id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
alces-57	1	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	1	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	1	3	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	2	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	2	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	2	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	2	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	2	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	2	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	2	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	2	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	2	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	2	11	15	15	NUM
alces-57	2	12	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	2	13	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	2	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	2	15	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	2	16	in	in	ADP
alces-57	2	17	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	2	18	cailin	cailin	PROPN
alces-57	2	19	xu1,2	xu1,2	PROPN
alces-57	2	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	2	21	mark	mark	PROPN
alces-57	2	22	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	2	23	boyce1	boyce1	PROPN
alces-57	3	1	1department	1department	NUM
alces-57	3	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	3	3	biological	biological	ADJ
alces-57	3	4	sciences	science	NOUN
alces-57	3	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	3	6	university	university	NOUN
alces-57	3	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	3	8	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	3	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	3	10	edmonton	edmonton	PROPN
alces-57	3	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	3	12	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	3	13	t6	t6	PROPN
alces-57	3	14	g	g	PROPN
alces-57	3	15	2e9	2e9	NUM
alces-57	3	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	4	1	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	4	2	abstract	abstract	NOUN
alces-57	4	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	4	4	we	we	PRON
alces-57	4	5	developed	develop	VERB
alces-57	4	6	a	a	DET
alces-57	4	7	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	4	8	/	/	SYM
alces-57	4	9	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	4	10	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	4	11	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	4	12	for	for	ADP
alces-57	4	13	quota	quota	NOUN
alces-57	4	14	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	4	15	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	4	16	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	4	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	4	18	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	4	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	4	20	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	4	21	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	4	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	4	23	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	4	24	in	in	ADP
alces-57	4	25	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	4	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	4	27	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	4	28	believe	believe	VERB
alces-57	4	29	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	4	30	the	the	DET
alces-57	4	31	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	4	32	structure	structure	NOUN
alces-57	4	33	has	have	VERB
alces-57	4	34	general	general	ADJ
alces-57	4	35	applicability	applicability	NOUN
alces-57	4	36	for	for	ADP
alces-57	4	37	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	4	38	of	of	ADP
alces-57	4	39	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	4	40	mammal	mammal	ADJ
alces-57	4	41	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	4	42	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	5	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	5	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	5	3	includes	include	VERB
alces-57	5	4	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	5	5	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	5	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	5	7	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	5	8	/	/	SYM
alces-57	5	9	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	5	10	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	5	11	based	base	VERB
alces-57	5	12	vital	vital	ADJ
alces-57	5	13	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	5	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	5	15	allows	allow	VERB
alces-57	5	16	for	for	ADP
alces-57	5	17	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	5	18	of	of	ADP
alces-57	5	19	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	5	20	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	5	21	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	5	22	herd	herd	NOUN
alces-57	5	23	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	5	24	at	at	ADP
alces-57	5	25	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	5	26	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	5	27	from	from	ADP
alces-57	5	28	limited	limited	ADJ
alces-57	5	29	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	5	30	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	5	31	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	5	32	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	5	33	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	5	34	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	5	35	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	6	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	6	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	6	3	allows	allow	VERB
alces-57	6	4	a	a	DET
alces-57	6	5	biologist	biologist	NOUN
alces-57	6	6	to	to	PART
alces-57	6	7	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
alces-57	6	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	6	9	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	6	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	6	11	with	with	ADP
alces-57	6	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	6	13	aim	aim	NOUN
alces-57	6	14	to	to	PART
alces-57	6	15	optimize	optimize	VERB
alces-57	6	16	either	either	CCONJ
alces-57	6	17	the	the	DET
alces-57	6	18	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	6	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	6	20	the	the	DET
alces-57	6	21	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	6	22	of	of	ADP
alces-57	6	23	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	6	24	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	6	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	6	26	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	6	27	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	6	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	6	29	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	6	30	the	the	DET
alces-57	6	31	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	6	32	of	of	ADP
alces-57	6	33	the	the	DET
alces-57	6	34	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	6	35	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	6	36	of	of	ADP
alces-57	6	37	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	6	38	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	6	39	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	6	40	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	6	41	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	6	42	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	6	43	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	7	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	7	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	7	3	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	7	4	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	7	5	to	to	PART
alces-57	7	6	optimize	optimize	VERB
alces-57	7	7	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	7	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	7	9	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	7	11	hunting	hunting	NOUN
alces-57	7	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	7	13	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	7	14	should	should	AUX
alces-57	7	15	be	be	AUX
alces-57	7	16	avoided	avoid	VERB
alces-57	7	17	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	7	18	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	7	19	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	7	20	recruit	recruit	VERB
alces-57	7	21	into	into	ADP
alces-57	7	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	7	23	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	7	24	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	7	25	the	the	DET
alces-57	7	26	following	following	ADJ
alces-57	7	27	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	7	28	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	8	1	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	8	2	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	8	3	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	8	4	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	8	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	8	6	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	8	7	should	should	AUX
alces-57	8	8	be	be	AUX
alces-57	8	9	subject	subject	ADJ
alces-57	8	10	to	to	ADP
alces-57	8	11	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	8	12	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	8	13	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	8	14	harvesting	harvest	VERB
alces-57	8	15	for	for	ADP
alces-57	8	16	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	8	17	was	be	AUX
alces-57	8	18	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	8	19	to	to	PART
alces-57	8	20	be	be	AUX
alces-57	8	21	more	more	ADV
alces-57	8	22	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	8	23	than	than	ADP
alces-57	8	24	for	for	ADP
alces-57	8	25	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	8	26	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	8	27	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	8	28	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	8	29	was	be	AUX
alces-57	8	30	not	not	PART
alces-57	8	31	allowed	allow	VERB
alces-57	8	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	8	33	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
alces-57	8	34	less	less	ADV
alces-57	8	35	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	8	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	9	1	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	9	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	9	3	was	be	AUX
alces-57	9	4	less	less	ADV
alces-57	9	5	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	9	6	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	9	7	trying	try	VERB
alces-57	9	8	to	to	PART
alces-57	9	9	optimize	optimize	VERB
alces-57	9	10	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	9	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	9	12	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	9	13	than	than	ADP
alces-57	9	14	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	9	15	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	9	16	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	9	17	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	10	1	small	small	ADJ
alces-57	10	2	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	10	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	10	4	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	10	5	could	could	AUX
alces-57	10	6	increase	increase	VERB
alces-57	10	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	10	8	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	10	9	substantially	substantially	ADV
alces-57	10	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	11	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	11	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	11	3	also	also	ADV
alces-57	11	4	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	11	5	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	11	6	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	11	7	on	on	ADP
alces-57	11	8	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	11	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	11	10	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	11	11	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	11	12	long	long	ADJ
alces-57	11	13	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	11	14	term	term	NOUN
alces-57	11	15	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	11	16	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	11	17	intensity	intensity	NOUN
alces-57	11	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	11	19	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	11	20	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	11	21	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	11	22	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	11	23	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	11	24	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	11	25	more	more	ADJ
alces-57	11	26	than	than	SCONJ
alces-57	11	27	it	it	PRON
alces-57	11	28	influenced	influence	VERB
alces-57	11	29	the	the	DET
alces-57	11	30	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	11	31	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	11	32	of	of	ADP
alces-57	11	33	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	11	34	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	12	1	reductions	reduction	NOUN
alces-57	12	2	in	in	ADP
alces-57	12	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	12	4	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	12	5	caused	cause	VERB
alces-57	12	6	by	by	ADP
alces-57	12	7	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	12	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	12	9	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	12	10	weather	weather	NOUN
alces-57	12	11	events	event	NOUN
alces-57	12	12	can	can	AUX
alces-57	12	13	potentially	potentially	ADV
alces-57	12	14	cause	cause	VERB
alces-57	12	15	severe	severe	ADJ
alces-57	12	16	consequences	consequence	NOUN
alces-57	12	17	to	to	PART
alces-57	12	18	harvest	harvest	VERB
alces-57	12	19	policy	policy	NOUN
alces-57	12	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	12	21	challenging	challenge	VERB
alces-57	12	22	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	12	23	managers	manager	NOUN
alces-57	12	24	who	who	PRON
alces-57	12	25	must	must	AUX
alces-57	12	26	balance	balance	VERB
alces-57	12	27	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	12	28	conservation	conservation	NOUN
alces-57	12	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	12	30	predator	predator	NOUN
alces-57	12	31	control	control	NOUN
alces-57	12	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	12	33	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	12	34	hunter	hunter	NOUN
alces-57	12	35	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	12	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	13	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	13	2	believe	believe	VERB
alces-57	13	3	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	13	4	our	our	PRON
alces-57	13	5	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	13	6	can	can	AUX
alces-57	13	7	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
alces-57	13	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	13	9	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	13	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	13	11	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	13	12	vigilant	vigilant	ADJ
alces-57	13	13	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
alces-57	13	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	13	15	herd	herd	ADJ
alces-57	13	16	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	13	17	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	13	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	13	19	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	13	20	will	will	AUX
alces-57	13	21	be	be	AUX
alces-57	13	22	necessary	necessary	ADJ
alces-57	13	23	to	to	PART
alces-57	13	24	ensure	ensure	VERB
alces-57	13	25	balance	balance	NOUN
alces-57	13	26	between	between	ADP
alces-57	13	27	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	13	28	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	13	29	hunter	hunter	NOUN
alces-57	13	30	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	13	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	14	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	14	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	14	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	15	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	15	2	:	:	SYM
alces-57	15	3	15	15	NUM
alces-57	15	4	-	-	SYM
alces-57	15	5	35	35	NUM
alces-57	15	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	15	7	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	15	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	15	9	key	key	ADJ
alces-57	15	10	words	word	NOUN
alces-57	15	11	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	15	12	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	15	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	14	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	15	15	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	15	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	17	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	15	18	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	15	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	20	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	15	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	22	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	15	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	24	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	15	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	26	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	15	27	/	/	SYM
alces-57	15	28	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	15	29	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	15	30	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	15	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	32	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	15	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	15	34	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	15	35	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	15	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	16	1	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	16	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	16	3	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	16	4	are	be	AUX
alces-57	16	5	influenced	influence	VERB
alces-57	16	6	by	by	ADP
alces-57	16	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	16	8	combined	combine	VERB
alces-57	16	9	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	16	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	16	11	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	16	12	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	16	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	16	14	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	16	15	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	16	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	16	17	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	16	18	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	16	19	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	16	20	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	16	21	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	16	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	16	23	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	16	24	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	16	25	solberg	solberg	PROPN
alces-57	16	26	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	16	27	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	16	28	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	16	29	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	16	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	16	31	coulson	coulson	PROPN
alces-57	16	32	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	16	33	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	16	34	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	16	35	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	16	36	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	16	37	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	16	38	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	16	39	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	16	40	nilsen	nilsen	PROPN
alces-57	16	41	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	16	42	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	16	43	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	16	44	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	16	45	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	16	46	varley	varley	NOUN
alces-57	16	47	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	16	48	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	16	49	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	16	50	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	16	51	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	16	52	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	16	53	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	16	54	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	16	55	factors	factor	NOUN
alces-57	16	56	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	16	57	sæther	sæther	NOUN
alces-57	16	58	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	16	59	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	16	60	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	16	61	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	16	62	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	16	63	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	17	1	general	general	ADJ
alces-57	17	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
alces-57	17	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	17	4	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	17	5	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	17	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	17	7	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	17	8	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	17	9	are	be	AUX
alces-57	17	10	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
alces-57	17	11	well	well	ADV
alces-57	17	12	understood	understand	VERB
alces-57	17	13	with	with	ADP
alces-57	17	14	both	both	CCONJ
alces-57	17	15	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	17	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	17	17	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	17	18	changing	change	VERB
alces-57	17	19	inversely	inversely	ADV
alces-57	17	20	with	with	ADP
alces-57	17	21	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	17	22	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	17	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	17	24	fowler	fowler	PROPN
alces-57	17	25	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	17	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	17	27	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	17	28	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	17	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	17	30	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	17	31	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	17	32	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	17	33	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	17	34	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	17	35	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	18	1	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	18	2	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	18	3	influences	influence	VERB
alces-57	18	4	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
alces-57	18	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	18	6	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	18	7	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	18	8	through	through	ADP
alces-57	18	9	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	18	10	on	on	ADP
alces-57	18	11	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	18	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	18	13	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	18	14	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	18	15	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	18	16	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	18	17	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	18	18	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	18	19	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	18	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	18	21	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	18	22	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	18	23	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	18	24	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	18	25	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	18	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	18	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	19	1	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	19	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	19	3	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	19	4	limitation	limitation	NOUN
alces-57	19	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	19	6	influence	influence	NOUN
alces-57	19	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	19	8	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	19	9	factors	factor	NOUN
alces-57	19	10	co	co	VERB
alces-57	19	11	-	-	VERB
alces-57	19	12	occur	occur	VERB
alces-57	19	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	19	14	most	most	ADJ
alces-57	19	15	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	19	16	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	19	17	sinclair	sinclair	NOUN
alces-57	19	18	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	19	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	19	20	so	so	SCONJ
alces-57	19	21	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	19	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	19	23	impact	impact	NOUN
alces-57	19	24	on	on	ADP
alces-57	19	25	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	19	26	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	19	27	of	of	ADP
alces-57	19	28	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	19	29	factors	factor	NOUN
alces-57	19	30	such	such	ADJ
alces-57	19	31	as	as	ADP
alces-57	19	32	a	a	DET
alces-57	19	33	severe	severe	ADJ
alces-57	19	34	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	19	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	19	36	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	19	37	ticks	tick	NOUN
alces-57	19	38	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	19	39	dermacentor	dermacentor	NOUN
alces-57	19	40	albipictus	albipictus	NOUN
alces-57	19	41	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	19	42	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	19	43	increases	increase	VERB
alces-57	19	44	with	with	ADP
alces-57	19	45	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	19	46	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	19	47	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	19	48	milner	milner	NOUN
alces-57	19	49	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	19	50	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	19	51	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	19	52	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	19	53	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	19	54	samuel	samuel	PROPN
alces-57	19	55	2007	2007	NUM
alces-57	19	56	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	19	57	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	20	1	for	for	ADP
alces-57	20	2	ungulates	ungulate	NOUN
alces-57	20	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	20	4	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	20	5	can	can	AUX
alces-57	20	6	be	be	AUX
alces-57	20	7	an	an	DET
alces-57	20	8	important	important	ADJ
alces-57	20	9	limiting	limit	VERB
alces-57	20	10	factor	factor	NOUN
alces-57	20	11	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	20	12	van	van	PROPN
alces-57	20	13	ballenberghe	ballenberghe	NOUN
alces-57	20	14	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	20	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	20	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	21	1	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	21	2	on	on	ADP
alces-57	21	3	predator	predator	NOUN
alces-57	21	4	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	21	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	21	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	21	7	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	21	8	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	21	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	21	10	relationships	relationship	NOUN
alces-57	21	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	21	12	north	north	PROPN
alces-57	21	13	america	america	PROPN
alces-57	21	14	suggest	suggest	VERB
alces-57	21	15	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	21	16	predators	predator	NOUN
alces-57	21	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	21	18	mainly	mainly	ADV
alces-57	21	19	grizzly	grizzly	NOUN
alces-57	21	20	bear	bear	NOUN
alces-57	22	1	[	[	X
alces-57	22	2	ursus	ursus	PROPN
alces-57	22	3	arctos	arctos	PROPN
alces-57	22	4	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	22	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	22	6	black	black	ADJ
alces-57	22	7	bear	bear	NOUN
alces-57	22	8	[	[	X
alces-57	22	9	u.	u.	NOUN
alces-57	22	10	americanus	americanu	NOUN
alces-57	22	11	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	22	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	22	13	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	22	14	wolf	wolf	PROPN
alces-57	23	1	[	[	X
alces-57	23	2	canis	canis	NOUN
alces-57	23	3	lupus	lupus	NOUN
alces-57	23	4	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	23	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	23	6	were	be	AUX
alces-57	23	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	23	8	major	major	ADJ
alces-57	23	9	cause	cause	NOUN
alces-57	23	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	23	11	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	23	12	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	23	13	2current	2current	NUM
alces-57	23	14	address	address	NOUN
alces-57	23	15	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	23	16	ocean	ocean	NOUN
alces-57	23	17	science	science	PROPN
alces-57	23	18	centre	centre	PROPN
alces-57	23	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	23	20	memorial	memorial	ADJ
alces-57	23	21	university	university	NOUN
alces-57	23	22	of	of	ADP
alces-57	23	23	newfoundland	newfoundland	PROPN
alces-57	23	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	23	25	st	st	PROPN
alces-57	23	26	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	23	27	johns	johns	PROPN
alces-57	23	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	23	29	newfoundland	newfoundland	PROPN
alces-57	23	30	a1c	a1c	PROPN
alces-57	23	31	5s7	5s7	PROPN
alces-57	23	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	23	33	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	23	34	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	24	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	24	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	24	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	24	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	24	5	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	24	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	24	7	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	24	8	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	24	9	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	24	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	24	11	46	46	NUM
alces-57	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	24	13	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	24	14	16	16	NUM
alces-57	24	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	24	16	many	many	ADJ
alces-57	24	17	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	24	18	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	24	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	24	20	removing	remove	VERB
alces-57	24	21	3	3	NUM
alces-57	24	22	-	-	SYM
alces-57	24	23	55	55	NUM
alces-57	24	24	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	24	25	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	24	26	more	more	ADJ
alces-57	24	27	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	24	28	annually	annually	ADV
alces-57	24	29	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	24	30	ballard	ballard	NOUN
alces-57	24	31	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	24	32	van	van	PROPN
alces-57	24	33	ballenberghe	ballenberghe	NOUN
alces-57	24	34	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	24	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	24	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	25	1	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	25	2	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	25	3	also	also	ADV
alces-57	25	4	are	be	AUX
alces-57	25	5	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	25	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	25	7	meat	meat	NOUN
alces-57	25	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	25	9	hides	hide	VERB
alces-57	25	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	25	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	25	12	antlers	antler	NOUN
alces-57	25	13	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
alces-57	25	14	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	25	15	gordon	gordon	PROPN
alces-57	25	16	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	25	17	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	25	18	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	25	19	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	25	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	25	21	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	26	1	excessive	excessive	ADJ
alces-57	26	2	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
alces-57	26	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	26	4	especially	especially	ADV
alces-57	26	5	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	26	6	combined	combine	VERB
alces-57	26	7	with	with	ADP
alces-57	26	8	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
alces-57	26	9	associated	associate	VERB
alces-57	26	10	with	with	ADP
alces-57	26	11	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	26	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	26	13	may	may	AUX
alces-57	26	14	risk	risk	VERB
alces-57	26	15	severe	severe	ADJ
alces-57	26	16	reductions	reduction	NOUN
alces-57	26	17	in	in	ADP
alces-57	26	18	local	local	ADJ
alces-57	26	19	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	26	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	26	21	even	even	ADV
alces-57	26	22	local	local	ADJ
alces-57	26	23	extinction	extinction	NOUN
alces-57	26	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	27	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
alces-57	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	27	3	how	how	SCONJ
alces-57	27	4	to	to	PART
alces-57	27	5	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
alces-57	27	6	manage	manage	VERB
alces-57	27	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	27	8	harvest	harvest	VERB
alces-57	27	9	wild	wild	ADJ
alces-57	27	10	ungulates	ungulate	NOUN
alces-57	27	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	27	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	27	13	presence	presence	NOUN
alces-57	27	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	27	15	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	27	16	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	27	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	27	18	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	27	19	becomes	become	VERB
alces-57	27	20	critical	critical	ADJ
alces-57	27	21	to	to	ADP
alces-57	27	22	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	27	23	managers	manager	NOUN
alces-57	27	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	28	1	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	28	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	28	3	ungulates	ungulate	NOUN
alces-57	28	4	are	be	AUX
alces-57	28	5	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	28	6	highly	highly	ADV
alces-57	28	7	selective	selective	ADJ
alces-57	28	8	with	with	ADP
alces-57	28	9	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	28	10	often	often	ADV
alces-57	28	11	established	establish	VERB
alces-57	28	12	by	by	ADP
alces-57	28	13	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	28	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	28	15	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	28	16	/	/	SYM
alces-57	28	17	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	28	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	28	19	sæther	sæther	NOUN
alces-57	28	20	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	28	21	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	28	22	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	28	23	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	28	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	28	25	cluttonbrock	cluttonbrock	NOUN
alces-57	28	26	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	28	27	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	28	28	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	28	29	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	28	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	28	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	29	1	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	29	2	for	for	ADP
alces-57	29	3	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	29	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	29	5	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	29	6	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	29	7	is	be	AUX
alces-57	29	8	usually	usually	ADV
alces-57	29	9	limited	limit	VERB
alces-57	29	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	29	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	29	12	consequently	consequently	ADV
alces-57	29	13	harvest	harvest	VERB
alces-57	29	14	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	29	15	are	be	AUX
alces-57	29	16	usually	usually	ADV
alces-57	29	17	set	set	VERB
alces-57	29	18	with	with	ADP
alces-57	29	19	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
alces-57	29	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	29	21	incomplete	incomplete	ADJ
alces-57	29	22	information	information	NOUN
alces-57	29	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	29	24	milner	milner	NOUN
alces-57	29	25	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	29	26	gulland	gulland	NOUN
alces-57	29	27	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	29	28	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	29	29	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	29	30	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	29	31	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	29	32	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	30	1	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	30	2	modeling	modeling	NOUN
alces-57	30	3	is	be	AUX
alces-57	30	4	widely	widely	ADV
alces-57	30	5	used	use	VERB
alces-57	30	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	30	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	30	8	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	30	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	30	10	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	30	11	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	30	12	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	30	13	pojar	pojar	NOUN
alces-57	30	14	1977	1977	NUM
alces-57	30	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	30	16	1981	1981	NUM
alces-57	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	30	18	getz	getz	NOUN
alces-57	30	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	30	20	haight	haight	NOUN
alces-57	30	21	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	30	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	30	23	white	white	ADJ
alces-57	30	24	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	30	25	lubow	lubow	VERB
alces-57	30	26	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	30	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	30	28	cooper	cooper	PROPN
alces-57	30	29	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	30	30	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	30	31	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	30	32	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	30	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	30	34	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	31	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	31	2	biologists	biologist	NOUN
alces-57	31	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	31	4	often	often	ADV
alces-57	31	5	frustrated	frustrate	VERB
alces-57	31	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	31	7	however	however	ADV
alces-57	31	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	31	9	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	31	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	31	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	31	12	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	31	13	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	31	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	31	15	unknown	unknown	ADJ
alces-57	31	16	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	31	17	required	require	VERB
alces-57	31	18	for	for	ADP
alces-57	31	19	many	many	ADJ
alces-57	31	20	of	of	ADP
alces-57	31	21	these	these	DET
alces-57	31	22	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	31	23	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	31	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	32	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
alces-57	32	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	32	3	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	32	4	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	32	5	is	be	AUX
alces-57	32	6	a	a	DET
alces-57	32	7	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
alces-57	32	8	requirement	requirement	NOUN
alces-57	32	9	for	for	ADP
alces-57	32	10	the	the	DET
alces-57	32	11	existence	existence	NOUN
alces-57	32	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	32	13	optimality	optimality	NOUN
alces-57	32	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	32	15	any	any	DET
alces-57	32	16	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	32	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	32	18	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
alces-57	32	19	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	32	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	32	21	mendelssohn	mendelssohn	PROPN
alces-57	32	22	1976	1976	NUM
alces-57	32	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	32	24	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	32	25	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	32	26	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	32	27	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	32	28	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	32	29	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	32	30	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	32	31	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	32	32	book	book	NOUN
alces-57	32	33	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	32	34	keeping	keep	VERB
alces-57	32	35	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	32	36	without	without	ADP
alces-57	32	37	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	32	38	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	32	39	such	such	ADJ
alces-57	32	40	as	as	ADP
alces-57	32	41	onepop	onepop	NOUN
alces-57	32	42	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	32	43	pop50	pop50	ADJ
alces-57	32	44	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	32	45	popii	popii	ADV
alces-57	32	46	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	32	47	pojar	pojar	NOUN
alces-57	32	48	1981	1981	NUM
alces-57	32	49	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	32	50	can	can	AUX
alces-57	32	51	not	not	PART
alces-57	32	52	identify	identify	VERB
alces-57	32	53	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	32	54	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	32	55	levels	level	NOUN
alces-57	32	56	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	33	1	another	another	DET
alces-57	33	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	33	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	33	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	33	5	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	33	6	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	33	7	agekill	agekill	NOUN
alces-57	33	8	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	33	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	33	10	skalski	skalski	NOUN
alces-57	33	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	33	12	millspaugh	millspaugh	PROPN
alces-57	33	13	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	33	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	33	15	skalski	skalski	PROPN
alces-57	33	16	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	33	17	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	33	18	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	33	19	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	33	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	33	21	has	have	VERB
alces-57	33	22	untenable	untenable	ADJ
alces-57	33	23	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
alces-57	33	24	of	of	ADP
alces-57	33	25	a	a	DET
alces-57	33	26	stationary	stationary	ADJ
alces-57	33	27	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	33	28	distribution	distribution	NOUN
alces-57	33	29	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	33	30	this	this	DET
alces-57	33	31	assumption	assumption	NOUN
alces-57	33	32	can	can	AUX
alces-57	33	33	not	not	PART
alces-57	33	34	be	be	AUX
alces-57	33	35	met	meet	VERB
alces-57	33	36	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	33	37	there	there	PRON
alces-57	33	38	are	be	VERB
alces-57	33	39	any	any	DET
alces-57	33	40	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
alces-57	33	41	in	in	ADP
alces-57	33	42	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	33	43	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	33	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	33	45	millspaugh	millspaugh	NOUN
alces-57	33	46	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	33	47	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	33	48	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	33	49	2009	2009	NUM
alces-57	33	50	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	33	51	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	34	1	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	34	2	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	34	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	34	4	structured	structure	VERB
alces-57	34	5	according	accord	VERB
alces-57	34	6	to	to	ADP
alces-57	34	7	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	34	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	34	9	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	34	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	34	11	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	34	12	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	34	13	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	34	14	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	34	15	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	34	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	34	17	nilsen	nilsen	PROPN
alces-57	34	18	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	34	19	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	34	20	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	34	21	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	34	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	34	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	34	24	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	34	25	consequently	consequently	ADV
alces-57	34	26	their	their	PRON
alces-57	34	27	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	34	28	are	be	AUX
alces-57	34	29	best	well	ADV
alces-57	34	30	explained	explain	VERB
alces-57	34	31	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	34	32	including	include	VERB
alces-57	34	33	ageand	ageand	NOUN
alces-57	34	34	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	34	35	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	34	36	specific	specific	ADJ
alces-57	34	37	vital	vital	ADJ
alces-57	34	38	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	34	39	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	35	1	similar	similar	ADJ
alces-57	35	2	to	to	ADP
alces-57	35	3	life	life	NOUN
alces-57	35	4	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	35	5	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	35	6	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	35	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	35	8	caughley	caughley	NOUN
alces-57	35	9	1977	1977	NUM
alces-57	35	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	35	11	taylor	taylor	PROPN
alces-57	35	12	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	35	13	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	35	14	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	35	15	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	35	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	35	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	35	18	projection	projection	NOUN
alces-57	35	19	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	35	20	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	35	21	such	such	ADJ
alces-57	35	22	as	as	ADP
alces-57	35	23	the	the	DET
alces-57	35	24	leslie	leslie	PROPN
alces-57	35	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	35	26	1945	1945	NUM
alces-57	35	27	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	35	28	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	35	29	are	be	AUX
alces-57	35	30	well	well	ADV
alces-57	35	31	suited	suited	ADJ
alces-57	35	32	to	to	ADP
alces-57	35	33	studying	study	VERB
alces-57	35	34	how	how	SCONJ
alces-57	35	35	changes	change	NOUN
alces-57	35	36	in	in	ADP
alces-57	35	37	vital	vital	ADJ
alces-57	35	38	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	35	39	affect	affect	VERB
alces-57	35	40	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	35	41	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	35	42	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	35	43	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	35	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	35	45	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	35	46	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	35	47	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	35	48	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	36	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	36	2	these	these	DET
alces-57	36	3	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	36	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	36	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	36	6	starting	starting	NOUN
alces-57	36	7	point	point	NOUN
alces-57	36	8	is	be	AUX
alces-57	36	9	a	a	DET
alces-57	36	10	certain	certain	ADJ
alces-57	36	11	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	36	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	36	13	individuals	individual	NOUN
alces-57	36	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	36	15	each	each	DET
alces-57	36	16	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	36	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	36	18	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	36	19	class	class	NOUN
alces-57	36	20	in	in	ADP
alces-57	36	21	the	the	DET
alces-57	36	22	first	first	ADJ
alces-57	36	23	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	36	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	37	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	37	2	individuals	individual	NOUN
alces-57	37	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	37	4	then	then	ADV
alces-57	37	5	transferred	transfer	VERB
alces-57	37	6	to	to	ADP
alces-57	37	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	37	8	next	next	ADJ
alces-57	37	9	class	class	NOUN
alces-57	37	10	by	by	ADP
alces-57	37	11	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	37	12	defined	define	VERB
alces-57	37	13	by	by	ADP
alces-57	37	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	37	15	elements	element	NOUN
alces-57	37	16	of	of	ADP
alces-57	37	17	a	a	DET
alces-57	37	18	transition	transition	NOUN
alces-57	37	19	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	37	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	37	21	leslie	leslie	PROPN
alces-57	37	22	1945	1945	NUM
alces-57	37	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	37	24	1948	1948	NUM
alces-57	37	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	37	26	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	37	27	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	37	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	37	29	representing	represent	VERB
alces-57	37	30	ageand	ageand	NOUN
alces-57	37	31	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	37	32	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	37	33	specific	specific	ADJ
alces-57	37	34	birth	birth	NOUN
alces-57	37	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	37	36	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	37	37	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	37	38	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	38	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	38	2	practice	practice	NOUN
alces-57	38	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	38	4	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	38	5	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	38	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	38	7	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	38	8	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	38	9	are	be	AUX
alces-57	38	10	usually	usually	ADV
alces-57	38	11	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	38	12	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	38	13	based	base	VERB
alces-57	38	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	38	15	animals	animal	NOUN
alces-57	38	16	often	often	ADV
alces-57	38	17	are	be	AUX
alces-57	38	18	categorized	categorize	VERB
alces-57	38	19	by	by	ADP
alces-57	38	20	developmental	developmental	ADJ
alces-57	38	21	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	38	22	rather	rather	ADV
alces-57	38	23	than	than	ADP
alces-57	38	24	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	38	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	39	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
alces-57	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	39	3	generalized	generalized	ADJ
alces-57	39	4	transition	transition	NOUN
alces-57	39	5	matrices	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	39	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	39	7	lefkovitch	lefkovitch	VERB
alces-57	39	8	1965	1965	NUM
alces-57	39	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	39	10	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	39	11	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	39	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	39	13	that	that	PRON
alces-57	39	14	contain	contain	VERB
alces-57	39	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	39	16	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	39	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	39	18	individuals	individual	NOUN
alces-57	39	19	in	in	ADP
alces-57	39	20	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	39	21	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	39	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	39	23	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	39	24	classes	class	NOUN
alces-57	39	25	can	can	AUX
alces-57	39	26	be	be	AUX
alces-57	39	27	used	use	VERB
alces-57	39	28	to	to	PART
alces-57	39	29	update	update	VERB
alces-57	39	30	the	the	DET
alces-57	39	31	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	39	32	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	39	33	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	40	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	40	2	developed	develop	VERB
alces-57	40	3	a	a	DET
alces-57	40	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	40	5	for	for	ADP
alces-57	40	6	quota	quota	NOUN
alces-57	40	7	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	40	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	40	9	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	40	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	40	11	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	40	12	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	40	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	40	14	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	40	15	that	that	PRON
alces-57	40	16	includes	include	VERB
alces-57	40	17	1	1	NUM
alces-57	40	18	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	40	19	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	40	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	40	21	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	40	22	structure	structure	NOUN
alces-57	40	23	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	40	24	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	40	25	monitored	monitor	VERB
alces-57	40	26	in	in	ADP
alces-57	40	27	the	the	DET
alces-57	40	28	field	field	NOUN
alces-57	40	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	40	30	2	2	X
alces-57	40	31	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	40	32	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	40	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	40	34	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	40	35	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	40	36	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	40	37	herd	herd	NOUN
alces-57	40	38	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	40	39	at	at	ADP
alces-57	40	40	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	40	41	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	40	42	from	from	ADP
alces-57	40	43	limited	limited	ADJ
alces-57	40	44	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	40	45	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	40	46	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	40	47	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	40	48	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	40	49	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	40	50	3	3	X
alces-57	40	51	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	40	52	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	40	53	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	40	54	structured	structure	VERB
alces-57	40	55	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	40	56	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	40	57	following	follow	VERB
alces-57	40	58	the	the	DET
alces-57	40	59	general	general	ADJ
alces-57	40	60	patterns	pattern	NOUN
alces-57	40	61	documented	document	VERB
alces-57	40	62	in	in	ADP
alces-57	40	63	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	40	64	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	40	65	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	40	66	fowler	fowler	NOUN
alces-57	40	67	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	40	68	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	40	69	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	40	70	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	40	71	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	40	72	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	40	73	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	40	74	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	40	75	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	40	76	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	40	77	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	40	78	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	40	79	4	4	X
alces-57	40	80	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	40	81	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	40	82	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	40	83	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	41	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	41	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	41	3	thereby	thereby	ADV
alces-57	41	4	was	be	AUX
alces-57	41	5	designed	design	VERB
alces-57	41	6	to	to	PART
alces-57	41	7	use	use	VERB
alces-57	41	8	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	41	9	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	41	10	available	available	ADJ
alces-57	41	11	to	to	ADP
alces-57	41	12	field	field	NOUN
alces-57	41	13	biologists	biologist	NOUN
alces-57	41	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	42	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	42	2	investigated	investigate	VERB
alces-57	42	3	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	42	4	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	42	5	strategies	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	42	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	42	7	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	42	8	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	42	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	42	10	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	42	11	with	with	ADP
alces-57	42	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	42	13	aim	aim	NOUN
alces-57	42	14	either	either	CCONJ
alces-57	42	15	to	to	PART
alces-57	42	16	optimize	optimize	VERB
alces-57	42	17	the	the	DET
alces-57	42	18	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	42	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	42	20	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	42	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	42	22	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	42	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	42	24	the	the	DET
alces-57	42	25	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	42	26	of	of	ADP
alces-57	42	27	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	42	28	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	42	29	of	of	ADP
alces-57	42	30	yearling	yearling	ADJ
alces-57	42	31	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	42	32	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	42	33	older	old	ADJ
alces-57	42	34	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	42	35	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	42	36	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	42	37	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	42	38	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	42	39	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
alces-57	42	40	to	to	PART
alces-57	42	41	optimize	optimize	VERB
alces-57	42	42	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	42	43	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	42	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	42	45	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	42	46	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	42	47	the	the	DET
alces-57	42	48	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	42	49	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	42	50	of	of	ADP
alces-57	42	51	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	42	52	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	42	53	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	42	54	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	42	55	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	42	56	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	42	57	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	42	58	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	42	59	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	42	60	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	42	61	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	42	62	within	within	ADP
alces-57	42	63	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	42	64	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	42	65	units	unit	NOUN
alces-57	42	66	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	42	67	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	42	68	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	42	69	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	43	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	43	2	investigated	investigate	VERB
alces-57	43	3	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	43	4	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	43	5	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	43	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	43	7	addition	addition	NOUN
alces-57	43	8	to	to	ADP
alces-57	43	9	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	43	10	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	43	11	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	43	12	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	43	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	43	14	hunter	hunter	NOUN
alces-57	43	15	interest	interest	NOUN
alces-57	43	16	in	in	ADP
alces-57	43	17	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	43	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	43	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	43	20	the	the	DET
alces-57	43	21	perception	perception	NOUN
alces-57	43	22	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	43	23	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	43	24	could	could	AUX
alces-57	43	25	be	be	AUX
alces-57	43	26	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	43	27	without	without	ADP
alces-57	43	28	reducing	reduce	VERB
alces-57	43	29	herd	herd	NOUN
alces-57	43	30	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	43	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	44	1	first	first	ADV
alces-57	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	44	3	we	we	PRON
alces-57	44	4	examined	examine	VERB
alces-57	44	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	44	6	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	44	7	between	between	ADP
alces-57	44	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	44	9	2	2	NUM
alces-57	44	10	goals	goal	NOUN
alces-57	44	11	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	44	12	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	44	13	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	44	14	46	46	NUM
alces-57	44	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	44	16	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	44	17	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	44	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	44	19	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	44	20	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	44	21	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	44	22	of	of	ADP
alces-57	44	23	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	44	24	17	17	NUM
alces-57	44	25	in	in	ADP
alces-57	44	26	terms	term	NOUN
alces-57	44	27	of	of	ADP
alces-57	44	28	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	44	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	44	30	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	44	31	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	44	32	intensity	intensity	NOUN
alces-57	44	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	44	34	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	44	35	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	44	36	/	/	SYM
alces-57	44	37	stages	stage	NOUN
alces-57	44	38	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	44	39	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	44	40	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	44	41	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	44	42	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	44	43	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	44	44	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	44	45	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	44	46	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	44	47	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	44	48	then	then	ADV
alces-57	44	49	we	we	PRON
alces-57	44	50	studied	study	VERB
alces-57	44	51	how	how	SCONJ
alces-57	44	52	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	44	53	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	44	54	influenced	influence	VERB
alces-57	44	55	the	the	DET
alces-57	44	56	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	44	57	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	45	1	finally	finally	ADV
alces-57	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	45	3	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	45	4	predators	predator	NOUN
