id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ar-22396	1	1	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	1	2	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	1	3	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	1	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	1	5	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	1	6	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	1	7	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	1	8	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	1	9	137	137	NUM
ar-22396	1	10	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	1	11	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	1	12	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	1	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	1	14	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	1	15	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	1	16	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	1	17	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	1	19	survival	survival	NOUN
ar-22396	1	20	experiences	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	1	21	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	1	22	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	1	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	1	24	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	1	25	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	1	26	keren	keren	PROPN
ar-22396	1	27	gottfried1	gottfried1	PROPN
ar-22396	1	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	29	john	john	PROPN
ar-22396	1	30	shields2	shields2	PROPN
ar-22396	1	31	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	32	nasima	nasima	PROPN
ar-22396	1	33	akter3	akter3	PROPN
ar-22396	1	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	35	diane	diane	PROPN
ar-22396	1	36	dyson4	dyson4	PROPN
ar-22396	1	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	38	sevgul	sevgul	NOUN
ar-22396	1	39	topkara	topkara	PROPN
ar-22396	1	40	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	41	sarsu5	sarsu5	NOUN
ar-22396	1	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	43	haweiya	haweiya	ADJ
ar-22396	1	44	egeh6	egeh6	PROPN
ar-22396	1	45	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	46	sandra	sandra	PROPN
ar-22396	1	47	guerra7	guerra7	PROPN
ar-22396	1	48	abstract	abstract	PROPN
ar-22396	1	49	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	1	50	this	this	DET
ar-22396	1	51	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22396	1	52	lies	lie	VERB
ar-22396	1	53	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	1	54	the	the	DET
ar-22396	1	55	intersection	intersection	NOUN
ar-22396	1	56	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	1	57	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	1	58	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	1	59	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	1	60	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	1	61	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	1	62	experiences	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	1	63	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	2	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	2	2	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	2	3	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	2	4	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	2	5	evolved	evolve	VERB
ar-22396	2	6	over	over	ADP
ar-22396	2	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	2	8	past	past	ADJ
ar-22396	2	9	few	few	ADJ
ar-22396	2	10	decades	decade	NOUN
ar-22396	2	11	such	such	ADJ
ar-22396	2	12	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	2	13	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	2	14	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	2	15	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22396	2	16	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	2	17	poorly	poorly	ADV
ar-22396	2	18	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	2	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	2	20	insecure	insecure	ADJ
ar-22396	2	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	2	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	2	23	lacking	lack	VERB
ar-22396	2	24	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	2	25	employee	employee	NOUN
ar-22396	2	26	protections	protection	NOUN
ar-22396	2	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	3	1	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	3	2	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	3	3	overrepresented	overrepresente	VERB
ar-22396	3	4	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	3	5	those	those	DET
ar-22396	3	6	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	3	7	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	3	8	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	3	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	3	10	face	face	NOUN
ar-22396	3	11	compounded	compound	VERB
ar-22396	3	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	3	13	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	3	14	achieving	achieve	VERB
ar-22396	3	15	socio	socio	NOUN
ar-22396	3	16	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	3	17	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	3	18	stability	stability	NOUN
ar-22396	3	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	4	1	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	4	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	4	3	especially	especially	ADV
ar-22396	4	4	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	4	5	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	4	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	4	7	experience	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	4	8	heightened	heighten	VERB
ar-22396	4	9	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22396	4	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	4	11	marginalization	marginalization	NOUN
ar-22396	4	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	4	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	4	14	process	process	NOUN
ar-22396	4	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	4	16	trying	try	VERB
ar-22396	4	17	to	to	PART
ar-22396	4	18	economically	economically	ADV
ar-22396	4	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	4	20	socially	socially	ADV
ar-22396	4	21	integrate	integrate	VERB
ar-22396	4	22	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	4	23	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	4	24	society	society	NOUN
ar-22396	4	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	5	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	5	2	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22396	5	3	investigates	investigate	VERB
ar-22396	5	4	how	how	SCONJ
ar-22396	5	5	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	5	6	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	5	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	5	8	an	an	DET
ar-22396	5	9	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	5	10	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	5	11	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	5	12	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	5	13	navigates	navigate	VERB
ar-22396	5	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	5	15	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	5	16	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	5	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	5	18	survive	survive	VERB
ar-22396	5	19	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	5	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	5	21	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	5	22	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	5	23	realities	reality	NOUN
ar-22396	5	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	6	1	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	6	2	makes	make	VERB
ar-22396	6	3	use	use	NOUN
ar-22396	6	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	6	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	6	6	unique	unique	ADJ
ar-22396	6	7	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22396	6	8	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	6	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	6	10	this	this	DET
ar-22396	6	11	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	6	12	to	to	PART
ar-22396	6	13	help	help	VERB
ar-22396	6	14	shed	shed	VERB
ar-22396	6	15	light	light	NOUN
ar-22396	6	16	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	6	17	the	the	DET
ar-22396	6	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	6	19	lives	life	NOUN
ar-22396	6	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	6	21	this	this	DET
ar-22396	6	22	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	6	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ar-22396	7	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	3	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	7	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	5	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	7	6	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	7	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	8	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	7	9	research	research	NOUN
ar-22396	7	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	11	neoliberalism	neoliberalism	NOUN
ar-22396	7	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	13	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	7	14	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	7	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	7	16	rise	rise	NOUN
ar-22396	7	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	7	18	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	7	19	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	7	20	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	7	21	a	a	DET
ar-22396	7	22	key	key	ADJ
ar-22396	7	23	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
ar-22396	7	24	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	7	25	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	7	26	a	a	DET
ar-22396	7	27	defining	define	VERB
ar-22396	7	28	feature	feature	NOUN
ar-22396	7	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	7	30	the	the	DET
ar-22396	7	31	21st	21st	ADJ
ar-22396	7	32	century	century	NOUN
ar-22396	7	33	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	7	34	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	7	35	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	7	36	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	37	lewchuk	lewchuk	PROPN
ar-22396	7	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	39	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	7	40	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	7	41	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	7	42	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	7	43	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	7	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	8	1	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	8	2	keren	keren	PROPN
ar-22396	8	3	gottfried	gottfried	PROPN
ar-22396	8	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	8	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	8	6	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	8	7	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	8	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	8	9	performance	performance	NOUN
ar-22396	8	10	measurement	measurement	NOUN
ar-22396	8	11	professional	professional	NOUN
ar-22396	8	12	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	8	13	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	8	14	worked	work	VERB
ar-22396	8	15	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	8	16	indigenous	indigenous	ADJ
ar-22396	8	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	8	18	northern	northern	ADJ
ar-22396	8	19	affairs	affairs	PROPN
ar-22396	8	20	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	8	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	8	22	ipsos	ipsos	PROPN
ar-22396	8	23	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	8	24	public	public	PROPN
ar-22396	8	25	affairs	affair	NOUN
ar-22396	8	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	9	1	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	9	2	john	john	PROPN
ar-22396	9	3	shields	shields	PROPN
ar-22396	9	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	9	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	9	6	professor	professor	NOUN
ar-22396	9	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	9	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	9	9	department	department	NOUN
ar-22396	9	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	9	11	politics	politic	NOUN
ar-22396	9	12	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	9	13	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	9	14	administration	administration	NOUN
ar-22396	9	15	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	9	16	ryerson	ryerson	NOUN
ar-22396	9	17	university	university	NOUN
ar-22396	9	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	10	1	he	he	PRON
ar-22396	10	2	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	10	3	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	10	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	10	5	acting	act	VERB
ar-22396	10	6	academic	academic	ADJ
ar-22396	10	7	director	director	NOUN
ar-22396	10	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	10	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	10	10	ryerson	ryerson	NOUN
ar-22396	10	11	centre	centre	NOUN
ar-22396	10	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	10	13	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	10	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	10	15	settlement	settlement	NOUN
ar-22396	10	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	10	17	rcis	rcis	PROPN
ar-22396	10	18	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	10	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	11	1	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	11	2	nasima	nasima	PROPN
ar-22396	11	3	akter	akter	NOUN
ar-22396	11	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	11	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	11	6	executive	executive	ADJ
ar-22396	11	7	director	director	NOUN
ar-22396	11	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	11	9	bangladesh­canadian	bangladesh­canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	11	10	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	11	11	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	11	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	12	1	4	4	NUM
ar-22396	12	2	diane	diane	NOUN
ar-22396	12	3	dyson	dyson	NOUN
ar-22396	12	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	12	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	12	6	director	director	NOUN
ar-22396	12	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	12	8	research	research	NOUN
ar-22396	12	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	12	10	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	12	11	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	12	12	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	12	13	woodgreen	woodgreen	PROPN
ar-22396	12	14	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	12	15	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	12	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	13	1	5	5	NUM
ar-22396	13	2	sevgul	sevgul	NOUN
ar-22396	13	3	topkara­sarsu	topkara­sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	13	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	13	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	13	6	manager	manager	NOUN
ar-22396	13	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	13	8	settlement	settlement	NOUN
ar-22396	13	9	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	13	10	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	13	11	woodgreen	woodgreen	PROPN
ar-22396	13	12	communıty	communıty	PROPN
ar-22396	13	13	services	services	PROPN
ar-22396	13	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	14	1	6	6	NUM
ar-22396	14	2	haweiya	haweiya	ADP
ar-22396	14	3	egeh	egeh	PROPN
ar-22396	14	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	14	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	14	6	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	14	7	development	development	NOUN
ar-22396	14	8	officer	officer	NOUN
ar-22396	14	9	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	14	10	the	the	DET
ar-22396	14	11	city	city	NOUN
ar-22396	14	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	14	13	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	14	14	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	14	15	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	14	16	newcomer	newcomer	PROPN
ar-22396	14	17	office	office	NOUN
ar-22396	14	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	15	1	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	15	2	sandra	sandra	PROPN
ar-22396	15	3	guerra	guerra	PROPN
ar-22396	15	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	15	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	15	6	partnership	partnership	NOUN
ar-22396	15	7	coordinator	coordinator	NOUN
ar-22396	15	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	15	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	15	10	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	15	11	south	south	PROPN
ar-22396	15	12	local	local	PROPN
ar-22396	15	13	immigration	immigration	PROPN
ar-22396	15	14	partnership	partnership	NOUN
ar-22396	15	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	16	1	138	138	NUM
ar-22396	16	2	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	16	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	16	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	16	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	16	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	16	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	16	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	16	9	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	16	10	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	16	11	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	16	12	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	16	13	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	16	14	once	once	ADV
ar-22396	16	15	formed	form	VERB
ar-22396	16	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	16	17	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN
ar-22396	16	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	16	19	middle	middle	ADJ
ar-22396	16	20	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	16	21	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	16	22	no	no	ADV
ar-22396	16	23	longer	long	ADV
ar-22396	16	24	offer	offer	VERB
ar-22396	16	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	16	26	stability	stability	NOUN
ar-22396	16	27	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	16	28	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	16	29	rewards	reward	NOUN
ar-22396	16	30	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	16	31	once	once	ADV
ar-22396	16	32	provided	provide	VERB
ar-22396	16	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	17	1	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	17	2	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	17	3	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	17	4	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	17	5	defined	define	VERB
ar-22396	17	6	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	17	7	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	17	8	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	17	9	has	have	VERB
ar-22396	17	10	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	17	11	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	17	12	security	security	NOUN
ar-22396	17	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	17	14	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	17	15	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22396	17	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	17	17	employee	employee	NOUN
ar-22396	17	18	protections	protection	NOUN
ar-22396	17	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	17	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	17	21	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	17	22	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	17	23	often	often	ADV
ar-22396	17	24	poorly	poorly	ADV
ar-22396	17	25	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	17	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	18	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	18	2	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	18	3	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	18	4	commonly	commonly	ADV
ar-22396	18	5	part­time	part­time	NOUN
ar-22396	18	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	18	7	temporary	temporary	ADJ
ar-22396	18	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	18	9	shift	shift	NOUN
ar-22396	18	10	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	18	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	18	12	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	18	13	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	18	14	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	18	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	18	16	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	18	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	18	18	which	which	PRON
ar-22396	18	19	exist	exist	VERB
ar-22396	18	20	outside	outside	ADP
ar-22396	18	21	the	the	DET
ar-22396	18	22	formally­recognized	formally­recognized	ADJ
ar-22396	18	23	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	18	24	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	18	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	19	1	this	this	DET
ar-22396	19	2	shift	shift	NOUN
ar-22396	19	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	19	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	19	5	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	19	6	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	19	7	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	19	8	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	19	9	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	19	10	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	19	11	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	19	12	taking	take	VERB
ar-22396	19	13	place	place	NOUN
ar-22396	19	14	not	not	PART
ar-22396	19	15	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	19	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	19	17	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	19	18	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	19	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	19	20	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	19	21	developed	developed	ADJ
ar-22396	19	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	19	23	developing	develop	VERB
ar-22396	19	24	countries	country	NOUN
ar-22396	19	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	20	2	international	international	ADJ
ar-22396	20	3	labour	labour	PROPN
ar-22396	20	4	organization	organization	NOUN
ar-22396	20	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	6	ilo	ilo	PROPN
ar-22396	20	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	8	identifies	identify	VERB
ar-22396	20	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	20	10	absence	absence	NOUN
ar-22396	20	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	20	12	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	13	decent	decent	ADJ
ar-22396	20	14	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	20	15	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	16	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	20	17	the	the	DET
ar-22396	20	18	new	new	ADJ
ar-22396	20	19	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	20	20	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	20	21	reality	reality	NOUN
ar-22396	20	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	23	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22396	20	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	20	27	reflects	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	20	28	a	a	DET
ar-22396	20	29	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	30	decent	decent	ADJ
ar-22396	20	31	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	20	32	deficit	deficit	NOUN
ar-22396	20	33	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	34	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	35	likić­brborić	likić­brborić	ADJ
ar-22396	20	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	20	37	schierup	schierup	NOUN
ar-22396	20	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	39	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	20	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	41	229	229	NUM
ar-22396	20	42	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	20	43	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	21	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	21	2	ilo	ilo	PROPN
ar-22396	21	3	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ar-22396	21	4	tell	tell	VERB
ar-22396	21	5	us	we	PRON
ar-22396	21	6	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	21	7	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	21	8	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	21	9	half	half	NOUN
ar-22396	21	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	21	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	21	12	world	world	NOUN
ar-22396	21	13	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	21	14	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	21	15	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	21	16	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	21	17	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	21	18	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	21	19	insecure	insecure	ADJ
ar-22396	21	20	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	21	21	today	today	NOUN
ar-22396	21	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	21	23	wise	wise	ADJ
ar-22396	21	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	21	25	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	21	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	21	27	28	28	NUM
ar-22396	21	28	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	21	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	22	2	organization	organization	NOUN
ar-22396	22	3	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	22	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	22	5	co­operation	co­operation	PROPN
ar-22396	22	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	22	7	development	development	NOUN
ar-22396	22	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	9	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22396	22	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	11	situates	situate	VERB
ar-22396	22	12	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	22	13	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	22	14	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	22	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	22	16	intersection	intersection	NOUN
ar-22396	22	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	22	18	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	19	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	22	20	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	22	21	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	22	22	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	22	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	22	24	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	22	25	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	22	26	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	22	27	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	22	28	insecurity	insecurity	NOUN
ar-22396	22	29	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	31	campbell	campbell	PROPN
ar-22396	22	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	33	1996	1996	NUM
