2	the	the	DET
al-319	29	3	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	29	4	to	to	PART
al-319	29	5	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	29	6	pick	pick	VERB
al-319	29	7	up	up	ADP
al-319	29	8	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	29	9	language	language	NOUN
al-319	29	10	does	do	AUX
al-319	29	11	not	not	PART
al-319	29	12	disappear	disappear	VERB
al-319	29	13	at	at	ADP
al-319	29	14	puberty	puberty	NOUN
al-319	29	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	30	1	the	the	DET
al-319	30	2	term	term	NOUN
al-319	30	3	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	30	4	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	30	5	period	period	NOUN
al-319	30	6	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	30	7	is	be	AUX
al-319	30	8	used	use	VERB
al-319	30	9	to	to	PART
al-319	30	10	refer	refer	VERB
al-319	30	11	to	to	ADP
al-319	30	12	the	the	DET
al-319	30	13	general	general	ADJ
al-319	30	14	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
al-319	30	15	of	of	ADP
al-319	30	16	declining	decline	VERB
al-319	30	17	competence	competence	NOUN
al-319	30	18	over	over	ADP
al-319	30	19	increasing	increase	VERB
al-319	30	20	age	age	NOUN
al-319	30	21	of	of	ADP
al-319	30	22	exposure	exposure	NOUN
al-319	30	23	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	30	24	is	be	AUX
al-319	30	25	used	use	VERB
al-319	30	26	to	to	PART
al-319	30	27	state	state	VERB
al-319	30	28	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	30	29	there	there	PRON
al-319	30	30	is	be	VERB
al-319	30	31	a	a	DET
al-319	30	32	period	period	NOUN
al-319	30	33	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	30	34	language	language	NOUN
al-319	30	35	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	30	36	can	can	AUX
al-319	30	37	take	take	VERB
al-319	30	38	place	place	NOUN
al-319	30	39	naturally	naturally	ADV
al-319	30	40	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	30	41	effortlessly	effortlessly	ADV
al-319	30	42	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	30	43	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	30	44	after	after	ADP
al-319	30	45	a	a	DET
al-319	30	46	certain	certain	ADJ
al-319	30	47	age	age	NOUN
al-319	30	48	the	the	DET
al-319	30	49	brain	brain	NOUN
al-319	30	50	is	be	AUX
al-319	30	51	no	no	ADV
al-319	30	52	longer	long	ADV
al-319	30	53	able	able	ADJ
al-319	30	54	to	to	PART
al-319	30	55	process	process	VERB
al-319	30	56	language	language	NOUN
al-319	30	57	input	input	NOUN
al-319	30	58	in	in	ADP
al-319	30	59	this	this	DET
al-319	30	60	way	way	NOUN
al-319	30	61	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	30	62	ellis	ellis	PROPN
al-319	30	63	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	30	64	1986	1986	NUM
al-319	30	65	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	30	66	p.	p.	NOUN
al-319	30	67	107	107	NUM
al-319	30	68	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	30	69	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	31	1	the	the	DET
al-319	31	2	most	most	ADV
al-319	31	3	frequently	frequently	ADV
al-319	31	4	understood	understand	VERB
al-319	31	5	period	period	NOUN
al-319	31	6	referred	refer	VERB
al-319	31	7	to	to	ADP
al-319	31	8	is	be	AUX
al-319	31	9	reflected	reflect	VERB
al-319	31	10	in	in	ADP
al-319	31	11	scovel	scovel	NOUN
al-319	31	12	’s	’s	PART
al-319	31	13	definition	definition	NOUN
al-319	31	14	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	31	15	in	in	ADP
al-319	31	16	brief	brief	NOUN
al-319	31	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	31	18	the	the	DET
al-319	31	19	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	31	20	period	period	NOUN
al-319	31	21	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	31	22	is	be	AUX
al-319	31	23	the	the	DET
al-319	31	24	notion	notion	NOUN
al-319	31	25	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	31	26	language	language	NOUN
al-319	31	27	is	be	AUX
al-319	31	28	best	well	ADV
al-319	31	29	learned	learn	VERB
al-319	31	30	during	during	ADP
al-319	31	31	the	the	DET
al-319	31	32	early	early	ADJ
al-319	31	33	years	year	NOUN
al-319	31	34	of	of	ADP
al-319	31	35	childhood	childhood	NOUN
al-319	31	36	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	31	37	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	31	38	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	31	39	after	after	ADP
al-319	31	40	about	about	ADP
al-319	31	41	the	the	DET
al-319	31	42	first	first	ADJ
al-319	31	43	dozen	dozen	NOUN
al-319	31	44	years	year	NOUN
al-319	31	45	of	of	ADP
al-319	31	46	life	life	NOUN
al-319	31	47	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	31	48	everyone	everyone	PRON
al-319	31	49	faces	face	VERB
al-319	31	50	certain	certain	ADJ
al-319	31	51	constraints	constraint	NOUN
al-319	31	52	in	in	ADP
al-319	31	53	the	the	DET
al-319	31	54	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	31	55	to	to	PART
al-319	31	56	pick	pick	VERB
al-319	31	57	up	up	ADP
al-319	31	58	a	a	DET
al-319	31	59	new	new	ADJ
al-319	31	60	language	language	NOUN
al-319	31	61	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	31	62	1988	1988	NUM
al-319	31	63	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	31	64	p.	p.	NOUN
al-319	31	65	2	2	NUM
al-319	31	66	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	31	67	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	32	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	32	2	reference	reference	NOUN
al-319	32	3	to	to	ADP
al-319	32	4	the	the	DET
al-319	32	5	statement	statement	NOUN
al-319	32	6	above	above	ADV
al-319	32	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	32	8	could	could	AUX
al-319	32	9	be	be	AUX
al-319	32	10	concluded	conclude	VERB
al-319	32	11	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	32	12	every	every	DET
al-319	32	13	human	human	NOUN
al-319	32	14	has	have	VERB
al-319	32	15	an	an	DET
al-319	32	16	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	32	17	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	32	18	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	32	19	personal	personal	ADJ
al-319	32	20	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	32	21	that	that	PRON
al-319	32	22	can	can	AUX
al-319	32	23	contribute	contribute	VERB
al-319	32	24	in	in	ADP
al-319	32	25	the	the	DET
al-319	32	26	language	language	NOUN
al-319	32	27	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	32	28	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	33	1	those	those	DET
al-319	33	2	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	33	3	are	be	AUX
al-319	33	4	age	age	NOUN
al-319	33	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	33	6	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	33	8	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	33	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	33	10	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	33	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	33	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	33	13	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	33	14	attitude	attitude	NOUN
al-319	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	33	16	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	33	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	33	18	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	33	19	styles	style	NOUN
al-319	33	20	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	33	21	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	33	22	etc	etc	X
al-319	33	23	.	.	X
al-319	34	1	with	with	ADP
al-319	34	2	regard	regard	NOUN
al-319	34	3	to	to	ADP
al-319	34	4	it	it	PRON
al-319	34	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	34	6	this	this	DET
al-319	34	7	paper	paper	NOUN
al-319	34	8	attempts	attempt	VERB
al-319	34	9	to	to	PART
al-319	34	10	explore	explore	VERB
al-319	34	11	the	the	DET
al-319	34	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
al-319	34	13	framework	framework	NOUN
al-319	34	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	34	15	the	the	DET
al-319	34	16	role	role	NOUN
al-319	34	17	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	34	18	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	34	19	in	in	ADP
al-319	34	20	language	language	NOUN
al-319	34	21	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	34	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	35	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	35	2	other	other	ADJ
al-319	35	3	words	word	NOUN
al-319	35	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	35	5	this	this	DET
al-319	35	6	paper	paper	NOUN
al-319	35	7	specifies	specifie	NOUN
al-319	35	8	on	on	ADP
al-319	35	9	promoting	promote	VERB
al-319	35	10	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
al-319	35	11	justifications	justification	NOUN
al-319	35	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	35	13	the	the	DET
al-319	35	14	role	role	NOUN
al-319	35	15	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	35	16	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	35	17	in	in	ADP
al-319	35	18	second	second	ADJ
al-319	35	19	language	language	NOUN
al-319	35	20	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	35	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	36	1	b.	b.	PROPN
al-319	36	2	individual	individual	PROPN
al-319	36	3	characteristics	characteristics	PROPN
al-319	36	4	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	36	5	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	36	6	among	among	ADP
al-319	36	7	second	second	ADJ
al-319	36	8	language	language	NOUN
al-319	36	9	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	36	10	are	be	AUX
al-319	36	11	a	a	DET
al-319	36	12	prominent	prominent	ADJ
al-319	36	13	feature	feature	NOUN
al-319	36	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	36	15	sla	sla	PROPN
al-319	36	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	36	17	because	because	SCONJ
al-319	36	18	a	a	DET
al-319	36	19	great	great	ADJ
al-319	36	20	deal	deal	NOUN
al-319	36	21	of	of	ADP
al-319	36	22	the	the	DET
al-319	36	23	variation	variation	NOUN
al-319	36	24	in	in	ADP
al-319	36	25	language	language	NOUN
al-319	36	26	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
al-319	36	27	is	be	AUX
al-319	36	28	attributable	attributable	ADJ
al-319	36	29	to	to	ADP
al-319	36	30	various	various	ADJ
al-319	36	31	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	36	32	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	36	33	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	37	1	1	1	X
al-319	37	2	.	.	X
al-319	37	3	age	age	VERB
al-319	37	4	the	the	DET
al-319	37	5	effect	effect	NOUN
al-319	37	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	37	7	age	age	NOUN
al-319	37	8	on	on	ADP
al-319	37	9	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	37	10	a	a	DET
al-319	37	11	second	second	ADJ
al-319	37	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	37	13	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	37	14	commonly	commonly	ADV
al-319	37	15	known	know	VERB
al-319	37	16	as	as	ADP
al-319	37	17	the	the	DET
al-319	37	18	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	37	19	period	period	NOUN
al-319	37	20	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	37	21	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	37	22	hph	hph	PROPN
al-319	37	23	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	37	24	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	37	25	is	be	AUX
al-319	37	26	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
al-319	37	27	one	one	NUM
al-319	37	28	of	of	ADP
al-319	37	29	the	the	DET
al-319	37	30	most	most	ADV
al-319	37	31	controversial	controversial	ADJ
al-319	37	32	research	research	NOUN
al-319	37	33	topics	topic	NOUN
al-319	37	34	in	in	ADP
al-319	37	35	the	the	DET
al-319	37	36	area	area	NOUN
al-319	37	37	of	of	ADP
al-319	37	38	second	second	ADJ
al-319	37	39	language	language	NOUN
al-319	37	40	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	37	41	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	37	42	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	37	43	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	37	44	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	38	1	the	the	DET
al-319	38	2	concept	concept	NOUN
al-319	38	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	38	4	cph	cph	PROPN
al-319	38	5	is	be	AUX
al-319	38	6	conceptualized	conceptualize	VERB
al-319	38	7	by	by	ADP
al-319	38	8	the	the	DET
al-319	38	9	general	general	ADJ
al-319	38	10	public	public	NOUN
al-319	38	11	as	as	SCONJ
al-319	38	12	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	38	13	earlier	early	ADV
al-319	38	14	is	be	AUX
al-319	38	15	the	the	DET
al-319	38	16	better	well	ADJ
al-319	38	17	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	38	18	in	in	ADP
al-319	38	19	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	38	20	attainment	attainment	NOUN
al-319	38	21	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	38	22	is	be	AUX
al-319	38	23	so	so	ADV
al-319	38	24	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
al-319	38	25	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	38	26	it	it	PRON
al-319	38	27	appears	appear	VERB
al-319	38	28	to	to	PART
al-319	38	29	have	have	AUX
al-319	38	30	become	become	VERB
al-319	38	31	a	a	DET
al-319	38	32	folk	folk	NOUN
al-319	38	33	psychology	psychology	NOUN
al-319	38	34	theory	theory	NOUN
al-319	38	35	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	38	36	becky	becky	PROPN
al-319	38	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	38	38	2013	2013	NUM
al-319	38	39	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	38	40	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	39	1	the	the	DET
al-319	39	2	age	age	NOUN
al-319	39	3	variable	variable	NOUN
al-319	39	4	examined	examine	VERB
al-319	39	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	39	6	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	39	7	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	39	8	is	be	AUX
al-319	39	9	usually	usually	ADV
al-319	39	10	the	the	DET
al-319	39	11	age	age	NOUN
al-319	39	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	39	13	first	first	ADJ
al-319	39	14	exposure	exposure	NOUN
al-319	39	15	to	to	ADP
al-319	39	16	the	the	DET
al-319	39	17	target	target	NOUN
al-319	39	18	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	39	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	40	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	40	2	studied	studied	ADJ
al-319	40	3	examining	examine	VERB
al-319	40	4	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
al-319	40	5	populations	population	NOUN
al-319	40	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	40	7	this	this	PRON
al-319	40	8	is	be	AUX
al-319	40	9	typically	typically	ADV
al-319	40	10	indexed	index	VERB
al-319	40	11	by	by	ADP
al-319	40	12	the	the	DET
al-319	40	13	participants	participant	NOUN
al-319	40	14	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	40	15	age	age	NOUN
al-319	40	16	of	of	ADP
al-319	40	17	arrival	arrival	NOUN
al-319	40	18	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	40	19	aoa	aoa	PROPN
al-319	40	20	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	40	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	40	22	the	the	DET
al-319	40	23	host	host	NOUN
al-319	40	24	country	country	NOUN
al-319	40	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	41	1	previous	previous	ADJ
al-319	41	2	country	country	NOUN
al-319	41	3	has	have	AUX
al-319	41	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
al-319	41	5	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	41	6	aoa	aoa	PROPN
al-319	41	7	is	be	AUX
al-319	41	8	apparently	apparently	ADV
al-319	41	9	an	an	DET
al-319	41	10	important	important	ADJ
al-319	41	11	determinant	determinant	NOUN
al-319	41	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	41	13	overall	overall	ADJ
al-319	41	14	degree	degree	NOUN
al-319	41	15	of	of	ADP
al-319	41	16	foreign	foreign	ADJ
al-319	41	17	accent	accent	NOUN
al-319	41	18	in	in	ADP
al-319	41	19	the	the	DET
al-319	41	20	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	41	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	42	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	42	2	flege	flege	PROPN
al-319	42	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	42	4	munro	munro	PROPN
al-319	42	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	42	6	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	42	7	mackay	mackay	PROPN
al-319	42	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	42	9	1995a	1995a	NUM
al-319	42	10	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	42	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	43	1	as	as	ADV
al-319	43	2	well	well	ADV
al-319	43	3	as	as	ADP
al-319	43	4	degree	degree	NOUN
al-319	43	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	43	6	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
al-319	43	7	in	in	ADP
al-319	43	8	producing	produce	VERB
al-319	43	9	particular	particular	ADJ
al-319	43	10	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	43	11	consonants	consonant	NOUN
al-319	43	12	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	43	13	vowels	vowel	NOUN
al-319	43	14	.(flege	.(flege	PROPN
al-319	43	15	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	43	16	munro	munro	PROPN
al-319	43	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	43	18	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	43	19	mackay	mackay	PROPN
al-319	43	20	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	43	21	1996	1996	NUM
al-319	43	22	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	43	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	44	1	age	age	NOUN
al-319	44	2	effect	effect	NOUN
al-319	44	3	have	have	AUX
al-319	44	4	also	also	ADV
al-319	44	5	been	be	AUX
al-319	44	6	reported	report	VERB
al-319	44	7	for	for	ADP
al-319	44	8	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	44	9	of	of	ADP
al-319	44	10	english	english	PROPN
al-319	44	11	morph	morph	NOUN
al-319	44	12	syntax	syntax	NOUN
al-319	44	13	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	44	14	johnson	johnson	PROPN
al-319	44	15	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	44	16	newport	newport	PROPN
al-319	44	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	44	18	1989	1989	NUM
al-319	44	19	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	44	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	45	1	the	the	DET
al-319	45	2	observation	observation	NOUN
al-319	45	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	45	4	age	age	NOUN
al-319	45	5	effect	effect	NOUN
al-319	45	6	on	on	ADP
al-319	45	7	the	the	DET
al-319	45	8	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	45	9	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	45	10	of	of	ADP
al-319	45	11	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	45	12	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	45	13	even	even	ADV
al-319	45	14	those	those	PRON
al-319	45	15	who	who	PRON
al-319	45	16	are	be	AUX
al-319	45	17	experienced	experience	VERB
al-319	45	18	in	in	ADP
al-319	45	19	their	their	PRON
al-319	45	20	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	45	21	has	have	AUX
al-319	45	22	suggested	suggest	VERB
al-319	45	23	to	to	ADP
al-319	45	24	some	some	DET
al-319	45	25	researchers	researcher	NOUN
al-319	45	26	that	that	PRON
al-319	45	27	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	45	28	to	to	PART
al-319	45	29	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	45	30	an	an	DET
al-319	45	31	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	45	32	effectively	effectively	ADV
al-319	45	33	is	be	AUX
al-319	45	34	limited	limit	VERB
al-319	45	35	by	by	ADP
al-319	45	36	a	a	DET
al-319	45	37	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	45	38	period	period	NOUN
al-319	45	39	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	46	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	46	2	reference	reference	NOUN
al-319	46	3	to	to	ADP
al-319	46	4	the	the	DET
al-319	46	5	definitions	definition	NOUN
al-319	46	6	above	above	ADV
al-319	46	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	46	8	could	could	AUX
al-319	46	9	be	be	AUX
al-319	46	10	summarized	summarize	VERB
al-319	46	11	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	46	12	the	the	DET
al-319	46	13	age	age	NOUN
al-319	46	14	effect	effect	NOUN
al-319	46	15	on	on	ADP
al-319	46	16	second	second	ADJ
al-319	46	17	language	language	NOUN
al-319	46	18	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	46	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	47	1	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	47	2	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	47	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	47	4	a	a	DET
al-319	47	5	second	second	ADJ
al-319	47	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	47	7	who	who	PRON
al-319	47	8	started	start	VERB
al-319	47	9	sla	sla	PROPN
al-319	47	10	after	after	ADP
al-319	47	11	puberty	puberty	NOUN
al-319	47	12	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	47	13	have	have	AUX
al-319	47	14	been	be	AUX
al-319	47	15	able	able	ADJ
al-319	47	16	to	to	PART
al-319	47	17	achieve	achieve	VERB
al-319	47	18	native	native	ADJ
al-319	47	19	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
al-319	47	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	48	1	2	2	X
al-319	48	2	.	.	X
al-319	48	3	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	48	4	the	the	DET
al-319	48	5	concept	concept	NOUN
al-319	48	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	48	7	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	48	8	is	be	AUX
al-319	48	9	brought	bring	VERB
al-319	48	10	into	into	ADP
al-319	48	11	being	being	NOUN
al-319	48	12	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	48	13	it	it	PRON
al-319	48	14	is	be	AUX
al-319	48	15	matter	matter	NOUN
al-319	48	16	of	of	ADP
al-319	48	17	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	48	18	by	by	ADP
al-319	48	19	butler	butler	NOUN
al-319	48	20	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	48	21	1990	1990	NUM
al-319	48	22	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	48	23	in	in	ADP
al-319	48	24	john	john	PROPN
al-319	48	25	’s	’s	PART
al-319	48	26	article	article	PROPN
al-319	48	27	..	..	PUNCT
al-319	49	1	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	49	2	is	be	AUX
al-319	49	3	therefore	therefore	ADV
al-319	49	4	not	not	PART
al-319	49	5	something	something	PRON
al-319	49	6	you	you	PRON
al-319	49	7	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	49	8	once	once	ADV
al-319	49	9	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	49	10	for	for	ADP
al-319	49	11	at	at	ADV
al-319	49	12	all	all	DET
al-319	49	13	stage	stage	NOUN
al-319	49	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	49	15	life	life	NOUN
al-319	49	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	49	17	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	49	18	an	an	DET