alces-57	45	5	killed	kill	VERB
alces-57	45	6	mostly	mostly	ADV
alces-57	45	7	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	45	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	45	9	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	45	10	varied	vary	VERB
alces-57	45	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	45	12	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	45	13	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	45	14	space	space	NOUN
alces-57	45	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	45	16	we	we	PRON
alces-57	45	17	examined	examine	VERB
alces-57	45	18	the	the	DET
alces-57	45	19	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	45	20	of	of	ADP
alces-57	45	21	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	45	22	on	on	ADP
alces-57	45	23	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	45	24	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	45	25	for	for	ADP
alces-57	45	26	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	45	27	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	45	28	targets	target	NOUN
alces-57	45	29	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	45	30	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	45	31	scenarios	scenario	NOUN
alces-57	45	32	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	46	1	methods	method	NOUN
alces-57	46	2	study	study	NOUN
alces-57	46	3	area	area	NOUN
alces-57	46	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	46	5	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	46	6	sets	set	NOUN
alces-57	46	7	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	46	8	selected	select	VERB
alces-57	46	9	for	for	ADP
alces-57	46	10	detailed	detailed	ADJ
alces-57	46	11	investigation	investigation	NOUN
alces-57	46	12	were	be	AUX
alces-57	46	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	46	14	central	central	ADJ
alces-57	46	15	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	46	16	east	east	PROPN
alces-57	46	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	46	18	the	the	DET
alces-57	46	19	rocky	rocky	ADJ
alces-57	46	20	mountains	mountain	NOUN
alces-57	46	21	at	at	ADP
alces-57	46	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	46	23	southern	southern	ADJ
alces-57	46	24	edge	edge	NOUN
alces-57	46	25	of	of	ADP
alces-57	46	26	the	the	DET
alces-57	46	27	boreal	boreal	NOUN
alces-57	46	28	forest	forest	NOUN
alces-57	46	29	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	46	30	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	46	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	47	1	1	1	NUM
alces-57	47	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	47	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	48	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	48	2	vegetation	vegetation	NOUN
alces-57	48	3	was	be	AUX
alces-57	48	4	mixed	mixed	ADJ
alces-57	48	5	wood	wood	NOUN
alces-57	48	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	48	7	beckingham	beckingham	NOUN
alces-57	48	8	et	et	NOUN
alces-57	48	9	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	48	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	48	11	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	48	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	48	13	with	with	ADP
alces-57	48	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	48	15	predominant	predominant	ADJ
alces-57	48	16	tree	tree	NOUN
alces-57	48	17	species	specie	NOUN
alces-57	48	18	being	be	AUX
alces-57	48	19	white	white	ADJ
alces-57	48	20	spruce	spruce	NOUN
alces-57	48	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	48	22	picea	picea	NOUN
alces-57	48	23	glauca	glauca	NOUN
alces-57	48	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	48	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	48	26	black	black	ADJ
alces-57	48	27	spruce	spruce	NOUN
alces-57	48	28	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	48	29	p.	p.	NOUN
alces-57	48	30	mariana	mariana	PROPN
alces-57	48	31	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	48	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	48	33	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	48	34	aspen	aspen	PROPN
alces-57	48	35	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	48	36	populus	populus	ADJ
alces-57	48	37	tremuloides	tremuloide	NOUN
alces-57	48	38	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	48	39	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	49	1	predators	predator	NOUN
alces-57	49	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	49	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	49	4	included	include	VERB
alces-57	49	5	abundant	abundant	ADJ
alces-57	49	6	black	black	ADJ
alces-57	49	7	bears	bear	NOUN
alces-57	49	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	49	9	wolves	wolf	NOUN
alces-57	49	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	49	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	49	12	relatively	relatively	ADV
alces-57	49	13	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	49	14	densities	density	NOUN
alces-57	49	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	49	16	grizzly	grizzly	NOUN
alces-57	49	17	bears	bear	NOUN
alces-57	49	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	49	19	cougars	cougar	NOUN
alces-57	49	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	49	21	puma	puma	PROPN
alces-57	49	22	concolor	concolor	NOUN
alces-57	49	23	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	49	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	50	1	hunting	hunting	NOUN
alces-57	50	2	was	be	AUX
alces-57	50	3	managed	manage	VERB
alces-57	50	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
alces-57	50	5	by	by	ADP
alces-57	50	6	limited	limited	ADJ
alces-57	50	7	quota	quota	NOUN
alces-57	50	8	permits	permit	NOUN
alces-57	50	9	issued	issue	VERB
alces-57	50	10	by	by	ADP
alces-57	50	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	50	12	province	province	NOUN
alces-57	50	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	50	14	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	50	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	51	1	moose	moose	PROPN
alces-57	51	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	51	3	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	51	4	in	in	ADP
alces-57	51	5	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	51	6	were	be	AUX
alces-57	51	7	made	make	VERB
alces-57	51	8	by	by	ADP
alces-57	51	9	aerial	aerial	ADJ
alces-57	51	10	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	51	11	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	51	12	snow	snow	NOUN
alces-57	51	13	conditions	condition	NOUN
alces-57	51	14	permitted	permit	VERB
alces-57	51	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	51	16	usually	usually	ADV
alces-57	51	17	january	january	PROPN
alces-57	51	18	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	51	19	march	march	PROPN
alces-57	51	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	51	21	using	use	VERB
alces-57	51	22	a	a	DET
alces-57	51	23	modified	modify	VERB
alces-57	51	24	gasaway	gasaway	NOUN
alces-57	51	25	method	method	NOUN
alces-57	51	26	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	51	27	gasaway	gasaway	NOUN
alces-57	51	28	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	51	29	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	51	30	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	51	31	1986	1986	NUM
alces-57	51	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	51	33	lynch	lynch	PROPN
alces-57	51	34	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	51	35	shumaker	shumaker	PROPN
alces-57	51	36	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	51	37	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	51	38	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	52	1	herd	herd	NOUN
alces-57	52	2	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	52	3	was	be	AUX
alces-57	52	4	recorded	record	VERB
alces-57	52	5	as	as	ADP
alces-57	52	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	52	7	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	52	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	52	9	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	52	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	52	11	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	52	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	52	13	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	52	14	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	52	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	53	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	53	2	major	major	ADJ
alces-57	53	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	53	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	53	5	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	53	6	was	be	AUX
alces-57	53	7	completed	complete	VERB
alces-57	53	8	in	in	ADP
alces-57	53	9	the	the	DET
alces-57	53	10	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	53	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	53	12	199394	199394	NUM
alces-57	53	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	53	14	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	53	15	46	46	NUM
alces-57	53	16	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	53	17	were	be	AUX
alces-57	53	18	surveyed	survey	VERB
alces-57	53	19	by	by	ADP
alces-57	53	20	air	air	NOUN
alces-57	53	21	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	53	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	53	23	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	53	24	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	53	25	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	53	26	was	be	AUX
alces-57	53	27	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	53	28	at	at	ADP
alces-57	53	29	81,000	81,000	NUM
alces-57	53	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	54	1	follow	follow	VERB
alces-57	54	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	54	3	up	up	ADP
alces-57	54	4	aerial	aerial	ADJ
alces-57	54	5	surveys	survey	NOUN
alces-57	54	6	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	54	7	were	be	AUX
alces-57	54	8	done	do	VERB
alces-57	54	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	54	10	high	high	ADJ
alces-57	54	11	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	54	12	priority	priority	NOUN
alces-57	54	13	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	54	14	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	54	15	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	54	16	346	346	NUM
alces-57	54	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	54	18	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	54	19	350	350	NUM
alces-57	54	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	54	21	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	54	22	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	54	23	358	358	NUM
alces-57	54	24	had	have	VERB
alces-57	54	25	the	the	DET
alces-57	54	26	longest	long	ADJ
alces-57	54	27	data	data	NOUN
alces-57	54	28	sets	set	NOUN
alces-57	54	29	available	available	ADJ
alces-57	54	30	from	from	ADP
alces-57	54	31	1993	1993	NUM
alces-57	54	32	-	-	SYM
alces-57	54	33	1994	1994	NUM
alces-57	54	34	to	to	ADP
alces-57	54	35	19961997	19961997	NUM
alces-57	54	36	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	54	37	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	54	38	346	346	NUM
alces-57	54	39	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	54	40	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	54	41	to	to	ADP
alces-57	54	42	1997	1997	NUM
alces-57	54	43	-	-	SYM
alces-57	54	44	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	54	45	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	54	46	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	54	47	350	350	NUM
alces-57	54	48	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	54	49	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	54	50	358	358	NUM
alces-57	54	51	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	54	52	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	54	53	were	be	AUX
alces-57	54	54	chosen	choose	VERB
alces-57	54	55	for	for	ADP
alces-57	54	56	this	this	DET
alces-57	54	57	study	study	NOUN
alces-57	54	58	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	55	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	55	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	55	3	estimate	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	55	4	for	for	ADP
alces-57	55	5	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	55	6	358	358	NUM
alces-57	55	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	55	8	1993	1993	NUM
alces-57	55	9	-	-	SYM
alces-57	55	10	94	94	NUM
alces-57	55	11	was	be	AUX
alces-57	55	12	about	about	ADV
alces-57	55	13	two	two	NUM
alces-57	55	14	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	55	15	fold	fold	VERB
alces-57	55	16	less	less	ADJ
alces-57	55	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	55	18	≈	≈	PROPN
alces-57	55	19	1200	1200	NUM
alces-57	55	20	animals	animal	NOUN
alces-57	55	21	less	less	ADJ
alces-57	55	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	55	23	than	than	ADP
alces-57	55	24	in	in	ADP
alces-57	55	25	1994	1994	NUM
alces-57	55	26	-	-	SYM
alces-57	55	27	95	95	NUM
alces-57	55	28	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	55	29	thereafter	thereafter	ADV
alces-57	55	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	55	31	which	which	PRON
alces-57	55	32	was	be	AUX
alces-57	55	33	unrealistically	unrealistically	ADV
alces-57	55	34	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	55	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	55	36	identified	identify	VERB
alces-57	55	37	as	as	ADP
alces-57	55	38	an	an	DET
alces-57	55	39	outlier	outlier	NOUN
alces-57	55	40	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	56	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
alces-57	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	56	3	only	only	ADV
alces-57	56	4	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	56	5	from	from	ADP
alces-57	56	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	56	7	remaining	remain	VERB
alces-57	56	8	4	4	NUM
alces-57	56	9	years	year	NOUN
alces-57	56	10	were	be	AUX
alces-57	56	11	used	use	VERB
alces-57	56	12	for	for	ADP
alces-57	56	13	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	56	14	358	358	NUM
alces-57	56	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	57	1	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	57	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	57	3	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	57	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	57	5	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	57	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	57	7	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	57	8	346	346	NUM
alces-57	57	9	during	during	ADP
alces-57	57	10	1997	1997	NUM
alces-57	57	11	-	-	SYM
alces-57	57	12	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	57	13	were	be	AUX
alces-57	57	14	approximated	approximate	VERB
alces-57	57	15	by	by	ADP
alces-57	57	16	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	57	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	57	18	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	57	19	available	available	ADJ
alces-57	57	20	in	in	ADP
alces-57	57	21	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	57	22	351	351	NUM
alces-57	57	23	nearby	nearby	ADV
alces-57	57	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	58	1	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	58	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	58	3	we	we	PRON
alces-57	58	4	used	use	VERB
alces-57	58	5	a	a	DET
alces-57	58	6	generalized	generalized	ADJ
alces-57	58	7	transition	transition	NOUN
alces-57	58	8	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	58	9	at	at	ADP
alces-57	58	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	58	11	lefkovitch	lefkovitch	VERB
alces-57	58	12	1965	1965	NUM
alces-57	58	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	58	14	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	58	15	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	58	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	17	to	to	PART
alces-57	58	18	update	update	VERB
alces-57	58	19	the	the	DET
alces-57	58	20	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	58	21	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	58	22	from	from	ADP
alces-57	58	23	nt	not	PART
alces-57	58	24	to	to	PART
alces-57	58	25	nt+1	nt+1	X
alces-57	58	26	by	by	ADP
alces-57	58	27	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	58	28	nt+1	nt+1	PROPN
alces-57	58	29	=	=	SYM
alces-57	58	30	atnt	atnt	PROPN
alces-57	58	31	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	58	32	1	1	NUM
alces-57	58	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	34	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	58	35	nt	not	PART
alces-57	58	36	contains	contain	VERB
alces-57	58	37	the	the	DET
alces-57	58	38	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	58	39	of	of	ADP
alces-57	58	40	animals	animal	NOUN
alces-57	58	41	in	in	ADP
alces-57	58	42	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	58	43	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	58	44	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	45	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	58	46	classes	class	NOUN
alces-57	58	47	at	at	ADP
alces-57	58	48	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	58	49	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	58	50	moose	moose	PROPN
alces-57	58	51	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	58	52	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	53	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	58	54	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	58	55	were	be	AUX
alces-57	58	56	usually	usually	ADV
alces-57	58	57	recorded	record	VERB
alces-57	58	58	in	in	ADP
alces-57	58	59	3	3	NUM
alces-57	58	60	classes	class	NOUN
alces-57	58	61	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	58	62	1	1	NUM
alces-57	58	63	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	64	young	young	ADJ
alces-57	58	65	/	/	SYM
alces-57	58	66	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	58	67	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	58	68	including	include	VERB
alces-57	58	69	both	both	CCONJ
alces-57	58	70	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	58	71	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	72	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	58	73	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	58	74	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	75	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	58	76	2	2	X
alces-57	58	77	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	78	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	58	79	/	/	SYM
alces-57	58	80	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	58	81	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	58	82	including	include	VERB
alces-57	58	83	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	58	84	yearlings	yearling	NOUN
alces-57	58	85	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	86	adults	adult	NOUN
alces-57	58	87	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	88	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	58	89	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	90	3	3	X
alces-57	58	91	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	92	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	58	93	/	/	SYM
alces-57	58	94	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	58	95	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	58	96	including	include	VERB
alces-57	58	97	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	58	98	yearlings	yearling	NOUN
alces-57	58	99	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	100	adults	adult	NOUN
alces-57	58	101	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	58	102	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	58	103	therefore	therefore	ADV
alces-57	58	104	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	58	105	we	we	PRON
alces-57	58	106	tailored	tailor	VERB
alces-57	58	107	the	the	DET
alces-57	58	108	vector	vector	NOUN
alces-57	58	109	nt	not	PART
alces-57	58	110	to	to	PART
alces-57	58	111	consist	consist	VERB
alces-57	58	112	of	of	ADP
alces-57	58	113	3	3	NUM
alces-57	58	114	stages	stage	NOUN
alces-57	58	115	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	58	116	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	58	117	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	58	118	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	58	119	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	58	120	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	58	121	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	58	122	as	as	ADP
alces-57	58	123	defined	define	VERB
alces-57	58	124	above	above	ADV
alces-57	58	125	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	59	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	59	2	other	other	ADJ
alces-57	59	3	words	word	NOUN
alces-57	59	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	59	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	59	6	transition	transition	NOUN
alces-57	59	7	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	59	8	followed	follow	VERB
alces-57	59	9	both	both	CCONJ
alces-57	59	10	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	59	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	59	12	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	59	13	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	59	14	as	as	ADP
alces-57	59	15	a	a	DET
alces-57	59	16	lumped	lump	VERB
alces-57	59	17	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	59	18	group	group	NOUN
alces-57	59	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	59	20	then	then	ADV
alces-57	59	21	differentially	differentially	ADV
alces-57	59	22	recruited	recruit	VERB
alces-57	59	23	them	they	PRON
alces-57	59	24	into	into	ADP
alces-57	59	25	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	59	26	rows	row	NOUN
alces-57	59	27	for	for	ADP
alces-57	59	28	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	59	29	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	59	30	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	59	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	60	1	moose	moose	PROPN
alces-57	60	2	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	60	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	61	1	1	1	X
alces-57	61	2	.	.	X
alces-57	61	3	location	location	NOUN
alces-57	61	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	61	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	61	6	3	3	NUM
alces-57	61	7	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	61	8	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	61	9	units	unit	NOUN
alces-57	61	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	61	11	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	61	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	61	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	61	14	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	61	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	61	16	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	61	17	from	from	ADP
alces-57	61	18	which	which	PRON
alces-57	61	19	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	61	20	were	be	AUX
alces-57	61	21	obtained	obtain	VERB
alces-57	61	22	for	for	ADP
alces-57	61	23	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
alces-57	61	24	the	the	DET
alces-57	61	25	performance	performance	NOUN
alces-57	61	26	of	of	ADP
alces-57	61	27	our	our	PRON
alces-57	61	28	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	61	29	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	61	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	62	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	62	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	62	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	62	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	62	5	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	62	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	62	7	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	62	8	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	62	9	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	62	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	62	11	46	46	NUM
alces-57	62	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	62	13	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	62	14	18	18	NUM
alces-57	62	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	62	16	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	62	17	breed	breed	PROPN
alces-57	62	18	in	in	ADP
alces-57	62	19	late	late	ADJ
alces-57	62	20	september	september	PROPN
alces-57	62	21	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	62	22	early	early	ADJ
alces-57	62	23	october	october	PROPN
alces-57	62	24	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	62	25	stelfox	stelfox	ADJ
alces-57	62	26	1993	1993	NUM
alces-57	62	27	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	62	28	with	with	ADP
alces-57	62	29	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	62	30	born	bear	VERB
alces-57	62	31	the	the	DET
alces-57	62	32	following	follow	VERB
alces-57	62	33	spring	spring	NOUN
alces-57	62	34	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	62	35	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	62	36	must	must	AUX
alces-57	62	37	survive	survive	VERB
alces-57	62	38	summer	summer	NOUN
alces-57	62	39	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	62	40	autumn	autumn	NOUN
alces-57	62	41	to	to	PART
alces-57	62	42	be	be	AUX
alces-57	62	43	included	include	VERB
alces-57	62	44	in	in	ADP
alces-57	62	45	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	62	46	counts	count	NOUN
alces-57	62	47	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	63	1	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	63	2	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	63	3	begins	begin	VERB
alces-57	63	4	in	in	ADP
alces-57	63	5	late	late	ADJ
alces-57	63	6	september	september	PROPN
alces-57	63	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	63	8	continuing	continue	VERB
alces-57	63	9	through	through	ADP
alces-57	63	10	november	november	PROPN
alces-57	63	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	64	1	aerial	aerial	ADJ
alces-57	64	2	surveys	survey	NOUN
alces-57	64	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	64	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	64	5	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	64	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	64	7	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	64	8	are	be	AUX
alces-57	64	9	usually	usually	ADV
alces-57	64	10	done	do	VERB
alces-57	64	11	january	january	PROPN
alces-57	64	12	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	64	13	march	march	PROPN
alces-57	64	14	depending	depend	VERB
alces-57	64	15	on	on	ADP
alces-57	64	16	snow	snow	NOUN
alces-57	64	17	conditions	condition	NOUN
alces-57	64	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	65	1	based	base	VERB
alces-57	65	2	on	on	ADP
alces-57	65	3	this	this	DET
alces-57	65	4	information	information	NOUN
alces-57	65	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	65	6	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	65	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	65	8	1	1	NUM
alces-57	65	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	65	10	with	with	ADP
alces-57	65	11	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	65	12	included	include	VERB
alces-57	65	13	can	can	AUX
alces-57	65	14	be	be	AUX
alces-57	65	15	written	write	VERB
alces-57	65	16	more	more	ADV
alces-57	65	17	specifically	specifically	ADV
alces-57	65	18	as	as	ADP
alces-57	65	19	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	65	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	65	21	2	2	X
alces-57	65	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	65	23	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	65	24	rt	rt	PROPN
alces-57	65	25	is	be	AUX
alces-57	65	26	the	the	DET
alces-57	65	27	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	65	28	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	65	29	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	65	30	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	65	31	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	65	32	at	at	ADP
alces-57	65	33	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	65	34	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	65	35	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	65	36	early	early	ADV
alces-57	65	37	to	to	ADP
alces-57	65	38	mid	mid	NOUN
alces-57	65	39	-	-	NOUN
alces-57	65	40	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	65	41	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	65	42	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	65	43	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	65	44	is	be	AUX
alces-57	65	45	the	the	DET
alces-57	65	46	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	65	47	of	of	ADP
alces-57	65	48	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	65	49	among	among	ADP
alces-57	65	50	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	65	51	at	at	ADP
alces-57	65	52	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	65	53	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	65	54	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	65	55	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	65	56	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	65	57	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	65	58	scm	scm	PROPN
alces-57	65	59	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	65	60	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	65	61	are	be	AUX
alces-57	65	62	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	65	63	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	65	64	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	65	65	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	65	66	for	for	ADP
alces-57	65	67	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	65	68	to	to	ADP
alces-57	65	69	yearlings	yearling	NOUN
alces-57	65	70	at	at	ADP
alces-57	65	71	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	65	72	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	65	73	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	65	74	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	65	75	subscripts	subscript	NOUN
alces-57	65	76	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	65	77	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	65	78	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	65	79	represent	represent	VERB
alces-57	65	80	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	65	81	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	65	82	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	65	83	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	65	84	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	66	1	sf	sf	NOUN
alces-57	66	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	66	3	sm	sm	PROPN
alces-57	66	4	are	be	AUX
alces-57	66	5	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	66	6	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	66	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	66	8	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	66	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	66	10	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	66	11	which	which	PRON
alces-57	66	12	we	we	PRON
alces-57	66	13	assumed	assume	VERB
alces-57	66	14	to	to	PART
alces-57	66	15	be	be	AUX
alces-57	66	16	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	66	17	independent	independent	ADJ
alces-57	66	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	66	19	see	see	VERB
alces-57	66	20	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	66	21	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	66	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	66	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	67	1	hy	hy	PROPN
alces-57	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	3	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	67	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	5	hf	hf	INTJ
alces-57	67	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	7	t	t	NOUN
alces-57	67	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	67	10	hm	hm	INTJ
alces-57	67	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	12	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	67	13	refer	refer	VERB
alces-57	67	14	to	to	ADP
alces-57	67	15	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	67	16	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	67	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	67	18	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	67	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	67	20	sexes	sex	NOUN
alces-57	67	21	combined	combine	VERB
alces-57	67	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	67	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	24	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	67	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	26	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	67	27	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	67	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	67	29	respectively	respectively	ADV
alces-57	67	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	68	1	rt	rt	PROPN
alces-57	68	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	3	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	68	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	5	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	68	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	68	8	scm	scm	PROPN
alces-57	68	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	10	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	68	11	are	be	AUX
alces-57	68	12	given	give	VERB
alces-57	68	13	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	68	14	follows	follow	VERB
alces-57	68	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	16	with	with	SCONJ
alces-57	68	17	biological	biological	ADJ
alces-57	68	18	details	detail	NOUN
alces-57	68	19	explained	explain	VERB
alces-57	68	20	in	in	ADP
alces-57	68	21	the	the	DET
alces-57	68	22	following	follow	VERB
alces-57	68	23	subsection	subsection	NOUN
alces-57	68	24	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	68	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	68	26	3	3	X
alces-57	68	27	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	68	28	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	68	29	4	4	X
alces-57	68	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	68	31	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	68	32	r	r	NOUN
alces-57	68	33	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	68	34	=	=	SYM
alces-57	68	35	α0	α0	ADJ
alces-57	68	36	exp(p	exp(p	NOUN
alces-57	68	37	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	68	38	is	be	AUX
alces-57	68	39	the	the	DET
alces-57	68	40	maximum	maximum	ADJ
alces-57	68	41	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	68	42	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	43	si	si	PROPN
alces-57	68	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	68	45	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	68	46	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	68	47	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	68	48	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	49	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	68	50	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	68	51	are	be	AUX
alces-57	68	52	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	68	53	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	68	54	of	of	ADP
alces-57	68	55	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	68	56	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	68	57	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	68	58	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	68	59	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	68	60	at	at	ADP
alces-57	68	61	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	68	62	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	68	63	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	68	64	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	68	65	no	no	DET
alces-57	68	66	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	68	67	effect	effect	NOUN
alces-57	68	68	occurs	occur	VERB
alces-57	68	69	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	70	nt	not	PART
alces-57	68	71	is	be	AUX
alces-57	68	72	the	the	DET
alces-57	68	73	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	68	74	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	68	75	at	at	ADP
alces-57	68	76	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	68	77	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	68	78	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	79	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	68	80	is	be	AUX
alces-57	68	81	the	the	DET
alces-57	68	82	carrying	carrying	NOUN
alces-57	68	83	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	68	84	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	85	γi	γi	X
alces-57	68	86	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	68	87	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	68	88	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	68	89	0	0	NUM
alces-57	68	90	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	91	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	68	92	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	93	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	68	94	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	68	95	is	be	AUX
alces-57	68	96	the	the	DET
alces-57	68	97	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	68	98	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	68	99	exponent	exponent	NOUN
alces-57	68	100	in	in	ADP
alces-57	68	101	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	68	102	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	68	103	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	68	104	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	105	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	68	106	αi	αi	VERB
alces-57	68	107	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	68	108	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	68	109	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	68	110	0	0	NUM
alces-57	68	111	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	112	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	68	113	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	68	114	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	68	115	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	68	116	are	be	AUX
alces-57	68	117	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
alces-57	68	118	relating	relate	VERB
alces-57	68	119	to	to	ADP
alces-57	68	120	the	the	DET
alces-57	68	121	relative	relative	ADJ
alces-57	68	122	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	68	123	of	of	ADP
alces-57	68	124	3	3	NUM
alces-57	68	125	stages	stage	NOUN
alces-57	68	126	at	at	ADP
alces-57	68	127	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	68	128	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	68	129	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	69	1	constraints	constraint	NOUN
alces-57	69	2	on	on	ADP
alces-57	69	3	αi	αi	PROPN
alces-57	69	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	69	5	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	69	6	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	69	7	0	0	NUM
alces-57	69	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	69	9	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	69	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	69	11	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	69	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	69	13	are	be	AUX
alces-57	69	14	provided	provide	VERB
alces-57	69	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	69	16	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	69	17	1	1	NUM
alces-57	69	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	70	1	this	this	DET
alces-57	70	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	70	3	structure	structure	NOUN
alces-57	70	4	permits	permit	VERB
alces-57	70	5	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	70	6	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	70	7	specific	specific	ADJ
alces-57	70	8	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	70	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	70	10	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	70	11	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	70	12	that	that	PRON
alces-57	70	13	are	be	AUX
alces-57	70	14	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
alces-57	70	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	70	16	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	70	17	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	70	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	70	19	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	70	20	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	70	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	70	22	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	70	23	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	70	24	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	70	25	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	70	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	70	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	71	1	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	71	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	71	3	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	71	4	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	71	5	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	71	6	was	be	AUX
alces-57	71	7	determined	determine	VERB
alces-57	71	8	from	from	ADP
alces-57	71	9	juvenile	juvenile	ADJ
alces-57	71	10	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	71	11	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	71	12	measured	measure	VERB
alces-57	71	13	from	from	ADP
alces-57	71	14	birth	birth	NOUN
alces-57	71	15	to	to	ADP
alces-57	71	16	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	71	17	census	census	NOUN
alces-57	71	18	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	71	20	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	71	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	71	22	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	71	23	litter	litter	NOUN
alces-57	71	24	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	71	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	71	26	measured	measure	VERB
alces-57	71	27	by	by	ADP
alces-57	71	28	the	the	DET
alces-57	71	29	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	71	30	of	of	ADP
alces-57	71	31	offspring	offspring	NOUN
alces-57	71	32	produced	produce	VERB
alces-57	71	33	per	per	ADP
alces-57	71	34	female	female	NOUN
alces-57	71	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	71	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	71	37	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	71	38	the	the	DET
alces-57	71	39	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	71	40	of	of	ADP
alces-57	71	41	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	71	42	that	that	PRON
alces-57	71	43	breed	breed	VERB
alces-57	71	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	71	45	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
alces-57	71	46	1992	1992	NUM
alces-57	71	47	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	71	48	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	72	1	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	72	2	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	72	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	72	4	ungulates	ungulate	NOUN
alces-57	72	5	has	have	AUX
alces-57	72	6	been	be	AUX
alces-57	72	7	reported	report	VERB
alces-57	72	8	to	to	PART
alces-57	72	9	be	be	AUX
alces-57	72	10	very	very	ADV
alces-57	72	11	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
alces-57	72	12	to	to	ADP
alces-57	72	13	limiting	limit	VERB
alces-57	72	14	factors	factor	NOUN
alces-57	72	15	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	72	16	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	72	17	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	72	18	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	72	19	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	72	20	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	72	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	72	22	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	72	23	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	72	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	72	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	73	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	73	2	a	a	DET
alces-57	73	3	review	review	NOUN
alces-57	73	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	73	5	temporal	temporal	ADJ
alces-57	73	6	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	73	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	73	8	fitness	fitness	NOUN
alces-57	73	9	components	component	NOUN
alces-57	73	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	73	11	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	73	12	herbivores	herbivore	NOUN
alces-57	73	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	73	14	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	73	15	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	73	16	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	73	17	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	74	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	74	2	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	74	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	74	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
alces-57	74	5	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	74	6	preweaning	preweane	VERB
alces-57	74	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	74	8	postweaning	postweaning	NOUN
alces-57	74	9	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	74	10	were	be	AUX
alces-57	74	11	generally	generally	ADV
alces-57	74	12	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	74	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	74	14	x	x	NOUN
alces-57	74	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	74	16	0.638	0.638	NUM
alces-57	74	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	74	18	0.697	0.697	NUM
alces-57	74	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	74	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	74	21	varied	vary	VERB
alces-57	74	22	markedly	markedly	ADV
alces-57	74	23	over	over	ADP
alces-57	74	24	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	74	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	74	26	space	space	NOUN
alces-57	74	27	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	74	28	cv	cv	PROPN
alces-57	74	29	of	of	ADP
alces-57	74	30	0.265	0.265	NUM
alces-57	74	31	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	74	32	0.279	0.279	NUM
alces-57	74	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	74	34	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	75	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
alces-57	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	75	3	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	75	4	have	have	AUX
alces-57	75	5	shown	show	VERB
alces-57	75	6	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	75	7	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	75	8	to	to	ADP
alces-57	75	9	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	75	10	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	75	11	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	75	12	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	75	13	gaillard	gaillard	NOUN
alces-57	75	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	75	15	yoccoz	yoccoz	NOUN
alces-57	75	16	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	75	17	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	75	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	75	19	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	75	20	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	75	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	75	22	sand	sand	NOUN
alces-57	75	23	et	et	NOUN
alces-57	75	24	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	75	25	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	75	26	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	75	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	75	28	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
alces-57	75	29	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	75	30	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	75	31	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	75	32	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	75	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	75	34	in	in	ADP
alces-57	75	35	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	75	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	76	1	as	as	ADP
alces-57	76	2	for	for	ADP
alces-57	76	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	76	4	breeding	breeding	NOUN
alces-57	76	5	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	76	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	76	7	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	76	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	76	9	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	76	10	indicate	indicate	VERB
alces-57	76	11	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	76	12	relatively	relatively	ADV
alces-57	76	13	few	few	ADJ
alces-57	76	14	yearling	yearling	ADJ
alces-57	76	15	cow	cow	NOUN
alces-57	76	16	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	76	17	have	have	VERB
alces-57	76	18	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	76	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	76	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	76	21	few	few	ADJ
alces-57	76	22	2	2	NUM
alces-57	76	23	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	76	24	yr	yr	NOUN
alces-57	76	25	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	76	26	old	old	ADJ
alces-57	76	27	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	76	28	older	old	ADJ
alces-57	76	29	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	76	30	have	have	VERB
alces-57	76	31	twins	twin	NOUN
alces-57	76	32	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	76	33	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	76	34	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	76	35	is	be	AUX
alces-57	76	36	high	high	ADJ
alces-57	76	37	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	76	38	schwartz	schwartz	NOUN
alces-57	76	39	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	76	40	franzmann	franzmann	ADJ
alces-57	76	41	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	76	42	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	76	43	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	77	1	due	due	ADP
alces-57	77	2	to	to	ADP
alces-57	77	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	77	4	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
alces-57	77	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	77	6	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	77	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	77	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	77	9	components	component	NOUN
alces-57	77	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	77	11	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	77	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	13	3	3	NUM
alces-57	77	14	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	77	15	[	[	X
alces-57	77	16	respectively	respectively	ADV
alces-57	77	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	18	the	the	DET
alces-57	77	19	3/8	3/8	NUM
alces-57	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	21	4/8	4/8	NUM
alces-57	77	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	77	23	2nd	2nd	ADJ
alces-57	77	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	77	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	26	5/8	5/8	NUM
alces-57	77	27	quartiles	quartile	NOUN
alces-57	77	28	of	of	ADP
alces-57	77	29	a	a	DET
alces-57	77	30	normal	normal	ADJ
alces-57	77	31	distribution	distribution	NOUN
alces-57	77	32	with	with	ADP
alces-57	77	33	mean	mean	NOUN
alces-57	77	34	of	of	ADP
alces-57	77	35	0.75	0.75	NUM
alces-57	77	36	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	77	37	variance	variance	NOUN
alces-57	77	38	of	of	ADP
alces-57	77	39	0.1822	0.1822	NUM
alces-57	77	40	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	41	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	77	42	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	43	n	n	X
alces-57	77	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	77	45	0.75	0.75	NUM
alces-57	77	46	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	47	0.1822	0.1822	NUM
alces-57	77	48	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	77	49	for	for	ADP
alces-57	77	50	juvenile	juvenile	ADJ
alces-57	77	51	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	77	52	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	77	53	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	77	54	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	77	55	1.88	1.88	NUM
alces-57	77	56	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	57	0.2072	0.2072	NUM
alces-57	77	58	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	77	59	for	for	ADP
alces-57	77	60	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	77	61	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	77	62	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	77	63	n	n	PRON
alces-57	77	64	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	77	65	0.765	0.765	NUM
alces-57	77	66	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	77	67	0.2062	0.2062	NUM
alces-57	77	68	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	77	69	for	for	ADP
alces-57	77	70	breeding	breed	VERB
alces-57	77	71	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	77	72	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	77	73	for	for	ADP
alces-57	77	74	each	each	DET
alces-57	77	75	component	component	NOUN
alces-57	77	76	were	be	AUX
alces-57	77	77	used	use	VERB
alces-57	77	78	based	base	VERB
alces-57	77	79	on	on	ADP
alces-57	77	80	empirical	empirical	ADJ
alces-57	77	81	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	77	82	from	from	ADP
alces-57	77	83	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	77	84	archives	archive	NOUN
alces-57	77	85	e084	e084	PROPN
alces-57	77	86	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	77	87	089	089	NUM
alces-57	77	88	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	77	89	a1	a1	NOUN
alces-57	77	90	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	77	91	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	77	92	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	77	93	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	77	94	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	78	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	78	2	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	78	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	78	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	79	1	these	these	DET
alces-57	79	2	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	79	3	were	be	AUX
alces-57	79	4	targeted	target	VERB
alces-57	79	5	for	for	ADP
alces-57	79	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	79	7	maximum	maximum	ADJ
alces-57	79	8	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	79	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	79	10	r	r	NOUN
alces-57	79	11	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	79	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	79	13	so	so	ADV
alces-57	79	14	they	they	PRON
alces-57	79	15	were	be	AUX
alces-57	79	16	adjusted	adjust	VERB
alces-57	79	17	higher	higher	ADV
alces-57	79	18	compared	compare	VERB
alces-57	79	19	to	to	ADP
alces-57	79	20	empirical	empirical	ADJ
alces-57	79	21	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	79	22	from	from	ADP
alces-57	79	23	the	the	DET
alces-57	79	24	literature	literature	NOUN
alces-57	79	25	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	79	26	empirical	empirical	ADJ
alces-57	79	27	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	79	28			NOUN
alces-57	79	29			NOUN
alces-57	79	30			NOUN
alces-57	79	31			NOUN
alces-57	79	32			NOUN
alces-57	79	33			NOUN
alces-57	79	34			PUNCT
alces-57	80	1			PROPN
alces-57	80	2			PROPN
alces-57	80	3			NOUN
alces-57	80	4			NOUN
alces-57	80	5			NOUN
alces-57	80	6			NOUN
alces-57	80	7			NOUN
alces-57	80	8			NOUN
alces-57	80	9			NOUN
alces-57	80	10	+	+	PUNCT
alces-57	81	1	+	+	PUNCT
alces-57	82	1	+	+	NUM
alces-57	82	2	1	1	NUM
alces-57	82	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	82	4	1	1	NUM
alces-57	82	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	82	6	1	1	NUM
alces-57	82	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	82	8	tm	tm	NOUN
alces-57	82	9	tf	tf	INTJ
alces-57	82	10	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	82	11	n	n	ADP
alces-57	82	12	n	n	NOUN
alces-57	82	13	n	n	NOUN
alces-57	82	14			NOUN
alces-57	82	15			NOUN
alces-57	82	16			NOUN
alces-57	82	17			NOUN
alces-57	82	18			NOUN
alces-57	82	19			NOUN
alces-57	82	20			PUNCT
alces-57	83	1			PROPN
alces-57	83	2			PROPN
alces-57	83	3			NOUN
alces-57	83	4			NOUN
alces-57	83	5			NOUN
alces-57	83	6			NOUN
alces-57	83	7			NOUN
alces-57	83	8			NOUN
alces-57	83	9			NOUN
alces-57	83	10	−	−	ADP
alces-57	83	11	mtcm	mtcm	PROPN
alces-57	83	12	ftcf	ftcf	PROPN
alces-57	83	13	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	83	14	ss	ss	INTJ
alces-57	84	1	ss	ss	NOUN
alces-57	84	2	r	r	NOUN
alces-57	84	3	0)1	0)1	PROPN
alces-57	84	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	84	5	0	0	NUM
alces-57	84	6	00	00	NUM
alces-57	84	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	84	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	84	9	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	84	10	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	84	11			VERB
alces-57	84	12			NOUN
alces-57	84	13			NOUN
alces-57	84	14			NOUN
alces-57	84	15			NOUN
alces-57	84	16			NOUN
alces-57	84	17			PUNCT
alces-57	85	1			PROPN
alces-57	85	2			PROPN
alces-57	85	3			NOUN
alces-57	85	4			NOUN
alces-57	85	5			NOUN
alces-57	85	6			NOUN
alces-57	85	7			NOUN
alces-57	85	8			NOUN
alces-57	85	9			VERB
alces-57	85	10	tm	tm	NOUN
alces-57	85	11	tf	tf	INTJ
alces-57	85	12	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	85	13	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	85	14	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	85	15	n	n	NOUN
alces-57	85	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	85	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	85	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	85	19			NOUN
alces-57	85	20			VERB
alces-57	85	21			NOUN
alces-57	85	22			NOUN
alces-57	85	23			NOUN
alces-57	85	24			NOUN
alces-57	85	25			PUNCT
alces-57	86	1			PROPN
alces-57	86	2			PROPN
alces-57	86	3			NOUN
alces-57	86	4			NOUN
alces-57	86	5			NOUN
alces-57	86	6			NOUN
alces-57	86	7			NOUN
alces-57	86	8			NOUN
alces-57	86	9			NOUN
alces-57	86	10	−	−	PUNCT
alces-57	87	1	tm	tm	INTJ
alces-57	88	1	tf	tf	INTJ
alces-57	89	1	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	90	1	h	h	NOUN
alces-57	91	1	h	h	NOUN
alces-57	92	1	h	h	NOUN
alces-57	92	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	92	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	92	5	=	=	PUNCT
alces-57	92	6	tr	tr	NOUN
alces-57	92	7			NOUN
alces-57	92	8			NOUN
alces-57	92	9			PUNCT
alces-57	93	1			PROPN
alces-57	93	2			PROPN
alces-57	93	3			NOUN
alces-57	93	4			NOUN
alces-57	93	5			VERB
alces-57	93	6			PROPN
alces-57	93	7			PROPN
alces-57	93	8			PROPN
alces-57	93	9			PROPN
alces-57	93	10			ADJ
alces-57	93	11			ADJ
alces-57	93	12			NUM
alces-57	93	13			NOUN
alces-57	93	14			NOUN
alces-57	93	15			PUNCT
alces-57	94	1			PROPN
alces-57	94	2			NOUN
alces-57	94	3			NOUN
alces-57	95	1	−	−	ADP
alces-57	95	2	0	0	NUM
alces-57	95	3	1exp0	1exp0	NUM
alces-57	95	4	γ	γ	X
alces-57	95	5	α	α	NOUN
alces-57	95	6	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	95	7	ntp=	ntp=	PROPN
alces-57	95	8	tis	tis	PROPN
alces-57	95	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	95	10			NOUN
alces-57	95	11			NOUN
alces-57	95	12			PUNCT
alces-57	96	1			PROPN
alces-57	96	2			PROPN
alces-57	96	3			NOUN
alces-57	96	4			NOUN
alces-57	96	5			NOUN
alces-57	96	6			NOUN
alces-57	96	7			PUNCT
alces-57	97	1			PROPN
alces-57	97	2			NOUN
alces-57	97	3			NOUN
alces-57	97	4			VERB
alces-57	98	1	i	i	PRON
alces-57	98	2	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	99	1	nt	not	PART
alces-57	99	2	i	i	PRON
alces-57	99	3	is	be	AUX
alces-57	99	4	γ	γ	X
alces-57	99	5	αexp	αexp	NOUN
alces-57	99	6	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	99	7	cmcfi	cmcfi	NOUN
alces-57	99	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	99	9	=(	=(	NOUN
alces-57	99	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	99	11	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	99	12	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	99	13	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	100	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	100	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	100	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	100	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	100	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	100	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	100	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	100	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	100	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	100	11	19	19	NUM
alces-57	100	12	were	be	AUX
alces-57	100	13	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	100	14	under	under	ADP
alces-57	100	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	100	16	influence	influence	NOUN
alces-57	100	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	100	18	various	various	ADJ
alces-57	100	19	limiting	limit	VERB
alces-57	100	20	factors	factor	NOUN
alces-57	100	21	such	such	ADJ
alces-57	100	22	as	as	ADP
alces-57	100	23	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	100	24	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	100	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	100	26	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	100	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	101	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
alces-57	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	101	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	101	4	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	101	5	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	101	6	at	at	ADP
alces-57	101	7	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	101	8	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	101	9	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	101	10	was	be	AUX
alces-57	101	11	calculated	calculate	VERB
alces-57	101	12	by	by	ADP
alces-57	101	13	r	r	NOUN
alces-57	101	14	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	101	15	=	=	SYM
alces-57	101	16	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	101	17	juvenile	juvenile	ADJ
alces-57	101	18	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	101	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	101	20	×	×	NOUN
alces-57	101	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	101	22	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	101	23	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	101	24	×	×	NOUN
alces-57	101	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	101	26	breeding	breeding	NOUN
alces-57	101	27	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	101	28	of	of	ADP
alces-57	101	29	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	101	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	101	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	101	32	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	101	33	no	no	DET
alces-57	101	34	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	101	35	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	101	36	occurred	occur	VERB
alces-57	101	37	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	102	1	to	to	PART
alces-57	102	2	account	account	VERB
alces-57	102	3	for	for	ADP
alces-57	102	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	102	5	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	102	6	effect	effect	NOUN
alces-57	102	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	102	8	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	102	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	102	10	we	we	PRON
alces-57	102	11	used	use	VERB
alces-57	102	12	a	a	DET
alces-57	102	13	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	102	14	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	102	15	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	102	16	function	function	NOUN
alces-57	102	17	given	give	VERB
alces-57	102	18	by	by	ADP
alces-57	102	19	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	102	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	102	21	3	3	NUM
alces-57	102	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	102	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	103	1	although	although	SCONJ
alces-57	103	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	103	3	precise	precise	ADJ
alces-57	103	4	shape	shape	NOUN
alces-57	103	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	103	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	103	7	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	103	8	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	103	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
alces-57	103	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	103	11	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	103	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	103	13	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	103	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	103	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	103	16	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	103	17	was	be	AUX
alces-57	103	18	poorly	poorly	ADV
alces-57	103	19	documented	document	VERB
alces-57	103	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	103	21	empirical	empirical	ADJ
alces-57	103	22	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	103	23	suggested	suggest	VERB
alces-57	103	24	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	103	25	there	there	PRON
alces-57	103	26	was	be	VERB
alces-57	103	27	little	little	ADJ
alces-57	103	28	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	103	29	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	103	30	at	at	ADP
alces-57	103	31	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	103	32	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	103	33	moderate	moderate	ADJ
alces-57	103	34	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	103	35	densities	density	NOUN
alces-57	103	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	103	37	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	103	38	the	the	DET
alces-57	103	39	response	response	NOUN
alces-57	103	40	became	become	VERB
alces-57	103	41	stronger	strong	ADJ
alces-57	103	42	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	103	43	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	103	44	approached	approach	VERB
alces-57	103	45	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	103	46	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	103	47	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	103	48	fowler	fowler	PROPN
alces-57	103	49	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	103	50	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	103	51	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	103	52	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	103	53	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	103	54	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	103	55	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	103	56	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	103	57	nilsen	nilsen	PROPN
alces-57	103	58	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	103	59	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	103	60	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	103	61	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	103	62	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	103	63	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	104	1	survival	survival	PROPN
alces-57	104	2	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	104	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	104	4	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	104	5	has	have	AUX
alces-57	104	6	been	be	AUX
alces-57	104	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
alces-57	104	8	to	to	PART
alces-57	104	9	be	be	AUX
alces-57	104	10	more	more	ADV
alces-57	104	11	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
alces-57	104	12	to	to	ADP
alces-57	104	13	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	104	14	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	104	15	than	than	ADP
alces-57	104	16	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	104	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	104	18	adult	adult	NOUN