ar-22396	22	34	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	22	35	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	1	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22396	23	2	generally	generally	ADV
ar-22396	23	3	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	23	4	pushed	push	VERB
ar-22396	23	5	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	23	6	these	these	DET
ar-22396	23	7	positions	position	NOUN
ar-22396	23	8	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	23	9	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	23	10	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	23	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	23	12	only	only	ADJ
ar-22396	23	13	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	23	14	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	23	15	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	23	16	able	able	ADJ
ar-22396	23	17	to	to	PART
ar-22396	23	18	find	find	VERB
ar-22396	23	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	23	20	today	today	NOUN
ar-22396	23	21	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	23	22	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	23	23	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	23	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	23	25	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	23	26	quickly	quickly	ADV
ar-22396	23	27	discover	discover	VERB
ar-22396	23	28	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	23	29	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	23	30	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	31	minimal	minimal	ADJ
ar-22396	23	32	control	control	NOUN
ar-22396	23	33	over	over	ADP
ar-22396	23	34	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	23	35	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	23	36	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	37	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	38	law	law	NOUN
ar-22396	23	39	commission	commission	PROPN
ar-22396	23	40	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	23	41	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	23	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	43	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22396	23	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	45	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	23	46	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	23	47	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	24	2	report	report	NOUN
ar-22396	24	3	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	24	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	24	5	wellesley	wellesley	PROPN
ar-22396	24	6	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22396	24	7	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	8	akter	akter	PROPN
ar-22396	24	9	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	24	10	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	24	11	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	24	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	13	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	24	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	15	notes	note	VERB
ar-22396	24	16	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	24	17	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	24	18	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	24	19	often	often	ADV
ar-22396	24	20	reflects	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	24	21	substandard	substandard	ADJ
ar-22396	24	22	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	24	23	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	24	24	do	do	AUX
ar-22396	24	25	not	not	PART
ar-22396	24	26	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	24	27	legislated	legislate	VERB
ar-22396	24	28	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ar-22396	24	29	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	24	30	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	24	31	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	24	32	minimum	minimum	NOUN
ar-22396	24	33	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	24	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	35	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	24	36	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	24	37	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	24	38	limitations	limitation	NOUN
ar-22396	24	39	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	40	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	24	41	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	24	42	safety	safety	NOUN
ar-22396	24	43	codes	code	NOUN
ar-22396	24	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	45	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	24	46	the	the	DET
ar-22396	24	47	like	like	ADJ
ar-22396	24	48	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	24	49	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	24	50	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	24	51	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	24	52	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	24	53	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	24	54	defined	define	VERB
ar-22396	24	55	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	24	56	what	what	PRON
ar-22396	24	57	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	24	58	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	24	59	not	not	PART
ar-22396	24	60	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	1	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	25	2	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	25	3	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	25	4	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	25	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	25	6	southern	southern	ADJ
ar-22396	25	7	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	25	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	9	pepso	pepso	ADJ
ar-22396	25	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	11	defines	define	NOUN
ar-22396	25	12	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	13	standard	standard	ADJ
ar-22396	25	14	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	25	15	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	25	16	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	17	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	25	18	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	25	19	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	25	20	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	25	21	30	30	NUM
ar-22396	25	22	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	25	23	per	per	ADP
ar-22396	25	24	week	week	NOUN
ar-22396	25	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	26	receiving	receive	VERB
ar-22396	25	27	a	a	DET
ar-22396	25	28	decent	decent	ADJ
ar-22396	25	29	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	25	30	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	25	31	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22396	25	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	33	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	25	34	expecting	expect	VERB
ar-22396	25	35	to	to	PART
ar-22396	25	36	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	25	37	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	25	38	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	25	39	the	the	DET
ar-22396	25	40	same	same	ADJ
ar-22396	25	41	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	25	42	a	a	DET
ar-22396	25	43	year	year	NOUN
ar-22396	25	44	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	25	45	now	now	ADV
ar-22396	25	46	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	47	lewchuk	lewchuk	PROPN
ar-22396	25	48	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	49	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	25	50	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	25	51	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	52	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	25	53	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	54	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	25	55	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	25	56	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	26	1	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	26	2	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	26	3	deviates	deviate	VERB
ar-22396	26	4	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	26	5	these	these	DET
ar-22396	26	6	norms	norm	NOUN
ar-22396	26	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	27	1	some	some	DET
ar-22396	27	2	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	27	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	27	4	self­	self­	NOUN
ar-22396	27	5	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	27	6	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	27	7	fall	fall	VERB
ar-22396	27	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	27	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	27	10	category	category	NOUN
ar-22396	27	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	27	12	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	27	13	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	27	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	28	2	wellesley	wellesley	PROPN
ar-22396	28	3	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22396	28	4	places	place	NOUN
ar-22396	28	5	unregulated	unregulate	VERB
ar-22396	28	6	self­employment	self­employment	NOUN
ar-22396	28	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	28	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	28	9	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	28	10	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN
ar-22396	28	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	28	13	unregulated	unregulated	ADJ
ar-22396	28	14	self­employment	self­employment	NOUN
ar-22396	28	15	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	28	16	might	might	AUX
ar-22396	28	17	run	run	VERB
ar-22396	28	18	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	28	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	28	20	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	28	21	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	28	22	home	home	NOUN
ar-22396	28	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	28	24	operate	operate	VERB
ar-22396	28	25	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	26	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	28	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	28	28	radar	radar	NOUN
ar-22396	28	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	28	30	most	most	ADV
ar-22396	28	31	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
ar-22396	28	32	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	28	33	tax	tax	NOUN
ar-22396	28	34	rules	rule	NOUN
ar-22396	28	35	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	36	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	37	akter	akter	NOUN
ar-22396	28	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	39	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	28	40	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	28	41	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	28	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	43	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	28	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	28	45	8)	8)	NUM
ar-22396	28	46	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	1	pepso	pepso	PROPN
ar-22396	29	2	contends	contend	VERB
ar-22396	29	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	29	4	people	people	NOUN
ar-22396	29	5	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	29	6	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	29	7	self­employed	self­employe	VERB
ar-22396	29	8	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	29	9	list	list	VERB
ar-22396	29	10	no	no	DET
ar-22396	29	11	official	official	ADJ
ar-22396	29	12	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22396	29	13	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	29	14	often	often	ADV
ar-22396	29	15	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	29	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	29	17	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	29	18	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	29	19	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	29	20	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	29	21	tend	tend	VERB
ar-22396	29	22	to	to	PART
ar-22396	29	23	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	29	24	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	25	a	a	DET
ar-22396	29	26	disguised	disguised	ADJ
ar-22396	29	27	form	form	NOUN
ar-22396	29	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	29	29	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	29	30	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	31	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	29	32	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	29	33	normal	normal	ADJ
ar-22396	29	34	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
ar-22396	29	35	would	would	AUX
ar-22396	29	36	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	29	37	part	part	NOUN
ar-22396	29	38	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	29	39	the	the	DET
ar-22396	29	40	waged	waged	NOUN
ar-22396	29	41	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	29	42	salaried	salary	VERB
ar-22396	29	43	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	29	44	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	29	45	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	46	lewchuk	lewchuk	NOUN
ar-22396	29	47	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	48	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	29	49	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	50	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	29	51	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	29	52	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	30	1	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	30	2	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	30	3	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	30	4	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	30	5	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	30	6	called	call	VERB
ar-22396	30	7	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	30	8	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	30	9	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	30	10	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	30	11	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	30	12	fall	fall	VERB
ar-22396	30	13	outside	outside	ADV
ar-22396	30	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	30	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	30	16	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	30	17	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	30	18	framework	framework	NOUN
ar-22396	30	19	expected	expect	VERB
ar-22396	30	20	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	30	21	western	western	ADJ
ar-22396	30	22	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	30	23	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	30	24	topkara­sarsu	topkara­sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	30	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	30	26	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	30	27	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	30	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	31	1	colin	colin	PROPN
ar-22396	31	2	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	31	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	31	4	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	31	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	31	6	writes	write	VERB
ar-22396	31	7	these	these	PRON
ar-22396	31	8	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	31	9	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	31	10	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	31	11	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	31	12	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	31	13	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	31	14	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	31	15	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	31	16	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	31	17	139	139	NUM
ar-22396	31	18	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	31	19	not	not	PART
ar-22396	31	20	registered	register	VERB
ar-22396	31	21	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	31	22	tax	tax	NOUN
ar-22396	31	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	31	24	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	31	25	security	security	NOUN
ar-22396	31	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	31	27	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
ar-22396	31	28	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	31	29	law	law	NOUN
ar-22396	31	30	purposes	purpose	NOUN
ar-22396	31	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	1	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	32	2	broadly	broadly	ADV
ar-22396	32	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	4	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	32	5	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	32	6	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	32	7	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	32	8	thought	think	VERB
ar-22396	32	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	32	10	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	32	11	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	12	emigration	emigration	NOUN
ar-22396	32	13	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	32	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	32	15	established	establish	VERB
ar-22396	32	16	ways	way	NOUN
ar-22396	32	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	32	18	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	32	19	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	20	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	32	21	operating	operate	VERB
ar-22396	32	22	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	23	against	against	ADP
ar-22396	32	24	the	the	DET
ar-22396	32	25	official	official	ADJ
ar-22396	32	26	norms	norm	NOUN
ar-22396	32	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	32	28	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	32	29	institutions	institution	NOUN
ar-22396	32	30	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	32	31	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	32	32	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	32	33	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	34	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	35	schneider	schneider	NOUN
ar-22396	32	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	32	37	enste	enste	PROPN
ar-22396	32	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	39	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	32	40	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	32	41	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	33	1	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	33	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	33	3	2008	2008	NUM
ar-22396	33	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	33	5	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
ar-22396	33	6	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	33	7	categories	category	NOUN
ar-22396	33	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	33	9	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	33	10	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	33	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	34	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	34	2	first	first	ADJ
ar-22396	34	3	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	34	4	reference	reference	NOUN
ar-22396	34	5	various	various	ADJ
ar-22396	34	6	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	34	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	34	8	unpaid	unpaid	ADJ
ar-22396	34	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	34	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	35	1	first	first	ADV
ar-22396	35	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	35	3	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	35	4	self­provisioning	self­provisione	VERB
ar-22396	35	5	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	35	6	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	35	7	includes	include	VERB
ar-22396	35	8	unpaid	unpaid	ADJ
ar-22396	35	9	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	35	10	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	35	11	done	do	VERB
ar-22396	35	12	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	35	13	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	35	14	members	member	NOUN
ar-22396	35	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	36	1	second	second	ADJ
ar-22396	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	36	3	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	36	4	unpaid	unpaid	ADJ
ar-22396	36	5	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	36	6	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	36	7	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	36	8	covers	cover	VERB
ar-22396	36	9	unpaid	unpaid	ADJ
ar-22396	36	10	volunteering	volunteering	NOUN
ar-22396	36	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	36	12	kinship	kinship	NOUN
ar-22396	36	13	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ar-22396	36	14	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	36	15	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	36	16	members	member	NOUN
ar-22396	36	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	36	18	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	36	19	extended	extended	ADJ
ar-22396	36	20	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	36	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	36	22	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	36	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	36	24	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	36	25	neighbourhood	neighbourhood	NOUN
ar-22396	36	26	networks	network	NOUN
ar-22396	36	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	37	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	37	2	third	third	ADJ
ar-22396	37	3	refers	refer	VERB
ar-22396	37	4	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	37	5	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	37	6	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	37	7	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	37	8	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	37	9	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	37	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	37	11	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	37	12	encompasses	encompass	VERB
ar-22396	37	13	all	all	DET
ar-22396	37	14	monetary	monetary	ADJ
ar-22396	37	15	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ar-22396	37	16	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	37	17	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	37	18	unregistered	unregistered	ADJ
ar-22396	37	19	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	37	20	tax	tax	NOUN
ar-22396	37	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	37	22	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	37	23	security	security	NOUN
ar-22396	37	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	37	25	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
ar-22396	37	26	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	37	27	law	law	NOUN
ar-22396	37	28	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	37	29	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	37	30	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	37	31	largely	largely	ADV
ar-22396	37	32	legal	legal	ADJ
ar-22396	37	33	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	37	34	other	other	ADJ
ar-22396	37	35	respects	respect	NOUN
ar-22396	37	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	1	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	38	2	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	38	3	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	38	4	united	unite	VERB
ar-22396	38	5	mostly	mostly	ADV
ar-22396	38	6	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	38	7	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	38	8	heterogeneity	heterogeneity	NOUN
ar-22396	38	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	10	topkara­	topkara­	NOUN
ar-22396	38	11	sarsu	sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	38	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	13	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	38	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	15	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	16	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	38	17	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	38	18	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	38	19	legal	legal	ADJ
ar-22396	38	20	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	21	illegal	illegal	ADJ
ar-22396	38	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	23	monetary	monetary	ADJ
ar-22396	38	24	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	25	non­monetary	non­monetary	ADJ
ar-22396	38	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	27	on	on	ADV
ar-22396	38	28	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	29	off	off	ADP
ar-22396	38	30	the	the	DET
ar-22396	38	31	books	book	NOUN
ar-22396	38	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	33	destructive	destructive	ADJ
ar-22396	38	34	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	35	complementary	complementary	ADJ
ar-22396	38	36	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	38	37	the	the	DET
ar-22396	38	38	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	38	39	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	38	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	41	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	38	42	profiteering	profiteering	NOUN
ar-22396	38	43	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	44	survival	survival	NOUN
ar-22396	38	45	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	46	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	47	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	38	48	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	38	49	a	a	DET
ar-22396	38	50	person	person	NOUN
ar-22396	38	51	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	38	52	primary	primary	ADJ
ar-22396	38	53	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	54	supplementary	supplementary	ADJ
ar-22396	38	55	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	38	56	source	source	NOUN
ar-22396	38	57	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	58	schneider	schneider	NOUN
ar-22396	38	59	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	38	60	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	38	61	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	62	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	38	63	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	64	topkara­sarsu	topkara­sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	38	65	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	66	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	38	67	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	38	68	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	39	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	39	2	sector	sector	NOUN
ar-22396	39	3	includes	include	VERB
ar-22396	39	4	a	a	DET
ar-22396	39	5	range	range	NOUN
ar-22396	39	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	39	7	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	39	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	39	9	favours	favour	VERB
ar-22396	39	10	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	39	11	friends	friend	NOUN
ar-22396	39	12	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	39	13	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	39	14	members	member	NOUN
ar-22396	39	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	39	16	illicit	illicit	ADJ
