id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ar-22392	1	1	46	46	NUM
ar-22392	1	2	|	|	ADV
ar-22392	1	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22392	1	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	1	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	1	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	1	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22392	1	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	1	9	living	live	VERB
ar-22392	1	10	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	1	11	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	1	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	1	13	stagnant	stagnant	ADJ
ar-22392	1	14	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	1	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	1	16	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	1	17	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	1	18	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	1	19	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	1	20	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	1	21	a	a	DET
ar-22392	1	22	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22392	1	23	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ar-22392	1	24	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	1	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	2	1	livingstone1	livingstone1	PROPN
ar-22392	2	2	abstract	abstract	NOUN
ar-22392	2	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	2	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	2	5	the	the	DET
ar-22392	2	6	current	current	ADJ
ar-22392	2	7	context	context	NOUN
ar-22392	2	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	2	9	heightened	heightened	ADJ
ar-22392	2	10	worker	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	2	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ar-22392	2	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	2	13	stagnant	stagnant	ADJ
ar-22392	2	14	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	2	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	2	16	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	2	17	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	2	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	2	19	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	2	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	2	21	wellqualified	wellqualifie	VERB
ar-22392	2	22	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	2	23	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	2	24	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	2	25	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	2	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	3	1	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22392	3	2	features	feature	NOUN
ar-22392	3	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	3	4	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	3	5	include	include	VERB
ar-22392	3	6	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	3	7	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	3	8	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	3	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	3	10	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	3	11	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	3	12	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	3	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	3	14	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	3	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	3	16	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	3	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	4	1	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22392	4	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22392	4	3	estimates	estimate	NOUN
ar-22392	4	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	4	5	these	these	DET
ar-22392	4	6	features	feature	NOUN
ar-22392	4	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	4	8	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	4	9	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	4	10	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	4	11	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	4	12	summarized	summarize	VERB
ar-22392	4	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	5	1	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22392	5	2	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	5	3	reducing	reduce	VERB
ar-22392	5	4	current	current	ADJ
ar-22392	5	5	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22392	5	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	5	7	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	5	8	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	5	9	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	5	10	briefly	briefly	ADV
ar-22392	5	11	considered	consider	VERB
ar-22392	5	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	6	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ar-22392	6	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	6	3	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	6	4	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	6	5	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	6	6	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	6	7	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	6	8	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	6	9	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	6	10	skillbased	skillbase	VERB
ar-22392	6	11	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	6	12	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	6	13	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	6	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	6	15	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	6	16	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	6	17	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ar-22392	6	18	a	a	DET
ar-22392	6	19	clear	clear	ADJ
ar-22392	6	20	pattern	pattern	NOUN
ar-22392	6	21	has	have	AUX
ar-22392	6	22	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	6	23	widely	widely	ADV
ar-22392	6	24	documented	document	VERB
ar-22392	6	25	since	since	SCONJ
ar-22392	6	26	the	the	DET
ar-22392	6	27	1970s	1970s	NUM
ar-22392	6	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	7	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	7	2	real	real	ADJ
ar-22392	7	3	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	7	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	7	5	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	7	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	7	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	7	8	especially	especially	ADV
ar-22392	7	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	7	10	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	7	11	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	7	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	7	13	creating	create	VERB
ar-22392	7	14	private	private	ADJ
ar-22392	7	15	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22392	7	16	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ar-22392	7	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	7	18	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	7	19	stagnated	stagnate	VERB
ar-22392	7	20	since	since	SCONJ
ar-22392	7	21	the	the	DET
ar-22392	7	22	1970s	1970	NOUN
ar-22392	7	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	7	24	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	7	25	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	7	26	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ar-22392	7	27	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	7	28	terms	term	NOUN
ar-22392	7	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	7	30	the	the	DET
ar-22392	7	31	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22392	7	32	produced	produce	VERB
ar-22392	7	33	per	per	ADP
ar-22392	7	34	hour	hour	NOUN
ar-22392	7	35	has	have	AUX
ar-22392	7	36	continued	continue	VERB
ar-22392	7	37	to	to	PART
ar-22392	7	38	increase	increase	VERB
ar-22392	7	39	significantly	significantly	ADV
ar-22392	7	40	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	1	this	this	PRON
ar-22392	8	2	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	8	3	true	true	ADJ
ar-22392	8	4	both	both	CCONJ
ar-22392	8	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	8	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	8	7	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	8	8	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	8	9	generally	generally	ADV
ar-22392	8	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	8	11	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	8	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22392	8	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	14	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	8	15	carchedi	carchedi	PROPN
ar-22392	8	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	17	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	8	18	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	19	lieberman	lieberman	PROPN
ar-22392	8	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	21	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	8	22	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	23	office	office	NOUN
ar-22392	8	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	8	25	the	the	DET
ar-22392	8	26	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
ar-22392	8	27	budget	budget	NOUN
ar-22392	8	28	officer	officer	NOUN
ar-22392	8	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	30	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	8	31	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	8	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	9	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	9	2	other	other	ADJ
ar-22392	9	3	words	word	NOUN
ar-22392	9	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	9	5	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	9	6	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	9	7	doing	do	VERB
ar-22392	9	8	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	9	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	9	10	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	9	11	less	less	ADJ
ar-22392	9	12	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22392	9	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	9	14	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	9	15	private	private	ADJ
ar-22392	9	16	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	9	17	increases	increase	VERB
ar-22392	9	18	its	its	PRON
ar-22392	9	19	profitability	profitability	NOUN
ar-22392	9	20	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22392	9	21	a	a	DET
ar-22392	9	22	condition	condition	NOUN
ar-22392	9	23	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	9	24	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	9	25	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	9	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	10	1	since	since	SCONJ
ar-22392	10	2	the	the	DET
ar-22392	10	3	1970s	1970	NOUN
ar-22392	10	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	10	5	this	this	DET
ar-22392	10	6	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	10	7	innermost	innermost	ADJ
ar-22392	10	8	secret	secret	NOUN
ar-22392	10	9	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	10	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	10	11	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	10	12	has	have	AUX
ar-22392	10	13	become	become	VERB
ar-22392	10	14	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22392	10	15	evident	evident	ADJ
ar-22392	10	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	11	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	11	2	central	central	ADJ
ar-22392	11	3	driving	drive	VERB
ar-22392	11	4	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	11	5	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	11	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	11	7	extraction	extraction	NOUN
ar-22392	11	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	11	9	surplus	surplus	ADJ
ar-22392	11	10	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	11	11	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	11	12	hired	hire	VERB
ar-22392	11	13	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	11	14	who	who	PRON
ar-22392	11	15	combine	combine	VERB
ar-22392	11	16	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	11	17	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	11	18	power	power	NOUN
ar-22392	11	19	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	11	20	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	11	21	automated	automate	VERB
ar-22392	11	22	technologies	technology	NOUN
ar-22392	11	23	to	to	PART
ar-22392	11	24	produce	produce	VERB
ar-22392	11	25	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	11	26	competitively	competitively	ADV
ar-22392	11	27	priced	price	VERB
ar-22392	11	28	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ar-22392	11	29	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	11	30	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	11	31	profitable	profitable	ADJ
ar-22392	11	32	sales	sale	NOUN
ar-22392	11	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	1	corporate	corporate	ADJ
ar-22392	12	2	capitalists	capitalist	NOUN
ar-22392	12	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	12	4	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	12	5	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	6	aligned	align	VERB
ar-22392	12	7	state	state	NOUN
ar-22392	12	8	agencies	agency	NOUN
ar-22392	12	9	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	12	10	crafted	craft	VERB
ar-22392	12	11	a	a	DET
ar-22392	12	12	new	new	ADJ
ar-22392	12	13	regime	regime	NOUN
ar-22392	12	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	12	15	accumulation	accumulation	NOUN
ar-22392	12	16	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	12	17	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	12	18	stringent	stringent	ADJ
ar-22392	12	19	limits	limit	NOUN
ar-22392	12	20	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	12	21	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	12	22	’	’	PART
ar-22392	12	23	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22392	12	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	12	25	social	social	ADJ
ar-22392	12	26	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22392	12	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	12	29	fewer	few	ADJ
ar-22392	12	30	limits	limit	NOUN
ar-22392	12	31	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	12	32	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	12	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	34	commonly	commonly	ADV
ar-22392	12	35	known	know	VERB
ar-22392	12	36	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	12	37	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	38	neoliberalism	neoliberalism	NOUN
ar-22392	12	39	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	41	see	see	VERB
ar-22392	12	42	gindin	gindin	NOUN
ar-22392	12	43	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	44	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22392	12	45	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	12	46	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	13	1	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	13	2	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	13	3	diminished	diminish	VERB
ar-22392	13	4	bargaining	bargaining	NOUN
ar-22392	13	5	powers	power	NOUN
ar-22392	13	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	13	7	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	13	8	decline	decline	NOUN
ar-22392	13	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	13	10	unions	union	NOUN
ar-22392	13	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	13	12	growth	growth	NOUN
ar-22392	13	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	13	14	reserve	reserve	NOUN
ar-22392	13	15	armies	army	NOUN
ar-22392	13	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	13	17	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	13	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	14	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	14	2	most	most	ADV
ar-22392	14	3	evident	evident	ADJ
ar-22392	14	4	consequences	consequence	NOUN
ar-22392	14	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	14	6	this	this	DET
ar-22392	14	7	new	new	ADJ
ar-22392	14	8	regime	regime	NOUN
ar-22392	14	9	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	14	10	working	work	VERB
ar-22392	14	11	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	14	12	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	14	13	1	1	NUM
ar-22392	14	14	d.w	d.w	NOUN
ar-22392	14	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	15	1	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	15	2	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	15	3	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	15	4	research	research	PROPN
ar-22392	15	5	chair	chair	NOUN
ar-22392	15	6	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	15	7	lifelong	lifelong	ADJ
ar-22392	15	8	learning	learning	NOUN
ar-22392	15	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	15	10	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	15	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	15	12	professor	professor	NOUN
ar-22392	15	13	emeritus	emeritus	NOUN
ar-22392	15	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	15	15	the	the	DET
ar-22392	15	16	department	department	NOUN
ar-22392	15	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	15	18	social	social	PROPN
ar-22392	15	19	justice	justice	NOUN
ar-22392	15	20	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	15	21	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	15	22	the	the	DET
ar-22392	15	23	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22392	15	24	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22392	15	25	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	15	26	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22392	15	27	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	15	28	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	15	29	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	15	30	the	the	DET
ar-22392	15	31	university	university	PROPN
ar-22392	15	32	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	15	33	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22392	15	34	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	16	1	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	16	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	16	3	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	16	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	16	5	acanadianperspective|47	acanadianperspective|47	NOUN
ar-22392	16	6	stagnant	stagnant	ADJ
ar-22392	16	7	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	16	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	16	9	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	16	10	debt	debt	NOUN
ar-22392	16	11	loads	load	NOUN
ar-22392	16	12	to	to	PART
ar-22392	16	13	try	try	VERB
ar-22392	16	14	to	to	PART
ar-22392	16	15	make	make	VERB
ar-22392	16	16	ends	end	NOUN
ar-22392	16	17	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22392	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	16	19	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22392	16	20	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	16	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	16	22	chronic	chronic	ADJ
ar-22392	16	23	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	16	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	17	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	17	2	this	this	DET
ar-22392	17	3	piece	piece	NOUN
ar-22392	17	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	17	5	i	i	PRON
ar-22392	17	6	want	want	VERB
ar-22392	17	7	to	to	PART
ar-22392	17	8	underline	underline	VERB
ar-22392	17	9	another	another	DET
ar-22392	17	10	pervasive	pervasive	ADJ
ar-22392	17	11	aspect	aspect	NOUN
ar-22392	17	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	17	13	this	this	DET
ar-22392	17	14	new	new	ADJ
ar-22392	17	15	regime	regime	NOUN
ar-22392	17	16	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	17	17	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	17	18	often	often	ADV
ar-22392	17	19	overlooked	overlook	VERB
ar-22392	17	20	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	17	21	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	17	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	1	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	18	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	3	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	18	4	known	know	VERB
ar-22392	18	5	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	18	6	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	7	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	8	underutilization	underutilization	NOUN
ar-22392	18	9	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	11	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	12	overeducation	overeducation	NOUN
ar-22392	18	13	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	15	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	16	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	18	17	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	18	qualification	qualification	NOUN
ar-22392	18	19	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	20	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	18	21	much	much	ADJ
ar-22392	18	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	18	23	the	the	DET
ar-22392	18	24	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	25	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	18	26	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	27	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	18	28	gap	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	18	29	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	30	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	18	31	generically	generically	ADV
ar-22392	18	32	refers	refer	VERB
ar-22392	18	33	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	18	34	the	the	DET
ar-22392	18	35	less	less	ADJ
ar-22392	18	36	than	than	ADP
ar-22392	18	37	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ar-22392	18	38	use	use	NOUN
ar-22392	18	39	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	18	40	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	18	41	potential	potential	NOUN
ar-22392	18	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	19	1	however	however	ADV
ar-22392	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	19	3	agreement	agreement	NOUN