al-319	49	19	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
al-319	49	20	accomplishment	accomplishment	NOUN
al-319	49	21	produced	produce	VERB
al-319	49	22	by	by	ADP
al-319	49	23	your	your	PRON
al-319	49	24	repeated	repeat	VERB
al-319	49	25	actions	action	NOUN
al-319	49	26	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	49	27	cameron,2004	cameron,2004	NOUN
al-319	49	28	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	49	29	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	50	1	language	language	NOUN
al-319	50	2	scholar	scholar	NOUN
al-319	50	3	has	have	AUX
al-319	50	4	claimed	claim	VERB
al-319	50	5	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	50	6	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	50	7	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	50	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	50	9	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	50	10	mirror	mirror	NOUN
al-319	50	11	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	50	12	reproduce	reproduce	VERB
al-319	50	13	broader	broad	ADJ
al-319	50	14	political	political	ADJ
al-319	50	15	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
al-319	50	16	between	between	ADP
al-319	50	17	the	the	DET
al-319	50	18	sexes	sex	NOUN
al-319	50	19	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	50	20	john	john	PROPN
al-319	50	21	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	50	22	1997:89	1997:89	NUM
al-319	50	23	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	50	24	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	51	1	a	a	DET
al-319	51	2	more	more	ADV
al-319	51	3	moderate	moderate	ADJ
al-319	51	4	definition	definition	NOUN
al-319	51	5	is	be	AUX
al-319	51	6	proposed	propose	VERB
al-319	51	7	by	by	ADP
al-319	51	8	oktay	oktay	PROPN
al-319	51	9	aslan	aslan	PROPN
al-319	51	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	51	11	the	the	DET
al-319	51	12	scholar	scholar	NOUN
al-319	51	13	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	51	14	especially	especially	ADV
al-319	51	15	postmodernist	postmodernist	NOUN
al-319	51	16	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	51	17	believes	believe	VERB
al-319	51	18	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	51	19	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	51	20	is	be	AUX
al-319	51	21	a	a	DET
al-319	51	22	completely	completely	ADV
al-319	51	23	different	different	ADJ
al-319	51	24	concept	concept	NOUN
al-319	51	25	from	from	ADP
al-319	51	26	sex	sex	NOUN
al-319	51	27	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	51	28	it	it	PRON
al-319	51	29	is	be	AUX
al-319	51	30	not	not	PART
al-319	51	31	a	a	DET
al-319	51	32	biological	biological	ADJ
al-319	51	33	fact	fact	NOUN
al-319	51	34	at	at	ADP
al-319	51	35	all	all	PRON
al-319	51	36	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	51	37	2009	2009	NUM
al-319	51	38	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	51	39	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	52	1	although	although	SCONJ
al-319	52	2	the	the	DET
al-319	52	3	words	word	NOUN
al-319	52	4	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	52	5	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	52	6	sex	sex	NOUN
al-319	52	7	both	both	PRON
al-319	52	8	have	have	VERB
al-319	52	9	the	the	DET
al-319	52	10	sense	sense	NOUN
al-319	52	11	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	52	12	the	the	DET
al-319	52	13	state	state	NOUN
al-319	52	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	52	15	being	be	AUX
al-319	52	16	male	male	ADJ
al-319	52	17	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	52	18	female	female	NOUN
al-319	52	19	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	52	20	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	52	21	they	they	PRON
al-319	52	22	are	be	AUX
al-319	52	23	typically	typically	ADV
al-319	52	24	used	use	VERB
al-319	52	25	in	in	ADP
al-319	52	26	slightly	slightly	ADV
al-319	52	27	different	different	ADJ
al-319	52	28	ways	way	NOUN
al-319	52	29	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	52	30	sex	sex	NOUN
al-319	52	31	tends	tend	VERB
al-319	52	32	to	to	PART
al-319	52	33	refer	refer	VERB
al-319	52	34	to	to	ADP
al-319	52	35	biological	biological	ADJ
al-319	52	36	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	52	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	52	38	while	while	SCONJ
al-319	52	39	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	52	40	refers	refer	VERB
al-319	52	41	to	to	ADP
al-319	52	42	culture	culture	NOUN
al-319	52	43	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	52	44	social	social	ADJ
al-319	52	45	ones	one	NOUN
al-319	52	46	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	53	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	53	2	line	line	NOUN
al-319	53	3	with	with	ADP
al-319	53	4	oxford	oxford	PROPN
al-319	53	5	dictionaries	dictionary	NOUN
al-319	53	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	53	7	language	language	NOUN
al-319	53	8	matter	matter	NOUN
al-319	53	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	53	10	2014	2014	NUM
al-319	53	11	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	53	12	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	54	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
al-319	54	2	social	social	ADJ
al-319	54	3	context	context	NOUN
al-319	54	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	54	5	culture	culture	NOUN
al-319	54	6	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	54	7	principle	principle	NOUN
al-319	54	8	of	of	ADP
al-319	54	9	each	each	DET
al-319	54	10	society	society	NOUN
al-319	54	11	shape	shape	NOUN
al-319	54	12	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	54	13	identity	identity	NOUN
al-319	54	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	54	15	people	people	NOUN
al-319	54	16	accompanied	accompany	VERB
al-319	54	17	with	with	ADP
al-319	54	18	unique	unique	ADJ
al-319	54	19	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	54	20	experience	experience	NOUN
al-319	54	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	55	1	contrary	contrary	ADJ
al-319	55	2	with	with	ADP
al-319	55	3	the	the	DET
al-319	55	4	current	current	ADJ
al-319	55	5	study	study	NOUN
al-319	55	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	55	7	the	the	DET
al-319	55	8	term	term	NOUN
al-319	55	9	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	55	10	is	be	AUX
al-319	55	11	used	use	VERB
al-319	55	12	following	follow	VERB
al-319	55	13	this	this	DET
al-319	55	14	conceptualization	conceptualization	NOUN
al-319	55	15	of	of	ADP
al-319	55	16	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	55	17	which	which	PRON
al-319	55	18	is	be	AUX
al-319	55	19	defined	define	VERB
al-319	55	20	as	as	ADP
al-319	55	21	culturally	culturally	ADV
al-319	55	22	constructed	construct	VERB
al-319	55	23	male	male	ADJ
al-319	55	24	identity	identity	NOUN
al-319	55	25	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	55	26	female	female	ADJ
al-319	55	27	identity	identity	NOUN
al-319	55	28	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	55	29	not	not	PART
al-319	55	30	the	the	DET
al-319	55	31	biological	biological	ADJ
al-319	55	32	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	55	33	between	between	ADP
al-319	55	34	male	male	NOUN
al-319	55	35	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	55	36	female.(leyla	female.(leyla	NUM
al-319	55	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	55	38	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	55	39	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	55	40	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	56	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	56	2	language	language	NOUN
al-319	56	3	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	56	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	56	5	parents	parent	NOUN
al-319	56	6	may	may	AUX
al-319	56	7	have	have	AUX
al-319	56	8	followed	follow	VERB
al-319	56	9	stereotype	stereotype	NOUN
al-319	56	10	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	56	11	girls	girl	NOUN
al-319	56	12	are	be	AUX
al-319	56	13	more	more	ADV
al-319	56	14	emotional	emotional	ADJ
al-319	56	15	than	than	ADP
al-319	56	16	boys	boy	NOUN
al-319	56	17	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	56	18	brody	brody	PROPN
al-319	56	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	56	20	1985	1985	NUM
al-319	56	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	56	22	ana	ana	PROPN
al-319	56	23	aznar	aznar	PROPN
al-319	56	24	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	56	25	2014:153	2014:153	PROPN
al-319	56	26	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	56	27	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	57	1	girls	girl	NOUN
al-319	57	2	may	may	AUX
al-319	57	3	be	be	AUX
al-319	57	4	socialized	socialize	VERB
al-319	57	5	early	early	ADV
al-319	57	6	into	into	ADP
al-319	57	7	a	a	DET
al-319	57	8	socioemotional	socioemotional	ADJ
al-319	57	9	orientation	orientation	NOUN
al-319	57	10	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
al-319	57	11	emotional	emotional	ADJ
al-319	57	12	expressivity	expressivity	NOUN
al-319	57	13	making	make	VERB
al-319	57	14	them	they	PRON
al-319	57	15	more	more	ADV
al-319	57	16	socially	socially	ADV
al-319	57	17	mature	mature	ADJ
al-319	57	18	than	than	ADP
al-319	57	19	boys	boy	NOUN
al-319	57	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	58	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
al-319	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	58	3	parents	parent	NOUN
al-319	58	4	may	may	AUX
al-319	58	5	have	have	AUX
al-319	58	6	responded	respond	VERB
al-319	58	7	differently	differently	ADV
al-319	58	8	to	to	ADP
al-319	58	9	children	child	NOUN
al-319	58	10	at	at	ADP
al-319	58	11	this	this	DET
al-319	58	12	age	age	NOUN
al-319	58	13	because	because	SCONJ
al-319	58	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	58	15	the	the	DET
al-319	58	16	greater	great	ADJ
al-319	58	17	proclivity	proclivity	NOUN
al-319	58	18	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	58	19	3	3	NUM
al-319	58	20	to	to	PART
al-319	58	21	4	4	NUM
al-319	58	22	year	year	NOUN
al-319	58	23	old	old	ADJ
al-319	58	24	girls	girl	NOUN
al-319	58	25	show	show	NOUN
al-319	58	26	compared	compare	VERB
al-319	58	27	to	to	ADP
al-319	58	28	boys	boy	NOUN
al-319	58	29	in	in	ADP
al-319	58	30	understanding	understand	VERB
al-319	58	31	display	display	NOUN
al-319	58	32	rules	rule	NOUN
al-319	58	33	that	that	PRON
al-319	58	34	affect	affect	VERB
al-319	58	35	emotional	emotional	ADJ
al-319	58	36	reactions	reaction	NOUN
al-319	58	37	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	59	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	59	2	of	of	ADP
al-319	59	3	this	this	PRON
al-319	59	4	proposed	propose	VERB
al-319	59	5	by	by	ADP
al-319	59	6	robin	robin	PROPN
al-319	59	7	lakoft	lakoft	VERB
al-319	59	8	an	an	DET
al-319	59	9	american	american	ADJ
al-319	59	10	linguist	linguist	NOUN
al-319	59	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	59	12	argued	argue	VERB
al-319	59	13	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	59	14	woman	woman	NOUN
al-319	59	15	’s	’s	PART
al-319	59	16	speech	speech	NOUN
al-319	59	17	lacks	lack	VERB
al-319	59	18	authority	authority	NOUN
al-319	59	19	because	because	SCONJ
al-319	59	20	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	59	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	59	22	order	order	NOUN
al-319	59	23	to	to	PART
al-319	59	24	become	become	VERB
al-319	59	25	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	59	26	feminine	feminine	NOUN
al-319	59	27	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	59	28	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	59	29	woman	woman	NOUN
al-319	59	30	must	must	AUX
al-319	59	31	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	59	32	to	to	PART
al-319	59	33	adopt	adopt	VERB
al-319	59	34	an	an	DET
al-319	59	35	unassertive	unassertive	ADJ
al-319	59	36	style	style	NOUN
al-319	59	37	of	of	ADP
al-319	59	38	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	59	39	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	60	1	that	that	PRON
al-319	60	2	is	is	ADV
al-319	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	60	4	they	they	PRON
al-319	60	5	must	must	AUX
al-319	60	6	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	60	7	to	to	PART
al-319	60	8	denude	denude	VERB
al-319	60	9	their	their	PRON
al-319	60	10	statement	statement	NOUN
al-319	60	11	of	of	ADP
al-319	60	12	declarative	declarative	ADJ
al-319	60	13	force	force	NOUN
al-319	60	14	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	60	15	john	john	PROPN
al-319	60	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	60	17	1997:90	1997:90	NUM
al-319	60	18	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	60	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	61	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	61	2	general	general	ADJ
al-319	61	3	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	61	4	men	man	NOUN
al-319	61	5	’s	’s	PART
al-319	61	6	speech	speech	NOUN
al-319	61	7	more	more	ADV
al-319	61	8	frequently	frequently	ADV
al-319	61	9	uses	use	VERB
al-319	61	10	language	language	NOUN
al-319	61	11	reflecting	reflect	VERB
al-319	61	12	a	a	DET
al-319	61	13	dominance	dominance	NOUN
al-319	61	14	hierarchy	hierarchy	NOUN
al-319	61	15	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	61	16	such	such	ADJ
al-319	61	17	as	as	ADP
al-319	61	18	use	use	NOUN
al-319	61	19	of	of	ADP
al-319	61	20	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
al-319	61	21	terms	term	NOUN
al-319	61	22	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	61	23	negative	negative	ADJ
al-319	61	24	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	61	25	judgmental	judgmental	ADJ
al-319	61	26	adjectives	adjective	NOUN
al-319	61	27	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	62	1	women	woman	NOUN
al-319	62	2	tend	tend	VERB
al-319	62	3	to	to	PART
al-319	62	4	use	use	VERB
al-319	62	5	language	language	NOUN
al-319	62	6	that	that	PRON
al-319	62	7	reflects	reflect	VERB
al-319	62	8	a	a	DET
al-319	62	9	communal	communal	ADJ
al-319	62	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	62	11	non	non	ADJ
al-319	62	12	-	-	ADJ
al-319	62	13	confrontation	confrontation	ADJ
al-319	62	14	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	62	15	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	62	16	such	such	ADJ
al-319	62	17	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	62	18	women	woman	NOUN
al-319	62	19	’s	’s	PART
al-319	62	20	speech	speech	NOUN
al-319	62	21	contains	contain	VERB
al-319	62	22	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	62	23	such	such	ADJ
al-319	62	24	as	as	ADP
al-319	62	25	the	the	DET
al-319	62	26	use	use	NOUN
al-319	62	27	of	of	ADP
al-319	62	28	hedge	hedge	NOUN
al-319	62	29	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	62	30	emotional	emotional	ADJ
al-319	62	31	references	reference	NOUN
al-319	62	32	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	62	33	karen	karen	PROPN
al-319	62	34	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	62	35	20015:418	20015:418	NUM
al-319	62	36	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	62	37	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	63	1	lackoff	lackoff	PROPN
al-319	63	2	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	63	3	1975	1975	NUM
al-319	63	4	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	63	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	63	6	mohmoud	mohmoud	PROPN
al-319	63	7	’s	’s	PART
al-319	63	8	article	article	NOUN
al-319	63	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	63	10	shows	show	VERB
al-319	63	11	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	63	12	between	between	ADP
al-319	63	13	the	the	DET
al-319	63	14	speech	speech	NOUN
al-319	63	15	of	of	ADP
al-319	63	16	male	male	ADJ
al-319	63	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	63	18	female	female	NOUN
al-319	63	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	64	1	he	he	PRON
al-319	64	2	claims	claim	VERB
al-319	64	3	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	64	4	women	woman	NOUN
al-319	64	5	use	use	VERB
al-319	64	6	more	more	ADJ
al-319	64	7	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
al-319	64	8	elements	element	NOUN
al-319	64	9	than	than	ADP
al-319	64	10	men	man	NOUN
al-319	64	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	64	12	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	64	13	their	their	PRON
al-319	64	14	use	use	NOUN
al-319	64	15	the	the	DET
al-319	64	16	lexical	lexical	ADJ
al-319	64	17	category	category	NOUN
al-319	64	18	is	be	AUX
al-319	64	19	to	to	ADP
al-319	64	20	somehow	somehow	ADV
al-319	64	21	different	different	ADJ
al-319	64	22	from	from	ADP
al-319	64	23	that	that	PRON
al-319	64	24	of	of	ADP
al-319	64	25	men	man	NOUN
al-319	64	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	65	1	brown	brown	PROPN
al-319	65	2	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	65	3	1980	1980	NUM
al-319	65	4	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	65	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	65	6	mohmoud	mohmoud	NOUN
al-319	65	7	’s	’s	PART
al-319	65	8	article	article	NOUN
al-319	65	9	studied	study	VERB
al-319	65	10	the	the	DET
al-319	65	11	use	use	NOUN
al-319	65	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	65	13	particles	particle	NOUN
al-319	65	14	between	between	ADP
al-319	65	15	men	man	NOUN
al-319	65	16	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	65	17	women	woman	NOUN
al-319	65	18	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	65	19	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	65	20	came	come	VERB
al-319	65	21	to	to	ADP
al-319	65	22	this	this	DET
al-319	65	23	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
al-319	65	24	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	65	25	women	woman	NOUN
al-319	65	26	use	use	VERB
al-319	65	27	more	more	ADJ
al-319	65	28	particles	particle	NOUN
al-319	65	29	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	65	30	they	they	PRON
al-319	65	31	communicate	communicate	VERB
al-319	65	32	with	with	ADP
al-319	65	33	their	their	PRON
al-319	65	34	same	same	ADJ
al-319	65	35	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	65	36	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	66	1	he	he	PRON
al-319	66	2	shows	show	VERB
al-319	66	3	the	the	DET
al-319	66	4	type	type	NOUN
al-319	66	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	66	6	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	66	7	effects	effect	NOUN
al-319	66	8	on	on	ADP
al-319	66	9	choosing	choose	VERB
al-319	66	10	the	the	DET
al-319	66	11	type	type	NOUN
al-319	66	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	66	13	particles	particle	NOUN
al-319	66	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	67	1	tennen	tennen	NOUN
al-319	67	2	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	67	3	1995	1995	NUM
al-319	67	4	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	67	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	67	6	mohmoud	mohmoud	PROPN
al-319	67	7	’s	’s	PART
al-319	67	8	article	article	NOUN
al-319	67	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	67	10	believes	believe	VERB
al-319	67	11	male	male	ADJ
al-319	67	12	students	student	NOUN
al-319	67	13	have	have	VERB
al-319	67	14	more	more	ADJ
al-319	67	15	participation	participation	NOUN
al-319	67	16	in	in	ADP
al-319	67	17	class	class	NOUN
al-319	67	18	discourse	discourse	NOUN
al-319	67	19	than	than	ADP
al-319	67	20	female	female	ADJ
al-319	67	21	students	student	NOUN
al-319	67	22	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	67	23	male	male	ADJ
al-319	67	24	students	student	NOUN
al-319	67	25	prefer	prefer	VERB
al-319	67	26	to	to	PART
al-319	67	27	ask	ask	VERB
al-319	67	28	more	more	ADJ
al-319	67	29	questions	question	NOUN
al-319	67	30	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	67	31	their	their	PRON
al-319	67	32	female	female	ADJ
al-319	67	33	counterpart	counterpart	NOUN
al-319	67	34	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	67	35	they	they	PRON
al-319	67	36	have	have	VERB
al-319	67	37	more	more	ADJ
al-319	67	38	relationship	relationship	NOUN
al-319	67	39	with	with	ADP
al-319	67	40	their	their	PRON
al-319	67	41	teachers	teacher	NOUN
al-319	67	42	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	68	1	tennen	tennen	NOUN
al-319	68	2	claims	claim	VERB
al-319	68	3	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	68	4	the	the	DET
al-319	68	5	cause	cause	NOUN
al-319	68	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	68	7	this	this	DET
al-319	68	8	participation	participation	NOUN
al-319	68	9	in	in	ADP
al-319	68	10	class	class	NOUN
al-319	68	11	discourses	discourse	NOUN
al-319	68	12	is	be	AUX
al-319	68	13	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	68	14	the	the	DET
al-319	68	15	society	society	NOUN
al-319	68	16	expect	expect	VERB
al-319	68	17	them	they	PRON
al-319	68	18	to	to	PART
al-319	68	19	play	play	VERB
al-319	68	20	this	this	DET
al-319	68	21	role	role	NOUN
al-319	68	22	in	in	ADP
al-319	68	23	real	real	ADJ
al-319	68	24	life	life	NOUN
al-319	68	25	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	68	26	so	so	CCONJ
al-319	68	27	the	the	DET
al-319	68	28	male	male	ADJ
al-319	68	29	students	student	NOUN
al-319	68	30	are	be	AUX
al-319	68	31	practicing	practice	VERB
al-319	68	32	the	the	DET
al-319	68	33	role	role	NOUN
al-319	68	34	which	which	PRON
al-319	68	35	they	they	PRON
al-319	68	36	should	should	AUX
al-319	68	37	undertake	undertake	VERB
al-319	68	38	in	in	ADP
al-319	68	39	future	future	NOUN
al-319	68	40	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	69	1	wardhaugh	wardhaugh	ADV
al-319	69	2	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	69	3	2006	2006	NUM
al-319	69	4	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	69	5	believes	believe	VERB
al-319	69	6	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	69	7	the	the	DET
al-319	69	8	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	69	9	between	between	ADP
al-319	69	10	male	male	ADJ
al-319	69	11	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	69	12	female	female	ADJ
al-319	69	13	speeches	speech	NOUN
al-319	69	14	are	be	AUX
al-319	69	15	the	the	DET
al-319	69	16	result	result	NOUN
al-319	69	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	69	18	the	the	DET
al-319	69	19	social	social	ADJ
al-319	69	20	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	69	21	between	between	ADP
al-319	69	22	the	the	DET
al-319	69	23	male	male	ADJ
al-319	69	24	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	69	25	female	female	NOUN
al-319	69	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	70	1	he	he	PRON
al-319	70	2	cites	cite	VERB
al-319	70	3	the	the	DET
al-319	70	4	tendency	tendency	NOUN