alces-57	104	19	animals	animal	NOUN
alces-57	104	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	104	21	bonenfant	bonenfant	NOUN
alces-57	104	22	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	104	23	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	104	24	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	104	25	2009	2009	NUM
alces-57	104	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	104	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	105	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	105	2	used	use	VERB
alces-57	105	3	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	105	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	105	5	4	4	NUM
alces-57	105	6	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	105	7	to	to	PART
alces-57	105	8	account	account	VERB
alces-57	105	9	for	for	ADP
alces-57	105	10	the	the	DET
alces-57	105	11	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	105	12	effect	effect	NOUN
alces-57	105	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	105	14	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	105	15	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	105	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	106	1	to	to	PART
alces-57	106	2	keep	keep	VERB
alces-57	106	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	106	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	106	5	relatively	relatively	ADV
alces-57	106	6	simple	simple	ADJ
alces-57	106	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	106	8	analytically	analytically	ADV
alces-57	106	9	tractable	tractable	ADJ
alces-57	106	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	106	11	we	we	PRON
alces-57	106	12	assumed	assume	VERB
alces-57	106	13	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	106	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	106	15	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	106	16	of	of	ADP
alces-57	106	17	adult	adult	NOUN
alces-57	106	18	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	106	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	106	20	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	106	21	remained	remain	VERB
alces-57	106	22	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ
alces-57	106	23	with	with	ADP
alces-57	106	24	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	106	25	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	106	26	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	107	1	previous	previous	ADJ
alces-57	107	2	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	107	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	107	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	107	5	have	have	AUX
alces-57	107	6	shown	show	VERB
alces-57	107	7	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	107	8	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	107	9	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	107	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	107	11	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	107	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	107	13	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	107	14	varied	varied	ADJ
alces-57	107	15	from	from	ADP
alces-57	107	16	0.850.94	0.850.94	NOUN
alces-57	107	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	107	18	bangs	bang	NOUN
alces-57	107	19	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	107	20	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	107	21	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	107	22	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	107	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	107	24	larsen	larsen	PROPN
alces-57	107	25	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	107	26	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	107	27	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	107	28	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	107	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	107	30	ballard	ballard	PROPN
alces-57	107	31	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	107	32	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	107	33	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	107	34	1991	1991	NUM
alces-57	107	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	107	36	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	107	37	we	we	PRON
alces-57	107	38	used	use	VERB
alces-57	107	39	this	this	DET
alces-57	107	40	range	range	NOUN
alces-57	107	41	of	of	ADP
alces-57	107	42	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	107	43	in	in	ADP
alces-57	107	44	our	our	PRON
alces-57	107	45	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	107	46	fitting	fitting	ADJ
alces-57	107	47	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	108	1	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	108	2	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	108	3	estimating	estimate	VERB
alces-57	108	4	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	108	5	carrying	carrying	NOUN
alces-57	108	6	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	108	7	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	108	8	was	be	AUX
alces-57	108	9	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	108	10	according	accord	VERB
alces-57	108	11	to	to	ADP
alces-57	108	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	108	13	ө	ө	NOUN
alces-57	108	14	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	108	15	logistic	logistic	ADJ
alces-57	108	16	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	108	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	108	18	gilpin	gilpin	NOUN
alces-57	108	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	108	20	ayala	ayala	PROPN
alces-57	108	21	1973	1973	NUM
alces-57	108	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	108	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	109	1	under	under	ADP
alces-57	109	2	harvesting	harvest	VERB
alces-57	109	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	4	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	109	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	109	6	change	change	NOUN
alces-57	109	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	109	8	a	a	DET
alces-57	109	9	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	109	10	with	with	ADP
alces-57	109	11	logistic	logistic	ADJ
alces-57	109	12	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	109	13	takes	take	VERB
alces-57	109	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	15	form	form	NOUN
alces-57	109	16	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	109	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	109	18	5	5	X
alces-57	109	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	109	20	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	109	21	n	n	PRON
alces-57	109	22	is	be	AUX
alces-57	109	23	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	24	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	109	25	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	109	26	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	109	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	109	28	lnλ0	lnλ0	PROPN
alces-57	109	29	is	be	AUX
alces-57	109	30	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	31	potential	potential	ADJ
alces-57	109	32	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	109	33	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	109	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	109	35	with	with	ADP
alces-57	109	36	λ0	λ0	NOUN
alces-57	109	37	being	be	AUX
alces-57	109	38	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	39	dominant	dominant	ADJ
alces-57	109	40	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	NOUN
alces-57	109	41	of	of	ADP
alces-57	109	42	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	43	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	109	44	in	in	ADP
alces-57	109	45	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	109	46	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	109	47	2	2	NUM
alces-57	109	48	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	109	49	with	with	ADP
alces-57	109	50	no	no	DET
alces-57	109	51	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	109	52	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	109	53	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	109	54	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	109	55	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	109	56	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	109	57	in	in	ADP
alces-57	109	58	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	59	limit	limit	NOUN
alces-57	109	60	as	as	ADP
alces-57	109	61	n↓0	n↓0	NOUN
alces-57	109	62	[	[	X
alces-57	109	63	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	109	64	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	109	65	3	3	NUM
alces-57	109	66	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	109	67	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	109	68	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	109	69	4	4	NUM
alces-57	109	70	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	109	71	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	109	72	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	109	73	ө	ө	NOUN
alces-57	109	74	shapes	shape	VERB
alces-57	109	75	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	76	nonlinearity	nonlinearity	NOUN
alces-57	109	77	of	of	ADP
alces-57	109	78	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	109	79	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	109	80	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	109	81	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	109	82	h	h	NOUN
alces-57	109	83	is	be	AUX
alces-57	109	84	the	the	DET
alces-57	109	85	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	109	86	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	109	87	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	109	88	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	109	89	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	109	90	xu	xu	INTJ
alces-57	109	91	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	109	92	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	109	93	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	109	94	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	109	95	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	109	96	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	110	1	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	110	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	110	3	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	110	4	achieves	achieve	VERB
alces-57	110	5	an	an	DET
alces-57	110	6	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	110	7	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	110	8	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	110	9	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	110	10	*	*	PROPN
alces-57	110	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	110	12	which	which	PRON
alces-57	110	13	is	be	AUX
alces-57	110	14	less	less	ADJ
alces-57	110	15	than	than	ADP
alces-57	110	16	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	110	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	110	18	could	could	AUX
alces-57	110	19	be	be	AUX
alces-57	110	20	approximated	approximate	VERB
alces-57	110	21	by	by	ADP
alces-57	110	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	110	23	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	110	24	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	110	25	of	of	ADP
alces-57	110	26	observed	observe	VERB
alces-57	110	27	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	110	28	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	110	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	110	30	we	we	PRON
alces-57	110	31	have	have	VERB
alces-57	110	32	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	110	33	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	110	34	6	6	X
alces-57	110	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	110	36	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	110	37	in	in	ADP
alces-57	110	38	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	110	39	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	110	40	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	110	41	suggest	suggest	VERB
alces-57	110	42	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	110	43	potential	potential	ADJ
alces-57	110	44	λ0	λ0	NOUN
alces-57	110	45	with	with	ADP
alces-57	110	46	no	no	DET
alces-57	110	47	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	110	48	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	110	49	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	110	50	varies	vary	VERB
alces-57	110	51	from	from	ADP
alces-57	110	52	1.10	1.10	NUM
alces-57	110	53	-	-	SYM
alces-57	110	54	1.41	1.41	NUM
alces-57	110	55	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	110	56	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	110	57	archives	archive	NOUN
alces-57	110	58	e084	e084	PROPN
alces-57	110	59	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	110	60	089	089	NUM
alces-57	110	61	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	110	62	a1	a1	NOUN
alces-57	110	63	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	110	64	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	111	1	for	for	ADP
alces-57	111	2	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	111	3	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	111	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	111	5	ө	ө	NOUN
alces-57	111	6	is	be	AUX
alces-57	111	7	typically	typically	ADV
alces-57	111	8	>	>	X
alces-57	111	9	1.0	1.0	NUM
alces-57	111	10	giving	give	VERB
alces-57	111	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	111	12	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	111	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	111	14	change	change	NOUN
alces-57	111	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	111	16	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	111	17	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	111	18	a	a	DET
alces-57	111	19	skewed	skewed	ADJ
alces-57	111	20	shape	shape	NOUN
alces-57	111	21	with	with	ADP
alces-57	111	22	a	a	DET
alces-57	111	23	maximum	maximum	ADJ
alces-57	111	24	somewhere	somewhere	ADV
alces-57	111	25	above	above	ADP
alces-57	111	26	half	half	NOUN
alces-57	111	27	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	111	28	k	k	NOUN
alces-57	111	29	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	111	30	crete	crete	PROPN
alces-57	111	31	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	111	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	111	33	boyce	boyce	NOUN
alces-57	111	34	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	111	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	111	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	112	1	here	here	ADV
alces-57	112	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	112	3	we	we	PRON
alces-57	112	4	used	use	VERB
alces-57	112	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	112	6	average	average	ADJ
alces-57	112	7	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	112	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	112	9	γi	γi	X
alces-57	112	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	112	11	>	>	X
alces-57	112	12	1	1	NUM
alces-57	112	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	112	14	see	see	VERB
alces-57	112	15	below	below	ADV
alces-57	112	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	113	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	113	2	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	113	3	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	113	4	0	0	NUM
alces-57	113	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	113	6	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	113	8	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	113	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	113	10	to	to	PART
alces-57	113	11	approximate	approximate	VERB
alces-57	113	12	ө	ө	NOUN
alces-57	113	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	114	1	this	this	DET
alces-57	114	2	degree	degree	NOUN
alces-57	114	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	114	4	nonlinearity	nonlinearity	NOUN
alces-57	114	5	is	be	AUX
alces-57	114	6	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
alces-57	114	7	to	to	PART
alces-57	114	8	result	result	VERB
alces-57	114	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	114	10	exaggerated	exaggerated	ADJ
alces-57	114	11	overcompensation	overcompensation	NOUN
alces-57	114	12	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	114	13	getz	getz	NOUN
alces-57	114	14	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	114	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	114	16	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	114	17	appropriately	appropriately	ADV
alces-57	114	18	captures	capture	VERB
alces-57	114	19	the	the	DET
alces-57	114	20	biological	biological	ADJ
alces-57	114	21	process	process	NOUN
alces-57	114	22	of	of	ADP
alces-57	114	23	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	114	24	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	114	25	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN
alces-57	114	26	of	of	ADP
alces-57	114	27	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	114	28	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	114	29	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	114	30	fowler	fowler	NOUN
alces-57	114	31	1981	1981	NUM
alces-57	114	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	114	33	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	114	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	114	35	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	114	36	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	114	37	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	114	38	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	114	39	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	114	40	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	114	41	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	114	42	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	114	43	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	115	1	estimating	estimate	VERB
alces-57	115	2	herd	herd	NOUN
alces-57	115	3	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	115	4	at	at	ADP
alces-57	115	5	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	115	6	herd	herd	NOUN
alces-57	115	7	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	115	8	at	at	ADP
alces-57	115	9	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	115	10	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	115	11	was	be	AUX
alces-57	115	12	represented	represent	VERB
alces-57	115	13	by	by	ADP
alces-57	115	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	115	15	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	115	16	of	of	ADP
alces-57	115	17	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	115	18	per	per	ADP
alces-57	115	19	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	115	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	115	21	ofy	ofy	NOUN
alces-57	115	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	115	23	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	115	24	the	the	DET
alces-57	115	25	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	115	26	of	of	ADP
alces-57	115	27	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	115	28	per	per	ADP
alces-57	115	29	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	115	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	115	31	omy	omy	PROPN
alces-57	115	32	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	115	33	see	see	VERB
alces-57	115	34	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	115	35	s1	s1	NOUN
alces-57	115	36	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	115	37	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	115	38	which	which	PRON
alces-57	115	39	was	be	AUX
alces-57	115	40	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	115	41	by	by	ADP
alces-57	115	42	conditional	conditional	ADJ
alces-57	115	43	least	least	ADJ
alces-57	115	44	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	115	45	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	115	46	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	115	47	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	115	48	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	115	49	dennis	dennis	PROPN
alces-57	115	50	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	115	51	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	115	52	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	115	53	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	115	54	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	115	55	detailed	detail	VERB
alces-57	115	56	in	in	ADP
alces-57	115	57	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	115	58	2	2	NUM
alces-57	115	59	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	115	60	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	116	1	further	far	ADV
alces-57	116	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	116	3	α0	α0	ADJ
alces-57	116	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	116	5	αcf	αcf	NUM
alces-57	116	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	116	7	αcm	αcm	NOUN
alces-57	116	8	can	can	AUX
alces-57	116	9	be	be	AUX
alces-57	116	10	obtained	obtain	VERB
alces-57	116	11	from	from	ADP
alces-57	116	12	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	116	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	116	14	s2)-(s4	s2)-(s4	PROPN
alces-57	116	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	116	16	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	116	17	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	116	18	2	2	NUM
alces-57	116	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	116	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	117	1	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	117	2	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	117	3	sets	set	NOUN
alces-57	117	4	were	be	AUX
alces-57	117	5	limited	limit	VERB
alces-57	117	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	117	7	we	we	PRON
alces-57	117	8	set	set	VERB
alces-57	117	9	predetermined	predetermined	ADJ
alces-57	117	10	combinations	combination	NOUN
alces-57	117	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	117	12	other	other	ADJ
alces-57	117	13	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	117	14	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	117	15	to	to	PART
alces-57	117	16	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	117	17	ofy	ofy	NOUN
alces-57	117	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	117	19	omy	omy	PROPN
alces-57	117	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	118	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	118	2	set	set	VERB
alces-57	118	3	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	118	4	at	at	ADP
alces-57	118	5	4	4	NUM
alces-57	118	6	plausible	plausible	ADJ
alces-57	118	7	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	118	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	118	9	0.3	0.3	NUM
alces-57	118	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	11	0.4	0.4	NUM
alces-57	118	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	13	0.5	0.5	NUM
alces-57	118	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	118	16	0.6	0.6	NUM
alces-57	118	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	18	γi	γi	X
alces-57	118	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	118	20	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	118	21	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	118	22	0	0	NUM
alces-57	118	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	24	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	118	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	26	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	118	27	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	118	28	was	be	AUX
alces-57	118	29	chosen	choose	VERB
alces-57	118	30	between	between	ADP
alces-57	118	31	1.5	1.5	NUM
alces-57	118	32	-	-	SYM
alces-57	118	33	4.0	4.0	NUM
alces-57	118	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	35	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	118	36	=	=	SYM
alces-57	118	37	scm	scm	PROPN
alces-57	118	38	were	be	AUX
alces-57	118	39	fixed	fix	VERB
alces-57	118	40	to	to	ADP
alces-57	118	41	some	some	DET
alces-57	118	42	certain	certain	ADJ
alces-57	118	43	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	118	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	118	45	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	118	46	1	1	NUM
alces-57	118	47	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	118	48	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	49	sf	sf	PROPN
alces-57	118	50	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	51	sm	sm	PROPN
alces-57	118	52	were	be	AUX
alces-57	118	53	chosen	choose	VERB
alces-57	118	54	between	between	ADP
alces-57	118	55	0.85	0.85	NUM
alces-57	118	56	-	-	SYM
alces-57	118	57	0.94	0.94	NUM
alces-57	118	58	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	118	59	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	118	60	described	describe	VERB
alces-57	118	61	in	in	ADP
alces-57	118	62	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	118	63	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	118	64	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	118	65	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	118	66	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	118	67	r	r	X
alces-57	118	68	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	118	69	was	be	AUX
alces-57	118	70	chosen	choose	VERB
alces-57	118	71	from	from	ADP
alces-57	118	72	the	the	DET
alces-57	118	73	3	3	NUM
alces-57	118	74	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	118	75	mentioned	mention	VERB
alces-57	118	76	previously	previously	ADV
alces-57	118	77	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	119	1	finally	finally	ADV
alces-57	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	119	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	119	4	[	[	PUNCT
alces-57	119	5	]	]	X
alces-57	119	6	hknndtdn	hknndtdn	PROPN
alces-57	119	7	−−⋅=	−−⋅=	PROPN
alces-57	119	8	θλ	θλ	PROPN
alces-57	119	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	119	10	/(1ln/	/(1ln/	PROPN
alces-57	119	11	0	0	PUNCT
alces-57	120	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	120	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	120	3	θλ	θλ	ADP
alces-57	120	4	/1	/1	PROPN
alces-57	120	5	*	*	PROPN
alces-57	120	6	0	0	NUM
alces-57	120	7	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	120	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	120	9	/(ln1	/(ln1	PUNCT
alces-57	121	1	nh	nh	PROPN
alces-57	121	2	nk	nk	PROPN
alces-57	121	3	⋅−	⋅−	NOUN
alces-57	121	4	=	=	SYM
alces-57	121	5	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	121	6	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	121	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	121	8	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	121	9	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	121	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	121	11	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	121	12	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	121	13	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	121	14	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	121	15	46	46	NUM
alces-57	121	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	121	17	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	121	18	20	20	NUM
alces-57	121	19	combination	combination	NOUN
alces-57	121	20	that	that	PRON
alces-57	121	21	produced	produce	VERB
alces-57	121	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	121	23	smallest	small	ADJ
alces-57	121	24	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	121	25	sum	sum	NOUN
alces-57	121	26	of	of	ADP
alces-57	121	27	squared	square	VERB
alces-57	121	28	errors	error	NOUN
alces-57	121	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	121	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	121	31	as	as	ADV
alces-57	121	32	well	well	ADV
alces-57	121	33	as	as	ADP
alces-57	121	34	positive	positive	ADJ
alces-57	122	1	αi	αi	NOUN
alces-57	122	2	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	122	3	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	122	4	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	122	5	0	0	NUM
alces-57	122	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	122	7	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	122	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	122	9	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	122	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	122	11	was	be	AUX
alces-57	122	12	chosen	choose	VERB
alces-57	122	13	for	for	ADP
alces-57	122	14	each	each	DET
alces-57	122	15	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	122	16	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	122	17	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	122	18	1	1	NUM
alces-57	122	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	122	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	123	1	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	123	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	123	3	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	123	4	hunting	hunt	VERB
alces-57	123	5	seasons	season	NOUN
alces-57	123	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	123	7	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	123	8	in	in	ADP
alces-57	123	9	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	123	10	open	open	ADJ
alces-57	123	11	as	as	ADV
alces-57	123	12	early	early	ADV
alces-57	123	13	as	as	ADP
alces-57	123	14	september	september	PROPN
alces-57	123	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	123	16	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	123	17	most	most	ADJ
alces-57	123	18	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	123	19	is	be	AUX
alces-57	123	20	in	in	ADP
alces-57	123	21	october	october	PROPN
alces-57	123	22	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	123	23	november	november	PROPN
alces-57	123	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	124	1	telephone	telephone	NOUN
alces-57	124	2	surveys	survey	NOUN
alces-57	124	3	were	be	AUX
alces-57	124	4	conducted	conduct	VERB
alces-57	124	5	by	by	ADP
alces-57	124	6	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	124	7	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
alces-57	124	8	resource	resource	NOUN
alces-57	124	9	development	development	NOUN
alces-57	124	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	124	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	124	12	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	124	13	fish	fish	PROPN
alces-57	124	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	124	15	game	game	NOUN
alces-57	124	16	association	association	NOUN
alces-57	124	17	shortly	shortly	ADV
alces-57	124	18	after	after	ADP
alces-57	124	19	the	the	DET
alces-57	124	20	close	close	NOUN
alces-57	124	21	of	of	ADP
alces-57	124	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	124	23	hunting	hunt	VERB
alces-57	124	24	season	season	NOUN
alces-57	124	25	to	to	PART
alces-57	124	26	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	124	27	the	the	DET
alces-57	124	28	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	124	29	of	of	ADP
alces-57	124	30	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	124	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	124	32	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	124	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	124	34	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	124	35	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	124	36	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	124	37	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	124	38	in	in	ADP
alces-57	124	39	each	each	DET
alces-57	124	40	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	124	41	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	124	42	stelfox	stelfox	ADJ
alces-57	124	43	1993	1993	NUM
alces-57	124	44	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	124	45	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	125	1	besides	besides	SCONJ
alces-57	125	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	125	3	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	125	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	125	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	125	6	also	also	ADV
alces-57	125	7	are	be	AUX
alces-57	125	8	subject	subject	ADJ
alces-57	125	9	to	to	ADP
alces-57	125	10	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	125	11	by	by	ADP
alces-57	125	12	wolf	wolf	PROPN
alces-57	125	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	125	14	black	black	ADJ
alces-57	125	15	bear	bear	NOUN
alces-57	125	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	125	17	grizzly	grizzly	NOUN
alces-57	125	18	bear	bear	NOUN
alces-57	125	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	125	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	125	21	cou∑	cou∑	X
alces-57	125	22	=	=	SYM
alces-57	125	23	3	3	NUM
alces-57	125	24	1i	1i	NUM
alces-57	125	25	iq	iq	NOUN
alces-57	125	26	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	125	27	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	125	28	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	125	29	346	346	NUM
alces-57	125	30	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	125	31	350	350	NUM
alces-57	125	32	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	125	33	358	358	NUM
alces-57	125	34	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	125	35	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	125	36	at	at	ADP
alces-57	125	37	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	125	38	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	125	39	density†	density†	NOUN
alces-57	125	40	r	r	PROPN
alces-57	125	41	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	125	42	1.3066	1.3066	NUM
alces-57	125	43	1.0787	1.0787	NUM
alces-57	125	44	0.8774	0.8774	NUM
alces-57	125	45	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	125	46	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	125	47	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	48	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	125	49	at	at	ADP
alces-57	125	50	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	125	51	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	125	52	density†	density†	NOUN
alces-57	125	53	si	si	X
alces-57	125	54	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	125	55	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	125	56	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	125	57	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	125	58	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	125	59	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	125	60	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	125	61	0.90	0.90	NUM
alces-57	125	62	0.90	0.90	NUM
alces-57	125	63	0.90	0.90	NUM
alces-57	125	64	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	125	65	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	125	66	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	67	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	125	68	sf	sf	NOUN
alces-57	125	69	0.85	0.85	NUM
alces-57	125	70	0.91	0.91	NUM
alces-57	125	71	0.92	0.92	NUM
alces-57	125	72	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	125	73	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	125	74	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	75	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	125	76	sm	sm	VERB
alces-57	125	77	0.85	0.85	NUM
alces-57	125	78	0.90	0.90	NUM
alces-57	125	79	0.89	0.89	NUM
alces-57	125	80	finite	finite	ADJ
alces-57	125	81	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	125	82	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	83	increase	increase	NOUN
alces-57	125	84	λ0	λ0	NOUN
alces-57	125	85	1.3017	1.3017	NUM
alces-57	125	86	1.2266	1.2266	NUM
alces-57	125	87	1.1297	1.1297	NUM
alces-57	125	88	carrying	carrying	NOUN
alces-57	125	89	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	125	90	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	125	91	3488	3488	NUM
alces-57	125	92	3856	3856	NUM
alces-57	125	93	3298	3298	NUM
alces-57	125	94	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	125	95	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	96	female	female	NOUN
alces-57	125	97	per	per	ADP
alces-57	125	98	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	125	99	at	at	ADP
alces-57	125	100	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	125	101	capacity‡	capacity‡	NOUN
alces-57	125	102	ofy	ofy	PROPN
alces-57	125	103	1.3990	1.3990	NUM
alces-57	125	104	2.5162	2.5162	NUM
alces-57	125	105	2.9556	2.9556	NUM
alces-57	125	106	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	125	107	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	108	male	male	NOUN
alces-57	125	109	per	per	ADP
alces-57	125	110	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	125	111	at	at	ADP
alces-57	125	112	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	125	113	capacity‡	capacity‡	NOUN
alces-57	125	114	omy	omy	PROPN
alces-57	125	115	2.4040	2.4040	NUM
alces-57	125	116	3.7482	3.7482	NUM
alces-57	125	117	4.8895	4.8895	NUM
alces-57	125	118	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
alces-57	125	119	regulating	regulate	VERB
alces-57	125	120	relative	relative	ADJ
alces-57	125	121	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	125	122	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	123	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	125	124	stages	stage	NOUN
alces-57	125	125	at	at	ADP
alces-57	125	126	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	125	127	capacity@	capacity@	NOUN
alces-57	125	128	α0	α0	ADJ
alces-57	125	129	0.7148	0.7148	NUM
alces-57	125	130	0.3974	0.3974	NUM
alces-57	125	131	0.3383	0.3383	NUM
alces-57	125	132	αcf	αcf	ADV
alces-57	125	133	0.7628	0.7628	NUM
alces-57	125	134	0.4636	0.4636	NUM
alces-57	125	135	0.1326	0.1326	NUM
alces-57	125	136	αcm	αcm	NOUN
alces-57	125	137	0.2215	0.2215	VERB
alces-57	125	138	0.3651	0.3651	NUM
alces-57	125	139	0.1582	0.1582	NUM
alces-57	125	140	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	125	141	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
alces-57	125	142	#	#	NOUN
alces-57	125	143	p	p	NOUN
alces-57	125	144	0.6032	0.6032	NUM
alces-57	125	145	0.9985	0.9985	NUM
alces-57	125	146	0.9529	0.9529	NUM
alces-57	125	147	variance	variance	NOUN
alces-57	125	148	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	125	149	covariance	covariance	NOUN
alces-57	125	150	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	125	151	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	152	error	error	NOUN
alces-57	125	153	vectors	vector	NOUN
alces-57	125	154	&	&	CCONJ
alces-57	125	155	σ	σ	PROPN
alces-57	125	156	σ1	σ1	PROPN
alces-57	125	157	σ2	σ2	PROPN
alces-57	125	158	σ3	σ3	PROPN
alces-57	125	159	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	125	160	of	of	ADP
alces-57	125	161	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	125	162	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	125	163	at	at	ADP
alces-57	125	164	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	125	165	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	125	166	0.5	0.5	NUM
alces-57	125	167	0.4	0.4	NUM
alces-57	125	168	0.3	0.3	NUM
alces-57	125	169	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	125	170	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	125	171	exponent	exponent	NOUN
alces-57	125	172	γ0	γ0	VERB
alces-57	125	173	1.5	1.5	NUM
alces-57	125	174	2.0	2.0	NUM
alces-57	125	175	1.5	1.5	NUM
alces-57	125	176	γcf	γcf	NOUN
alces-57	125	177	1.5	1.5	NUM
alces-57	125	178	3.0	3.0	NUM
alces-57	125	179	4.0	4.0	NUM
alces-57	125	180	γcm	γcm	NOUN
alces-57	125	181	3.0	3.0	NUM
alces-57	125	182	4.0	4.0	NUM
alces-57	125	183	4.0	4.0	NUM
alces-57	125	184	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	125	185	1	1	NUM
alces-57	125	186	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	126	1	definitions	definition	NOUN
alces-57	126	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	126	3	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	126	4	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	126	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	126	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	126	7	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	126	8	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	126	9	for	for	ADP
alces-57	126	10	each	each	PRON
alces-57	126	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	126	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	126	13	3	3	NUM
alces-57	126	14	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	126	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	126	16	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	126	18	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	126	19	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	127	1	†	†	PROPN
alces-57	127	2	numerical	numerical	PROPN
alces-57	127	3	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	127	4	based	base	VERB
alces-57	127	5	on	on	ADP
alces-57	127	6	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	127	7	archives	archive	NOUN
alces-57	127	8	e084	e084	PROPN
alces-57	127	9	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	127	10	089	089	NUM
alces-57	127	11	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	127	12	a1	a1	NOUN
alces-57	127	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	127	14	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	127	15	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	127	16	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	127	17	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	127	18	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	127	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	127	20	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	127	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	127	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	127	23	northern	northern	ADJ
alces-57	127	24	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	127	25	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	127	26	progress	progress	NOUN
alces-57	127	27	report	report	NOUN
alces-57	127	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	127	29	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	127	30	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	127	31	web	web	NOUN
alces-57	127	32	resource	resource	NOUN
alces-57	127	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	127	34	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	128	1	‡	‡	PUNCT
alces-57	129	1	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	129	2	by	by	ADP
alces-57	129	3	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	129	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	129	5	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	129	6	2	2	NUM
alces-57	129	7	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	129	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	130	1	@	@	AUX
alces-57	130	2	calculated	calculate	VERB
alces-57	130	3	from	from	ADP
alces-57	130	4	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	130	5	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	130	6	s2)-(s4	s2)-(s4	PROPN
alces-57	130	7	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	130	8	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	130	9	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	130	10	1	1	NUM
alces-57	130	11	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	130	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	131	1	#	#	NOUN
alces-57	131	2	calculated	calculate	VERB
alces-57	131	3	from	from	ADP
alces-57	131	4	r	r	NOUN
alces-57	131	5	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	131	6	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	131	7	α1exp(p	α1exp(p	NUM
alces-57	131	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	131	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	132	1	&	&	CCONJ
alces-57	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	132	3	for	for	ADP
alces-57	132	4	calculation	calculation	NOUN
alces-57	132	5	details	detail	NOUN
alces-57	132	6	see	see	VERB
alces-57	132	7	appendix	appendix	ADJ
alces-57	132	8	s2	s2	NOUN
alces-57	132	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	133	1	λ0	λ0	NOUN
alces-57	133	2	calculated	calculate	VERB
alces-57	133	3	as	as	ADP
alces-57	133	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	133	5	dominant	dominant	ADJ
alces-57	133	6	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	NOUN
alces-57	133	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	133	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	133	9	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	133	10	in	in	ADP
alces-57	133	11	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	133	12	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	133	13	2	2	NUM
alces-57	133	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	133	15	with	with	ADP
alces-57	133	16	no	no	DET
alces-57	133	17	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	133	18	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	133	19	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	133	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	133	21	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	133	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	133	23	in	in	ADP
alces-57	133	24	the	the	DET
alces-57	133	25	limit	limit	NOUN
alces-57	133	26	as	as	ADP
alces-57	133	27	n↓0	n↓0	NOUN
alces-57	133	28	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	134	1	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	134	2	was	be	AUX
alces-57	134	3	calculated	calculate	VERB
alces-57	134	4	from	from	ADP
alces-57	134	5	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	134	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	134	7	6	6	NUM
alces-57	134	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	134	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	135	1	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	135	2	0029.0008.00037.0	0029.0008.00037.0	VERB
alces-57	135	3	008.00233.00155.0	008.00233.00155.0	NOUN
alces-57	135	4	0037.00155.00563.0	0037.00155.00563.0	NOUN
alces-57	135	5	1	1	NUM
alces-57	135	6			NOUN
alces-57	135	7			NOUN
alces-57	135	8			NOUN
alces-57	135	9			PUNCT
alces-57	136	1			PROPN
alces-57	136	2			PROPN
alces-57	136	3			NOUN
alces-57	136	4			NOUN
alces-57	136	5			NOUN
alces-57	136	6			NOUN
alces-57	136	7	=	=	SYM
alces-57	136	8	σ	σ	PROPN
alces-57	136	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	136	10	035.00128.00211.0	035.00128.00211.0	NUM
alces-57	136	11	0128.00084.00009.0	0128.00084.00009.0	ADJ
alces-57	136	12	0211.00009.00303.0	0211.00009.00303.0	ADJ
alces-57	136	13	2	2	NUM
alces-57	136	14			NOUN
alces-57	136	15			NOUN
alces-57	136	16			NOUN
alces-57	136	17			PUNCT
alces-57	137	1			PROPN
alces-57	137	2			PROPN
alces-57	137	3			NOUN
alces-57	137	4			NOUN
alces-57	137	5			NOUN
alces-57	137	6			NOUN
alces-57	137	7	=	=	SYM
alces-57	137	8	σ	σ	NOUN
alces-57	137	9			NOUN
alces-57	137	10			NOUN
alces-57	137	11			NOUN
alces-57	137	12			PUNCT
alces-57	138	1			PROPN
alces-57	138	2			PROPN
alces-57	138	3			NOUN
alces-57	138	4			NOUN
alces-57	138	5			NOUN
alces-57	138	6			NOUN
alces-57	138	7	=	=	SYM
alces-57	138	8	0062.00015.00055.0	0062.00015.00055.0	NUM
alces-57	138	9	0015.0014.00264.0	0015.0014.00264.0	NOUN
alces-57	138	10	0055.00264.0051.0	0055.00264.0051.0	NOUN
alces-57	138	11	3σ	3σ	NUM
alces-57	138	12	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	138	13	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	138	14	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	139	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	139	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	139	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	139	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	139	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	139	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	139	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	139	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	139	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	139	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	139	11	21	21	NUM
alces-57	139	12	gar	gar	NOUN
alces-57	139	13	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	139	14	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	139	15	account	account	VERB
alces-57	139	16	for	for	ADP
alces-57	139	17	the	the	DET
alces-57	139	18	bulk	bulk	NOUN
alces-57	139	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	139	20	predator	predator	NOUN
alces-57	139	21	kills	kill	NOUN
alces-57	139	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	139	23	ross	ross	NOUN
alces-57	139	24	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	139	25	jalkotzy	jalkotzy	NOUN
alces-57	139	26	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	139	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	139	28	ballard	ballard	NOUN
alces-57	139	29	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	139	30	van	van	PROPN
alces-57	139	31	ballenberghe	ballenberghe	NOUN
alces-57	139	32	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	139	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	139	34	munro	munro	PROPN
alces-57	139	35	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	139	36	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	139	37	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	139	38	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	139	39	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	139	40	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	140	1	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	140	2	fitting	fit	VERB
alces-57	140	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	140	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	140	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	140	6	we	we	PRON
alces-57	140	7	assumed	assume	VERB
alces-57	140	8	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	140	9	approximately	approximately	ADV
alces-57	140	10	40	40	NUM
alces-57	140	11	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	140	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	140	13	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	140	14	were	be	AUX
alces-57	140	15	subjected	subject	VERB
alces-57	140	16	to	to	ADP
alces-57	140	17	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	140	18	annually	annually	ADV
alces-57	140	19	before	before	ADP
alces-57	140	20	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	140	21	aerial	aerial	ADJ
alces-57	140	22	surveys	survey	NOUN
alces-57	140	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	140	24	see	see	VERB
alces-57	140	25	ballard	ballard	PROPN
alces-57	140	26	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	140	27	van	van	PROPN
alces-57	140	28	ballenberghe	ballenberghe	NOUN
alces-57	140	29	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	140	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	140	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	140	32	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	140	33	considered	consider	VERB
alces-57	140	34	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	140	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	140	36	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	140	37	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	140	38	by	by	ADP
alces-57	140	39	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	140	40	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	140	41	aboriginal	aboriginal	ADJ
alces-57	140	42	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	140	43	to	to	PART
alces-57	140	44	be	be	AUX
alces-57	140	45	part	part	NOUN
alces-57	140	46	of	of	ADP
alces-57	140	47	natural	natural	ADJ
alces-57	140	48	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	140	49	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	141	1	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	141	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	141	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	141	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	141	5	simulations	simulation	NOUN
alces-57	141	6	given	give	VERB
alces-57	141	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	141	8	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
alces-57	141	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	141	10	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	141	11	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	141	12	based	base	VERB
alces-57	141	13	on	on	ADP
alces-57	141	14	a	a	DET
alces-57	141	15	limited	limited	ADJ
alces-57	141	16	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	141	17	set	set	NOUN
alces-57	141	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	141	19	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	141	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	141	21	was	be	AUX
alces-57	141	22	conducted	conduct	VERB
alces-57	141	23	to	to	PART
alces-57	141	24	examine	examine	VERB
alces-57	141	25	how	how	SCONJ
alces-57	141	26	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
alces-57	141	27	the	the	DET
alces-57	141	28	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	141	29	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	141	30	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	141	31	[	[	PUNCT
alces-57	141	32	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	141	33	measured	measure	VERB
alces-57	141	34	by	by	ADP
alces-57	141	35	λ	λ	NOUN
alces-57	141	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	141	37	the	the	DET
alces-57	141	38	dominant	dominant	ADJ
alces-57	141	39	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	NOUN
alces-57	141	40	of	of	ADP
alces-57	141	41	the	the	DET
alces-57	141	42	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	141	43	in	in	ADP
alces-57	141	44	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	141	45	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	141	46	2	2	NUM
alces-57	141	47	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	141	48	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	142	1	was	be	AUX
alces-57	142	2	to	to	ADP
alces-57	142	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	142	4	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	142	5	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	142	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	143	1	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	143	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	143	3	is	be	AUX
alces-57	143	4	a	a	DET
alces-57	143	5	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	143	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	143	7	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
alces-57	143	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	143	9	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	143	10	elasticities	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	143	11	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	143	12	eij	eij	PROPN
alces-57	143	13	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	143	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	143	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	143	16	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	143	17	elements	element	NOUN
alces-57	143	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	143	19	aij	aij	NOUN
alces-57	143	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	143	21	were	be	AUX
alces-57	143	22	scaled	scale	VERB
alces-57	143	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	143	24	ln	ln	ADJ
alces-57	143	25	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	143	26	sensitivity	sensitivity	NOUN
alces-57	143	27	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	143	28	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	143	29	sij	sij	PROPN
alces-57	143	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	143	31	that	that	PRON
alces-57	143	32	summed	sum	VERB
alces-57	143	33	to	to	ADP
alces-57	143	34	1.0	1.0	NUM
alces-57	143	35	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	143	36	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	143	37	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	143	38	):	):	PUNCT
alces-57	143	39	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	143	40	7	7	X
alces-57	143	41	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	143	42	the	the	DET
alces-57	143	43	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	143	44	elements	element	NOUN
alces-57	143	45	rt	rt	PROPN
alces-57	143	46	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	143	47	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	143	48	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	143	49	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	143	50	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	143	51	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	143	52	scm	scm	PROPN
alces-57	143	53	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	143	54	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	143	55	were	be	AUX
alces-57	143	56	comprised	comprise	VERB
alces-57	143	57	of	of	ADP
alces-57	143	58	several	several	ADJ
alces-57	143	59	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	143	60	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	143	61	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	144	1	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	144	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	144	3	λ	λ	PROPN
alces-57	144	4	to	to	ADP
alces-57	144	5	these	these	DET
alces-57	144	6	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	144	7	was	be	AUX
alces-57	144	8	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
alces-57	144	9	by	by	ADP
alces-57	144	10	taking	take	VERB
alces-57	144	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	144	12	partial	partial	ADJ
alces-57	144	13	derivatives	derivative	NOUN
alces-57	144	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	144	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	144	16	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	144	17	with	with	ADP
alces-57	144	18	respect	respect	NOUN
alces-57	144	19	to	to	ADP
alces-57	144	20	these	these	DET
alces-57	144	21	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	144	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	144	23	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	144	24	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	144	25	):	):	PUNCT
alces-57	144	26	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	144	27	8)	8)	NUM
alces-57	144	28	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	144	29	ex	ex	PRON
alces-57	144	30	is	be	AUX
alces-57	144	31	the	the	DET
alces-57	144	32	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	144	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	144	34	λ	λ	PROPN
alces-57	144	35	to	to	ADP
alces-57	144	36	a	a	DET
alces-57	144	37	proportional	proportional	ADJ
alces-57	144	38	change	change	NOUN
alces-57	144	39	in	in	ADP
alces-57	144	40	a	a	DET
alces-57	144	41	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	144	42	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	144	43	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	144	44	x	x	NOUN
alces-57	144	45	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	144	46	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	144	47	listed	list	VERB
alces-57	144	48	in	in	ADP
alces-57	144	49	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	144	50	2	2	NUM
alces-57	144	51	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	145	1	the	the	PRON
alces-57	145	2	higher	high	ADJ
alces-57	145	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	145	4	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	145	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	145	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	145	7	more	more	ADV
alces-57	145	8	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
alces-57	145	9	λ	λ	NOUN
alces-57	145	10	is	be	AUX
alces-57	145	11	to	to	ADP
alces-57	145	12	changes	change	NOUN
alces-57	145	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	145	14	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	145	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	146	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	146	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	146	3	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	146	4	simulations	simulation	VERB
alces-57	146	5	a	a	DET
alces-57	146	6	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	146	7	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	146	8	[	[	X
alces-57	146	9	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	146	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	146	11	s5)-(s7	s5)-(s7	PROPN
alces-57	146	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	146	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	146	14	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	146	15	2	2	NUM
alces-57	146	16	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	146	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	146	18	a	a	DET
alces-57	146	19	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	146	20	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	146	21	[	[	X
alces-57	146	22	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	146	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	146	24	s8)-(s10	s8)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	146	25	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	146	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	146	27	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	146	28	2	2	NUM
alces-57	146	29	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	146	30	were	be	AUX
alces-57	146	31	used	use	VERB
alces-57	146	32	to	to	PART
alces-57	146	33	project	project	VERB
alces-57	146	34	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	146	35	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	146	36	in	in	ADP
alces-57	146	37	the	the	DET
alces-57	146	38	3	3	NUM
alces-57	146	39	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	146	40	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	147	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	147	2	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
alces-57	147	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
alces-57	147	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	147	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	6	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	147	7	was	be	AUX
alces-57	147	8	conducted	conduct	VERB
alces-57	147	9	by	by	ADP
alces-57	147	10	plotting	plot	VERB
alces-57	147	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	12	observed	observe	VERB
alces-57	147	13	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	147	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	147	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	16	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	147	17	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	147	18	represented	represent	VERB
alces-57	147	19	by	by	ADP
alces-57	147	20	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	21	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	147	22	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	147	23	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	147	24	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	25	5th	5th	ADJ
alces-57	147	26	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	147	27	95th	95th	ADJ
alces-57	147	28	percentiles	percentile	NOUN
alces-57	147	29	of	of	ADP
alces-57	147	30	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	31	one	one	NUM
alces-57	147	32	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	147	33	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	147	34	ahead	ahead	NOUN
alces-57	147	35	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	147	36	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	147	37	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	147	38	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	147	39	use	use	VERB
alces-57	147	40	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	147	41	to	to	PART
alces-57	147	42	update	update	VERB
alces-57	147	43	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	44	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	147	45	for	for	ADP
alces-57	147	46	one	one	NUM
alces-57	147	47	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	147	48	ahead	ahead	ADV
alces-57	147	49	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	147	50	from	from	ADP
alces-57	147	51	the	the	DET
alces-57	147	52	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	147	53	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	148	1	[	[	X
alces-57	148	2	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	148	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	148	4	s8)-(s10	s8)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	148	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	148	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	148	7	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	148	8	2	2	NUM
alces-57	148	9	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	148	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	149	1	for	for	ADP
alces-57	149	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	149	3	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	149	4	case	case	NOUN
alces-57	149	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	149	6	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	149	7	at	at	ADP
alces-57	149	8	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	149	9	is	be	AUX
alces-57	149	10	examined	examine	VERB
alces-57	149	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	150	1	for	for	ADP
alces-57	150	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	150	3	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	150	4	case	case	NOUN
alces-57	150	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	150	6	however	however	ADV
alces-57	150	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	150	8	we	we	PRON
alces-57	150	9	simulate	simulate	VERB
alces-57	150	10	the	the	DET
alces-57	150	11	process	process	NOUN
alces-57	150	12	over	over	ADP
alces-57	150	13	a	a	DET
alces-57	150	14	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	150	15	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	150	16	of	of	ADP
alces-57	150	17	years	year	NOUN
alces-57	150	18	by	by	ADP
alces-57	150	19	using	use	VERB
alces-57	150	20	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	150	21	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	150	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	150	23	s8)(s10	s8)(s10	NOUN
alces-57	150	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	150	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	150	26	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	150	27	2	2	NUM
alces-57	150	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	150	29	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	150	30	then	then	ADV
alces-57	150	31	examined	examine	VERB
alces-57	150	32	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	150	33	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	150	34	yields	yield	NOUN
alces-57	150	35	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	151	1	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	151	2	parameter	parameter	PROPN
alces-57	151	3	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	151	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	151	5	simulations	simulation	NOUN
alces-57	151	6	were	be	AUX
alces-57	151	7	implemented	implement	VERB
alces-57	151	8	using	use	VERB
alces-57	151	9	the	the	DET
alces-57	151	10	free	free	ADJ
alces-57	151	11	software	software	PROPN
alces-57	151	12	environment	environment	PROPN
alces-57	151	13	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	151	14	results	result	VERB
alces-57	151	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	151	16	vital	vital	ADJ
alces-57	151	17	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	151	18	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	151	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	151	20	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	151	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	151	22	3	3	NUM
alces-57	151	23	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	151	24	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	151	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	151	26	4	4	X
alces-57	151	27	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	151	28	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	151	29	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	151	30	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	151	31	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	151	32	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	151	33	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	151	34	of	of	ADP
alces-57	151	35	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	151	36	had	have	VERB
alces-57	151	37	a	a	DET
alces-57	151	38	negative	negative	ADJ
alces-57	151	39	relationship	relationship	NOUN
alces-57	151	40	with	with	ADP
alces-57	151	41	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	151	42	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	151	43	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	151	44	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	151	45	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	152	1	2a	2a	NUM