ar-22392	19	4	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	19	5	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ar-22392	19	6	uses	use	NOUN
ar-22392	19	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	19	8	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	19	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	19	10	extent	extent	NOUN
ar-22392	19	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	19	12	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ar-22392	19	13	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	19	14	problematic	problematic	ADJ
ar-22392	19	15	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	19	16	all	all	DET
ar-22392	19	17	class	class	NOUN
ar-22392	19	18	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	19	19	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	19	20	societies	society	NOUN
ar-22392	19	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	20	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	20	2	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	20	3	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	20	4	societies	society	NOUN
ar-22392	20	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	20	6	most	most	ADV
ar-22392	20	7	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22392	20	8	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	20	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	20	10	related	relate	VERB
ar-22392	20	11	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	20	12	the	the	DET
ar-22392	20	13	production	production	NOUN
ar-22392	20	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	20	15	sale	sale	NOUN
ar-22392	20	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	20	17	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22392	20	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	20	19	service	service	NOUN
ar-22392	20	20	commodities	commodity	NOUN
ar-22392	20	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	21	1	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	21	2	private	private	ADJ
ar-22392	21	3	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	21	4	’	’	PART
ar-22392	21	5	standpoint	standpoint	NOUN
ar-22392	21	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	21	7	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	21	8	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ar-22392	21	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	21	10	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	21	11	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ar-22392	21	12	application	application	NOUN
ar-22392	21	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	21	14	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	21	15	’	’	PART
ar-22392	21	16	capacities	capacity	NOUN
ar-22392	21	17	to	to	PART
ar-22392	21	18	ensure	ensure	VERB
ar-22392	21	19	the	the	DET
ar-22392	21	20	greatest	great	ADJ
ar-22392	21	21	number	number	NOUN
ar-22392	21	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	21	23	units	unit	NOUN
ar-22392	21	24	produced	produce	VERB
ar-22392	21	25	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	21	26	sold	sell	VERB
ar-22392	21	27	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	21	28	a	a	DET
ar-22392	21	29	given	give	VERB
ar-22392	21	30	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	21	31	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	21	32	thereby	thereby	ADV
ar-22392	21	33	enabling	enable	VERB
ar-22392	21	34	maximum	maximum	ADJ
ar-22392	21	35	profits	profit	NOUN
ar-22392	21	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	22	1	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	22	2	hired	hire	VERB
ar-22392	22	3	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	22	4	’	’	PART
ar-22392	22	5	standpoints	standpoint	NOUN
ar-22392	22	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	22	7	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ar-22392	22	8	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ar-22392	22	9	may	may	AUX
ar-22392	22	10	involve	involve	VERB
ar-22392	22	11	spending	spend	VERB
ar-22392	22	12	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ar-22392	22	13	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	22	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	22	15	care	care	VERB
ar-22392	22	16	to	to	PART
ar-22392	22	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
ar-22392	22	18	high	high	ADJ
ar-22392	22	19	quality	quality	NOUN
ar-22392	22	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	22	21	social	social	ADJ
ar-22392	22	22	usefulness	usefulness	NOUN
ar-22392	22	23	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	22	24	finished	finished	ADJ
ar-22392	22	25	units	unit	NOUN
ar-22392	22	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	22	27	as	as	ADV
ar-22392	22	28	well	well	ADV
ar-22392	22	29	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	22	30	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ar-22392	22	31	monetary	monetary	ADJ
ar-22392	22	32	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22392	22	33	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	22	34	recuperation	recuperation	NOUN
ar-22392	22	35	to	to	PART
ar-22392	22	36	enable	enable	VERB
ar-22392	22	37	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ar-22392	22	38	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	22	39	continuing	continue	VERB
ar-22392	22	40	good	good	ADJ
ar-22392	22	41	quality	quality	NOUN
ar-22392	22	42	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	22	43	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	22	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	23	1	most	most	ADJ
ar-22392	23	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	23	3	the	the	DET
ar-22392	23	4	literature	literature	NOUN
ar-22392	23	5	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	23	6	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	23	7	ignores	ignore	VERB
ar-22392	23	8	this	this	DET
ar-22392	23	9	difference	difference	NOUN
ar-22392	23	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	24	1	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	24	2	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	24	3	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	24	4	implicit	implicit	ADJ
ar-22392	24	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	24	6	discussions	discussion	NOUN
ar-22392	24	7	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	24	8	argue	argue	VERB
ar-22392	24	9	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	24	10	connections	connection	NOUN
ar-22392	24	11	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	24	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	24	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	24	14	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	24	15	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	24	16	mediated	mediate	VERB
ar-22392	24	17	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	24	18	negotiating	negotiate	VERB
ar-22392	24	19	powers	power	NOUN
ar-22392	24	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	24	21	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	24	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	24	23	different	different	ADJ
ar-22392	24	24	social	social	ADJ
ar-22392	24	25	groups	group	NOUN
ar-22392	24	26	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	24	27	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	24	28	grugulis	grugulis	PROPN
ar-22392	24	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	24	30	2003	2003	NUM
ar-22392	24	31	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	24	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	25	1	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	25	2	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22392	25	3	power	power	NOUN
ar-22392	25	4	comes	come	VERB
ar-22392	25	5	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22392	25	6	influence	influence	NOUN
ar-22392	25	7	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	25	8	what	what	PRON
ar-22392	25	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	25	10	deemed	deem	VERB
ar-22392	25	11	to	to	PART
ar-22392	25	12	count	count	VERB
ar-22392	25	13	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	25	14	valuable	valuable	ADJ
ar-22392	25	15	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	25	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	25	17	the	the	DET
ar-22392	25	18	extent	extent	NOUN
ar-22392	25	19	to	to	PART
ar-22392	25	20	which	which	PRON
ar-22392	25	21	its	its	PRON
ar-22392	25	22	use	use	NOUN
ar-22392	25	23	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	25	24	recognized	recognize	VERB
ar-22392	25	25	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	25	26	rewarded	reward	VERB
ar-22392	25	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	26	1	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	26	2	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	26	3	little	little	ADJ
ar-22392	26	4	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22392	26	5	power	power	NOUN
ar-22392	26	6	may	may	AUX
ar-22392	26	7	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	26	8	relegated	relegate	VERB
ar-22392	26	9	to	to	PART
ar-22392	26	10	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	26	11	getting	get	VERB
ar-22392	26	12	a	a	DET
ar-22392	26	13	little	little	ADJ
ar-22392	26	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	26	15	our	our	PRON
ar-22392	26	16	own	own	ADJ
ar-22392	26	17	back	back	NOUN
ar-22392	26	18	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	26	19	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	26	20	withholding	withhold	VERB
ar-22392	26	21	some	some	DET
ar-22392	26	22	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	26	23	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	26	24	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	26	25	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	26	26	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	26	27	hamper	hamper	NOUN
ar-22392	26	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	26	29	1991	1991	NUM
ar-22392	26	30	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	26	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	27	1	effective	effective	ADJ
ar-22392	27	2	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	27	3	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ar-22392	27	4	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	27	5	the	the	DET
ar-22392	27	6	employer	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	27	7	’s	’s	PART
ar-22392	27	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ar-22392	27	9	may	may	AUX
ar-22392	27	10	equate	equate	VERB
ar-22392	27	11	to	to	PART
ar-22392	27	12	being	be	AUX
ar-22392	27	13	used	use	VERB
ar-22392	27	14	up	up	ADP
ar-22392	27	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	27	16	excreted	excrete	VERB
ar-22392	27	17	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	27	18	waste	waste	NOUN
ar-22392	27	19	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	27	20	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	27	21	’	’	PART
ar-22392	27	22	standpoints	standpoint	NOUN
ar-22392	27	23	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	27	24	yates	yate	NOUN
ar-22392	27	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	27	26	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	27	27	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	27	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	1	diverse	diverse	ADJ
ar-22392	28	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ar-22392	28	3	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ar-22392	28	4	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	28	5	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	28	6	used	use	VERB
ar-22392	28	7	to	to	PART
ar-22392	28	8	explain	explain	VERB
ar-22392	28	9	relations	relation	NOUN
ar-22392	28	10	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	28	11	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	28	12	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ar-22392	28	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	28	14	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	28	15	’	’	PART
ar-22392	28	16	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	28	17	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	28	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	19	including	include	VERB
ar-22392	28	20	classical	classical	ADJ
ar-22392	28	21	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22392	28	22	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	28	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	24	human	human	ADJ
ar-22392	28	25	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	28	26	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	28	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	28	segmented	segment	VERB
ar-22392	28	29	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	28	30	market	market	NOUN
ar-22392	28	31	theories	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	28	32	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	28	33	credentialism.2	credentialism.2	PROPN
ar-22392	28	34	i	i	PRON
ar-22392	28	35	use	use	VERB
ar-22392	28	36	a	a	DET
ar-22392	28	37	historical	historical	ADJ
ar-22392	28	38	materialist	materialist	ADJ
ar-22392	28	39	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	28	40	positing	posit	VERB
ar-22392	28	41	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	28	42	inter	inter	ADJ
ar-22392	28	43	-	-	ADJ
ar-22392	28	44	firm	firm	ADJ
ar-22392	28	45	competition	competition	NOUN
ar-22392	28	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	47	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
ar-22392	28	48	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	28	49	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	28	50	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	28	51	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	28	52	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	28	53	working	work	VERB
ar-22392	28	54	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22392	28	55	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	56	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	28	57	technological	technological	ADJ
ar-22392	28	58	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ar-22392	28	59	all	all	PRON
ar-22392	28	60	provoke	provoke	VERB
ar-22392	28	61	incessant	incessant	ADJ
ar-22392	28	62	shifts	shift	NOUN
ar-22392	28	63	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	28	64	the	the	DET
ar-22392	28	65	number	number	NOUN
ar-22392	28	66	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	28	67	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
ar-22392	28	68	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	69	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	28	70	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	28	71	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	28	72	types	type	NOUN
ar-22392	28	73	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	28	74	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	28	75	available	available	ADJ
ar-22392	28	76	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	1	through	through	ADP
ar-22392	29	2	technological	technological	ADJ
ar-22392	29	3	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ar-22392	29	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	29	5	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	29	6	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	7	learning	learn	VERB
ar-22392	29	8	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	29	9	the	the	DET
ar-22392	29	10	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	29	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	12	increased	increase	VERB
ar-22392	29	13	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
ar-22392	29	14	leads	lead	VERB
ar-22392	29	15	either	either	CCONJ
ar-22392	29	16	to	to	PART
ar-22392	29	17	expanded	expand	VERB
ar-22392	29	18	production	production	NOUN
ar-22392	29	19	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	29	20	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	29	21	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	29	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	29	23	excess	excess	ADJ
ar-22392	29	24	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	29	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	26	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	29	27	either	either	DET
ar-22392	29	28	case	case	NOUN
ar-22392	29	29	modifying	modify	VERB
ar-22392	29	30	2	2	NUM
ar-22392	29	31	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	29	32	fuller	full	ADJ
ar-22392	29	33	discussions	discussion	NOUN
ar-22392	29	34	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	29	35	theories	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	29	36	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	29	37	mismatches	mismatch	NOUN
ar-22392	29	38	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	29	39	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	29	40	’	’	PART
ar-22392	29	41	competencies	competency	NOUN
ar-22392	29	42	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	29	43	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	29	44	market	market	NOUN
ar-22392	29	45	needs	need	NOUN
ar-22392	29	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	47	see	see	VERB
ar-22392	29	48	desjardins	desjardin	NOUN
ar-22392	29	49	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	29	50	rubenson	rubenson	NOUN
ar-22392	29	51	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	52	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	29	53	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	54	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	55	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	29	56	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	57	2009	2009	NUM
ar-22392	29	58	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	59	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	60	mckee	mckee	PROPN
ar-22392	29	61	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	62	ryan	ryan	PROPN
ar-22392	29	63	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	29	64	harvey	harvey	PROPN
ar-22392	29	65	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	66	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	29	67	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	29	68	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	30	1	48	48	NUM
ar-22392	30	2	|	|	ADV
ar-22392	30	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22392	30	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	30	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	30	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	30	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22392	30	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	30	9	living	live	VERB
ar-22392	30	10	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	30	11	the	the	DET
ar-22392	30	12	overall	overall	ADJ
ar-22392	30	13	demand	demand	NOUN
ar-22392	30	14	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	30	15	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	30	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	31	1	popular	popular	ADJ
ar-22392	31	2	demand	demand	NOUN
ar-22392	31	3	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	31	4	general	general	ADJ
ar-22392	31	5	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	31	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	31	7	specialized	specialized	ADJ
ar-22392	31	8	training	training	NOUN
ar-22392	31	9	increases	increase	NOUN
ar-22392	31	10	cumulatively	cumulatively	ADV
ar-22392	31	11	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22392	31	12	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	31	13	seek	seek	VERB
ar-22392	31	14	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	31	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	31	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	31	17	different	different	ADJ
ar-22392	31	18	specific	specific	ADJ
ar-22392	31	19	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	31	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	31	21	added	add	VERB
ar-22392	31	22	credentials	credential	NOUN
ar-22392	31	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	31	24	order	order	NOUN
ar-22392	31	25	to	to	PART
ar-22392	31	26	live	live	VERB
ar-22392	31	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	31	28	qualify	qualify	VERB
ar-22392	31	29	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	31	30	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	31	31	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	31	32	such	such	DET
ar-22392	31	33	a	a	DET
ar-22392	31	34	changing	change	VERB
ar-22392	31	35	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	31	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	32	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	32	2	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	32	3	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	32	4	countries	country	NOUN
ar-22392	32	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	32	6	mismatches	mismatch	NOUN
ar-22392	32	7	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	32	8	inevitable	inevitable	ADJ
ar-22392	32	9	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	32	10	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	32	11	’	’	PART
ar-22392	32	12	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
ar-22392	32	13	demand	demand	NOUN
ar-22392	32	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	32	15	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	32	16	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	32	17	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	32	18	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	32	19	the	the	DET
ar-22392	32	20	one	one	NUM
ar-22392	32	21	hand	hand	NOUN
ar-22392	32	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	32	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	32	24	the	the	DET
ar-22392	32	25	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
ar-22392	32	26	supply	supply	NOUN
ar-22392	32	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	32	28	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
ar-22392	32	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	32	30	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	32	31	seekers	seeker	NOUN
ar-22392	32	32	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	32	33	the	the	DET
ar-22392	32	34	other	other	ADJ
ar-22392	32	35	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	33	1	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	33	2	liberal	liberal	ADJ