al-319	70	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	70	6	both	both	DET
al-319	70	7	type	type	NOUN
al-319	70	8	of	of	ADP
al-319	70	9	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	70	10	in	in	ADP
al-319	70	11	choosing	choose	VERB
al-319	70	12	the	the	DET
al-319	70	13	topic	topic	NOUN
al-319	70	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	70	15	conversation	conversation	NOUN
al-319	70	16	is	be	AUX
al-319	70	17	related	relate	VERB
al-319	70	18	to	to	ADP
al-319	70	19	their	their	PRON
al-319	70	20	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	70	21	interests	interest	NOUN
al-319	70	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	71	1	furthermo.re	furthermo.re	X
al-319	71	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	71	3	he	he	PRON
al-319	71	4	dismisses	dismiss	VERB
al-319	71	5	any	any	DET
al-319	71	6	vigorous	vigorous	ADJ
al-319	71	7	remarks	remark	NOUN
al-319	71	8	on	on	ADP
al-319	71	9	comparison	comparison	NOUN
al-319	71	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	71	11	contrast	contrast	NOUN
al-319	71	12	between	between	ADP
al-319	71	13	men	man	NOUN
al-319	71	14	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	71	15	women	woman	NOUN
al-319	71	16	paying	pay	VERB
al-319	71	17	attention	attention	NOUN
al-319	71	18	to	to	ADP
al-319	71	19	context	context	NOUN
al-319	71	20	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	71	21	mohmoud	mohmoud	ADJ
al-319	71	22	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	71	23	2015:54	2015:54	NUM
al-319	71	24	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	71	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	72	1	3	3	X
al-319	72	2	.	.	X
al-319	72	3	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	72	4	the	the	DET
al-319	72	5	term	term	NOUN
al-319	72	6	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	72	7	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	72	8	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	72	9	has	have	AUX
al-319	72	10	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
al-319	72	11	been	be	AUX
al-319	72	12	used	use	VERB
al-319	72	13	to	to	PART
al-319	72	14	refer	refer	VERB
al-319	72	15	to	to	ADP
al-319	72	16	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	72	17	on	on	ADP
al-319	72	18	certain	certain	ADJ
al-319	72	19	kinds	kind	NOUN
al-319	72	20	of	of	ADP
al-319	72	21	tests	test	NOUN
al-319	72	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	73	1	these	these	DET
al-319	73	2	tests	test	NOUN
al-319	73	3	are	be	AUX
al-319	73	4	often	often	ADV
al-319	73	5	associated	associate	VERB
al-319	73	6	with	with	ADP
al-319	73	7	success	success	NOUN
al-319	73	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	73	9	school	school	NOUN
al-319	73	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	73	11	a	a	DET
al-319	73	12	link	link	NOUN
al-319	73	13	between	between	ADP
al-319	73	14	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	73	15	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	73	16	second	second	ADJ
al-319	73	17	language	language	NOUN
al-319	73	18	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	73	19	has	have	AUX
al-319	73	20	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
al-319	73	21	been	be	AUX
al-319	73	22	reported	report	VERB
al-319	73	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	74	1	over	over	ADP
al-319	74	2	the	the	DET
al-319	74	3	years	year	NOUN
al-319	74	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	74	5	some	some	DET
al-319	74	6	research	research	NOUN
al-319	74	7	has	have	AUX
al-319	74	8	shown	show	VERB
al-319	74	9	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	74	10	iq	iq	PROPN
al-319	74	11	scores	score	NOUN
al-319	74	12	were	be	AUX
al-319	74	13	a	a	DET
al-319	74	14	good	good	ADJ
al-319	74	15	means	mean	NOUN
al-319	74	16	of	of	ADP
al-319	74	17	predicting	predict	VERB
al-319	74	18	success	success	NOUN
al-319	74	19	in	in	ADP
al-319	74	20	second	second	ADJ
al-319	74	21	language	language	NOUN
al-319	74	22	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	74	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	75	1	however	however	ADV
al-319	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	75	3	as	as	SCONJ
al-319	75	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
al-319	75	5	above	above	ADV
al-319	75	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	75	7	iq	iq	PROPN
al-319	75	8	test	test	NOUN
al-319	75	9	may	may	AUX
al-319	75	10	be	be	AUX
al-319	75	11	more	more	ADV
al-319	75	12	strongly	strongly	ADV
al-319	75	13	related	relate	VERB
al-319	75	14	to	to	ADP
al-319	75	15	meta	meta	VERB
al-319	75	16	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
al-319	75	17	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
al-319	75	18	than	than	ADP
al-319	75	19	to	to	ADP
al-319	75	20	communicative	communicative	ADJ
al-319	75	21	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	75	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	76	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
al-319	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	76	3	many	many	ADJ
al-319	76	4	students	student	NOUN
al-319	76	5	whose	whose	DET
al-319	76	6	general	general	ADJ
al-319	76	7	academic	academic	ADJ
al-319	76	8	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	76	9	is	be	AUX
al-319	76	10	weak	weak	ADJ
al-319	76	11	experience	experience	NOUN
al-319	76	12	considerable	considerable	ADJ
al-319	76	13	success	success	NOUN
al-319	76	14	in	in	ADP
al-319	76	15	second	second	ADJ
al-319	76	16	language	language	NOUN
al-319	76	17	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	76	18	if	if	SCONJ
al-319	76	19	they	they	PRON
al-319	76	20	are	be	AUX
al-319	76	21	given	give	VERB
al-319	76	22	the	the	DET
al-319	76	23	right	right	ADJ
al-319	76	24	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
al-319	76	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	77	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	77	2	recent	recent	ADJ
al-319	77	3	years	year	NOUN
al-319	77	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	77	5	many	many	ADJ
al-319	77	6	educators	educator	NOUN
al-319	77	7	have	have	AUX
al-319	77	8	been	be	AUX
al-319	77	9	influenced	influence	VERB
al-319	77	10	by	by	ADP
al-319	77	11	howard	howard	PROPN
al-319	77	12	gardnes	gardne	NOUN
al-319	77	13	’s	’s	PART
al-319	77	14	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	77	15	1991	1991	NUM
al-319	77	16	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	77	17	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	78	1	proposal	proposal	NOUN
al-319	78	2	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	78	3	individuals	individual	NOUN
al-319	78	4	have	have	VERB
al-319	78	5	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	78	6	multiple	multiple	ADJ
al-319	78	7	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	78	8	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	78	9	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	78	10	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	78	11	traditional	traditional	ADJ
al-319	78	12	iq	iq	NOUN
al-319	78	13	tests	test	NOUN
al-319	78	14	have	have	AUX
al-319	78	15	assessed	assess	VERB
al-319	78	16	only	only	ADV
al-319	78	17	a	a	DET
al-319	78	18	limited	limited	ADJ
al-319	78	19	range	range	NOUN
al-319	78	20	of	of	ADP
al-319	78	21	abilities	ability	NOUN
al-319	78	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	79	1	among	among	ADP
al-319	79	2	the	the	DET
al-319	79	3	multiple	multiple	ADJ
al-319	79	4	intelligences	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	79	5	gardner	gardner	NOUN
al-319	79	6	includes	include	VERB
al-319	79	7	abilities	ability	NOUN
al-319	79	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	79	9	the	the	DET
al-319	79	10	areas	area	NOUN
al-319	79	11	of	of	ADP
al-319	79	12	music	music	NOUN
al-319	79	13	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	79	14	interpersonal	interpersonal	ADJ
al-319	79	15	relations	relation	NOUN
al-319	79	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	79	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	79	18	athletics	athletic	NOUN
al-319	79	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	79	20	as	as	ADV
al-319	79	21	well	well	ADV
al-319	79	22	as	as	ADP
al-319	79	23	the	the	DET
al-319	79	24	verbal	verbal	ADJ
al-319	79	25	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
al-319	79	26	that	that	PRON
al-319	79	27	is	be	AUX
al-319	79	28	most	most	ADV
al-319	79	29	often	often	ADV
al-319	79	30	associated	associate	VERB
al-319	79	31	with	with	ADP
al-319	79	32	success	success	NOUN
al-319	79	33	in	in	ADP
al-319	79	34	school	school	NOUN
al-319	79	35	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	80	1	4	4	X
al-319	80	2	.	.	NOUN
al-319	80	3	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	80	4	specific	specific	ADJ
al-319	80	5	abilities	ability	NOUN
al-319	80	6	thought	think	VERB
al-319	80	7	to	to	PART
al-319	80	8	predict	predict	VERB
al-319	80	9	success	success	NOUN
al-319	80	10	in	in	ADP
al-319	80	11	language	language	NOUN
al-319	80	12	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	80	13	have	have	AUX
al-319	80	14	been	be	AUX
al-319	80	15	studied	study	VERB
al-319	80	16	under	under	ADP
al-319	80	17	the	the	DET
al-319	80	18	titles	title	NOUN
al-319	80	19	of	of	ADP
al-319	80	20	language	language	NOUN
al-319	80	21	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	80	22	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	80	23	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	80	24	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	80	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	81	1	one	one	NUM
al-319	81	2	of	of	ADP
al-319	81	3	the	the	DET
al-319	81	4	pioneers	pioneer	NOUN
al-319	81	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	81	6	this	this	DET
al-319	81	7	area	area	NOUN
al-319	81	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	81	9	john	john	PROPN
al-319	81	10	carroll	carroll	PROPN
al-319	81	11	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	81	12	1991	1991	NUM
al-319	81	13	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	81	14	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	81	15	has	have	AUX
al-319	81	16	characterized	characterize	VERB
al-319	81	17	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	81	18	in	in	ADP
al-319	81	19	term	term	NOUN
al-319	81	20	of	of	ADP
al-319	81	21	the	the	DET
al-319	81	22	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	81	23	to	to	PART
al-319	81	24	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	81	25	quickly	quickly	ADV
al-319	81	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	82	1	thus	thus	ADV
al-319	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	82	3	we	we	PRON
al-319	82	4	may	may	AUX
al-319	82	5	hypothesize	hypothesize	VERB
al-319	82	6	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	82	7	a	a	DET
al-319	82	8	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	82	9	with	with	ADP
al-319	82	10	high	high	ADJ
al-319	82	11	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	82	12	may	may	AUX
al-319	82	13	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	82	14	with	with	ADP
al-319	82	15	greater	great	ADJ
al-319	82	16	ease	ease	NOUN
al-319	82	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	82	18	speed	speed	NOUN
al-319	82	19	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	82	20	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	82	21	other	other	ADJ
al-319	82	22	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	82	23	may	may	AUX
al-319	82	24	also	also	ADV
al-319	82	25	be	be	AUX
al-319	82	26	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	82	27	if	if	SCONJ
al-319	82	28	they	they	PRON
al-319	82	29	persevere	persevere	VERB
al-319	82	30	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	83	1	over	over	ADP
al-319	83	2	several	several	ADJ
al-319	83	3	decades	decade	NOUN
al-319	83	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	83	5	the	the	DET
al-319	83	6	most	most	ADV
al-319	83	7	widely	widely	ADV
al-319	83	8	used	use	VERB
al-319	83	9	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	83	10	test	test	NOUN
al-319	83	11	have	have	AUX
al-319	83	12	been	be	AUX
al-319	83	13	the	the	DET
al-319	83	14	modern	modern	ADJ
al-319	83	15	language	language	NOUN
al-319	83	16	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	83	17	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	83	18	mlat	mlat	NOUN
al-319	83	19	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	83	20	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	83	21	carroll	carroll	NOUN
al-319	83	22	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	83	23	sapon	sapon	ADV
al-319	83	24	1959	1959	NUM
al-319	83	25	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	83	26	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	83	27	the	the	DET
al-319	83	28	pimsleur	pimsleur	PROPN
al-319	83	29	language	language	PROPN
al-319	83	30	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	83	31	battery	battery	NOUN
al-319	83	32	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	83	33	plab	plab	PROPN
al-319	83	34	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	83	35	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	83	36	pimsler	pimsler	NOUN
al-319	83	37	1996	1996	NUM
al-319	83	38	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	83	39	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	84	1	recently	recently	ADV
al-319	84	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	84	3	paul	paul	PROPN
al-319	84	4	meare	meare	PROPN
al-319	84	5	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	84	6	2005a	2005a	NUM
al-319	84	7	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	84	8	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	84	9	his	his	PRON
al-319	84	10	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
al-319	84	11	has	have	AUX
al-319	84	12	developed	develop	VERB
al-319	84	13	test	test	NOUN
al-319	84	14	that	that	PRON
al-319	84	15	are	be	AUX
al-319	84	16	taken	take	VERB
al-319	84	17	on	on	ADP
al-319	84	18	computer	computer	NOUN
al-319	84	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	85	1	peter	peter	PROPN
al-319	85	2	skehan	skehan	PROPN
al-319	85	3	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	85	4	1989	1989	NUM
al-319	85	5	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	85	6	argues	argue	VERB
al-319	85	7	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	85	8	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	85	9	language	language	NOUN
al-319	85	10	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	85	11	may	may	AUX
al-319	85	12	not	not	PART
al-319	85	13	be	be	AUX
al-319	85	14	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	85	15	in	in	ADP
al-319	85	16	all	all	PRON
al-319	85	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	85	18	the	the	DET
al-319	85	19	components	component	NOUN
al-319	85	20	of	of	ADP
al-319	85	21	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	85	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	86	1	for	for	ADP
al-319	86	2	example	example	NOUN
al-319	86	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	86	4	some	some	DET
al-319	86	5	individuals	individual	NOUN
al-319	86	6	may	may	AUX
al-319	86	7	have	have	VERB
al-319	86	8	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	86	9	memories	memory	NOUN
al-319	86	10	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	86	11	only	only	ADV
al-319	86	12	average	average	ADJ
al-319	86	13	abilities	ability	NOUN
al-319	86	14	in	in	ADP
al-319	86	15	language	language	NOUN
al-319	86	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
al-319	86	17	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	87	1	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	87	2	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	87	3	strengths	strength	NOUN
al-319	87	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	87	5	weakness	weakness	NOUN
al-319	87	6	in	in	ADP
al-319	87	7	these	these	DET
al-319	87	8	different	different	ADJ
al-319	87	9	components	component	NOUN
al-319	87	10	may	may	AUX
al-319	87	11	account	account	VERB
al-319	87	12	for	for	ADP
al-319	87	13	their	their	PRON
al-319	87	14	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	87	15	to	to	PART
al-319	87	16	succeed	succeed	VERB
al-319	87	17	in	in	ADP
al-319	87	18	different	different	ADJ
al-319	87	19	types	type	NOUN
al-319	87	20	of	of	ADP
al-319	87	21	instructional	instructional	ADJ
al-319	87	22	programs	program	NOUN
al-319	87	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	88	1	5	5	X
al-319	88	2	.	.	X
al-319	88	3	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	88	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	88	5	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	88	6	robert	robert	PROPN
al-319	88	7	gardner	gardner	PROPN
al-319	88	8	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	88	9	his	his	PRON
al-319	88	10	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
al-319	88	11	have	have	AUX
al-319	88	12	carried	carry	VERB
al-319	88	13	out	out	ADP
al-319	88	14	a	a	DET
al-319	88	15	program	program	NOUN
al-319	88	16	of	of	ADP
al-319	88	17	research	research	NOUN
al-319	88	18	an	an	DET
al-319	88	19	the	the	DET
al-319	88	20	relationship	relationship	NOUN
al-319	88	21	between	between	ADP
al-319	88	22	a	a	DET
al-319	88	23	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	88	24	’s	’s	PART
al-319	88	25	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	88	26	toward	toward	ADP
al-319	88	27	the	the	DET
al-319	88	28	second	second	ADJ
al-319	88	29	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	88	30	foreign	foreign	ADJ
al-319	88	31	language	language	NOUN
al-319	88	32	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	88	33	language	language	NOUN
al-319	88	34	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	88	35	its	its	PRON
al-319	88	36	community	community	NOUN
al-319	88	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	88	38	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	88	39	success	success	NOUN
al-319	88	40	in	in	ADP
al-319	88	41	second	second	ADJ
al-319	88	42	language	language	NOUN
al-319	88	43	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	88	44	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	89	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	89	2	masgorat	masgorat	NOUN
al-319	89	3	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	89	4	gardner	gardner	NOUN
al-319	89	5	2003	2003	NUM
al-319	89	6	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	89	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	90	1	as	as	SCONJ
al-319	90	2	suggested	suggest	VERB
al-319	90	3	above	above	ADV
al-319	90	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	90	5	it	it	PRON
al-319	90	6	is	be	AUX
al-319	90	7	difficult	difficult	ADJ
al-319	90	8	to	to	PART
al-319	90	9	know	know	VERB
al-319	90	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
al-319	90	11	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	90	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	90	13	produce	produce	VERB
al-319	90	14	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	90	15	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	90	16	engenders	engender	NOUN
al-319	90	17	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	90	18	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	90	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	90	20	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	90	21	whether	whether	SCONJ
al-319	90	22	both	both	PRON
al-319	90	23	are	be	AUX
al-319	90	24	affected	affect	VERB
al-319	90	25	by	by	ADP
al-319	90	26	others	other	NOUN
al-319	90	27	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	90	28	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	91	1	although	although	SCONJ
al-319	91	2	the	the	DET
al-319	91	3	research	research	NOUN
al-319	91	4	can	can	AUX
al-319	91	5	not	not	PART
al-319	91	6	prove	prove	VERB
al-319	91	7	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	91	8	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	91	9	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	91	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	91	11	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	91	12	cause	cause	VERB
al-319	91	13	success	success	NOUN
al-319	91	14	in	in	ADP
al-319	91	15	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	91	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	91	17	there	there	PRON
al-319	91	18	is	be	VERB
al-319	91	19	ample	ample	ADJ
al-319	91	20	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	91	21	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	91	22	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	91	23	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	91	24	is	be	AUX
al-319	91	25	associated	associate	VERB
al-319	91	26	with	with	ADP
al-319	91	27	a	a	DET
al-319	91	28	willingness	willingness	NOUN
al-319	91	29	to	to	PART
al-319	91	30	keep	keep	VERB
al-319	91	31	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	91	32	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	92	1	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	92	2	in	in	ADP
al-319	92	3	second	second	ADJ
al-319	92	4	language	language	NOUN
al-319	92	5	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	92	6	is	be	AUX
al-319	92	7	a	a	DET
al-319	92	8	complex	complex	ADJ
al-319	92	9	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
al-319	92	10	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	93	1	it	it	PRON
al-319	93	2	has	have	AUX
al-319	93	3	been	be	AUX
al-319	93	4	defined	define	VERB
al-319	93	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	93	6	terms	term	NOUN
al-319	93	7	of	of	ADP
al-319	93	8	two	two	NUM
al-319	93	9	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	93	10	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	93	11	on	on	ADP
al-319	93	12	the	the	DET
al-319	93	13	one	one	NUM
al-319	93	14	hand	hand	NOUN
al-319	93	15	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	93	16	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	93	17	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	93	18	communicative	communicative	ADJ
al-319	93	19	needs	need	NOUN
al-319	93	20	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	93	21	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	93	22	on	on	ADP
al-319	93	23	the	the	DET
al-319	93	24	other	other	ADJ
al-319	93	25	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	93	26	their	their	PRON
al-319	93	27	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	93	28	towards	towards	ADP
al-319	93	29	the	the	DET
al-319	93	30	second	second	ADJ
al-319	93	31	language	language	NOUN
al-319	93	32	community	community	NOUN
al-319	93	33	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	94	1	instrumental	instrumental	ADJ
al-319	94	2	motivational	motivational	NOUN
al-319	94	3	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	94	4	language	language	NOUN