alces-57	152	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	152	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	153	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	153	2	corresponding	correspond	VERB
alces-57	153	3	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	153	4	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	153	5	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	153	6	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	153	7	from	from	ADP
alces-57	153	8	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	153	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	153	10	1	1	X
alces-57	153	11	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	153	12	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	153	13	with	with	ADP
alces-57	153	14	increasing	increase	VERB
alces-57	153	15	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	153	16	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	153	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	153	18	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	153	19	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	153	20	2b	2b	NUM
alces-57	153	21	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	153	22	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	154	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	154	2	elasticity	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	154	3	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	154	4	for	for	ADP
alces-57	154	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	154	6	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	154	7	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	154	8	suggested	suggest	VERB
alces-57	154	9	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	154	10	λ	λ	NOUN
alces-57	154	11	was	be	AUX
alces-57	154	12	most	most	ADV
alces-57	154	13	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
alces-57	154	14	to	to	ADP
alces-57	154	15	changes	change	NOUN
alces-57	154	16	in	in	ADP
alces-57	154	17	4	4	NUM
alces-57	154	18	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	154	19	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	154	20	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	154	21	of	of	ADP
alces-57	154	22	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	154	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	154	24	sf	sf	NOUN
alces-57	154	25	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	154	26	ranked	rank	VERB
alces-57	154	27	first	first	ADV
alces-57	154	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	154	29	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	154	30	of	of	ADP
alces-57	154	31	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	154	32	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	154	33	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	154	34	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	154	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	154	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	154	37	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	154	38	ratio	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	154	39	at	at	ADP
alces-57	154	40	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	154	41	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	154	42	δ	δ	NOUN
alces-57	154	43	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	154	44	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	154	45	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	154	46	α0	α0	ADJ
alces-57	154	47	ranked	rank	VERB
alces-57	154	48	second	second	ADJ
alces-57	154	49	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	154	50	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	154	51	2	2	NUM
alces-57	154	52	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	154	53	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	155	1	other	other	ADJ
alces-57	155	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	155	3	would	would	AUX
alces-57	155	4	contribute	contribute	VERB
alces-57	155	5	little	little	ADJ
alces-57	155	6	to	to	ADP
alces-57	155	7	future	future	ADJ
alces-57	155	8	changes	change	NOUN
alces-57	155	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	155	10	λ	λ	PROPN
alces-57	155	11	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	155	12	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	155	13	2	2	NUM
alces-57	155	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	155	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	156	1	these	these	DET
alces-57	156	2	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	156	3	were	be	AUX
alces-57	156	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
alces-57	156	5	for	for	ADP
alces-57	156	6	all	all	DET
alces-57	156	7	3	3	NUM
alces-57	156	8	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	156	9	’s	’s	NOUN
alces-57	156	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	156	11	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	156	12	2	2	NUM
alces-57	156	13	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	156	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	157	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	157	2	preliminary	preliminary	ADJ
alces-57	157	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
alces-57	157	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	157	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	157	6	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	157	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
alces-57	157	8	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	157	9	even	even	ADV
alces-57	157	10	with	with	ADP
alces-57	157	11	few	few	ADJ
alces-57	157	12	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	157	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	157	14	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	157	15	counts	count	NOUN
alces-57	157	16	fell	fall	VERB
alces-57	157	17	within	within	ADP
alces-57	157	18	the	the	DET
alces-57	157	19	5th	5th	ADJ
alces-57	157	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	157	21	95th	95th	ADJ
alces-57	157	22	percentiles	percentile	NOUN
alces-57	157	23	of	of	ADP
alces-57	157	24	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	157	25	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	157	26	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	157	27	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	157	28	.	.	NOUN
alces-57	157	29	3	3	NUM
alces-57	157	30	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	157	31	4	4	NUM
alces-57	157	32	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	157	33	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	158	1	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	158	2	simulations	simulation	NOUN
alces-57	158	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
alces-57	158	4	substantial	substantial	ADJ
alces-57	158	5	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	158	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	158	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	158	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	158	9	intensity	intensity	NOUN
alces-57	158	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	158	11	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	158	12	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	158	13	/	/	SYM
alces-57	158	14	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	158	15	classes	class	NOUN
alces-57	158	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	158	17	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	158	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	158	19	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	158	20	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	158	21	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	158	22	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	158	23	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	158	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	158	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	158	26	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	158	27	between	between	ADP
alces-57	158	28	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	158	29	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	158	30	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	158	31	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	158	32	ty	ty	X
alces-57	158	33	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	158	34	to	to	PART
alces-57	158	35	maximize	maximize	VERB
alces-57	158	36	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	158	37	of	of	ADP
alces-57	158	38	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	158	39	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	158	40	hunting	hunting	NOUN
alces-57	158	41	of	of	ADP
alces-57	158	42	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	158	43	should	should	AUX
alces-57	158	44	be	be	AUX
alces-57	158	45	avoided	avoid	VERB
alces-57	158	46	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	158	47	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	158	48	3	3	NUM
alces-57	158	49	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	158	50	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	158	51	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	159	1	5a	5a	NUM
alces-57	159	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	159	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	160	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	160	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
alces-57	160	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	160	4	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	160	5	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	160	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	160	7	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	160	8	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	160	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	160	10	ij	ij	INTJ
alces-57	161	1	ij	ij	INTJ
alces-57	161	2	ij	ij	INTJ
alces-57	161	3	ij	ij	INTJ
alces-57	161	4	a	a	DET
alces-57	161	5	a	a	DET
alces-57	161	6	a	a	DET
alces-57	161	7	e	e	NOUN
alces-57	161	8	∂	∂	NOUN
alces-57	161	9	∂	∂	NUM
alces-57	161	10	=	=	SYM
alces-57	161	11	∂	∂	NOUN
alces-57	161	12	∂	∂	NOUN
alces-57	161	13	=	=	SYM
alces-57	161	14	λ	λ	X
alces-57	161	15	λ	λ	X
alces-57	161	16	λ	λ	X
alces-57	161	17	ln	ln	NOUN
alces-57	161	18	ln	ln	NOUN
alces-57	161	19	x	x	PUNCT
alces-57	161	20	a	a	DET
alces-57	161	21	a	a	NOUN
alces-57	161	22	x	x	SYM
alces-57	161	23	x	x	SYM
alces-57	161	24	xe	xe	PROPN
alces-57	161	25	ij	ij	INTJ
alces-57	161	26	ji	ji	PROPN
alces-57	161	27	ij	ij	INTJ
alces-57	161	28	x	x	PROPN
alces-57	161	29	∂	∂	NUM
alces-57	161	30	∂	∂	NUM
alces-57	161	31	∂	∂	NUM
alces-57	161	32	∂	∂	NUM
alces-57	161	33	=	=	SYM
alces-57	161	34	∂	∂	NOUN
alces-57	161	35	∂	∂	NOUN
alces-57	161	36	=	=	SYM
alces-57	161	37	∑	∑	PROPN
alces-57	161	38	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	161	39	λ	λ	PROPN
alces-57	161	40	λ	λ	X
alces-57	161	41	λ	λ	X
alces-57	161	42	λ	λ	NOUN
alces-57	161	43	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	161	44	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	161	45	of	of	ADP
alces-57	161	46	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	161	47	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	161	48	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	161	49	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	161	50	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	161	51	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	161	52	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	161	53	46	46	NUM
alces-57	161	54	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	161	55	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	161	56	22	22	NUM
alces-57	161	57	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	161	58	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	161	59	346	346	NUM
alces-57	161	60	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	161	61	350	350	NUM
alces-57	161	62	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	161	63	358	358	NUM
alces-57	161	64	0	0	NUM
alces-57	161	65	k/2	k/2	PROPN
alces-57	161	66	0	0	NUM
alces-57	161	67	k/2	k/2	PROPN
alces-57	161	68	0	0	NUM
alces-57	161	69	k/2	k/2	PROPN
alces-57	161	70	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	161	71	0.253	0.253	NUM
alces-57	161	72	0.209	0.209	NUM
alces-57	161	73	0.202	0.202	NUM
alces-57	161	74	0.173	0.173	NUM
alces-57	161	75	0.154	0.154	NUM
alces-57	161	76	0.126	0.126	NUM
alces-57	161	77	scm	scm	PROPN
alces-57	162	1	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	2	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	3	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	4	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	5	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	6	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	7	sf	sf	NOUN
alces-57	162	8	0.491	0.491	NUM
alces-57	162	9	0.583	0.583	NUM
alces-57	162	10	0.597	0.597	NUM
alces-57	162	11	0.655	0.655	NUM
alces-57	162	12	0.694	0.694	NUM
alces-57	162	13	0.754	0.754	NUM
alces-57	162	14	sm	sm	NOUN
alces-57	162	15	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	16	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	17	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	18	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	19	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	162	20	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	1	k	k	NOUN
alces-57	163	2	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	3	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	4	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	5	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	6	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	7	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	8	α0	α0	ADJ
alces-57	163	9	0.253	0.253	NUM
alces-57	163	10	0.209	0.209	NUM
alces-57	163	11	0.202	0.202	NUM
alces-57	163	12	0.173	0.173	NUM
alces-57	163	13	0.154	0.154	NUM
alces-57	163	14	0.126	0.126	NUM
alces-57	163	15	αcf	αcf	NUM
alces-57	163	16	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	17	-0.056	-0.056	SYM
alces-57	163	18	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	19	-0.010	-0.010	NUM
alces-57	163	20	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	163	21	-0.001	-0.001	NOUN
alces-57	163	22	αcm	αcm	NOUN
alces-57	164	1	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	2	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	3	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	4	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	5	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	6	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	7	p	p	NOUN
alces-57	164	8	0.158	0.158	NUM
alces-57	164	9	0.084	0.084	NUM
alces-57	164	10	0.212	0.212	NUM
alces-57	164	11	0.135	0.135	NUM
alces-57	164	12	0.154	0.154	NUM
alces-57	164	13	0.080	0.080	NUM
alces-57	164	14	δ	δ	NOUN
alces-57	164	15	0.253	0.253	NUM
alces-57	164	16	0.209	0.209	NUM
alces-57	164	17	0.202	0.202	NUM
alces-57	164	18	0.173	0.173	NUM
alces-57	164	19	0.154	0.154	NUM
alces-57	164	20	0.126	0.126	NUM
alces-57	164	21	γ0	γ0	NOUN
alces-57	164	22	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	23	0.045	0.045	NUM
alces-57	164	24	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	25	0.057	0.057	NUM
alces-57	164	26	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	27	0.043	0.043	NUM
alces-57	164	28	γcf	γcf	NOUN
alces-57	164	29	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	30	0.057	0.057	NUM
alces-57	164	31	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	32	0.019	0.019	NUM
alces-57	164	33	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	34	0.003	0.003	NUM
alces-57	164	35	γcm	γcm	X
alces-57	164	36	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	37	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	38	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	39	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	40	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	41	0.000	0.000	NUM
alces-57	164	42	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	164	43	2	2	NUM
alces-57	164	44	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	165	1	elasticities	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	165	2	for	for	ADP
alces-57	165	3	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	165	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	165	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	165	6	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	165	7	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	165	8	for	for	ADP
alces-57	165	9	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	165	10	from	from	ADP
alces-57	165	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	165	12	3	3	NUM
alces-57	165	13	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	165	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	165	15	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	165	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	165	17	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	165	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	166	1	elasticities	elasticity	NOUN
alces-57	166	2	were	be	AUX
alces-57	166	3	calculated	calculate	VERB
alces-57	166	4	for	for	ADP
alces-57	166	5	2	2	NUM
alces-57	166	6	levels	level	NOUN
alces-57	166	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	166	8	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	166	9	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	166	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	166	11	i.e.	i.e.	X
alces-57	166	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	166	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	166	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	166	15	limit	limit	NOUN
alces-57	166	16	as	as	ADP
alces-57	166	17	n	n	X
alces-57	166	18	↓	↓	NOUN
alces-57	166	19	0	0	NUM
alces-57	166	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	166	21	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	166	22	=	=	PROPN
alces-57	166	23	k/2	k/2	PROPN
alces-57	166	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	166	25	k	k	X
alces-57	166	26	is	be	AUX
alces-57	166	27	the	the	DET
alces-57	166	28	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	166	29	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	166	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	166	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	167	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	167	2	top	top	ADJ
alces-57	167	3	4	4	NUM
alces-57	167	4	ranked	rank	VERB
alces-57	167	5	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	167	6	are	be	AUX
alces-57	167	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	167	8	bold	bold	ADJ
alces-57	167	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	168	1	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	168	2	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	168	3	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	168	4	at	at	ADP
alces-57	168	5	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	168	6	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	168	7	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	168	8	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	168	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	168	10	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	168	11	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	168	12	at	at	ADP
alces-57	168	13	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	168	14	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	168	15	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	168	16	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	168	17	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	168	18	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	168	19	346	346	NUM
alces-57	168	20	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	168	21	350	350	NUM
alces-57	168	22	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	168	23	358	358	NUM
alces-57	168	24	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	168	25	346	346	NUM
alces-57	168	26	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	168	27	350	350	NUM
alces-57	168	28	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	168	29	358	358	NUM
alces-57	168	30	i.	i.	NOUN
alces-57	168	31	no	no	DET
alces-57	168	32	cow	cow	NOUN
alces-57	168	33	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	168	34	pc	pc	NOUN
alces-57	168	35	0	0	NUM
alces-57	168	36	0	0	NUM
alces-57	168	37	0	0	NUM
alces-57	168	38	0.40	0.40	NUM
alces-57	168	39	0.50	0.50	NUM
alces-57	168	40	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	168	41	pm	pm	NOUN
alces-57	168	42	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	168	43	0.30	0.30	NUM
alces-57	168	44	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	168	45	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	168	46	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	168	47	0.40	0.40	NUM
alces-57	168	48	ym	ym	NOUN
alces-57	168	49	219	219	NUM
alces-57	168	50	194	194	NUM
alces-57	168	51	200	200	NUM
alces-57	168	52	---y	---y	NOUN
alces-57	168	53	---460	---460	ADJ
alces-57	168	54	446	446	NUM
alces-57	168	55	323	323	NUM
alces-57	168	56	x	x	SYM
alces-57	168	57	3488	3488	NUM
alces-57	168	58	3856	3856	NUM
alces-57	168	59	3298	3298	NUM
alces-57	168	60	2553	2553	NUM
alces-57	168	61	2911	2911	NUM
alces-57	168	62	2445	2445	NUM
alces-57	168	63	xc	xc	NOUN
alces-57	169	1	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	169	2	xf	xf	PROPN
alces-57	169	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	169	4	xm	xm	PROPN
alces-57	169	5	71:100:37	71:100:37	NUM
alces-57	169	6	40:100:28	40:100:28	NOUN
alces-57	169	7	34:100:28	34:100:28	NUM
alces-57	169	8	54:100:23	54:100:23	NUM
alces-57	169	9	31:100:16	31:100:16	ADJ
alces-57	169	10	31:100:24	31:100:24	PROPN
alces-57	169	11	ii	ii	NOUN
alces-57	169	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	170	1	w	w	X
alces-57	170	2	/	/	SYM
alces-57	170	3	cow	cow	NOUN
alces-57	170	4	harvests	harvest	VERB
alces-57	170	5	pc	pc	NOUN
alces-57	170	6	0	0	NUM
alces-57	170	7	0	0	NUM
alces-57	170	8	0	0	NUM
alces-57	170	9	0.40	0.40	NUM
alces-57	170	10	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	170	11	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	170	12	pf	pf	NOUN
alces-57	170	13	0.004	0.004	NUM
alces-57	170	14	0.100	0.100	NUM
alces-57	170	15	0.004	0.004	NUM
alces-57	170	16	0.001	0.001	NUM
alces-57	170	17	0.050	0.050	NUM
alces-57	170	18	0.001	0.001	NUM
alces-57	170	19	pm	pm	NOUN
alces-57	170	20	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	170	21	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	170	22	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	170	23	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	170	24	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	170	25	0.40	0.40	NUM
alces-57	170	26	ym	ym	NOUN
alces-57	170	27	219	219	NUM
alces-57	170	28	223	223	NUM
alces-57	170	29	200	200	NUM
alces-57	170	30	---y	---y	NOUN
alces-57	170	31	---460	---460	ADJ
alces-57	170	32	480	480	NUM
alces-57	170	33	323	323	NUM
alces-57	170	34	x	x	SYM
alces-57	170	35	3488	3488	NUM
alces-57	170	36	2717	2717	NUM
alces-57	170	37	3298	3298	NUM
alces-57	170	38	2553	2553	NUM
alces-57	170	39	2551	2551	NUM
alces-57	170	40	2445	2445	NUM
alces-57	170	41	xc	xc	NOUN
alces-57	171	1	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	171	2	xf	xf	PROPN
alces-57	171	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	171	4	xm	xm	PROPN
alces-57	171	5	71:100:37	71:100:37	NUM
alces-57	171	6	66:100:51	66:100:51	NUM
alces-57	171	7	34:100:28	34:100:28	NUM
alces-57	171	8	54:100:23	54:100:23	NUM
alces-57	171	9	45:100:25	45:100:25	NOUN
alces-57	171	10	31:100:24	31:100:24	NUM
alces-57	171	11	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	171	12	3	3	NUM
alces-57	171	13	.	.	X
alces-57	171	14	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	171	15	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	171	16	for	for	ADP
alces-57	171	17	the	the	DET
alces-57	171	18	3	3	NUM
alces-57	171	19	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	171	20	under	under	ADP
alces-57	171	21	2	2	NUM
alces-57	171	22	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	171	23	targets	target	NOUN
alces-57	171	24	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	171	25	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	171	26	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	171	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	171	28	maximizing	maximize	VERB
alces-57	171	29	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	171	30	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	171	31	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	171	32	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	171	33	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	171	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	171	35	maximizing	maximize	VERB
alces-57	171	36	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	171	37	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	171	38	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	171	39	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	171	40	by	by	ADP
alces-57	171	41	the	the	DET
alces-57	171	42	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	171	43	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	172	1	[	[	X
alces-57	172	2	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	172	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	172	4	s5)(s7	s5)(s7	PROPN
alces-57	172	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	172	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	172	7	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	172	8	2	2	NUM
alces-57	172	9	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	172	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	173	1	variables	variable	NOUN
alces-57	173	2	pc	pc	NOUN
alces-57	173	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	173	4	pf	pf	INTJ
alces-57	173	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	173	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	173	7	pm	pm	NOUN
alces-57	173	8	are	be	AUX
alces-57	173	9	the	the	DET
alces-57	173	10	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	173	11	proportions	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	173	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	173	13	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	173	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	173	15	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	173	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	173	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	173	18	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	173	19	to	to	PART
alces-57	173	20	be	be	AUX
alces-57	173	21	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	173	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	173	23	respectively	respectively	ADV
alces-57	173	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	174	1	ym	ym	PROPN
alces-57	174	2	is	be	AUX
alces-57	174	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	174	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	174	5	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	174	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	174	7	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	174	8	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	174	9	at	at	ADP
alces-57	174	10	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	174	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	174	12	y	y	PROPN
alces-57	174	13	is	be	AUX
alces-57	174	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	174	15	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	174	16	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	174	17	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	174	18	at	at	ADP
alces-57	174	19	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	174	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	174	21	x	x	X
alces-57	174	22	is	be	AUX
alces-57	174	23	the	the	DET
alces-57	174	24	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	174	25	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	174	26	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	174	27	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	174	28	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	174	29	at	at	ADP
alces-57	174	30	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	174	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	174	32	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	174	33	xc	xc	X
alces-57	174	34	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	175	1	xf	xf	PROPN
alces-57	175	2	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	175	3	xm	xm	PROPN
alces-57	175	4	represents	represent	VERB
alces-57	175	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	175	6	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	175	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	175	8	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	175	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	175	10	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	175	11	per	per	ADP
alces-57	175	12	100	100	NUM
alces-57	175	13	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	175	14	after	after	ADP
alces-57	175	15	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	175	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	176	1	other	other	ADJ
alces-57	176	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	176	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	176	4	as	as	ADP
alces-57	176	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	176	6	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	176	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	176	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	177	1	no	no	DET
alces-57	177	2	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	177	3	is	be	AUX
alces-57	177	4	considered	consider	VERB
alces-57	177	5	here	here	ADV
alces-57	177	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	178	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	178	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	178	3	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	179	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	179	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	179	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	179	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	179	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	179	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	179	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	179	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	179	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	179	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	179	11	23	23	NUM
alces-57	179	12	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	179	13	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	179	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	179	15	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	179	16	should	should	AUX
alces-57	179	17	be	be	AUX
alces-57	179	18	subject	subject	ADJ
alces-57	179	19	to	to	ADP
alces-57	179	20	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	179	21	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	179	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	179	23	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	179	24	3	3	NUM
alces-57	179	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	179	26	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	179	27	5b	5b	NUM
alces-57	179	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	179	29	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	180	1	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	180	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	180	3	was	be	AUX
alces-57	180	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
alces-57	180	5	to	to	PART
alces-57	180	6	be	be	AUX
alces-57	180	7	less	less	ADV
alces-57	180	8	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	180	9	for	for	ADP
alces-57	180	10	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	180	11	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	180	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	180	13	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	180	14	than	than	ADP
alces-57	180	15	for	for	ADP
alces-57	180	16	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	180	17	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	180	18	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	180	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	180	20	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	180	21	3	3	NUM
alces-57	180	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	180	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	181	1	both	both	DET
alces-57	181	2	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	181	3	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	181	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	181	5	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	181	6	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	181	7	needed	need	VERB
alces-57	181	8	small	small	ADJ
alces-57	181	9	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	181	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	181	11	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	181	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	182	1	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	182	2	only	only	ADJ
alces-57	182	3	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	182	4	were	be	AUX
alces-57	182	5	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	182	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	182	7	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	182	8	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	182	9	could	could	AUX
alces-57	182	10	attain	attain	VERB
alces-57	182	11	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	182	12	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	182	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	182	14	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	182	15	3	3	NUM
alces-57	182	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	182	17	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	183	1	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	183	2	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	183	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	183	4	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	183	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	183	6	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	183	7	both	both	PRON
alces-57	183	8	substantially	substantially	ADV
alces-57	183	9	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	183	10	the	the	DET
alces-57	183	11	postharvest	postharv	ADJ
alces-57	183	12	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	183	13	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	183	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	183	15	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	183	16	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	183	17	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	183	18	yields	yield	NOUN
alces-57	183	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	183	20	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	183	21	3	3	NUM
alces-57	183	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	183	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	184	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	184	2	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	184	3	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	184	4	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	184	5	abundances	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	184	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	184	7	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	184	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	184	9	bulls/100	bulls/100	PROPN
alces-57	184	10	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	184	11	were	be	AUX
alces-57	184	12	larger	large	ADJ
alces-57	184	13	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	184	14	attempting	attempt	VERB
alces-57	184	15	to	to	PART
alces-57	184	16	optimize	optimize	VERB
alces-57	184	17	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	184	18	of	of	ADP
alces-57	184	19	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	184	20	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	184	21	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	184	22	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	184	23	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	184	24	involved	involve	VERB
alces-57	184	25	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	184	26	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	184	27	of	of	ADP
alces-57	184	28	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	184	29	which	which	PRON
alces-57	184	30	would	would	AUX
alces-57	184	31	not	not	PART
alces-57	184	32	be	be	AUX
alces-57	184	33	available	available	ADJ
alces-57	184	34	to	to	PART
alces-57	184	35	recruit	recruit	VERB
alces-57	184	36	to	to	ADP
alces-57	184	37	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	184	38	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	184	39	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	184	40	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	184	41	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	184	42	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	184	43	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	184	44	3	3	NUM
alces-57	184	45	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	184	46	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	185	1	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	185	2	did	do	AUX
alces-57	185	3	not	not	PART
alces-57	185	4	change	change	VERB
alces-57	185	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	185	6	general	general	ADJ
alces-57	185	7	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	185	8	except	except	SCONJ
alces-57	185	9	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	185	10	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	185	11	could	could	AUX
alces-57	185	12	not	not	PART
alces-57	185	13	reach	reach	VERB
alces-57	185	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	185	15	carrying	carrying	NOUN
alces-57	185	16	capacities	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	185	17	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	185	18	only	only	ADJ
alces-57	185	19	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	185	20	were	be	AUX
alces-57	185	21	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	185	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	185	23	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	185	24	4	4	NUM
alces-57	185	25	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	185	26	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	186	1	by	by	ADP
alces-57	186	2	comparison	comparison	NOUN
alces-57	186	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	186	4	y	y	PROPN
alces-57	186	5	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	186	6	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	186	7	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	186	8	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	186	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	186	10	in	in	ADP
alces-57	186	11	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	186	12	3	3	NUM
alces-57	186	13	with	with	ADP
alces-57	186	14	y	y	PROPN
alces-57	186	15	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	186	16	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	186	17	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	186	18	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	186	19	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	186	20	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	186	21	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	186	22	in	in	ADP
alces-57	186	23	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	186	24	4	4	NUM
alces-57	186	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	186	26	we	we	PRON
alces-57	186	27	found	find	VERB
alces-57	186	28	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	186	29	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	186	30	reduces	reduce	VERB
alces-57	186	31	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	186	32	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	186	33	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	186	34	in	in	ADP
alces-57	186	35	each	each	PRON
alces-57	186	36	of	of	ADP
alces-57	186	37	the	the	DET
alces-57	186	38	3	3	NUM
alces-57	186	39	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	186	40	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	187	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	187	2	general	general	ADJ
alces-57	187	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	187	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	187	5	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	187	6	intensity	intensity	NOUN
alces-57	187	7	decreases	decrease	VERB
alces-57	187	8	with	with	ADP
alces-57	187	9	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	187	10	on	on	ADP
alces-57	187	11	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	187	12	for	for	ADP
alces-57	187	13	both	both	DET
alces-57	187	14	goals	goal	NOUN
alces-57	187	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	187	16	regardless	regardless	ADV
alces-57	187	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	187	18	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	187	19	on	on	ADP
alces-57	187	20	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	187	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	187	22	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	187	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	187	24	6	6	NUM
alces-57	187	25	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	187	26	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	188	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	188	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	188	3	presence	presence	NOUN
alces-57	188	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	188	5	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	188	6	on	on	ADP
alces-57	188	7	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	188	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	188	9	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	188	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	189	1	2	2	NUM
alces-57	189	2	.	.	NUM
alces-57	189	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	189	4	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	189	5	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	189	6	including	include	VERB
alces-57	189	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	189	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	189	9	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	189	10	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	189	11	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	189	12	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	189	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	189	14	solid	solid	ADJ
alces-57	189	15	line	line	NOUN
alces-57	189	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	189	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	189	18	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	189	19	from	from	ADP
alces-57	189	20	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	189	21	to	to	ADP
alces-57	189	22	yearlings	yearling	NOUN
alces-57	189	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	189	24	dotted	dotted	ADJ
alces-57	189	25	line	line	NOUN
alces-57	189	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	189	27	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	189	28	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	189	29	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	189	30	dashed	dash	VERB
alces-57	189	31	line	line	NOUN
alces-57	189	32	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	189	33	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	189	34	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	189	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	189	36	as	as	ADP
alces-57	189	37	a	a	DET
alces-57	189	38	function	function	NOUN
alces-57	189	39	of	of	ADP
alces-57	189	40	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	189	41	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	189	42	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	189	43	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	189	44	b	b	X
alces-57	189	45	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	189	46	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	189	47	of	of	ADP
alces-57	189	48	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	189	49	increase	increase	VERB
alces-57	189	50	λ	λ	PROPN
alces-57	189	51	as	as	ADP
alces-57	189	52	a	a	DET
alces-57	189	53	function	function	NOUN
alces-57	189	54	of	of	ADP
alces-57	189	55	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	189	56	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	189	57	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	190	1	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	190	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	191	1	3	3	X
alces-57	191	2	.	.	NOUN
alces-57	191	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	191	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	191	5	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	191	6	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	191	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	191	8	circles	circle	NOUN
alces-57	191	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	10	for	for	ADP
alces-57	191	11	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	191	12	350	350	NUM
alces-57	191	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	191	14	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	191	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	191	16	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	191	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	191	18	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	191	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	191	20	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	191	21	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	22	from	from	ADP
alces-57	191	23	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	191	24	/	/	SYM
alces-57	191	25	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	191	26	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	191	27	based	base	VERB
alces-57	191	28	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	191	29	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	191	30	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	191	31	[	[	X
alces-57	191	32	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	191	33	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	191	34	s8)-(s10	s8)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	191	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	191	37	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	191	38	2	2	NUM
alces-57	191	39	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	191	40	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	191	41	a	a	X
alces-57	191	42	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	43	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	191	44	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	191	45	b	b	X
alces-57	191	46	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	47	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	191	48	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	191	49	c	c	NOUN
alces-57	191	50	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	51	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	191	52	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	191	53	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	191	54	d	d	X
alces-57	191	55	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	191	56	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	191	57	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	191	58	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	191	59	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	192	1	solid	solid	ADJ
alces-57	192	2	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	192	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	192	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	192	5	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	192	6	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	192	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	192	8	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	192	9	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	192	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	192	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	192	12	dashed	dash	VERB
alces-57	192	13	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	192	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	192	15	5th	5th	ADJ
alces-57	192	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	192	17	95th	95th	ADJ
alces-57	192	18	percentiles	percentile	NOUN
alces-57	192	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	192	20	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	192	21	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	192	22	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	193	1	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	193	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	193	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	193	4	as	as	ADP
alces-57	193	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	193	6	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	193	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	193	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	194	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	194	2	continued	continue	VERB
alces-57	194	3	on	on	ADP
alces-57	194	4	next	next	ADJ
alces-57	194	5	page	page	NOUN
alces-57	194	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	194	7	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	195	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	195	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	195	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	195	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	195	5	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	195	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	195	7	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	195	8	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	195	9	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	195	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	195	11	46	46	NUM
alces-57	195	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	195	13	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	195	14	24	24	NUM
alces-57	195	15	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	195	16	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	195	17	for	for	ADP
alces-57	195	18	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	195	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	195	20	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	195	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	195	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	195	23	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	195	24	were	be	AUX
alces-57	195	25	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	195	26	to	to	PART
alces-57	195	27	be	be	AUX
alces-57	195	28	less	less	ADV
alces-57	195	29	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	195	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	195	31	especially	especially	ADV
alces-57	195	32	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	195	33	the	the	DET
alces-57	195	34	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	195	35	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	195	36	on	on	ADP
alces-57	195	37	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	195	38	was	be	AUX
alces-57	195	39	high	high	ADJ
alces-57	195	40	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	196	1	for	for	ADP
alces-57	196	2	example	example	NOUN
alces-57	196	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	196	4	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	196	5	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	196	6	were	be	AUX
alces-57	196	7	subject	subject	ADJ
alces-57	196	8	to	to	ADP
alces-57	196	9	40	40	NUM
alces-57	196	10	-	-	SYM
alces-57	196	11	60	60	NUM
alces-57	196	12	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	196	13	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	196	14	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	196	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	196	16	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	196	17	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	196	18	should	should	AUX
alces-57	196	19	involve	involve	VERB
alces-57	196	20	only	only	ADV
alces-57	196	21	the	the	DET
alces-57	196	22	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	196	23	of	of	ADP
alces-57	196	24	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	196	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	196	26	leaving	leave	VERB
alces-57	196	27	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	196	28	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	196	29	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	196	30	untouched	untouched	ADJ
alces-57	196	31	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	196	32	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	196	33	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	196	34	6b	6b	NUM
alces-57	196	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	196	36	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	197	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	197	2	this	this	DET
alces-57	197	3	situation	situation	NOUN
alces-57	197	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	197	5	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	197	6	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	197	7	for	for	ADP
alces-57	197	8	goals	goal	NOUN
alces-57	197	9	b	b	PROPN
alces-57	197	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	197	11	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	197	12	became	become	VERB
alces-57	197	13	the	the	DET
alces-57	197	14	same	same	ADJ
alces-57	197	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	198	1	however	however	ADV
alces-57	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	198	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	198	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	198	5	absence	absence	NOUN
alces-57	198	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	198	7	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	198	8	on	on	ADP
alces-57	198	9	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	198	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	198	11	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	198	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	198	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	198	14	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	198	15	should	should	AUX
alces-57	198	16	include	include	VERB
alces-57	198	17	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	198	18	as	as	ADV
alces-57	198	19	well	well	ADV
alces-57	198	20	as	as	ADP
alces-57	198	21	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	198	22	for	for	ADP
alces-57	198	23	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	198	24	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	198	25	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	198	26	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	198	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	198	28	6a	6a	NOUN
alces-57	198	29	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	198	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	199	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
alces-57	199	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	199	3	both	both	CCONJ
alces-57	199	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	199	5	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	199	6	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	199	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	199	8	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	199	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	199	10	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	199	11	had	have	VERB
alces-57	199	12	a	a	DET
alces-57	199	13	negative	negative	ADJ
alces-57	199	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
alces-57	199	15	with	with	ADP
alces-57	199	16	the	the	DET
alces-57	199	17	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	199	18	of	of	ADP
alces-57	199	19	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	199	20	on	on	ADP
alces-57	199	21	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	199	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	199	23	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	199	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	199	25	7	7	NUM
alces-57	199	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	199	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	200	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	200	2	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	200	3	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	200	4	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	200	5	much	much	ADV
alces-57	200	6	faster	fast	ADV
alces-57	200	7	with	with	ADP
alces-57	200	8	increasing	increase	VERB
alces-57	200	9	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	200	10	on	on	ADP
alces-57	200	11	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	200	12	than	than	SCONJ
alces-57	200	13	did	do	VERB
alces-57	200	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	200	15	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	200	16	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	200	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	200	18	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	200	19	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	200	20	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	200	21	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	200	22	7a	7a	NUM
alces-57	200	23	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	200	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	201	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	201	2	difference	difference	NOUN
alces-57	201	3	between	between	ADP
alces-57	201	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	201	5	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	201	6	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	201	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	201	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	201	9	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	201	10	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	201	11	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	201	12	with	with	ADP
alces-57	201	13	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	201	14	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	201	15	regardless	regardless	ADV
alces-57	201	16	of	of	ADP
alces-57	201	17	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	201	18	on	on	ADP
alces-57	201	19	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	201	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	201	21	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	201	22	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	202	1	7a	7a	NUM
alces-57	202	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	202	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	203	1	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	203	2	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	203	3	on	on	ADP
alces-57	203	4	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	203	5	was	be	AUX
alces-57	203	6	present	present	ADJ
alces-57	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	203	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	203	9	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	203	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	203	11	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	203	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	203	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	203	14	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	203	15	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	203	16	became	become	VERB
alces-57	203	17	the	the	DET
alces-57	203	18	same	same	ADJ
alces-57	203	19	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	203	20	the	the	DET
alces-57	203	21	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	203	22	of	of	ADP
alces-57	203	23	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	203	24	on	on	ADP
alces-57	203	25	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	203	26	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	203	27	to	to	ADP
alces-57	203	28	40	40	NUM
alces-57	203	29	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	203	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	203	31	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	203	32	dropped	drop	VERB
alces-57	203	33	to	to	ADP
alces-57	203	34	a	a	DET
alces-57	203	35	very	very	ADV
alces-57	203	36	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	203	37	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	203	38	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	203	39	the	the	DET
alces-57	203	40	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	203	41	of	of	ADP
alces-57	203	42	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	203	43	on	on	ADP
alces-57	203	44	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	203	45	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	203	46	to	to	ADP
alces-57	203	47	60	60	NUM
alces-57	203	48	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	203	49	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	203	50	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	203	51	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	204	1	7a	7a	NUM
alces-57	204	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	204	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	205	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	205	2	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	205	3	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	205	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	205	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	205	6	declined	decline	VERB
alces-57	205	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	205	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	205	9	presence	presence	NOUN
alces-57	205	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	205	11	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	205	12	on	on	ADP
alces-57	205	13	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	205	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	205	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	205	16	the	the	DET
alces-57	205	17	amount	amount	NOUN
alces-57	205	18	of	of	ADP
alces-57	205	19	decline	decline	NOUN
alces-57	205	20	almost	almost	ADV
alces-57	205	21	remained	remain	VERB
alces-57	205	22	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ
alces-57	205	23	with	with	ADP
alces-57	205	24	increasing	increase	VERB
alces-57	205	25	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	205	26	on	on	ADP
alces-57	205	27	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	205	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	205	29	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
alces-57	205	30	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	205	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	206	1	3	3	NUM
alces-57	206	2	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	206	3	continued	continue	VERB
alces-57	206	4	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	206	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	207	1	moose	moose	PROPN
alces-57	207	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	207	3	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	207	4	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	207	5	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	207	6	circles	circle	NOUN
alces-57	207	7	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	8	for	for	ADP
alces-57	207	9	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	207	10	350	350	NUM
alces-57	207	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	207	12	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	207	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	207	14	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	207	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	207	16	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	207	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	207	18	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	207	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	20	from	from	ADP
alces-57	207	21	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	207	22	/	/	SYM
alces-57	207	23	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	207	24	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	207	25	based	base	VERB
alces-57	207	26	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	207	27	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	207	28	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	207	29	[	[	X
alces-57	207	30	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	207	31	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	207	32	s8)-(s10	s8)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	207	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	207	35	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	207	36	2	2	NUM
alces-57	207	37	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	207	38	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	207	39	a	a	X
alces-57	207	40	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	41	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	207	42	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	207	43	b	b	X
alces-57	207	44	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	45	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	207	46	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	207	47	c	c	NOUN
alces-57	207	48	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	49	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	207	50	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	207	51	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	207	52	d	d	X
alces-57	207	53	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	207	54	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	207	55	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	207	56	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	207	57	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	208	1	solid	solid	ADJ
alces-57	208	2	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	208	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	208	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	208	5	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	208	6	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	208	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	208	8	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	208	9	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	208	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	208	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	208	12	dashed	dash	VERB
alces-57	208	13	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	208	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	208	15	5th	5th	ADJ
alces-57	208	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	208	17	95th	95th	ADJ
alces-57	208	18	percentiles	percentile	NOUN
alces-57	208	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	208	20	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	208	21	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	208	22	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	209	1	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	209	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	209	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	209	4	as	as	ADP
alces-57	209	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	209	6	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	209	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	209	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	209	9	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	209	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	210	1	4	4	X
alces-57	210	2	.	.	NOUN
alces-57	210	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	210	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	210	5	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	210	6	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	210	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	210	8	circles	circle	NOUN
alces-57	210	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	210	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	210	11	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	210	12	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	210	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	210	14	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	210	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	211	1	[	[	X