ar-22392	33	3	democratic	democratic	ADJ
ar-22392	33	4	state	state	NOUN
ar-22392	33	5	regimes	regime	NOUN
ar-22392	33	6	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	33	7	still	still	ADV
ar-22392	33	8	proclaim	proclaim	VERB
ar-22392	33	9	the	the	DET
ar-22392	33	10	right	right	NOUN
ar-22392	33	11	to	to	PART
ar-22392	33	12	equal	equal	VERB
ar-22392	33	13	educational	educational	ADJ
ar-22392	33	14	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22392	33	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	33	16	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ar-22392	33	17	public	public	ADJ
ar-22392	33	18	access	access	NOUN
ar-22392	33	19	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	33	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	33	21	through	through	ADP
ar-22392	33	22	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	33	23	means	mean	NOUN
ar-22392	33	24	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	33	25	the	the	DET
ar-22392	33	26	internet	internet	NOUN
ar-22392	33	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	33	28	the	the	DET
ar-22392	33	29	predicted	predict	VERB
ar-22392	33	30	tendency	tendency	NOUN
ar-22392	33	31	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	33	32	for	for	SCONJ
ar-22392	33	33	the	the	DET
ar-22392	33	34	supply	supply	NOUN
ar-22392	33	35	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	33	36	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	33	37	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	33	38	seekers	seeker	NOUN
ar-22392	33	39	to	to	PART
ar-22392	33	40	exceed	exceed	VERB
ar-22392	33	41	the	the	DET
ar-22392	33	42	demand	demand	NOUN
ar-22392	33	43	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	33	44	most	most	ADJ
ar-22392	33	45	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	33	46	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	33	47	a	a	DET
ar-22392	33	48	growing	grow	VERB
ar-22392	33	49	reserve	reserve	NOUN
ar-22392	33	50	army	army	NOUN
ar-22392	33	51	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	33	52	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	33	53	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	33	54	available	available	ADJ
ar-22392	33	55	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	33	56	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	33	57	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	33	58	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	33	59	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	33	60	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	33	61	the	the	DET
ar-22392	33	62	absence	absence	NOUN
ar-22392	33	63	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	33	64	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22392	33	65	collective	collective	ADJ
ar-22392	33	66	organization	organization	NOUN
ar-22392	33	67	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	33	68	working	work	VERB
ar-22392	33	69	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	33	70	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	34	1	this	this	DET
ar-22392	34	2	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22392	34	3	identifies	identify	VERB
ar-22392	34	4	a	a	DET
ar-22392	34	5	few	few	ADJ
ar-22392	34	6	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22392	34	7	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
ar-22392	34	8	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	34	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	34	10	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	34	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	34	12	briefly	briefly	NOUN
ar-22392	34	13	summarizes	summarize	VERB
ar-22392	34	14	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22392	34	15	research	research	NOUN
ar-22392	34	16	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	34	17	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ar-22392	34	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	34	19	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	34	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	34	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	34	22	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	34	23	briefly	briefly	NOUN
ar-22392	34	24	discusses	discuss	VERB
ar-22392	34	25	current	current	ADJ
ar-22392	34	26	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22392	34	27	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	34	28	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	34	29	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	34	30	possible	possible	ADJ
ar-22392	34	31	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
ar-22392	34	32	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	34	33	reducing	reduce	VERB
ar-22392	34	34	it.3	it.3	PROPN
ar-22392	34	35	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22392	34	36	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	34	37	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	34	38	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	34	39	three	three	NUM
ar-22392	34	40	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22392	34	41	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	34	42	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	34	43	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	34	44	can	can	AUX
ar-22392	34	45	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	34	46	distinguished	distinguish	VERB
ar-22392	34	47	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	34	48	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	34	49	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	34	50	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	34	51	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	34	52	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	34	53	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	34	54	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	34	55	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	35	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	35	2	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	35	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	35	4	potential	potential	ADJ
ar-22392	35	5	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	35	6	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	35	7	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	35	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	35	9	most	most	ADV
ar-22392	35	10	evident	evident	ADJ
ar-22392	35	11	dimension	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	35	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	36	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	36	2	amount	amount	NOUN
ar-22392	36	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	36	4	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	36	5	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	36	6	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	36	7	gainfully	gainfully	ADV
ar-22392	36	8	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	36	9	may	may	AUX
ar-22392	36	10	vary	vary	VERB
ar-22392	36	11	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	36	12	zero	zero	NUM
ar-22392	36	13	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	36	14	virtually	virtually	ADV
ar-22392	36	15	all	all	DET
ar-22392	36	16	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	36	17	waking	wake	VERB
ar-22392	36	18	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22392	36	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	37	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	37	2	most	most	ADV
ar-22392	37	3	evident	evident	ADJ
ar-22392	37	4	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	37	5	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	37	6	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	37	7	aspect	aspect	NOUN
ar-22392	37	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	37	9	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	37	10	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	37	11	official	official	ADJ
ar-22392	37	12	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	37	13	including	include	VERB
ar-22392	37	14	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	37	15	without	without	ADP
ar-22392	37	16	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22392	37	17	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	37	18	who	who	PRON
ar-22392	37	19	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	37	20	actively	actively	ADV
ar-22392	37	21	looking	look	VERB
ar-22392	37	22	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	37	23	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	37	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	38	1	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	38	2	less	less	ADJ
ar-22392	38	3	official	official	ADJ
ar-22392	38	4	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22392	38	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	38	6	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	38	7	include	include	VERB
ar-22392	38	8	various	various	ADJ
ar-22392	38	9	discouraged	discouraged	ADJ
ar-22392	38	10	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	38	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	38	12	others	other	NOUN
ar-22392	38	13	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	38	14	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	38	15	prisoners	prisoner	NOUN
ar-22392	38	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	38	17	retired	retire	VERB
ar-22392	38	18	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	38	19	who	who	PRON
ar-22392	38	20	want	want	VERB
ar-22392	38	21	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22392	38	22	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	38	23	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	38	24	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	38	25	restricted	restrict	VERB
ar-22392	38	26	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	38	27	the	the	DET
ar-22392	38	28	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	38	29	market	market	NOUN
ar-22392	38	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	39	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	39	2	addition	addition	NOUN
ar-22392	39	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	39	4	there	there	PRON
ar-22392	39	5	are	be	VERB
ar-22392	39	6	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	39	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	39	8	involuntarily	involuntarily	ADV
ar-22392	39	9	reduced	reduce	VERB
ar-22392	39	10	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	39	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	39	12	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	39	13	holding	hold	VERB
ar-22392	39	14	temporary	temporary	ADJ
ar-22392	39	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	39	16	part	part	ADJ
ar-22392	39	17	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	39	18	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	39	19	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	39	20	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	39	21	who	who	PRON
ar-22392	39	22	want	want	VERB
ar-22392	39	23	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	39	24	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	39	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	40	1	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	40	2	-based	-base	VERB
ar-22392	40	3	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	40	4	refer	refer	NOUN
ar-22392	40	5	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	40	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	40	7	surplus	surplus	ADJ
ar-22392	40	8	capacities	capacity	NOUN
ar-22392	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	40	10	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	40	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	40	12	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	40	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	40	14	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	40	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	40	16	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	40	17	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	40	18	bring	bring	VERB
ar-22392	40	19	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	40	20	the	the	DET
ar-22392	40	21	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	40	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	40	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	40	24	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ar-22392	40	25	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	40	26	what	what	PRON
ar-22392	40	27	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	40	28	needed	need	VERB
ar-22392	40	29	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	40	30	the	the	DET
ar-22392	40	31	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	40	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	41	1	there	there	PRON
ar-22392	41	2	is	be	VERB
ar-22392	41	3	much	much	ADJ
ar-22392	41	4	dispute	dispute	NOUN
ar-22392	41	5	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	41	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	41	7	notions	notion	NOUN
ar-22392	41	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	41	9	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	41	11	relevant	relevant	ADJ
ar-22392	41	12	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	41	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	41	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	41	15	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	41	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	1	numerous	numerous	ADJ
ar-22392	42	2	ways	way	NOUN
ar-22392	42	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	42	4	conceiving	conceive	VERB
ar-22392	42	5	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	42	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	42	7	the	the	DET
ar-22392	42	8	gap	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	42	9	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	42	10	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	42	11	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	42	12	’	’	PART
ar-22392	42	13	capabilities	capability	NOUN
ar-22392	42	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	42	15	the	the	DET
ar-22392	42	16	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	42	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	42	18	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	42	19	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	42	20	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	42	21	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	42	22	suggested	suggest	VERB
ar-22392	42	23	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	24	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	42	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	26	kalleberg	kalleberg	PROPN
ar-22392	42	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	28	2008	2008	NUM
ar-22392	42	29	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	30	mckee	mckee	PROPN
ar-22392	42	31	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	32	ryan	ryan	PROPN
ar-22392	42	33	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	42	34	harvey	harvey	PROPN
ar-22392	42	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	36	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	42	37	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	42	38	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	43	1	three	three	NUM
ar-22392	43	2	relatively	relatively	ADV
ar-22392	43	3	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
ar-22392	43	4	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ar-22392	43	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	43	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	43	7	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	43	8	gap	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	43	9	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	43	10	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	43	11	’	’	PART
ar-22392	43	12	capacities	capacity	NOUN
ar-22392	43	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	43	14	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	43	15	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	43	16	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	43	17	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	43	18	3	3	NUM
ar-22392	43	19	parts	part	NOUN
ar-22392	43	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	43	21	this	this	DET
ar-22392	43	22	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22392	43	23	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	43	24	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	43	25	adapted	adapt	VERB
ar-22392	43	26	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	43	27	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	43	28	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	43	29	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	43	30	2016	2016	NUM
ar-22392	43	31	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	43	32	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	43	33	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	43	34	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	43	35	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	43	36	2018	2018	NUM
ar-22392	43	37	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	43	38	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	44	1	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	44	2	fuller	full	ADJ
ar-22392	44	3	development	development	NOUN
ar-22392	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	44	5	see	see	VERB
ar-22392	44	6	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	44	7	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	44	8	2009	2009	NUM
ar-22392	44	9	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	44	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	1	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	45	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	3	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	45	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	5	acanadianperspective|49	acanadianperspective|49	NOUN
ar-22392	45	6	widely	widely	ADV
ar-22392	45	7	recognized	recognize	VERB
ar-22392	45	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	9	•	•	NUM
ar-22392	45	10	entry	entry	NOUN
ar-22392	45	11	credential	credential	ADJ
ar-22392	45	12	gap	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	45	13	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	45	14	the	the	DET
ar-22392	45	15	training	training	NOUN
ar-22392	45	16	credentials	credential	NOUN
ar-22392	45	17	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	45	18	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	45	19	entrants	entrant	NOUN
ar-22392	45	20	bring	bring	VERB
ar-22392	45	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	45	22	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	45	23	required	require	VERB
ar-22392	45	24	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	45	25	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	45	26	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	27	•	•	NUM
ar-22392	45	28	performance	performance	NOUN
ar-22392	45	29	gap	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	45	30	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	45	31	the	the	DET
ar-22392	45	32	performance	performance	NOUN
ar-22392	45	33	capability	capability	NOUN
ar-22392	45	34	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	45	35	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	45	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	45	37	the	the	DET
ar-22392	45	38	performance	performance	NOUN
ar-22392	45	39	level	level	NOUN
ar-22392	45	40	actually	actually	ADV
ar-22392	45	41	required	require	VERB
ar-22392	45	42	to	to	PART
ar-22392	45	43	do	do	VERB
ar-22392	45	44	the	the	DET
ar-22392	45	45	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	45	46	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	47	•	•	NUM
ar-22392	45	48	subjective	subjective	ADJ
ar-22392	45	49	gap	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	45	50	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	45	51	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	45	52	holders	holder	NOUN
ar-22392	45	53	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	45	54	personal	personal	ADJ
ar-22392	45	55	assessments	assessment	NOUN
ar-22392	45	56	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	45	57	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	45	58	capabilities	capability	NOUN
ar-22392	45	59	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	45	60	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	45	61	perceived	perceive	VERB
ar-22392	45	62	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	45	63	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	45	64	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	46	1	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	46	2	regard	regard	NOUN
ar-22392	46	3	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	46	4	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	46	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	46	6	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	46	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	46	8	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	46	9	who	who	PRON
ar-22392	46	10	begin	begin	VERB
ar-22392	46	11	a	a	DET
ar-22392	46	12	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	46	13	become	become	VERB
ar-22392	46	14	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	46	15	efficient	efficient	ADJ
ar-22392	46	16	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22392	46	17	they	they	PRON
ar-22392	46	18	gain	gain	VERB
ar-22392	46	19	experience	experience	NOUN
ar-22392	46	20	needed	need	VERB
ar-22392	46	21	to	to	PART
ar-22392	46	22	perform	perform	VERB
ar-22392	46	23	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	46	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	46	25	pankhurst	pankhurst	NOUN
ar-22392	46	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	46	27	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	46	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	46	29	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22392	46	30	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	46	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	47	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	47	2	level	level	NOUN
ar-22392	47	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	47	4	production	production	NOUN