al-319	94	5	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	94	6	for	for	ADP
al-319	94	7	more	more	ADV
al-319	94	8	immediate	immediate	ADJ
al-319	94	9	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	94	10	practical	practical	ADJ
al-319	94	11	goals	goal	NOUN
al-319	94	12	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	94	13	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	94	14	integrative	integrative	ADJ
al-319	94	15	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	94	16	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	94	17	language	language	NOUN
al-319	94	18	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	94	19	for	for	ADP
al-319	94	20	personal	personal	ADJ
al-319	94	21	growth	growth	NOUN
al-319	94	22	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	94	23	cultural	cultural	ADJ
al-319	94	24	enrichment	enrichment	NOUN
al-319	94	25	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	94	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	95	1	next	next	ADJ
al-319	95	2	definition	definition	NOUN
al-319	95	3	from	from	ADP
al-319	95	4	zoltan	zoltan	PROPN
al-319	95	5	dornyei	dornyei	PROPN
al-319	95	6	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	95	7	2001a	2001a	NUM
al-319	95	8	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	95	9	developed	develop	VERB
al-319	95	10	a	a	DET
al-319	95	11	process	process	NOUN
al-319	95	12	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	95	13	oriented	orient	VERB
al-319	95	14	model	model	NOUN
al-319	95	15	of	of	ADP
al-319	95	16	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	95	17	that	that	PRON
al-319	95	18	consist	consist	VERB
al-319	95	19	of	of	ADP
al-319	95	20	three	three	NUM
al-319	95	21	phase	phase	NOUN
al-319	95	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	96	1	the	the	DET
al-319	96	2	first	first	ADJ
al-319	96	3	phase	phase	NOUN
al-319	96	4	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	96	5	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	96	6	choice	choice	NOUN
al-319	96	7	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	96	8	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	96	9	refers	refer	VERB
al-319	96	10	to	to	ADP
al-319	96	11	getting	getting	AUX
al-319	96	12	started	start	VERB
al-319	96	13	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	96	14	to	to	ADP
al-319	96	15	setting	set	VERB
al-319	96	16	goals	goal	NOUN
al-319	96	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	96	18	the	the	DET
al-319	96	19	second	second	ADJ
al-319	96	20	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	96	21	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	96	22	executive	executive	ADJ
al-319	96	23	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	96	24	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	96	26	is	be	AUX
al-319	96	27	about	about	ADP
al-319	96	28	carrying	carry	VERB
al-319	96	29	out	out	ADP
al-319	96	30	the	the	DET
al-319	96	31	necessary	necessary	ADJ
al-319	96	32	task	task	NOUN
al-319	96	33	to	to	PART
al-319	96	34	maintain	maintain	VERB
al-319	96	35	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	96	36	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	96	37	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	96	38	the	the	DET
al-319	96	39	third	third	ADJ
al-319	96	40	phase	phase	NOUN
al-319	96	41	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	96	42	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	96	43	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	96	44	retrospection	retrospection	NOUN
al-319	96	45	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	96	46	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	96	47	refers	refer	VERB
al-319	96	48	to	to	ADP
al-319	96	49	students	student	NOUN
al-319	96	50	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	96	51	appraisal	appraisal	NOUN
al-319	96	52	of	of	ADP
al-319	96	53	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	96	54	reaction	reaction	NOUN
al-319	96	55	to	to	ADP
al-319	96	56	their	their	PRON
al-319	96	57	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	96	58	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	97	1	social	social	ADJ
al-319	97	2	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	97	3	at	at	ADP
al-319	97	4	a	a	DET
al-319	97	5	more	more	ADV
al-319	97	6	general	general	ADJ
al-319	97	7	level	level	NOUN
al-319	97	8	can	can	AUX
al-319	97	9	affect	affect	VERB
al-319	97	10	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	97	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	97	12	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
al-319	97	13	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	97	14	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	97	15	language	language	NOUN
al-319	97	16	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	97	17	success	success	NOUN
al-319	97	18	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	98	1	one	one	NUM
al-319	98	2	such	such	ADJ
al-319	98	3	factor	factor	NOUN
al-319	98	4	is	be	AUX
al-319	98	5	social	social	ADJ
al-319	98	6	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
al-319	98	7	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	98	8	power	power	NOUN
al-319	98	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
al-319	98	10	between	between	ADP
al-319	98	11	the	the	DET
al-319	98	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	98	13	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	99	1	children	child	NOUN
al-319	99	2	as	as	ADV
al-319	99	3	well	well	ADV
al-319	99	4	as	as	ADP
al-319	99	5	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	99	6	are	be	AUX
al-319	99	7	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
al-319	99	8	to	to	ADP
al-319	99	9	social	social	ADJ
al-319	99	10	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
al-319	99	11	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	99	12	power	power	NOUN
al-319	99	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
al-319	99	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	100	1	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	100	2	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	100	3	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	100	4	attests	attest	VERB
al-319	100	5	to	to	ADP
al-319	100	6	the	the	DET
al-319	100	7	fact	fact	NOUN
al-319	100	8	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	100	9	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	100	10	is	be	AUX
al-319	100	11	a	a	DET
al-319	100	12	key	key	ADJ
al-319	100	13	factor	factor	NOUN
al-319	100	14	in	in	ADP
al-319	100	15	successfully	successfully	ADV
al-319	100	16	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	100	17	a	a	DET
al-319	100	18	language	language	NOUN
al-319	100	19	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	100	20	brown	brown	ADJ
al-319	100	21	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	100	22	2001	2001	NUM
al-319	100	23	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	100	24	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	101	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	101	2	line	line	NOUN
al-319	101	3	with	with	ADP
al-319	101	4	bardovi	bardovi	NOUN
al-319	101	5	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	101	6	harlig	harlig	PROPN
al-319	101	7	dornyei	dornyei	NOUN
al-319	101	8	’s	’s	PART
al-319	101	9	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	101	10	1998	1998	NUM
al-319	101	11	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	101	12	seminal	seminal	ADJ
al-319	101	13	study	study	NOUN
al-319	101	14	showed	show	VERB
al-319	101	15	the	the	DET
al-319	101	16	advantage	advantage	NOUN
al-319	101	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	101	18	the	the	DET
al-319	101	19	esl	esl	PROPN
al-319	101	20	over	over	ADP
al-319	101	21	the	the	DET
al-319	101	22	efl	efl	PROPN
al-319	101	23	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	101	24	in	in	ADP
al-319	101	25	attaining	attain	VERB
al-319	101	26	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
al-319	101	27	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	101	28	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	101	29	particularly	particularly	ADV
al-319	101	30	in	in	ADP
al-319	101	31	terms	term	NOUN
al-319	101	32	of	of	ADP
al-319	101	33	the	the	DET
al-319	101	34	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	101	35	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	101	36	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	101	37	experiences	experience	NOUN
al-319	101	38	in	in	ADP
al-319	101	39	the	the	DET
al-319	101	40	tl	tl	PROPN
al-319	101	41	community	community	NOUN
al-319	101	42	gave	give	VERB
al-319	101	43	to	to	ADP
al-319	101	44	the	the	DET
al-319	101	45	esl	esl	PROPN
al-319	101	46	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	101	47	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	102	1	6	6	X
al-319	102	2	.	.	X
al-319	102	3	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	102	4	styles	style	NOUN
al-319	102	5	the	the	DET
al-319	102	6	term	term	NOUN
al-319	102	7	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	102	8	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	102	9	style	style	NOUN
al-319	102	10	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	102	11	has	have	AUX
al-319	102	12	been	be	AUX
al-319	102	13	used	use	VERB
al-319	102	14	to	to	PART
al-319	102	15	describes	describe	VERB
al-319	103	1	an	an	DET
al-319	103	2	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	103	3	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	103	4	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	103	5	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	103	6	habitual	habitual	ADJ
al-319	103	7	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	103	8	preferred	preferred	ADJ
al-319	103	9	way	way	NOUN
al-319	103	10	of	of	ADP
al-319	103	11	absorbing	absorbing	NOUN
al-319	103	12	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	103	13	processing	processing	NOUN
al-319	103	14	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	103	15	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	103	16	retaining	retain	VERB
al-319	103	17	new	new	ADJ
al-319	103	18	information	information	NOUN
al-319	103	19	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	103	20	skill	skill	NOUN
al-319	103	21	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	103	22	reid	reid	NOUN
al-319	103	23	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	103	24	1995	1995	NUM
al-319	103	25	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	103	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	104	1	for	for	ADP
al-319	104	2	others	other	NOUN
al-319	104	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	104	4	referred	refer	VERB
al-319	104	5	to	to	ADP
al-319	104	6	as	as	ADP
al-319	104	7	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	104	8	kinesthetic	kinesthetic	ADJ
al-319	104	9	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	104	10	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	104	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	104	12	physical	physical	ADJ
al-319	104	13	action	action	NOUN
al-319	104	14	such	such	ADJ
al-319	104	15	as	as	ADP
al-319	104	16	miming	mime	VERB
al-319	104	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	104	18	role	role	NOUN
al-319	104	19	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	104	20	play	play	NOUN
al-319	104	21	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	104	22	style	style	NOUN
al-319	104	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	105	1	seem	seem	VERB
al-319	105	2	to	to	PART
al-319	105	3	help	help	VERB
al-319	105	4	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	105	5	process	process	NOUN
al-319	105	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	106	1	these	these	PRON
al-319	106	2	are	be	AUX
al-319	106	3	referred	refer	VERB
al-319	106	4	to	to	ADP
al-319	106	5	as	as	ADP
al-319	106	6	perceptually	perceptually	ADV
al-319	106	7	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	106	8	based	base	VERB
al-319	106	9	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	106	10	style	style	NOUN
al-319	106	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	107	1	considerable	considerable	ADJ
al-319	107	2	research	research	NOUN
al-319	107	3	has	have	AUX
al-319	107	4	also	also	ADV
al-319	107	5	focused	focus	VERB
al-319	107	6	on	on	ADP
al-319	107	7	distinction	distinction	NOUN
al-319	107	8	between	between	ADP
al-319	107	9	different	different	ADJ
al-319	107	10	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
al-319	107	11	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	107	12	styles	style	NOUN
al-319	107	13	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	108	1	individuals	individual	NOUN
al-319	108	2	have	have	AUX
al-319	108	3	been	be	AUX
al-319	108	4	described	describe	VERB
al-319	108	5	as	as	ADP
al-319	108	6	field	field	NOUN
al-319	108	7	independent	independent	ADJ
al-319	108	8	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	108	9	field	field	NOUN
al-319	108	10	dependent	dependent	ADJ
al-319	108	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	109	1	for	for	ADP
al-319	109	2	example	example	NOUN
al-319	109	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	109	4	years	year	NOUN
al-319	109	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	109	6	it	it	PRON
al-319	109	7	was	be	AUX
al-319	109	8	widely	widely	ADV
al-319	109	9	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	109	10	there	there	PRON
al-319	109	11	was	be	VERB
al-319	109	12	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	109	13	relationship	relationship	NOUN
al-319	109	14	between	between	ADP
al-319	109	15	field	field	NOUN
al-319	109	16	independence	independence	NOUN
al-319	109	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	109	18	success	success	NOUN
al-319	109	19	in	in	ADP
al-319	109	20	second	second	ADJ
al-319	109	21	language	language	NOUN
al-319	109	22	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	109	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	110	1	instead	instead	ADV
al-319	110	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	110	3	we	we	PRON
al-319	110	4	should	should	AUX
al-319	110	5	encourage	encourage	VERB
al-319	110	6	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	110	7	to	to	PART
al-319	110	8	use	use	VERB
al-319	110	9	all	all	DET
al-319	110	10	means	mean	NOUN
al-319	110	11	available	available	ADJ
al-319	110	12	to	to	ADP
al-319	110	13	them	they	PRON
al-319	110	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	111	1	at	at	ADP
al-319	111	2	a	a	DET
al-319	111	3	minimum	minimum	NOUN
al-319	111	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	111	5	research	research	NOUN
al-319	111	6	on	on	ADP
al-319	111	7	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	111	8	style	style	NOUN
al-319	111	9	should	should	AUX
al-319	111	10	make	make	VERB
al-319	111	11	us	we	PRON
al-319	111	12	skeptical	skeptical	ADJ
al-319	111	13	of	of	ADP
al-319	111	14	claims	claim	NOUN
al-319	111	15	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	111	16	a	a	DET
al-319	111	17	single	single	ADJ
al-319	111	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
al-319	111	19	method	method	NOUN
al-319	111	20	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	111	21	textbook	textbook	NOUN
al-319	111	22	will	will	AUX
al-319	111	23	suit	suit	VERB
al-319	111	24	the	the	DET
al-319	111	25	need	need	NOUN
al-319	111	26	of	of	ADP
al-319	111	27	all	all	DET
al-319	111	28	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	111	29	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	112	1	the	the	DET
al-319	112	2	challenge	challenge	NOUN
al-319	112	3	is	be	AUX
al-319	112	4	to	to	PART
al-319	112	5	find	find	VERB
al-319	112	6	instructional	instructional	ADJ
al-319	112	7	approaches	approach	NOUN
al-319	112	8	that	that	PRON
al-319	112	9	meet	meet	VERB
al-319	112	10	the	the	DET
al-319	112	11	needs	need	NOUN
al-319	112	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	112	13	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	112	14	with	with	ADP
al-319	112	15	a	a	DET
al-319	112	16	variety	variety	NOUN
al-319	112	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	112	18	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	112	19	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	112	20	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	112	21	style	style	NOUN
al-319	112	22	profiles	profile	NOUN
al-319	112	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	113	1	such	such	ADJ
al-319	113	2	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
al-319	113	3	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	113	4	suggest	suggest	VERB
al-319	113	5	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	113	6	an	an	DET
al-319	113	7	aptitude	aptitude	NOUN
al-319	113	8	for	for	ADP
al-319	113	9	language	language	NOUN
al-319	113	10	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	113	11	is	be	AUX
al-319	113	12	at	at	ADP
al-319	113	13	least	least	ADJ
al-319	113	14	partly	partly	ADV
al-319	113	15	independent	independent	ADJ
al-319	113	16	of	of	ADP
al-319	113	17	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
al-319	113	18	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	113	19	social	social	ADJ
al-319	113	20	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	113	21	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	113	22	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	113	23	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ
al-319	113	24	that	that	PRON
al-319	113	25	are	be	AUX
al-319	113	26	often	often	ADV
al-319	113	27	associated	associate	VERB
al-319	113	28	with	with	ADP
al-319	113	29	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	113	30	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	113	31	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	114	1	7	7	X
al-319	114	2	.	.	X
al-319	114	3	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	114	4	a	a	DET
al-319	114	5	number	number	NOUN
al-319	114	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	114	7	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	114	8	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	114	9	have	have	AUX
al-319	114	10	been	be	AUX
al-319	114	11	proposed	propose	VERB
al-319	114	12	as	as	ADP
al-319	114	13	likely	likely	ADJ
al-319	114	14	to	to	PART
al-319	114	15	affect	affect	VERB
al-319	114	16	second	second	ADJ
al-319	114	17	language	language	NOUN
al-319	114	18	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	114	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	114	20	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	114	21	it	it	PRON
al-319	114	22	is	be	AUX
al-319	114	23	not	not	PART
al-319	114	24	been	be	AUX
al-319	114	25	easy	easy	ADJ
al-319	114	26	to	to	PART
al-319	114	27	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
al-319	114	28	their	their	PRON
al-319	114	29	effects	effect	NOUN
al-319	114	30	in	in	ADP
al-319	114	31	empirical	empirical	ADJ
al-319	114	32	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	114	33	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	115	1	as	as	ADP
al-319	115	2	with	with	ADP
al-319	115	3	other	other	ADJ
al-319	115	4	research	research	NOUN
al-319	115	5	investigating	investigate	VERB
al-319	115	6	the	the	DET
al-319	115	7	effect	effect	NOUN
al-319	115	8	of	of	ADP
al-319	115	9	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	115	10	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	115	11	on	on	ADP
al-319	115	12	second	second	ADJ
al-319	115	13	language	language	NOUN
al-319	115	14	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	115	15	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	115	16	deferent	deferent	VERB
al-319	115	17	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	115	18	measuring	measure	VERB
al-319	115	19	a	a	DET
al-319	115	20	similar	similar	ADJ
al-319	115	21	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	115	22	trait	trait	NOUN
al-319	115	23	produce	produce	VERB
al-319	115	24	different	different	ADJ
al-319	115	25	results	result	NOUN
al-319	115	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	116	1	for	for	ADP
al-319	116	2	example	example	NOUN
al-319	116	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	116	4	it	it	PRON
al-319	116	5	is	be	AUX
al-319	116	6	often	often	ADV
al-319	116	7	argued	argue	VERB
al-319	116	8	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	116	9	an	an	DET
al-319	116	10	extroverted	extroverted	ADJ
al-319	116	11	person	person	NOUN
al-319	116	12	is	be	AUX
al-319	116	13	well	well	ADV
al-319	116	14	suited	suited	ADJ
al-319	116	15	to	to	ADP
al-319	116	16	language	language	NOUN
al-319	116	17	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	116	18	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	117	1	another	another	DET
al-319	117	2	aspect	aspect	NOUN
al-319	117	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	117	4	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	117	5	that	that	PRON
al-319	117	6	has	have	AUX
al-319	117	7	been	be	AUX
al-319	117	8	studied	study	VERB
al-319	117	9	is	be	AUX
al-319	117	10	inhabitation	inhabitation	NOUN
al-319	117	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	118	1	it	it	PRON
al-319	118	2	has	have	AUX
al-319	118	3	been	be	AUX
al-319	118	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
al-319	118	5	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	118	6	inhabitation	inhabitation	NOUN
al-319	118	7	discourage	discourage	NOUN
al-319	118	8	risk	risk	NOUN
al-319	118	9	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	118	10	taking	taking	NOUN
al-319	118	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	118	12	which	which	PRON
al-319	118	13	is	be	AUX
al-319	118	14	necessary	necessary	ADJ
al-319	118	15	for	for	ADP
al-319	118	16	progress	progress	NOUN
al-319	118	17	in	in	ADP
al-319	118	18	language	language	NOUN
al-319	118	19	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	118	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	119	1	this	this	PRON
al-319	119	2	is	be	AUX
al-319	119	3	often	often	ADV
al-319	119	4	considered	consider	VERB
al-319	119	5	to	to	PART
al-319	119	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	119	7	particular	particular	ADJ
al-319	119	8	problem	problem	NOUN
al-319	119	9	for	for	ADP
al-319	119	10	adolescents	adolescent	NOUN
al-319	119	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	119	12	who	who	PRON
al-319	119	13	are	be	AUX
al-319	119	14	more	more	ADV
al-319	119	15	self	self	NOUN
al-319	119	16	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	119	17	conscious	conscious	ADJ
al-319	119	18	than	than	ADP
al-319	119	19	younger	young	ADJ
al-319	119	20	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	119	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	120	1	while	while	SCONJ
al-319	120	2	result	result	VERB
al-319	120	3	such	such	ADJ