alces-57	211	2	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	211	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	211	4	s8)-(s10	s8)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	211	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	211	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	211	7	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	211	8	2	2	NUM
alces-57	211	9	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	211	10	for	for	ADP
alces-57	211	11	a	a	PRON
alces-57	211	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	211	13	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	211	14	346	346	NUM
alces-57	211	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	211	16	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	211	17	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	211	18	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	211	19	358	358	NUM
alces-57	211	20	in	in	ADP
alces-57	211	21	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	211	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	211	23	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	211	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	212	1	solid	solid	ADJ
alces-57	212	2	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	212	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	212	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	212	5	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	212	6	values	value	NOUN
alces-57	212	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	212	8	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	212	9	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	212	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	212	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	212	12	dashed	dash	VERB
alces-57	212	13	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	212	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	212	15	5th	5th	ADJ
alces-57	212	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	212	17	95th	95th	ADJ
alces-57	212	18	percentiles	percentile	NOUN
alces-57	212	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	212	20	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	212	21	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	212	22	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	213	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	213	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	213	3	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	214	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	214	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	214	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	214	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	214	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	214	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	214	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	214	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	214	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	214	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	214	11	25	25	NUM
alces-57	214	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	214	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	214	14	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	214	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	214	16	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	214	17	declined	decline	VERB
alces-57	214	18	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	214	19	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	214	20	on	on	ADP
alces-57	214	21	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	214	22	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	214	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	214	24	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	214	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	215	1	7a	7a	NUM
alces-57	215	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	215	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	216	1	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	216	2	on	on	ADP
alces-57	216	3	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	216	4	also	also	ADV
alces-57	216	5	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	216	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	216	7	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	216	8	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	216	9	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	216	10	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	216	11	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	216	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	216	13	which	which	PRON
alces-57	216	14	was	be	AUX
alces-57	216	15	further	far	ADV
alces-57	216	16	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	216	17	by	by	ADP
alces-57	216	18	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	216	19	on	on	ADP
alces-57	216	20	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	216	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	216	22	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	216	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	217	1	7b	7b	NOUN
alces-57	217	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	217	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	218	1	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	218	2	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	218	3	on	on	ADP
alces-57	218	4	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	218	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	218	6	occurred	occur	VERB
alces-57	218	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	218	8	postharvest	postharv	ADJ
alces-57	218	9	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	218	10	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	218	11	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	218	12	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	218	13	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	218	14	on	on	ADP
alces-57	218	15	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	218	16	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	218	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	218	18	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
alces-57	218	19	in	in	ADP
alces-57	218	20	the	the	DET
alces-57	218	21	absence	absence	NOUN
alces-57	218	22	of	of	ADP
alces-57	218	23	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	218	24	on	on	ADP
alces-57	218	25	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	218	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	218	27	no	no	DET
alces-57	218	28	decreasing	decrease	VERB
alces-57	218	29	trend	trend	NOUN
alces-57	218	30	was	be	AUX
alces-57	218	31	observed	observe	VERB
alces-57	218	32	in	in	ADP
alces-57	218	33	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	218	34	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	218	35	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	218	36	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	218	37	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	218	38	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	218	39	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	218	40	on	on	ADP
alces-57	218	41	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	218	42	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	218	43	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	218	44	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	218	45	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	219	1	7b	7b	NOUN
alces-57	219	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	219	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	220	1	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	220	2	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	220	3	were	be	AUX
alces-57	220	4	subject	subject	ADJ
alces-57	220	5	to	to	ADP
alces-57	220	6	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	220	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	220	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	220	9	difference	difference	NOUN
alces-57	220	10	in	in	ADP
alces-57	220	11	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	220	12	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	220	13	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	220	14	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	220	15	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	220	16	between	between	ADP
alces-57	220	17	the	the	DET
alces-57	220	18	2	2	NUM
alces-57	220	19	goals	goal	NOUN
alces-57	220	20	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	220	21	to	to	ADP
alces-57	220	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	220	23	same	same	ADJ
alces-57	220	24	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	220	25	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	220	26	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	220	27	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	220	28	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	220	29	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	220	30	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	220	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	221	1	7b	7b	NOUN
alces-57	221	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	221	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	222	1	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	222	2	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	222	3	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	222	4	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	222	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	222	6	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	222	7	per	per	ADP
alces-57	222	8	female	female	NOUN
alces-57	222	9	generally	generally	ADV
alces-57	222	10	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	222	11	as	as	ADP
alces-57	222	12	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	222	13	on	on	ADP
alces-57	222	14	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	222	15	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	222	16	regardless	regardless	ADV
alces-57	222	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	222	18	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	222	19	on	on	ADP
alces-57	222	20	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	222	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	222	22	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	222	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	223	1	7c	7c	NUM
alces-57	223	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	223	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	224	1	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
alces-57	224	2	for	for	ADP
alces-57	224	3	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	224	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	224	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	224	6	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	224	7	decreased	decrease	VERB
alces-57	224	8	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	224	9	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	224	10	on	on	ADP
alces-57	224	11	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	224	12	was	be	AUX
alces-57	224	13	absent	absent	ADJ
alces-57	224	14	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	224	15	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	224	16	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	224	17	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	224	18	on	on	ADP
alces-57	224	19	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	224	20	was	be	AUX
alces-57	224	21	present	present	ADJ
alces-57	224	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	224	23	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	224	24	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	224	25	per	per	ADP
alces-57	224	26	female	female	NOUN
alces-57	224	27	generally	generally	ADV
alces-57	224	28	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	224	29	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	224	30	remained	remain	VERB
alces-57	224	31	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ
alces-57	224	32	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	224	33	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	224	34	on	on	ADP
alces-57	224	35	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	224	36	increased	increase	VERB
alces-57	224	37	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	224	38	depending	depend	VERB
alces-57	224	39	on	on	ADP
alces-57	224	40	whether	whether	SCONJ
alces-57	224	41	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	224	42	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	224	43	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	224	44	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	224	45	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	224	46	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	224	47	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	224	48	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	224	49	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	224	50	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	225	1	7c	7c	NUM
alces-57	225	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	225	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	226	1	discussion	discussion	NOUN
alces-57	226	2	we	we	PRON
alces-57	226	3	developed	develop	VERB
alces-57	226	4	a	a	DET
alces-57	226	5	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	226	6	/	/	SYM
alces-57	226	7	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	226	8	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	226	9	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	226	10	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	226	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	226	12	investigated	investigate	VERB
alces-57	226	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	226	14	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	226	15	strategies	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	226	16	for	for	ADP
alces-57	226	17	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	226	18	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	226	19	in	in	ADP
alces-57	226	20	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	226	21	with	with	ADP
alces-57	226	22	respect	respect	NOUN
alces-57	226	23	to	to	ADP
alces-57	226	24	2	2	NUM
alces-57	226	25	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	226	26	goals	goal	NOUN
alces-57	226	27	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	226	28	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	226	29	b	b	X
alces-57	226	30	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	226	31	the	the	DET
alces-57	226	32	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	226	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	226	34	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	226	35	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	226	36	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	226	37	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	226	38	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	226	39	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	226	40	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	226	41	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	226	42	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	227	1	substantial	substantial	ADJ
alces-57	227	2	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	227	3	were	be	AUX
alces-57	227	4	found	find	VERB
alces-57	227	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	227	6	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	227	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	227	8	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	227	9	/	/	SYM
alces-57	227	10	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	227	11	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	227	12	specific	specific	ADJ
alces-57	227	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	227	14	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	227	15	intensity	intensity	NOUN
alces-57	227	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	227	17	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	227	18	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	227	19	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	227	20	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	227	21	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	227	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	227	23	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	227	24	composition	composition	NOUN
alces-57	227	25	between	between	ADP
alces-57	227	26	the	the	DET
alces-57	227	27	2	2	NUM
alces-57	227	28	goals	goal	NOUN
alces-57	227	29	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	228	1	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	228	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	228	3	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	228	4	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	228	5	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	228	6	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	228	7	as	as	ADV
alces-57	228	8	well	well	ADV
alces-57	228	9	as	as	ADP
alces-57	228	10	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	228	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	228	12	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	228	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	228	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	228	15	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	228	16	also	also	ADV
alces-57	228	17	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	228	18	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	228	19	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	228	20	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	228	21	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	228	22	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	228	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	229	1	these	these	DET
alces-57	229	2	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	229	3	have	have	VERB
alces-57	229	4	important	important	ADJ
alces-57	229	5	implications	implication	NOUN
alces-57	229	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	229	7	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	229	8	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	229	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	229	10	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	229	11	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	229	12	mean	mean	NOUN
alces-57	229	13	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	229	14	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	229	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	229	16	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	229	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	229	18	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	229	19	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	229	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	229	21	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	229	22	mean	mean	NOUN
alces-57	229	23	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	229	24	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	229	25	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	229	26	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	229	27	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	229	28	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	229	29	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	229	30	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	229	31	346	346	NUM
alces-57	229	32	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	229	33	350	350	NUM
alces-57	229	34	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	229	35	358	358	NUM
alces-57	229	36	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	229	37	346	346	NUM
alces-57	229	38	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	229	39	350	350	NUM
alces-57	229	40	wmu	wmu	NOUN
alces-57	229	41	358	358	NUM
alces-57	229	42	i.	i.	NOUN
alces-57	229	43	no	no	DET
alces-57	229	44	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	229	45	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	229	46	pc	pc	NOUN
alces-57	229	47	0	0	NUM
alces-57	229	48	0	0	NUM
alces-57	229	49	0	0	NUM
alces-57	229	50	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	229	51	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	229	52	0.40	0.40	NUM
alces-57	229	53	pm	pm	NOUN
alces-57	229	54	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	229	55	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	229	56	0.30	0.30	NUM
alces-57	229	57	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	229	58	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	229	59	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	229	60	ym	ym	NOUN
alces-57	230	1	+	+	CCONJ
alces-57	230	2	sd	sd	ADP
alces-57	230	3	210	210	NUM
alces-57	230	4	±	±	NUM
alces-57	230	5	20	20	NUM
alces-57	230	6	190	190	NUM
alces-57	230	7	±28	±28	NUM
alces-57	230	8	189	189	NUM
alces-57	230	9	±	±	NUM
alces-57	230	10	22	22	NUM
alces-57	230	11	---y	---y	NOUN
alces-57	230	12	+	+	CCONJ
alces-57	230	13	sd	sd	X
alces-57	230	14	---449	---449	PROPN
alces-57	230	15	±	±	NUM
alces-57	230	16	56	56	NUM
alces-57	230	17	435	435	NUM
alces-57	230	18	±	±	NUM
alces-57	230	19	17	17	NUM
alces-57	230	20	310	310	NUM
alces-57	230	21	±	±	NUM
alces-57	231	1	43	43	NUM
alces-57	231	2	x	x	SYM
alces-57	232	1	+	+	NUM
alces-57	232	2	sd	sd	ADP
alces-57	232	3	3446	3446	NUM
alces-57	232	4	±	±	NUM
alces-57	232	5	730	730	NUM
alces-57	232	6	3814	3814	NUM
alces-57	232	7	±	±	NUM
alces-57	232	8	506	506	NUM
alces-57	232	9	3261	3261	NUM
alces-57	232	10	±	±	NOUN
alces-57	232	11	649	649	NUM
alces-57	232	12	2784	2784	NUM
alces-57	232	13	±	±	NUM
alces-57	232	14	651	651	NUM
alces-57	232	15	3104	3104	NUM
alces-57	232	16	±	±	NUM
alces-57	232	17	464	464	NUM
alces-57	232	18	2507	2507	NUM
alces-57	232	19	±	±	NUM
alces-57	232	20	759	759	NUM
alces-57	232	21	xc	xc	NOUN
alces-57	232	22	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	232	23	xf	xf	PROPN
alces-57	232	24	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	232	25	xm	xm	PROPN
alces-57	232	26	69:100:34	69:100:34	PROPN
alces-57	233	1	40:100:24	40:100:24	NUM
alces-57	233	2	33:100:32	33:100:32	NOUN
alces-57	233	3	55:100:22	55:100:22	NUM
alces-57	233	4	31:100:16	31:100:16	NOUN
alces-57	233	5	27:100:17	27:100:17	NUM
alces-57	233	6	ii	ii	NOUN
alces-57	233	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	234	1	with	with	ADP
alces-57	234	2	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	234	3	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	234	4	pc	pc	NOUN
alces-57	234	5	0	0	NUM
alces-57	234	6	0	0	NUM
alces-57	234	7	0	0	NUM
alces-57	234	8	0.4	0.4	NUM
alces-57	234	9	0.4	0.4	NUM
alces-57	234	10	0.4	0.4	NUM
alces-57	234	11	pf	pf	PROPN
alces-57	234	12	0.004	0.004	NUM
alces-57	234	13	0.100	0.100	NUM
alces-57	234	14	0.004	0.004	NUM
alces-57	234	15	0.001	0.001	NUM
alces-57	234	16	0.050	0.050	NUM
alces-57	234	17	0.001	0.001	NUM
alces-57	234	18	pm	pm	NOUN
alces-57	234	19	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	234	20	0.30	0.30	NUM
alces-57	234	21	0.35	0.35	NUM
alces-57	234	22	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	234	23	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	234	24	0.45	0.45	NUM
alces-57	234	25	ym	ym	NOUN
alces-57	235	1	+	+	CCONJ
alces-57	235	2	sd	sd	ADP
alces-57	235	3	209	209	NUM
alces-57	235	4	±	±	NUM
alces-57	235	5	19	19	NUM
alces-57	235	6	224	224	NUM
alces-57	235	7	±	±	NUM
alces-57	235	8	38	38	NUM
alces-57	235	9	189	189	NUM
alces-57	235	10	±	±	NUM
alces-57	235	11	26	26	NUM
alces-57	235	12	---y	---y	NOUN
alces-57	235	13	+	+	SYM
alces-57	235	14	sd	sd	X
alces-57	235	15	---456	---456	NOUN
alces-57	235	16	±	±	NUM
alces-57	235	17	65	65	NUM
alces-57	235	18	469	469	NUM
alces-57	235	19	±	±	NUM
alces-57	235	20	49	49	NUM
alces-57	235	21	307	307	NUM
alces-57	235	22	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	1	44	44	NUM
alces-57	236	2	x	x	SYM
alces-57	236	3	+	+	ADP
alces-57	236	4	sd	sd	PROPN
alces-57	236	5	3450	3450	NUM
alces-57	236	6	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	7	722	722	NUM
alces-57	236	8	2737	2737	NUM
alces-57	236	9	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	10	420	420	NUM
alces-57	236	11	3275	3275	NUM
alces-57	236	12	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	13	673	673	NUM
alces-57	236	14	2671	2671	NUM
alces-57	236	15	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	16	693	693	NUM
alces-57	236	17	2385	2385	NUM
alces-57	236	18	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	19	425	425	NUM
alces-57	236	20	2512	2512	NUM
alces-57	236	21	±	±	NUM
alces-57	236	22	716	716	NUM
alces-57	236	23	xc	xc	NOUN
alces-57	236	24	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	236	25	xf	xf	PROPN
alces-57	236	26	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	237	1	xm	xm	PROPN
alces-57	237	2	69:100:34	69:100:34	PROPN
alces-57	237	3	65:100:64	65:100:64	PROPN
alces-57	237	4	33:100:26	33:100:26	NUM
alces-57	237	5	51:100:21	51:100:21	ADJ
alces-57	237	6	43:100:25	43:100:25	NUM
alces-57	237	7	28:100:20	28:100:20	NUM
alces-57	237	8	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	237	9	4	4	NUM
alces-57	237	10	.	.	X
alces-57	237	11	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	237	12	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	237	13	under	under	ADP
alces-57	237	14	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	237	15	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	237	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	237	17	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	237	18	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	237	19	predicted	predict	VERB
alces-57	237	20	by	by	ADP
alces-57	237	21	the	the	DET
alces-57	237	22	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	237	23	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	237	24	[	[	X
alces-57	237	25	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	237	26	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	237	27	s8)-(s10	s8)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	237	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	237	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	237	30	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	237	31	2	2	NUM
alces-57	237	32	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	237	33	for	for	ADP
alces-57	237	34	the	the	DET
alces-57	237	35	3	3	NUM
alces-57	237	36	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	237	37	in	in	ADP
alces-57	237	38	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	237	39	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	237	40	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	237	41	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	238	1	ym	ym	PROPN
alces-57	238	2	is	be	AUX
alces-57	238	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	238	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	238	5	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	238	6	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	238	7	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	238	8	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	238	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	238	10	y	y	PROPN
alces-57	238	11	is	be	AUX
alces-57	238	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	238	13	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	238	14	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	238	15	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	238	16	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	238	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	238	18	x	x	X
alces-57	238	19	is	be	AUX
alces-57	238	20	the	the	DET
alces-57	238	21	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	238	22	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	238	23	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	238	24	mean	mean	NOUN
alces-57	238	25	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	238	26	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	238	27	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	238	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	238	29	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	238	30	xc	xc	X
alces-57	238	31	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	238	32	xm	xm	PROPN
alces-57	238	33	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	238	34	xf	xf	PROPN
alces-57	238	35	represents	represent	VERB
alces-57	238	36	the	the	DET
alces-57	238	37	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	238	38	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	238	39	of	of	ADP
alces-57	238	40	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	238	41	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	238	42	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	238	43	per	per	ADP
alces-57	238	44	100	100	NUM
alces-57	238	45	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	238	46	after	after	ADP
alces-57	238	47	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	238	48	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	239	1	simulations	simulation	NOUN
alces-57	239	2	were	be	AUX
alces-57	239	3	run	run	VERB
alces-57	239	4	for	for	ADP
alces-57	239	5	5,000	5,000	NUM
alces-57	239	6	years	year	NOUN
alces-57	239	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	240	1	variables	variable	NOUN
alces-57	240	2	pc	pc	NOUN
alces-57	240	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	240	4	pf	pf	NOUN
alces-57	240	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	240	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	240	7	pm	pm	NOUN
alces-57	240	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	240	9	other	other	ADJ
alces-57	240	10	details	detail	NOUN
alces-57	240	11	are	be	AUX
alces-57	240	12	as	as	ADP
alces-57	240	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	240	14	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	240	15	3	3	NUM
alces-57	240	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	240	17	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	240	18	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	240	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	240	20	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	240	21	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	240	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	240	23	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	240	24	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	240	25	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	240	26	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	241	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	241	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	241	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	241	4	26	26	NUM
alces-57	241	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	241	6	boreal	boreal	ADJ
alces-57	241	7	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	241	8	in	in	ADP
alces-57	241	9	general	general	ADJ
alces-57	241	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	242	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	242	2	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	242	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
alces-57	242	4	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	242	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	242	6	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	242	7	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	242	8	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	242	9	differed	differ	VERB
alces-57	242	10	strongly	strongly	ADV
alces-57	242	11	among	among	ADP
alces-57	242	12	different	different	ADJ
alces-57	242	13	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	242	14	/	/	SYM
alces-57	242	15	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	242	16	classes	class	NOUN
alces-57	242	17	with	with	ADP
alces-57	242	18	respect	respect	NOUN
alces-57	242	19	to	to	ADP
alces-57	242	20	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	242	21	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	242	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	242	23	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	242	24	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	242	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	243	1	maximum	maximum	ADJ
alces-57	243	2	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
alces-57	243	3	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	243	4	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	243	5	involved	involve	VERB
alces-57	243	6	intense	intense	ADJ
alces-57	243	7	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	243	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	243	9	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	243	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	243	11	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	243	12	but	but	CCONJ
alces-57	243	13	a	a	DET
alces-57	243	14	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	243	15	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	243	16	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	243	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	243	18	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	243	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	243	20	which	which	PRON
alces-57	243	21	was	be	AUX
alces-57	243	22	in	in	ADP
alces-57	243	23	agreement	agreement	NOUN
alces-57	243	24	with	with	ADP
alces-57	243	25	sæther	sæther	PROPN
alces-57	243	26	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	243	27	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	243	28	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	244	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	244	2	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	244	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	244	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	245	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	245	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
alces-57	245	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	245	4	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	245	5	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	245	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	245	7	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	245	8	was	be	AUX
alces-57	245	9	found	find	VERB
alces-57	245	10	to	to	PART
alces-57	245	11	involve	involve	VERB
alces-57	245	12	no	no	DET
alces-57	245	13	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	245	14	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	245	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	245	16	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	245	17	cow	cow	NOUN
alces-57	245	18	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	245	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	245	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	245	21	high	high	ADJ
alces-57	245	22	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	245	23	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	245	24	of	of	ADP
alces-57	245	25	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	245	26	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	246	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	246	2	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	246	3	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	246	4	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	246	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	246	6	however	however	ADV
alces-57	246	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	246	8	should	should	AUX
alces-57	246	9	be	be	AUX
alces-57	246	10	lower	low	ADJ
alces-57	246	11	than	than	ADP
alces-57	246	12	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	246	13	optimizing	optimize	VERB
alces-57	246	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	246	15	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	246	16	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	246	17	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	246	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	247	1	this	this	PRON
alces-57	247	2	is	be	AUX
alces-57	247	3	mainly	mainly	ADV
alces-57	247	4	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	247	5	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	247	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	247	7	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	247	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	247	9	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	247	10	contributes	contribute	VERB
alces-57	247	11	to	to	ADP
alces-57	247	12	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	247	13	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	247	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	247	15	their	their	PRON
alces-57	247	16	removal	removal	NOUN
alces-57	247	17	stimulates	stimulate	VERB
alces-57	247	18	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	247	19	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	247	20	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	247	21	responses	response	NOUN
alces-57	247	22	in	in	ADP
alces-57	247	23	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	247	24	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	247	25	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	247	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	247	27	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	247	28	therefore	therefore	ADV
alces-57	247	29	in	in	ADP
alces-57	247	30	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	247	31	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	247	32	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	247	33	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	247	34	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	247	35	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	247	36	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	247	37	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	247	38	daley	daley	PROPN
alces-57	247	39	1980	1980	NUM
alces-57	247	40	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	247	41	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	247	42	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	247	43	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	247	44	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	247	45	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	247	46	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	247	47	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	248	1	our	our	PRON
alces-57	248	2	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	248	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
alces-57	248	4	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	248	5	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	248	6	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	248	7	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	248	8	were	be	AUX
alces-57	248	9	influenced	influence	VERB
alces-57	248	10	substantially	substantially	ADV
alces-57	248	11	by	by	ADP
alces-57	248	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	248	13	existence	existence	NOUN
alces-57	248	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	248	15	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	248	16	on	on	ADP
alces-57	248	17	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	248	18	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	248	19	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	248	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	248	21	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	248	22	suggested	suggest	VERB
alces-57	248	23	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	248	24	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
alces-57	248	25	might	might	AUX
alces-57	248	26	occur	occur	VERB
alces-57	248	27	between	between	ADP
alces-57	248	28	human	human	ADJ
alces-57	248	29	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
alces-57	248	30	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	248	31	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	248	32	by	by	ADP
alces-57	248	33	wolves	wolf	NOUN
alces-57	248	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	248	35	bears	bear	NOUN
alces-57	248	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	248	37	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	248	38	cougars	cougar	NOUN
alces-57	248	39	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	248	40	has	have	AUX
alces-57	248	41	been	be	AUX
alces-57	248	42	stated	state	VERB
alces-57	248	43	previously	previously	ADV
alces-57	248	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	248	45	national	national	PROPN
alces-57	248	46	research	research	PROPN
alces-57	248	47	council	council	PROPN
alces-57	248	48	1997	1997	NUM
alces-57	248	49	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	248	50	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	249	1	this	this	PRON
alces-57	249	2	presents	present	VERB
alces-57	249	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
alces-57	249	4	for	for	ADP
alces-57	249	5	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	249	6	managers	manager	NOUN
alces-57	249	7	who	who	PRON
alces-57	249	8	must	must	AUX
alces-57	249	9	manage	manage	VERB
alces-57	249	10	for	for	ADP
alces-57	249	11	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	249	12	conservation	conservation	NOUN
alces-57	249	13	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	249	14	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	249	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	250	1	5	5	X
alces-57	250	2	.	.	X
alces-57	250	3	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	250	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	250	5	a	a	DET
alces-57	250	6	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	250	7	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	250	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	250	9	b	b	X
alces-57	250	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	250	11	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	250	12	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	250	13	at	at	ADP
alces-57	250	14	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
alces-57	250	15	as	as	ADP
alces-57	250	16	a	a	DET
alces-57	250	17	function	function	NOUN
alces-57	250	18	of	of	ADP
alces-57	250	19	the	the	DET
alces-57	250	20	proportion	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	250	21	of	of	ADP
alces-57	250	22	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	250	23	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	250	24	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	250	25	to	to	PART
alces-57	250	26	be	be	AUX
alces-57	250	27	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	250	28	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	251	1	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	251	2	plotted	plot	VERB
alces-57	251	3	for	for	ADP
alces-57	251	4	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	251	5	350	350	NUM
alces-57	251	6	uses	use	VERB
alces-57	251	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	251	8	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	251	9	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	252	1	[	[	X
alces-57	252	2	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	252	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	252	4	s5)-(s7	s5)-(s7	PROPN
alces-57	252	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	252	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	252	7	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	252	8	2	2	NUM
alces-57	252	9	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	252	10	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	252	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
alces-57	252	12	were	be	AUX
alces-57	252	13	consistent	consistent	ADJ
alces-57	252	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	252	15	all	all	DET
alces-57	252	16	3	3	NUM
alces-57	252	17	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	252	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	253	1	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	253	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	254	1	6	6	NUM
alces-57	254	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	255	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	255	2	effect	effect	NOUN
alces-57	255	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	255	4	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	255	5	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	255	6	on	on	ADP
alces-57	255	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	255	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	255	9	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	255	10	proportions	proportion	NOUN
alces-57	255	11	for	for	ADP
alces-57	255	12	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	255	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	255	14	circles	circle	NOUN
alces-57	255	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	255	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	255	17	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	255	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	255	19	triangles	triangle	NOUN
alces-57	255	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	255	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	255	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	255	23	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	255	24	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	255	25	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	255	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	255	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	256	1	solid	solid	ADJ
alces-57	256	2	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	256	3	correspond	correspond	VERB
alces-57	256	4	to	to	ADP
alces-57	256	5	optimization	optimization	NOUN
alces-57	256	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	256	7	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	256	8	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	256	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	256	10	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	256	11	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	256	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	256	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	256	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	256	15	dashed	dash	VERB
alces-57	256	16	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	256	17	correspond	correspond	VERB
alces-57	256	18	to	to	ADP
alces-57	256	19	optimization	optimization	NOUN
alces-57	256	20	of	of	ADP
alces-57	256	21	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	256	22	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	256	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	256	24	goal	goal	NOUN
alces-57	256	25	ty	ty	NUM
alces-57	256	26	):	):	PUNCT
alces-57	256	27	a	a	X
alces-57	256	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	256	29	no	no	DET
alces-57	256	30	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	256	31	on	on	ADP
alces-57	256	32	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	256	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	256	34	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	256	35	b	b	X
alces-57	256	36	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	256	37	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	256	38	subject	subject	ADJ
alces-57	256	39	to	to	ADP
alces-57	256	40	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	256	41	at	at	ADP
alces-57	256	42	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	256	43	of	of	ADP
alces-57	256	44	10	10	NUM
alces-57	256	45	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	256	46	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	257	1	plots	plot	NOUN
alces-57	257	2	for	for	ADP
alces-57	257	3	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	257	4	350	350	NUM
alces-57	257	5	use	use	VERB
alces-57	257	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	257	7	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	257	8	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	258	1	[	[	X
alces-57	258	2	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	258	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	258	4	s5)-(s7	s5)-(s7	PROPN
alces-57	258	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	258	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	258	7	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	258	8	2	2	NUM
alces-57	258	9	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	258	10	;	;	PUNCT
alces-57	258	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
alces-57	258	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	258	13	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	258	14	effect	effect	NOUN
alces-57	258	15	were	be	AUX
alces-57	258	16	consistent	consistent	ADJ
alces-57	258	17	for	for	ADP
alces-57	258	18	all	all	DET
alces-57	258	19	3	3	NUM
alces-57	258	20	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	258	21	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	259	1	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	259	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	259	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	259	4	as	as	ADP
alces-57	259	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	259	6	table	table	NOUN
alces-57	259	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	259	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	260	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	260	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	260	3	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	261	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	261	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	261	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	261	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	261	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	261	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	261	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	261	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	261	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	261	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	261	11	27	27	NUM
alces-57	261	12	hunter	hunter	NOUN
alces-57	261	13	harvests	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	261	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	261	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	261	16	presence	presence	NOUN
alces-57	261	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	261	18	abundant	abundant	ADJ
alces-57	261	19	predators	predator	NOUN
alces-57	261	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	261	21	hayes	hayes	PROPN
alces-57	261	22	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	261	23	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	261	24	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	261	25	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	261	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	261	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	262	1	nilsen	nilsen	PROPN
alces-57	262	2	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	262	3	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	262	4	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	263	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	263	2	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	263	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	263	4	suggested	suggest	VERB
alces-57	263	5	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	263	6	with	with	SCONJ
alces-57	263	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	263	8	recolonization	recolonization	NOUN
alces-57	263	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	263	10	wolf	wolf	PROPN
alces-57	263	11	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	263	12	in	in	ADP
alces-57	263	13	scandinavia	scandinavia	PROPN
alces-57	263	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	263	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	263	16	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	263	17	of	of	ADP
alces-57	263	18	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	263	19	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	263	20	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	263	21	should	should	AUX
alces-57	263	22	be	be	AUX
alces-57	263	23	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	263	24	to	to	PART
alces-57	263	25	avoid	avoid	VERB
alces-57	263	26	reduction	reduction	NOUN
alces-57	263	27	in	in	ADP
alces-57	263	28	prey	prey	PROPN
alces-57	263	29	abundance	abundance	PROPN
alces-57	263	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	264	1	besides	besides	SCONJ
alces-57	264	2	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	264	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	264	4	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	264	5	was	be	AUX
alces-57	264	6	found	find	VERB
alces-57	264	7	to	to	PART
alces-57	264	8	negatively	negatively	ADV
alces-57	264	9	influence	influence	VERB
alces-57	264	10	the	the	DET
alces-57	264	11	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	264	12	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	264	13	as	as	ADV
alces-57	264	14	well	well	ADV
alces-57	264	15	as	as	ADP
alces-57	264	16	the	the	DET
alces-57	264	17	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	264	18	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	264	19	of	of	ADP
alces-57	264	20	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	264	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	264	22	a	a	DET
alces-57	264	23	result	result	NOUN
alces-57	264	24	consistent	consistent	ADJ
alces-57	264	25	with	with	ADP
alces-57	264	26	the	the	DET
alces-57	264	27	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
alces-57	264	28	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	264	29	by	by	ADP
alces-57	264	30	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	264	31	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	264	32	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	264	33	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	265	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	265	2	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	265	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	265	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	266	1	these	these	DET
alces-57	266	2	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	266	3	have	have	VERB
alces-57	266	4	important	important	ADJ
alces-57	266	5	implications	implication	NOUN
alces-57	266	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	266	7	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	266	8	policy	policy	NOUN
alces-57	266	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	266	10	boreal	boreal	ADJ
alces-57	266	11	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	266	12	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	266	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	267	1	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	267	2	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	267	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	267	4	stochasticity	stochasticity	NOUN
alces-57	267	5	increase	increase	VERB
alces-57	267	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	267	7	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
alces-57	267	8	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	267	9	a	a	DET
alces-57	267	10	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	267	11	policy	policy	NOUN
alces-57	267	12	might	might	AUX
alces-57	267	13	unintentionally	unintentionally	ADV
alces-57	267	14	drive	drive	VERB
alces-57	267	15	an	an	DET
alces-57	267	16	animal	animal	NOUN
alces-57	267	17	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	267	18	to	to	ADP
alces-57	267	19	undesirably	undesirably	ADV
alces-57	267	20	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	267	21	levels	level	NOUN
alces-57	267	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	267	23	lande	lande	NOUN
alces-57	267	24	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	267	25	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	267	26	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	267	27	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	267	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	267	29	kokko	kokko	NOUN
alces-57	267	30	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	267	31	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	267	32	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	267	33	1997	1997	NUM
alces-57	267	34	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	267	35	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	267	36	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	267	37	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	267	38	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	267	39	care	care	NOUN
alces-57	267	40	should	should	AUX
alces-57	267	41	be	be	AUX
alces-57	267	42	taken	take	VERB
alces-57	267	43	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	267	44	setting	set	VERB
alces-57	267	45	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	267	46	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	267	47	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	268	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	268	2	recommend	recommend	VERB
alces-57	268	3	using	use	VERB
alces-57	268	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	268	5	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	268	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	268	7	to	to	PART
alces-57	268	8	set	set	VERB
alces-57	268	9	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	268	10	levels	level	NOUN
alces-57	268	11	based	base	VERB
alces-57	268	12	on	on	ADP
alces-57	268	13	the	the	DET
alces-57	268	14	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	268	15	results	result	NOUN
alces-57	268	16	from	from	ADP
alces-57	268	17	numerical	numerical	ADJ
alces-57	268	18	simulations	simulation	NOUN
alces-57	268	19	over	over	ADP
alces-57	268	20	a	a	DET
alces-57	268	21	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	268	22	number	number	NOUN
alces-57	268	23	of	of	ADP
alces-57	268	24	years	year	NOUN
alces-57	268	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	269	1	this	this	DET
alces-57	269	2	caveat	caveat	NOUN
alces-57	269	3	is	be	AUX
alces-57	269	4	especially	especially	ADV
alces-57	269	5	important	important	ADJ
alces-57	269	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	269	7	context	context	NOUN
alces-57	269	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	269	9	increasing	increase	VERB
alces-57	269	10	variability	variability	NOUN
alces-57	269	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	269	12	vital	vital	ADJ
alces-57	269	13	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	269	14	associated	associate	VERB
alces-57	269	15	with	with	ADP
alces-57	269	16	climate	climate	NOUN
alces-57	269	17	change	change	NOUN
alces-57	269	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	269	19	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	269	20	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	269	21	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	269	22	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	269	23	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	269	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	269	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	270	1	our	our	PRON
alces-57	270	2	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	270	3	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	270	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	270	5	was	be	AUX
alces-57	270	6	based	base	VERB
alces-57	270	7	on	on	ADP
alces-57	270	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	270	9	assumption	assumption	NOUN
alces-57	270	10	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	270	11	a	a	DET
alces-57	270	12	shortage	shortage	NOUN
alces-57	270	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	270	14	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	270	15	did	do	AUX
alces-57	270	16	not	not	PART
alces-57	270	17	influence	influence	VERB
alces-57	270	18	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	270	19	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	270	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	271	1	this	this	PRON
alces-57	271	2	appears	appear	VERB
alces-57	271	3	to	to	PART
alces-57	271	4	be	be	AUX
alces-57	271	5	true	true	ADJ
alces-57	271	6	unless	unless	SCONJ
alces-57	271	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	271	8	ratio	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	271	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	271	10	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	271	11	to	to	ADP
alces-57	271	12	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	271	13	becomes	become	VERB
alces-57	271	14	excessively	excessively	ADV
alces-57	271	15	skewed	skewed	ADJ
alces-57	271	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	272	1	most	most	ADJ
alces-57	272	2	north	north	ADJ
alces-57	272	3	american	american	PROPN
alces-57	272	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	272	5	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	272	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	272	7	selectively	selectively	ADV
alces-57	272	8	harvest	harvest	VERB
alces-57	272	9	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	272	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	272	11	stewart	stewart	PROPN
alces-57	272	12	1985	1985	NUM
alces-57	272	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	272	14	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
alces-57	272	15	1992	1992	NUM
alces-57	272	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	272	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	272	18	resulting	result	VERB
alces-57	272	19	in	in	ADP
alces-57	272	20	a	a	DET
alces-57	272	21	skewed	skewed	ADJ
alces-57	272	22	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	272	23	ratio	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	272	24	toward	toward	ADP
alces-57	272	25	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	272	26	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	272	27	markgren	markgren	NOUN
alces-57	272	28	1969	1969	NUM
alces-57	272	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	272	30	bubenik	bubenik	X
alces-57	272	31	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	272	32	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	272	33	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	273	1	in	in	ADP
alces-57	273	2	this	this	DET
alces-57	273	3	case	case	NOUN
alces-57	273	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	273	5	extreme	extreme	ADJ
alces-57	273	6	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	273	7	ratios	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	273	8	>	>	X
alces-57	273	9	10	10	NUM
alces-57	273	10	cows	cow	NOUN
alces-57	273	11	/	/	SYM
alces-57	273	12	bull	bull	NOUN
alces-57	273	13	may	may	AUX
alces-57	273	14	influence	influence	VERB
alces-57	273	15	mating	mating	NOUN
alces-57	273	16	success	success	NOUN
alces-57	273	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	273	18	thomson	thomson	NOUN
alces-57	273	19	1991	1991	NUM
alces-57	273	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	273	21	stephenson	stephenson	PROPN
alces-57	273	22	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	273	23	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	273	24	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	273	25	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	273	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	273	27	laurian	laurian	PROPN
alces-57	273	28	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	273	29	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	273	30	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	273	31	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	273	32	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	273	33	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	274	1	solberg	solberg	PROPN
alces-57	274	2	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	274	3	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	274	4	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	275	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	275	2	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	275	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	275	4	found	find	VERB
alces-57	275	5	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	275	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	275	7	pregnancy	pregnancy	NOUN
alces-57	275	8	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	275	9	among	among	ADP
alces-57	275	10	young	young	ADJ
alces-57	275	11	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	275	12	were	be	AUX
alces-57	275	13	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	275	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	275	15	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	275	16	with	with	ADP
alces-57	275	17	a	a	DET
alces-57	275	18	severely	severely	ADV
alces-57	275	19	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	275	20	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	275	21	biased	biased	ADJ
alces-57	275	22	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	275	23	ratio	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	275	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	275	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	275	26	saether	saether	VERB
alces-57	275	27	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	275	28	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	275	29	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	276	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	276	2	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	276	3	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	276	4	found	find	VERB
alces-57	276	5	delayed	delay	VERB
alces-57	276	6	parturition	parturition	NOUN
alces-57	276	7	dates	date	NOUN
alces-57	276	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	276	9	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
alces-57	276	10	reduced	reduce	VERB
alces-57	276	11	body	body	NOUN
alces-57	276	12	mass	mass	NOUN
alces-57	276	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	276	14	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	276	15	during	during	ADP
alces-57	276	16	the	the	DET
alces-57	276	17	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
alces-57	276	18	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	276	19	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	277	1	several	several	ADJ
alces-57	277	2	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	277	3	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	277	4	were	be	AUX
alces-57	277	5	obtained	obtain	VERB
alces-57	277	6	by	by	ADP
alces-57	277	7	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	277	8	fitting	fitting	ADJ
alces-57	277	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	278	1	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	278	2	our	our	PRON
alces-57	278	3	data	data	NOUN
alces-57	278	4	sets	set	NOUN
alces-57	278	5	spanned	span	VERB
alces-57	278	6	only	only	ADV
alces-57	278	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	278	8	few	few	ADJ
alces-57	278	9	years	year	NOUN
alces-57	278	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	278	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	278	12	precision	precision	NOUN
alces-57	278	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	278	14	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	278	15	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	278	16	was	be	AUX
alces-57	278	17	generally	generally	ADV
alces-57	278	18	low	low	ADJ
alces-57	278	19	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	279	1	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
alces-57	279	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	279	3	our	our	PRON
alces-57	279	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	279	5	worked	work	VERB
alces-57	279	6	well	well	ADV
alces-57	279	7	for	for	ADP
alces-57	279	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	279	9	3	3	NUM
alces-57	279	10	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	279	11	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	279	12	we	we	PRON
alces-57	279	13	studied	study	VERB
alces-57	279	14	with	with	ADP
alces-57	279	15	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	279	16	survey	survey	NOUN
alces-57	279	17	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	279	18	lying	lie	VERB
alces-57	279	19	befig	befig	PROPN
alces-57	279	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	280	1	7	7	X
alces-57	280	2	.	.	X
alces-57	281	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	281	2	effect	effect	NOUN
alces-57	281	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	281	4	calf	calf	NOUN
alces-57	281	5	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	281	6	on	on	ADP
alces-57	281	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	281	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	281	9	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	281	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	281	11	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	281	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	281	13	a	a	DET