ar-22396	39	17	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	39	18	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	39	19	smuggling	smuggling	NOUN
ar-22396	39	20	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	39	21	embezzlement	embezzlement	NOUN
ar-22396	39	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	39	23	undocumented	undocumented	ADJ
ar-22396	39	24	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	39	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	39	26	performing	perform	VERB
ar-22396	39	27	licensed	licensed	ADJ
ar-22396	39	28	activities	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	39	29	without	without	ADP
ar-22396	39	30	a	a	DET
ar-22396	39	31	license	license	NOUN
ar-22396	39	32	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	39	33	electrical	electrical	ADJ
ar-22396	39	34	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	39	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	39	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	39	37	some	some	DET
ar-22396	39	38	other	other	ADJ
ar-22396	39	39	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	39	40	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	39	41	self­employment	self­employment	NOUN
ar-22396	39	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	40	1	questions	question	NOUN
ar-22396	40	2	posed	pose	VERB
ar-22396	40	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	40	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	40	5	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	40	6	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	40	7	enclave	enclave	PROPN
ar-22396	40	8	survey	survey	PROPN
ar-22396	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	40	10	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	40	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	40	12	attempted	attempt	VERB
ar-22396	40	13	to	to	PART
ar-22396	40	14	tap	tap	VERB
ar-22396	40	15	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	40	16	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	40	17	types	type	NOUN
ar-22396	40	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	40	19	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	40	20	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	40	21	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	40	22	engaged	engage	VERB
ar-22396	40	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	40	24	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	40	25	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	40	26	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	40	27	members	member	NOUN
ar-22396	40	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	40	29	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	40	30	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	40	31	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	40	32	some	some	DET
ar-22396	40	33	form	form	NOUN
ar-22396	40	34	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	40	35	financial	financial	ADJ
ar-22396	40	36	reward	reward	NOUN
ar-22396	40	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	1	neoliberalism	neoliberalism	NOUN
ar-22396	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	3	a	a	DET
ar-22396	41	4	political	political	ADJ
ar-22396	41	5	ideology	ideology	NOUN
ar-22396	41	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	41	7	mode	mode	NOUN
ar-22396	41	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	41	9	governance	governance	NOUN
ar-22396	41	10	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	41	11	celebrates	celebrate	VERB
ar-22396	41	12	free	free	ADJ
ar-22396	41	13	markets	market	NOUN
ar-22396	41	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	15	limited	limited	ADJ
ar-22396	41	16	government	government	NOUN
ar-22396	41	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	18	deregulation	deregulation	NOUN
ar-22396	41	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	41	20	encourages	encourage	VERB
ar-22396	41	21	the	the	DET
ar-22396	41	22	heightened	heightened	ADJ
ar-22396	41	23	socioeconomic	socioeconomic	ADJ
ar-22396	41	24	inequality	inequality	NOUN
ar-22396	41	25	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	41	26	follows	follow	VERB
ar-22396	41	27	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	28	burke	burke	PROPN
ar-22396	41	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	30	mooers	mooer	NOUN
ar-22396	41	31	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	41	32	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	41	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	34	2000	2000	NUM
ar-22396	41	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	36	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	37	tends	tend	VERB
ar-22396	41	38	to	to	PART
ar-22396	41	39	view	view	VERB
ar-22396	41	40	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	41	41	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	41	42	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	41	43	an	an	DET
ar-22396	41	44	example	example	NOUN
ar-22396	41	45	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	41	46	individual	individual	ADJ
ar-22396	41	47	initiative	initiative	NOUN
ar-22396	41	48	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	41	49	a	a	DET
ar-22396	41	50	creative	creative	ADJ
ar-22396	41	51	alternative	alternative	NOUN
ar-22396	41	52	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	41	53	its	its	PRON
ar-22396	41	54	perception	perception	NOUN
ar-22396	41	55	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	41	56	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	57	over­regulation	over­regulation	NOUN
ar-22396	41	58	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	41	59	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	41	60	the	the	DET
ar-22396	41	61	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	41	62	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	41	63	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	1	without	without	ADP
ar-22396	42	2	state	state	NOUN
ar-22396	42	3	regulation	regulation	NOUN
ar-22396	42	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	42	5	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	42	6	activities	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	42	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	8	portes	porte	NOUN
ar-22396	42	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	42	10	haller	haller	PROPN
ar-22396	42	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	12	2005	2005	NUM
ar-22396	42	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	14	contend	contend	VERB
ar-22396	42	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	42	17	flow	flow	NOUN
ar-22396	42	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	42	19	transactions	transaction	NOUN
ar-22396	42	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	42	21	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22396	42	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	42	23	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	42	24	reflect	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	42	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	42	26	true	true	ADJ
ar-22396	42	27	will	will	NOUN
ar-22396	42	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	42	29	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	42	30	forces	force	NOUN
ar-22396	42	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	32	topkara­sarsu	topkara­sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	42	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	34	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	42	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	42	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	43	1	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	43	2	maintains	maintain	VERB
ar-22396	43	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	43	4	this	this	DET
ar-22396	43	5	view	view	NOUN
ar-22396	43	6	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	43	7	portray[s	portray[s	NOUN
ar-22396	43	8	]	]	X
ar-22396	43	9	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	43	10	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	43	11	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	43	12	heroes	hero	NOUN
ar-22396	43	13	casting	cast	VERB
ar-22396	43	14	off	off	ADP
ar-22396	43	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	43	16	shackles	shackle	NOUN
ar-22396	43	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	43	18	an	an	DET
ar-22396	43	19	over­burdensome	over­burdensome	ADJ
ar-22396	43	20	state	state	NOUN
ar-22396	43	21	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	43	22	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	43	23	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	43	24	blamed	blame	VERB
ar-22396	43	25	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	43	26	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	43	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	43	28	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	43	29	problems	problem	NOUN
ar-22396	43	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	43	31	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	43	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	43	33	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	43	34	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	43	35	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	44	1	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	44	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	44	3	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	44	4	scale	scale	NOUN
ar-22396	44	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	44	6	alternatively	alternatively	ADV
ar-22396	44	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	44	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	44	9	context	context	NOUN
ar-22396	44	10	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	44	11	reversed	reverse	VERB
ar-22396	44	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	45	1	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	45	2	notes	note	VERB
ar-22396	45	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	45	4	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	45	5	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	45	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	45	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	45	8	part	part	NOUN
ar-22396	45	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	45	10	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	45	11	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	45	12	seen	see	VERB
ar-22396	45	13	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	45	14	having	having	AUX
ar-22396	45	15	grown	grow	VERB
ar-22396	45	16	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	45	17	an	an	DET
ar-22396	45	18	unregulated	unregulated	ADJ
ar-22396	45	19	world	world	NOUN
ar-22396	45	20	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	45	21	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	45	22	encourages	encourage	VERB
ar-22396	45	23	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	45	24	race	race	NOUN
ar-22396	45	25	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	45	26	the	the	DET
ar-22396	45	27	bottom	bottom	ADJ
ar-22396	45	28	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	45	29	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	45	30	practices	practice	NOUN
ar-22396	45	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	46	1	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	46	2	take	take	VERB
ar-22396	46	3	advantage	advantage	NOUN
ar-22396	46	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	46	5	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22396	46	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	46	7	subcontract	subcontract	VERB
ar-22396	46	8	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	46	9	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	46	10	places	place	NOUN
ar-22396	46	11	where	where	SCONJ
ar-22396	46	12	off­the­books	off­the­book	NOUN
ar-22396	46	13	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	46	14	face	face	VERB
ar-22396	46	15	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	46	16	degrading	degrading	ADJ
ar-22396	46	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	46	18	low­paid	low­paid	ADJ
ar-22396	46	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	46	20	exploitative	exploitative	ADJ
ar-22396	46	21	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	46	22	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	46	23	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	46	24	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	46	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	46	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	47	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	47	2	counterweight	counterweight	NOUN
ar-22396	47	3	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	47	4	these	these	DET
ar-22396	47	5	problems	problem	NOUN
ar-22396	47	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	47	7	according	accord	VERB
ar-22396	47	8	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	47	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	47	10	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	47	11	viewpoint	viewpoint	NOUN
ar-22396	47	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	47	13	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	47	14	140	140	NUM
ar-22396	47	15	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	47	16	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	47	17	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	47	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	47	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	47	20	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	47	21	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	47	22	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	47	23	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	47	24	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	47	25	through	through	ADP
ar-22396	47	26	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	47	27	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	47	28	people	people	NOUN
ar-22396	47	29	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	47	30	achieve	achieve	VERB
ar-22396	47	31	some	some	DET
ar-22396	47	32	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	47	33	rather	rather	ADV
ar-22396	47	34	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	47	35	no	no	DET
ar-22396	47	36	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	47	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	48	1	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	48	2	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
ar-22396	48	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	48	4	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
ar-22396	48	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	48	6	creativity	creativity	NOUN
ar-22396	48	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	48	8	individuals	individual	NOUN
ar-22396	48	9	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	48	10	take	take	VERB
ar-22396	48	11	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
ar-22396	48	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	48	13	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	48	14	own	own	ADJ
ar-22396	48	15	livelihoods	livelihood	NOUN
ar-22396	48	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	48	17	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	48	18	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	48	19	own	own	ADJ
ar-22396	48	20	living	living	NOUN
ar-22396	48	21	rather	rather	ADV
ar-22396	48	22	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	48	23	relying	rely	VERB
ar-22396	48	24	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	48	25	welfare	welfare	NOUN
ar-22396	48	26	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	48	27	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	48	28	the	the	DET
ar-22396	48	29	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	48	30	purse	purse	NOUN
ar-22396	48	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	48	32	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	48	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	48	34	2008	2008	NUM
ar-22396	48	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	48	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	49	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	49	2	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22396	49	3	ontario	ontario	NOUN
ar-22396	49	4	initiative	initiative	NOUN
ar-22396	49	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	49	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	49	7	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	49	8	changing	change	VERB
ar-22396	49	9	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	49	10	review	review	NOUN
ar-22396	49	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	49	12	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	49	13	sheds	shed	VERB
ar-22396	49	14	some	some	DET
ar-22396	49	15	light	light	NOUN
ar-22396	49	16	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	49	17	the	the	DET
ar-22396	49	18	evolution	evolution	NOUN
ar-22396	49	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	49	20	these	these	DET
ar-22396	49	21	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	49	22	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	49	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	50	1	ontario	ontario	NOUN
ar-22396	50	2	premier	premier	PROPN
ar-22396	50	3	kathleen	kathleen	PROPN
ar-22396	50	4	wynne	wynne	PROPN
ar-22396	50	5	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	50	6	mandate	mandate	PROPN
ar-22396	50	7	letter	letter	NOUN
ar-22396	50	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	50	9	wynne	wynne	PROPN
ar-22396	50	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	50	11	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	50	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	50	13	calls	call	VERB
ar-22396	50	14	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	50	15	a	a	DET
ar-22396	50	16	review	review	NOUN
ar-22396	50	17	the	the	DET
ar-22396	50	18	province	province	NOUN
ar-22396	50	19	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	50	20	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	50	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	50	22	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	50	23	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	50	24	processes	process	NOUN
ar-22396	50	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	51	2	review	review	NOUN
ar-22396	51	3	identifies	identify	VERB
ar-22396	51	4	five	five	NUM
ar-22396	51	5	key	key	ADJ
ar-22396	51	6	trends	trend	NOUN
ar-22396	51	7	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	51	8	shape	shape	VERB
ar-22396	51	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	51	10	changing	change	VERB
ar-22396	51	11	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	51	12	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	51	13	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	15	1	1	X
ar-22396	51	16	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	17	increased	increase	VERB
ar-22396	51	18	reliance	reliance	NOUN
ar-22396	51	19	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	51	20	the	the	DET
ar-22396	51	21	service	service	NOUN
ar-22396	51	22	sector	sector	NOUN
ar-22396	51	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	25	2	2	X
ar-22396	51	26	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	27	a	a	DET
ar-22396	51	28	rise	rise	NOUN
ar-22396	51	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	51	30	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	31	non­standard	non­standard	ADV
ar-22396	51	32	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	51	33	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	51	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	35	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	36	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	37	3	3	X
ar-22396	51	38	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	39	globalization	globalization	NOUN
ar-22396	51	40	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	51	41	trade	trade	NOUN
ar-22396	51	42	liberalization	liberalization	NOUN
ar-22396	51	43	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	44	which	which	PRON
ar-22396	51	45	drives	drive	VERB
ar-22396	51	46	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
ar-22396	51	47	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	51	48	increases	increase	VERB
ar-22396	51	49	pressure	pressure	NOUN
ar-22396	51	50	to	to	PART
ar-22396	51	51	keep	keep	VERB
ar-22396	51	52	costs	cost	NOUN
ar-22396	51	53	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	51	54	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	55	including	include	VERB
ar-22396	51	56	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	51	57	costs	cost	NOUN
ar-22396	51	58	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	59	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	60	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	61	4	4	X
ar-22396	51	62	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	63	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ar-22396	51	64	technological	technological	ADJ
ar-22396	51	65	change	change	NOUN
ar-22396	51	66	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	67	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	51	68	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	69	5	5	NUM
ar-22396	51	70	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	51	71	increased	increase	VERB
ar-22396	51	72	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ar-22396	51	73	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	51	74	the	the	DET
ar-22396	51	75	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	51	76	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	1	pepso	pepso	ADJ
ar-22396	52	2	describes	describe	VERB
ar-22396	52	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	52	4	rise	rise	NOUN
ar-22396	52	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	52	6	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	52	7	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	52	8	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	52	9	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	10	a	a	DET
ar-22396	52	11	result	result	NOUN
ar-22396	52	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	52	13	technological	technological	ADJ
ar-22396	52	14	change	change	NOUN
ar-22396	52	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	16	increased	increase	VERB
ar-22396	52	17	contracting	contract	VERB
ar-22396	52	18	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	52	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	52	21	[	[	X
ar-22396	52	22	internationally	internationally	ADV
ar-22396	52	23	]	]	X
ar-22396	52	24	extended	extended	ADJ
ar-22396	52	25	supply	supply	NOUN
ar-22396	52	26	lines	line	NOUN
ar-22396	52	27	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	52	29	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	30	financial	financial	ADJ
ar-22396	52	31	reorganizations	reorganization	NOUN
ar-22396	52	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	33	decisions	decision	NOUN
ar-22396	52	34	to	to	PART
ar-22396	52	35	relocate	relocate	VERB
ar-22396	52	36	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	37	the	the	DET
ar-22396	52	38	entry	entry	NOUN
ar-22396	52	39	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	52	40	new	new	ADJ
ar-22396	52	41	competitors	competitor	NOUN
ar-22396	52	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	43	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	52	44	the	the	DET
ar-22396	52	45	inability	inability	NOUN
ar-22396	52	46	to	to	PART
ar-22396	52	47	keep	keep	VERB
ar-22396	52	48	up	up	ADP
ar-22396	52	49	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	52	50	the	the	DET
ar-22396	52	51	rapid	rapid	ADJ
ar-22396	52	52	pace	pace	NOUN
ar-22396	52	53	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	52	54	innovation	innovation	NOUN
ar-22396	52	55	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	56	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	57	lewchuk	lewchuk	PROPN
ar-22396	52	58	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	59	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	52	60	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	52	61	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	52	62	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	63	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	52	64	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	65	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	52	66	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	52	67	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	53	1	large	large	ADJ
ar-22396	53	2	companies	company	NOUN
ar-22396	53	3	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	53	4	typically	typically	ADV
ar-22396	53	5	provide	provide	VERB
ar-22396	53	6	middle­income	middle­income	NOUN
ar-22396	53	7	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	53	8	find	find	VERB
ar-22396	53	9	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	53	10	now	now	ADV
ar-22396	53	11	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	53	12	face	face	VERB
ar-22396	53	13	an	an	DET
ar-22396	53	14	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
ar-22396	53	15	future	future	NOUN
ar-22396	53	16	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	53	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	53	18	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	53	19	significantly	significantly	ADV
ar-22396	53	20	reducing	reduce	VERB
ar-22396	53	21	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	53	22	workforces	workforce	NOUN
ar-22396	53	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	53	24	reorganizing	reorganize	VERB
ar-22396	53	25	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	53	26	even	even	ADV
ar-22396	53	27	dissolving	dissolve	VERB
ar-22396	53	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	54	1	though	though	SCONJ
ar-22396	54	2	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	54	3	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	54	4	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	54	5	rising	rise	VERB
ar-22396	54	6	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	54	7	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
ar-22396	54	8	across	across	ADP
ar-22396	54	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	54	10	breadth	breadth	NOUN
ar-22396	54	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	54	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	54	13	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	54	14	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	54	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	54	16	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	54	17	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	54	18	especially	especially	ADV
ar-22396	54	19	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	54	20	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	54	21	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	54	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	54	23	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	54	24	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	54	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	55	1	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	55	2	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	55	3	not	not	PART
ar-22396	55	4	due	due	ADJ
ar-22396	55	5	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	55	6	a	a	DET
ar-22396	55	7	lack	lack	NOUN
ar-22396	55	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	55	9	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ar-22396	55	10	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	55	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	56	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ar-22396	56	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	4	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	56	5	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	56	6	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	56	7	average	average	ADJ