ar-22392	47	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	47	6	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22392	47	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	47	8	services	service	NOUN
ar-22392	47	9	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	47	10	a	a	DET
ar-22392	47	11	given	give	VERB
ar-22392	47	12	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	47	13	will	will	AUX
ar-22392	47	14	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	47	15	closely	closely	ADV
ar-22392	47	16	related	relate	VERB
ar-22392	47	17	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	47	18	the	the	DET
ar-22392	47	19	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	47	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	47	21	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	47	22	given	give	VERB
ar-22392	47	23	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	47	24	experienced	experienced	ADJ
ar-22392	47	25	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	47	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	48	1	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	48	2	’	’	PART
ar-22392	48	3	imperative	imperative	NOUN
ar-22392	48	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	48	5	to	to	PART
ar-22392	48	6	ensure	ensure	VERB
ar-22392	48	7	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	48	8	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	48	9	maintain	maintain	VERB
ar-22392	48	10	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	48	11	increase	increase	VERB
ar-22392	48	12	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	48	13	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	48	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	48	15	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	48	16	to	to	PART
ar-22392	48	17	continue	continue	VERB
ar-22392	48	18	to	to	PART
ar-22392	48	19	produce	produce	VERB
ar-22392	48	20	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	48	21	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22392	48	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	48	23	services	service	NOUN
ar-22392	48	24	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	48	25	that	that	DET
ar-22392	48	26	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	48	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	49	1	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	49	2	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	49	3	overriding	override	VERB
ar-22392	49	4	objective	objective	NOUN
ar-22392	49	5	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	49	6	to	to	PART
ar-22392	49	7	ensure	ensure	VERB
ar-22392	49	8	they	they	PRON
ar-22392	49	9	provide	provide	VERB
ar-22392	49	10	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ar-22392	49	11	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	49	12	to	to	PART
ar-22392	49	13	keep	keep	VERB
ar-22392	49	14	the	the	DET
ar-22392	49	15	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	49	16	without	without	ADP
ar-22392	49	17	exhausting	exhaust	VERB
ar-22392	49	18	themselves	themselves	PRON
ar-22392	49	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	49	20	losing	lose	VERB
ar-22392	49	21	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	49	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	50	1	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	50	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	50	3	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	50	4	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	50	5	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	50	6	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	50	7	a	a	DET
ar-22392	50	8	continual	continual	ADJ
ar-22392	50	9	threat	threat	NOUN
ar-22392	50	10	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	50	11	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	50	12	’	’	PART
ar-22392	50	13	profitability	profitability	NOUN
ar-22392	50	14	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	50	15	supplying	supply	VERB
ar-22392	50	16	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ar-22392	50	17	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	50	18	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	50	19	not	not	PART
ar-22392	50	20	becoming	become	VERB
ar-22392	50	21	over	over	ADV
ar-22392	50	22	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	50	23	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	50	24	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	50	25	the	the	DET
ar-22392	50	26	extent	extent	NOUN
ar-22392	50	27	they	they	PRON
ar-22392	50	28	threaten	threaten	VERB
ar-22392	50	29	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	50	30	subsistence	subsistence	NOUN
ar-22392	50	31	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	50	32	the	the	DET
ar-22392	50	33	continual	continual	ADJ
ar-22392	50	34	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ar-22392	50	35	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	50	36	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	50	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	51	1	consider	consider	VERB
ar-22392	51	2	these	these	DET
ar-22392	51	3	three	three	NUM
ar-22392	51	4	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	51	5	together	together	ADV
ar-22392	51	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	52	1	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	52	2	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	52	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	52	4	having	have	VERB
ar-22392	52	5	an	an	DET
ar-22392	52	6	ample	ample	ADJ
ar-22392	52	7	supply	supply	NOUN
ar-22392	52	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	52	9	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	52	10	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	52	11	to	to	PART
ar-22392	52	12	employ	employ	VERB
ar-22392	52	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	52	14	varying	vary	VERB
ar-22392	52	15	amounts	amount	NOUN
ar-22392	52	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	52	17	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	52	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	52	19	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	52	20	use	use	NOUN
ar-22392	52	21	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	52	22	high	high	ADJ
ar-22392	52	23	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	52	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	52	25	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	52	26	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	52	27	central	central	ADJ
ar-22392	52	28	to	to	PART
ar-22392	52	29	profit	profit	VERB
ar-22392	52	30	maximization	maximization	NOUN
ar-22392	52	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	53	1	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	53	2	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	53	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	53	4	being	be	AUX
ar-22392	53	5	fully	fully	ADV
ar-22392	53	6	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	53	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	53	8	a	a	DET
ar-22392	53	9	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	53	10	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	53	11	allows	allow	VERB
ar-22392	53	12	them	they	PRON
ar-22392	53	13	to	to	PART
ar-22392	53	14	use	use	VERB
ar-22392	53	15	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	53	16	accomplished	accomplished	ADJ
ar-22392	53	17	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	53	18	without	without	ADP
ar-22392	53	19	exhausting	exhaust	VERB
ar-22392	53	20	efforts	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	53	21	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	53	22	the	the	DET
ar-22392	53	23	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ar-22392	53	24	condition	condition	NOUN
ar-22392	53	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	54	1	so	so	ADV
ar-22392	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	54	3	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	54	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	54	5	a	a	DET
ar-22392	54	6	highly	highly	ADV
ar-22392	54	7	contradictory	contradictory	ADJ
ar-22392	54	8	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
ar-22392	54	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	55	1	without	without	ADP
ar-22392	55	2	pretending	pretend	VERB
ar-22392	55	3	to	to	PART
ar-22392	55	4	resolve	resolve	VERB
ar-22392	55	5	the	the	DET
ar-22392	55	6	contradiction	contradiction	NOUN
ar-22392	55	7	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	55	8	standpoints	standpoint	NOUN
ar-22392	55	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	55	10	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	55	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	55	12	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	55	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	55	14	we	we	PRON
ar-22392	55	15	will	will	AUX
ar-22392	55	16	look	look	VERB
ar-22392	55	17	briefly	briefly	ADV
ar-22392	55	18	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	55	19	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22392	55	20	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ar-22392	55	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	55	22	then	then	ADV
ar-22392	55	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	55	24	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	55	25	briefly	briefly	ADV
ar-22392	55	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	55	27	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	55	28	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22392	55	29	/	/	SYM
ar-22392	55	30	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
ar-22392	55	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	56	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22392	56	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ar-22392	56	3	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	56	4	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	56	5	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	56	6	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	56	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	57	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	57	2	global	global	ADJ
ar-22392	57	3	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	57	4	today	today	NOUN
ar-22392	57	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	57	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	57	7	vast	vast	ADJ
ar-22392	57	8	majority	majority	NOUN
ar-22392	57	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	57	10	the	the	DET
ar-22392	57	11	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	57	12	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	57	13	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	57	14	located	locate	VERB
ar-22392	57	15	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	57	16	developing	develop	VERB
ar-22392	57	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	57	18	underdeveloped	underdeveloped	ADJ
ar-22392	57	19	countries	country	NOUN
ar-22392	57	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	1	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	58	2	a	a	DET
ar-22392	58	3	result	result	NOUN
ar-22392	58	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	58	5	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
ar-22392	58	6	enclosures	enclosure	NOUN
ar-22392	58	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	58	8	limited	limited	ADJ
ar-22392	58	9	urban	urban	ADJ
ar-22392	58	10	industrialization	industrialization	NOUN
ar-22392	58	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	12	there	there	PRON
ar-22392	58	13	are	be	VERB
ar-22392	58	14	now	now	ADV
ar-22392	58	15	massively	massively	ADV
ar-22392	58	16	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	58	17	adult	adult	NOUN
ar-22392	58	18	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	58	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	58	20	these	these	DET
ar-22392	58	21	countries	country	NOUN
ar-22392	58	22	without	without	ADP
ar-22392	58	23	any	any	DET
ar-22392	58	24	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
ar-22392	58	25	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	58	26	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	58	27	only	only	ADV
ar-22392	58	28	involuntary	involuntary	ADJ
ar-22392	58	29	parttime	parttime	NOUN
ar-22392	58	30	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	58	31	than	than	ADP
ar-22392	58	32	the	the	DET
ar-22392	58	33	numbers	number	NOUN
ar-22392	58	34	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	58	35	full	full	ADJ
ar-22392	58	36	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	37	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	58	38	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22392	58	39	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	58	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	41	a	a	DET
ar-22392	58	42	burgeoning	burgeon	VERB
ar-22392	58	43	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	44	relative	relative	ADJ
ar-22392	58	45	surplus	surplus	NOUN
ar-22392	58	46	population	population	NOUN
ar-22392	58	47	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	48	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	49	neilson	neilson	PROPN
ar-22392	58	50	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	58	51	stubbs	stubbs	PROPN
ar-22392	58	52	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	53	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	58	54	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	58	55	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	59	2	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	59	3	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	59	4	countries	country	NOUN
ar-22392	59	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	6	official	official	ADJ
ar-22392	59	7	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	59	8	rates	rate	NOUN
ar-22392	59	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	59	10	those	those	PRON
ar-22392	59	11	actively	actively	ADV
ar-22392	59	12	seeking	seek	VERB
ar-22392	59	13	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	59	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	15	the	the	DET
ar-22392	59	16	long	long	ADJ
ar-22392	59	17	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	18	term	term	NOUN
ar-22392	59	19	unemployed	unemployed	ADJ
ar-22392	59	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	21	discouraged	discourage	VERB
ar-22392	59	22	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	59	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	59	24	involuntary	involuntary	ADJ
ar-22392	59	25	part	part	ADJ
ar-22392	59	26	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	27	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	59	28	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	59	29	all	all	PRON
ar-22392	59	30	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	59	31	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	59	32	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	59	33	secularly	secularly	ADV
ar-22392	59	34	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	59	35	the	the	DET
ar-22392	59	36	50	50	NUM
ar-22392	59	37	|	|	ADV
ar-22392	59	38	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22392	59	39	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	59	40	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	59	41	the	the	DET
ar-22392	59	42	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22392	59	43	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	59	44	living	live	VERB
ar-22392	59	45	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	59	46	point	point	VERB
ar-22392	59	47	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	59	48	chronic	chronic	ADJ
ar-22392	59	49	structural	structural	ADJ
ar-22392	59	50	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	59	51	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	59	52	involuntary	involuntary	ADJ
ar-22392	59	53	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	59	54	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	59	55	becoming	becoming	AUX
ar-22392	59	56	widely	widely	ADV
ar-22392	59	57	recognized	recognize	VERB
ar-22392	59	58	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	59	59	major	major	ADJ
ar-22392	59	60	social	social	ADJ
ar-22392	59	61	problems	problem	NOUN
ar-22392	59	62	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	63	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	59	64	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22392	59	65	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	66	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	59	67	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	59	68	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	60	2	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	60	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	4	current	current	ADJ
ar-22392	60	5	estimates	estimate	NOUN
ar-22392	60	6	put	put	VERB
ar-22392	60	7	official	official	ADJ
ar-22392	60	8	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	60	9	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	60	10	around	around	ADV
ar-22392	60	11	7	7	NUM
ar-22392	60	12	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	60	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	60	14	the	the	DET
ar-22392	60	15	eligible	eligible	ADJ
ar-22392	60	16	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	60	17	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	60	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	19	involuntary	involuntary	ADJ
ar-22392	60	20	part	part	NOUN
ar-22392	60	21	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	22	timers	timer	NOUN
ar-22392	60	23	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	60	24	around	around	ADV
ar-22392	60	25	5	5	NUM
ar-22392	60	26	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	60	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	60	29	discouraged	discourage	VERB
ar-22392	60	30	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	60	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	32	including	include	VERB
ar-22392	60	33	many	many	ADJ
ar-22392	60	34	not	not	PART
ar-22392	60	35	actively	actively	ADV
ar-22392	60	36	searching	search	VERB
ar-22392	60	37	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	60	38	who	who	PRON
ar-22392	60	39	want	want	VERB
ar-22392	60	40	to	to	PART
ar-22392	60	41	work	work	VERB
ar-22392	60	42	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	43	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	60	44	up	up	ADP
ar-22392	60	45	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	60	46	similar	similar	ADJ
ar-22392	60	47	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
ar-22392	60	48	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	49	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22392	60	50	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	51	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	60	52	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	53	jackson	jackson	PROPN
ar-22392	60	54	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	55	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22392	60	56	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	60	57	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	61	1	so	so	ADV
ar-22392	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	61	3	up	up	ADV
ar-22392	61	4	to	to	PART
ar-22392	61	5	20	20	NUM
ar-22392	61	6	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	61	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	61	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	61	9	potential	potential	ADJ
ar-22392	61	10	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22392	61	11	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	61	12	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	61	13	could	could	AUX
ar-22392	61	14	now	now	ADV
ar-22392	61	15	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	61	16	underemployed	underemploye	VERB
ar-22392	61	17	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	61	18	the	the	DET
ar-22392	61	19	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	61	20	dimension	dimension	NOUN
ar-22392	61	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	61	22	a	a	DET
ar-22392	61	23	very	very	ADV
ar-22392	61	24	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ar-22392	61	25	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ar-22392	61	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	61	27	a	a	DET
ar-22392	61	28	growing	grow	VERB
ar-22392	61	29	trend	trend	NOUN
ar-22392	61	30	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	61	31	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22392	61	32	decades	decade	NOUN
ar-22392	61	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	62	1	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	62	2	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	62	3	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	62	4	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	62	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	63	1	if	if	SCONJ
ar-22392	63	2	the	the	DET
ar-22392	63	3	focus	focus	NOUN
ar-22392	63	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	63	5	limited	limit	VERB
ar-22392	63	6	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	63	7	the	the	DET
ar-22392	63	8	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	63	9	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	63	10	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	63	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	63	12	a	a	DET
ar-22392	63	13	primary	primary	ADJ
ar-22392	63	14	issue	issue	NOUN
ar-22392	63	15	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	63	16	the	the	DET
ar-22392	63	17	extent	extent	NOUN
ar-22392	63	18	to	to	PART
ar-22392	63	19	which	which	PRON
ar-22392	63	20	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	63	21	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	63	22	able	able	ADJ
ar-22392	63	23	to	to	PART
ar-22392	63	24	use	use	VERB
ar-22392	63	25	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	63	26	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	63	27	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	63	28	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	63	29	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	63	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	1	leaving	leave	VERB
ar-22392	64	2	aside	aside	ADV
ar-22392	64	3	the	the	DET
ar-22392	64	4	issue	issue	NOUN
