SESS 2_16022011_TPR3.pub Il Quaternario Italian Journal of Quaternary Sciences 24, (Abstract AIQUA, Roma 02/2011), Congresso AIQUA Il Quaternario Italiano: conoscenze e prospettive Roma 24 e 25 febbraio 2011 GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF CAMPI FLEGREI LANDSCAPE Clelia Cirillo1, Marina Maura Calandrelli1, Giovanna Acampora1, Roberto Calandrelli2 & Luigi Scarpa3 ¹CNR – Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, Napoli 2CNR – Istituto di Studi giuridici internazionali, Napoli 3Università di Napoli Federico II - Scuola di Master di Pianificazione Urbana, Napoli Corresponding author: M.M. Calandrelli ABSTRACT: Cirillo C. et al., Geo-environmental analysis for the sustainability of Campi Flegrei landscape. (IT ISSN 0394-3356, 2011) The soil is not only an abiotic component but it is also the site where important processes of ecosystem functioning take place; it is the result of the combined action of climate, organisms, morphology and time action on the rocks; the man interferes on natural processes thereby causing further changes. It is, however, a natural resource being unable to re- generate, and thereby in planning activities it is important to use maps able to represent the evolution of land use and obtain dynamic data supporting decision-making in the sustainable management strategies of landscape and environ- mental assets. RIASSUNTO: Cirillo C. et al., Analisi geoambientale per la sostenibilità del paesaggio dei Campi Flegrei. (IT ISSN 0394-3356, 2011) Il suolo non è solo una componente abiotica ma anche il sito dove si svolgono importanti processi di funzionamento dell’ecosistema; esso è il risultato dell’azione combinata del clima, degli organismi, della morfologia e del tempo sulle rocce; l’uomo interferisce sui processi naturali apportando ulteriori modificazioni. Esso è, però,una risorsa naturale in- capace di rigenerarsi, e per questo è importante avvalersi, nelle attività di pianificazione del territorio, di cartografie in grado di rappresentare l’evoluzione dell’uso del suolo e ricavarne dati dinamici a supporto delle decisioni delle strategie di gestione sostenibile dei patrimoni paesaggistici-ambientali. Key words: soil, historical cartography, GIS Parole chiave: suolo, cartografia storica,GIS The purpose of this paper is to define a methodol- ogy for land analysis aiming at identifying environ- mental changes caused by the anthropic activity through a vision having a multidisciplinary nature of the abiotic and biotic components. This is achieved through the reconstruction of a carto- graphic model representing the historical evolution of land and environment. Such an approach, in course of experimentation, was tested on a precise land sample: the Regional Park of Campi Flegrei. The choice was dictated by the presence of mor- phologically interesting features of the landscape from the soil system point of view. Campi Flegrei offer a unique landscape featuring interweaving an environmental framework and anthropic stratifica- tions favoured by climate and soil fertility. The use of valuable crops, including vines, has character- ized and still characterizes the agricultural produc- tivity of this area; Campi Flegrei historical vines constitute a mark on the landscape area able to trace the history of land use and describe the its changes. Soil is a complex evolving system, struc- tured by physical, chemical, biological and time factors to be analysed with respect to the relation- ship occurring between the elements (BULLINI et al., 1998). The transformation of land use is listed as one of the causes of deterioration as the change of land from natural to semi / natural or artificial utilization involves the loss of fertile soil because of the negative environmental impacts, which cause the fragmentation of the territory, the loss of biodiversity, alterations of the hydrogeologi- cal cycle and microclimatic alteration. The study of the evolutive dynamics of the structure of the Fle- grean soil, achieved by comparing historical maps, is an example of analysis of land and environment changes; by integrating data on morphological evolution of the Flegrean soil, extracted from geo- referenced historical maps in GIS environment and from the most recent ones in a digital terrain model (DTM), it may be obtained the representation of the soil surface together with the changes of use. The study provided for the selection according to classes as identification tools of the essential ele- ments being present in the area following the pro- visions of the Corine Land Cover and Corine Bio- topes classification systems. The comparative methodology made use of the land utilization map 93 - 94 94 Ms. received: Testo ricevuto il of the year 1907 realized on the basis of the IGM cartography interpretation and Murat cadastral map of 1811 in order to have accurate data on the socio-economic, anthropological, and environ- mental aspects of Southern society in the nine- teenth century. From the map of Naples province (DE LORENZO R. et al., 2008) on the vines areas in Murat age, extracted from documents of that time being indicative of the crops classes, it results that Campi Flegrei are within the areas specialized in viticulture. The thematic mapping was carried out according to data from Murat Cadastre, made by the land valuations produced and contained in the summary tables grouped by municipality; this shows how historical registers are very useful for the reconstruction of regional planning. These ad- ministrative tools are based on maps that repro- duce the territory divided into particles, uniform minimum unit referred to the ownership, the in- tended use and the quality of the soil, exactly re- producing the geometric elements of the land, buildings, roads, rivers, cultivated fields and uncul- tivated land. Also the IGM military cartography shows a synthetic and at the same time detailed image of the territory whose physical components as well as physical and legal components are re- ported with extreme precision. Aiming at the carto- graphic comparison it is fundamental to geo- reference the historical maps, a task that requires the application of innovative methods of reading the contents of metric and topological maps of an- cient maps thus allowing to have the same refer- ence system (MARCHETTI, 2000), thereby obtaining the extraction of homogeneous geographic data being therefore comparable with each other. At the same time the inclusion of geomorphologic information of the area, historical climate series and ecological information on these biotic compo- nents will allow us to have an overview of the fac- tors relating to forcings which jointly with anthropic actions determine the soil evolution. The outcome of the application of the methodology allowed to recognize and understand the signs in the area being the result of the organizational structures dating back to the past, traces which have partially lost spatial and/or functional relationships of those systems. REFERENCES BULLINI L., PIGNATTI S. & VIRZO DE SANTO A. (1998) - Ecologia generale. UTET, Torino. DE LORENZO R.,GALLUCCIO F. & SCARPA L. (2008) - Car- tografia e catasto napoleonico. Uno studio sulla provin- cia di Napoli. Atti Seminario Dalla Mappa al GIS, Briga- ti, Genova. MARCHETTI M. (2000) - Metodologie per una cartografia di uso del suolo multilivello e multiscala: analisi e speri- mentazione applicativa. Relazione finale, documenta- zione gruppo di lavoro “uso e copertura del suolo”, Centro Interregionale, Roma. C. Cirillo et al. January 15, 2011 15 gennaio 2011