ar-22396	56	8	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	56	9	higher	high	ADJ
ar-22396	56	10	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	56	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	56	12	education	education	NOUN
ar-22396	56	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	56	14	human	human	ADJ
ar-22396	56	15	capital	capital	NOUN
ar-22396	56	16	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	56	17	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	56	18	born	bear	VERB
ar-22396	56	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	56	20	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	56	21	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	22	despite	despite	SCONJ
ar-22396	56	23	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	56	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	25	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	56	26	often	often	ADV
ar-22396	56	27	remain	remain	VERB
ar-22396	56	28	unemployed	unemployed	ADJ
ar-22396	56	29	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	56	30	underemployed	underemployed	ADJ
ar-22396	56	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	32	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	56	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	34	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	56	35	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	56	36	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	56	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	38	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	56	39	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	56	40	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	57	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	57	2	wellesley	wellesley	PROPN
ar-22396	57	3	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22396	57	4	report	report	NOUN
ar-22396	57	5	explains	explain	VERB
ar-22396	57	6	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	57	7	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	57	8	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	57	9	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	57	10	not	not	PART
ar-22396	57	11	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	57	12	blocked	block	VERB
ar-22396	57	13	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	57	14	entering	enter	VERB
ar-22396	57	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	57	16	professions	profession	NOUN
ar-22396	57	17	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	57	18	which	which	PRON
ar-22396	57	19	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	57	20	trained	train	VERB
ar-22396	57	21	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	57	22	a	a	DET
ar-22396	57	23	substantial	substantial	ADJ
ar-22396	57	24	portion	portion	NOUN
ar-22396	57	25	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	57	26	them	they	PRON
ar-22396	57	27	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	57	28	not	not	PART
ar-22396	57	29	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	57	30	any	any	DET
ar-22396	57	31	type	type	NOUN
ar-22396	57	32	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	57	33	form	form	NOUN
ar-22396	57	34	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	57	35	secure	secure	ADJ
ar-22396	57	36	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	57	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	1	instead	instead	ADV
ar-22396	58	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	3	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	58	4	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	58	5	often	often	ADV
ar-22396	58	6	face	face	VERB
ar-22396	58	7	substandard	substandard	ADJ
ar-22396	58	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	9	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	58	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	58	11	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ar-22396	58	12	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
ar-22396	58	13	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	58	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	58	15	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	17	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	58	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	19	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	58	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	58	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	59	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	59	2	law	law	NOUN
ar-22396	59	3	commission	commission	NOUN
ar-22396	59	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	59	5	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	59	6	report	report	PROPN
ar-22396	59	7	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	59	8	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22396	59	9	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	59	10	concludes	conclude	VERB
ar-22396	59	11	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	59	12	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	59	13	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	59	14	due	due	ADJ
ar-22396	59	15	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	59	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	59	17	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ar-22396	59	18	encountered	encounter	VERB
ar-22396	59	19	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	59	20	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	59	21	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	59	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	59	23	finding	find	VERB
ar-22396	59	24	financially	financially	ADV
ar-22396	59	25	satisfactory	satisfactory	ADJ
ar-22396	59	26	standard	standard	ADJ
ar-22396	59	27	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	59	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	60	1	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	60	2	tend	tend	VERB
ar-22396	60	3	to	to	PART
ar-22396	60	4	take	take	VERB
ar-22396	60	5	what	what	PRON
ar-22396	60	6	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	60	7	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	60	8	get	get	VERB
ar-22396	60	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	60	10	i.e.	i.e.	X
ar-22396	60	11	survival	survival	NOUN
ar-22396	60	12	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	60	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	61	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	61	2	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
ar-22396	61	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	61	4	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	61	5	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	61	6	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	61	7	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	61	8	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	61	9	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	61	10	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	61	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	61	12	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	61	13	overrepresentation	overrepresentation	NOUN
ar-22396	61	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	61	15	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	61	16	most	most	ADV
ar-22396	61	17	affected	affect	VERB
ar-22396	61	18	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	61	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	61	20	changing	change	VERB
ar-22396	61	21	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	61	22	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	61	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	62	2	worker	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	62	3	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	62	4	action	action	NOUN
ar-22396	62	5	centre	centre	NOUN
ar-22396	62	6	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	7	wac	wac	PROPN
ar-22396	62	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	9	finds	find	VERB
ar-22396	62	10	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	62	11	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	12	outsourcing	outsourcing	NOUN
ar-22396	62	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	14	indirect	indirect	ADJ
ar-22396	62	15	hiring	hiring	NOUN
ar-22396	62	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	62	18	misclassifying	misclassifye	VERB
ar-22396	62	19	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	62	20	takes	take	VERB
ar-22396	62	21	place	place	NOUN
ar-22396	62	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	62	23	sectors	sector	NOUN
ar-22396	62	24	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	62	25	distinctly	distinctly	ADV
ar-22396	62	26	local	local	ADJ
ar-22396	62	27	markets	market	NOUN
ar-22396	62	28	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	29	restaurants	restaurant	NOUN
ar-22396	62	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	31	business	business	NOUN
ar-22396	62	32	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	62	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	34	construction	construction	NOUN
ar-22396	62	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	36	retail	retail	NOUN
ar-22396	62	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	38	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	62	39	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	62	40	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	62	41	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	62	42	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	62	43	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	62	44	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	62	45	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	62	46	141	141	NUM
ar-22396	62	47	warehousing	warehousing	NOUN
ar-22396	62	48	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	49	trucking	trucking	NOUN
ar-22396	62	50	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	51	janitorial	janitorial	NOUN
ar-22396	62	52	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	53	home	home	NOUN
ar-22396	62	54	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
ar-22396	62	55	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	62	56	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN
ar-22396	62	57	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	62	58	goods	good	NOUN
ar-22396	62	59	consumed	consume	VERB
ar-22396	62	60	locally	locally	ADV
ar-22396	62	61	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	62	62	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	63	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ar-22396	63	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	63	3	wac	wac	NOUN
ar-22396	63	4	explains	explain	VERB
ar-22396	63	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	63	6	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	63	7	low­skilled	low­skilled	ADJ
ar-22396	63	8	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	63	9	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	63	10	intensive	intensive	ADJ
ar-22396	63	11	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	63	12	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	63	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	63	14	where	where	SCONJ
ar-22396	63	15	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	63	16	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	63	17	disproportionately	disproportionately	ADV
ar-22396	63	18	represented	represent	VERB
ar-22396	63	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	63	20	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	63	21	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22396	63	22	contracted	contract	VERB
ar-22396	63	23	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	63	24	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	63	25	third	third	ADJ
ar-22396	63	26	parties	party	NOUN
ar-22396	63	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	64	1	to	to	PART
ar-22396	64	2	get	get	VERB
ar-22396	64	3	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	64	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	64	5	these	these	DET
ar-22396	64	6	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	64	8	employees	employee	NOUN
ar-22396	64	9	no	no	ADV
ar-22396	64	10	longer	long	ADV
ar-22396	64	11	look	look	VERB
ar-22396	64	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	64	13	a	a	DET
ar-22396	64	14	waged	wage	VERB
ar-22396	64	15	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	64	16	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	64	17	instead	instead	ADV
ar-22396	64	18	sign	sign	VERB
ar-22396	64	19	up	up	ADP
ar-22396	64	20	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	64	21	an	an	DET
ar-22396	64	22	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	64	23	agency	agency	NOUN
ar-22396	64	24	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	64	25	an	an	DET
ar-22396	64	26	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	64	27	independent	independent	ADJ
ar-22396	64	28	contractor	contractor	NOUN
ar-22396	64	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	64	30	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	65	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	65	2	result	result	NOUN
ar-22396	65	3	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	65	4	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	65	5	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	65	6	face	face	VERB
ar-22396	65	7	barriers	barrier	NOUN
ar-22396	65	8	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	65	9	stable	stable	ADJ
ar-22396	65	10	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	65	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	65	12	experience	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	65	13	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	65	14	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	65	15	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	65	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	65	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	66	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	66	2	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	66	3	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	66	4	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	66	5	have	have	AUX
ar-22396	66	6	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	66	7	a	a	DET
ar-22396	66	8	reality	reality	NOUN
ar-22396	66	9	facing	face	VERB
ar-22396	66	10	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	66	11	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	66	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	66	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	66	14	last	last	ADJ
ar-22396	66	15	number	number	NOUN
ar-22396	66	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	66	17	decades	decade	NOUN
ar-22396	66	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	66	19	have	have	AUX
ar-22396	66	20	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	66	21	well	well	ADV
ar-22396	66	22	documented	document	VERB
ar-22396	66	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	66	24	the	the	DET
ar-22396	66	25	literature	literature	NOUN
ar-22396	66	26	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	66	27	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	66	28	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	66	29	türegün	türegün	NOUN
ar-22396	66	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	66	31	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	66	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	66	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	67	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
ar-22396	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	67	3	some	some	DET
ar-22396	67	4	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	67	5	groups	group	NOUN
ar-22396	67	6	fare	fare	VERB
ar-22396	67	7	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	67	8	poorly	poorly	ADV
ar-22396	67	9	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	67	10	others	other	NOUN
ar-22396	67	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	1	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	68	2	example	example	NOUN
ar-22396	68	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	4	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	68	5	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	68	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	68	7	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22396	68	8	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	68	9	census	census	NOUN
ar-22396	68	10	show	show	NOUN
ar-22396	68	11	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	68	12	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	68	13	racialized	racialize	VERB
ar-22396	68	14	groups	group	NOUN
ar-22396	68	15	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	68	16	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	68	17	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	68	18	to	to	PART
ar-22396	68	19	live	live	VERB
ar-22396	68	20	below	below	ADP
ar-22396	68	21	the	the	DET
ar-22396	68	22	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	68	23	line	line	NOUN
ar-22396	68	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	25	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22396	68	26	defined	define	VERB
ar-22396	68	27	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	68	28	before­tax	before­tax	NOUN
ar-22396	68	29	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	68	30	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	68	31	cut­offs	cut­off	NOUN
ar-22396	68	32	thresholds	threshold	NOUN
ar-22396	68	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	34	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	68	35	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	68	36	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	68	37	non­	non­	NOUN
ar-22396	68	38	racialized	racialize	VERB
ar-22396	68	39	groups	group	NOUN
ar-22396	68	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	41	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	68	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	43	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	68	44	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	68	45	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	68	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	47	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	68	48	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	68	49	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	69	1	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	69	2	root	root	NOUN
ar-22396	69	3	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	69	4	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	69	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	70	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	2	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	70	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	4	explain	explain	VERB
ar-22396	70	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	70	7	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	70	8	mindset	mindset	NOUN
ar-22396	70	9	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	70	10	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
ar-22396	70	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	70	12	development	development	NOUN
ar-22396	70	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	70	14	a	a	DET
ar-22396	70	15	particular	particular	ADJ
ar-22396	70	16	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	70	17	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	70	18	framework	framework	NOUN
ar-22396	70	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	70	20	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	70	21	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	70	22	prioritizes	prioritize	VERB
ar-22396	70	23	so­called	so­called	ADJ
ar-22396	70	24	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	25	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	70	26	migrants	migrant	NOUN
ar-22396	70	27	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	28	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	70	29	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	70	30	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	31	perceived	perceive	VERB
ar-22396	70	32	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	70	33	self­	self­	NOUN
ar-22396	70	34	reliant	reliant	ADJ
ar-22396	70	35	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	70	36	embrace	embrace	NOUN
ar-22396	70	37	practices	practice	NOUN
ar-22396	70	38	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	70	39	expectations	expectation	NOUN
ar-22396	70	40	around	around	ADP
ar-22396	70	41	personal	personal	ADJ
ar-22396	70	42	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
ar-22396	70	43	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	44	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	45	5	5	NUM
ar-22396	70	46	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	70	47	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	71	1	over	over	ADP
ar-22396	71	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	71	3	last	last	ADJ
ar-22396	71	4	decade	decade	NOUN
ar-22396	71	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	71	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	71	7	federal	federal	ADJ
ar-22396	71	8	conservative	conservative	ADJ
ar-22396	71	9	government	government	NOUN
ar-22396	71	10	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	71	11	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	71	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	71	13	active	active	ADJ
ar-22396	71	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	71	15	reshaping	reshape	VERB
ar-22396	71	16	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	71	17	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	71	18	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	71	19	along	along	ADP
ar-22396	71	20	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	71	21	lines	line	NOUN
ar-22396	71	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	72	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	72	2	focus	focus	NOUN
ar-22396	72	3	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	72	4	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	72	5	highly­skilled	highly­skille	VERB
ar-22396	72	6	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	72	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	72	8	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	72	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	72	10	a	a	DET
ar-22396	72	11	priority	priority	NOUN
ar-22396	72	12	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	72	13	placed	place	VERB
ar-22396	72	14	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	72	15	allowing	allow	VERB
ar-22396	72	16	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	72	17	to	to	PART
ar-22396	72	18	sponsor	sponsor	VERB
ar-22396	72	19	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	72	20	members	member	NOUN
ar-22396	72	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	1	former	former	ADJ
ar-22396	73	2	minister	minister	PROPN
ar-22396	73	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	73	4	immigration	immigration	PROPN
ar-22396	73	5	jason	jason	PROPN
ar-22396	73	6	kenney	kenney	PROPN
ar-22396	73	7	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	73	8	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	73	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	73	10	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	11	prime	prime	ADJ
ar-22396	73	12	architect	architect	NOUN
ar-22396	73	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	73	14	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	73	15	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	16	behind	behind	ADP
ar-22396	73	17	these	these	DET
ar-22396	73	18	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	73	19	reforms	reform	NOUN
ar-22396	73	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	73	21	responsible	responsible	ADJ
ar-22396	73	22	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	73	23	articulating	articulate	VERB
ar-22396	73	24	the	the	DET
ar-22396	73	25	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	26	law­and	law­and	NOUN
ar-22396	73	27	order	order	NOUN
ar-22396	73	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	29	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	73	30	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	73	31	religious	religious	ADJ
ar-22396	73	32	values	value	NOUN
ar-22396	73	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	34	small	small	ADJ
ar-22396	73	35	state	state	NOUN
ar-22396	73	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	73	37	self­sufficiency	self­sufficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	73	38	agendas	agenda	NOUN
ar-22396	73	39	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	73	40	the	the	DET
ar-22396	73	41	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	73	42	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
ar-22396	73	43	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	44	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	45	ibid	ibid	NOUN
ar-22396	73	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	47	9	9	NUM
ar-22396	73	48	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	73	49	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	74	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	74	2	driving	drive	VERB
ar-22396	74	3	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	74	4	behind	behind	ADP
ar-22396	74	5	this	this	DET
ar-22396	74	6	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	74	7	framework	framework	NOUN
ar-22396	74	8	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	74	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	74	10	assumption	assumption	NOUN
ar-22396	74	11	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	74	12	highly­skilled	highly­skille	VERB
ar-22396	74	13	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	74	14	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	74	15	perceived	perceive	VERB
ar-22396	74	16	to	to	PART
ar-22396	74	17	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	74	18	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	74	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	74	20	a	a	DET
ar-22396	74	21	financial	financial	ADJ
ar-22396	74	22	burden	burden	NOUN
ar-22396	74	23	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	74	24	the	the	DET
ar-22396	74	25	state	state	NOUN
ar-22396	74	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	74	27	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	74	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	74	29	a	a	DET
ar-22396	74	30	challenge	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	74	31	to	to	PART
ar-22396	74	32	integrate	integrate	VERB
ar-22396	74	33	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	74	34	society	society	NOUN
ar-22396	74	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	74	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	74	37	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	74	38	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	74	39	to	to	PART
ar-22396	74	40	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	74	41	the	the	DET
ar-22396	74	42	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	74	43	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	74	44	french	french	ADJ
ar-22396	74	45	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	74	46	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	74	47	to	to	PART
ar-22396	74	48	succeed	succeed	VERB
ar-22396	74	49	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	74	50	the	the	DET