ar-22392	64	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	64	6	different	different	ADJ
ar-22392	64	7	conceptions	conception	NOUN
ar-22392	64	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	64	9	measures	measure	NOUN
ar-22392	64	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	64	11	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	12	skill”,4	skill”,4	PROPN
ar-22392	64	13	a	a	DET
ar-22392	64	14	series	series	NOUN
ar-22392	64	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	64	16	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22392	64	17	national	national	ADJ
ar-22392	64	18	surveys	survey	NOUN
ar-22392	64	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	64	20	1998	1998	NUM
ar-22392	64	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	22	2004	2004	NUM
ar-22392	64	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	64	24	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22392	64	25	using	use	VERB
ar-22392	64	26	self	self	NOUN
ar-22392	64	27	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	28	report	report	NOUN
ar-22392	64	29	measures	measure	NOUN
ar-22392	64	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	31	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	64	32	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	64	33	credential	credential	ADJ
ar-22392	64	34	overqualification	overqualification	NOUN
ar-22392	64	35	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	64	36	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	64	37	entry	entry	NOUN
ar-22392	64	38	increased	increase	VERB
ar-22392	64	39	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	64	40	27	27	NUM
ar-22392	64	41	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	64	42	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	64	43	31	31	NUM
ar-22392	64	44	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	64	45	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	46	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	64	47	under	under	ADJ
ar-22392	64	48	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	64	49	qualification	qualification	NOUN
ar-22392	64	50	dropped	drop	VERB
ar-22392	64	51	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	64	52	22	22	NUM
ar-22392	64	53	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	64	54	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	64	55	18	18	NUM
ar-22392	64	56	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	64	57	during	during	ADP
ar-22392	64	58	this	this	DET
ar-22392	64	59	period	period	NOUN
ar-22392	64	60	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	65	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	65	2	same	same	ADJ
ar-22392	65	3	series	series	NOUN
ar-22392	65	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	65	5	surveys	survey	NOUN
ar-22392	65	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	65	7	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	65	8	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	65	9	the	the	DET
ar-22392	65	10	over	over	NOUN
ar-22392	65	11	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	65	12	qualification	qualification	NOUN
ar-22392	65	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	65	14	performance	performance	NOUN
ar-22392	65	15	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	65	16	remained	remain	VERB
ar-22392	65	17	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	65	18	about	about	ADV
ar-22392	65	19	28	28	NUM
ar-22392	65	20	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	65	21	through	through	ADP
ar-22392	65	22	this	this	DET
ar-22392	65	23	period	period	NOUN
ar-22392	65	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	65	25	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	65	26	the	the	DET
ar-22392	65	27	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ar-22392	65	28	under	under	ADP
ar-22392	65	29	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	65	30	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	65	31	dropped	drop	VERB
ar-22392	65	32	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	65	33	20	20	NUM
ar-22392	65	34	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	65	35	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	65	36	15	15	NUM
ar-22392	65	37	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	65	38	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	1	thirdly	thirdly	ADV
ar-22392	66	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	3	this	this	DET
ar-22392	66	4	series	series	NOUN
ar-22392	66	5	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	66	6	subjective	subjective	ADJ
ar-22392	66	7	feelings	feeling	NOUN
ar-22392	66	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	66	9	overqualification	overqualification	NOUN
ar-22392	66	10	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	66	11	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	66	12	22	22	NUM
ar-22392	66	13	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	66	14	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	66	15	30	30	NUM
ar-22392	66	16	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	66	17	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	66	18	this	this	DET
ar-22392	66	19	period	period	NOUN
ar-22392	66	20	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	66	21	subjective	subjective	ADJ
ar-22392	66	22	under	under	NOUN
ar-22392	66	23	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	24	qualification	qualification	NOUN
ar-22392	66	25	remained	remain	VERB
ar-22392	66	26	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	66	27	around	around	ADV
ar-22392	66	28	5	5	NUM
ar-22392	66	29	percent	percent	NOUN
ar-22392	66	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	31	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	66	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	33	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22392	66	34	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	35	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22392	66	36	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	66	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	67	1	if	if	SCONJ
ar-22392	67	2	these	these	DET
ar-22392	67	3	three	three	NUM
ar-22392	67	4	measures	measure	NOUN
ar-22392	67	5	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	67	6	combined	combine	VERB
ar-22392	67	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	67	8	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	67	9	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22392	67	10	a	a	DET
ar-22392	67	11	small	small	ADJ
ar-22392	67	12	majority	majority	NOUN
ar-22392	67	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	67	14	the	the	DET
ar-22392	67	15	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	67	16	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22392	67	17	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	67	18	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	67	19	reported	report	VERB
ar-22392	67	20	experiencing	experience	VERB
ar-22392	67	21	one	one	NUM
ar-22392	67	22	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	67	23	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	67	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	67	25	these	these	DET
ar-22392	67	26	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22392	67	27	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	67	28	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	67	29	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	67	30	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	67	31	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	67	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	68	1	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	68	2	few	few	ADJ
ar-22392	68	3	other	other	ADJ
ar-22392	68	4	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22392	68	5	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	68	6	considered	consider	VERB
ar-22392	68	7	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	68	8	combined	combined	ADJ
ar-22392	68	9	effects	effect	NOUN
ar-22392	68	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	68	11	there	there	PRON
ar-22392	68	12	are	be	VERB
ar-22392	68	13	now	now	ADV
ar-22392	68	14	many	many	ADJ
ar-22392	68	15	others	other	NOUN
ar-22392	68	16	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	68	17	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	68	18	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	68	19	similar	similar	ADJ
ar-22392	68	20	magnitudes	magnitude	NOUN
ar-22392	68	21	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	68	22	specific	specific	ADJ
ar-22392	68	23	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ar-22392	68	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	68	25	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	68	26	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	68	27	see	see	VERB
ar-22392	68	28	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	68	29	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	68	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	68	31	2016	2016	NUM
ar-22392	68	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	68	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	69	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	69	2	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22392	69	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ar-22392	69	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	69	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	69	6	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	69	7	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	69	8	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	69	9	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	69	10	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	69	11	being	be	AUX
ar-22392	69	12	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22392	69	13	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	69	14	a	a	DET
ar-22392	69	15	large	large	ADJ
ar-22392	69	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	69	17	growing	grow	VERB
ar-22392	69	18	portion	portion	NOUN
ar-22392	69	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	69	20	the	the	DET
ar-22392	69	21	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22392	69	22	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	69	23	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	69	24	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	69	25	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	69	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	69	27	throughout	throughout	ADP
ar-22392	69	28	the	the	DET
ar-22392	69	29	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	69	30	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	69	31	world	world	NOUN
ar-22392	69	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	70	1	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	70	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	70	3	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	70	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	71	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	71	2	weight	weight	NOUN
ar-22392	71	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	71	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ar-22392	71	5	suggests	suggest	VERB
ar-22392	71	6	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	71	7	the	the	DET
ar-22392	71	8	intensity	intensity	NOUN
ar-22392	71	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	71	10	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	71	11	required	require	VERB
ar-22392	71	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	71	13	many	many	ADJ
ar-22392	71	14	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	71	15	has	have	AUX
ar-22392	71	16	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	71	17	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	71	18	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	71	19	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22392	71	20	decades	decade	NOUN
ar-22392	71	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	72	1	average	average	ADJ
ar-22392	72	2	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	72	3	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	72	4	generally	generally	ADV
ar-22392	72	5	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	72	6	stagnant	stagnant	ADJ
ar-22392	72	7	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	72	8	this	this	DET
ar-22392	72	9	period	period	NOUN
ar-22392	72	10	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	72	11	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ar-22392	72	12	rates	rate	NOUN
ar-22392	72	13	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	72	14	increased	increase	VERB
ar-22392	72	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
ar-22392	72	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	72	17	carchedi	carchedi	PROPN
ar-22392	72	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	72	19	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	72	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	72	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	73	1	many	many	ADJ
ar-22392	73	2	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	73	3	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	73	4	taken	take	VERB
ar-22392	73	5	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	73	6	heavier	heavy	ADJ
ar-22392	73	7	workloads	workload	NOUN
ar-22392	73	8	without	without	ADP
ar-22392	73	9	comparable	comparable	ADJ
ar-22392	73	10	compensation	compensation	NOUN
ar-22392	73	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	74	1	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	74	2	example	example	NOUN
ar-22392	74	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	74	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	74	5	the	the	DET
ar-22392	74	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
ar-22392	74	7	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	74	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	74	9	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ar-22392	74	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	74	11	salaried	salary	VERB
ar-22392	74	12	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	74	13	entitled	entitle	VERB
ar-22392	74	14	to	to	PART
ar-22392	74	15	receive	receive	VERB
ar-22392	74	16	overtime	overtime	NOUN
ar-22392	74	17	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22392	74	18	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	74	19	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	74	20	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	74	21	dropped	drop	VERB
ar-22392	74	22	4	4	NUM
ar-22392	74	23	illustrations	illustration	NOUN
ar-22392	74	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	74	25	the	the	DET
ar-22392	74	26	effects	effect	NOUN
ar-22392	74	27	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	74	28	different	different	ADJ
ar-22392	74	29	measures	measure	NOUN
ar-22392	74	30	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	74	31	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	74	32	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	74	33	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	74	34	measures	measure	NOUN
ar-22392	74	35	may	may	AUX
ar-22392	74	36	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	74	37	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	74	38	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	74	39	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	74	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	74	41	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	74	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	74	43	2016	2016	NUM
ar-22392	74	44	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	74	45	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	1	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	75	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	3	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	75	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	5	acanadianperspective|51	acanadianperspective|51	ADP
ar-22392	75	6	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	75	7	about	about	ADV
ar-22392	75	8	three	three	NUM
ar-22392	75	9	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	10	quarters	quarter	NOUN
ar-22392	75	11	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	75	12	the	the	DET
ar-22392	75	13	1979	1979	NUM
ar-22392	75	14	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	75	15	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	75	16	period	period	NOUN
ar-22392	75	17	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	18	eisenberry	eisenberry	ADJ
ar-22392	75	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	20	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22392	75	21	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	75	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	76	1	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22392	76	2	numbers	number	NOUN
ar-22392	76	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	76	4	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	76	5	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	76	6	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	76	7	doing	do	VERB
ar-22392	76	8	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	76	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	76	10	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	76	11	less	less	ADJ
ar-22392	76	12	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22392	76	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	77	1	there	there	PRON
ar-22392	77	2	is	be	VERB
ar-22392	77	3	widespread	widespread	ADJ
ar-22392	77	4	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ar-22392	77	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	77	6	intensification	intensification	NOUN
ar-22392	77	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	77	8	few	few	ADJ
ar-22392	77	9	signs	sign	NOUN
ar-22392	77	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	77	11	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	77	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	77	13	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	77	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	78	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	78	2	sum	sum	NOUN
ar-22392	78	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	78	4	both	both	DET
ar-22392	78	5	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	78	6	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	78	7	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	78	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	78	9	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	78	10	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	78	11	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	78	12	aspects	aspect	NOUN
ar-22392	78	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	78	14	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	78	15	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	78	16	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	78	17	to	to	PART
ar-22392	78	18	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	78	19	very	very	ADV
ar-22392	78	20	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ar-22392	78	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	78	22	growing	grow	VERB
ar-22392	78	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	78	24	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22392	78	25	times	time	NOUN
ar-22392	78	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	78	27	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22392	78	28	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ar-22392	78	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	78	30	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	78	31	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	78	32	effort	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	78	33	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	78	34	becoming	become	VERB
ar-22392	78	35	rarer	rare	ADJ
ar-22392	78	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	78	37	rarer	rare	ADJ
ar-22392	78	38	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	79	1	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22392	79	2	/	/	SYM
ar-22392	79	3	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
ar-22392	79	4	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	79	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	79	6	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	79	7	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	79	8	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	79	9	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	79	10	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	79	11	now	now	ADV
ar-22392	79	12	persisting	persist	VERB
ar-22392	79	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	79	14	the	the	DET
ar-22392	79	15	potential	potential	ADJ
ar-22392	79	16	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	79	17	force	force	NOUN
ar-22392	79	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	79	19	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	79	20	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	79	21	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	79	22	through	through	ADP
ar-22392	79	23	different	different	ADJ
ar-22392	79	24	phases	phase	NOUN
ar-22392	79	25	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	79	26	business	business	NOUN
ar-22392	79	27	cycles	cycle	NOUN
ar-22392	79	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	1	whatever	whatever	DET
ar-22392	80	2	measures	measure	NOUN
ar-22392	80	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	80	4	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	80	5	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	80	6	used	use	VERB
ar-22392	80	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	8	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	80	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	80	10	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	80	11	clear	clear	ADJ
ar-22392	80	12	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	80	13	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	15	1	1	X
ar-22392	80	16	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	17	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	80	18	’	’	PART
ar-22392	80	19	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	80	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	80	21	extent	extent	NOUN
ar-22392	80	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	80	23	learning	learn	VERB
ar-22392	80	24	activities	activity	NOUN