al-319	120	4	as	as	SCONJ
al-319	120	5	these	these	PRON
al-319	120	6	is	be	AUX
al-319	120	7	interesting	interesting	ADJ
al-319	120	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	120	9	they	they	PRON
al-319	120	10	have	have	AUX
al-319	120	11	note	note	VERB
al-319	120	12	to	to	PART
al-319	120	13	do	do	VERB
al-319	120	14	with	with	ADP
al-319	120	15	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	120	16	than	than	ADP
al-319	120	17	with	with	ADP
al-319	120	18	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	120	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	121	1	we	we	PRON
al-319	121	2	may	may	AUX
al-319	121	3	also	also	ADV
al-319	121	4	note	note	VERB
al-319	121	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	121	6	in	in	ADP
al-319	121	7	passing	pass	VERB
al-319	121	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	121	9	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	121	10	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	121	11	larger	large	ADJ
al-319	121	12	doses	dose	NOUN
al-319	121	13	of	of	ADP
al-319	121	14	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN
al-319	121	15	were	be	AUX
al-319	121	16	administered	administer	VERB
al-319	121	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	121	18	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN
al-319	121	19	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
al-319	121	20	deteriorated	deteriorate	VERB
al-319	121	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	122	1	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	122	2	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	122	3	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	122	4	feelings	feeling	NOUN
al-319	122	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	122	6	worry	worry	NOUN
al-319	122	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	122	8	nervousness	nervousness	NOUN
al-319	122	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	122	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	122	11	stress	stress	VERB
al-319	122	12	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	122	13	many	many	ADJ
al-319	122	14	students	student	NOUN
al-319	122	15	experience	experience	VERB
al-319	122	16	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	122	17	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	122	18	a	a	DET
al-319	122	19	second	second	ADJ
al-319	122	20	language	language	NOUN
al-319	122	21	has	have	AUX
al-319	122	22	been	be	AUX
al-319	122	23	extensively	extensively	ADV
al-319	122	24	investigated	investigate	VERB
al-319	122	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	123	1	for	for	ADP
al-319	123	2	a	a	DET
al-319	123	3	long	long	ADJ
al-319	123	4	time	time	NOUN
al-319	123	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	123	6	researcher	researcher	NOUN
al-319	123	7	thought	thought	NOUN
al-319	123	8	of	of	ADP
al-319	123	9	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	123	10	as	as	ADP
al-319	123	11	a	a	DET
al-319	123	12	permanent	permanent	ADJ
al-319	123	13	feature	feature	NOUN
al-319	123	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	123	15	a	a	DET
al-319	123	16	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	123	17	’s	’s	PART
al-319	123	18	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	123	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	124	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	124	2	fact	fact	NOUN
al-319	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	124	4	the	the	DET
al-319	124	5	majority	majority	NOUN
al-319	124	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	124	7	language	language	NOUN
al-319	124	8	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	124	9	scales	scale	NOUN
al-319	124	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	124	11	like	like	ADP
al-319	124	12	the	the	DET
al-319	124	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
al-319	124	14	language	language	NOUN
al-319	124	15	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	124	16	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	124	17	schale	schale	NOUN
al-319	124	18	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	124	19	horwitz	horwitz	PROPN
al-319	124	20	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	124	21	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	124	22	cope	cope	VERB
al-319	124	23	1986	1986	NUM
al-319	124	24	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	124	25	measure	measure	VERB
al-319	124	26	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	124	27	in	in	ADP
al-319	124	28	this	this	DET
al-319	124	29	way	way	NOUN
al-319	124	30	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	125	1	more	more	ADV
al-319	125	2	recent	recent	ADJ
al-319	125	3	research	research	NOUN
al-319	125	4	investigating	investigate	VERB
al-319	125	5	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	125	6	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	125	7	is	be	AUX
al-319	125	8	more	more	ADV
al-319	125	9	likely	likely	ADJ
al-319	125	10	to	to	PART
al-319	125	11	be	be	AUX
al-319	125	12	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
al-319	125	13	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	125	14	dependent	dependent	ADJ
al-319	125	15	on	on	ADP
al-319	125	16	particular	particular	ADJ
al-319	125	17	situations	situation	NOUN
al-319	125	18	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	125	19	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
al-319	125	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	126	1	this	this	PRON
al-319	126	2	permits	permit	VERB
al-319	126	3	distinction	distinction	NOUN
al-319	126	4	to	to	PART
al-319	126	5	be	be	AUX
al-319	126	6	made	make	VERB
al-319	126	7	between	between	ADP
al-319	126	8	for	for	ADP
al-319	126	9	example	example	NOUN
al-319	126	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	126	11	a	a	DET
al-319	126	12	student	student	NOUN
al-319	126	13	who	who	PRON
al-319	126	14	feels	feel	VERB
al-319	126	15	anxious	anxious	ADJ
al-319	126	16	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	126	17	giving	give	VERB
al-319	126	18	an	an	DET
al-319	126	19	oral	oral	ADJ
al-319	126	20	presentation	presentation	NOUN
al-319	126	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	126	22	front	front	NOUN
al-319	126	23	of	of	ADP
al-319	126	24	the	the	DET
al-319	126	25	whole	whole	ADJ
al-319	126	26	class	class	NOUN
al-319	126	27	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	126	28	not	not	PART
al-319	126	29	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	126	30	interacting	interact	VERB
al-319	126	31	with	with	ADP
al-319	126	32	peers	peer	NOUN
al-319	126	33	in	in	ADP
al-319	126	34	group	group	NOUN
al-319	126	35	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	126	36	work	work	NOUN
al-319	126	37	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	127	1	experience	experience	NOUN
al-319	127	2	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	127	3	before	before	ADP
al-319	127	4	a	a	DET
al-319	127	5	test	test	NOUN
al-319	127	6	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	127	7	an	an	DET
al-319	127	8	oral	oral	ADJ
al-319	127	9	presentation	presentation	NOUN
al-319	127	10	can	can	AUX
al-319	127	11	provide	provide	VERB
al-319	127	12	the	the	DET
al-319	127	13	right	right	ADJ
al-319	127	14	combination	combination	NOUN
al-319	127	15	of	of	ADP
al-319	127	16	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	127	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	127	18	focus	focus	VERB
al-319	127	19	to	to	ADP
al-319	127	20	success	success	NOUN
al-319	127	21	on	on	ADP
al-319	127	22	it	it	PRON
al-319	127	23	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	128	1	because	because	SCONJ
al-319	128	2	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	128	3	is	be	AUX
al-319	128	4	often	often	ADV
al-319	128	5	considered	consider	VERB
al-319	128	6	to	to	PART
al-319	128	7	be	be	AUX
al-319	128	8	a	a	DET
al-319	128	9	negative	negative	ADJ
al-319	128	10	term	term	NOUN
al-319	128	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	128	12	some	some	DET
al-319	128	13	researcher	researcher	NOUN
al-319	128	14	has	have	AUX
al-319	128	15	chosen	choose	VERB
al-319	128	16	to	to	PART
al-319	128	17	use	use	VERB
al-319	128	18	other	other	ADJ
al-319	128	19	terms	term	NOUN
al-319	128	20	they	they	PRON
al-319	128	21	consider	consider	VERB
al-319	128	22	to	to	PART
al-319	128	23	be	be	AUX
al-319	128	24	more	more	ADV
al-319	128	25	neutral	neutral	ADJ
al-319	128	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	129	1	according	accord	VERB
al-319	129	2	to	to	ADP
al-319	129	3	some	some	DET
al-319	129	4	researcher	researcher	NOUN
al-319	129	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	6	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	129	7	who	who	PRON
al-319	129	8	willingly	willingly	ADV
al-319	129	9	communicate	communicate	VERB
al-319	129	10	in	in	ADP
al-319	129	11	a	a	DET
al-319	129	12	wide	wide	ADJ
al-319	129	13	range	range	NOUN
al-319	129	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	129	15	conversational	conversational	ADJ
al-319	129	16	interactions	interaction	NOUN
al-319	129	17	are	be	AUX
al-319	129	18	able	able	ADJ
al-319	129	19	to	to	PART
al-319	129	20	do	do	VERB
al-319	129	21	so	so	ADV
al-319	129	22	because	because	SCONJ
al-319	129	23	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	129	24	their	their	PRON
al-319	129	25	prior	prior	ADJ
al-319	129	26	language	language	NOUN
al-319	129	27	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	129	28	has	have	AUX
al-319	129	29	led	lead	VERB
al-319	129	30	to	to	ADP
al-319	129	31	development	development	NOUN
al-319	129	32	of	of	ADP
al-319	129	33	self	self	NOUN
al-319	129	34	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	129	35	confidence	confidence	NOUN
al-319	129	36	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	37	which	which	PRON
al-319	129	38	is	be	AUX
al-319	129	39	based	base	VERB
al-319	129	40	on	on	ADP
al-319	129	41	the	the	DET
al-319	129	42	lack	lack	NOUN
al-319	129	43	of	of	ADP
al-319	129	44	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
al-319	129	45	combine	combine	VERB
al-319	129	46	with	with	ADP
al-319	129	47	a	a	DET
al-319	129	48	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
al-319	129	49	level	level	NOUN
al-319	129	50	of	of	ADP
al-319	129	51	communicative	communicative	ADJ
al-319	129	52	competence	competence	NOUN
al-319	129	53	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	54	arising	arise	VERB
al-319	129	55	from	from	ADP
al-319	129	56	a	a	DET
al-319	129	57	series	series	NOUN
al-319	129	58	of	of	ADP
al-319	129	59	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
al-319	129	60	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ
al-319	129	61	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	129	62	second	second	ADJ
al-319	129	63	language	language	NOUN
al-319	129	64	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	129	65	experiences	experience	NOUN
al-319	129	66	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	129	67	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	129	68	maclntyre	maclntyre	PROPN
al-319	129	69	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	70	clement	clement	NOUN
al-319	129	71	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	72	dörney	dörney	NOUN
al-319	129	73	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	74	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	129	75	noels	noel	NOUN
al-319	129	76	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	129	77	1998:548	1998:548	NUM
al-319	129	78	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	129	79	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	130	1	8	8	X
al-319	130	2	.	.	X
al-319	130	3	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	130	4	two	two	NUM
al-319	130	5	sorts	sort	NOUN
al-319	130	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	130	7	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
al-319	130	8	environments	environment	NOUN
al-319	130	9	are	be	AUX
al-319	130	10	constructed	construct	VERB
al-319	130	11	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	130	12	artificial	artificial	ADJ
al-319	130	13	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	131	1	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	131	2	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	131	3	environments	environment	NOUN
al-319	131	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	131	5	found	find	VERB
al-319	131	6	for	for	ADP
al-319	131	7	the	the	DET
al-319	131	8	most	most	ADJ
al-319	131	9	part	part	NOUN
al-319	131	10	in	in	ADP
al-319	131	11	the	the	DET
al-319	131	12	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	131	13	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	131	14	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	131	15	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	131	16	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	131	17	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	131	18	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	131	19	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	132	1	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	132	2	instructions	instruction	NOUN
al-319	132	3	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	132	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
al-319	132	5	deductive	deductive	ADJ
al-319	132	6	presentation	presentation	NOUN
al-319	132	7	of	of	ADP
al-319	132	8	rules	rule	NOUN
al-319	132	9	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	132	10	are	be	AUX
al-319	132	11	not	not	PART
al-319	132	12	common	common	ADJ
al-319	132	13	to	to	ADP
al-319	132	14	all	all	DET
al-319	132	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
al-319	132	16	methods	method	NOUN
al-319	132	17	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	132	18	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	132	19	while	while	SCONJ
al-319	132	20	their	their	PRON
al-319	132	21	presence	presence	NOUN
al-319	132	22	may	may	AUX
al-319	132	23	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
al-319	132	24	be	be	AUX
al-319	132	25	catalytic	catalytic	ADJ
al-319	132	26	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	132	27	are	be	AUX
al-319	132	28	not	not	PART
al-319	132	29	necessary	necessary	ADJ
al-319	132	30	for	for	ADP
al-319	132	31	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	132	32	to	to	PART
al-319	132	33	take	take	VERB
al-319	132	34	place	place	NOUN
al-319	132	35	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	133	1	krashen	krashen	ADJ
al-319	133	2	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	133	3	seliger	seliger	NOUN
al-319	133	4	also	also	ADV
al-319	133	5	noted	note	VERB
al-319	133	6	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	133	7	these	these	DET
al-319	133	8	features	feature	NOUN
al-319	133	9	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	133	10	rule	rule	NOUN
al-319	133	11	isolation	isolation	NOUN
al-319	133	12	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	133	13	feedback	feedback	NOUN
al-319	133	14	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	133	15	do	do	AUX
al-319	133	16	not	not	PART
al-319	133	17	seem	seem	VERB
al-319	133	18	to	to	PART
al-319	133	19	be	be	AUX
al-319	133	20	present	present	ADJ
al-319	133	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	133	22	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	133	23	environments	environment	NOUN
al-319	133	24	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	134	1	several	several	ADJ
al-319	134	2	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	134	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	134	4	which	which	PRON
al-319	134	5	will	will	AUX
al-319	134	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	134	7	considered	consider	VERB
al-319	134	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	134	9	some	some	DET
al-319	134	10	detail	detail	NOUN
al-319	134	11	below	below	ADV
al-319	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	134	13	suggest	suggest	VERB
al-319	134	14	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	134	15	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	134	16	can	can	AUX
al-319	134	17	not	not	PART
al-319	134	18	only	only	ADV
al-319	134	19	increase	increase	VERB
al-319	134	20	their	their	PRON
al-319	134	21	second	second	ADJ
al-319	134	22	language	language	NOUN
al-319	134	23	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
al-319	134	24	in	in	ADP
al-319	134	25	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	134	26	environments	environment	NOUN
al-319	134	27	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	134	28	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	134	29	may	may	AUX
al-319	134	30	do	do	VERB
al-319	134	31	as	as	ADV
al-319	134	32	well	well	ADV
al-319	134	33	as	as	ADP
al-319	134	34	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	134	35	better	well	ADJ
al-319	134	36	than	than	ADP
al-319	134	37	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	134	38	who	who	PRON
al-319	134	39	have	have	AUX
al-319	134	40	spent	spend	VERB
al-319	134	41	a	a	DET
al-319	134	42	comparable	comparable	ADJ
al-319	134	43	amount	amount	NOUN
al-319	134	44	of	of	ADP
al-319	134	45	time	time	NOUN
al-319	134	46	in	in	ADP
al-319	134	47	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	134	48	situations	situation	NOUN
al-319	134	49	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	135	1	contribution	contribution	NOUN
al-319	135	2	of	of	ADP
al-319	135	3	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	135	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	135	5	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	135	6	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	135	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	135	8	it	it	PRON
al-319	135	9	is	be	AUX
al-319	135	10	not	not	PART
al-319	135	11	simply	simply	ADV
al-319	135	12	the	the	DET
al-319	135	13	case	case	NOUN
al-319	135	14	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	135	15	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	135	16	environments	environment	NOUN
al-319	135	17	provide	provide	VERB
al-319	135	18	the	the	DET
al-319	135	19	necessary	necessary	ADJ
al-319	135	20	input	input	NOUN
al-319	135	21	for	for	ADP
al-319	135	22	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	135	23	while	while	SCONJ
al-319	135	24	the	the	DET
al-319	135	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	135	26	aids	aid	VERB
al-319	135	27	increasing	increase	VERB
al-319	135	28	learned	learn	VERB
al-319	135	29	competence	competence	NOUN
al-319	135	30	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	136	1	the	the	DET
al-319	136	2	reinterpretation	reinterpretation	NOUN
al-319	136	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	136	4	the	the	DET
al-319	136	5	krashen	krashen	NOUN
al-319	136	6	at	at	ADV
al-319	136	7	all	all	ADV
al-319	136	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	136	9	series	series	NOUN
al-319	136	10	as	as	ADV
al-319	136	11	well	well	ADV
al-319	136	12	as	as	ADP
al-319	136	13	the	the	DET
al-319	136	14	friedlander	friedlander	NOUN
al-319	136	15	at	at	ADV
al-319	136	16	all	all	ADV
al-319	136	17	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	137	1	data	datum	NOUN
al-319	137	2	described	describe	VERB
al-319	137	3	above	above	ADP
al-319	137	4	suggests	suggest	VERB
al-319	137	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	137	6	first	first	ADV
al-319	137	7	of	of	ADP
al-319	137	8	all	all	PRON
al-319	137	9	that	that	DET
al-319	137	10	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	137	11	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	137	12	must	must	AUX
al-319	137	13	be	be	AUX
al-319	137	14	intensive	intensive	ADJ
al-319	137	15	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	137	16	involve	involve	VERB
al-319	137	17	the	the	DET
al-319	137	18	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	137	19	directly	directly	ADV
al-319	137	20	in	in	ADP
al-319	137	21	order	order	NOUN
al-319	137	22	to	to	PART
al-319	137	23	be	be	AUX
al-319	137	24	affective	affective	ADJ
al-319	137	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	138	1	second	second	ADJ
al-319	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	138	3	it	it	PRON
al-319	138	4	seems	seem	VERB
al-319	138	5	plausible	plausible	ADJ
al-319	138	6	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	138	7	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	138	8	can	can	AUX
al-319	138	9	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
al-319	138	10	both	both	DET
al-319	138	11	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	138	12	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	138	13	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	138	14	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
al-319	138	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	139	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	139	2	other	other	ADJ
al-319	139	3	words	word	NOUN
al-319	139	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	139	5	the	the	DET
al-319	139	6	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	139	7	may	may	AUX
al-319	139	8	serve	serve	VERB
al-319	139	9	an	an	DET
al-319	139	10	“	"	PUNCT
al-319	139	11	intake	intake	ADJ
al-319	139	12	”	"	PUNCT
al-319	139	13	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	139	14	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	139	15	as	as	ADV
al-319	139	16	well	well	ADV
al-319	139	17	as	as	ADP
al-319	139	18	a	a	DET
al-319	139	19	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	139	20	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
al-319	139	21	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	139	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	140	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	140	2	particular	particular	ADJ
al-319	140	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	140	4	do	do	AUX
al-319	140	5	levels	level	NOUN
al-319	140	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	140	7	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
al-319	140	8	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	140	9	differ	differ	VERB
al-319	140	10	between	between	ADP
al-319	140	11	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	140	12	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	140	13	fl	fl	NOUN
al-319	140	14	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	140	15	?	?	PUNCT
al-319	141	1	to	to	ADP
al-319	141	2	date	date	NOUN
al-319	141	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	141	4	most	most	ADJ
al-319	141	5	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	141	6	have	have	AUX
al-319	141	7	shown	show	VERB
al-319	141	8	greater	great	ADJ
al-319	141	9	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
al-319	141	10	awareness	awareness	NOUN
al-319	141	11	among	among	ADP