ar-22396	74	51	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	74	52	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	74	53	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	1	kymlica	kymlica	PROPN
ar-22396	75	2	writes	write	VERB
ar-22396	75	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	75	4	this	this	DET
ar-22396	75	5	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	75	6	framework	framework	NOUN
ar-22396	75	7	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	8	affirms	affirm	VERB
ar-22396	75	9	­	­	NUM
ar-22396	75	10	even	even	ADV
ar-22396	75	11	valorizes	valorize	NOUN
ar-22396	75	12	­	­	VERB
ar-22396	75	13	ethic	ethic	ADJ
ar-22396	75	14	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	75	15	entrepreneurship	entrepreneurship	NOUN
ar-22396	75	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	17	strategic	strategic	ADJ
ar-22396	75	18	cosmopolitanism	cosmopolitanism	NOUN
ar-22396	75	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	75	21	transnational	transnational	ADJ
ar-22396	75	22	commercial	commercial	ADJ
ar-22396	75	23	linkages	linkage	NOUN
ar-22396	75	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	75	25	remittances	remittance	NOUN
ar-22396	75	26	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	75	27	silences	silence	VERB
ar-22396	75	28	debates	debate	NOUN
ar-22396	75	29	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	75	30	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	75	31	redistribution	redistribution	NOUN
ar-22396	75	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	33	racial	racial	ADJ
ar-22396	75	34	inequality	inequality	NOUN
ar-22396	75	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	36	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22396	75	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	38	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	75	39	restructuring	restructuring	NOUN
ar-22396	75	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	41	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	75	42	labor	labor	NOUN
ar-22396	75	43	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	75	44	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	45	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	46	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	75	47	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	48	112	112	NUM
ar-22396	75	49	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	75	50	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	76	2	policies	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	76	3	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	76	4	privilege	privilege	VERB
ar-22396	76	5	recognized	recognize	VERB
ar-22396	76	6	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	76	7	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	76	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	76	9	education	education	NOUN
ar-22396	76	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	11	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	76	12	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	76	13	experience	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	76	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	76	16	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	76	17	credentials	credential	NOUN
ar-22396	76	18	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	76	19	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	76	20	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	76	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	22	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	76	23	people	people	NOUN
ar-22396	76	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	76	25	colour	colour	NOUN
ar-22396	76	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	76	27	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	76	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	29	often	often	ADV
ar-22396	76	30	lack	lack	VERB
ar-22396	76	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	32	arat­koc	arat­koc	VERB
ar-22396	76	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	34	1999	1999	NUM
ar-22396	76	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	76	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	77	1	neoliberalism	neoliberalism	NOUN
ar-22396	77	2	perpetuates	perpetuate	VERB
ar-22396	77	3	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	77	4	stereotypes	stereotype	NOUN
ar-22396	77	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	78	2	so­called	so­called	ADJ
ar-22396	78	3	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	4	self­	self­	ADJ
ar-22396	78	5	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
ar-22396	78	6	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	78	7	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	8	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	78	9	praised	praise	VERB
ar-22396	78	10	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	78	11	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	78	12	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	78	13	reflects	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	78	14	heteronormative	heteronormative	ADJ
ar-22396	78	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	16	nuclear	nuclear	NOUN
ar-22396	78	17	142	142	NUM
ar-22396	78	18	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	78	19	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	78	20	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	78	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	78	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	78	23	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	78	24	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	78	25	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	78	26	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	78	27	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	78	28	structures	structure	NOUN
ar-22396	78	29	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	30	root	root	NOUN
ar-22396	78	31	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	32	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	78	33	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	78	34	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	78	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	36	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	78	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	38	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	78	39	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	78	40	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	78	41	rely	rely	VERB
ar-22396	78	42	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	78	43	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	78	44	to	to	PART
ar-22396	78	45	provide	provide	VERB
ar-22396	78	46	care	care	NOUN
ar-22396	78	47	through	through	ADP
ar-22396	78	48	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	78	49	upbringing	upbringing	NOUN
ar-22396	78	50	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	78	51	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
ar-22396	78	52	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	78	53	low­waged	low­wage	VERB
ar-22396	78	54	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	78	55	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	78	56	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	78	57	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	78	58	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	79	1	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	79	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	79	3	care­taking	care­take	VERB
ar-22396	79	4	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
ar-22396	79	5	being	be	AUX
ar-22396	79	6	offloaded	offload	VERB
ar-22396	79	7	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	79	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	79	9	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	79	10	sphere	sphere	NOUN
ar-22396	79	11	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	79	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	79	13	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	79	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	79	15	attempts	attempt	VERB
ar-22396	79	16	to	to	PART
ar-22396	79	17	balance	balance	VERB
ar-22396	79	18	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	79	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	79	20	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	79	21	obligations	obligation	NOUN
ar-22396	79	22	becomes	become	VERB
ar-22396	79	23	impossible	impossible	ADJ
ar-22396	79	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	79	25	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	79	26	burdensome	burdensome	ADJ
ar-22396	79	27	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	79	28	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	79	29	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	79	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	80	1	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	80	2	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	80	3	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	80	4	asserts	assert	VERB
ar-22396	80	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	80	6	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	80	7	is	be	VERB
ar-22396	80	8	a	a	DET
ar-22396	80	9	need	need	NOUN
ar-22396	80	10	to	to	PART
ar-22396	80	11	end	end	VERB
ar-22396	80	12	purported	purport	VERB
ar-22396	80	13	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	80	14	overreliance	overreliance	NOUN
ar-22396	80	15	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	80	16	state	state	NOUN
ar-22396	80	17	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	80	18	supports	support	NOUN
ar-22396	80	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	80	20	ensure	ensure	VERB
ar-22396	80	21	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	80	22	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	80	23	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	80	24	making	make	VERB
ar-22396	80	25	positive	positive	ADJ
ar-22396	80	26	contributions	contribution	NOUN
ar-22396	80	27	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	80	28	the	the	DET
ar-22396	80	29	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	80	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	81	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	81	2	charge	charge	NOUN
ar-22396	81	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	81	4	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	81	5	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	81	6	a	a	DET
ar-22396	81	7	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	81	8	burden	burden	NOUN
ar-22396	81	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	81	10	a	a	DET
ar-22396	81	11	myth	myth	NOUN
ar-22396	81	12	utilized	utilize	VERB
ar-22396	81	13	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	81	14	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	81	15	governments	government	NOUN
ar-22396	81	16	to	to	PART
ar-22396	81	17	further	further	VERB
ar-22396	81	18	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	81	19	ideological	ideological	ADJ
ar-22396	81	20	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	81	21	agenda	agenda	NOUN
ar-22396	81	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	82	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	82	2	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	82	3	report	report	NOUN
ar-22396	82	4	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	82	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	82	6	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22396	82	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	82	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	82	9	example	example	NOUN
ar-22396	82	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	82	11	notes	note	VERB
ar-22396	82	12	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	82	13	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	82	14	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	82	15	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	82	16	use	use	VERB
ar-22396	82	17	fewer	few	ADJ
ar-22396	82	18	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22396	82	19	than	than	SCONJ
ar-22396	82	20	might	might	AUX
ar-22396	82	21	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	82	22	expected	expect	VERB
ar-22396	82	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	82	24	contribute	contribute	VERB
ar-22396	82	25	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	82	26	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	82	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	82	28	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	82	29	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	82	30	taxes	taxis	NOUN
ar-22396	82	31	than	than	SCONJ
ar-22396	82	32	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	82	33	withdraw	withdraw	VERB
ar-22396	82	34	via	via	ADP
ar-22396	82	35	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	82	36	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	82	37	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	82	38	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22396	82	39	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	82	40	a	a	DET
ar-22396	82	41	position	position	NOUN
ar-22396	82	42	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
ar-22396	82	43	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	82	44	hiebert	hiebert	NOUN
ar-22396	82	45	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	82	46	2005	2005	NUM
ar-22396	82	47	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	82	48	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	83	1	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22396	83	2	changes	change	NOUN
ar-22396	83	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	83	4	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	83	5	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	83	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	83	7	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	83	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	83	9	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	83	10	worked	work	VERB
ar-22396	83	11	to	to	PART
ar-22396	83	12	place	place	VERB
ar-22396	83	13	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22396	83	14	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ar-22396	83	15	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	83	16	newcomer	newcomer	ADJ
ar-22396	83	17	access	access	NOUN
ar-22396	83	18	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	83	19	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	83	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	83	21	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	83	22	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22396	83	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	83	24	further	far	ADV
ar-22396	83	25	depressing	depress	VERB
ar-22396	83	26	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	83	27	usage	usage	NOUN
ar-22396	83	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	83	29	such	such	ADJ
ar-22396	83	30	benefits	benefit	NOUN
ar-22396	83	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	1	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	84	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	84	3	same	same	ADJ
ar-22396	84	4	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	84	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	6	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	84	7	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	84	8	casts	cast	VERB
ar-22396	84	9	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	84	10	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	84	11	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	84	12	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	13	excessive	excessive	ADJ
ar-22396	84	14	demands	demand	NOUN
ar-22396	84	15	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	16	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	84	17	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	84	18	welfare	welfare	NOUN
ar-22396	84	19	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	84	20	undesirable	undesirable	ADJ
ar-22396	84	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	84	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	84	24	the	the	DET
ar-22396	84	25	case	case	NOUN
ar-22396	84	26	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	84	27	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	84	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	29	the	the	DET
ar-22396	84	30	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	84	31	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	84	32	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	33	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	84	34	versus	versus	ADP
ar-22396	84	35	bad	bad	ADJ
ar-22396	84	36	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	84	37	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	38	comes	come	VERB
ar-22396	84	39	to	to	PART
ar-22396	84	40	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	84	41	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	84	42	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	43	barrass	barrass	NOUN
ar-22396	84	44	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	84	45	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	84	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	47	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	84	48	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	84	49	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	1	significantly	significantly	ADV
ar-22396	85	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	85	4	federal	federal	ADJ
ar-22396	85	5	conservative	conservative	ADJ
ar-22396	85	6	government	government	NOUN
ar-22396	85	7	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	85	8	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
ar-22396	85	9	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	85	10	refugee	refugee	NOUN
ar-22396	85	11	claimants	claimant	NOUN
ar-22396	85	12	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	13	access	access	NOUN
ar-22396	85	14	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	85	15	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	85	16	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	85	17	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	85	18	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	85	19	ruled	rule	VERB
ar-22396	85	20	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	85	21	the	the	DET
ar-22396	85	22	supreme	supreme	PROPN
ar-22396	85	23	court	court	PROPN
ar-22396	85	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	85	25	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	85	26	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	85	27	an	an	DET
ar-22396	85	28	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	29	outrage	outrage	NOUN
ar-22396	85	30	[	[	X
ar-22396	85	31	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	85	32	]	]	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	33	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	85	34	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	85	35	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	85	36	decency	decency	NOUN
ar-22396	85	37	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	38	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	39	root	root	NOUN
ar-22396	85	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	41	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	85	42	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	85	43	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	85	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	45	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	85	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	47	10	10	NUM
ar-22396	85	48	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	85	49	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	86	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	86	2	end	end	NOUN
ar-22396	86	3	result	result	NOUN
ar-22396	86	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	86	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	86	6	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	86	7	have	have	AUX
ar-22396	86	8	found	find	VERB
ar-22396	86	9	themselves	themselves	PRON
ar-22396	86	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	86	11	an	an	DET
ar-22396	86	12	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22396	86	13	hostile	hostile	ADJ
ar-22396	86	14	environment	environment	NOUN
ar-22396	86	15	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	86	16	leaner	lean	ADJ
ar-22396	86	17	settlement	settlement	NOUN
ar-22396	86	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	86	19	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	86	20	supports	support	NOUN
ar-22396	86	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	86	22	a	a	DET
ar-22396	86	23	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	86	24	hostile	hostile	ADJ
ar-22396	86	25	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	86	26	competitive	competitive	ADJ
ar-22396	86	27	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	86	28	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	86	29	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	86	30	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	86	31	marked	mark	VERB
ar-22396	86	32	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	86	33	few	few	ADJ
ar-22396	86	34	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	86	35	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	86	36	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22396	86	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	87	1	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	87	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	87	3	especially	especially	ADV
ar-22396	87	4	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	87	5	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	87	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	87	7	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	87	8	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	87	9	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	87	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	1	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	88	2	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	88	3	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	88	4	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	88	5	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	88	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	88	7	engage	engage	VERB
ar-22396	88	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	88	9	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	88	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	88	11	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	88	12	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	88	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	88	14	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	88	15	compensated	compensate	VERB
ar-22396	88	16	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	88	17	lower	low	ADJ
ar-22396	88	18	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	88	19	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	88	20	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	88	21	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	88	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	23	akter	akter	NOUN
ar-22396	88	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	25	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	88	26	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	88	27	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	88	28	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	88	29	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	30	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	88	31	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	88	32	türegün	türegün	NOUN
ar-22396	88	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	34	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	88	35	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	36	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	88	37	et	et	NOUN
ar-22396	88	38	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	88	39	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	88	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	41	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	88	42	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	88	43	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	1	peterson	peterson	NOUN
ar-22396	89	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	3	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22396	89	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	5	notes	note	VERB
ar-22396	89	6	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	89	7	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	89	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	89	9	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	89	10	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	89	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	12	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	89	13	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	89	14	unique	unique	ADJ
ar-22396	89	15	experiences	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	89	16	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	89	17	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	18	feminized	feminize	VERB
ar-22396	89	19	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	20	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	89	21	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	89	22	assumed	assume	VERB
ar-22396	89	23	to	to	PART
ar-22396	89	24	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	89	25	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	26	less	less	ADV
ar-22396	89	27	demanding	demanding	ADJ
ar-22396	89	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	29	docile	docile	ADJ
ar-22396	89	30	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	89	31	reliable	reliable	ADJ
ar-22396	89	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	89	33	available	available	ADJ
ar-22396	89	34	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	89	35	part­time	part­time	NOUN
ar-22396	89	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	89	37	temporary	temporary	ADJ
ar-22396	89	38	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	89	39	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	89	40	too	too	ADV
ar-22396	90	1	[	[	X
ar-22396	90	2	frequently	frequently	ADV
ar-22396	90	3	]	]	PUNCT
ar-22396	90	4	structurally	structurally	ADV
ar-22396	90	5	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	90	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	90	7	contest	contest	VERB
ar-22396	90	8	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	90	9	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	90	10	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	90	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	90	12	16	16	NUM
ar-22396	90	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	90	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	91	1	she	she	PRON
ar-22396	91	2	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	91	3	describes	describe	VERB
ar-22396	91	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	91	5	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	91	6	mother	mother	NOUN
ar-22396	91	7	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	91	8	a	a	DET
ar-22396	91	9	person	person	NOUN
ar-22396	91	10	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	91	11	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	91	12	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	91	13	to	to	PART
ar-22396	91	14	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	91	15	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	91	16	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	91	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	91	18	desperation	desperation	NOUN