ar-22392	80	25	now	now	ADV
ar-22392	80	26	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22392	80	27	exceed	exceed	VERB
ar-22392	80	28	the	the	DET
ar-22392	80	29	narrow	narrow	ADJ
ar-22392	80	30	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22392	80	31	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	80	32	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	80	33	existing	exist	VERB
ar-22392	80	34	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	80	35	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	36	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	37	2	2	X
ar-22392	80	38	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	39	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	80	40	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	80	41	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	80	42	applies	apply	VERB
ar-22392	80	43	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	80	44	computer	computer	NOUN
ar-22392	80	45	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	80	46	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	80	47	purported	purport	VERB
ar-22392	80	48	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	49	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	80	50	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	80	51	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	52	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	53	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	80	54	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	55	3	3	X
ar-22392	80	56	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	57	higher	high	ADJ
ar-22392	80	58	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	80	59	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ar-22392	80	60	extreme	extreme	ADJ
ar-22392	80	61	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22392	80	62	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	80	63	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	80	64	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	80	65	occur	occur	VERB
ar-22392	80	66	among	among	ADP
ar-22392	80	67	youths	youth	NOUN
ar-22392	80	68	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	69	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22392	80	70	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22392	80	71	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	72	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	80	73	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	80	74	colour	colour	NOUN
ar-22392	80	75	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	80	76	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	80	77	disabled	disabled	ADJ
ar-22392	80	78	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	80	79	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	81	1	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	81	2	have	have	AUX
ar-22392	81	3	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	81	4	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	81	5	found	find	VERB
ar-22392	81	6	to	to	PART
ar-22392	81	7	continually	continually	ADV
ar-22392	81	8	reformulate	reformulate	VERB
ar-22392	81	9	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	81	10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	81	11	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	81	12	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	81	13	micro	micro	VERB
ar-22392	81	14	-	-	VERB
ar-22392	81	15	modify	modify	VERB
ar-22392	81	16	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	81	17	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	81	18	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	81	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	82	1	a	a	DET
ar-22392	82	2	growing	grow	VERB
ar-22392	82	3	corpus	corpus	NOUN
ar-22392	82	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	82	5	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22392	82	6	learning	learn	VERB
ar-22392	82	7	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22392	82	8	indicate	indicate	VERB
ar-22392	82	9	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	82	10	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	82	11	’	’	PART
ar-22392	82	12	rich	rich	ADJ
ar-22392	82	13	array	array	NOUN
ar-22392	82	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	82	15	learning	learn	VERB
ar-22392	82	16	activities	activity	NOUN
ar-22392	82	17	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22392	82	18	exceed	exceed	VERB
ar-22392	82	19	current	current	ADJ
ar-22392	82	20	actual	actual	ADJ
ar-22392	82	21	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	82	22	requirements	requirement	NOUN
ar-22392	82	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	82	24	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	82	25	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	82	26	generally	generally	ADV
ar-22392	82	27	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	82	28	already	already	ADV
ar-22392	82	29	intently	intently	ADV
ar-22392	82	30	engaged	engage	VERB
ar-22392	82	31	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	82	32	an	an	DET
ar-22392	82	33	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	82	34	educational	educational	ADJ
ar-22392	82	35	arms	arm	NOUN
ar-22392	82	36	race	race	NOUN
ar-22392	82	37	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	82	38	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	82	39	credentials	credential	NOUN
ar-22392	82	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	82	41	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	82	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	82	43	2009	2009	NUM
ar-22392	82	44	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	82	45	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	83	1	these	these	DET
ar-22392	83	2	findings	finding	NOUN
ar-22392	83	3	should	should	AUX
ar-22392	83	4	raise	raise	VERB
ar-22392	83	5	serious	serious	ADJ
ar-22392	83	6	doubts	doubt	NOUN
ar-22392	83	7	about	about	ADP
ar-22392	83	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	83	9	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN
ar-22392	83	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	83	11	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22392	83	12	responses	response	NOUN
ar-22392	83	13	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	83	14	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	83	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	83	16	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	83	17	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	83	18	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	83	19	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	83	20	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	83	21	continue	continue	VERB
ar-22392	83	22	to	to	PART
ar-22392	83	23	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	83	24	preoccupied	preoccupy	VERB
ar-22392	83	25	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	83	26	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	83	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	83	28	training	training	NOUN
ar-22392	83	29	solutions	solution	NOUN
ar-22392	83	30	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	83	31	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22392	83	32	problems	problem	NOUN
ar-22392	83	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	84	1	advocates	advocate	NOUN
ar-22392	84	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	84	3	both	both	CCONJ
ar-22392	84	4	human	human	ADJ
ar-22392	84	5	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22392	84	6	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	84	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	84	8	a	a	DET
ar-22392	84	9	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	84	10	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	84	11	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	84	12	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	84	13	persist	persist	VERB
ar-22392	84	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	84	15	asserting	assert	VERB
ar-22392	84	16	educational	educational	ADJ
ar-22392	84	17	investment	investment	NOUN
ar-22392	84	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	84	19	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22392	84	20	funded	fund	VERB
ar-22392	84	21	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	84	22	students	student	NOUN
ar-22392	84	23	themselves	themselves	PRON
ar-22392	84	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	84	25	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	84	26	the	the	DET
ar-22392	84	27	answer	answer	NOUN
ar-22392	84	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	85	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
ar-22392	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	85	3	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	85	4	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	85	5	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	85	6	standpoint	standpoint	NOUN
ar-22392	85	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	85	8	a	a	DET
ar-22392	85	9	surplus	surplus	NOUN
ar-22392	85	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	85	11	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	85	12	may	may	AUX
ar-22392	85	13	continue	continue	VERB
ar-22392	85	14	to	to	PART
ar-22392	85	15	be	be	AUX
ar-22392	85	16	both	both	CCONJ
ar-22392	85	17	a	a	DET
ar-22392	85	18	short	short	ADJ
ar-22392	85	19	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	85	20	term	term	NOUN
ar-22392	85	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	85	22	long	long	ADJ
ar-22392	85	23	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	85	24	term	term	NOUN
ar-22392	85	25	benefit	benefit	NOUN
ar-22392	85	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	86	1	dominant	dominant	ADJ
ar-22392	86	2	discourse	discourse	NOUN
ar-22392	86	3	still	still	ADV
ar-22392	86	4	insists	insist	VERB
ar-22392	86	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	86	6	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	86	7	training	training	NOUN
ar-22392	86	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	86	9	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	86	10	information	information	NOUN
ar-22392	86	11	about	about	ADP
ar-22392	86	12	available	available	ADJ
ar-22392	86	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	86	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	86	15	generally	generally	ADV
ar-22392	86	16	diminishing	diminish	VERB
ar-22392	86	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	86	18	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	86	19	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	86	20	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	86	21	the	the	DET
ar-22392	86	22	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22392	86	23	solution	solution	NOUN
ar-22392	86	24	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	86	25	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	86	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	86	27	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	86	28	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	86	29	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	86	30	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	86	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	87	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	87	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ar-22392	87	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	87	4	an	an	DET
ar-22392	87	5	oversupply	oversupply	NOUN
ar-22392	87	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	87	7	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	87	8	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	87	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	87	10	now	now	ADV
ar-22392	87	11	essential	essential	ADJ
ar-22392	87	12	to	to	PART
ar-22392	87	13	maintain	maintain	VERB
ar-22392	87	14	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22392	87	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	87	16	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	87	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	87	18	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ar-22392	87	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	87	20	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	87	21	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	87	22	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	87	23	rarely	rarely	ADV
ar-22392	87	24	hinted	hint	VERB
ar-22392	87	25	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	87	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	88	1	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	88	2	provisions	provision	NOUN
ar-22392	88	3	can	can	AUX
ar-22392	88	4	always	always	ADV
ar-22392	88	5	been	be	AUX
ar-22392	88	6	improved	improve	VERB
ar-22392	88	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	88	8	as	as	ADV
ar-22392	88	9	well	well	ADV
ar-22392	88	10	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	88	11	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	88	12	equitable	equitable	ADJ
ar-22392	88	13	guidance	guidance	NOUN
ar-22392	88	14	services	service	NOUN
ar-22392	88	15	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	88	16	transitions	transition	NOUN
ar-22392	88	17	between	between	ADP
ar-22392	88	18	school	school	NOUN
ar-22392	88	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	88	20	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22392	88	21	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	88	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	1	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	89	2	effective	effective	ADJ
ar-22392	89	3	policies	policy	NOUN
ar-22392	89	4	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	89	5	reducing	reduce	VERB
ar-22392	89	6	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	89	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	89	8	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	89	9	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	10	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	89	11	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	89	12	are	be	AUX
ar-22392	89	13	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	89	14	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22392	89	15	to	to	PART
ar-22392	89	16	come	come	VERB
ar-22392	89	17	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	89	18	the	the	DET
ar-22392	89	19	adoption	adoption	NOUN
ar-22392	89	20	by	by	ADP
ar-22392	89	21	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	89	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	89	23	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	89	24	designs	design	NOUN
ar-22392	89	25	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	89	26	organizational	organizational	ADJ
ar-22392	89	27	practices	practice	NOUN
ar-22392	89	28	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	89	29	permit	permit	VERB
ar-22392	89	30	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	89	31	to	to	PART
ar-22392	89	32	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	89	33	fully	fully	ADV
ar-22392	89	34	use	use	VERB
ar-22392	89	35	existing	exist	VERB
ar-22392	89	36	52	52	NUM
ar-22392	89	37	|	|	ADV
ar-22392	89	38	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22392	89	39	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	89	40	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	89	41	the	the	DET
ar-22392	89	42	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22392	89	43	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	89	44	living	live	VERB
ar-22392	89	45	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	89	46	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	89	47	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	48	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	89	49	warhurst	warhurst	NOUN
ar-22392	89	50	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	89	51	findlay	findlay	PROPN
ar-22392	89	52	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	53	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22392	89	54	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	55	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	56	as	as	ADV
ar-22392	89	57	well	well	ADV
ar-22392	89	58	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	89	59	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	89	60	public	public	ADJ
ar-22392	89	61	policies	policy	NOUN
ar-22392	89	62	that	that	PRON
ar-22392	89	63	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
ar-22392	89	64	the	the	DET
ar-22392	89	65	redistribution	redistribution	NOUN
ar-22392	89	66	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	89	67	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22392	89	68	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	89	69	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	89	70	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	71	wider	wide	ADJ
ar-22392	89	72	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ar-22392	89	73	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	89	74	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	89	75	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	76	prior	prior	ADV
ar-22392	89	77	learning	learning	NOUN
ar-22392	89	78	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	79	incentives	incentive	NOUN
ar-22392	89	80	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	89	81	workplace	workplace	ADJ
ar-22392	89	82	democratization	democratization	NOUN
ar-22392	89	83	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	89	84	creation	creation	NOUN
ar-22392	89	85	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	89	86	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ar-22392	89	87	green	green	ADJ
ar-22392	89	88	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	89	89	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	90	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	89	91	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	92	2009	2009	NUM
ar-22392	89	93	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	89	94	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	90	1	gaining	gain	VERB
ar-22392	90	2	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	90	3	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	90	4	to	to	PART
ar-22392	90	5	cope	cope	VERB
ar-22392	90	6	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	90	7	our	our	PRON
ar-22392	90	8	environment	environment	NOUN
ar-22392	90	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	90	10	the	the	DET
ar-22392	90	11	most	most	ADV
ar-22392	90	12	inherently	inherently	ADV
ar-22392	90	13	human	human	ADJ
ar-22392	90	14	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22392	90	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	90	16	virtually	virtually	ADV
ar-22392	90	17	always	always	ADV
ar-22392	90	18	valuable	valuable	ADJ
ar-22392	90	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	91	1	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	91	2	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	91	3	only	only	ADV
ar-22392	91	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	91	5	the	the	DET
ar-22392	91	6	narrow	narrow	ADJ
ar-22392	91	7	sense	sense	NOUN
ar-22392	91	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	91	9	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
ar-22392	91	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	91	11	excess	excess	NOUN
ar-22392	91	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	91	13	what	what	PRON
ar-22392	91	14	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	91	15	require	require	VERB
ar-22392	91	16	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	91	17	specific	specific	ADJ
ar-22392	91	18	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	91	19	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	91	20	the	the	DET
ar-22392	91	21	concept	concept	NOUN
ar-22392	91	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	91	23	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	91	24	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	91	25	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	91	26	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	91	27	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	91	28	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	91	29	intelligible	intelligible	ADJ
ar-22392	91	30	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	91	31	wasted	waste	VERB
ar-22392	91	32	investment	investment	NOUN
ar-22392	91	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	1	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	92	2	the	the	DET
ar-22392	92	3	other	other	ADJ
ar-22392	92	4	hand	hand	NOUN
ar-22392	92	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	92	7	notion	notion	NOUN
ar-22392	92	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	92	9	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	10	over	over	ADP
ar-22392	92	11	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	12	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	92	13	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	14	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	92	15	rarely	rarely	ADV
ar-22392	92	16	heard	hear	VERB
ar-22392	92	17	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	18	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	92	19	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	92	20	absurd	absurd	ADJ
ar-22392	92	21	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	92	22	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22392	92	23	’	’	PART
ar-22392	92	24	standpoint	standpoint	NOUN
ar-22392	92	25	which	which	PRON
ar-22392	92	26	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	92	27	committed	commit	VERB
ar-22392	92	28	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	92	29	maximizing	maximize	VERB
ar-22392	92	30	the	the	DET
ar-22392	92	31	profit	profit	NOUN
ar-22392	92	32	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	92	33	generating	generate	VERB
ar-22392	92	34	efforts	effort	NOUN
ar-22392	92	35	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	92	36	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	92	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	93	1	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	93	2	some	some	DET
ar-22392	93	3	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	93	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	93	5	this	this	DET
ar-22392	93	6	notion	notion	NOUN
ar-22392	93	7	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	93	8	intelligible	intelligible	ADJ