al-319	141	12	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	141	13	student	student	NOUN
al-319	141	14	than	than	ADP
al-319	141	15	fl	fl	NUM
al-319	141	16	student	student	NOUN
al-319	141	17	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	141	18	e.g	e.g	PROPN
al-319	141	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	141	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	142	1	bardovi	bardovi	PROPN
al-319	142	2	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	142	3	harlig	harlig	PROPN
al-319	142	4	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	142	5	dornyei	dornyei	PROPN
al-319	142	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	142	7	1998	1998	NUM
al-319	142	8	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	142	9	schuer	schuer	PROPN
al-319	142	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	142	11	2006	2006	NUM
al-319	142	12	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	142	13	tagashira	tagashira	PROPN
al-319	142	14	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	142	15	yamato	yamato	PROPN
al-319	142	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	142	17	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	142	18	isoda	isoda	PROPN
al-319	142	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	142	20	@011	@011	NOUN
al-319	142	21	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	142	22	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	142	23	thus	thus	ADV
al-319	142	24	indicating	indicate	VERB
al-319	142	25	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	142	26	the	the	DET
al-319	142	27	tl	tl	PROPN
al-319	142	28	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	142	29	has	have	VERB
al-319	142	30	a	a	DET
al-319	142	31	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	142	32	influence	influence	NOUN
al-319	142	33	on	on	ADP
al-319	142	34	the	the	DET
al-319	142	35	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
al-319	142	36	use	use	NOUN
al-319	142	37	of	of	ADP
al-319	142	38	sociopragmatic	sociopragmatic	ADJ
al-319	142	39	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	143	1	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	143	2	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	143	3	invariably	invariably	ADV
al-319	143	4	receive	receive	VERB
al-319	143	5	more	more	ADV
al-319	143	6	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
al-319	143	7	input	input	NOUN
al-319	143	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	143	9	their	their	PRON
al-319	143	10	daily	daily	ADJ
al-319	143	11	lives	life	NOUN
al-319	143	12	if	if	SCONJ
al-319	143	13	they	they	PRON
al-319	143	14	are	be	AUX
al-319	143	15	motivated	motivated	ADJ
al-319	143	16	to	to	PART
al-319	143	17	interact	interact	VERB
al-319	143	18	with	with	ADP
al-319	143	19	the	the	DET
al-319	143	20	tl	tl	PROPN
al-319	143	21	community	community	NOUN
al-319	143	22	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	143	23	have	have	VERB
al-319	143	24	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	143	25	social	social	ADJ
al-319	143	26	interactions	interaction	NOUN
al-319	143	27	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	144	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	144	2	additional	additional	ADJ
al-319	144	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	144	4	question	question	NOUN
al-319	144	5	about	about	ADP
al-319	144	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	144	7	use	use	NOUN
al-319	144	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	144	9	context	context	NOUN
al-319	144	10	naturally	naturally	ADV
al-319	144	11	arise	arise	VERB
al-319	144	12	in	in	ADP
al-319	144	13	a	a	DET
al-319	144	14	safe	safe	ADJ
al-319	144	15	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	144	16	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	144	17	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	144	18	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	144	19	student	student	NOUN
al-319	144	20	bring	bring	VERB
al-319	144	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	144	22	their	their	PRON
al-319	144	23	outside	outside	ADJ
al-319	144	24	experiences	experience	NOUN
al-319	144	25	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	144	26	for	for	ADP
al-319	144	27	example	example	NOUN
al-319	144	28	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	144	29	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	144	30	ask	ask	VERB
al-319	144	31	why	why	SCONJ
al-319	144	32	something	something	PRON
al-319	144	33	happened	happen	VERB
al-319	144	34	to	to	ADP
al-319	144	35	them	they	PRON
al-319	144	36	in	in	ADP
al-319	144	37	a	a	DET
al-319	144	38	particular	particular	ADJ
al-319	144	39	way	way	NOUN
al-319	144	40	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	144	41	communicating	communicate	VERB
al-319	144	42	with	with	ADP
al-319	144	43	an	an	DET
al-319	144	44	ns	ns	ADJ
al-319	144	45	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	144	46	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	144	47	if	if	SCONJ
al-319	144	48	a	a	DET
al-319	144	49	tl	tl	PROPN
al-319	144	50	community	community	NOUN
al-319	144	51	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	144	52	have	have	VERB
al-319	144	53	positive	positive	ADJ
al-319	144	54	social	social	ADJ
al-319	144	55	interaction	interaction	NOUN
al-319	144	56	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	145	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	145	2	the	the	DET
al-319	145	3	tl	tl	PROPN
al-319	145	4	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	145	5	with	with	ADP
al-319	145	6	exposure	exposure	NOUN
al-319	145	7	to	to	ADP
al-319	145	8	authentic	authentic	ADJ
al-319	145	9	input	input	NOUN
al-319	145	10	would	would	AUX
al-319	145	11	better	well	ADV
al-319	145	12	help	help	VERB
al-319	145	13	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
al-319	145	14	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	145	15	develop	develop	VERB
al-319	145	16	in	in	ADP
al-319	145	17	l2	l2	NOUN
al-319	145	18	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	145	19	than	than	ADP
al-319	145	20	in	in	ADP
al-319	145	21	their	their	PRON
al-319	145	22	fl	fl	NOUN
al-319	145	23	peers(e.g	peers(e.g	NUM
al-319	145	24	.	.	PROPN
al-319	145	25	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	145	26	niezgoda	niezgoda	PROPN
al-319	145	27	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	145	28	rover	rover	PROPN
al-319	145	29	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	145	30	2011	2011	NUM
al-319	145	31	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	145	32	taguchi	taguchi	PROPN
al-319	145	33	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	145	34	2008	2008	NUM
al-319	145	35	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	145	36	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	146	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	146	2	lauren	lauren	NOUN
al-319	146	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	146	4	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	146	5	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	146	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	147	1	others	other	NOUN
al-319	147	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	147	3	proposed	propose	VERB
al-319	147	4	by	by	ADP
al-319	147	5	susan	susan	PROPN
al-319	147	6	levine	levine	PROPN
al-319	147	7	from	from	ADP
al-319	147	8	her	her	PRON
al-319	147	9	new	new	ADJ
al-319	147	10	study	study	NOUN
al-319	147	11	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	147	12	growth	growth	NOUN
al-319	147	13	in	in	ADP
al-319	147	14	syntax	syntax	NOUN
al-319	147	15	as	as	ADV
al-319	147	16	well	well	ADV
al-319	147	17	as	as	ADP
al-319	147	18	growth	growth	NOUN
al-319	147	19	in	in	ADP
al-319	147	20	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
al-319	147	21	are	be	AUX
al-319	147	22	influenced	influence	VERB
al-319	147	23	greatly	greatly	ADV
al-319	147	24	by	by	ADP
al-319	147	25	environmental	environmental	ADJ
al-319	147	26	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	147	27	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	147	28	the	the	DET
al-319	147	29	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	147	30	input	input	NOUN
al-319	147	31	may	may	AUX
al-319	147	32	consist	consist	VERB
al-319	147	33	of	of	ADP
al-319	147	34	such	such	ADJ
al-319	147	35	activities	activity	NOUN
al-319	147	36	that	that	PRON
al-319	147	37	are	be	AUX
al-319	147	38	more	more	ADV
al-319	147	39	likely	likely	ADJ
al-319	147	40	to	to	PART
al-319	147	41	occur	occur	VERB
al-319	147	42	at	at	ADP
al-319	147	43	school	school	NOUN
al-319	147	44	than	than	ADP
al-319	147	45	at	at	ADP
al-319	147	46	home	home	NOUN
al-319	147	47	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	147	48	levine	levine	PROPN
al-319	147	49	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	147	50	2007:1	2007:1	NOUN
al-319	147	51	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	147	52	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	148	1	c.	c.	PROPN
al-319	148	2	second	second	PROPN
al-319	148	3	language	language	NOUN
al-319	148	4	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	148	5	a	a	DET
al-319	148	6	second	second	ADJ
al-319	148	7	language	language	NOUN
al-319	148	8	learner	learner	NOUN
al-319	148	9	is	be	AUX
al-319	148	10	different	different	ADJ
al-319	148	11	from	from	ADP
al-319	148	12	a	a	DET
al-319	148	13	very	very	ADV
al-319	148	14	young	young	ADJ
al-319	148	15	child	child	NOUN
al-319	148	16	acquiring	acquire	VERB
al-319	148	17	a	a	DET
al-319	148	18	first	first	ADJ
al-319	148	19	language	language	NOUN
al-319	148	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	149	1	children	child	NOUN
al-319	149	2	often	often	ADV
al-319	149	3	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
al-319	149	4	non	non	ADJ
al-319	149	5	-	-	ADJ
al-319	149	6	adult	adult	ADJ
al-319	149	7	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	149	8	like	like	ADJ
al-319	149	9	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
al-319	149	10	of	of	ADP
al-319	149	11	a	a	DET
al-319	149	12	given	give	VERB
al-319	149	13	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
al-319	149	14	expression	expression	NOUN
al-319	149	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	150	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	150	2	such	such	ADJ
al-319	150	3	case	case	NOUN
al-319	150	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	150	5	there	there	PRON
al-319	150	6	are	be	VERB
al-319	150	7	two	two	NUM
al-319	150	8	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
al-319	150	9	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	150	10	1	1	NUM
al-319	150	11	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	150	12	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	151	1	children	child	NOUN
al-319	151	2	have	have	AUX
al-319	151	3	not	not	PART
al-319	151	4	yet	yet	ADV
al-319	151	5	acquired	acquire	VERB
al-319	151	6	the	the	DET
al-319	151	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
al-319	151	8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
al-319	151	9	that	that	PRON
al-319	151	10	is	be	AUX
al-319	151	11	required	require	VERB
al-319	151	12	to	to	PART
al-319	151	13	implement	implement	VERB
al-319	151	14	the	the	DET
al-319	151	15	full	full	ADJ
al-319	151	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	151	17	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	151	18	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	151	19	like	like	ADJ
al-319	151	20	representation	representation	NOUN
al-319	151	21	of	of	ADP
al-319	151	22	the	the	DET
al-319	151	23	given	give	VERB
al-319	151	24	expression	expression	NOUN
al-319	151	25	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	151	26	2	2	NUM
al-319	151	27	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	151	28	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	152	1	children	child	NOUN
al-319	152	2	do	do	AUX
al-319	152	3	possess	possess	VERB
al-319	152	4	the	the	DET
al-319	152	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
al-319	152	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
al-319	152	7	required	require	VERB
al-319	152	8	for	for	ADP
al-319	152	9	the	the	DET
al-319	152	10	full	full	ADJ
al-319	152	11	representation	representation	NOUN
al-319	152	12	of	of	ADP
al-319	152	13	the	the	DET
al-319	152	14	given	give	VERB
al-319	152	15	expression	expression	NOUN
al-319	152	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	152	17	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	152	18	are	be	AUX
al-319	152	19	not	not	PART
al-319	152	20	yet	yet	ADV
al-319	152	21	able	able	ADJ
al-319	152	22	to	to	PART
al-319	152	23	successfully	successfully	ADV
al-319	152	24	utilize	utilize	VERB
al-319	152	25	it	it	PRON
al-319	152	26	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	152	27	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
al-319	152	28	all	all	DET
al-319	152	29	the	the	DET
al-319	152	30	necessary	necessary	ADJ
al-319	152	31	information	information	NOUN
al-319	152	32	into	into	ADP
al-319	152	33	the	the	DET
al-319	152	34	actual	actual	ADJ
al-319	152	35	processing	processing	NOUN
al-319	152	36	/	/	SYM
al-319	152	37	computation	computation	NOUN
al-319	152	38	of	of	ADP
al-319	152	39	the	the	DET
al-319	152	40	meaning	meaning	NOUN
al-319	152	41	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	153	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	153	2	utako	utako	NOUN
al-319	153	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	153	4	2015:288	2015:288	NUM
al-319	153	5	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	153	6	a	a	DET
al-319	153	7	more	more	ADJ
al-319	153	8	definition	definition	NOUN
al-319	153	9	i	i	PRON
al-319	153	10	proposed	propose	VERB
al-319	153	11	by	by	ADP
al-319	153	12	harley	harley	PROPN
al-319	153	13	second	second	ADJ
al-319	153	14	language	language	NOUN
al-319	153	15	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	153	16	happen	happen	VERB
al-319	153	17	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	153	18	a	a	DET
al-319	153	19	child	child	NOUN
al-319	153	20	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	153	21	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	153	22	has	have	AUX
al-319	153	23	already	already	ADV
al-319	153	24	become	become	VERB
al-319	153	25	competence	competence	NOUN
al-319	153	26	at	at	ADP
al-319	153	27	a	a	DET
al-319	153	28	language	language	NOUN
al-319	153	29	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	153	30	then	then	ADV
al-319	153	31	attempt	attempt	VERB
al-319	153	32	to	to	PART
al-319	153	33	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	153	34	another	another	PRON
al-319	153	35	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	154	1	there	there	PRON
al-319	154	2	are	be	VERB
al-319	154	3	a	a	DET
al-319	154	4	number	number	NOUN
al-319	154	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	154	6	reasons	reason	NOUN
al-319	154	7	why	why	SCONJ
al-319	154	8	a	a	DET
al-319	154	9	person	person	NOUN
al-319	154	10	makes	make	VERB
al-319	154	11	find	find	VERB
al-319	154	12	this	this	PRON
al-319	154	13	difficult	difficult	ADJ
al-319	154	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	155	1	first	first	ADV
al-319	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	155	3	we	we	PRON
al-319	155	4	can	can	AUX
al-319	155	5	saw	see	VERB
al-319	155	6	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	155	7	some	some	DET
al-319	155	8	aspects	aspect	NOUN
al-319	155	9	of	of	ADP
al-319	155	10	language	language	NOUN
al-319	155	11	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	155	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
al-319	155	13	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	155	14	involving	involve	VERB
al-319	155	15	syntax	syntax	NOUN
al-319	155	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	155	17	are	be	AUX
al-319	155	18	more	more	ADV
al-319	155	19	difficult	difficult	ADJ
al-319	155	20	outside	outside	ADP
al-319	155	21	the	the	DET
al-319	155	22	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	155	23	period	period	NOUN
al-319	155	24	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	156	1	second	second	ADJ
al-319	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	156	3	older	old	ADJ
al-319	156	4	children	child	NOUN
al-319	156	5	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	156	6	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	156	7	often	often	ADV
al-319	156	8	have	have	VERB
al-319	156	9	less	less	ADJ
al-319	156	10	time	time	NOUN
al-319	156	11	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	156	12	motivation	motivation	NOUN
al-319	156	13	to	to	PART
al-319	156	14	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	156	15	second	second	ADJ
al-319	156	16	language	language	NOUN
al-319	156	17	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	157	1	third	third	ADJ
al-319	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	157	3	there	there	PRON
al-319	157	4	will	will	AUX
al-319	157	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	157	6	course	course	NOUN
al-319	157	7	be	be	AUX
al-319	157	8	similarities	similarity	NOUN
al-319	157	9	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	157	10	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	157	11	between	between	ADP
al-319	157	12	the	the	DET
al-319	157	13	first	first	ADJ
al-319	157	14	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	157	15	l1	l1	PROPN
al-319	157	16	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	157	17	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	157	18	harley	harley	NOUN
al-319	157	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	157	20	2001:146	2001:146	NUM
al-319	157	21	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	157	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	158	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	158	2	line	line	NOUN
al-319	158	3	with	with	ADP
al-319	158	4	definition	definition	NOUN
al-319	158	5	above	above	ADV
al-319	158	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	158	7	steinberg	steinberg	PROPN
al-319	158	8	argue	argue	VERB
al-319	158	9	when	when	SCONJ
al-319	158	10	the	the	DET
al-319	158	11	child	child	NOUN
al-319	158	12	learns	learn	VERB
al-319	158	13	a	a	DET
al-319	158	14	first	first	ADJ
al-319	158	15	language	language	NOUN
al-319	158	16	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	158	17	we	we	PRON
al-319	158	18	may	may	AUX
al-319	158	19	said	say	VERB
al-319	158	20	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	158	21	the	the	DET
al-319	158	22	child	child	NOUN
al-319	158	23	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	158	24	the	the	DET
al-319	158	25	language	language	NOUN
al-319	158	26	under	under	ADP
al-319	158	27	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	158	28	conditions	condition	NOUN
al-319	158	29	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	159	1	such	such	DET
al-319	159	2	a	a	DET
al-319	159	3	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	159	4	situation	situation	NOUN
al-319	159	5	generally	generally	ADV
al-319	159	6	differs	differ	VERB
al-319	159	7	greatly	greatly	ADV
al-319	159	8	from	from	ADP
al-319	159	9	artificial	artificial	ADJ
al-319	159	10	once	once	ADV
al-319	159	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	159	12	with	with	ADP
al-319	159	13	the	the	DET
al-319	159	14	most	most	ADV
al-319	159	15	common	common	ADJ
al-319	159	16	one	one	NOUN
al-319	159	17	used	use	VERB
al-319	159	18	in	in	ADP
al-319	159	19	second	second	ADJ
al-319	159	20	language	language	NOUN
al-319	159	21	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	159	22	being	be	AUX
al-319	159	23	the	the	DET
al-319	159	24	school	school	NOUN
al-319	159	25	classroom	classroom	NOUN
al-319	159	26	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	160	1	not	not	PART
al-319	160	2	all	all	DET
al-319	160	3	second	second	ADJ
al-319	160	4	language	language	NOUN
al-319	160	5	can	can	AUX
al-319	160	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	160	7	learned	learn	VERB
al-319	160	8	under	under	ADP
al-319	160	9	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	160	10	condition	condition	NOUN
al-319	160	11	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	160	12	for	for	ADP
al-319	160	13	example	example	NOUN
al-319	160	14	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	160	15	children	child	NOUN
al-319	160	16	who	who	PRON
al-319	160	17	are	be	AUX
al-319	160	18	taking	take	VERB
al-319	160	19	to	to	PART
al-319	160	20	live	live	VERB
al-319	160	21	in	in	ADP
al-319	160	22	foreign	foreign	ADJ
al-319	160	23	country	country	NOUN
al-319	160	24	may	may	AUX
al-319	160	25	learn	learn	VERB
al-319	160	26	a	a	DET
al-319	160	27	second	second	ADJ
al-319	160	28	language	language	NOUN
al-319	160	29	without	without	ADP
al-319	160	30	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	160	31	instruction	instruction	NOUN
al-319	160	32	by	by	ADP
al-319	160	33	associating	associate	VERB
al-319	160	34	with	with	ADP
al-319	160	35	speaker	speaker	NOUN
al-319	160	36	of	of	ADP
al-319	160	37	the	the	DET
al-319	160	38	foreign	foreign	ADJ
al-319	160	39	language	language	NOUN
al-319	160	40	playmate	playmate	NOUN
al-319	160	41	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	160	42	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	160	43	household	household	NOUN
al-319	160	44	personal	personal	NOUN
al-319	160	45	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	161	1	thus	thus	ADV
al-319	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	161	3	a	a	DET
al-319	161	4	second	second	ADJ
al-319	161	5	language	language	NOUN
al-319	161	6	can	can	AUX
al-319	161	7	be	be	AUX
al-319	161	8	learned	learn	VERB
al-319	161	9	under	under	ADP
al-319	161	10	either	either	CCONJ
al-319	161	11	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	161	12	or	or	CCONJ
al-319	161	13	planned	plan	VERB
al-319	161	14	condition	condition	NOUN
al-319	161	15	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	161	16	1982:166	1982:166	NUM
al-319	161	17	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	161	18	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	162	1	a	a	DET
al-319	162	2	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
al-319	162	3	definition	definition	NOUN
al-319	162	4	from	from	ADP
al-319	162	5	krashen	krashen	ADV
al-319	162	6	who	who	PRON
al-319	162	7	stated	state	VERB
al-319	162	8	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	162	9	language	language	NOUN
al-319	162	10	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	162	11	is	be	AUX
al-319	162	12	very	very	ADV
al-319	162	13	similar	similar	ADJ
al-319	162	14	to	to	ADP
al-319	162	15	the	the	DET
al-319	162	16	process	process	NOUN
al-319	162	17	children	child	NOUN
al-319	162	18	use	use	VERB
al-319	162	19	in	in	ADP
al-319	162	20	acquiring	acquire	VERB
al-319	162	21	first	first	ADJ