alces-57	281	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	281	15	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	281	16	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	281	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	281	18	b	b	NOUN
alces-57	281	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	281	20	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	281	21	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	281	22	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	281	23	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	281	24	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	281	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	281	26	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	281	27	c	c	X
alces-57	281	28	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	281	29	post	post	ADJ
alces-57	281	30	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	281	31	harvest	harvest	ADJ
alces-57	281	32	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	281	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	281	34	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	281	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	281	36	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	281	37	per	per	ADP
alces-57	281	38	female	female	NOUN
alces-57	281	39	for	for	ADP
alces-57	281	40	the	the	DET
alces-57	281	41	case	case	NOUN
alces-57	281	42	of	of	ADP
alces-57	281	43	no	no	DET
alces-57	281	44	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	281	45	on	on	ADP
alces-57	281	46	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	281	47	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	281	48	circles	circle	NOUN
alces-57	281	49	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	281	50	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	281	51	10	10	NUM
alces-57	281	52	%	%	NOUN
alces-57	281	53	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	281	54	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	281	55	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	281	56	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	281	57	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	281	58	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	281	59	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	282	1	solid	solid	ADJ
alces-57	282	2	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	282	3	correspond	correspond	VERB
alces-57	282	4	to	to	PART
alces-57	282	5	yield	yield	VERB
alces-57	282	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	282	7	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	282	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	282	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	282	10	dashed	dash	VERB
alces-57	282	11	lines	line	NOUN
alces-57	282	12	correspond	correspond	VERB
alces-57	282	13	to	to	ADP
alces-57	282	14	total	total	ADJ
alces-57	282	15	yield	yield	NOUN
alces-57	282	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	283	1	filled	fill	VERB
alces-57	283	2	circles	circle	NOUN
alces-57	283	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	283	4	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	283	5	represent	represent	VERB
alces-57	283	6	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	283	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	283	8	unfilled	unfilled	ADJ
alces-57	283	9	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	283	10	in	in	ADP
alces-57	283	11	c	c	NOUN
alces-57	283	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	283	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	284	1	other	other	ADJ
alces-57	284	2	details	detail	NOUN
alces-57	284	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	284	4	as	as	ADP
alces-57	284	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	284	6	fig	fig	NOUN
alces-57	284	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	285	1	6	6	NUM
alces-57	285	2	.	.	X
alces-57	285	3	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	285	4	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	285	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	285	6	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	285	7	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	285	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	285	9	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	285	10	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	285	11	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	285	12	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	286	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	286	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	286	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	286	4	28	28	NUM
alces-57	286	5	tween	tween	NOUN
alces-57	286	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	286	7	5th	5th	ADJ
alces-57	286	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	286	9	95th	95th	ADJ
alces-57	286	10	percentiles	percentile	NOUN
alces-57	286	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	286	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	286	13	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	286	14	predictions	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	286	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	287	1	as	as	SCONJ
alces-57	287	2	additional	additional	ADJ
alces-57	287	3	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	287	4	are	be	AUX
alces-57	287	5	accumulated	accumulate	VERB
alces-57	287	6	on	on	ADP
alces-57	287	7	these	these	DET
alces-57	287	8	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	287	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	287	10	confidence	confidence	NOUN
alces-57	287	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	287	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	287	13	performance	performance	NOUN
alces-57	287	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	287	15	the	the	DET
alces-57	287	16	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	287	17	would	would	AUX
alces-57	287	18	be	be	AUX
alces-57	287	19	expected	expect	VERB
alces-57	287	20	to	to	PART
alces-57	287	21	improve	improve	VERB
alces-57	287	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	287	23	walters	walters	PROPN
alces-57	287	24	1986	1986	NUM
alces-57	287	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	287	26	milner	milner	NOUN
alces-57	287	27	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	287	28	gulland	gulland	NOUN
alces-57	287	29	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	287	30	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	287	31	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	287	32	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	287	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	287	34	varley	varley	NOUN
alces-57	287	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	287	36	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	287	37	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	287	38	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	287	39	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	288	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	288	2	note	note	VERB
alces-57	288	3	some	some	DET
alces-57	288	4	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	288	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	288	6	parameter	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	288	7	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	288	8	among	among	ADP
alces-57	288	9	wmus	wmus	NOUN
alces-57	288	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	288	11	which	which	PRON
alces-57	288	12	were	be	AUX
alces-57	288	13	possibly	possibly	ADV
alces-57	288	14	attributable	attributable	ADJ
alces-57	288	15	to	to	ADP
alces-57	288	16	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	288	17	caused	cause	VERB
alces-57	288	18	by	by	ADP
alces-57	288	19	undocumented	undocumented	ADJ
alces-57	288	20	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	288	21	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	288	22	aboriginal	aboriginal	ADJ
alces-57	288	23	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	288	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	288	25	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	288	26	simply	simply	ADV
alces-57	288	27	small	small	ADJ
alces-57	288	28	sample	sample	NOUN
alces-57	288	29	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	288	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	289	1	our	our	PRON
alces-57	289	2	intent	intent	NOUN
alces-57	289	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	289	4	developing	develop	VERB
alces-57	289	5	this	this	DET
alces-57	289	6	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	289	7	was	be	AUX
alces-57	289	8	to	to	PART
alces-57	289	9	provide	provide	VERB
alces-57	289	10	a	a	DET
alces-57	289	11	tool	tool	NOUN
alces-57	289	12	for	for	ADP
alces-57	289	13	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	289	14	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	289	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	289	16	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	289	17	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	289	18	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	289	19	are	be	AUX
alces-57	289	20	limited	limit	VERB
alces-57	289	21	to	to	ADP
alces-57	289	22	those	those	PRON
alces-57	289	23	that	that	PRON
alces-57	289	24	we	we	PRON
alces-57	289	25	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
alces-57	289	26	as	as	ADP
alces-57	289	27	inputs	input	NOUN
alces-57	289	28	into	into	ADP
alces-57	289	29	this	this	DET
alces-57	289	30	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	289	31	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	290	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	290	2	have	have	AUX
alces-57	290	3	constructed	construct	VERB
alces-57	290	4	this	this	DET
alces-57	290	5	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	290	6	as	as	ADP
alces-57	290	7	an	an	DET
alces-57	290	8	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
alces-57	290	9	that	that	PRON
alces-57	290	10	can	can	AUX
alces-57	290	11	be	be	AUX
alces-57	290	12	interfaced	interface	VERB
alces-57	290	13	with	with	ADP
alces-57	290	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	290	15	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	290	16	fisheries	fisheries	PROPN
alces-57	290	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	290	18	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	290	19	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	290	20	information	information	NOUN
alces-57	290	21	system	system	NOUN
alces-57	290	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	290	23	fwmis	fwmis	PROPN
alces-57	290	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	290	25	to	to	PART
alces-57	290	26	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
alces-57	290	27	easy	easy	ADJ
alces-57	290	28	application	application	NOUN
alces-57	290	29	by	by	ADP
alces-57	290	30	managers	manager	NOUN
alces-57	290	31	who	who	PRON
alces-57	290	32	are	be	AUX
alces-57	290	33	responsible	responsible	ADJ
alces-57	290	34	for	for	ADP
alces-57	290	35	setting	set	VERB
alces-57	290	36	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	290	37	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	290	38	quotas	quota	NOUN
alces-57	290	39	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	291	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	291	2	software	software	NOUN
alces-57	291	3	can	can	AUX
alces-57	291	4	be	be	AUX
alces-57	291	5	modified	modify	VERB
alces-57	291	6	easily	easily	ADV
alces-57	291	7	for	for	ADP
alces-57	291	8	applications	application	NOUN
alces-57	291	9	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV
alces-57	291	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	292	1	further	further	ADJ
alces-57	292	2	work	work	NOUN
alces-57	292	3	could	could	AUX
alces-57	292	4	explore	explore	VERB
alces-57	292	5	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	292	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	292	7	trophy	trophy	NOUN
alces-57	292	8	bulls	bull	NOUN
alces-57	292	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	293	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	293	2	also	also	ADV
alces-57	293	3	encourage	encourage	VERB
alces-57	293	4	further	further	ADJ
alces-57	293	5	research	research	NOUN
alces-57	293	6	on	on	ADP
alces-57	293	7	error	error	NOUN
alces-57	293	8	propagation	propagation	NOUN
alces-57	293	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	293	10	sampling	sample	VERB
alces-57	293	11	designs	design	NOUN
alces-57	293	12	for	for	ADP
alces-57	293	13	reliable	reliable	ADJ
alces-57	293	14	prediction	prediction	NOUN
alces-57	293	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	294	1	acknowledgements	acknowledgement	NOUN
alces-57	294	2	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	294	3	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	294	4	was	be	AUX
alces-57	294	5	supported	support	VERB
alces-57	294	6	by	by	ADP
alces-57	294	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	294	8	killam	killam	ADJ
alces-57	294	9	postdoctoral	postdoctoral	ADJ
alces-57	294	10	fellowship	fellowship	NOUN
alces-57	294	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	295	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	295	2	acknowledge	acknowledge	VERB
alces-57	295	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	295	4	assistance	assistance	NOUN
alces-57	295	5	provided	provide	VERB
alces-57	295	6	by	by	ADP
alces-57	295	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	295	8	killam	killam	PROPN
alces-57	295	9	trust	trust	PROPN
alces-57	295	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	295	11	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	295	12	ministry	ministry	PROPN
alces-57	295	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	295	14	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
alces-57	295	15	resource	resource	NOUN
alces-57	295	16	development	development	NOUN
alces-57	295	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	295	18	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	295	19	professional	professional	PROPN
alces-57	295	20	outfitters	outfitters	PROPN
alces-57	295	21	society	society	PROPN
alces-57	295	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	295	23	sherwood	sherwood	PROPN
alces-57	295	24	park	park	PROPN
alces-57	295	25	fish	fish	NOUN
alces-57	295	26	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	295	27	game	game	NOUN
alces-57	295	28	association	association	PROPN
alces-57	295	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	295	30	northern	northern	ADJ
alces-57	295	31	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	295	32	chapter	chapter	PROPN
alces-57	295	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	295	34	safari	safari	PROPN
alces-57	295	35	club	club	NOUN
alces-57	295	36	international	international	NOUN
alces-57	295	37	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	295	38	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	295	39	the	the	DET
alces-57	295	40	natural	natural	ADJ
alces-57	295	41	sciences	sciences	PROPN
alces-57	295	42	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	295	43	engineering	engineering	NOUN
alces-57	295	44	research	research	NOUN
alces-57	295	45	council	council	PROPN
alces-57	295	46	of	of	ADP
alces-57	295	47	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	295	48	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	295	49	nserc	nserc	PROPN
alces-57	295	50	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	295	51	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	296	1	we	we	PRON
alces-57	296	2	thank	thank	VERB
alces-57	296	3	charlene	charlene	PROPN
alces-57	296	4	nielsen	nielsen	PROPN
alces-57	296	5	for	for	ADP
alces-57	296	6	preparing	prepare	VERB
alces-57	296	7	figure	figure	NOUN
alces-57	296	8	1	1	NUM
alces-57	296	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	297	1	thanks	thank	NOUN
alces-57	297	2	to	to	ADP
alces-57	297	3	elston	elston	PROPN
alces-57	297	4	dzus	dzus	PROPN
alces-57	297	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	297	6	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	297	7	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	297	8	milner	milner	PROPN
alces-57	297	9	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	297	10	gulland	gulland	NOUN
alces-57	297	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	297	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	297	13	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
alces-57	297	14	reviewers	reviewer	NOUN
alces-57	297	15	for	for	ADP
alces-57	297	16	comments	comment	NOUN
alces-57	297	17	on	on	ADP
alces-57	297	18	the	the	DET
alces-57	297	19	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
alces-57	297	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	298	1	references	reference	NOUN
alces-57	298	2	ballard	ballard	PROPN
alces-57	298	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	298	4	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	298	5	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	298	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	298	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	298	8	v.	v.	ADP
alces-57	298	9	van	van	PROPN
alces-57	298	10	ballenberghe	ballenberghe	NOUN
alces-57	298	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	299	1	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	299	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	300	1	predator	predator	NOUN
alces-57	300	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	300	3	prey	prey	NOUN
alces-57	300	4	relationships	relationship	NOUN
alces-57	300	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	301	1	pages	page	NOUN
alces-57	301	2	247	247	NUM
alces-57	301	3	-	-	SYM
alces-57	301	4	273	273	NUM
alces-57	301	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	301	6	a.	a.	NOUN
alces-57	301	7	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	301	8	franzmann	franzmann	PROPN
alces-57	301	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	301	10	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	301	11	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	301	12	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
alces-57	301	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	301	14	editors	editor	NOUN
alces-57	301	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	302	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	302	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	302	3	man	man	NOUN
alces-57	302	4	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	302	5	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	302	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	302	7	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	302	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	302	9	the	the	DET
alces-57	302	10	north	north	ADJ
alces-57	302	11	american	american	ADJ
alces-57	302	12	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	302	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	303	1	smithsonian	smithsonian	PROPN
alces-57	303	2	institution	institution	PROPN
alces-57	303	3	press	press	PROPN
alces-57	303	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	303	5	washington	washington	PROPN
alces-57	303	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	303	7	d.c	d.c	PROPN
alces-57	303	8	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	303	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	303	10	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	303	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	304	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	305	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	306	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	307	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	308	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	308	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	308	3	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	308	4	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	308	5	whitman	whitman	PROPN
alces-57	308	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	308	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	308	8	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	308	9	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	308	10	reed	reed	PROPN
alces-57	308	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	309	1	1991	1991	NUM
alces-57	309	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	310	1	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	310	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	310	3	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	310	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	310	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	310	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	310	7	southcentral	southcentral	PROPN
alces-57	310	8	alaska	alaska	PROPN
alces-57	310	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	311	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	311	2	monographs	monograph	NOUN
alces-57	311	3	114	114	NUM
alces-57	311	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	311	5	1	1	NUM
alces-57	311	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	311	7	49	49	NUM
alces-57	311	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	312	1	bangs	bang	NOUN
alces-57	312	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	312	3	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	312	4	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	312	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	312	6	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	312	7	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	312	8	bailey	bailey	PROPN
alces-57	312	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	312	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	312	11	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	312	12	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	312	13	portner	portner	PROPN
alces-57	312	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	313	1	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	313	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	314	1	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	314	2	rates	rate	NOUN
alces-57	314	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	314	4	adult	adult	NOUN
alces-57	314	5	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	314	6	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	314	7	on	on	ADP
alces-57	314	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	314	9	kenai	kenai	PROPN
alces-57	314	10	peninsula	peninsula	PROPN
alces-57	314	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	314	12	alaska	alaska	PROPN
alces-57	314	13	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	314	14	journal	journal	PROPN
alces-57	314	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	314	16	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	314	17	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	314	18	53	53	NUM
alces-57	314	19	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	314	20	557	557	NUM
alces-57	314	21	-	-	SYM
alces-57	314	22	563	563	NUM
alces-57	314	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	315	1	beckingham	beckingham	NOUN
alces-57	315	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	315	3	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	315	4	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	315	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	315	6	i.	i.	PROPN
alces-57	315	7	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	315	8	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	315	9	corns	corns	PROPN
alces-57	315	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	315	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	315	12	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	315	13	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	315	14	archibald	archibald	PROPN
alces-57	315	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	316	1	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	316	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	317	1	field	field	NOUN
alces-57	317	2	guide	guide	NOUN
alces-57	317	3	to	to	ADP
alces-57	317	4	ecosites	ecosite	NOUN
alces-57	317	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	317	6	west	west	ADJ
alces-57	317	7	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	317	8	central	central	ADJ
alces-57	317	9	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	317	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	318	1	natural	natural	ADJ
alces-57	318	2	resources	resource	NOUN
alces-57	318	3	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	318	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	319	1	canadian	canadian	PROPN
alces-57	319	2	forest	forest	PROPN
alces-57	319	3	service	service	PROPN
alces-57	319	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	5	northwest	northwest	NOUN
alces-57	319	6	region	region	NOUN
alces-57	319	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	8	northern	northern	ADJ
alces-57	319	9	forestry	forestry	NOUN
alces-57	319	10	centre	centre	PROPN
alces-57	319	11	special	special	ADJ
alces-57	319	12	report	report	NOUN
alces-57	319	13	9	9	NUM
alces-57	319	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	319	15	bonenfant	bonenfant	PROPN
alces-57	319	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	17	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	319	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	19	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	319	20	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	319	21	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	319	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	23	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	319	24	coulson	coulson	PROPN
alces-57	319	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	26	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	319	27	festa	festa	NOUN
alces-57	319	28	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	319	29	bianchet	bianchet	NOUN
alces-57	319	30	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	31	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	319	32	loison	loison	PROPN
alces-57	319	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	34	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	319	35	garel	garel	PROPN
alces-57	319	36	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	37	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	319	38	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	319	39	loe	loe	PROPN
alces-57	319	40	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	41	p.	p.	NOUN
alces-57	319	42	blanchard	blanchard	NOUN
alces-57	319	43	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	44	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	319	45	pettorelli	pettorelli	PROPN
alces-57	319	46	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	47	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	319	48	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	319	49	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	319	50	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	319	51	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	52	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	319	53	du	du	PROPN
alces-57	319	54	toit	toit	PROPN
alces-57	319	55	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	319	56	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	319	57	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	319	58	duncan	duncan	PROPN
alces-57	319	59	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	319	60	2009	2009	NUM
alces-57	319	61	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	320	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
alces-57	320	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
alces-57	320	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	320	4	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	320	5	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	320	6	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	320	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	320	8	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	320	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	320	10	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	320	11	herbivores	herbivore	NOUN
alces-57	320	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	321	1	advances	advance	NOUN
alces-57	321	2	in	in	ADP
alces-57	321	3	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	321	4	research	research	NOUN
alces-57	321	5	41	41	NUM
alces-57	321	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	321	7	313	313	NUM
alces-57	321	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	321	9	357	357	NUM
alces-57	321	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	322	1	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	322	3	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	322	4	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	322	5	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	322	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	323	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	323	2	jackson	jackson	PROPN
alces-57	323	3	elk	elk	PROPN
alces-57	323	4	herd	herd	PROPN
alces-57	323	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	324	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
alces-57	324	2	university	university	PROPN
alces-57	324	3	press	press	PROPN
alces-57	324	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	324	5	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
alces-57	324	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	324	7	uk	uk	PROPN
alces-57	324	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	325	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	326	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	327	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	328	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	328	2	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	328	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	328	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	328	5	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	328	6	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	328	7	daley	daley	PROPN
alces-57	328	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	329	1	1980	1980	NUM
alces-57	329	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	330	1	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	330	2	tracking	tracking	NOUN
alces-57	330	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	330	4	fluctuating	fluctuate	VERB
alces-57	330	5	environments	environment	NOUN
alces-57	330	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	330	7	natural	natural	ADJ
alces-57	330	8	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	330	9	selection	selection	NOUN
alces-57	330	10	for	for	ADP
alces-57	330	11	tracking	tracking	NOUN
alces-57	330	12	ability	ability	NOUN
alces-57	330	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	331	1	american	american	PROPN
alces-57	331	2	naturalist	naturalist	PROPN
alces-57	331	3	115	115	NUM
alces-57	331	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	331	5	480–491	480–491	NUM
alces-57	331	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	332	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	333	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	334	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	335	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	336	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	336	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	336	3	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	336	4	v.	v.	PROPN
alces-57	336	5	haridas	haridas	PROPN
alces-57	336	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	336	7	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	336	8	lee	lee	PROPN
alces-57	336	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	336	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	336	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	336	12	nceas	nceas	NOUN
alces-57	336	13	working	work	VERB
alces-57	336	14	group	group	NOUN
alces-57	336	15	on	on	ADP
alces-57	336	16	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	336	17	demography	demography	NOUN
alces-57	336	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	337	1	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	337	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	338	1	demography	demography	NOUN
alces-57	338	2	in	in	ADP
alces-57	338	3	an	an	DET
alces-57	338	4	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
alces-57	338	5	variable	variable	ADJ
alces-57	338	6	world	world	NOUN
alces-57	338	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	339	1	trends	trend	NOUN
alces-57	339	2	in	in	ADP
alces-57	339	3	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	339	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	339	5	evolution	evolution	NOUN
alces-57	339	6	21	21	NUM
alces-57	339	7	:	:	SYM
alces-57	339	8	141	141	NUM
alces-57	339	9	-	-	SYM
alces-57	339	10	148	148	NUM
alces-57	339	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	340	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	341	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	342	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	343	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	344	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	344	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	344	3	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	344	4	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	344	5	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	344	6	sinclair	sinclair	PROPN
alces-57	344	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	344	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	344	9	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	344	10	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	344	11	white	white	PROPN
alces-57	344	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	345	1	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	345	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	346	1	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ
alces-57	346	2	compensation	compensation	NOUN
alces-57	346	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	346	4	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	346	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	346	6	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	346	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	347	1	oikos	oikos	NOUN
alces-57	347	2	87	87	NUM
alces-57	347	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	347	4	419	419	NUM
alces-57	347	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	347	6	426	426	NUM
alces-57	347	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	347	8	bubenik	bubenik	PROPN
alces-57	347	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	347	10	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	347	11	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	347	12	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	347	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	348	1	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
alces-57	348	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	348	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	348	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	348	5	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	348	6	alces	alce	VERB
alces-57	348	7	spp	spp	NOUN
alces-57	348	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	348	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	348	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	348	11	north	north	PROPN
alces-57	348	12	america	america	PROPN
alces-57	348	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	349	1	swedish	swedish	ADJ
alces-57	349	2	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	349	3	research	research	NOUN
alces-57	349	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	349	5	supplement	supplement	NOUN
alces-57	349	6	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	349	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	349	8	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	349	9	333	333	NUM
alces-57	349	10	-	-	SYM
alces-57	349	11	365	365	NUM
alces-57	349	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	350	1	caswell	caswell	PROPN
alces-57	350	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	350	3	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	350	4	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	350	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	351	1	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	351	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	351	3	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	351	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	352	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	352	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	352	3	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	353	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	353	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	353	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	353	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	353	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	353	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	353	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	353	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	353	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	353	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	353	11	29	29	NUM
alces-57	353	12	sinauer	sinauer	NOUN
alces-57	353	13	associates	associate	NOUN
alces-57	353	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	353	15	sunderland	sunderland	PROPN
alces-57	353	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	353	17	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
alces-57	353	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	353	19	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	353	20	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	353	21	caughley	caughley	PROPN
alces-57	353	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	353	23	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	353	24	1977	1977	NUM
alces-57	353	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	354	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	354	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	354	3	vertebrate	vertebrate	ADJ
alces-57	354	4	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	354	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	355	1	john	john	PROPN
alces-57	355	2	wiley	wiley	PROPN
alces-57	355	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	355	4	sons	son	NOUN
alces-57	355	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	6	london	london	PROPN
alces-57	355	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	8	uk	uk	PROPN
alces-57	355	9	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	355	10	clutton	clutton	PROPN
alces-57	355	11	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	355	12	brock	brock	PROPN
alces-57	355	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	14	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	355	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	16	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	355	17	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	355	18	coulson	coulson	PROPN
alces-57	355	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	20	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	355	21	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	355	22	milner	milner	PROPN
alces-57	355	23	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	355	24	gulland	gulland	NOUN
alces-57	355	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	26	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	355	27	thomson	thomson	PROPN
alces-57	355	28	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	355	29	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	355	30	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	355	31	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	355	32	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
alces-57	355	33	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	355	34	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	355	35	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	356	1	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	356	2	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	356	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	356	4	emigration	emigration	NOUN
alces-57	356	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	356	6	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	356	7	affect	affect	VERB
alces-57	356	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	356	9	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	356	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	356	11	deer	deer	NOUN
alces-57	356	12	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	356	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	357	1	nature	nature	NOUN
alces-57	357	2	415	415	NUM
alces-57	357	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	357	4	633	633	NUM
alces-57	357	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	357	6	637	637	NUM
alces-57	357	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	358	1	cooper	cooper	PROPN
alces-57	358	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	358	3	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	358	4	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	358	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	358	6	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	358	7	hilborn	hilborn	PROPN
alces-57	358	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	358	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	358	10	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	358	11	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	358	12	unsworth	unsworth	PROPN
alces-57	358	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	359	1	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	359	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	360	1	an	an	DET
alces-57	360	2	approach	approach	NOUN
alces-57	360	3	for	for	ADP
alces-57	360	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	360	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
alces-57	360	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	360	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	360	8	absence	absence	NOUN
alces-57	360	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	360	10	abundance	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	360	11	indices	index	NOUN
alces-57	360	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	361	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	361	2	applications	application	NOUN
alces-57	361	3	13	13	NUM
alces-57	361	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	361	5	814	814	NUM
alces-57	361	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	361	7	828	828	NUM
alces-57	361	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	362	1	coulson	coulson	PROPN
alces-57	362	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	362	3	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	362	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	362	5	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	362	6	guinness	guinness	PROPN
alces-57	362	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	362	8	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	362	9	pemberton	pemberton	PROPN
alces-57	362	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	362	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	362	12	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	362	13	clutton	clutton	PROPN
alces-57	362	14	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	362	15	brock	brock	PROPN
alces-57	362	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	363	1	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	363	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	364	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	364	2	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	364	3	consequences	consequence	NOUN
alces-57	364	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	364	5	releasing	release	VERB
alces-57	364	6	a	a	DET
alces-57	364	7	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	364	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	364	9	red	red	ADJ
alces-57	364	10	deer	deer	NOUN
alces-57	364	11	from	from	ADP
alces-57	364	12	culling	cull	VERB
alces-57	364	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	365	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	365	2	85	85	NUM
alces-57	365	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	365	4	411	411	NUM
alces-57	365	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	365	6	422	422	NUM
alces-57	365	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	366	1	crete	crete	PROPN
alces-57	366	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	366	3	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	366	4	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	366	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	367	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	367	2	impact	impact	NOUN
alces-57	367	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	367	4	sport	sport	NOUN
alces-57	367	5	hunting	hunting	NOUN
alces-57	367	6	on	on	ADP
alces-57	367	7	north	north	PROPN
alces-57	367	8	american	american	ADJ
alces-57	367	9	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	367	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	368	1	swedish	swedish	ADJ
alces-57	368	2	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	368	3	research	research	NOUN
alces-57	368	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	368	5	viltrevy	viltrevy	NOUN
alces-57	368	6	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	368	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	369	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
alces-57	369	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	369	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	369	4	second	second	ADJ
alces-57	369	5	international	international	ADJ
alces-57	369	6	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	369	7	symposium	symposium	NOUN
alces-57	369	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	370	1	supplement	supplement	NOUN
alces-57	370	2	1	1	NUM
alces-57	370	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	370	4	553	553	NUM
alces-57	370	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	370	6	563	563	NUM
alces-57	370	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	371	1	dennis	dennis	PROPN
alces-57	371	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	371	3	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	371	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	371	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	371	6	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	371	7	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	371	8	costantino	costantino	PROPN
alces-57	371	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	372	1	1988	1988	NUM
alces-57	372	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	373	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	373	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	373	3	steady	steady	ADJ
alces-57	373	4	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	373	5	state	state	NOUN
alces-57	373	6	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	373	7	with	with	ADP
alces-57	373	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	373	9	gamma	gamma	PROPN
alces-57	373	10	abundance	abundance	PROPN
alces-57	373	11	model	model	PROPN
alces-57	373	12	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	373	13	application	application	NOUN
alces-57	373	14	to	to	ADP
alces-57	373	15	tribolium	tribolium	NOUN
alces-57	373	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	374	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	374	2	69	69	NUM
alces-57	374	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	374	4	1200	1200	NUM
alces-57	374	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	374	6	1213	1213	NUM
alces-57	374	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	375	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	376	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	377	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	378	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	379	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	379	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	379	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	379	4	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	379	5	desharnais	desharnais	PROPN
alces-57	379	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	379	7	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	379	8	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	379	9	cushing	cushing	PROPN
alces-57	379	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	379	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	379	12	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	379	13	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	379	14	costantino	costantino	PROPN
alces-57	379	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	380	1	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	380	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	381	1	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
alces-57	381	2	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	381	3	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	381	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	381	5	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
alces-57	381	6	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	381	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	381	8	statistical	statistical	ADJ
alces-57	381	9	methods	method	NOUN
alces-57	381	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	381	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	381	12	biological	biological	ADJ
alces-57	381	13	experiments	experiment	NOUN
alces-57	381	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	382	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	382	2	monographs	monograph	NOUN
alces-57	382	3	65:261–281	65:261–281	NUM
alces-57	382	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	383	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	384	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	385	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	386	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	387	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	387	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	388	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	389	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	390	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	391	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	392	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	392	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	393	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	394	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	395	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	396	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	397	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	397	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	397	3	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	397	4	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	397	5	henson	henson	PROPN
alces-57	397	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	397	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	397	8	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	397	9	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	397	10	costantino	costantino	PROPN
alces-57	397	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	398	1	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	398	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	399	1	estimating	estimate	VERB
alces-57	399	2	chaos	chaos	NOUN
alces-57	399	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	399	4	complex	complex	ADJ
alces-57	399	5	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	399	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	399	7	an	an	DET
alces-57	399	8	insect	insect	NOUN
alces-57	399	9	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	399	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	400	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	400	2	monographs	monograph	NOUN
alces-57	400	3	71	71	NUM
alces-57	400	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	400	5	277	277	NUM
alces-57	400	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	400	7	303	303	NUM
alces-57	400	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	401	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	402	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	403	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	404	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	405	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	405	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	405	3	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	405	4	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	405	5	munholland	munholland	PROPN
alces-57	405	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	405	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	405	8	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	405	9	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	405	10	scott	scott	PROPN
alces-57	405	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	406	1	1991	1991	NUM
alces-57	406	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	407	1	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	407	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	407	3	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	407	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	407	5	extinction	extinction	NOUN
alces-57	407	6	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	407	7	for	for	ADP
alces-57	407	8	endangered	endangered	ADJ
alces-57	407	9	species	specie	NOUN
alces-57	407	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	408	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	408	2	monographs	monograph	NOUN
alces-57	408	3	61	61	NUM
alces-57	408	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	408	5	115	115	NUM
alces-57	408	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	408	7	143	143	NUM
alces-57	408	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	409	1	eberhardt	eberhardt	PROPN
alces-57	409	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	409	3	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	409	4	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	409	5	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	409	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	410	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	410	2	paradigm	paradigm	NOUN
alces-57	410	3	for	for	ADP
alces-57	410	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	410	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	410	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	410	7	long	long	ADV
alces-57	410	8	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	410	9	lived	live	VERB
alces-57	410	10	vertebrates	vertebrate	NOUN
alces-57	410	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	411	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	411	2	83	83	NUM
alces-57	411	3	:	:	SYM
alces-57	411	4	2841	2841	NUM
alces-57	411	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	411	6	2854	2854	NUM
alces-57	411	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	412	1	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
alces-57	412	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	412	3	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	412	4	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	412	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	412	6	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	412	7	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	412	8	bisset	bisset	PROPN
alces-57	412	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	412	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	412	11	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	412	12	messier	messy	ADJ
alces-57	412	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	413	1	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	413	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	414	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	414	2	influences	influence	NOUN
alces-57	414	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	414	4	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	414	5	on	on	ADP
alces-57	414	6	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	414	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	414	8	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	414	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	414	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	414	11	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	414	12	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	414	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	415	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	415	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	415	3	6	6	NUM
alces-57	415	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	415	5	31	31	NUM
alces-57	415	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	415	7	39	39	NUM
alces-57	415	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	416	1	fowler	fowler	PROPN
alces-57	416	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	416	3	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	416	4	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	416	5	1981	1981	NUM
alces-57	416	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	417	1	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	417	2	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	417	3	as	as	ADP
alces-57	417	4	related	relate	VERB
alces-57	417	5	to	to	ADP
alces-57	417	6	life	life	NOUN
alces-57	417	7	history	history	NOUN
alces-57	417	8	strategy	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	417	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	418	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	418	2	62	62	NUM
alces-57	418	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	418	4	602	602	NUM
alces-57	418	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	418	6	610	610	NUM
alces-57	418	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	419	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	420	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	421	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	422	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	423	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	423	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	424	1	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	424	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	425	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	425	2	review	review	NOUN
alces-57	425	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	425	4	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	425	5	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	425	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	425	7	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	425	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	425	9	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	425	10	mammals	mammal	NOUN
alces-57	425	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	426	1	pages	page	NOUN
alces-57	426	2	401	401	NUM
alces-57	426	3	-	-	SYM
alces-57	426	4	441	441	NUM
alces-57	426	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	426	6	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	426	7	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	426	8	genoways	genoways	PROPN
alces-57	426	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	426	10	editor	editor	NOUN
alces-57	426	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	427	1	current	current	ADJ
alces-57	427	2	mammalogy	mammalogy	NOUN
alces-57	427	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	428	1	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	428	2	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	428	3	1	1	NUM
alces-57	428	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	5	plenum	plenum	PROPN
alces-57	428	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	7	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	428	8	york	york	PROPN
alces-57	428	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	10	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	428	11	york	york	PROPN
alces-57	428	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	13	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	428	14	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	428	15	gaillard	gaillard	PROPN
alces-57	428	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	17	j.-m	j.-m	PROPN
alces-57	428	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	428	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	20	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	428	21	festa	festa	NOUN
alces-57	428	22	-	-	NOUN
alces-57	428	23	bianchet	bianchet	NOUN
alces-57	428	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	428	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	428	26	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	428	27	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	428	28	yoccoz	yoccoz	NOUN
alces-57	428	29	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	429	1	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	429	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	430	1	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	430	2	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	430	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	430	4	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	430	5	herbivores	herbivore	NOUN
alces-57	430	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	430	7	variable	variable	ADJ
alces-57	430	8	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	430	9	with	with	ADP
alces-57	430	10	constant	constant	ADJ
alces-57	430	11	adult	adult	NOUN
alces-57	430	12	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	430	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	431	1	trends	trend	NOUN
alces-57	431	2	in	in	ADP
alces-57	431	3	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	431	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	431	5	evolution	evolution	NOUN
alces-57	431	6	13	13	NUM
alces-57	431	7	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	431	8	58	58	NUM
alces-57	431	9	-	-	SYM
alces-57	431	10	63	63	NUM
alces-57	431	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	432	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	433	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	434	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	435	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	436	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	436	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	437	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	438	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	439	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	440	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	441	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	441	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	442	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	443	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	444	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	445	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	446	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	446	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	446	3	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	446	4	loison	loison	PROPN
alces-57	446	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	446	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	446	7	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	446	8	toïgo	toïgo	PROPN
alces-57	446	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	447	1	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	447	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	448	1	temporal	temporal	ADJ
alces-57	448	2	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	448	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	448	4	fitness	fitness	NOUN
alces-57	448	5	components	component	NOUN
alces-57	448	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	448	7	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	448	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	448	9	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	448	10	herbivores	herbivore	NOUN
alces-57	448	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	449	1	annual	annual	ADJ
alces-57	449	2	review	review	NOUN
alces-57	449	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	449	4	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	449	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	449	6	systematics	systematic	NOUN
alces-57	449	7	31	31	NUM
alces-57	449	8	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	449	9	367	367	NUM
alces-57	449	10	-	-	SYM
alces-57	449	11	393	393	NUM
alces-57	449	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	450	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	451	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	452	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	453	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	454	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	454	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	454	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	454	4	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	454	5	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	454	6	yoccoz	yoccoz	NOUN
alces-57	454	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	455	1	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	455	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	456	1	temporal	temporal	ADJ
alces-57	456	2	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	456	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	456	4	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	456	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	456	6	mammals	mammal	NOUN
alces-57	456	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	456	8	its	its	PRON
alces-57	456	9	impact	impact	NOUN
alces-57	456	10	on	on	ADP
alces-57	456	11	fitness	fitness	NOUN
alces-57	456	12	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	456	13	a	a	DET
alces-57	456	14	case	case	NOUN
alces-57	456	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	456	16	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	456	17	canalization	canalization	NOUN
alces-57	456	18	?	?	PUNCT
alces-57	457	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	457	2	84	84	NUM
alces-57	457	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	457	4	3294	3294	NUM
alces-57	457	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	457	6	3306	3306	NUM
alces-57	457	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	458	1	gasaway	gasaway	NOUN
alces-57	458	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	458	3	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	458	4	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	458	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	458	6	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	458	7	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	458	8	dubois	dubois	PROPN
alces-57	458	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	458	10	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	458	11	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	458	12	reed	reed	PROPN
alces-57	458	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	458	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	458	15	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	458	16	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	458	17	harbo	harbo	PROPN
alces-57	458	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	459	1	1986	1986	NUM
alces-57	459	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	460	1	estimating	estimate	VERB
alces-57	460	2	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	460	3	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	460	4	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	460	5	from	from	ADP
alces-57	460	6	aerial	aerial	ADJ
alces-57	460	7	surveys	survey	NOUN
alces-57	460	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	461	1	biological	biological	ADJ
alces-57	461	2	papers	paper	NOUN
alces-57	461	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	461	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	461	5	university	university	PROPN
alces-57	461	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	461	7	alaska	alaska	PROPN
alces-57	461	8	22	22	NUM
alces-57	461	9	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	461	10	1	1	NUM
alces-57	461	11	-	-	SYM
alces-57	461	12	108	108	NUM
alces-57	461	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	462	1	getz	getz	PROPN
alces-57	462	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	462	3	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	462	4	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	462	5	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	462	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	463	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	463	2	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