ar-22392	93	9	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	93	10	intensification	intensification	NOUN
ar-22392	93	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	93	12	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	93	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	93	14	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22392	93	15	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	93	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	94	1	wider	wide	ADJ
ar-22392	94	2	recognition	recognition	NOUN
ar-22392	94	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	94	4	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	94	5	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	94	6	among	among	ADP
ar-22392	94	7	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22392	94	8	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	94	9	a	a	DET
ar-22392	94	10	precondition	precondition	NOUN
ar-22392	94	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	94	12	movement	movement	NOUN
ar-22392	94	13	toward	toward	ADP
ar-22392	94	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ar-22392	94	15	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22392	94	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	94	17	production	production	NOUN
ar-22392	94	18	based	base	VERB
ar-22392	94	19	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	94	20	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22392	94	21	democracy	democracy	NOUN
ar-22392	94	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	94	23	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ar-22392	94	24	relations	relation	NOUN
ar-22392	94	25	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	94	26	our	our	PRON
ar-22392	94	27	environment	environment	NOUN
ar-22392	94	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	94	29	decent	decent	ADJ
ar-22392	94	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	94	31	fulfilling	fulfil	VERB
ar-22392	94	32	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	94	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	95	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	95	2	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22392	95	3	pervasive	pervasive	ADJ
ar-22392	95	4	condition	condition	NOUN
ar-22392	95	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	95	6	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	95	7	within	within	ADP
ar-22392	95	8	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	95	9	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	95	10	provides	provide	VERB
ar-22392	95	11	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	95	12	highly	highly	ADV
ar-22392	95	13	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	95	14	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	95	15	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	95	16	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22392	95	17	to	to	PART
ar-22392	95	18	recognize	recognize	VERB
ar-22392	95	19	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22392	95	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	95	21	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	95	22	they	they	PRON
ar-22392	95	23	share	share	VERB
ar-22392	95	24	with	with	ADP
ar-22392	95	25	less	less	ADJ
ar-22392	95	26	qualified	qualified	ADJ
ar-22392	95	27	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	95	28	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	95	29	livingstone	livingstone	NOUN
ar-22392	95	30	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	95	31	scholtz	scholtz	PROPN
ar-22392	95	32	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	95	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	95	34	2016	2016	NUM
ar-22392	95	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	95	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	1	so	so	ADV
ar-22392	96	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	3	it	it	PRON
ar-22392	96	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22392	96	5	just	just	ADV
ar-22392	96	6	possible	possible	ADJ
ar-22392	96	7	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22392	96	8	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	96	9	will	will	AUX
ar-22392	96	10	also	also	ADV
ar-22392	96	11	provide	provide	VERB
ar-22392	96	12	more	more	ADJ
ar-22392	96	13	potential	potential	ADJ
ar-22392	96	14	time	time	NOUN
ar-22392	96	15	for	for	SCONJ
ar-22392	96	16	many	many	ADJ
ar-22392	96	17	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	96	18	to	to	PART
ar-22392	96	19	engage	engage	VERB
ar-22392	96	20	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	96	21	collective	collective	ADJ
ar-22392	96	22	movements	movement	NOUN
ar-22392	96	23	to	to	PART
ar-22392	96	24	create	create	VERB
ar-22392	96	25	such	such	ADJ
ar-22392	96	26	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ar-22392	96	27	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22392	96	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	96	29	production	production	NOUN
ar-22392	96	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	31	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
ar-22392	96	32	baiman	baiman	NOUN
ar-22392	96	33	et	et	PROPN
ar-22392	96	34	al	al	PROPN
ar-22392	96	35	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	96	36	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	37	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	96	38	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	39	gindin	gindin	VERB
ar-22392	96	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	41	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22392	96	42	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	96	43	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	1	references	reference	NOUN
ar-22392	97	2	baiman	baiman	PROPN
ar-22392	97	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22392	97	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	6	barclay	barclay	PROPN
ar-22392	97	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	8	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22392	97	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	10	hollander	hollander	PROPN
ar-22392	97	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	12	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22392	97	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	14	kurban	kurban	PROPN
ar-22392	97	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	16	h.	h.	PROPN
ar-22392	97	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	18	persky	persky	PROPN
ar-22392	97	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	20	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22392	97	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	22	redmond	redmond	PROPN
ar-22392	97	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	24	e.	e.	PROPN
ar-22392	97	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	26	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22392	97	27	rothenberg	rothenberg	PROPN
ar-22392	97	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	29	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22392	97	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	31	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	97	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	97	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	98	1	a	a	DET
ar-22392	98	2	permanent	permanent	ADJ
ar-22392	98	3	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	98	4	program	program	NOUN
ar-22392	98	5	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	98	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	98	7	us	we	PRON
ar-22392	98	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	98	9	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22392	98	10	restructuring	restructuring	NOUN
ar-22392	98	11	to	to	PART
ar-22392	98	12	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22392	98	13	human	human	ADJ
ar-22392	98	14	needs	need	NOUN
ar-22392	98	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	1	review	review	NOUN
ar-22392	99	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	99	3	black	black	ADJ
ar-22392	99	4	political	political	ADJ
ar-22392	99	5	economy,1	economy,1	NOUN
ar-22392	99	6	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	7	13	13	NUM
ar-22392	99	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	9	doi:10.1007	doi:10.1007	NOUN
ar-22392	99	10	/	/	SYM
ar-22392	99	11	s12114	s12114	PROPN
ar-22392	99	12	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	13	011	011	NUM
ar-22392	99	14	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	15	9118	9118	NUM
ar-22392	99	16	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	17	y.	y.	PROPN
ar-22392	99	18	carchedi	carchedi	PROPN
ar-22392	99	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	20	g.	g.	PROPN
ar-22392	99	21	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	22	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	99	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	99	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	100	1	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	100	2	behind	behind	ADV
ar-22392	100	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	100	4	beyond	beyond	ADP
ar-22392	100	5	the	the	DET
ar-22392	100	6	crisis	crisis	NOUN
ar-22392	100	7	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	100	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	101	1	international	international	ADJ
ar-22392	101	2	socialism	socialism	NOUN
ar-22392	101	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	101	4	a	a	DET
ar-22392	101	5	quarterly	quarterly	ADJ
ar-22392	101	6	review	review	NOUN
ar-22392	101	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	101	8	socialist	socialist	ADJ
ar-22392	101	9	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	101	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	102	1	http://isj.org.uk/behind-and-beyond-the-crisis	http://isj.org.uk/behind-and-beyond-the-crisis	NUM
ar-22392	102	2	eisenberry	eisenberry	ADJ
ar-22392	102	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	102	4	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22392	102	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	102	6	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22392	102	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	102	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	103	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	103	2	number	number	NOUN
ar-22392	103	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	103	4	salaried	salary	VERB
ar-22392	103	5	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	103	6	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB
ar-22392	103	7	overtime	overtime	NOUN
ar-22392	103	8	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22392	103	9	has	have	AUX
ar-22392	103	10	plummeted	plummet	VERB
ar-22392	103	11	since	since	SCONJ
ar-22392	103	12	1979	1979	NUM
ar-22392	103	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	104	1	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22392	104	2	policy	policy	PROPN
ar-22392	104	3	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22392	104	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	1	http://www.epi.org/publication/the-number-of-salaried-workersguaranteed-overtime-pay-has-plummeted-since-1979	http://www.epi.org/publication/the-number-of-salaried-workersguaranteed-overtime-pay-has-plummeted-since-1979	PROPN
ar-22392	105	2	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22392	105	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	4	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	stagnantwagesandunderemploymentinadvancedcapitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	105	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	6	acanadianperspective|53	acanadianperspective|53	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	7	gindin	gindin	PROPN
ar-22392	105	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	9	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22392	105	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	11	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22392	105	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	105	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	106	1	global	global	ADJ
ar-22392	106	2	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22392	106	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	106	4	bringing	bring	VERB
ar-22392	106	5	class	class	NOUN
ar-22392	106	6	back	back	ADV
ar-22392	106	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	106	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	107	1	socialist	socialist	ADJ
ar-22392	107	2	interventions	intervention	NOUN
ar-22392	107	3	pamphlet	pamphlet	NOUN
ar-22392	107	4	series	series	NOUN
ar-22392	107	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	108	1	http://www.socialistproject.ca/documents/globalissues.php	http://www.socialistproject.ca/documents/globalissues.php	PROPN
ar-22392	108	2	grugulis	grugulis	PROPN
ar-22392	108	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	108	4	i.	i.	PROPN
ar-22392	108	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	108	6	2003	2003	NUM
ar-22392	108	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	108	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	109	1	putting	put	VERB
ar-22392	109	2	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	109	3	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	109	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	109	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	109	6	learning	learning	NOUN
ar-22392	109	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	109	8	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	109	9	at	at	ADP
ar-22392	109	10	the	the	DET
ar-22392	109	11	start	start	NOUN
ar-22392	109	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	109	13	the	the	DET
ar-22392	109	14	century	century	NOUN
ar-22392	109	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	110	1	human	human	ADJ
ar-22392	110	2	resource	resource	NOUN
ar-22392	110	3	management	management	NOUN
ar-22392	110	4	journal	journal	NOUN
ar-22392	110	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	110	6	13(2	13(2	PROPN
ar-22392	110	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	110	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	110	9	3	3	NUM
ar-22392	110	10	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	110	11	12	12	NUM
ar-22392	110	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	111	1	hamper	hamper	PROPN
ar-22392	111	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	111	3	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22392	111	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	111	5	1991	1991	NUM
ar-22392	111	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	111	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	112	1	rivethead	rivethead	PROPN
ar-22392	112	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	113	1	tales	tale	NOUN
ar-22392	113	2	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	113	3	the	the	DET
ar-22392	113	4	assembly	assembly	NOUN
ar-22392	113	5	line	line	NOUN
ar-22392	113	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	114	1	new	new	PROPN
ar-22392	114	2	york	york	PROPN
ar-22392	114	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	114	4	warner	warner	PROPN
ar-22392	114	5	books	book	NOUN
ar-22392	114	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	115	1	jackson	jackson	PROPN
ar-22392	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	115	3	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22392	115	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	115	5	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22392	115	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	115	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	116	1	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	116	2	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	116	3	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	116	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	116	5	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	116	6	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	116	7	critical	critical	ADJ
ar-22392	116	8	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22392	116	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	117	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22392	117	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	117	3	scholar	scholar	NOUN
ar-22392	117	4	’s	’s	PART
ar-22392	117	5	press	press	NOUN
ar-22392	117	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	117	7	2nd	2nd	PROPN
ar-22392	117	8	edition	edition	NOUN
ar-22392	117	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	118	1	kalleberg	kalleberg	PROPN
ar-22392	118	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	118	3	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22392	118	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	118	5	2008	2008	NUM
ar-22392	118	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	118	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	119	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	119	2	mismatched	mismatched	ADJ
ar-22392	119	3	worker	worker	NOUN
ar-22392	119	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	119	5	when	when	SCONJ
ar-22392	119	6	people	people	NOUN
ar-22392	119	7	do	do	AUX
ar-22392	119	8	n’t	not	PART
ar-22392	119	9	fit	fit	VERB
ar-22392	119	10	their	their	PRON
ar-22392	119	11	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	119	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	120	1	academy	academy	PROPN
ar-22392	120	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	120	3	management	management	NOUN
ar-22392	120	4	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ar-22392	120	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	120	6	22(1	22(1	NUM
ar-22392	120	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	120	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	120	9	24	24	NUM
ar-22392	120	10	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	120	11	40	40	NUM
ar-22392	120	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	121	1	lieberman	lieberman	PROPN
ar-22392	121	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	121	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22392	121	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	121	5	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	121	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	121	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	122	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	122	2	re	re	NOUN
ar-22392	122	3	-	-	NOUN
ar-22392	122	4	examination	examination	NOUN
ar-22392	122	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	122	6	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ar-22392	122	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	122	8	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	122	9	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	122	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	123	1	alternate	alternate	ADJ
ar-22392	123	2	insight	insight	NOUN
ar-22392	123	3	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	124	1	http://www.alternativeinsight.com/reexamination_of_productivity_and_wages.html	http://www.alternativeinsight.com/reexamination_of_productivity_and_wages.html	PROPN
ar-22392	124	2	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	124	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	124	4	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	124	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	125	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	125	2	ed	ed	NOUN
ar-22392	125	3	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	125	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	125	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	126	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	126	2	2009	2009	NUM
ar-22392	126	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	126	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	127	1	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	127	2	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	127	3	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22392	127	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	127	5	exploring	explore	VERB
ar-22392	127	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	127	7	gaps	gap	NOUN
ar-22392	127	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	128	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22392	128	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	128	3	university	university	PROPN
ar-22392	128	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	128	5	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22392	128	6	press	press	PROPN
ar-22392	128	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	129	1	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	129	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	129	3	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	129	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	129	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	129	6	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22392	129	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	129	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	130	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	130	2	probing	probe	VERB
ar-22392	130	3	the	the	DET
ar-22392	130	4	icebergs	iceberg	NOUN
ar-22392	130	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	130	6	adult	adult	NOUN
ar-22392	130	7	learning	learning	NOUN
ar-22392	130	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	130	9	comparative	comparative	ADJ
ar-22392	130	10	findings	finding	NOUN
ar-22392	130	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	130	12	implications	implication	NOUN
ar-22392	130	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	130	14	the	the	DET
ar-22392	130	15	1998	1998	NUM
ar-22392	130	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	130	17	2004	2004	NUM
ar-22392	130	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	130	19	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22392	130	20	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22392	130	21	surveys	survey	NOUN
ar-22392	130	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	130	23	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22392	130	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	130	25	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22392	130	26	learning	learning	NOUN
ar-22392	130	27	practices	practice	NOUN