ar-22396	91	19	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	91	20	money	money	NOUN
ar-22396	91	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	91	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	91	23	demands	demand	NOUN
ar-22396	91	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	91	25	raising	raise	VERB
ar-22396	91	26	children	child	NOUN
ar-22396	91	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	91	28	all	all	PRON
ar-22396	91	29	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	91	30	maintaining	maintain	VERB
ar-22396	91	31	normative	normative	ADJ
ar-22396	91	32	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	91	33	appearances	appearance	NOUN
ar-22396	91	34	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	91	35	ibid	ibid	NOUN
ar-22396	91	36	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	91	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	1	during	during	ADP
ar-22396	92	2	times	time	NOUN
ar-22396	92	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	92	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	92	5	crisis	crisis	NOUN
ar-22396	92	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	92	8	double	double	ADJ
ar-22396	92	9	burden	burden	NOUN
ar-22396	92	10	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	11	having	have	VERB
ar-22396	92	12	to	to	PART
ar-22396	92	13	care	care	VERB
ar-22396	92	14	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	92	15	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	92	16	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ar-22396	92	17	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	92	18	making	make	VERB
ar-22396	92	19	monetary	monetary	ADJ
ar-22396	92	20	contributions	contribution	NOUN
ar-22396	92	21	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	92	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	92	23	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	92	24	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	25	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	92	26	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	92	27	increases	increase	VERB
ar-22396	92	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	92	29	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	92	30	magnified	magnify	VERB
ar-22396	92	31	when	when	SCONJ
ar-22396	92	32	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	92	33	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	92	34	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	92	35	cut	cut	VERB
ar-22396	92	36	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	92	37	the	the	DET
ar-22396	92	38	name	name	NOUN
ar-22396	92	39	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	92	40	government	government	NOUN
ar-22396	92	41	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	92	42	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	92	43	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	92	44	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	92	45	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	92	46	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	92	47	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	92	48	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	92	49	143	143	NUM
ar-22396	92	50	austerity	austerity	NOUN
ar-22396	92	51	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	52	root	root	NOUN
ar-22396	92	53	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	54	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	92	55	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	92	56	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	92	57	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	58	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	92	59	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	92	60	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	93	1	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	93	2	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	93	3	find	find	VERB
ar-22396	93	4	themselves	themselves	PRON
ar-22396	93	5	taking	take	VERB
ar-22396	93	6	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	93	7	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	93	8	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	93	9	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB
ar-22396	93	10	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	93	11	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	93	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	93	13	protections	protection	NOUN
ar-22396	93	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	93	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	93	16	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	93	17	stability	stability	NOUN
ar-22396	93	18	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	93	19	exchange	exchange	NOUN
ar-22396	93	20	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	93	21	a	a	DET
ar-22396	93	22	degree	degree	NOUN
ar-22396	93	23	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	93	24	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
ar-22396	93	25	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	93	26	might	might	AUX
ar-22396	93	27	relieve	relieve	VERB
ar-22396	93	28	the	the	DET
ar-22396	93	29	family­workplace	family­workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	93	30	juggling	juggling	NOUN
ar-22396	93	31	act	act	NOUN
ar-22396	93	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	94	1	methodological	methodological	ADJ
ar-22396	94	2	approach	approach	NOUN
ar-22396	94	3	this	this	DET
ar-22396	94	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	94	5	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	94	6	part	part	NOUN
ar-22396	94	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	94	8	a	a	DET
ar-22396	94	9	community­university	community­university	NOUN
ar-22396	94	10	research	research	NOUN
ar-22396	94	11	project	project	NOUN
ar-22396	94	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	94	13	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	94	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	94	15	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	94	16	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	94	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	94	18	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	94	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	94	20	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	94	21	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	94	22	navigating	navigate	VERB
ar-22396	94	23	the	the	DET
ar-22396	94	24	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	94	25	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	94	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	94	27	its	its	PRON
ar-22396	94	28	impact	impact	NOUN
ar-22396	94	29	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	94	30	newcomer	newcomer	ADJ
ar-22396	94	31	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	94	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	94	33	funded	fund	VERB
ar-22396	94	34	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	94	35	ryerson	ryerson	NOUN
ar-22396	94	36	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	94	37	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	94	38	rbc	rbc	PROPN
ar-22396	94	39	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	94	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	94	41	diversity	diversity	NOUN
ar-22396	94	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	94	43	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	94	44	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	94	45	project	project	NOUN
ar-22396	94	46	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	95	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	95	2	partners	partner	NOUN
ar-22396	95	3	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	95	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	95	5	project	project	NOUN
ar-22396	95	6	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	95	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	95	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	95	9	south	south	PROPN
ar-22396	95	10	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	95	11	local	local	PROPN
ar-22396	95	12	immigration	immigration	PROPN
ar-22396	95	13	partnership	partnership	PROPN
ar-22396	95	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	95	15	woodgreen	woodgreen	PROPN
ar-22396	95	16	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	95	17	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	95	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	95	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	95	20	academic	academic	ADJ
ar-22396	95	21	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ar-22396	95	22	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	95	23	ryerson	ryerson	NOUN
ar-22396	95	24	university	university	NOUN
ar-22396	95	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	96	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	96	2	project	project	NOUN
ar-22396	96	3	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	96	4	based	base	VERB
ar-22396	96	5	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	96	6	an	an	DET
ar-22396	96	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	96	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	96	9	a	a	DET
ar-22396	96	10	dataset	dataset	NOUN
ar-22396	96	11	conceived	conceive	VERB
ar-22396	96	12	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	96	13	developed	develop	VERB
ar-22396	96	14	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	96	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	96	16	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	96	17	south	south	PROPN
ar-22396	96	18	local	local	ADJ
ar-22396	96	19	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	96	20	partnership	partnership	NOUN
ar-22396	96	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	96	22	funded	fund	VERB
ar-22396	96	23	through	through	ADP
ar-22396	96	24	wellesley	wellesley	PROPN
ar-22396	96	25	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22396	96	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	97	2	range	range	NOUN
ar-22396	97	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	97	4	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	97	5	partners	partner	NOUN
ar-22396	97	6	included	include	VERB
ar-22396	97	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	8	action	action	NOUN
ar-22396	97	9	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	97	10	neighbourhood	neighbourhood	NOUN
ar-22396	97	11	change	change	NOUN
ar-22396	97	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	13	taylor	taylor	PROPN
ar-22396	97	14	massey	massey	PROPN
ar-22396	97	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	16	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
ar-22396	97	17	canadian	canadian	PROPN
ar-22396	97	18	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	97	19	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	97	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	97	22	canadian	canadian	PROPN
ar-22396	97	23	national	national	PROPN
ar-22396	97	24	council	council	PROPN
ar-22396	97	25	­	­	PROPN
ar-22396	97	26	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	97	27	chapter	chapter	NOUN
ar-22396	97	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	29	neighbourhood	neighbourhood	NOUN
ar-22396	97	30	link	link	NOUN
ar-22396	97	31	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	32	riverdale	riverdale	PROPN
ar-22396	97	33	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	97	34	african	african	PROPN
ar-22396	97	35	association	association	PROPN
ar-22396	97	36	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	37	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	97	38	woodgreen	woodgreen	PROPN
ar-22396	97	39	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	97	40	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	97	41	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	42	akter	akter	NOUN
ar-22396	97	43	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	44	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	97	45	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	97	46	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	97	47	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	48	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	97	49	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	97	50	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	98	2	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	98	3	presented	present	VERB
ar-22396	98	4	herein	herein	NOUN
ar-22396	98	5	reflect	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	98	6	a	a	DET
ar-22396	98	7	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	98	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	98	9	n=453	n=453	NUM
ar-22396	98	10	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	98	11	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	98	12	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	98	13	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	98	14	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	98	15	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	98	16	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	98	17	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	18	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
ar-22396	98	19	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	20	n=199	n=199	NOUN
ar-22396	98	21	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	23	chinese	chinese	PROPN
ar-22396	98	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	25	n=214	n=214	ADJ
ar-22396	98	26	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	98	29	somali	somali	ADJ
ar-22396	98	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	31	n=40	n=40	ADJ
ar-22396	98	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	98	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	99	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	99	2	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	99	3	included	include	VERB
ar-22396	99	4	n=284	n=284	PROPN
ar-22396	99	5	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	99	6	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	99	7	n=122	n=122	NUM
ar-22396	99	8	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	NOUN
ar-22396	99	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	99	10	n=142	n=142	PROPN
ar-22396	99	11	chinese	chinese	PROPN
ar-22396	99	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	99	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	99	14	n=20	n=20	PROPN
ar-22396	99	15	somali	somali	PROPN
ar-22396	99	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	100	1	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	100	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	100	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	100	4	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	100	5	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	100	6	selected	select	VERB
ar-22396	100	7	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	100	8	interval	interval	NOUN
ar-22396	100	9	sampling	sampling	NOUN
ar-22396	100	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	100	11	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	100	12	either	either	CCONJ
ar-22396	100	13	male	male	ADJ
ar-22396	100	14	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	100	15	female	female	ADJ
ar-22396	100	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	100	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	100	18	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	100	19	aged	age	VERB
ar-22396	100	20	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	100	21	years	year	NOUN
ar-22396	100	22	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	100	23	older	old	ADJ
ar-22396	100	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	101	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	101	2	stratified	stratified	ADJ
ar-22396	101	3	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	101	4	randomly	randomly	ADV
ar-22396	101	5	selected	select	VERB
ar-22396	101	6	participants	participant	NOUN
ar-22396	101	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	101	8	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	101	9	homes	home	NOUN
ar-22396	101	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	101	11	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	101	12	street	street	NOUN
ar-22396	101	13	intercepts	intercept	NOUN
ar-22396	101	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	101	15	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	101	16	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	101	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	102	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	102	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
ar-22396	102	3	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	102	4	face­to­face	face­to­face	PROPN
ar-22396	102	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	102	6	used	use	VERB
ar-22396	102	7	a	a	DET
ar-22396	102	8	semi­structured	semi­structured	ADJ
ar-22396	102	9	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
ar-22396	102	10	delivered	deliver	VERB
ar-22396	102	11	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	102	12	multilingual	multilingual	ADJ
ar-22396	102	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	102	14	trained	train	VERB
ar-22396	102	15	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	102	16	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ar-22396	102	17	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	102	18	conducted	conduct	VERB
ar-22396	102	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	102	20	interviews	interview	NOUN
ar-22396	102	21	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	102	22	either	either	CCONJ
ar-22396	102	23	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	102	24	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	102	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	102	26	interviewee	interviewee	NOUN
ar-22396	102	27	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	102	28	mother	mother	NOUN
ar-22396	102	29	language	language	PROPN
ar-22396	102	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	103	1	interviews	interview	NOUN
ar-22396	103	2	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	103	3	conducted	conduct	VERB
ar-22396	103	4	through	through	ADP
ar-22396	103	5	october­december	october­december	PROPN
ar-22396	103	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	103	7	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	103	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	104	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	104	2	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	104	3	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	104	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
ar-22396	104	5	fielded	field	VERB
ar-22396	104	6	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	104	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	104	8	neighbourhoods	neighbourhood	NOUN
ar-22396	104	9	identified	identify	VERB
ar-22396	104	10	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	104	11	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	104	12	enclaves	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	104	13	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	104	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	104	15	east	east	ADJ
ar-22396	104	16	end	end	NOUN
ar-22396	104	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	104	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	104	19	old	old	ADJ
ar-22396	104	20	city	city	NOUN
ar-22396	104	21	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	104	22	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	104	23	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	104	24	crescent	crescent	PROPN
ar-22396	104	25	town	town	NOUN
ar-22396	104	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	104	27	broadview	broadview	PROPN
ar-22396	104	28	chinatown	chinatown	PROPN
ar-22396	104	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	104	30	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	104	31	central	central	ADJ
ar-22396	104	32	riverdale	riverdale	PROPN
ar-22396	104	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	105	1	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	105	2	presented	present	VERB
ar-22396	105	3	herein	herein	NOUN
ar-22396	105	4	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	105	5	analyzed	analyze	VERB
ar-22396	105	6	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	105	7	spss	spss	PROPN
ar-22396	105	8	22	22	NUM
ar-22396	105	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	106	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	106	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	106	3	following	follow	VERB
ar-22396	106	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	106	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	106	6	we	we	PRON
ar-22396	106	7	employ	employ	VERB
ar-22396	106	8	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
ar-22396	106	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ar-22396	106	10	to	to	PART
ar-22396	106	11	present	present	VERB
ar-22396	106	12	a	a	DET
ar-22396	106	13	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	106	14	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	106	15	profile	profile	NOUN
ar-22396	106	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	106	17	this	this	DET
ar-22396	106	18	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	106	19	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	106	20	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	106	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	107	1	we	we	PRON
ar-22396	107	2	contrast	contrast	VERB
ar-22396	107	3	this	this	DET
ar-22396	107	4	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	107	5	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	107	6	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	107	7	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	107	8	other	other	ADJ
ar-22396	107	9	groups	group	NOUN
ar-22396	107	10	along	along	ADP
ar-22396	107	11	a	a	DET
ar-22396	107	12	number	number	NOUN
ar-22396	107	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	107	14	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22396	107	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	107	16	internally	internally	ADV
ar-22396	107	17	compare	compare	VERB
ar-22396	107	18	differences	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	107	19	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	107	20	the	the	DET
ar-22396	107	21	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	107	22	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	107	23	factors	factor	NOUN
ar-22396	107	24	such	such	ADJ
ar-22396	107	25	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	107	26	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	107	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	107	28	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	107	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	108	1	when	when	SCONJ
ar-22396	108	2	employing	employ	VERB
ar-22396	108	3	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	108	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	108	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	108	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	108	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	108	8	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	108	9	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	108	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	108	11	we	we	PRON
ar-22396	108	12	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	108	13	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	108	14	able	able	ADJ
ar-22396	108	15	to	to	PART
ar-22396	108	16	contrast	contrast	VERB
ar-22396	108	17	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	108	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	108	19	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	108	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	108	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	108	22	144	144	NUM
ar-22396	108	23	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	108	24	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	108	25	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	108	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	108	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	108	28	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	108	29	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	108	30	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	108	31	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	108	32	background	background	NOUN
ar-22396	108	33	given	give	VERB
ar-22396	108	34	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	108	35	the	the	DET
ar-22396	108	36	somali	somali	ADJ
ar-22396	108	37	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	108	38	size	size	NOUN
ar-22396	108	39	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	108	40	too	too	ADV
ar-22396	108	41	small	small	ADJ
ar-22396	108	42	to	to	PART
ar-22396	108	43	provide	provide	VERB
ar-22396	108	44	statistically	statistically	ADV
ar-22396	108	45	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
ar-22396	108	46	results	result	NOUN
ar-22396	108	47	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	109	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
ar-22396	109	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	109	3	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
ar-22396	109	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ar-22396	109	5	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	109	6	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	109	7	to	to	PART
ar-22396	109	8	deepen	deepen	VERB
ar-22396	109	9	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	109	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	109	11	regarding	regard	VERB
ar-22396	109	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	109	13	independent	independent	ADJ
ar-22396	109	14	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	109	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	109	16	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	109	17	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	109	18	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	109	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	109	20	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	109	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	109	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	109	23	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	109	24	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	109	25	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	109	26	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	109	27	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	109	28	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	109	29	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	109	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	110	1	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	110	2	findings	finding	VERB
ar-22396	110	3	demographic	demographic	ADJ
ar-22396	110	4	profile	profile	NOUN
ar-22396	110	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	1	about	about	ADV
ar-22396	111	2	half	half	NOUN
ar-22396	111	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	4	48	48	NUM
ar-22396	111	5	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	111	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	111	8	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	111	9	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	111	10	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	111	11	immigrated	immigrate	VERB