al-319	162	22	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	162	23	second	second	ADJ
al-319	162	24	languages	language	NOUN
al-319	162	25	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	163	1	it	it	PRON
al-319	163	2	requires	require	VERB
al-319	163	3	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
al-319	163	4	interactions	interaction	NOUN
al-319	163	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	163	6	the	the	DET
al-319	163	7	target	target	NOUN
al-319	163	8	language	language	NOUN
al-319	163	9	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	163	10	natural	natural	ADJ
al-319	163	11	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	163	12	in	in	ADP
al-319	163	13	which	which	PRON
al-319	163	14	speaker	speaker	NOUN
al-319	163	15	are	be	AUX
al-319	163	16	concerned	concern	VERB
al-319	163	17	not	not	PART
al-319	163	18	with	with	ADP
al-319	163	19	the	the	DET
al-319	163	20	form	form	NOUN
al-319	163	21	on	on	ADP
al-319	163	22	their	their	PRON
al-319	163	23	utterances	utterance	NOUN
al-319	163	24	but	but	CCONJ
al-319	163	25	with	with	ADP
al-319	163	26	the	the	DET
al-319	163	27	messages	message	NOUN
al-319	163	28	they	they	PRON
al-319	163	29	are	be	AUX
al-319	163	30	conveying	convey	VERB
al-319	163	31	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	163	32	understanding	understanding	NOUN
al-319	163	33	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	163	34	1981:1	1981:1	NUM
al-319	163	35	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	163	36	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	164	1	the	the	DET
al-319	164	2	assume	assume	VERB
al-319	164	3	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	164	4	children	child	NOUN
al-319	164	5	are	be	AUX
al-319	164	6	better	well	ADJ
al-319	164	7	than	than	ADP
al-319	164	8	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	164	9	only	only	ADV
al-319	164	10	in	in	ADP
al-319	164	11	certain	certain	ADJ
al-319	164	12	areas	area	NOUN
al-319	164	13	of	of	ADP
al-319	164	14	sla	sla	PROPN
al-319	164	15	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	164	16	at	at	ADP
al-319	164	17	acquiring	acquire	VERB
al-319	164	18	accent	accent	ADJ
al-319	164	19	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	164	20	basic	basic	ADJ
al-319	164	21	interpersonal	interpersonal	ADJ
al-319	164	22	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	164	23	skills	skill	NOUN
al-319	164	24	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	165	1	the	the	DET
al-319	165	2	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	165	3	version	version	NOUN
al-319	165	4	of	of	ADP
al-319	165	5	this	this	DET
al-319	165	6	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	165	7	states	state	VERB
al-319	165	8	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	165	9	an	an	DET
al-319	165	10	authentic	authentic	ADJ
al-319	165	11	accent	accent	NOUN
al-319	165	12	is	be	AUX
al-319	165	13	not	not	PART
al-319	165	14	available	available	ADJ
al-319	165	15	unless	unless	SCONJ
al-319	165	16	sla	sla	PROPN
al-319	165	17	begins	begin	VERB
al-319	165	18	before	before	ADP
al-319	165	19	the	the	DET
al-319	165	20	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	165	21	age	age	NOUN
al-319	165	22	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	165	23	the	the	DET
al-319	165	24	‘	'	PUNCT
al-319	165	25	joseph	joseph	PROPN
al-319	165	26	conrad	conrad	PROPN
al-319	165	27	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
al-319	165	28	’	'	PUNCT
al-319	165	29	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	165	30	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	166	1	the	the	DET
al-319	166	2	practical	practical	ADJ
al-319	166	3	question	question	NOUN
al-319	166	4	raised	raise	VERB
al-319	166	5	against	against	ADP
al-319	166	6	this	this	DET
al-319	166	7	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	166	8	version	version	NOUN
al-319	166	9	is	be	AUX
al-319	166	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
al-319	166	11	there	there	PRON
al-319	166	12	are	be	VERB
al-319	166	13	exceptions	exception	NOUN
al-319	166	14	that	that	PRON
al-319	166	15	contradict	contradict	VERB
al-319	166	16	the	the	DET
al-319	166	17	case	case	NOUN
al-319	166	18	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	167	1	scovel	scovel	NOUN
al-319	167	2	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	167	3	1988	1988	NUM
al-319	167	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	167	5	p.	p.	NOUN
al-319	167	6	176	176	NUM
al-319	167	7	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	167	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	167	9	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	167	10	’s	’s	PART
al-319	167	11	article	article	NOUN
al-319	167	12	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	167	13	admits	admit	VERB
al-319	167	14	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	167	15	the	the	DET
al-319	167	16	existence	existence	NOUN
al-319	167	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	167	18	even	even	ADV
al-319	167	19	a	a	DET
al-319	167	20	few	few	ADJ
al-319	167	21	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ
al-319	167	22	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	167	23	who	who	PRON
al-319	167	24	can	can	AUX
al-319	167	25	pass	pass	VERB
al-319	167	26	as	as	ADP
al-319	167	27	native	native	ADJ
al-319	167	28	speakers	speaker	NOUN
al-319	167	29	of	of	ADP
al-319	167	30	a	a	DET
al-319	167	31	language	language	NOUN
al-319	167	32	which	which	PRON
al-319	167	33	they	they	PRON
al-319	167	34	have	have	AUX
al-319	167	35	acquired	acquire	VERB
al-319	167	36	after	after	SCONJ
al-319	167	37	their	their	PRON
al-319	167	38	adolescence	adolescence	NOUN
al-319	167	39	challenges	challenge	VERB
al-319	167	40	the	the	DET
al-319	167	41	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	167	42	version	version	NOUN
al-319	167	43	of	of	ADP
al-319	167	44	the	the	DET
al-319	167	45	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	167	46	period	period	NOUN
al-319	167	47	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	167	48	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	168	1	two	two	NUM
al-319	168	2	projects	project	NOUN
al-319	168	3	aimed	aim	VERB
al-319	168	4	to	to	PART
al-319	168	5	challenge	challenge	VERB
al-319	168	6	the	the	DET
al-319	168	7	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	168	8	version	version	NOUN
al-319	168	9	of	of	ADP
al-319	168	10	the	the	DET
al-319	168	11	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	168	12	period	period	NOUN
al-319	168	13	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	168	14	by	by	ADP
al-319	168	15	identifying	identify	VERB
al-319	168	16	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	168	17	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	168	18	of	of	ADP
al-319	168	19	a	a	DET
al-319	168	20	second	second	ADJ
al-319	168	21	language	language	NOUN
al-319	168	22	who	who	PRON
al-319	168	23	started	start	VERB
al-319	168	24	sla	sla	PROPN
al-319	168	25	after	after	ADP
al-319	168	26	puberty	puberty	NOUN
al-319	168	27	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	168	28	have	have	AUX
al-319	168	29	been	be	AUX
al-319	168	30	able	able	ADJ
al-319	168	31	to	to	PART
al-319	168	32	achieve	achieve	VERB
al-319	168	33	native	native	ADJ
al-319	168	34	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
al-319	168	35	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	168	36	nikolov	nikolov	PROPN
al-319	168	37	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	168	38	1994	1994	NUM
al-319	168	39	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	168	40	1995	1995	NUM
al-319	168	41	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	168	42	2000a	2000a	NUM
al-319	168	43	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	168	44	bongaerts	bongaert	NOUN
al-319	168	45	et	et	PROPN
al-319	168	46	al	al	PROPN
al-319	168	47	.	.	PROPN
al-319	168	48	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	168	49	1997	1997	NUM
al-319	168	50	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	168	51	in	in	ADP
al-319	168	52	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	168	53	’s	’s	PART
al-319	168	54	article	article	NOUN
al-319	168	55	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	169	1	the	the	DET
al-319	169	2	earlier	early	ADJ
al-319	169	3	one	one	NOUN
al-319	169	4	was	be	AUX
al-319	169	5	conducted	conduct	VERB
al-319	169	6	in	in	ADP
al-319	169	7	hungary	hungary	PROPN
al-319	169	8	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	169	9	it	it	PRON
al-319	169	10	consisted	consist	VERB
al-319	169	11	of	of	ADP
al-319	169	12	two	two	NUM
al-319	169	13	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	169	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	170	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	170	2	the	the	DET
al-319	170	3	first	first	ADJ
al-319	170	4	study	study	NOUN
al-319	170	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	170	6	out	out	ADP
al-319	170	7	of	of	ADP
al-319	170	8	20	20	NUM
al-319	170	9	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	170	10	speakers	speaker	NOUN
al-319	170	11	of	of	ADP
al-319	170	12	hungarian	hungarian	ADJ
al-319	170	13	with	with	ADP
al-319	170	14	various	various	ADJ
al-319	170	15	first	first	ADJ
al-319	170	16	languages	language	NOUN
al-319	170	17	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	170	18	who	who	PRON
al-319	170	19	started	start	VERB
al-319	170	20	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	170	21	the	the	DET
al-319	170	22	target	target	NOUN
al-319	170	23	language	language	NOUN
al-319	170	24	after	after	ADP
al-319	170	25	puberty	puberty	NOUN
al-319	170	26	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	170	27	two	two	NUM
al-319	170	28	were	be	AUX
al-319	170	29	generally	generally	ADV
al-319	170	30	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	170	31	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	170	32	four	four	NUM
al-319	170	33	were	be	AUX
al-319	170	34	often	often	ADV
al-319	170	35	mistaken	mistaken	ADJ
al-319	170	36	for	for	ADP
al-319	170	37	native	native	ADJ
al-319	170	38	speakers	speaker	NOUN
al-319	170	39	in	in	ADP
al-319	170	40	a	a	DET
al-319	170	41	listening	listen	VERB
al-319	170	42	task	task	NOUN
al-319	170	43	by	by	ADP
al-319	170	44	three	three	NUM
al-319	170	45	groups	group	NOUN
al-319	170	46	of	of	ADP
al-319	170	47	hungarian	hungarian	ADJ
al-319	170	48	judges	judge	NOUN
al-319	170	49	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	171	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	171	2	the	the	DET
al-319	171	3	second	second	ADJ
al-319	171	4	study	study	NOUN
al-319	171	5	involving	involve	VERB
al-319	171	6	13	13	NUM
al-319	171	7	hungarian	hungarian	ADJ
al-319	171	8	speakers	speaker	NOUN
al-319	171	9	of	of	ADP
al-319	171	10	english	english	PROPN
al-319	171	11	one	one	NUM
al-319	171	12	was	be	AUX
al-319	171	13	generally	generally	ADV
al-319	171	14	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	171	15	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	171	16	four	four	NUM
al-319	171	17	others	other	NOUN
al-319	171	18	were	be	AUX
al-319	171	19	mistaken	mistaken	ADJ
al-319	171	20	for	for	ADP
al-319	171	21	a	a	DET
al-319	171	22	native	native	ADJ
al-319	171	23	speaker	speaker	NOUN
al-319	171	24	by	by	ADP
al-319	171	25	half	half	NOUN
al-319	171	26	of	of	ADP
al-319	171	27	the	the	DET
al-319	171	28	native	native	ADJ
al-319	171	29	judges	judge	NOUN
al-319	171	30	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	172	1	the	the	DET
al-319	172	2	other	other	ADJ
al-319	172	3	project	project	NOUN
al-319	172	4	also	also	ADV
al-319	172	5	involved	involve	VERB
al-319	172	6	two	two	NUM
al-319	172	7	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	172	8	;	;	PUNCT
al-319	172	9	they	they	PRON
al-319	172	10	both	both	PRON
al-319	172	11	examined	examine	VERB
al-319	172	12	highly	highly	ADV
al-319	172	13	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	172	14	dutch	dutch	ADJ
al-319	172	15	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	172	16	of	of	ADP
al-319	172	17	english	english	PROPN
al-319	172	18	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	173	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
al-319	173	2	to	to	ADP
al-319	173	3	the	the	DET
al-319	173	4	previous	previous	ADJ
al-319	173	5	project	project	NOUN
al-319	173	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	173	7	native	native	ADJ
al-319	173	8	judges	judge	NOUN
al-319	173	9	were	be	AUX
al-319	173	10	used	use	VERB
al-319	173	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	174	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	174	2	the	the	DET
al-319	174	3	first	first	ADJ
al-319	174	4	study	study	NOUN
al-319	174	5	22	22	NUM
al-319	174	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	174	7	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	174	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	174	9	the	the	DET
al-319	174	10	second	second	ADJ
al-319	174	11	33	33	NUM
al-319	174	12	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	174	13	were	be	AUX
al-319	174	14	involved	involve	VERB
al-319	174	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	175	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	175	2	both	both	DET
al-319	175	3	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	175	4	native	native	ADJ
al-319	175	5	judges	judge	NOUN
al-319	175	6	were	be	AUX
al-319	175	7	typically	typically	ADV
al-319	175	8	unable	unable	ADJ
al-319	175	9	to	to	PART
al-319	175	10	tell	tell	VERB
al-319	175	11	native	native	ADJ
al-319	175	12	speakers	speaker	NOUN
al-319	175	13	of	of	ADP
al-319	175	14	english	english	PROPN
al-319	175	15	from	from	ADP
al-319	175	16	dutch	dutch	ADJ
al-319	175	17	speakers	speaker	NOUN
al-319	175	18	of	of	ADP
al-319	175	19	english	english	PROPN
al-319	175	20	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	176	1	the	the	DET
al-319	176	2	findings	finding	NOUN
al-319	176	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	176	4	these	these	DET
al-319	176	5	two	two	NUM
al-319	176	6	projects	project	NOUN
al-319	176	7	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	176	8	another	another	DET
al-319	176	9	study	study	NOUN
al-319	176	10	investigating	investigate	VERB
al-319	176	11	two	two	NUM
al-319	176	12	successful	successful	ADJ
al-319	176	13	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	176	14	of	of	ADP
al-319	176	15	egyptian	egyptian	ADJ
al-319	176	16	arabic	arabic	PROPN
al-319	176	17	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	176	18	ioup	ioup	PROPN
al-319	176	19	et	et	PROPN
al-319	176	20	al	al	PROPN
al-319	176	21	.	.	PROPN
al-319	176	22	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	176	23	1994	1994	NUM
al-319	176	24	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	176	25	have	have	AUX
al-319	176	26	rovided	rovide	VERB
al-319	176	27	further	further	ADJ
al-319	176	28	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	176	29	against	against	ADP
al-319	176	30	the	the	DET
al-319	176	31	strong	strong	ADJ
al-319	176	32	version	version	NOUN
al-319	176	33	of	of	ADP
al-319	176	34	the	the	DET
al-319	176	35	critical	critical	ADJ
al-319	176	36	period	period	NOUN
al-319	176	37	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	176	38	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	177	1	as	as	ADV
al-319	177	2	far	far	ADV
al-319	177	3	as	as	SCONJ
al-319	177	4	the	the	DET
al-319	177	5	original	original	ADJ
al-319	177	6	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	177	7	is	be	AUX
al-319	177	8	concerned	concern	VERB
al-319	177	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	177	10	according	accord	VERB
al-319	177	11	to	to	ADP
al-319	177	12	which	which	PRON
al-319	177	13	young	young	ADJ
al-319	177	14	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	177	15	are	be	AUX
al-319	177	16	better	well	ADJ
al-319	177	17	in	in	ADP
al-319	177	18	certain	certain	ADJ
al-319	177	19	areas	area	NOUN
al-319	177	20	of	of	ADP
al-319	177	21	sla	sla	PROPN
al-319	177	22	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	177	23	singleton	singleton	PROPN
al-319	177	24	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	177	25	1989	1989	NUM
al-319	177	26	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	177	27	in	in	ADP
al-319	177	28	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	177	29	’s	’s	PART
al-319	177	30	article	article	PROPN
al-319	177	31	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	177	32	reexamines	reexamine	VERB
al-319	177	33	the	the	DET
al-319	177	34	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	177	35	that	that	PRON
al-319	177	36	indicated	indicate	VERB
al-319	177	37	greater	great	ADJ
al-319	177	38	success	success	NOUN
al-319	177	39	for	for	ADP
al-319	177	40	younger	young	ADJ
al-319	177	41	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	177	42	on	on	ADP
al-319	177	43	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
al-319	177	44	/	/	SYM
al-319	177	45	phonological	phonological	ADJ
al-319	177	46	performance	performance	NOUN
al-319	177	47	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	177	48	points	point	VERB
al-319	177	49	out	out	ADP
al-319	177	50	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	177	51	even	even	ADV
al-319	177	52	in	in	ADP
al-319	177	53	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	177	54	which	which	PRON
al-319	177	55	seem	seem	VERB
al-319	177	56	to	to	PART
al-319	177	57	indicate	indicate	VERB
al-319	177	58	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	177	59	younger	young	ADJ
al-319	177	60	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	177	61	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	177	62	native	native	ADJ
al-319	177	63	accent	accent	NOUN
al-319	177	64	the	the	DET
al-319	177	65	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	177	66	is	be	AUX
al-319	177	67	for	for	ADP
al-319	177	68	a	a	DET
al-319	177	69	trend	trend	NOUN
al-319	177	70	rather	rather	ADV
al-319	177	71	than	than	ADP
al-319	177	72	for	for	ADP
al-319	177	73	a	a	DET
al-319	177	74	rule	rule	NOUN
al-319	177	75	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	178	1	as	as	ADP
al-319	178	2	for	for	ADP
al-319	178	3	the	the	DET
al-319	178	4	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	178	5	of	of	ADP
al-319	178	6	basic	basic	ADJ
al-319	178	7	interpersonal	interpersonal	ADJ
al-319	178	8	communication	communication	NOUN
al-319	178	9	skills	skill	NOUN
al-319	178	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	178	11	he	he	PRON
al-319	178	12	concludes	conclude	VERB
al-319	178	13	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	178	14	a	a	DET
al-319	178	15	large	large	ADJ
al-319	178	16	number	number	NOUN
al-319	178	17	of	of	ADP
al-319	178	18	studies	study	NOUN
al-319	178	19	are	be	AUX
al-319	178	20	not	not	PART
al-319	178	21	very	very	ADV
al-319	178	22	obviously	obviously	ADV
al-319	178	23	supportive	supportive	ADJ
al-319	178	24	of	of	ADP
al-319	178	25	the	the	DET
al-319	178	26	notion	notion	NOUN
al-319	178	27	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	178	28	younger	young	ADJ
al-319	178	29	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	178	30	acquire	acquire	VERB
al-319	178	31	bics	bic	NOUN
al-319	178	32	more	more	ADV
al-319	178	33	readily	readily	ADV
al-319	178	34	than	than	ADP
al-319	178	35	older	old	ADJ
al-319	178	36	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	178	37	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	179	1	in	in	ADP
al-319	179	2	reference	reference	NOUN
al-319	179	3	to	to	ADP
al-319	179	4	the	the	DET
al-319	179	5	claim	claim	NOUN
al-319	179	6	according	accord	VERB
al-319	179	7	to	to	ADP
al-319	179	8	which	which	PRON
al-319	179	9	young	young	ADJ
al-319	179	10	children	child	NOUN
al-319	179	11	are	be	AUX
al-319	179	12	generally	generally	ADV
al-319	179	13	better	well	ADJ
al-319	179	14	at	at	ADP
al-319	179	15	acquiring	acquire	VERB
al-319	179	16	bics	bic	NOUN
al-319	179	17	than	than	ADP
al-319	179	18	calp	calp	PROPN
al-319	179	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	179	20	singleton	singleton	PROPN
al-319	179	21	’s	’s	PART
al-319	179	22	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
al-319	179	23	contrasts	contrast	VERB
al-319	179	24	younger	young	ADJ
al-319	179	25	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	179	26	with	with	ADP
al-319	179	27	adults	adult	NOUN
al-319	179	28	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	179	29	not	not	PART
al-319	179	30	child	child	NOUN
al-319	179	31	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	179	32	of	of	ADP
al-319	179	33	the	the	DET
al-319	179	34	two	two	NUM
al-319	179	35	types	type	NOUN
al-319	179	36	of	of	ADP
al-319	179	37	skills	skill	NOUN
al-319	179	38	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	180	1	to	to	PART
al-319	180	2	sum	sum	VERB
al-319	180	3	up	up	ADP
al-319	180	4	the	the	DET
al-319	180	5	findings	finding	NOUN
al-319	180	6	concerning	concern	VERB
al-319	180	7	the	the	DET
al-319	180	8	third	third	ADJ
al-319	180	9	position	position	NOUN
al-319	180	10	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	180	11	the	the	DET
al-319	180	12	evidence	evidence	NOUN
al-319	180	13	does	do	AUX
al-319	180	14	not	not	PART
al-319	180	15	consistently	consistently	ADV
al-319	180	16	support	support	VERB
al-319	180	17	the	the	DET
al-319	180	18	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
al-319	180	19	that	that	PRON
al-319	180	20	younger	young	ADJ
al-319	180	21	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	180	22	are	be	AUX
al-319	180	23	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
al-319	180	24	more	more	ADV
al-319	180	25	efficient	efficient	ADJ
al-319	180	26	than	than	ADP
al-319	180	27	older	old	ADJ
al-319	180	28	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	180	29	in	in	ADP
al-319	180	30	the	the	DET
al-319	180	31	phonetic	phonetic	ADJ
al-319	180	32	/	/	SYM
al-319	180	33	phonological	phonological	ADJ
al-319	180	34	domain	domain	NOUN
al-319	180	35	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	181	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	181	2	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	181	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	181	4	2002	2002	NUM
al-319	181	5	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	181	6	17	17	NUM
al-319	181	7	–	–	SYM
al-319	181	8	63	63	NUM
al-319	181	9	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	181	10	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	182	1	d.	d.	PROPN
al-319	182	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
al-319	182	3	in	in	ADP
al-319	182	4	reference	reference	NOUN
al-319	182	5	to	to	ADP
al-319	182	6	the	the	DET
al-319	182	7	discussion	discussion	NOUN
al-319	182	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	182	9	it	it	PRON
al-319	182	10	is	be	AUX
al-319	182	11	evident	evident	ADJ