alces-57	463	3	regarding	regard	VERB
alces-57	463	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	463	5	abruptness	abruptness	NOUN
alces-57	463	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	463	7	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	463	8	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	463	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	463	10	the	the	DET
alces-57	463	11	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	463	12	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	463	13	of	of	ADP
alces-57	463	14	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	463	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	464	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	464	2	77	77	NUM
alces-57	464	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	464	4	2014	2014	NUM
alces-57	464	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	464	6	2026	2026	NUM
alces-57	464	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	465	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	466	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	467	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	468	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	469	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	469	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	469	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	469	4	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	469	5	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	469	6	haight	haight	PROPN
alces-57	469	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	470	1	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	470	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	471	1	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	471	2	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	471	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	471	4	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	471	5	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	471	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	471	7	fish	fish	NOUN
alces-57	471	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	471	9	forest	forest	NOUN
alces-57	471	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	471	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	471	12	animal	animal	NOUN
alces-57	471	13	resources	resource	NOUN
alces-57	471	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	472	1	princeton	princeton	PROPN
alces-57	472	2	university	university	PROPN
alces-57	472	3	press	press	PROPN
alces-57	472	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	472	5	princeton	princeton	PROPN
alces-57	472	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	472	7	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	472	8	jersey	jersey	PROPN
alces-57	472	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	472	10	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	472	11	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	472	12	gilpin	gilpin	PROPN
alces-57	472	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	472	14	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	472	15	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	472	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	472	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	472	18	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	472	19	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	472	20	ayala	ayala	PROPN
alces-57	472	21	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	473	1	1973	1973	NUM
alces-57	473	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	474	1	global	global	ADJ
alces-57	474	2	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	474	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	474	4	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	474	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	474	6	competition	competition	NOUN
alces-57	474	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	475	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
alces-57	475	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	475	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	475	4	national	national	PROPN
alces-57	475	5	academy	academy	PROPN
alces-57	475	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	475	7	sciences	sciences	PROPN
alces-57	475	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	475	9	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	475	10	70	70	NUM
alces-57	475	11	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	475	12	3590	3590	NUM
alces-57	475	13	-	-	SYM
alces-57	475	14	3593	3593	NUM
alces-57	475	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	476	1	gordon	gordon	PROPN
alces-57	476	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	476	3	i.	i.	PROPN
alces-57	476	4	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	476	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	476	6	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	476	7	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	476	8	hester	hester	PROPN
alces-57	476	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	476	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	476	11	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	476	12	festaoptimal	festaoptimal	NOUN
alces-57	476	13	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	476	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	476	15	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	476	16	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	476	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	476	18	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	476	19	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	476	20	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	476	21	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	476	22	46	46	NUM
alces-57	476	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	476	24	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	476	25	30	30	NUM
alces-57	476	26	bianchet	bianchet	NOUN
alces-57	476	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	477	1	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	477	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	478	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	478	2	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	478	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	478	4	wild	wild	ADJ
alces-57	478	5	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	478	6	herbivores	herbivore	NOUN
alces-57	478	7	to	to	PART
alces-57	478	8	meet	meet	VERB
alces-57	478	9	economic	economic	ADJ
alces-57	478	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	478	11	conservation	conservation	NOUN
alces-57	478	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	478	13	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	478	14	objectives	objective	NOUN
alces-57	478	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	479	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	479	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	479	3	applied	applied	ADJ
alces-57	479	4	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	479	5	41	41	NUM
alces-57	479	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	479	7	1021	1021	NUM
alces-57	479	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	479	9	1031	1031	NUM
alces-57	479	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	480	1	hayes	hayes	PROPN
alces-57	480	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	480	4	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	480	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	6	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	480	7	farnell	farnell	PROPN
alces-57	480	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	9	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	480	10	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	480	11	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	480	12	ward	ward	PROPN
alces-57	480	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	14	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	480	15	carey	carey	PROPN
alces-57	480	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	17	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	480	18	dehn	dehn	PROPN
alces-57	480	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	20	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	480	21	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	480	22	kuzyk	kuzyk	PROPN
alces-57	480	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	24	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	480	25	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	480	26	baer	baer	PROPN
alces-57	480	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	28	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	480	29	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	480	30	gardner	gardner	PROPN
alces-57	480	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	480	32	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	480	33	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	480	34	o’donoghue	o’donoghue	PROPN
alces-57	480	35	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	480	36	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	480	37	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	481	1	experimental	experimental	ADJ
alces-57	481	2	reduction	reduction	NOUN
alces-57	481	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	481	4	wolves	wolf	NOUN
alces-57	481	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	481	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	481	7	yukon	yukon	PROPN
alces-57	481	8	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	481	9	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	481	10	responses	response	NOUN
alces-57	481	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	481	12	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	481	13	implications	implication	NOUN
alces-57	481	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	482	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	482	2	monographs	monograph	NOUN
alces-57	482	3	152	152	NUM
alces-57	482	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	482	5	1	1	NUM
alces-57	482	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	482	7	35	35	NUM
alces-57	482	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	483	1	klimko	klimko	PROPN
alces-57	483	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	483	3	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	483	4	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	483	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	483	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	483	7	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	483	8	i.	i.	PROPN
alces-57	483	9	nelson	nelson	PROPN
alces-57	483	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	484	1	1978	1978	NUM
alces-57	484	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	485	1	on	on	ADP
alces-57	485	2	conditional	conditional	ADJ
alces-57	485	3	least	least	ADJ
alces-57	485	4	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	485	5	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	485	6	for	for	ADP
alces-57	485	7	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	485	8	processes	process	NOUN
alces-57	485	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	486	1	annals	annal	NOUN
alces-57	486	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	486	3	statistics	statistic	NOUN
alces-57	486	4	6	6	NUM
alces-57	486	5	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	486	6	629	629	NUM
alces-57	486	7	-	-	SYM
alces-57	486	8	642	642	NUM
alces-57	486	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	487	1	kokko	kokko	PROPN
alces-57	487	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	487	3	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	487	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	487	5	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	487	6	lindstrom	lindstrom	PROPN
alces-57	487	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	487	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	487	9	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	487	10	ranta	ranta	PROPN
alces-57	487	11	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	487	12	1997	1997	NUM
alces-57	487	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	488	1	risk	risk	NOUN
alces-57	488	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	488	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	488	4	hunting	hunting	NOUN
alces-57	488	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	488	6	seal	seal	NOUN
alces-57	488	7	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	488	8	in	in	ADP
alces-57	488	9	the	the	DET
alces-57	488	10	baltic	baltic	NOUN
alces-57	488	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	489	1	conservation	conservation	NOUN
alces-57	489	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	489	3	11	11	NUM
alces-57	489	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	489	5	917	917	NUM
alces-57	489	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	489	7	927	927	NUM
alces-57	489	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	490	1	lande	lande	PROPN
alces-57	490	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	490	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	490	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	490	5	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	490	6	engen	engen	PROPN
alces-57	490	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	490	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	490	9	b.-e	b.-e	PROPN
alces-57	490	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	491	1	sæther	sæther	PROPN
alces-57	491	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	492	1	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	492	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	493	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	493	2	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	493	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	493	4	fluctuating	fluctuate	VERB
alces-57	493	5	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	493	6	with	with	ADP
alces-57	493	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	493	8	risk	risk	NOUN
alces-57	493	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	493	10	extinction	extinction	NOUN
alces-57	493	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	494	1	american	american	PROPN
alces-57	494	2	naturalist	naturalist	PROPN
alces-57	494	3	145	145	NUM
alces-57	494	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	494	5	728–745	728–745	NUM
alces-57	494	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	495	1	larsen	larsen	PROPN
alces-57	495	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	495	3	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	495	4	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	495	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	495	6	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	495	7	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	495	8	gauthier	gauthier	PROPN
alces-57	495	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	495	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	495	11	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	495	12	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	495	13	markel	markel	PROPN
alces-57	495	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	495	15	1989	1989	NUM
alces-57	495	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	496	1	causes	cause	NOUN
alces-57	496	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	496	3	rate	rate	NOUN
alces-57	496	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	496	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	496	6	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	496	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	496	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	496	9	southwest	southwest	PROPN
alces-57	496	10	yukon	yukon	PROPN
alces-57	496	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	497	1	journal	journal	PROPN
alces-57	497	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	497	3	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	497	4	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	497	5	53	53	NUM
alces-57	497	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	497	7	548	548	NUM
alces-57	497	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	497	9	557	557	NUM
alces-57	497	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	498	1	laurian	laurian	PROPN
alces-57	498	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	498	3	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	498	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	498	5	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	498	6	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	498	7	ouellet	ouellet	PROPN
alces-57	498	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	498	9	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	498	10	courtois	courtois	PROPN
alces-57	498	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	498	12	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	498	13	breton	breton	PROPN
alces-57	498	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	498	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	498	16	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	498	17	st	st	PROPN
alces-57	498	18	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	498	19	onge	onge	NOUN
alces-57	498	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	499	1	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	499	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	500	1	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	500	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	500	3	intensive	intensive	ADJ
alces-57	500	4	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	500	5	on	on	ADP
alces-57	500	6	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	500	7	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	500	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	501	1	journal	journal	PROPN
alces-57	501	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	501	3	applied	applied	ADJ
alces-57	501	4	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	501	5	37	37	NUM
alces-57	501	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	501	7	515	515	NUM
alces-57	501	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	501	9	531	531	NUM
alces-57	501	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	502	1	lefkovitch	lefkovitch	PROPN
alces-57	502	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	502	3	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	503	1	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	503	2	1965	1965	NUM
alces-57	503	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	504	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	504	2	study	study	NOUN
alces-57	504	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	504	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	504	5	growth	growth	NOUN
alces-57	504	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	504	7	organisms	organism	NOUN
alces-57	504	8	grouped	group	VERB
alces-57	504	9	by	by	ADP
alces-57	504	10	stage	stage	NOUN
alces-57	504	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	505	1	biometrics	biometric	NOUN
alces-57	505	2	21	21	NUM
alces-57	505	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	505	4	1	1	NUM
alces-57	505	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	505	6	18	18	NUM
alces-57	505	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	506	1	leslie	leslie	PROPN
alces-57	506	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	506	3	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	506	4	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	506	5	1945	1945	NUM
alces-57	506	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	507	1	on	on	ADP
alces-57	507	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	507	3	use	use	NOUN
alces-57	507	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	507	5	matrices	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	507	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	507	7	certain	certain	ADJ
alces-57	507	8	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	507	9	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
alces-57	507	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	507	11	biometrika	biometrika	NOUN
alces-57	507	12	33	33	NUM
alces-57	507	13	:	:	SYM
alces-57	507	14	182	182	NUM
alces-57	507	15	-	-	SYM
alces-57	507	16	212	212	NUM
alces-57	507	17	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	508	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	509	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	510	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	511	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	512	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	512	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	513	1	1948	1948	NUM
alces-57	513	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	514	1	some	some	DET
alces-57	514	2	further	further	ADJ
alces-57	514	3	notes	note	NOUN
alces-57	514	4	on	on	ADP
alces-57	514	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	514	6	use	use	NOUN
alces-57	514	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	514	8	matrices	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	514	9	in	in	ADP
alces-57	514	10	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	514	11	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
alces-57	514	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	514	13	biometrika	biometrika	NOUN
alces-57	514	14	35	35	NUM
alces-57	514	15	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	514	16	213	213	NUM
alces-57	514	17	-	-	SYM
alces-57	514	18	245	245	NUM
alces-57	514	19	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	515	1	lynch	lynch	PROPN
alces-57	515	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	515	3	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	515	4	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	515	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	515	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	515	7	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	515	8	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	515	9	shumaker	shumaker	PROPN
alces-57	515	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	516	1	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	516	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	517	1	gps	gps	PROPN
alces-57	517	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	517	3	gis	gis	PROPN
alces-57	517	4	assisted	assist	VERB
alces-57	517	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	517	6	surveys	survey	NOUN
alces-57	517	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	518	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	518	2	31	31	NUM
alces-57	518	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	518	4	145	145	NUM
alces-57	518	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	518	6	151	151	NUM
alces-57	518	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	519	1	markgren	markgren	PROPN
alces-57	519	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	519	3	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	519	4	1969	1969	NUM
alces-57	519	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	520	1	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	520	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	520	3	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	520	4	in	in	ADP
alces-57	520	5	sweden	sweden	PROPN
alces-57	520	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	521	1	viltrevy	viltrevy	VERB
alces-57	521	2	6	6	NUM
alces-57	521	3	:	:	SYM
alces-57	521	4	129	129	NUM
alces-57	521	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	521	6	299	299	NUM
alces-57	521	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	522	1	mendelssohn	mendelssohn	PROPN
alces-57	522	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	522	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	522	4	1976	1976	NUM
alces-57	522	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	523	1	optimization	optimization	NOUN
alces-57	523	2	problems	problem	NOUN
alces-57	523	3	associated	associate	VERB
alces-57	523	4	with	with	ADP
alces-57	523	5	a	a	DET
alces-57	523	6	leslie	leslie	PROPN
alces-57	523	7	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	523	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	524	1	american	american	PROPN
alces-57	524	2	naturalist	naturalist	PROPN
alces-57	524	3	110	110	NUM
alces-57	524	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	524	5	339	339	NUM
alces-57	524	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	524	7	349	349	NUM
alces-57	524	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	524	9	millspaugh	millspaugh	NOUN
alces-57	524	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	11	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	524	12	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	524	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	14	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	524	15	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	524	16	skalski	skalski	PROPN
alces-57	524	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	18	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	524	19	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	524	20	townsend	townsend	PROPN
alces-57	524	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	22	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	524	23	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	524	24	diefenbach	diefenbach	PROPN
alces-57	524	25	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	26	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	524	27	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	524	28	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	524	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	30	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	524	31	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	524	32	hansen	hansen	PROPN
alces-57	524	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	524	34	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	524	35	k.	k.	PROPN
alces-57	524	36	kammermeyer	kammermeyer	PROPN
alces-57	524	37	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	524	38	2009	2009	NUM
alces-57	524	39	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	525	1	an	an	DET
alces-57	525	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
alces-57	525	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	525	4	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	525	5	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	525	6	agekill	agekill	NOUN
alces-57	525	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	525	8	sak	sak	PROPN
alces-57	525	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	525	10	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	525	11	performance	performance	NOUN
alces-57	525	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	526	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	526	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	526	3	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	526	4	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	526	5	73	73	NUM
alces-57	526	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	526	7	442	442	NUM
alces-57	526	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	526	9	451	451	NUM
alces-57	526	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	527	1	milner	milner	NOUN
alces-57	527	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	527	3	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	527	4	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	527	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	527	6	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	527	7	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	527	8	elston	elston	PROPN
alces-57	527	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	527	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	527	11	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	527	12	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	527	13	albon	albon	PROPN
alces-57	527	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	527	15	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	527	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	528	1	estimating	estimate	VERB
alces-57	528	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	528	3	contributions	contribution	NOUN
alces-57	528	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	528	5	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	528	6	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	528	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	528	8	climatic	climatic	ADJ
alces-57	528	9	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
alces-57	528	10	to	to	ADP
alces-57	528	11	interannual	interannual	ADJ
alces-57	528	12	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	528	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	528	14	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	528	15	of	of	ADP
alces-57	528	16	soay	soay	PROPN
alces-57	528	17	sheep	sheep	PROPN
alces-57	528	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	529	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	529	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	529	3	animal	animal	NOUN
alces-57	529	4	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	529	5	68	68	NUM
alces-57	529	6	:	:	SYM
alces-57	529	7	1235	1235	NUM
alces-57	529	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	529	9	1247	1247	NUM
alces-57	529	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	530	1	milner	milner	NOUN
alces-57	530	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	530	3	gulland	gulland	NOUN
alces-57	530	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	530	5	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	530	6	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	530	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	530	8	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	530	9	coulson	coulson	PROPN
alces-57	530	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	530	11	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	530	12	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	530	13	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	530	14	clutton	clutton	PROPN
alces-57	530	15	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	530	16	brock	brock	PROPN
alces-57	530	17	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	531	1	2004	2004	NUM
alces-57	531	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	532	1	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	532	2	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	532	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	532	4	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	532	5	quality	quality	NOUN
alces-57	532	6	as	as	ADP
alces-57	532	7	determinants	determinant	NOUN
alces-57	532	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	532	9	income	income	NOUN
alces-57	532	10	from	from	ADP
alces-57	532	11	hunting	hunt	VERB
alces-57	532	12	red	red	ADJ
alces-57	532	13	deer	deer	NOUN
alces-57	532	14	cervus	cervus	PROPN
alces-57	532	15	elaphus	elaphu	NOUN
alces-57	532	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	533	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	533	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	533	3	10	10	NUM
alces-57	533	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	533	5	187	187	NUM
alces-57	533	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	533	7	201	201	NUM
alces-57	533	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	534	1	munro	munro	PROPN
alces-57	534	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	534	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	534	4	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	534	5	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	534	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	534	7	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	534	8	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	534	9	nielsen	nielsen	PROPN
alces-57	534	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	534	11	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	534	12	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	534	13	price	price	PROPN
alces-57	534	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	534	15	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	534	16	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	534	17	stenhouse	stenhouse	PROPN
alces-57	534	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	534	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	534	20	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	534	21	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	534	22	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	534	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	535	1	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	535	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	536	1	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ
alces-57	536	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	536	3	diel	diel	ADJ
alces-57	536	4	patterns	pattern	NOUN
alces-57	536	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	536	6	grizzly	grizzly	NOUN
alces-57	536	7	bear	bear	NOUN
alces-57	536	8	diet	diet	NOUN
alces-57	536	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	536	10	activity	activity	NOUN
alces-57	536	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	536	12	west	west	NOUN
alces-57	536	13	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	536	14	central	central	PROPN
alces-57	536	15	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	536	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	537	1	journal	journal	PROPN
alces-57	537	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	537	3	mammalogy	mammalogy	NOUN
alces-57	537	4	87	87	NUM
alces-57	537	5	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	537	6	1112	1112	NUM
alces-57	537	7	-	-	SYM
alces-57	537	8	1121	1121	NUM
alces-57	537	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	538	1	national	national	PROPN
alces-57	538	2	research	research	PROPN
alces-57	538	3	council	council	PROPN
alces-57	538	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	539	1	1997	1997	NUM
alces-57	539	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	540	1	wolves	wolf	NOUN
alces-57	540	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	540	3	bears	bear	NOUN
alces-57	540	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	540	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	540	6	their	their	PRON
alces-57	540	7	prey	prey	NOUN
alces-57	540	8	in	in	ADP
alces-57	540	9	alaska	alaska	PROPN
alces-57	540	10	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	540	11	biological	biological	ADJ
alces-57	540	12	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	540	13	social	social	ADJ
alces-57	540	14	challenges	challenge	NOUN
alces-57	540	15	in	in	ADP
alces-57	540	16	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	540	17	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	540	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	541	1	national	national	PROPN
alces-57	541	2	academy	academy	PROPN
alces-57	541	3	press	press	PROPN
alces-57	541	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	5	washington	washington	PROPN
alces-57	541	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	7	d.c	d.c	PROPN
alces-57	541	8	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	541	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	10	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	541	11	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	541	12	nilsen	nilsen	PROPN
alces-57	541	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	14	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	541	15	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	541	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	17	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	541	18	pettersen	pettersen	PROPN
alces-57	541	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	20	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	541	21	gundersen	gundersen	PROPN
alces-57	541	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	23	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	541	24	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	541	25	milner	milner	PROPN
alces-57	541	26	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	27	a.	a.	NOUN
alces-57	541	28	mysterud	mysterud	NOUN
alces-57	541	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	30	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	541	31	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	541	32	solberg	solberg	PROPN
alces-57	541	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	34	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	541	35	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	541	36	andreassen	andreassen	PROPN
alces-57	541	37	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	541	38	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	541	39	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	541	40	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	541	41	stenseth	stenseth	PROPN
alces-57	541	42	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	542	1	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	542	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	543	1	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	543	2	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	543	3	strategies	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	543	4	in	in	ADP
alces-57	543	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	543	6	presence	presence	NOUN
alces-57	543	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	543	8	wolves	wolf	NOUN
alces-57	543	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	544	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	544	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	544	3	applied	applied	ADJ
alces-57	544	4	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	544	5	42	42	NUM
alces-57	544	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	544	7	389	389	NUM
alces-57	544	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	544	9	399	399	NUM
alces-57	544	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	545	1	owen	owen	PROPN
alces-57	545	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	545	3	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	545	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	545	5	n.	n.	NOUN
alces-57	545	6	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	545	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	546	1	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	546	2	determination	determination	NOUN
alces-57	546	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	546	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	546	5	shape	shape	NOUN
alces-57	546	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	546	7	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	546	8	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	546	9	for	for	ADP
alces-57	546	10	three	three	NUM
alces-57	546	11	african	african	ADJ
alces-57	546	12	ungulate	ungulate	ADJ
alces-57	546	13	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	546	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	547	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	547	2	monographs	monograph	NOUN
alces-57	547	3	76	76	NUM
alces-57	547	4	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	547	5	93	93	NUM
alces-57	547	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	547	7	109	109	NUM
alces-57	547	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	548	1	pojar	pojar	NOUN
alces-57	548	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	548	3	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	548	4	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	548	5	1977	1977	NUM
alces-57	548	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	549	1	use	use	NOUN
alces-57	549	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	549	3	a	a	DET
alces-57	549	4	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	549	5	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	549	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	549	7	big	big	ADJ
alces-57	549	8	game	game	NOUN
alces-57	549	9	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	549	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	550	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
alces-57	550	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	550	3	the	the	DET
alces-57	550	4	western	western	ADJ
alces-57	550	5	association	association	NOUN
alces-57	550	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	550	7	game	game	NOUN
alces-57	550	8	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	550	9	fish	fish	NOUN
alces-57	550	10	commissioners	commissioner	NOUN
alces-57	550	11	57	57	NUM
alces-57	550	12	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	550	13	82	82	NUM
alces-57	550	14	-	-	SYM
alces-57	550	15	92	92	NUM
alces-57	550	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	551	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	552	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	553	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	554	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	555	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	555	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	556	1	1981	1981	NUM
alces-57	556	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	557	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	557	2	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	557	3	perspective	perspective	NOUN
alces-57	557	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	557	5	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	557	6	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	557	7	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	558	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	558	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	558	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	558	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	558	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	558	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	558	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	558	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	558	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	558	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	558	11	31	31	NUM
alces-57	558	12	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	558	13	modeling	modeling	NOUN
alces-57	558	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	559	1	pages	page	NOUN
alces-57	559	2	241–261	241–261	NUM
alces-57	559	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	559	4	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	559	5	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	559	6	fowler	fowler	PROPN
alces-57	559	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	559	8	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	559	9	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	559	10	smith	smith	PROPN
alces-57	559	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	559	12	editors	editor	NOUN
alces-57	559	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	560	1	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	560	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	560	3	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	560	4	mammal	mammal	ADJ
alces-57	560	5	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	560	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	560	7	john	john	PROPN
alces-57	560	8	wiley	wiley	PROPN
alces-57	560	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	560	10	sons	son	NOUN
alces-57	560	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	560	12	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	560	13	york	york	PROPN
alces-57	560	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	560	15	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	560	16	york	york	PROPN
alces-57	560	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	560	18	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	560	19	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	560	20	ross	ross	PROPN
alces-57	560	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	560	22	p.	p.	NOUN
alces-57	560	23	i.	i.	PROPN
alces-57	560	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	560	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	560	26	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	560	27	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	560	28	jalkotsky	jalkotsky	PROPN
alces-57	560	29	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	561	1	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	561	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	562	1	cougar	cougar	NOUN
alces-57	562	2	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	562	3	on	on	ADP
alces-57	562	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	562	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	562	6	southwestern	southwestern	ADJ
alces-57	562	7	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	562	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	563	1	alces	alce	VERB
alces-57	563	2	32	32	NUM
alces-57	563	3	:	:	SYM
alces-57	563	4	1	1	NUM
alces-57	563	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	563	6	8	8	NUM
alces-57	563	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	564	1	saether	saether	NOUN
alces-57	564	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	564	3	b.-e	b.-e	PROPN
alces-57	564	4	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	564	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	564	6	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	564	7	engen	engen	PROPN
alces-57	564	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	564	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	564	10	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	564	11	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	564	12	solberg	solberg	PROPN
alces-57	564	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	565	1	2001	2001	NUM
alces-57	565	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	566	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	566	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	566	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	566	4	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	566	5	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	566	6	structured	structure	VERB
alces-57	566	7	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	566	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	566	9	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	566	10	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	566	11	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	566	12	in	in	ADP
alces-57	566	13	a	a	DET
alces-57	566	14	fluctuating	fluctuate	VERB
alces-57	566	15	environment	environment	NOUN
alces-57	566	16	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	567	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	567	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	567	3	7	7	NUM
alces-57	567	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	567	5	171	171	NUM
alces-57	567	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	567	7	179	179	NUM
alces-57	567	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	568	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	569	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	570	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	571	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	572	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	572	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	572	3	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	572	4	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	572	5	solberg	solberg	PROPN
alces-57	572	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	572	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	572	8	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	572	9	heim	heim	PROPN
alces-57	572	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	572	11	2003	2003	NUM
alces-57	572	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	573	1	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	573	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	573	3	altering	alter	VERB
alces-57	573	4	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	573	5	ratio	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	573	6	structure	structure	NOUN
alces-57	573	7	on	on	ADP
alces-57	573	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	573	9	demography	demography	NOUN
alces-57	573	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	573	11	an	an	DET
alces-57	573	12	isolated	isolated	ADJ
alces-57	573	13	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	573	14	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	573	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	574	1	journal	journal	PROPN
alces-57	574	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	574	3	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	574	4	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	574	5	67	67	NUM
alces-57	574	6	:	:	SYM
alces-57	574	7	455	455	NUM
alces-57	574	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	574	9	466	466	NUM
alces-57	574	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	575	1	samuel	samuel	PROPN
alces-57	575	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	575	3	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	575	4	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	575	5	2007	2007	NUM
alces-57	575	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	576	1	factors	factor	NOUN
alces-57	576	2	affecting	affect	VERB
alces-57	576	3	epizootics	epizootic	NOUN
alces-57	576	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	576	5	winter	winter	NOUN
alces-57	576	6	ticks	tick	NOUN
alces-57	576	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	576	8	mortality	mortality	NOUN
alces-57	576	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	576	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	576	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	577	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	577	2	43	43	NUM
alces-57	577	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	577	4	39	39	NUM
alces-57	577	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	577	6	48	48	NUM
alces-57	577	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	578	1	sand	sand	NOUN
alces-57	578	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	578	3	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	578	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	578	5	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	578	6	bergstrüm	bergstrüm	PROPN
alces-57	578	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	578	8	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	578	9	cederlund	cederlund	PROPN
alces-57	578	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	578	11	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	578	12	östergren	östergren	PROPN
alces-57	578	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	578	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	578	15	f.	f.	PROPN
alces-57	578	16	stålfelt	stålfelt	PROPN
alces-57	578	17	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	579	1	1996	1996	NUM
alces-57	579	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	580	1	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	580	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	580	3	dependent	dependent	ADJ
alces-57	580	4	variation	variation	NOUN
alces-57	580	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	580	6	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	580	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	580	8	body	body	NOUN
alces-57	580	9	mass	mass	NOUN
alces-57	580	10	in	in	ADP
alces-57	580	11	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	580	12	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	580	13	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	580	14	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	580	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	581	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	581	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	581	3	2	2	NUM
alces-57	581	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	581	5	233	233	NUM
alces-57	581	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	581	7	245	245	NUM
alces-57	581	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	582	1	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
alces-57	582	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	582	3	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	582	4	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	582	5	1992	1992	NUM
alces-57	582	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	583	1	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
alces-57	583	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	583	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	583	4	north	north	ADJ
alces-57	583	5	american	american	ADJ
alces-57	583	6	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	583	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	584	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	584	2	28	28	NUM
alces-57	584	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	584	4	165	165	NUM
alces-57	584	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	584	6	173	173	NUM
alces-57	584	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	585	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	586	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	587	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	588	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	588	2	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	588	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	588	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	588	5	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	588	6	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	588	7	franzmann	franzmann	PROPN
alces-57	588	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	589	1	1998	1998	NUM
alces-57	589	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	590	1	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	590	2	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	590	3	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	590	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	590	5	the	the	DET
alces-57	590	6	north	north	ADJ
alces-57	590	7	american	american	ADJ
alces-57	590	8	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	590	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	591	1	smithsonian	smithsonian	PROPN
alces-57	591	2	institution	institution	PROPN
alces-57	591	3	press	press	PROPN
alces-57	591	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	591	5	washington	washington	PROPN
alces-57	591	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	591	7	d.c	d.c	PROPN
alces-57	591	8	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	591	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	591	10	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	591	11	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	591	12	sinclair	sinclair	PROPN
alces-57	591	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	591	14	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	591	15	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	591	16	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	591	17	1989	1989	PROPN
alces-57	591	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	592	1	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	592	2	regulation	regulation	NOUN
alces-57	592	3	in	in	ADP
alces-57	592	4	animals	animal	NOUN
alces-57	592	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	593	1	pages	page	NOUN
alces-57	593	2	197	197	NUM
alces-57	593	3	-	-	SYM
alces-57	593	4	241	241	NUM
alces-57	593	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	593	6	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	593	7	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	593	8	cherrett	cherrett	PROPN
alces-57	593	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	593	10	editor	editor	NOUN
alces-57	593	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	594	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	594	2	concepts	concept	NOUN
alces-57	594	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	594	4	blackwell	blackwell	NOUN
alces-57	594	5	science	science	NOUN
alces-57	594	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	594	7	oxford	oxford	PROPN
alces-57	594	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	594	9	uk	uk	PROPN
alces-57	594	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	594	11	skalski	skalski	PROPN
alces-57	594	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	594	13	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	594	14	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	594	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	594	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	594	17	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	594	18	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	594	19	millspaugh	millspaugh	PROPN
alces-57	594	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	595	1	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	595	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	596	1	generic	generic	ADJ
alces-57	596	2	variance	variance	NOUN
alces-57	596	3	expressions	expression	NOUN
alces-57	596	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	596	5	precision	precision	NOUN
alces-57	596	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	596	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	596	8	sampling	sample	VERB
alces-57	596	9	optimization	optimization	NOUN
alces-57	596	10	for	for	ADP
alces-57	596	11	the	the	DET
alces-57	596	12	sexage	sexage	NOUN
alces-57	596	13	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	596	14	kill	kill	NOUN
alces-57	596	15	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	596	16	of	of	ADP
alces-57	596	17	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	596	18	reconstruction	reconstruction	NOUN
alces-57	596	19	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	597	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	597	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	597	3	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	597	4	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	597	5	66	66	NUM
alces-57	597	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	597	7	1308	1308	NUM
alces-57	597	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	597	9	1316	1316	NUM
alces-57	597	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	598	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	599	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	600	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	601	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	602	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	602	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	602	3	k.	k.	PROPN
alces-57	602	4	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	602	5	ryding	ryding	PROPN
alces-57	602	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	602	7	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	602	8	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	602	9	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	602	10	millspaugh	millspaugh	PROPN
alces-57	602	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	603	1	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	603	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	604	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	604	2	demography	demography	NOUN
alces-57	604	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	604	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	604	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	604	6	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	604	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	604	8	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	604	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	604	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	604	11	count	count	NOUN
alces-57	604	12	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	604	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	605	1	elsevier	elsevier	PROPN
alces-57	605	2	academic	academic	PROPN
alces-57	605	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	605	4	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	605	5	york	york	PROPN
alces-57	605	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	605	7	new	new	PROPN
alces-57	605	8	york	york	PROPN
alces-57	605	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	605	10	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	605	11	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	605	12	solberg	solberg	PROPN
alces-57	605	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	605	14	e.	e.	PROPN
alces-57	605	15	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	605	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	605	17	b.-e	b.-e	PROPN
alces-57	605	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	606	1	saether	saether	PROPN
alces-57	606	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	606	3	o.	o.	NOUN
alces-57	606	4	strand	strand	PROPN
alces-57	606	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	606	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	606	7	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	606	8	loison	loison	PROPN
alces-57	606	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	607	1	1999	1999	NUM
alces-57	607	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	608	1	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
alces-57	608	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	608	3	a	a	DET
alces-57	608	4	harvested	harvest	VERB
alces-57	608	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	608	6	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	608	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	608	8	a	a	DET
alces-57	608	9	variable	variable	ADJ
alces-57	608	10	environment	environment	NOUN
alces-57	608	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	609	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	609	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	609	3	animal	animal	NOUN
alces-57	609	4	ecology	ecology	NOUN
alces-57	609	5	68	68	NUM
alces-57	609	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	609	7	186	186	NUM
alces-57	609	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	609	9	204	204	NUM
alces-57	609	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	610	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	611	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	612	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	613	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	614	1	_	_	PUNCT
alces-57	614	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	614	3	a.	a.	PROPN
alces-57	614	4	loison	loison	PROPN
alces-57	614	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	614	6	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	614	7	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	614	8	ringsby	ringsby	PROPN
alces-57	614	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	614	10	b.-e	b.-e	PROPN
alces-57	614	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	615	1	saether	saether	PROPN
alces-57	615	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	615	3	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	615	4	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	615	5	heim	heim	PROPN
alces-57	615	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	615	7	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	615	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	616	1	biased	biased	ADJ
alces-57	616	2	adult	adult	NOUN
alces-57	616	3	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	616	4	ratio	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	616	5	can	can	AUX
alces-57	616	6	affect	affect	VERB
alces-57	616	7	fecundity	fecundity	NOUN
alces-57	616	8	in	in	ADP
alces-57	616	9	primiparous	primiparous	ADJ
alces-57	616	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	616	11	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	616	12	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	616	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	617	1	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	617	2	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	617	3	8	8	NUM
alces-57	617	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	617	5	117	117	NUM
alces-57	617	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	617	7	128	128	NUM
alces-57	617	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	617	9	stelfox	stelfox	NOUN
alces-57	617	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	617	11	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	617	12	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	617	13	1993	1993	NUM
alces-57	617	14	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	618	1	hoofed	hoofed	NOUN
alces-57	618	2	mammals	mammal	NOUN
alces-57	618	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	618	4	alberta	alberta	PROPN
alces-57	618	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	619	1	lone	lone	ADJ
alces-57	619	2	pine	pine	PROPN
alces-57	619	3	publishing	publishing	NOUN
alces-57	619	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	619	5	vancouver	vancouver	PROPN
alces-57	619	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	619	7	british	british	PROPN
alces-57	619	8	columbia	columbia	PROPN
alces-57	619	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	619	10	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	619	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	620	1	stephenson	stephenson	PROPN
alces-57	620	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	620	3	t.	t.	PROPN
alces-57	620	4	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	620	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	620	6	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	620	7	w.	w.	PROPN
alces-57	620	8	testa	testa	PROPN
alces-57	620	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	620	10	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	620	11	p.	p.	PROPN
alces-57	620	12	adams	adams	PROPN
alces-57	620	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	620	14	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	620	15	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	620	16	sasser	sasser	PROPN
alces-57	620	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	620	18	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	620	19	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	620	20	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
alces-57	620	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	620	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	620	23	k.	k.	PROPN
alces-57	620	24	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	620	25	hundertmark	hundertmark	PROPN
alces-57	620	26	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	621	1	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	621	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	622	1	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
alces-57	622	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	622	3	pregnancy	pregnancy	NOUN
alces-57	622	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	622	5	twinning	twin	VERB
alces-57	622	6	in	in	ADP
alces-57	622	7	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	622	8	by	by	ADP
alces-57	622	9	ultrasonography	ultrasonography	NOUN
alces-57	622	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	622	11	serum	serum	NOUN
alces-57	622	12	assay	assay	PROPN
alces-57	622	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	623	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	623	2	31	31	NUM
alces-57	623	3	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	623	4	167	167	NUM
alces-57	623	5	-	-	SYM
alces-57	623	6	172	172	NUM
alces-57	623	7	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	624	1	stewart	stewart	PROPN
alces-57	624	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	624	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	624	4	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	624	5	1985	1985	NUM
alces-57	624	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	625	1	a	a	DET
alces-57	625	2	sexand	sexand	PROPN
alces-57	625	3	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	625	4	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	625	5	selective	selective	ADJ
alces-57	625	6	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	625	7	strategy	strategy	NOUN
alces-57	625	8	for	for	ADP
alces-57	625	9	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	625	10	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	625	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	625	12	saskatchewan	saskatchewan	PROPN
alces-57	625	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	626	1	pages	page	NOUN
alces-57	626	2	229	229	NUM
alces-57	626	3	-	-	SYM
alces-57	626	4	238	238	NUM