ar-22396	111	12	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	111	13	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	111	14	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	111	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	111	16	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	111	17	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	111	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	111	19	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	20	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	111	21	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	111	22	spon­	spon­	NOUN
ar-22396	111	23	sorship	sorship	NOUN
ar-22396	111	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	25	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	26	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	111	27	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	111	28	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	111	29	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	111	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	31	34	34	NUM
ar-22396	111	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	111	33	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	34	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	111	35	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	36	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	111	37	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	111	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	39	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	40	12	12	NUM
ar-22396	111	41	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	111	42	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	111	43	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	44	refugee	refugee	NOUN
ar-22396	111	45	claimants	claimant	NOUN
ar-22396	111	46	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	47	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	48	5	5	NUM
ar-22396	111	49	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	111	50	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	111	51	here	here	ADV
ar-22396	111	52	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	111	53	temporary	temporary	ADJ
ar-22396	111	54	visitor	visitor	NOUN
ar-22396	111	55	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	56	student	student	NOUN
ar-22396	111	57	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	58	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	111	59	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	111	60	permits	permit	NOUN
ar-22396	111	61	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	62	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	111	63	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	111	64	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	111	65	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	111	66	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	111	67	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	111	68	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	69	other	other	ADJ
ar-22396	111	70	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	111	71	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	112	1	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	112	2	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	112	3	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	112	4	moved	move	VERB
ar-22396	112	5	here	here	ADV
ar-22396	112	6	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	112	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	112	8	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	112	9	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	112	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	112	11	42	42	NUM
ar-22396	112	12	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	112	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	112	14	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	112	15	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	112	16	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	112	17	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	112	18	30	30	NUM
ar-22396	112	19	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	112	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	112	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	113	1	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	113	2	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	113	3	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	113	4	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	113	5	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	113	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	113	7	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	113	8	refugee	refugee	NOUN
ar-22396	113	9	claimants	claimant	NOUN
ar-22396	113	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	113	11	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	113	12	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	113	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	113	14	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	113	15	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	113	16	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	113	17	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	113	18	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	113	19	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	113	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	113	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	114	1	about	about	ADV
ar-22396	114	2	half	half	NOUN
ar-22396	114	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	114	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	114	5	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	114	6	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	114	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	114	8	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	114	9	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	114	10	here	here	ADV
ar-22396	114	11	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	114	12	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	114	13	status	status	NOUN
ar-22396	114	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	114	15	49	49	NUM
ar-22396	114	16	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	114	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	114	18	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	114	19	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	114	20	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	114	21	quarter	quarter	NOUN
ar-22396	114	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	114	23	25	25	NUM
ar-22396	114	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	114	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	114	26	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	114	27	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	114	28	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	114	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	115	1	considerably	considerably	ADV
ar-22396	115	2	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	115	3	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	115	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	115	5	62	62	NUM
ar-22396	115	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	115	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	115	8	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	115	9	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	115	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	115	11	26	26	NUM
ar-22396	115	12	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	115	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	115	14	fell	fall	VERB
ar-22396	115	15	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	115	16	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	115	17	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	115	18	designation	designation	NOUN
ar-22396	115	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	116	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	116	2	majority	majority	NOUN
ar-22396	116	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	116	4	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	116	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	116	6	71	71	NUM
ar-22396	116	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	116	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	116	9	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	116	10	married	marry	VERB
ar-22396	116	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	116	12	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	116	13	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	116	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	116	15	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	116	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	116	17	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	116	18	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	116	19	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	116	20	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	116	21	unmarried	unmarried	ADJ
ar-22396	116	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	116	23	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	116	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	116	25	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	116	26	divorced	divorce	VERB
ar-22396	116	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	117	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	117	2	rest	rest	NOUN
ar-22396	117	3	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	117	4	separated	separate	VERB
ar-22396	117	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	117	6	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	117	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	117	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	117	9	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	117	10	widowed	widow	VERB
ar-22396	117	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	117	12	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	117	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	117	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	117	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	118	2	plurality	plurality	NOUN
ar-22396	118	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	4	38	38	NUM
ar-22396	118	5	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	118	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	7	moved	move	VERB
ar-22396	118	8	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	118	9	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	118	10	five	five	NUM
ar-22396	118	11	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	118	12	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	118	13	years	year	NOUN
ar-22396	118	14	prior	prior	ADV
ar-22396	118	15	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	118	16	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	118	17	participation	participation	NOUN
ar-22396	118	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	19	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	118	20	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	118	21	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	118	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	23	28	28	NUM
ar-22396	118	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	118	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	26	moved	move	VERB
ar-22396	118	27	five	five	NUM
ar-22396	118	28	to	to	PART
ar-22396	118	29	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	118	30	years	year	NOUN
ar-22396	118	31	ago	ago	ADV
ar-22396	118	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	33	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	118	34	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	118	35	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	118	36	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	118	37	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	38	31	31	NUM
ar-22396	118	39	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	118	40	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	118	41	had	have	AUX
ar-22396	118	42	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	118	43	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	118	44	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	118	45	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	118	46	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	118	47	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	118	48	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	118	49	years	year	NOUN
ar-22396	118	50	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	119	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	119	2	figures	figure	NOUN
ar-22396	119	3	begin	begin	VERB
ar-22396	119	4	to	to	PART
ar-22396	119	5	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ar-22396	119	6	how	how	SCONJ
ar-22396	119	7	demographic	demographic	ADJ
ar-22396	119	8	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	119	9	link	link	VERB
ar-22396	119	10	together	together	ADV
ar-22396	119	11	to	to	PART
ar-22396	119	12	compound	compound	VERB
ar-22396	119	13	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	119	14	impact	impact	NOUN
ar-22396	119	15	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	119	16	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	119	17	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	119	18	experiences	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	119	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	120	1	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	120	2	specifically	specifically	ADV
ar-22396	120	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	120	4	six	six	NUM
ar-22396	120	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	120	6	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	120	7	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	120	8	63	63	NUM
ar-22396	120	9	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	120	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	120	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	120	12	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	120	13	had	have	VERB
ar-22396	120	14	an	an	DET
ar-22396	120	15	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	120	16	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	120	17	level8	level8	NOUN
ar-22396	120	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	120	19	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	120	20	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ar-22396	120	21	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	120	22	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22396	120	23	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	121	1	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	121	2	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	121	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	121	4	73	73	NUM
ar-22396	121	5	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	121	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	121	7	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	121	8	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	121	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	121	10	58	58	NUM
ar-22396	121	11	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	121	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	121	13	did	do	VERB
ar-22396	121	14	so	so	ADV
ar-22396	121	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	121	16	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	121	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	1	approximately	approximately	ADV
ar-22396	122	2	half	half	NOUN
ar-22396	122	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	4	46	46	NUM
ar-22396	122	5	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	122	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	7	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	122	8	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	122	9	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	122	10	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	122	11	home	home	NOUN
ar-22396	122	12	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ar-22396	122	13	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	122	14	all	all	DET
ar-22396	122	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	122	16	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	122	17	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	18	52	52	NUM
ar-22396	122	19	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	122	20	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	122	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	22	43	43	NUM
ar-22396	122	23	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	122	24	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	122	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	122	27	87	87	NUM
ar-22396	122	28	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	122	29	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	122	30	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	122	31	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	122	32	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	122	33	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	122	34	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ar-22396	122	35	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	122	36	all	all	DET
ar-22396	122	37	the	the	DET
ar-22396	122	38	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	122	39	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	40	90	90	NUM
ar-22396	122	41	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	122	42	8	8	NUM
ar-22396	122	43	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	122	44	self­identified	self­identifie	VERB
ar-22396	122	45	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	122	46	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	122	47	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	122	48	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	122	49	based	base	VERB
ar-22396	122	50	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	122	51	the	the	DET
ar-22396	122	52	following	follow	VERB
ar-22396	122	53	definitions	definition	NOUN
ar-22396	122	54	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	55	beginner	beginner	NOUN
ar-22396	122	56	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	57	esl	esl	PROPN
ar-22396	122	58	levels	levels	PROPN
ar-22396	122	59	1­2	1­2	PROPN
ar-22396	122	60	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	122	61	linc	linc	PROPN
ar-22396	122	62	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	122	63	1­2)­	1­2)­	NUM
ar-22396	122	64	communicates	communicate	VERB
ar-22396	122	65	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	122	66	through	through	ADP
ar-22396	122	67	a	a	DET
ar-22396	122	68	few	few	ADJ
ar-22396	122	69	words	word	NOUN
ar-22396	122	70	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	123	1	may	may	AUX
ar-22396	123	2	recognize	recognize	VERB
ar-22396	123	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	123	4	write	write	VERB
ar-22396	123	5	letters	letter	NOUN
ar-22396	123	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	123	7	numbers	number	NOUN
ar-22396	123	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	123	9	read	read	VERB
ar-22396	123	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	123	11	understand	understand	VERB
ar-22396	123	12	common	common	ADJ
ar-22396	123	13	sight	sight	NOUN
ar-22396	123	14	words	word	NOUN
ar-22396	123	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	124	1	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	124	2	beginner	beginner	NOUN
ar-22396	124	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	124	4	esl	esl	PROPN
ar-22396	124	5	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	124	6	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	124	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	124	8	linc	linc	ADJ
ar-22396	124	9	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	124	10	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	124	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	124	12	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	124	13	communicates	communicate	VERB
ar-22396	124	14	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	124	15	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22396	124	16	learned	learn	VERB
ar-22396	124	17	phrases	phrase	NOUN
ar-22396	124	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	124	19	sentences	sentence	NOUN
ar-22396	124	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	125	1	reads	read	NOUN
ar-22396	125	2	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	125	3	writes	write	VERB
ar-22396	125	4	letters	letter	NOUN
ar-22396	125	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	125	6	numbers	number	NOUN
ar-22396	125	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	125	8	a	a	DET
ar-22396	125	9	limited	limited	ADJ
ar-22396	125	10	number	number	NOUN
ar-22396	125	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	125	12	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22396	125	13	sight	sight	NOUN
ar-22396	125	14	words	word	NOUN
ar-22396	125	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	125	16	simple	simple	ADJ
ar-22396	125	17	phrases	phrase	NOUN
ar-22396	125	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	126	1	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ar-22396	126	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	126	3	esl	esl	PROPN
ar-22396	126	4	levels	levels	PROPN
ar-22396	126	5	4­5	4­5	PROPN
ar-22396	126	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	126	7	linc	linc	ADJ
ar-22396	126	8	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	126	9	4	4	NUM
ar-22396	126	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	126	11	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	126	12	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	126	13	follow	follow	VERB
ar-22396	126	14	oral	oral	ADJ
ar-22396	126	15	directions	direction	NOUN
ar-22396	126	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	127	1	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	127	2	limited	limit	VERB
ar-22396	127	3	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	127	4	to	to	PART
ar-22396	127	5	understand	understand	VERB
ar-22396	127	6	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	127	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	127	8	telephone	telephone	NOUN
ar-22396	127	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	128	1	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	128	2	read	read	VERB
ar-22396	128	3	simplified	simplified	ADJ
ar-22396	128	4	material	material	NOUN
ar-22396	128	5	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	128	6	familiar	familiar	ADJ
ar-22396	128	7	subjects	subject	NOUN
ar-22396	128	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	129	1	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	129	2	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ar-22396	129	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	129	4	esl	esl	PROPN
ar-22396	129	5	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	129	6	6	6	NUM
ar-22396	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	129	8	linc	linc	PROPN
ar-22396	129	9	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	129	10	5­6	5­6	PROPN
ar-22396	129	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	129	12	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	129	13	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	129	14	to	to	PART
ar-22396	129	15	understand	understand	VERB
ar-22396	129	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	129	17	communicate	communicate	VERB
ar-22396	129	18	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	129	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	129	20	telephone	telephone	NOUN
ar-22396	129	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	130	1	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	130	2	participate	participate	VERB
ar-22396	130	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	130	4	conversations	conversation	NOUN
ar-22396	130	5	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	130	6	a	a	DET
ar-22396	130	7	variety	variety	NOUN
ar-22396	130	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	130	9	topics	topic	NOUN
ar-22396	130	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	131	1	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22396	131	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	131	3	esl	esl	PROPN
ar-22396	131	4	levels	levels	PROPN
ar-22396	131	5	7­8	7­8	PROPN
ar-22396	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	131	7	linc	linc	ADJ
ar-22396	131	8	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	131	9	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	131	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	131	11	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	131	12	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	131	13	participate	participate	VERB
ar-22396	131	14	fully	fully	ADV
ar-22396	131	15	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	131	16	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	131	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	131	18	familiar	familiar	ADJ
ar-22396	131	19	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	131	20	situations	situation	NOUN
ar-22396	131	21	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	131	22	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	131	23	understand	understand	VERB
ar-22396	131	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	131	25	participate	participate	VERB
ar-22396	131	26	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	131	27	conversations	conversation	NOUN
ar-22396	131	28	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	131	29	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	131	30	technical	technical	ADJ
ar-22396	131	31	discussions	discussion	NOUN
ar-22396	131	32	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	131	33	own	own	ADJ
ar-22396	131	34	field	field	NOUN
ar-22396	131	35	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	132	1	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	132	2	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	132	3	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	132	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	132	5	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	132	6	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	132	7	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	132	8	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	132	9	145	145	NUM
ar-22396	132	10	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	132	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	132	12	83	83	NUM
ar-22396	132	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	132	14	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	132	15	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	132	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	1	seven	seven	NUM
ar-22396	133	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	133	3	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	133	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	5	70	70	NUM
ar-22396	133	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	133	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	8	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	133	9	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	133	10	use	use	VERB
ar-22396	133	11	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	133	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	133	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	133	14	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	133	15	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ar-22396	133	16	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	133	17	all	all	DET
ar-22396	133	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	133	19	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	133	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	21	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	133	22	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	133	23	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	133	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	25	75	75	NUM