ar-22392	130	28	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	130	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	131	1	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22392	131	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ar-22392	131	3	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	131	4	the	the	DET
ar-22392	131	5	study	study	NOUN
ar-22392	131	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	131	7	adult	adult	NOUN
ar-22392	131	8	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	131	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	132	1	25	25	NUM
ar-22392	132	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	132	3	1	1	NUM
ar-22392	132	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	132	5	november	november	PROPN
ar-22392	132	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	132	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	132	8	47	47	NUM
ar-22392	132	9	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	132	10	71	71	NUM
ar-22392	132	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	133	1	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	133	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	133	3	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	133	4	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	133	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	133	6	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22392	133	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	133	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	134	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	134	2	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	134	3	utilization	utilization	NOUN
ar-22392	134	4	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	134	5	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
ar-22392	134	6	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	134	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	134	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	134	9	illusion	illusion	NOUN
ar-22392	134	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	134	11	an	an	DET
ar-22392	134	12	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ar-22392	134	13	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	134	14	mix	mix	NOUN
ar-22392	134	15	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	134	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	1	keynote	keynote	PROPN
ar-22392	135	2	address	address	NOUN
ar-22392	135	3	to	to	ADP
ar-22392	135	4	international	international	ADJ
ar-22392	135	5	conference	conference	NOUN
ar-22392	135	6	on	on	ADP
ar-22392	135	7	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	135	9	optimal	optimal	ADJ
ar-22392	135	10	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	135	11	mix	mix	NOUN
ar-22392	135	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	135	13	a	a	DET
ar-22392	135	14	modern	modern	ADJ
ar-22392	135	15	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	135	16	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	18	marbach	marbach	NOUN
ar-22392	135	19	castle	castle	NOUN
ar-22392	135	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	21	lake	lake	PROPN
ar-22392	135	22	constance	constance	PROPN
ar-22392	135	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	24	germany	germany	PROPN
ar-22392	135	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	135	26	september	september	PROPN
ar-22392	135	27	12	12	NUM
ar-22392	135	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	136	1	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	136	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	136	3	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	136	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	136	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	136	6	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	136	7	2016	2016	NUM
ar-22392	136	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	136	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	137	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	137	2	skill	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	137	3	underutilization	underutilization	NOUN
ar-22392	137	4	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	137	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	138	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	138	2	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22392	138	3	buchanan	buchanan	PROPN
ar-22392	138	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	138	5	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22392	138	6	finegold	finegold	PROPN
ar-22392	138	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	138	8	k.	k.	PROPN
ar-22392	138	9	mayhew	mayhew	PROPN
ar-22392	138	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	138	11	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22392	138	12	warhurst	warhurst	PROPN
ar-22392	138	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	138	14	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22392	138	15	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	138	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	139	1	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ar-22392	139	2	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ar-22392	139	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	139	4	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	139	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	139	6	training	training	NOUN
ar-22392	139	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	140	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
ar-22392	140	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	140	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ar-22392	140	4	university	university	PROPN
ar-22392	140	5	press	press	NOUN
ar-22392	140	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	141	1	54	54	NUM
ar-22392	141	2	|	|	ADV
ar-22392	141	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22392	141	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	141	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	141	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	141	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22392	141	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	141	9	living	live	VERB
ar-22392	141	10	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22392	141	11	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	141	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	141	13	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	141	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	142	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	142	2	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	142	3	2018	2018	NUM
ar-22392	142	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	142	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	143	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	143	2	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	143	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	143	4	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	143	5	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	143	6	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	143	7	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ar-22392	143	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	143	9	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22392	143	10	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	143	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	144	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	144	2	p.	p.	PROPN
ar-22392	144	3	albanese	albanese	PROPN
ar-22392	144	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	144	5	l	l	PROPN
ar-22392	144	6	tepperman	tepperman	NOUN
ar-22392	144	7	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	144	8	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22392	144	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	144	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	144	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	145	1	reading	read	VERB
ar-22392	145	2	sociology	sociology	NOUN
ar-22392	145	3	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	146	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22392	146	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	146	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ar-22392	146	4	university	university	PROPN
ar-22392	146	5	press	press	NOUN
ar-22392	146	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	147	1	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	147	3	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	147	4	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	147	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	147	6	a.	a.	NOUN
ar-22392	147	7	scholtz	scholtz	PROPN
ar-22392	147	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	148	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	148	2	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ
ar-22392	148	3	2016	2016	NUM
ar-22392	148	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	148	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	2	reconnecting	reconnecte	VERB
ar-22392	149	3	class	class	NOUN
ar-22392	149	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	149	5	production	production	NOUN
ar-22392	149	6	relations	relation	NOUN
ar-22392	149	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	149	8	an	an	DET
ar-22392	149	9	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22392	149	10	capitalist	capitalist	ADJ
ar-22392	149	11	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	12	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
ar-22392	149	13	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22392	149	14	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	15	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	16	changing	change	VERB
ar-22392	149	17	class	class	NOUN
ar-22392	149	18	structure	structure	NOUN
ar-22392	149	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	149	20	class	class	NOUN
ar-22392	149	21	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
ar-22392	149	22	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	149	24	capital	capital	PROPN
ar-22392	149	25	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22392	149	26	class	class	PROPN
ar-22392	149	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	1	mckee	mckee	PROPN
ar-22392	150	2	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	3	ryan	ryan	PROPN
ar-22392	150	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	5	f.	f.	PROPN
ar-22392	150	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	7	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22392	150	8	harvey	harvey	PROPN
ar-22392	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	10	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22392	150	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	12	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	150	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	150	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	151	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	151	2	i	i	PRON
ar-22392	151	3	have	have	VERB
ar-22392	151	4	a	a	DET
ar-22392	151	5	job	job	NOUN
ar-22392	151	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	151	7	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22392	151	8	...	...	PUNCT
ar-22392	151	9	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22392	151	10	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	151	11	a	a	DET
ar-22392	151	12	review	review	NOUN
ar-22392	151	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	151	14	underemployment	underemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	151	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	152	1	journal	journal	PROPN
ar-22392	152	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	152	3	management	management	NOUN
ar-22392	152	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	152	5	37(4	37(4	PROPN
ar-22392	152	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	152	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	152	8	962	962	NUM
ar-22392	152	9	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	152	10	996	996	NUM
ar-22392	152	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	153	1	neilson	neilson	PROPN
ar-22392	153	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	153	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22392	153	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	153	5	t.	t.	PROPN
ar-22392	153	6	stubbs	stubbs	PROPN
ar-22392	153	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	154	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	154	2	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	154	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	154	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	155	1	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	155	2	relative	relative	ADJ
ar-22392	155	3	surplus	surplus	ADJ
ar-22392	155	4	population	population	NOUN
ar-22392	155	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	155	6	uneven	uneven	ADJ
ar-22392	155	7	development	development	NOUN
ar-22392	155	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	155	9	the	the	DET
ar-22392	155	10	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22392	155	11	era	era	NOUN
ar-22392	155	12	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	155	13	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	155	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	155	15	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22392	155	16	application	application	NOUN
ar-22392	155	17	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22392	155	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	156	1	capital	capital	PROPN
ar-22392	156	2	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22392	156	3	class	class	PROPN
ar-22392	156	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	157	1	35(3	35(3	NUM
ar-22392	157	2	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	157	3	435–453	435–453	NUM
ar-22392	157	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	158	1	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22392	158	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	158	3	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	158	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	158	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	159	1	preventing	prevent	VERB
ar-22392	159	2	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22392	159	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	159	4	underemployment	underemployment	ADJ
ar-22392	159	5	from	from	ADP
ar-22392	159	6	becoming	become	VERB
ar-22392	159	7	structural	structural	ADJ
ar-22392	159	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	160	1	paris	paris	PROPN
ar-22392	160	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	161	1	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22392	161	2	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	161	3	report	report	NOUN
ar-22392	161	4	prepared	prepare	VERB
ar-22392	161	5	for	for	ADP
ar-22392	161	6	the	the	DET
ar-22392	161	7	g20	g20	NOUN
ar-22392	161	8	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	161	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	161	10	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22392	161	11	ministerial	ministerial	ADJ
ar-22392	161	12	meeting	meeting	NOUN
ar-22392	161	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	161	14	melbourne	melbourne	PROPN
ar-22392	161	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	161	16	australia	australia	PROPN
ar-22392	161	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	161	18	10	10	NUM
ar-22392	161	19	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	161	20	11	11	NUM
ar-22392	161	21	september	september	PROPN
ar-22392	161	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	162	1	office	office	NOUN
ar-22392	162	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	162	3	the	the	DET
ar-22392	162	4	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ
ar-22392	162	5	budget	budget	NOUN
ar-22392	162	6	officer	officer	NOUN
ar-22392	162	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	163	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	163	2	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	163	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	163	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	164	1	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22392	164	2	market	market	NOUN
ar-22392	164	3	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ar-22392	164	4	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22392	164	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	165	1	ottawa	ottawa	PROPN
ar-22392	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	165	3	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22392	165	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	165	5	march	march	PROPN
ar-22392	165	6	25	25	NUM
ar-22392	165	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	166	1	www.pbo.dpb.gc.ca	www.pbo.dpb.gc.ca	NOUN
ar-22392	166	2	pankhurst	pankhurst	NOUN
ar-22392	166	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	166	4	k.v	k.v	PROPN
ar-22392	166	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	166	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	166	7	d.w	d.w	PROPN
ar-22392	166	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	166	9	livingstone	livingstone	PROPN
ar-22392	166	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	167	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	167	2	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22392	167	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	167	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	168	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	168	2	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22392	168	3	process	process	NOUN
ar-22392	168	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	168	5	individual	individual	ADJ
ar-22392	168	6	learning	learning	NOUN
ar-22392	168	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	168	8	work	work	NOUN
ar-22392	168	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	168	10	productivity	productivity	NOUN
ar-22392	168	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	169	1	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22392	169	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	169	3	continuing	continue	VERB
ar-22392	169	4	education	education	NOUN
ar-22392	169	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	170	1	28	28	NUM
ar-22392	170	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	170	3	1	1	NUM
ar-22392	170	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	170	5	march	march	PROPN
ar-22392	170	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	170	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	170	8	1	1	NUM
ar-22392	170	9	-	-	SYM
ar-22392	170	10	16	16	NUM
ar-22392	170	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	171	1	warhurst	warhurst	NOUN
ar-22392	171	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	171	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22392	171	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	171	5	p.	p.	PROPN
ar-22392	171	6	findlay	findlay	PROPN
ar-22392	171	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	172	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	172	2	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22392	172	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	172	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	173	1	more	more	ADV
ar-22392	173	2	effective	effective	ADJ
ar-22392	173	3	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	173	4	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
ar-22392	173	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	173	6	shifting	shift	VERB
ar-22392	173	7	the	the	DET
ar-22392	173	8	terrain	terrain	NOUN
ar-22392	173	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	173	10	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22392	173	11	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22392	173	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	173	13	scotland	scotland	PROPN
ar-22392	173	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	174	1	cardiff	cardiff	NOUN
ar-22392	174	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22392	174	3	school	school	NOUN
ar-22392	174	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	174	5	social	social	ADJ
ar-22392	174	6	sciences	science	NOUN
ar-22392	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	174	8	cardiff	cardiff	NOUN
ar-22392	174	9	university	university	NOUN
ar-22392	174	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	175	1	skope	skope	NOUN
ar-22392	175	2	research	research	NOUN
ar-22392	175	3	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22392	175	4	no	no	INTJ
ar-22392	175	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22392	176	1	107	107	NUM
ar-22392	176	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	176	3	january	january	PROPN
ar-22392	176	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	176	5	www.skope.ox.ac.uk	www.skope.ox.ac.uk	PROPN
ar-22392	176	6	yates	yates	PROPN
ar-22392	176	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	176	8	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22392	176	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22392	176	10	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22392	176	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	176	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	177	1	the	the	DET
ar-22392	177	2	human	human	NOUN
ar-22392	177	3	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	177	4	as	as	ADP
ar-22392	177	5	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22392	177	6	waste	waste	NOUN
ar-22392	177	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	177	8	the	the	DET
ar-22392	177	9	labor	labor	NOUN
ar-22392	177	10	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22392	177	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22392	177	12	value	value	NOUN
ar-22392	177	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22392	177	14	disposability	disposability	NOUN
ar-22392	177	15	in	in	ADP
ar-22392	177	16	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
ar-22392	177	17	capitalism	capitalism	NOUN
ar-22392	177	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22392	178	1	antipode	antipode	VERB
ar-22392	178	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	178	3	43(5	43(5	NOUN
ar-22392	178	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22392	178	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22392	178	6	16791695	16791695	NUM
ar-22392	178	7	.	.	PUNCT