alces-57	626	5	in	in	ADP
alces-57	626	6	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	626	7	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	626	8	beason	beason	PROPN
alces-57	626	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	626	10	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	626	11	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	626	12	robertson	robertson	PROPN
alces-57	626	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	626	14	editors	editor	NOUN
alces-57	626	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	627	1	game	game	NOUN
alces-57	627	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	627	3	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	627	4	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	628	1	proceedings	proceeding	NOUN
alces-57	628	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	628	3	third	third	ADJ
alces-57	628	4	international	international	ADJ
alces-57	628	5	symposium	symposium	NOUN
alces-57	628	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	628	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	628	8	ceasar	ceasar	NOUN
alces-57	628	9	kleberg	kleberg	PROPN
alces-57	628	10	wildlife	wildlife	PROPN
alces-57	628	11	research	research	PROPN
alces-57	628	12	institute	institute	NOUN
alces-57	628	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	628	14	3	3	PROPN
alces-57	628	15	-	-	SYM
alces-57	628	16	6	6	NUM
alces-57	628	17	october	october	PROPN
alces-57	628	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	628	19	1983	1983	NUM
alces-57	628	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	629	1	texas	texas	PROPN
alces-57	629	2	a&i	a&i	PROPN
alces-57	629	3	university	university	PROPN
alces-57	629	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	5	kingsville	kingsville	PROPN
alces-57	629	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	7	texas	texas	PROPN
alces-57	629	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	9	usa	usa	PROPN
alces-57	629	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	629	11	taylor	taylor	PROPN
alces-57	629	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	13	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	629	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	15	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	629	16	kuc	kuc	PROPN
alces-57	629	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	18	m.	m.	NOUN
alces-57	629	19	obbard	obbard	PROPN
alces-57	629	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	21	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	629	22	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	629	23	cluff	cluff	PROPN
alces-57	629	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	629	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	629	26	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	629	27	pond	pond	PROPN
alces-57	629	28	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	629	29	2000	2000	NUM
alces-57	629	30	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	630	1	<	<	X
alces-57	630	2	http://riskman.nrdpfc.ca/downloads/riskanalysis	http://riskman.nrdpfc.ca/downloads/riskanalysis	X
alces-57	630	3	>	>	X
alces-57	630	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	630	5	accessed	access	VERB
alces-57	630	6	may	may	PROPN
alces-57	630	7	2009	2009	NUM
alces-57	630	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	630	9	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	631	1	thomson	thomson	PROPN
alces-57	631	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	631	3	r.	r.	PROPN
alces-57	631	4	n.	n.	PROPN
alces-57	631	5	1991	1991	NUM
alces-57	631	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	632	1	an	an	DET
alces-57	632	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
alces-57	632	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	632	4	the	the	DET
alces-57	632	5	influence	influence	NOUN
alces-57	632	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	632	7	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	632	8	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	632	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	632	10	sex	sex	NOUN
alces-57	632	11	ratios	ratio	NOUN
alces-57	632	12	on	on	ADP
alces-57	632	13	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
alces-57	632	14	in	in	ADP
alces-57	632	15	british	british	PROPN
alces-57	632	16	columbia	columbia	PROPN
alces-57	632	17	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	632	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	632	19	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	632	20	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	632	21	l.	l.	PROPN
alces-57	632	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	632	23	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	632	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	633	1	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	633	2	sc	sc	PROPN
alces-57	633	3	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	634	1	thesis	thesis	PROPN
alces-57	634	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	634	3	university	university	PROPN
alces-57	634	4	of	of	ADP
alces-57	634	5	british	british	PROPN
alces-57	634	6	columbia	columbia	PROPN
alces-57	634	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	634	8	victoria	victoria	PROPN
alces-57	634	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	634	10	canada	canada	PROPN
alces-57	634	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	635	1	tong	tong	PROPN
alces-57	635	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	635	3	h.	h.	PROPN
alces-57	635	4	1990	1990	NUM
alces-57	635	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	636	1	non	non	ADJ
alces-57	636	2	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	636	3	linear	linear	ADJ
alces-57	636	4	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	636	5	series	series	NOUN
alces-57	636	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	636	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	636	8	dynamical	dynamical	ADJ
alces-57	636	9	system	system	NOUN
alces-57	636	10	approach	approach	NOUN
alces-57	636	11	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	637	1	clarendon	clarendon	PROPN
alces-57	637	2	press	press	PROPN
alces-57	637	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	637	4	oxford	oxford	PROPN
alces-57	637	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	637	6	uk	uk	PROPN
alces-57	637	7	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	638	1	van	van	PROPN
alces-57	638	2	ballenberghe	ballenberghe	NOUN
alces-57	638	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	638	4	v.	v.	ADP
alces-57	638	5	1987	1987	NUM
alces-57	638	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	639	1	effects	effect	NOUN
alces-57	639	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	639	3	predation	predation	NOUN
alces-57	639	4	on	on	ADP
alces-57	639	5	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	639	6	numbers	number	NOUN
alces-57	639	7	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	639	8	a	a	DET
alces-57	639	9	review	review	NOUN
alces-57	639	10	of	of	ADP
alces-57	639	11	recent	recent	ADJ
alces-57	639	12	north	north	ADJ
alces-57	639	13	american	american	ADJ
alces-57	639	14	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	639	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	640	1	swedish	swedish	ADJ
alces-57	640	2	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	640	3	research	research	NOUN
alces-57	640	4	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	640	5	supplement	supplement	NOUN
alces-57	640	6	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	640	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	640	8	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	640	9	431	431	NUM
alces-57	640	10	-	-	SYM
alces-57	640	11	460	460	NUM
alces-57	640	12	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	641	1	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	641	2	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	641	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	641	4	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	641	5	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	641	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	641	7	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	641	8	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	641	9	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	641	10	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	641	11	46	46	NUM
alces-57	641	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	641	13	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	641	14	32	32	NUM
alces-57	641	15	varley	varley	NOUN
alces-57	641	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	641	17	n.	n.	NOUN
alces-57	641	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	641	19	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	641	20	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	641	21	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	641	22	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	641	23	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	642	1	2006	2006	NUM
alces-57	642	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	643	1	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
alces-57	643	2	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	643	3	for	for	ADP
alces-57	643	4	reintroductions	reintroduction	NOUN
alces-57	643	5	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	643	6	updating	update	VERB
alces-57	643	7	a	a	DET
alces-57	643	8	wolf	wolf	NOUN
alces-57	643	9	recovery	recovery	NOUN
alces-57	643	10	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	643	11	for	for	ADP
alces-57	643	12	yellowstone	yellowstone	PROPN
alces-57	643	13	national	national	PROPN
alces-57	643	14	park	park	PROPN
alces-57	643	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	644	1	ecological	ecological	ADJ
alces-57	644	2	modelling	model	VERB
alces-57	644	3	193	193	NUM
alces-57	644	4	:	:	SYM
alces-57	644	5	315	315	NUM
alces-57	644	6	-	-	SYM
alces-57	644	7	339	339	NUM
alces-57	644	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	645	1	walters	walters	PROPN
alces-57	645	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	645	3	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	645	4	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	645	5	1986	1986	NUM
alces-57	645	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	646	1	adaptive	adaptive	ADJ
alces-57	646	2	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	646	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	646	4	renewable	renewable	ADJ
alces-57	646	5	resources	resource	NOUN
alces-57	646	6	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	647	1	collier	collier	PROPN
alces-57	647	2	macmillan	macmillan	PROPN
alces-57	647	3	publishers	publishers	PROPN
alces-57	647	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	647	5	london	london	PROPN
alces-57	647	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	647	7	uk	uk	PROPN
alces-57	647	8	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	647	9	white	white	PROPN
alces-57	647	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	647	11	g.	g.	PROPN
alces-57	647	12	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	647	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	647	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	647	15	b.	b.	PROPN
alces-57	647	16	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	647	17	lubow	lubow	PROPN
alces-57	647	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	648	1	2002	2002	NUM
alces-57	648	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	649	1	fitting	fitting	ADJ
alces-57	649	2	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	649	3	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	649	4	to	to	ADP
alces-57	649	5	multiple	multiple	ADJ
alces-57	649	6	sources	source	NOUN
alces-57	649	7	of	of	ADP
alces-57	649	8	observed	observed	ADJ
alces-57	649	9	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	649	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	650	1	journal	journal	PROPN
alces-57	650	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	650	3	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN
alces-57	650	4	management	management	NOUN
alces-57	650	5	66	66	NUM
alces-57	650	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	650	7	300	300	NUM
alces-57	650	8	-	-	NUM
alces-57	650	9	309	309	NUM
alces-57	650	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	651	1	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	651	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	651	3	c.	c.	PROPN
alces-57	651	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	651	5	m.	m.	PROPN
alces-57	651	6	s.	s.	PROPN
alces-57	651	7	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	651	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	651	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	651	10	d.	d.	PROPN
alces-57	651	11	j.	j.	PROPN
alces-57	651	12	daley	daley	PROPN
alces-57	651	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	652	1	2005	2005	NUM
alces-57	652	2	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	653	1	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	653	2	in	in	ADP
alces-57	653	3	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ
alces-57	653	4	environments	environment	NOUN
alces-57	653	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	654	1	journal	journal	NOUN
alces-57	654	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	654	3	mathematical	mathematical	ADJ
alces-57	654	4	biology	biology	NOUN
alces-57	654	5	50	50	NUM
alces-57	654	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	654	7	663	663	NUM
alces-57	654	8	-	-	SYM
alces-57	654	9	682	682	NUM
alces-57	654	10	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	655	1	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	655	2	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	655	3	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	656	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	656	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	656	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	656	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	656	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	656	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	656	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	656	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	656	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	656	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	656	11	33	33	NUM
alces-57	656	12	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	656	13	1	1	NUM
alces-57	656	14	this	this	DET
alces-57	656	15	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	656	16	is	be	AUX
alces-57	656	17	to	to	PART
alces-57	656	18	derive	derive	VERB
alces-57	656	19	the	the	DET
alces-57	656	20	relationships	relationship	NOUN
alces-57	656	21	between	between	ADP
alces-57	656	22	some	some	PRON
alces-57	656	23	of	of	ADP
alces-57	656	24	the	the	DET
alces-57	656	25	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	656	26	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	656	27	using	use	VERB
alces-57	656	28	the	the	DET
alces-57	656	29	condition	condition	NOUN
alces-57	656	30	that	that	SCONJ
alces-57	656	31	the	the	DET
alces-57	656	32	modeled	model	VERB
alces-57	656	33	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	656	34	represented	represent	VERB
alces-57	656	35	by	by	ADP
alces-57	656	36	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	656	37	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	656	38	2	2	X
alces-57	656	39	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	656	40	will	will	AUX
alces-57	656	41	stay	stay	VERB
alces-57	656	42	at	at	ADP
alces-57	656	43	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	656	44	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	656	45	with	with	ADP
alces-57	656	46	stable	stable	ADJ
alces-57	656	47	age	age	NOUN
alces-57	656	48	distribution	distribution	NOUN
alces-57	656	49	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	656	50	there	there	PRON
alces-57	656	51	is	be	VERB
alces-57	656	52	no	no	DET
alces-57	656	53	harvesting	harvesting	NOUN
alces-57	656	54	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	657	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	657	2	transition	transition	NOUN
alces-57	657	3	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	657	4	at	at	ADP
alces-57	657	5	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	657	6	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	657	7	then	then	ADV
alces-57	657	8	becomes	become	VERB
alces-57	657	9	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	657	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	657	11	s1	s1	NOUN
alces-57	657	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	657	13	where	where	SCONJ
alces-57	657	14	the	the	DET
alces-57	657	15	dominant	dominant	ADJ
alces-57	657	16	eigenvalue	eigenvalue	PROPN
alces-57	657	17	is	be	AUX
alces-57	657	18	equal	equal	ADJ
alces-57	657	19	to	to	ADP
alces-57	657	20	1.0	1.0	NUM
alces-57	657	21	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	658	1	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	658	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	658	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	658	4	abundances	abundance	NOUN
alces-57	658	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	658	6	calves	calf	NOUN
alces-57	658	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	658	8	females	female	NOUN
alces-57	658	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	658	10	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	658	11	males	male	NOUN
alces-57	658	12	at	at	ADP
alces-57	658	13	carrying	carry	VERB
alces-57	658	14	capacity	capacity	NOUN
alces-57	658	15	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	659	1	because	because	SCONJ
alces-57	659	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	659	3	we	we	PRON
alces-57	659	4	designate	designate	VERB
alces-57	659	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	659	6	have	have	VERB
alces-57	659	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	659	8	following	follow	VERB
alces-57	659	9	constraints	constraint	NOUN
alces-57	659	10	for	for	ADP
alces-57	659	11	αi	αi	NOUN
alces-57	659	12	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	659	13	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	659	14	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	659	15	0	0	NUM
alces-57	659	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	659	17	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	659	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	659	19	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	659	20	):	):	PUNCT
alces-57	659	21	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	659	22	s2	s2	PROPN
alces-57	659	23	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	659	24	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	659	25	s3	s3	PROPN
alces-57	659	26	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	659	27	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	659	28	s4	s4	PROPN
alces-57	659	29	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	660	1	αi	αi	VERB
alces-57	661	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	661	2	i	i	NOUN
alces-57	661	3	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	661	4	0	0	NUM
alces-57	661	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	661	6	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	661	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	661	8	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	661	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	661	10	should	should	AUX
alces-57	661	11	be	be	AUX
alces-57	661	12	positive	positive	ADJ
alces-57	661	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	661	14	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
alces-57	661	15	populations	population	NOUN
alces-57	661	16	go	go	VERB
alces-57	661	17	through	through	ADP
alces-57	661	18	positive	positive	ADJ
alces-57	661	19	density	density	NOUN
alces-57	661	20	dependence	dependence	NOUN
alces-57	661	21	in	in	ADP
alces-57	661	22	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
alces-57	661	23	or	or	CCONJ
alces-57	661	24	survival	survival	NOUN
alces-57	661	25	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	662	1	appendix	appendix	VERB
alces-57	662	2	2	2	NUM
alces-57	662	3	this	this	DET
alces-57	662	4	appendix	appendix	NOUN
alces-57	662	5	presents	present	VERB
alces-57	662	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	662	7	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	662	8	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	662	9	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	662	10	as	as	ADV
alces-57	662	11	well	well	ADV
alces-57	662	12	as	as	ADP
alces-57	662	13	stochastic	stochastic	NOUN
alces-57	662	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	662	15	derived	derive	VERB
alces-57	662	16	from	from	ADP
alces-57	662	17	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	662	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	662	19	2	2	NUM
alces-57	662	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	662	21	which	which	PRON
alces-57	662	22	we	we	PRON
alces-57	662	23	use	use	VERB
alces-57	662	24	to	to	PART
alces-57	662	25	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	662	26	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	662	27	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	662	28	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	662	29	conduct	conduct	VERB
alces-57	662	30	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	662	31	simulations	simulation	NOUN
alces-57	662	32	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	663	1	rewrite	rewrite	VERB
alces-57	663	2	equation	equation	NOUN
alces-57	663	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	663	4	2	2	NUM
alces-57	663	5	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	663	6	as	as	ADP
alces-57	663	7	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	663	8	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	663	9	s5	s5	PROPN
alces-57	663	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	663	11	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	663	12	s6	s6	PROPN
alces-57	663	13	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	663	14	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	663	15	s7	s7	NOUN
alces-57	663	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	663	17	aat	aat	PROPN
alces-57	663	18	≡	≡	PROPN
alces-57	663	19			NOUN
alces-57	663	20			VERB
alces-57	663	21			NOUN
alces-57	663	22			PUNCT
alces-57	664	1			PROPN
alces-57	664	2			PROPN
alces-57	664	3			NOUN
alces-57	664	4			NOUN
alces-57	664	5			NOUN
alces-57	664	6			NOUN
alces-57	664	7	−	−	ADP
alces-57	664	8	−	−	PROPN
alces-57	664	9	−	−	PROPN
alces-57	664	10	mcm	mcm	PROPN
alces-57	664	11	fcf	fcf	PROPN
alces-57	664	12	ses	se	NOUN
alces-57	664	13	ses	se	NOUN
alces-57	664	14	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	664	15	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	664	16	0)1	0)1	PROPN
alces-57	664	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	664	18	0	0	NUM
alces-57	664	19	00	00	NUM
alces-57	664	20	0	0	NUM
alces-57	665	1	α	α	PRON
alces-57	665	2	α	α	NOUN
alces-57	665	3	δ	δ	NOUN
alces-57	665	4	δ	δ	X
alces-57	665	5	α	α	NOUN
alces-57	665	6	=	=	PUNCT
alces-57	666	1	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	666	2	yn	yn	INTJ
alces-57	666	3	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	667	1	fn	fn	PROPN
alces-57	667	2	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	667	3	mn	mn	PROPN
alces-57	667	4			PROPN
alces-57	667	5			NOUN
alces-57	667	6			VERB
alces-57	667	7			PUNCT
alces-57	668	1			PROPN
alces-57	669	1			INTJ
alces-57	669	2			NOUN
alces-57	669	3			NOUN
alces-57	669	4			NOUN
alces-57	669	5			NOUN
alces-57	669	6	=	=	SYM
alces-57	669	7			NOUN
alces-57	669	8			NOUN
alces-57	669	9			VERB
alces-57	669	10			PUNCT
alces-57	670	1			PROPN
alces-57	671	1			INTJ
alces-57	671	2			NOUN
alces-57	671	3			NOUN
alces-57	671	4			NOUN
alces-57	671	5			VERB
alces-57	671	6	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	672	1	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	673	1	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	674	1	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	1	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	2	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	3	1	1	NUM
alces-57	675	4	m	m	NOUN
alces-57	675	5	f	f	NOUN
alces-57	675	6	y	y	PROPN
alces-57	675	7	m	m	PROPN
alces-57	675	8	f	f	PROPN
alces-57	675	9	y	y	PROPN
alces-57	675	10	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	675	11	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	675	12	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	675	13	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	675	14	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	675	15	n	n	ADV
alces-57	675	16	a	a	PRON
alces-57	675	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	675	18	/	/	PUNCT
alces-57	675	19	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	20	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	21	yffy	yffy	NOUN
alces-57	675	22	nno	nno	PROPN
alces-57	675	23	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	675	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	675	25	/	/	PUNCT
alces-57	675	26	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	27	*	*	PUNCT
alces-57	675	28	ymmy	ymmy	ADJ
alces-57	675	29	nno	nno	PROPN
alces-57	675	30	=	=	PROPN
alces-57	675	31	fyo/10	fyo/10	PROPN
alces-57	675	32	=	=	PROPN
alces-57	675	33	α	α	PROPN
alces-57	675	34	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	675	35	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	675	36			NOUN
alces-57	675	37			NOUN
alces-57	675	38			PUNCT
alces-57	676	1			PROPN
alces-57	676	2			PROPN
alces-57	676	3			NOUN
alces-57	676	4			NOUN
alces-57	676	5			VERB
alces-57	676	6	−	−	NOUN
alces-57	676	7	=	=	SYM
alces-57	676	8	fyf	fyf	NOUN
alces-57	676	9	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	676	10	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	676	11	os	os	NOUN
alces-57	676	12	s	s	PART
alces-57	676	13	1	1	NUM
alces-57	676	14	ln	ln	NOUN
alces-57	676	15	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	676	16	α	α	NOUN
alces-57	676	17	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	676	18	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	676	19			NOUN
alces-57	676	20			NOUN
alces-57	676	21			PUNCT
alces-57	677	1			PROPN
alces-57	677	2			PROPN
alces-57	677	3			NOUN
alces-57	677	4			NOUN
alces-57	677	5			NOUN
alces-57	677	6	−	−	NOUN
alces-57	677	7	−	−	PROPN
alces-57	678	1	=	=	SYM
alces-57	678	2	mym	mym	PROPN
alces-57	678	3	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	678	4	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	678	5	os	os	PROPN
alces-57	678	6	s	s	NOUN
alces-57	678	7	1	1	NUM
alces-57	678	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	678	9	1(ln	1(ln	NUM
alces-57	679	1	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	679	2	α	α	PROPN
alces-57	679	3	tytf	tytf	PROPN
alces-57	680	1	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	680	2	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	680	3	hnpn	hnpn	PROPN
alces-57	680	4	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	680	5	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	680	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	680	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	680	8	01	01	NUM
alces-57	680	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	680	10	0	0	NUM
alces-57	681	1	1exp	1exp	NUM
alces-57	681	2	−	−	NOUN
alces-57	681	3			NOUN
alces-57	681	4			VERB
alces-57	681	5			PUNCT
alces-57	682	1			PROPN
alces-57	682	2			PROPN
alces-57	682	3			NOUN
alces-57	682	4			NOUN
alces-57	682	5			VERB
alces-57	682	6			PROPN
alces-57	682	7			PROPN
alces-57	682	8			PROPN
alces-57	682	9			PROPN
alces-57	682	10			ADJ
alces-57	682	11			ADJ
alces-57	682	12			NUM
alces-57	682	13			NOUN
alces-57	682	14			NOUN
alces-57	682	15			PUNCT
alces-57	683	1			PROPN
alces-57	683	2			NOUN
alces-57	683	3			NOUN
alces-57	683	4	−=+	−=+	NOUN
alces-57	683	5	γ	γ	PROPN
alces-57	683	6	α	α	PROPN
alces-57	683	7	tftffty	tftffty	PROPN
alces-57	683	8	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	683	9	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	683	10	cf	cf	INTJ
alces-57	683	11	tf	tf	PROPN
alces-57	683	12	hnsnsn	hnsnsn	PROPN
alces-57	683	13	cf	cf	PROPN
alces-57	683	14	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	683	15	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	683	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	683	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	683	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	683	19	1	1	NUM
alces-57	683	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	683	21	exp	exp	NOUN
alces-57	683	22	−+	−+	PROPN
alces-57	683	23			NOUN
alces-57	683	24			VERB
alces-57	683	25			PUNCT
alces-57	684	1			PROPN
alces-57	684	2			PROPN
alces-57	684	3			NOUN
alces-57	684	4			NOUN
alces-57	684	5			NOUN
alces-57	684	6			NOUN
alces-57	684	7			PUNCT
alces-57	685	1			PROPN
alces-57	685	2			NOUN
alces-57	685	3			NOUN
alces-57	685	4			VERB
alces-57	685	5	=	=	SYM
alces-57	685	6	+	+	NUM
alces-57	685	7	γ	γ	PROPN
alces-57	685	8	α	α	NOUN
alces-57	685	9	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	686	1	tmtmmty	tmtmmty	NOUN
alces-57	686	2	t	t	NOUN
alces-57	686	3	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	686	4	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	686	5	tm	tm	PROPN
alces-57	686	6	hnsnsn	hnsnsn	PROPN
alces-57	686	7	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	686	8	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	686	9	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	686	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	686	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	686	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	686	13	1	1	NUM
alces-57	686	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	686	15	exp	exp	NOUN
alces-57	686	16	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	686	17	1	1	NUM
alces-57	686	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	686	19	−+	−+	NOUN
alces-57	686	20			NOUN
alces-57	686	21			VERB
alces-57	686	22			PUNCT
alces-57	687	1			PROPN
alces-57	687	2			PROPN
alces-57	687	3			NOUN
alces-57	687	4			NOUN
alces-57	687	5			NOUN
alces-57	687	6			NOUN
alces-57	687	7			PUNCT
alces-57	688	1			PROPN
alces-57	688	2			NOUN
alces-57	688	3			NOUN
alces-57	688	4			VERB
alces-57	688	5	−=+	−=+	NOUN
alces-57	688	6	γ	γ	PROPN
alces-57	688	7	α	α	PRON
alces-57	688	8	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	688	9	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	688	10	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	688	11	of	of	ADP
alces-57	688	12	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	688	13	xu	xu	PROPN
alces-57	688	14	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	688	15	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	688	16	alces	alces	PROPN
alces-57	688	17	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	688	18	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	689	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	689	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	689	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	689	4	34	34	NUM
alces-57	689	5	to	to	PART
alces-57	689	6	connect	connect	VERB
alces-57	689	7	the	the	DET
alces-57	689	8	deterministic	deterministic	ADJ
alces-57	689	9	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	689	10	with	with	ADP
alces-57	689	11	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	689	12	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	689	13	series	series	NOUN
alces-57	689	14	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	689	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	689	16	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	689	17	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	689	18	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	689	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	689	20	we	we	PRON
alces-57	689	21	add	add	VERB
alces-57	689	22	noise	noise	NOUN
alces-57	689	23	on	on	ADP
alces-57	689	24	a	a	DET
alces-57	689	25	logarithmic	logarithmic	ADJ
alces-57	689	26	scale	scale	NOUN
alces-57	689	27	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	690	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	690	2	noise	noise	NOUN
alces-57	690	3	structure	structure	NOUN
alces-57	690	4	is	be	AUX
alces-57	690	5	realistic	realistic	ADJ
alces-57	690	6	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	690	7	corresponds	correspond	VERB
alces-57	690	8	to	to	ADP
alces-57	690	9	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	690	10	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	690	11	type	type	NOUN
alces-57	690	12	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
alces-57	690	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	690	14	dennis	dennis	PROPN
alces-57	690	15	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	690	16	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	690	17	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	690	18	1991	1991	NUM
alces-57	690	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	690	20	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	690	21	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	690	22	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	691	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	691	2	variability	variability	NOUN
alces-57	691	3	component	component	NOUN
alces-57	691	4	due	due	ADP
alces-57	691	5	to	to	ADP
alces-57	691	6	environmental	environmental	ADJ
alces-57	691	7	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
alces-57	691	8	is	be	AUX
alces-57	691	9	expected	expect	VERB
alces-57	691	10	to	to	PART
alces-57	691	11	outweigh	outweigh	VERB
alces-57	691	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	691	13	component	component	NOUN
alces-57	691	14	due	due	ADP
alces-57	691	15	to	to	ADP
alces-57	691	16	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	691	17	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
alces-57	691	18	at	at	ADP
alces-57	691	19	large	large	ADJ
alces-57	691	20	population	population	NOUN
alces-57	691	21	sizes	size	NOUN
alces-57	691	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	691	23	dennis	dennis	PROPN
alces-57	691	24	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	691	25	costantino	costantino	PROPN
alces-57	691	26	1988	1988	NUM
alces-57	691	27	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	691	28	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	692	1	the	the	DET
alces-57	692	2	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
alces-57	692	3	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	692	4	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	692	5	becomes	become	VERB
alces-57	692	6	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	692	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	8	s8	s8	PROPN
alces-57	692	9	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	10	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	11	s9	s9	ADV
alces-57	692	12	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	14	s10	s10	NOUN
alces-57	692	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	16	take	take	VERB
alces-57	692	17	a	a	DET
alces-57	692	18	logarithmic	logarithmic	ADJ
alces-57	692	19	transformation	transformation	NOUN
alces-57	692	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	692	21	substitute	substitute	NOUN
alces-57	692	22	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	692	23	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	24	s3)-(s4	s3)-(s4	NOUN
alces-57	692	25	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	26	into	into	ADP
alces-57	692	27	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	692	28	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	29	s9)-(s10	s9)-(s10	NOUN
alces-57	692	30	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	31	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	692	32	to	to	PART
alces-57	692	33	yield	yield	VERB
alces-57	692	34	the	the	DET
alces-57	692	35	following	follow	VERB
alces-57	692	36	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	692	37	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	692	38	after	after	ADP
alces-57	692	39	rearrangement	rearrangement	NOUN
alces-57	692	40	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	692	41	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	42	s11	s11	PROPN
alces-57	692	43	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	44	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	45	s12	s12	PROPN
alces-57	692	46	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	47	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	692	48	s13	s13	NOUN
alces-57	692	49	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	692	50	thereby	thereby	ADV
alces-57	692	51	producing	produce	VERB
alces-57	692	52	a	a	DET
alces-57	692	53	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
alces-57	692	54	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	692	55	multi	multi	ADJ
alces-57	692	56	-	-	ADJ
alces-57	692	57	variable	variable	ADJ
alces-57	692	58	autoregressive	autoregressive	ADJ
alces-57	692	59	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	692	60	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	693	1	development	development	NOUN
alces-57	693	2	of	of	ADP
alces-57	693	3	statistical	statistical	ADJ
alces-57	693	4	methods	method	NOUN
alces-57	693	5	for	for	ADP
alces-57	693	6	nonlinear	nonlinear	ADJ
alces-57	693	7	autoregressive	autoregressive	ADJ
alces-57	693	8	models	model	NOUN
alces-57	693	9	has	have	AUX
alces-57	693	10	received	receive	VERB
alces-57	693	11	much	much	ADJ
alces-57	693	12	attention	attention	NOUN
alces-57	693	13	in	in	ADP
alces-57	693	14	recent	recent	ADJ
alces-57	693	15	years	year	NOUN
alces-57	693	16	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	693	17	tong	tong	NOUN
alces-57	693	18	1990	1990	NUM
alces-57	693	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	693	20	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	694	1	et	et	X
alces-57	695	1	=	=	PUNCT
alces-57	696	1	[	[	X
alces-57	696	2	ey	ey	NOUN
alces-57	696	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	696	4	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	696	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	696	6	ef	ef	PROPN
alces-57	696	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	696	8	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	696	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	696	10	em	em	PROPN
alces-57	696	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	696	12	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	696	13	]	]	X
alces-57	696	14	'	'	PUNCT
alces-57	696	15	is	be	AUX
alces-57	696	16	a	a	DET
alces-57	696	17	random	random	ADJ
alces-57	696	18	noise	noise	NOUN
alces-57	696	19	vector	vector	NOUN
alces-57	696	20	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	696	21	is	be	AUX
alces-57	696	22	assumed	assume	VERB
alces-57	696	23	to	to	PART
alces-57	696	24	have	have	VERB
alces-57	696	25	a	a	DET
alces-57	696	26	trivariate	trivariate	NOUN
alces-57	696	27	normal	normal	ADJ
alces-57	696	28	distribution	distribution	NOUN
alces-57	696	29	with	with	ADP
alces-57	696	30	a	a	DET
alces-57	696	31	mean	mean	ADJ
alces-57	696	32	vector	vector	NOUN
alces-57	696	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	696	34	0	0	NUM
alces-57	696	35	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	696	36	a	a	DET
alces-57	696	37	variance	variance	NOUN
alces-57	696	38	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	696	39	covariance	covariance	NOUN
alces-57	696	40	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	696	41	of	of	ADP
alces-57	696	42	σ	σ	PROPN
alces-57	696	43	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	697	1	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
alces-57	697	2	elements	element	NOUN
alces-57	697	3	of	of	ADP
alces-57	697	4	σ	σ	NOUN
alces-57	697	5	are	be	AUX
alces-57	697	6	represented	represent	VERB
alces-57	697	7	by	by	ADP
alces-57	697	8	variances	variance	NOUN
alces-57	697	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	697	10	ey	ey	X
alces-57	697	11	=	=	SYM
alces-57	698	1	[	[	X
alces-57	698	2	ey,1	ey,1	PROPN
alces-57	698	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	698	4	ey,2	ey,2	NOUN
alces-57	698	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	698	6	...	...	PUNCT
alces-57	698	7	]	]	X
alces-57	698	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	698	9	ef	ef	X
alces-57	698	10	=	=	PUNCT
alces-57	699	1	[	[	X
alces-57	699	2	ef,1	ef,1	NUM
alces-57	699	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	699	4	ef,2	ef,2	PROPN
alces-57	699	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	699	6	...	...	PUNCT
alces-57	699	7	]	]	X
alces-57	699	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	699	9	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	699	10	em	em	PRON
alces-57	699	11	=	=	SYM
alces-57	700	1	[	[	X
alces-57	700	2	em,1	em,1	PROPN
alces-57	700	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	700	4	em,2	em,2	ADJ
alces-57	700	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	700	6	...	...	PUNCT
alces-57	700	7	]	]	X
alces-57	700	8	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	701	1	off	off	ADP
alces-57	701	2	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	701	3	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
alces-57	701	4	elements	element	NOUN
alces-57	701	5	of	of	ADP
alces-57	701	6	σ	σ	NOUN
alces-57	701	7	are	be	AUX
alces-57	701	8	represented	represent	VERB
alces-57	701	9	by	by	ADP
alces-57	701	10	covariances	covariance	NOUN
alces-57	701	11	among	among	ADP
alces-57	701	12	ey	ey	PROPN
alces-57	701	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	701	14	ef	ef	PROPN
alces-57	701	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	701	16	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	701	17	em	em	PRON
alces-57	701	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	702	1	e1	e1	PROPN
alces-57	702	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	702	3	e2	e2	NOUN
alces-57	702	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	702	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	702	6	e	e	X
alces-57	702	7	...	...	PUNCT
alces-57	702	8	are	be	AUX
alces-57	702	9	assumed	assume	VERB
alces-57	702	10	to	to	PART
alces-57	702	11	be	be	AUX
alces-57	702	12	uncorrelated	uncorrelate	VERB
alces-57	702	13	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	702	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	703	1	exp(1exp	exp(1exp	NOUN
alces-57	703	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	703	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	703	4	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	703	5	01	01	NUM
alces-57	703	6	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	703	7	0	0	NUM
alces-57	703	8	tytytf	tytytf	NOUN
alces-57	703	9	t	t	NOUN
alces-57	703	10	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	704	1	ehnpn	ehnpn	PROPN
alces-57	704	2	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	704	3	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	704	4			PROPN
alces-57	704	5			PROPN
alces-57	704	6			PROPN
alces-57	704	7			PROPN
alces-57	704	8			PROPN
alces-57	704	9			VERB
alces-57	704	10			X
alces-57	704	11			NOUN
alces-57	704	12	−	−	NOUN
alces-57	704	13			NOUN
alces-57	704	14			VERB
alces-57	704	15			PUNCT
alces-57	705	1			PROPN
alces-57	705	2			PROPN
alces-57	705	3			NOUN
alces-57	705	4			NOUN
alces-57	705	5			VERB
alces-57	705	6			PROPN
alces-57	705	7			PROPN
alces-57	705	8			PROPN
alces-57	705	9			PROPN
alces-57	705	10			ADJ
alces-57	705	11			ADJ
alces-57	705	12			NUM
alces-57	705	13			NOUN
alces-57	705	14			NOUN
alces-57	705	15			PUNCT
alces-57	706	1			PROPN
alces-57	706	2			NOUN
alces-57	706	3			NOUN
alces-57	706	4	−=+	−=+	NOUN
alces-57	706	5	γ	γ	X
alces-57	706	6	α	α	NOUN
alces-57	706	7	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	706	8	exp	exp	PROPN
alces-57	706	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	706	10	exp	exp	NOUN
alces-57	706	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	706	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	706	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	706	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	706	15	1	1	NUM
alces-57	706	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	706	17	tftftffty	tftftffty	NOUN
alces-57	706	18	t	t	NOUN
alces-57	706	19	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	706	20	cf	cf	INTJ
alces-57	706	21	tf	tf	INTJ
alces-57	706	22	ehnsnsn	ehnsnsn	PROPN
alces-57	706	23	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	706	24	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	706	25	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	706	26			ADJ
alces-57	706	27			PROPN
alces-57	706	28			NOUN
alces-57	706	29			ADJ
alces-57	706	30			NOUN
alces-57	706	31			PROPN
alces-57	706	32			PROPN
alces-57	706	33			PROPN
alces-57	706	34			PROPN
alces-57	706	35			ADJ
alces-57	706	36			PROPN
alces-57	706	37			PROPN
alces-57	706	38			ADP
alces-57	706	39			PROPN
alces-57	706	40	−+	−+	NOUN
alces-57	706	41			NOUN
alces-57	706	42			VERB
alces-57	706	43			PUNCT
alces-57	707	1			PROPN
alces-57	707	2			PROPN
alces-57	707	3			NOUN
alces-57	707	4			NOUN
alces-57	707	5			NOUN
alces-57	707	6			NOUN
alces-57	707	7			PUNCT
alces-57	708	1			PROPN
alces-57	708	2			NOUN
alces-57	708	3			NOUN
alces-57	708	4			VERB
alces-57	708	5	=	=	SYM
alces-57	708	6	+	+	NUM
alces-57	708	7	γ	γ	PROPN
alces-57	708	8	α	α	PROPN
alces-57	708	9	δ	δ	NOUN
alces-57	708	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	708	11	exp	exp	PROPN
alces-57	708	12	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	708	13	exp	exp	NOUN
alces-57	708	14	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	708	15	1	1	NUM
alces-57	708	16	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	708	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	708	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	708	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	708	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	708	21	1	1	NUM
alces-57	708	22	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	708	23	tmtmtmmty	tmtmtmmty	NOUN
alces-57	708	24	t	t	NOUN
alces-57	708	25	cm	cm	NOUN
alces-57	708	26	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	708	27	tm	tm	PROPN
alces-57	708	28	ehnsnsn	ehnsnsn	PROPN
alces-57	708	29	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	708	30	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	708	31	n	n	CCONJ
alces-57	708	32			ADJ
alces-57	708	33			PROPN
alces-57	708	34			NOUN
alces-57	708	35			ADJ
alces-57	708	36			NOUN
alces-57	709	1			PROPN
alces-57	709	2			PROPN
alces-57	709	3			PROPN
alces-57	709	4			PROPN
alces-57	709	5			ADJ
alces-57	709	6			PROPN
alces-57	709	7			PROPN
alces-57	709	8			ADP
alces-57	709	9			PROPN
alces-57	709	10	−+	−+	NOUN
alces-57	709	11			NOUN
alces-57	709	12			VERB
alces-57	709	13			PUNCT
alces-57	710	1			PROPN
alces-57	710	2			PROPN
alces-57	710	3			NOUN
alces-57	710	4			NOUN
alces-57	710	5			NOUN
alces-57	710	6			NOUN
alces-57	710	7			PUNCT
alces-57	711	1			PROPN
alces-57	711	2			NOUN
alces-57	711	3			NOUN
alces-57	711	4			VERB
alces-57	711	5	−=+	−=+	NOUN
alces-57	711	6	γ	γ	PROPN
alces-57	711	7	α	α	PROPN
alces-57	711	8	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	711	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	711	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	711	11	tytytf	tytytf	VERB
alces-57	711	12	t	t	NOUN
alces-57	711	13	ty	ty	INTJ
alces-57	711	14	ehnpn	ehnpn	PROPN
alces-57	711	15	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	711	16	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	711	17	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	711	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	711	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	711	20	01	01	NUM
alces-57	711	21	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	711	22	0	0	NUM
alces-57	712	1	1explnln	1explnln	NUM
alces-57	712	2	+	+	NUM
alces-57	712	3			PROPN
alces-57	712	4			PROPN
alces-57	712	5			PROPN
alces-57	712	6			PROPN
alces-57	712	7			PROPN
alces-57	712	8			VERB
alces-57	712	9			X
alces-57	712	10			NOUN
alces-57	712	11	−	−	NOUN
alces-57	712	12			NOUN
alces-57	712	13			VERB
alces-57	712	14			PUNCT
alces-57	713	1			PROPN
alces-57	713	2			PROPN
alces-57	713	3			NOUN
alces-57	713	4			NOUN
alces-57	713	5			VERB
alces-57	713	6			PROPN
alces-57	713	7			PROPN
alces-57	713	8			PROPN
alces-57	713	9			PROPN
alces-57	713	10			ADJ
alces-57	713	11			ADJ
alces-57	713	12			NUM
alces-57	713	13			NOUN
alces-57	713	14			NOUN
alces-57	713	15			PUNCT
alces-57	714	1			PROPN
alces-57	714	2			NOUN
alces-57	714	3			NOUN
alces-57	714	4	−=+	−=+	NOUN
alces-57	714	5	γ	γ	X
alces-57	714	6	α	α	PROPN
alces-57	714	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	714	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	714	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	714	10	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	714	11	tftftffty	tftftffty	NOUN
alces-57	714	12	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	714	13	fyf	fyf	PROPN
alces-57	714	14	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	714	15	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	714	16	tf	tf	INTJ
alces-57	714	17	ehnsn	ehnsn	NOUN
alces-57	715	1	os	os	NOUN
alces-57	715	2	s	s	X
alces-57	715	3	sn	sn	INTJ
alces-57	715	4	cf	cf	NOUN
alces-57	715	5	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	715	6	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	715	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	715	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	715	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	715	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	715	11	1	1	NUM
alces-57	715	12	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	715	13	1	1	NUM
alces-57	715	14	lnexp	lnexp	PROPN
alces-57	715	15	lnln	lnln	NOUN
alces-57	715	16	+	+	CCONJ
alces-57	715	17			ADJ
alces-57	715	18			ADJ
alces-57	715	19			NOUN
alces-57	715	20			ADJ
alces-57	715	21			NOUN
alces-57	715	22			PROPN
alces-57	715	23			PROPN
alces-57	715	24			PROPN
alces-57	715	25			PROPN
alces-57	715	26			ADJ
alces-57	715	27			PROPN
alces-57	715	28			PROPN
alces-57	715	29			ADP
alces-57	715	30			PROPN
alces-57	715	31	−+	−+	NOUN
alces-57	715	32			NOUN
alces-57	715	33			VERB
alces-57	715	34			PUNCT
alces-57	716	1			PROPN
alces-57	716	2			PROPN
alces-57	716	3			NOUN
alces-57	716	4			NOUN
alces-57	716	5			NOUN
alces-57	716	6			NOUN
alces-57	716	7			PUNCT
alces-57	717	1			PROPN
alces-57	717	2			NOUN
alces-57	718	1			NOUN
alces-57	718	2			VERB
alces-57	718	3			NOUN
alces-57	718	4			NOUN
alces-57	718	5			PUNCT
alces-57	719	1			PROPN
alces-57	719	2			PROPN
alces-57	719	3			NOUN
alces-57	719	4			NOUN
alces-57	719	5			VERB
alces-57	719	6	−	−	VERB
alces-57	720	1	=	=	PRON
alces-57	720	2	+	+	PROPN
alces-57	720	3	γδ	γδ	ADP
alces-57	720	4	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	720	5	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	720	6	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	720	7	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	720	8	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	720	9	tmtmtmmty	tmtmtmmty	NOUN
alces-57	721	1	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	721	2	mym	mym	PROPN
alces-57	721	3	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	721	4	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	721	5	tm	tm	PROPN
alces-57	721	6	ehnsn	ehnsn	PROPN
alces-57	721	7	os	os	PROPN
alces-57	721	8	s	s	X
alces-57	721	9	sn	sn	NOUN
alces-57	721	10	cm	cm	PROPN
alces-57	721	11	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	721	12	n	n	PROPN
alces-57	721	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	721	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	721	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	721	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	721	17	1	1	NUM
alces-57	721	18	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	721	19	1	1	NUM
alces-57	721	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	721	21	1(lnexp	1(lnexp	PROPN
alces-57	721	22	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	721	23	1(lnln	1(lnln	PROPN
alces-57	721	24	+	+	CCONJ
alces-57	721	25			ADJ
alces-57	721	26			ADJ
alces-57	721	27			NOUN
alces-57	721	28			ADJ
alces-57	721	29			NOUN
alces-57	721	30			PROPN
alces-57	721	31			PROPN
alces-57	721	32			PROPN
alces-57	721	33			PROPN
alces-57	721	34			ADJ
alces-57	721	35			PROPN
alces-57	721	36			PROPN
alces-57	721	37			ADP
alces-57	721	38			PROPN
alces-57	721	39	−+	−+	NOUN
alces-57	721	40			NOUN
alces-57	721	41			VERB
alces-57	721	42			PUNCT
alces-57	722	1			PROPN
alces-57	722	2			PROPN
alces-57	722	3			NOUN
alces-57	722	4			NOUN
alces-57	722	5			NOUN
alces-57	722	6			NOUN
alces-57	722	7			PUNCT
alces-57	723	1			PROPN
alces-57	723	2			NOUN
alces-57	724	1			NOUN
alces-57	724	2			VERB
alces-57	724	3			NOUN
alces-57	724	4			NOUN
alces-57	724	5			PUNCT
alces-57	725	1			PROPN
alces-57	725	2			PROPN
alces-57	725	3			NOUN
alces-57	725	4			NOUN
alces-57	725	5			NOUN
alces-57	725	6	−	−	ADP
alces-57	725	7	−	−	NOUN
alces-57	725	8	−=+	−=+	NOUN
alces-57	725	9	γδ	γδ	ADP
alces-57	725	10	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	725	11	alces	alce	NOUN
alces-57	725	12	vol	vol	NOUN
alces-57	725	13	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	726	1	46	46	NUM
alces-57	726	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	726	3	2010	2010	NUM
alces-57	726	4	xu	xu	NOUN
alces-57	726	5	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	726	6	boyce	boyce	PROPN
alces-57	726	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
alces-57	726	8	harvest	harvest	NOUN
alces-57	726	9	of	of	ADP
alces-57	726	10	moose	moose	NOUN
alces-57	726	11	35	35	NUM
alces-57	726	12	conditional	conditional	ADJ
alces-57	726	13	least	least	ADJ
alces-57	726	14	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	726	15	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	726	16	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	726	17	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	726	18	was	be	AUX
alces-57	726	19	used	use	VERB
alces-57	726	20	to	to	PART
alces-57	726	21	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	726	22	the	the	DET
alces-57	726	23	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	726	24	omy	omy	NOUN
alces-57	726	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	726	26	ofy	ofy	PROPN
alces-57	726	27	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	726	28	in	in	ADP
alces-57	726	29	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	726	30	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	726	31	s12	s12	NOUN
alces-57	726	32	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	726	33	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	726	34	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	726	35	s13	s13	NOUN
alces-57	726	36	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	726	37	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	727	1	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	727	2	methods	method	NOUN
alces-57	727	3	relax	relax	VERB
alces-57	727	4	many	many	ADJ
alces-57	727	5	distributional	distributional	ADJ
alces-57	727	6	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
alces-57	727	7	about	about	ADP
alces-57	727	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	727	9	noise	noise	NOUN
alces-57	727	10	variables	variable	NOUN
alces-57	727	11	in	in	ADP
alces-57	727	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	727	13	vector	vector	NOUN
alces-57	727	14	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	727	15	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	727	16	klimko	klimko	PROPN
alces-57	727	17	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	727	18	nelson	nelson	PROPN
alces-57	727	19	1978	1978	NUM
alces-57	727	20	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	727	21	tong	tong	NOUN
alces-57	727	22	1990	1990	NUM
alces-57	727	23	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	727	24	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	728	1	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	728	2	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	728	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	728	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
alces-57	728	5	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	728	6	converge	converge	VERB
alces-57	728	7	to	to	ADP
alces-57	728	8	the	the	DET
alces-57	728	9	true	true	ADJ
alces-57	728	10	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	728	11	as	as	ADP
alces-57	728	12	sample	sample	NOUN
alces-57	728	13	size	size	NOUN
alces-57	728	14	increases	increase	NOUN
alces-57	728	15	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	728	16	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	728	17	even	even	ADV
alces-57	728	18	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	728	19	et	et	NOUN
alces-57	728	20	is	be	AUX
alces-57	728	21	nonnormal	nonnormal	ADJ
alces-57	728	22	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	728	23	autocorrelated	autocorrelate	VERB
alces-57	728	24	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	728	25	provided	provide	VERB
alces-57	728	26	the	the	DET
alces-57	728	27	stochastic	stochastic	ADJ
alces-57	728	28	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	728	29	[	[	X
alces-57	728	30	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	728	31	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	728	32	s11)-(s13	s11)-(s13	ADJ
alces-57	728	33	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	728	34	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	729	1	has	have	VERB
alces-57	729	2	a	a	DET
alces-57	729	3	stationary	stationary	ADJ
alces-57	729	4	distribution	distribution	NOUN
alces-57	729	5	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	730	1	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	730	2	estimates	estimate	NOUN
alces-57	730	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	730	4	based	base	VERB
alces-57	730	5	on	on	ADP
alces-57	730	6	the	the	DET
alces-57	730	7	sum	sum	NOUN
alces-57	730	8	of	of	ADP
alces-57	730	9	squared	square	VERB
alces-57	730	10	differences	difference	NOUN
alces-57	730	11	between	between	ADP
alces-57	730	12	the	the	DET
alces-57	730	13	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	730	14	of	of	ADP
alces-57	730	15	a	a	DET
alces-57	730	16	variable	variable	NOUN
alces-57	730	17	observed	observe	VERB
alces-57	730	18	at	at	ADP
alces-57	730	19	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	730	20	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	730	21	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	730	22	its	its	PRON
alces-57	730	23	one	one	NUM
alces-57	730	24	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	730	25	year	year	NOUN
alces-57	730	26	ahead	ahead	NOUN
alces-57	730	27	forecast	forecast	NOUN
alces-57	730	28	value	value	NOUN
alces-57	730	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	730	30	given	give	VERB
alces-57	730	31	the	the	DET
alces-57	730	32	observed	observed	ADJ
alces-57	730	33	state	state	NOUN
alces-57	730	34	of	of	ADP
alces-57	730	35	the	the	DET
alces-57	730	36	system	system	NOUN
alces-57	730	37	at	at	ADP
alces-57	730	38	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	730	39	t-1	t-1	PROPN
alces-57	730	40	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	731	1	to	to	PART
alces-57	731	2	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	731	3	omy	omy	NOUN
alces-57	731	4	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	731	5	ofy	ofy	NOUN
alces-57	731	6	there	there	PRON
alces-57	731	7	are	be	VERB
alces-57	731	8	2	2	NUM
alces-57	731	9	such	such	ADJ
alces-57	731	10	conditional	conditional	ADJ
alces-57	731	11	sums	sum	NOUN
alces-57	731	12	of	of	ADP
alces-57	731	13	squares	square	NOUN
alces-57	731	14	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	731	15	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	731	16	s14	s14	NOUN
alces-57	731	17	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	731	18	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	731	19	s15	s15	PROPN
alces-57	731	20	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	731	21	here	here	ADV
alces-57	731	22	nf	nf	INTJ
alces-57	731	23	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	731	24	t+1	t+1	PROPN
alces-57	731	25	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	731	26	nm	nm	PROPN
alces-57	731	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	731	28	t+1	t+1	PROPN
alces-57	731	29	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	731	30	t	t	PROPN
alces-57	731	31	=	=	SYM
alces-57	731	32	1	1	NUM
alces-57	731	33	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	731	34	…	…	PUNCT
alces-57	731	35	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	731	36	t-1	t-1	PROPN
alces-57	731	37	are	be	AUX
alces-57	731	38	the	the	DET
alces-57	731	39	observed	observe	VERB
alces-57	731	40	census	census	NOUN
alces-57	731	41	counts	count	NOUN
alces-57	731	42	for	for	ADP
alces-57	731	43	the	the	DET
alces-57	731	44	female	female	ADJ
alces-57	731	45	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	731	46	male	male	ADJ
alces-57	731	47	stages	stage	NOUN
alces-57	731	48	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	732	1	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	732	2	δ	δ	PROPN
alces-57	732	3	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	4	k	k	PROPN
alces-57	732	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	6	scf	scf	PROPN
alces-57	732	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	8	scm	scm	PROPN
alces-57	732	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	10	sf	sf	PROPN
alces-57	732	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	12	sm	sm	INTJ
alces-57	732	13	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	14	λcf	λcf	INTJ
alces-57	732	15	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	16	λcm	λcm	ADV
alces-57	732	17	are	be	AUX
alces-57	732	18	prefixed	prefix	VERB
alces-57	732	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	732	20	correspondingly	correspondingly	ADV
alces-57	732	21	:	:	PUNCT
alces-57	732	22	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	732	23	s16	s16	NOUN
alces-57	732	24	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	732	25	the	the	DET
alces-57	732	26	noise	noise	NOUN
alces-57	732	27	variances	variance	NOUN
alces-57	732	28	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	732	29	covariance	covariance	NOUN
alces-57	732	30	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	732	31	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
alces-57	732	32	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	732	33	off	off	ADP
alces-57	732	34	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	732	35	diagonal	diagonal	ADJ
alces-57	732	36	elements	element	NOUN
alces-57	732	37	in	in	ADP
alces-57	732	38	the	the	DET
alces-57	732	39	variance	variance	NOUN
alces-57	732	40	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	732	41	covariance	covariance	NOUN
alces-57	732	42	matrix	matrix	NOUN
alces-57	732	43	σ	σ	NOUN
alces-57	732	44	of	of	ADP
alces-57	732	45	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	732	46	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	732	47	were	be	AUX
alces-57	732	48	estimated	estimate	VERB
alces-57	732	49	using	use	VERB
alces-57	732	50	the	the	DET
alces-57	732	51	conditional	conditional	ADJ
alces-57	732	52	residuals	residual	NOUN
alces-57	732	53	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	732	54	dennis	dennis	PROPN
alces-57	732	55	et	et	PROPN
alces-57	732	56	al	al	PROPN
alces-57	732	57	.	.	PROPN
alces-57	732	58	1995	1995	NUM
alces-57	732	59	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	732	60	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	733	1	if	if	SCONJ
alces-57	733	2	the	the	DET
alces-57	733	3	time	time	NOUN
alces-57	733	4	-	-	PUNCT
alces-57	733	5	series	series	NOUN
alces-57	733	6	of	of	ADP
alces-57	733	7	observed	observe	VERB
alces-57	733	8	census	census	NOUN
alces-57	733	9	counts	count	NOUN
alces-57	733	10	are	be	AUX
alces-57	733	11	long	long	ADJ
alces-57	733	12	enough	enough	ADV
alces-57	733	13	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	733	14	roughly	roughly	ADV
alces-57	733	15	over	over	ADP
alces-57	733	16	30	30	NUM
alces-57	733	17	yr	yr	NOUN
alces-57	733	18	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	733	19	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	733	20	it	it	PRON
alces-57	733	21	is	be	AUX
alces-57	733	22	possible	possible	ADJ
alces-57	733	23	to	to	PART
alces-57	733	24	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	733	25	all	all	DET
alces-57	733	26	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	733	27	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	733	28	that	that	PRON
alces-57	733	29	appear	appear	VERB
alces-57	733	30	only	only	ADV
alces-57	733	31	in	in	ADP
alces-57	733	32	1	1	NUM
alces-57	733	33	of	of	ADP
alces-57	733	34	the	the	DET
alces-57	733	35	3	3	NUM
alces-57	733	36	equations	equation	NOUN
alces-57	733	37	[	[	X
alces-57	733	38	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	733	39	s11)(s13	s11)(s13	NOUN
alces-57	733	40	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	733	41	]	]	PUNCT
alces-57	733	42	by	by	ADP
alces-57	733	43	using	use	VERB
alces-57	733	44	cls	cls	NOUN
alces-57	733	45	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	734	1	unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV
alces-57	734	2	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	734	3	our	our	PRON
alces-57	734	4	census	census	NOUN
alces-57	734	5	counts	count	NOUN
alces-57	734	6	are	be	AUX
alces-57	734	7	very	very	ADV
alces-57	734	8	short	short	ADJ
alces-57	734	9	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	734	10	5	5	NUM
alces-57	734	11	yr	yr	NOUN
alces-57	734	12	for	for	ADP
alces-57	734	13	wmu	wmu	PROPN
alces-57	734	14	346	346	NUM
alces-57	734	15	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	734	16	350	350	NUM
alces-57	734	17	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	734	18	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	735	1	when	when	SCONJ
alces-57	735	2	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	735	3	are	be	AUX
alces-57	735	4	limited	limit	VERB
alces-57	735	5	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	735	6	as	as	ADP
alces-57	735	7	in	in	ADP
alces-57	735	8	our	our	PRON
alces-57	735	9	examples	example	NOUN
alces-57	735	10	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	735	11	we	we	PRON
alces-57	735	12	recommend	recommend	VERB
alces-57	735	13	estimating	estimate	VERB
alces-57	735	14	as	as	ADP
alces-57	735	15	many	many	ADJ
alces-57	735	16	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	735	17	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	735	18	as	as	ADP
alces-57	735	19	possible	possible	ADJ
alces-57	735	20	using	use	VERB
alces-57	735	21	empirical	empirical	ADJ
alces-57	735	22	data	datum	NOUN
alces-57	735	23	collected	collect	VERB
alces-57	735	24	from	from	ADP
alces-57	735	25	demographic	demographic	ADJ
alces-57	735	26	studies	study	NOUN
alces-57	735	27	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	735	28	and	and	CCONJ
alces-57	735	29	to	to	PART
alces-57	735	30	leave	leave	VERB
alces-57	735	31	those	those	DET
alces-57	735	32	parameters	parameter	NOUN
alces-57	735	33	that	that	PRON
alces-57	735	34	are	be	AUX
alces-57	735	35	difficult	difficult	ADJ
alces-57	735	36	to	to	PART
alces-57	735	37	estimate	estimate	VERB
alces-57	735	38	for	for	ADP
alces-57	735	39	estimation	estimation	NOUN
alces-57	735	40	by	by	ADP
alces-57	735	41	model	model	NOUN
alces-57	735	42	fitting	fitting	ADJ
alces-57	735	43	.	.	PUNCT
alces-57	736	1	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	736	2	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	736	3	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	736	4	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	736	5	2	2	NUM
alces-57	736	6	1	1	NUM
alces-57	736	7	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	736	8	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	736	9	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	736	10	1	1	NUM
alces-57	736	11	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	736	12	1	1	NUM
alces-57	736	13	2	2	NUM
alces-57	736	14	,	,	PUNCT
alces-57	736	15	2	2	NUM
alces-57	736	16	1	1	NUM
alces-57	736	17	lnexp	lnexp	PROPN
alces-57	736	18	lnln	lnln	NOUN
alces-57	736	19	)	)	PUNCT
alces-57	736	20	(	(	PUNCT
alces-57	736	21	∑∑	∑∑	NOUN
alces-57	736	22	=	=	PUNCT
alces-57	737	1	+	+	CCONJ
alces-57	737	2	=	=	NOUN
alces-57	737	3			NOUN
alces-57	737	4			NOUN
alces-57	737	5			NOUN
alces-57	737	6			NOUN
alces-57	737	7			NOUN
alces-57	737	8			NOUN
alces-57	737	9			PUNCT
alces-57	738	1			PROPN
alces-57	738	2			PROPN
alces-57	738	3			NOUN
alces-57	738	4			NOUN
alces-57	738	5			NOUN
alces-57	738	6			NOUN
alces-57	738	7			NOUN
alces-57	738	8			NOUN
alces-57	738	9			VERB
alces-57	738	10			ADJ
alces-57	738	11			PROPN
alces-57	738	12			NOUN
alces-57	738	13			ADJ
alces-57	738	14			NOUN
alces-57	738	15			PROPN
alces-57	738	16			PROPN
alces-57	738	17			PROPN
alces-57	738	18			PROPN
alces-57	738	19			ADJ
alces-57	738	20			PROPN
alces-57	738	21			PROPN
alces-57	738	22			ADP
alces-57	738	23			PROPN
alces-57	738	24	−+	−+	NOUN
alces-57	738	25			NOUN
alces-57	738	26			VERB
alces-57	738	27			PUNCT
alces-57	739	1			PROPN
alces-57	739	2			PROPN
alces-57	739	3			NOUN
alces-57	739	4			NOUN
alces-57	739	5			NOUN
alces-57	739	6			NOUN
alces-57	739	7			PUNCT
alces-57	740	1			PROPN
alces-57	740	2			NOUN
alces-57	741	1			NOUN
alces-57	741	2			VERB
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