al-319	182	12	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	182	13	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	182	14	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	182	15	are	be	AUX
al-319	182	16	great	great	ADJ
al-319	182	17	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	182	18	in	in	ADP
al-319	182	19	second	second	ADJ
al-319	182	20	language	language	NOUN
al-319	182	21	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	182	22	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	183	1	this	this	PRON
al-319	183	2	implies	imply	VERB
al-319	183	3	that	that	SCONJ
al-319	183	4	the	the	DET
al-319	183	5	development	development	NOUN
al-319	183	6	of	of	ADP
al-319	183	7	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	183	8	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
al-319	183	9	could	could	AUX
al-319	183	10	improve	improve	VERB
al-319	183	11	the	the	DET
al-319	183	12	second	second	ADJ
al-319	183	13	language	language	NOUN
al-319	183	14	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	183	15	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	184	1	the	the	DET
al-319	184	2	development	development	NOUN
al-319	184	3	those	those	DET
al-319	184	4	factors	factor	NOUN
al-319	184	5	could	could	AUX
al-319	184	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	184	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
al-319	184	8	via	via	ADP
al-319	184	9	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	184	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	184	11	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	184	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	184	13	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	184	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	185	1	wherein	wherein	ADJ
al-319	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	185	3	informal	informal	ADJ
al-319	185	4	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	185	5	can	can	AUX
al-319	185	6	be	be	AUX
al-319	185	7	quite	quite	ADV
al-319	185	8	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
al-319	185	9	for	for	ADP
al-319	185	10	adult	adult	NOUN
al-319	185	11	second	second	ADJ
al-319	185	12	language	language	NOUN
al-319	185	13	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	185	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	186	1	formal	formal	ADJ
al-319	186	2	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	186	3	are	be	AUX
al-319	186	4	also	also	ADV
al-319	186	5	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
al-319	186	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	187	1	references	reference	NOUN
al-319	187	2	ana	ana	PROPN
al-319	187	3	aznar	aznar	PROPN
al-319	187	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	187	5	harriet	harriet	PROPN
al-319	187	6	r.	r.	PROPN
al-319	187	7	tenenbaum	tenenbaum	PROPN
al-319	187	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	188	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	188	2	2014	2014	NUM
al-319	188	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	188	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	189	1	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	189	2	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	189	3	age	age	NOUN
al-319	189	4	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	189	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	189	6	parent	parent	NOUN
al-319	189	7	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	189	8	child	child	NOUN
al-319	189	9	emotion	emotion	NOUN
al-319	189	10	talk	talk	NOUN
al-319	189	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	190	1	british	british	ADJ
al-319	190	2	journal	journal	PROPN
al-319	190	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	190	4	developmental	developmental	ADJ
al-319	190	5	psychology	psychology	NOUN
al-319	190	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	191	1	33	33	NUM
al-319	191	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	191	3	148	148	NUM
al-319	191	4	-	-	SYM
al-319	191	5	155	155	NUM
al-319	191	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	192	1	becky	becky	PROPN
al-319	192	2	h.	h.	PROPN
al-319	192	3	huang	huang	PROPN
al-319	192	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	193	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	193	2	2013	2013	NUM
al-319	193	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	193	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	194	1	the	the	DET
al-319	194	2	effects	effect	NOUN
al-319	194	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	194	4	age	age	NOUN
al-319	194	5	on	on	ADP
al-319	194	6	second	second	ADJ
al-319	194	7	language	language	NOUN
al-319	194	8	grammar	grammar	NOUN
al-319	194	9	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	194	10	speech	speech	NOUN
al-319	194	11	production	production	NOUN
al-319	194	12	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	195	1	©	©	PROPN
al-319	195	2	springer	springer	NOUN
al-319	195	3	science+business	science+business	NOUN
al-319	195	4	media	medium	NOUN
al-319	195	5	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	196	1	new	new	PROPN
al-319	196	2	york	york	PROPN
al-319	196	3	.	.	PROPN
al-319	197	1	published	publish	VERB
al-319	197	2	online	online	ADV
al-319	197	3	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	197	4	23	23	NUM
al-319	197	5	august	august	PROPN
al-319	197	6	2013	2013	NUM
al-319	197	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	198	1	harley	harley	PROPN
al-319	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	198	3	trevor	trevor	NOUN
al-319	198	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	199	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	199	2	2001	2001	NUM
al-319	199	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	199	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	200	1	the	the	DET
al-319	200	2	psychology	psychology	NOUN
al-319	200	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	200	4	language	language	NOUN
al-319	200	5	from	from	ADP
al-319	200	6	data	datum	NOUN
al-319	200	7	to	to	ADP
al-319	200	8	theory	theory	NOUN
al-319	200	9	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	201	1	new	new	PROPN
al-319	201	2	york	york	PROPN
al-319	201	3	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	201	4	psychology	psychology	NOUN
al-319	201	5	press	press	NOUN
al-319	201	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	202	1	ltd	ltd	PROPN
al-319	202	2	.	.	PROPN
al-319	203	1	james	james	PROPN
al-319	203	2	emil	emil	PROPN
al-319	203	3	flege	flege	PROPN
al-319	203	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	203	5	grace	grace	PROPN
al-319	203	6	h.	h.	PROPN
al-319	203	7	yeni	yeni	PROPN
al-319	203	8	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	203	9	komshian	komshian	ADJ
al-319	203	10	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	204	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	204	2	1999	1999	NUM
al-319	204	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	204	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	205	1	age	age	NOUN
al-319	205	2	constraints	constraint	NOUN
al-319	205	3	on	on	ADP
al-319	205	4	second	second	ADJ
al-319	205	5	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	205	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	205	7	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	205	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	206	1	journal	journal	NOUN
al-319	206	2	of	of	ADP
al-319	206	3	memory	memory	NOUN
al-319	206	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	206	5	language	language	NOUN
al-319	206	6	41	41	NUM
al-319	206	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	206	8	78104	78104	NUM
al-319	206	9	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	207	1	john	john	PROPN
al-319	207	2	a.	a.	PROPN
al-319	207	3	dixon1,3	dixon1,3	PROPN
al-319	207	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	207	5	don	don	PROPN
al-319	207	6	h.	h.	PROPN
al-319	207	7	foster2	foster2	PROPN
al-319	207	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	208	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	208	2	1997	1997	NUM
al-319	208	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	208	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	209	1	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	209	2	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	209	3	hedging	hedging	NOUN
al-319	209	4	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	209	5	from	from	ADP
al-319	209	6	sex	sex	NOUN
al-319	209	7	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	209	8	to	to	ADP
al-319	209	9	situated	situated	ADJ
al-319	209	10	practice	practice	NOUN
al-319	209	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	210	1	journal	journal	NOUN
al-319	210	2	of	of	ADP
al-319	210	3	psycholinguistic	psycholinguistic	ADJ
al-319	210	4	research	research	NOUN
al-319	210	5	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	211	1	vol	vol	NOUN
al-319	211	2	.	.	PROPN
al-319	212	1	26	26	NUM
al-319	212	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	212	3	no	no	INTJ
al-319	212	4	.	.	NOUN
al-319	212	5	1	1	NUM
al-319	212	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	212	7	1997	1997	NUM
al-319	213	1	karen	karen	PROPN
al-319	213	2	a.	a.	PROPN
al-319	213	3	hussey	hussey	PROPN
al-319	213	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	213	5	albert	albert	PROPN
al-319	213	6	n.	n.	PROPN
al-319	213	7	katz	katz	PROPN
al-319	213	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	214	1	scott	scott	PROPN
al-319	214	2	a.	a.	PROPN
al-319	214	3	leith	leith	PROPN
al-319	214	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	215	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	215	2	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	215	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	215	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	216	1	gendered	gendere	VERB
al-319	216	2	language	language	NOUN
al-319	216	3	in	in	ADP
al-319	216	4	interactive	interactive	ADJ
al-319	216	5	discourse	discourse	NOUN
al-319	216	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	217	1	j	j	PROPN
al-319	217	2	psycholinguist	psycholinguist	PROPN
al-319	217	3	res	re	NOUN
al-319	217	4	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	217	5	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	217	6	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	217	7	44:417–433	44:417–433	NOUN
al-319	217	8	doi	doi	VERB
al-319	217	9	10.1007	10.1007	NUM
al-319	217	10	/	/	SYM
al-319	217	11	s10936	s10936	PROPN
al-319	217	12	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	217	13	014	014	NUM
al-319	217	14	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	217	15	9295	9295	NUM
al-319	217	16	-	-	SYM
al-319	217	17	5	5	NUM
al-319	217	18	krashen	krashen	ADJ
al-319	217	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	217	20	stephen	stephen	PROPN
al-319	217	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	218	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	218	2	2002	2002	NUM
al-319	218	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	218	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	219	1	second	second	ADJ
al-319	219	2	language	language	NOUN
al-319	219	3	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	219	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	219	5	second	second	ADJ
al-319	219	6	language	language	NOUN
al-319	219	7	learning	learning	NOUN
al-319	219	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	220	1	soutthern	soutthern	PROPN
al-319	220	2	california	california	PROPN
al-319	220	3	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	221	1	pergamon	pergamon	PROPN
al-319	221	2	press	press	PROPN
al-319	221	3	inc	inc	PROPN
al-319	221	4	.	.	PROPN
al-319	221	5	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	221	6	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	221	7	peter	peter	PROPN
al-319	221	8	.	.	PROPN
al-319	221	9	ag	ag	PROPN
al-319	221	10	.	.	PROPN
al-319	221	11	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	221	12	2002	2002	NUM
al-319	221	13	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	221	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	222	1	issues	issue	NOUN
al-319	222	2	in	in	ADP
al-319	222	3	english	english	ADJ
al-319	222	4	language	language	NOUN
al-319	222	5	education	education	NOUN
al-319	222	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	223	1	switzerland	switzerland	NOUN
al-319	223	2	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	223	3	european	european	ADJ
al-319	223	4	academic	academic	ADJ
al-319	223	5	publishers	publisher	NOUN
al-319	223	6	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	224	1	lauren	lauren	PROPN
al-319	224	2	wyner	wyner	PROPN
al-319	224	3	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	225	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	225	2	2002	2002	NUM
al-319	225	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	225	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	226	1	second	second	ADJ
al-319	226	2	language	language	NOUN
al-319	226	3	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
al-319	226	4	ability	ability	NOUN
al-319	226	5	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	226	6	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	226	7	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	226	8	according	accord	VERB
al-319	226	9	to	to	ADP
al-319	226	10	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	226	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	227	1	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	227	3	p.	p.	PROPN
al-319	227	4	issues	issue	NOUN
al-319	227	5	in	in	ADP
al-319	227	6	la	la	PROPN
al-319	227	7	&	&	CCONJ
al-319	227	8	lang	lang	PROPN
al-319	227	9	edu	edu	PROPN
al-319	227	10	.	.	PROPN
al-319	227	11	17	17	NUM
al-319	227	12	–	–	SYM
al-319	227	13	63	63	NUM
al-319	227	14	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	228	1	leyla	leyla	PROPN
al-319	228	2	vakili	vakili	PROPN
al-319	228	3	samiyan	samiyan	PROPN
al-319	228	4	..	..	PUNCT
al-319	229	1	a	a	DET
al-319	229	2	study	study	NOUN
al-319	229	3	on	on	ADP
al-319	229	4	relationship	relationship	NOUN
al-319	229	5	between	between	ADP
al-319	229	6	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	229	7	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	229	8	learning	learn	VERB
al-319	229	9	strategies	strategy	NOUN
al-319	229	10	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	229	11	achievement	achievement	NOUN
al-319	229	12	among	among	ADP
al-319	229	13	iranian	iranian	ADJ
al-319	229	14	efl	efl	PROPN
al-319	229	15	learners	learner	NOUN
al-319	229	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	230	1	safir	safir	PROPN
al-319	230	2	danesh	danesh	PROPN
al-319	230	3	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	230	4	sama	sama	PROPN
al-319	230	5	foreign	foreign	PROPN
al-319	230	6	language	language	PROPN
al-319	230	7	institute	institute	PROPN
al-319	230	8	mashhad	mashhad	PROPN
al-319	230	9	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	230	10	iran	iran	PROPN
al-319	230	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	231	1	levine	levine	PROPN
al-319	231	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	231	3	susan	susan	PROPN
al-319	231	4	.	.	PROPN
al-319	232	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	232	2	2007	2007	NUM
al-319	232	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	232	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	233	1	environment	environment	NOUN
al-319	233	2	input	input	NOUN
al-319	233	3	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	233	4	cognitive	cognitive	NOUN
al-319	233	5	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	233	6	a	a	DET
al-319	233	7	study	study	NOUN
al-319	233	8	using	use	VERB
al-319	233	9	time	time	NOUN
al-319	233	10	period	period	NOUN
al-319	233	11	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
al-319	233	12	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	234	1	journal	journal	PROPN
al-319	234	2	child	child	NOUN
al-319	234	3	development	development	PROPN
al-319	234	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	234	5	16	16	NUM
al-319	234	6	june	june	PROPN
al-319	234	7	2007	2007	NUM
al-319	234	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	235	1	mahmoud	mahmoud	PROPN
al-319	235	2	mobaraki1	mobaraki1	PROPN
al-319	235	3	.	.	PROPN
al-319	235	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	235	5	ferdows	ferdow	VERB
al-319	235	6	aghagolzade	aghagolzade	ADV
al-319	235	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	235	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	235	9	etc	etc	X
al-319	235	10	.	.	X
al-319	236	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	236	2	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	236	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	236	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	237	1	the	the	DET
al-319	237	2	role	role	NOUN
al-319	237	3	of	of	ADP
al-319	237	4	gender	gender	NOUN
al-319	237	5	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	237	6	personality	personality	NOUN
al-319	237	7	traits	trait	NOUN
al-319	237	8	in	in	ADP
al-319	237	9	using	use	VERB
al-319	237	10	lexical	lexical	ADJ
al-319	237	11	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
al-319	237	12	devices	device	NOUN
al-319	237	13	in	in	ADP
al-319	237	14	oral	oral	ADJ
al-319	237	15	interactions	interaction	NOUN
al-319	237	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	238	1	journal	journal	NOUN
al-319	238	2	of	of	ADP
al-319	238	3	literature	literature	NOUN
al-319	238	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	238	5	languages	language	NOUN
al-319	238	6	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	238	7	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
al-319	238	8	issn	issn	PROPN
al-319	238	9	2422	2422	NUM
al-319	238	10	-	-	SYM
al-319	238	11	8435	8435	NUM
al-319	238	12	an	an	DET
al-319	238	13	international	international	ADJ
al-319	238	14	peer	peer	NOUN
al-319	238	15	-	-	PUNCT
al-319	238	16	reviewed	review	VERB
al-319	238	17	journal	journal	NOUN
al-319	238	18	vol.13	vol.13	PROPN
al-319	238	19	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	238	20	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	238	21	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	239	1	mariko	mariko	PROPN
al-319	239	2	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	240	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	240	2	2012	2012	NUM
al-319	240	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	240	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	241	1	individual	individual	ADJ
al-319	241	2	differences	difference	NOUN
al-319	241	3	in	in	ADP
al-319	241	4	second	second	ADJ
al-319	241	5	language	language	NOUN
al-319	241	6	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	241	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	242	1	purdue	purdue	PROPN
al-319	242	2	university	university	PROPN
al-319	242	3	school	school	NOUN
al-319	242	4	of	of	ADP
al-319	242	5	languages	language	NOUN
al-319	242	6	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	242	7	cultures	culture	NOUN
al-319	242	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	243	1	ffll	ffll	PROPN
al-319	243	2	/	/	SYM
al-319	243	3	fr	fr	PROPN
al-319	243	4	/	/	SYM
al-319	243	5	ger	ger	NOUN
al-319	243	6	/	/	SYM
al-319	243	7	jpns	jpns	NOUN
al-319	243	8	/	/	SYM
al-319	243	9	span	span	NOUN
al-319	243	10	679	679	NUM
al-319	243	11	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	244	1	ling	le	VERB
al-319	244	2	689	689	NUM
al-319	244	3	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	245	1	utako	utako	PROPN
al-319	245	2	minai	minai	PROPN
al-319	245	3	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	245	4	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	245	5	miwa	miwa	PROPN
al-319	245	6	isobe	isobe	PROPN
al-319	245	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	245	8	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	245	9	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	245	10	reiko	reiko	NOUN
al-319	245	11	okabe	okabe	NOUN
al-319	245	12	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	246	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	246	2	2015	2015	NUM
al-319	246	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	246	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	247	1	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
al-319	247	2	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	247	3	use	use	NOUN
al-319	247	4	of	of	ADP
al-319	247	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
al-319	247	6	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
al-319	247	7	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	247	8	scrambling	scramble	VERB
al-319	247	9	in	in	ADP
al-319	247	10	child	child	NOUN
al-319	247	11	japanese	japanese	PROPN
al-319	247	12	as	as	ADP
al-319	247	13	a	a	DET
al-319	247	14	test	test	NOUN
al-319	247	15	case	case	NOUN
al-319	247	16	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	248	1	j	j	PROPN
al-319	248	2	psycholinguist	psycholinguist	PROPN
al-319	248	3	res	re	VERB
al-319	248	4	44:287–307	44:287–307	PROPN
al-319	248	5	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	249	1	pasty	pasty	ADJ
al-319	249	2	m	m	VERB
al-319	249	3	lightbown	lightbown	ADJ
al-319	249	4	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	249	5	nina	nina	PROPN
al-319	249	6	spade	spade	PROPN
al-319	249	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	250	1	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	250	2	2012	2012	NUM
al-319	250	3	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	250	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	251	1	how	how	SCONJ
al-319	251	2	language	language	NOUN
al-319	251	3	are	be	AUX
al-319	251	4	learned	learn	VERB
al-319	251	5	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	252	1	new	new	PROPN
al-319	252	2	york	york	PROPN
al-319	252	3	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	252	4	oxford	oxford	PROPN
al-319	252	5	university	university	PROPN
al-319	252	6	press	press	NOUN
al-319	252	7	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	253	1	steinberg	steinberg	PROPN
al-319	253	2	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	253	3	danny	danny	PROPN
al-319	253	4	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	254	1	d.	d.	PROPN
al-319	254	2	(	(	PUNCT
al-319	254	3	1982	1982	NUM
al-319	254	4	)	)	PUNCT
al-319	254	5	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	255	1	psycholinguistics	psycholinguistic	NOUN
al-319	255	2	language	language	PROPN
al-319	255	3	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	255	4	mind	mind	NOUN
al-319	255	5	,	,	PUNCT
al-319	255	6	and	and	CCONJ
al-319	255	7	world	world	NOUN
al-319	255	8	.	.	PUNCT
al-319	256	1	new	new	PROPN
al-319	256	2	york	york	PROPN
al-319	256	3	:	:	PUNCT
al-319	256	4	longman	longman	PROPN
al-319	256	5	inc	inc	PROPN
al-319	256	6	.	.	PUNCT