ar-22396	133	26	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	133	27	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	28	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	133	29	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	133	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	31	68	68	NUM
ar-22396	133	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	133	33	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	133	34	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	133	35	so	so	ADV
ar-22396	133	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	134	1	hence	hence	ADV
ar-22396	134	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	134	3	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	134	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	134	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	134	6	large	large	ADJ
ar-22396	134	7	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ar-22396	134	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	134	9	all	all	DET
ar-22396	134	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	134	11	did	do	AUX
ar-22396	134	12	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	134	13	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	134	14	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	134	15	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	134	16	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	134	17	although	although	SCONJ
ar-22396	134	18	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	134	19	was	be	VERB
ar-22396	134	20	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	134	21	a	a	DET
ar-22396	134	22	clear	clear	ADJ
ar-22396	134	23	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	134	24	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
ar-22396	134	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	135	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	135	2	weaker	weak	ADJ
ar-22396	135	3	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	135	4	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	135	5	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	135	6	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	135	7	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	135	8	put	put	VERB
ar-22396	135	9	them	they	PRON
ar-22396	135	10	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	135	11	a	a	DET
ar-22396	135	12	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ar-22396	135	13	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	135	14	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	135	15	disadvantage	disadvantage	NOUN
ar-22396	135	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	136	1	we	we	PRON
ar-22396	136	2	will	will	AUX
ar-22396	136	3	explore	explore	VERB
ar-22396	136	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	136	5	place	place	NOUN
ar-22396	136	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	136	7	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	136	8	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	136	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	136	10	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	136	11	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ar-22396	136	12	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	136	13	fully	fully	ADV
ar-22396	136	14	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	136	15	later	later	ADJ
ar-22396	136	16	section	section	NOUN
ar-22396	136	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	136	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	136	19	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22396	136	20	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	136	21	figure	figure	VERB
ar-22396	136	22	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	136	23	provides	provide	VERB
ar-22396	136	24	an	an	DET
ar-22396	136	25	outline	outline	NOUN
ar-22396	136	26	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	136	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	136	28	core	core	ADJ
ar-22396	136	29	nature	nature	NOUN
ar-22396	136	30	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	136	31	the	the	DET
ar-22396	136	32	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	136	33	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	136	34	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	136	35	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22396	136	36	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	136	37	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	136	38	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	136	39	results	result	VERB
ar-22396	136	40	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	136	41	improved	improved	ADJ
ar-22396	136	42	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	136	43	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	136	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	1	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	137	2	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	137	3	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	137	4	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ar-22396	137	5	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	137	6	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22396	137	7	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	137	8	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	137	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	10	62	62	NUM
ar-22396	137	11	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	137	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	13	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	137	14	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	137	15	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	137	16	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	137	17	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	137	18	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	137	19	lower	low	ADJ
ar-22396	137	20	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	137	21	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	22	52	52	NUM
ar-22396	137	23	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	137	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	25	to	to	PART
ar-22396	137	26	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	137	27	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	137	28	at	at	ADV
ar-22396	137	29	all	all	ADV
ar-22396	137	30	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	31	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	137	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	33	part­time	part­time	NOUN
ar-22396	137	34	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	137	35	casual	casual	ADJ
ar-22396	137	36	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	37	though	though	SCONJ
ar-22396	137	38	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	137	39	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	137	40	just	just	ADV
ar-22396	137	41	as	as	ADV
ar-22396	137	42	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	137	43	to	to	PART
ar-22396	137	44	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	137	45	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	137	46	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	137	47	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	48	35	35	NUM
ar-22396	137	49	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	137	50	vs.	vs.	ADP
ar-22396	137	51	33	33	NUM
ar-22396	137	52	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	137	53	respectively	respectively	ADV
ar-22396	137	54	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	137	55	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	1	critically	critically	ADV
ar-22396	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	3	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	138	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	5	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	138	6	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	138	7	stronger	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	138	8	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	138	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	138	10	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	138	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	12	42	42	NUM
ar-22396	138	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	138	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	15	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	138	16	considerably	considerably	ADV
ar-22396	138	17	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	138	18	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	138	19	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	138	20	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	138	21	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	138	22	weaker	weak	ADJ
ar-22396	138	23	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	138	24	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	138	25	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	26	27	27	NUM
ar-22396	138	27	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	138	28	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	138	29	to	to	PART
ar-22396	138	30	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	138	31	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	138	32	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	138	33	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	138	34	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	138	35	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	138	36	above	above	ADP
ar-22396	138	37	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	138	38	30,000	30,000	NUM
ar-22396	138	39	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	139	1	n=453	n=453	NUM
ar-22396	139	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	139	3	all	all	DET
ar-22396	139	4	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	139	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	139	6	146	146	NUM
ar-22396	139	7	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	139	8	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	139	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	139	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	139	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	139	12	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	139	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	139	14	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	139	15	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	139	16	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	139	17	rates	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	139	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	139	19	types	type	NOUN
ar-22396	139	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	139	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	139	22	participation	participation	NOUN
ar-22396	139	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	139	24	the	the	DET
ar-22396	139	25	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	139	26	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	139	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	140	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ar-22396	140	2	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	140	3	gives	give	VERB
ar-22396	140	4	us	we	PRON
ar-22396	140	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	140	6	snapshot	snapshot	ADJ
ar-22396	140	7	comparison	comparison	NOUN
ar-22396	140	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	140	9	general	general	ADJ
ar-22396	140	10	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	140	11	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	140	12	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	140	13	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	140	14	surveyed	survey	VERB
ar-22396	140	15	enclave	enclave	ADJ
ar-22396	140	16	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	140	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	140	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	140	19	overall	overall	ADJ
ar-22396	140	20	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	140	21	workforce	workforce	NOUN
ar-22396	140	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	140	23	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	140	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	141	1	what	what	PRON
ar-22396	141	2	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	141	3	stands	stand	VERB
ar-22396	141	4	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	141	5	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	141	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	141	7	much	much	ADV
ar-22396	141	8	lower	low	ADJ
ar-22396	141	9	rates	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	141	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	141	11	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	141	12	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	141	13	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	141	14	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	141	15	surveyed	survey	VERB
ar-22396	141	16	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	141	17	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	141	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	141	19	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	141	20	much	much	ADV
ar-22396	141	21	higher	high	ADJ
ar-22396	141	22	rates	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	141	23	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	141	24	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22396	141	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	1	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	142	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	142	3	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	142	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	5	34	34	NUM
ar-22396	142	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	142	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	8	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	142	9	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	142	10	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	142	11	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	142	12	report	report	NOUN
ar-22396	142	13	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	142	14	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	142	15	full	full	ADJ
ar-22396	142	16	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	142	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	18	defined	define	VERB
ar-22396	142	19	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	142	20	30	30	NUM
ar-22396	142	21	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	142	22	per	per	ADP
ar-22396	142	23	week	week	NOUN
ar-22396	142	24	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	142	25	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	142	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	27	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	142	28	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	142	29	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	142	30	the	the	DET
ar-22396	142	31	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	142	32	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	142	33	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	142	34	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	142	35	statistics	statistics	PROPN
ar-22396	142	36	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	142	37	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	142	38	the	the	DET
ar-22396	142	39	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	142	40	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	142	41	rate	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	142	42	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	142	43	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	142	44	over	over	ADP
ar-22396	142	45	the	the	DET
ar-22396	142	46	age	age	NOUN
ar-22396	142	47	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	142	48	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	142	49	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	142	50	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	142	51	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	142	52	50	50	NUM
ar-22396	142	53	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	142	54	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	55	statistics	statistics	PROPN
ar-22396	142	56	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	142	57	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	58	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	142	59	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	142	60	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	143	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	143	2	difference	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	143	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	143	4	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22396	143	5	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	143	6	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	143	7	these	these	DET
ar-22396	143	8	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	143	9	groups	group	NOUN
ar-22396	143	10	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	143	11	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	143	12	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	143	13	versus	versus	ADP
ar-22396	143	14	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	143	15	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	143	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	143	17	a	a	DET
ar-22396	143	18	rate	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	143	19	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	143	20	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	143	21	twice	twice	DET
ar-22396	143	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	143	23	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	143	24	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	143	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	143	26	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	143	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	144	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	144	2	enclave	enclave	PROPN
ar-22396	144	3	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	144	4	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	144	5	had	have	VERB
ar-22396	144	6	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
ar-22396	144	7	higher	high	ADJ
ar-22396	144	8	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	144	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	144	10	part­time	part­time	NOUN
ar-22396	144	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	144	12	casual	casual	ADJ
ar-22396	144	13	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	144	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	1	n=453	n=453	NUM
ar-22396	145	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	3	all	all	DET
ar-22396	145	4	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	145	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	6	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	145	7	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	145	8	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	145	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	145	10	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	145	11	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	145	12	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	145	13	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	145	14	147	147	NUM
ar-22396	145	15	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	145	16	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	145	17	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	145	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	145	19	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	145	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	21	36	36	NUM
ar-22396	145	22	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	145	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	24	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	145	25	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	145	26	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	145	27	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	145	28	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	145	29	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	145	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	31	32	32	NUM
ar-22396	145	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	145	33	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	34	to	to	PART
ar-22396	145	35	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	145	36	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	145	37	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	145	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	39	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	145	40	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	145	41	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	145	42	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	145	43	both	both	PRON
ar-22396	145	44	held	hold	VERB
ar-22396	145	45	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	46	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	145	47	aggregate	aggregate	ADJ
ar-22396	145	48	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	49	similar	similar	ADJ
ar-22396	145	50	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	145	51	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	145	52	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	145	53	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	145	54	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	55	34	34	NUM
ar-22396	145	56	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	145	57	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	145	58	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	1	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	146	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	146	3	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	146	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	5	10	10	NUM
ar-22396	146	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	146	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	8	responded	respond	VERB
ar-22396	146	9	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	146	10	having	have	VERB
ar-22396	146	11	a	a	DET
ar-22396	146	12	current	current	ADJ
ar-22396	146	13	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	146	14	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	146	15	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	146	16	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	146	17	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	18	casual	casual	ADJ
ar-22396	146	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	20	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	21	defined	define	VERB
ar-22396	146	22	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	146	23	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	24	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
ar-22396	146	25	you	you	PRON
ar-22396	146	26	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	146	27	get	get	VERB
ar-22396	146	28	the	the	DET
ar-22396	146	29	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	146	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	31	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	146	32	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	146	33	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	146	34	not	not	PART
ar-22396	146	35	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	146	36	predictable	predictable	ADJ
ar-22396	146	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	146	38	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	1	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	147	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	3	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	147	4	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	147	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	6	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	147	7	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	147	8	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	147	9	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	147	10	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	147	11	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	NOUN
ar-22396	147	12	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	13	8	8	NUM
ar-22396	147	14	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	147	15	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	16	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	147	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	18	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	147	19	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	147	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	21	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	147	22	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	147	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	24	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	147	25	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	147	26	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	147	27	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	147	28	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	147	29	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	30	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	147	31	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	147	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	147	34	to	to	PART
ar-22396	147	35	hold	hold	VERB
ar-22396	147	36	casual	casual	ADJ
ar-22396	147	37	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	147	38	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	148	1	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	148	2	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	148	3	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	148	4	reflects	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	148	5	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	148	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	148	7	currently	currently	ADV
ar-22396	148	8	not	not	PART
ar-22396	148	9	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	148	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	148	11	looking	look	VERB
ar-22396	148	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	148	13	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	148	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	148	15	compared	compare	VERB
ar-22396	148	16	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	148	17	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	148	18	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	148	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	148	20	the	the	DET
ar-22396	148	21	overall	overall	ADJ
ar-22396	148	22	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	148	23	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	148	24	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	148	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	148	26	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22396	148	27	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	148	28	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	148	29	the	the	DET
ar-22396	148	30	labour	labour	PROPN
ar-22396	148	31	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	148	32	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	148	33	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	148	34	ibid	ibid	NOUN
ar-22396	148	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	148	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	149	1	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	149	2	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	149	3	is	be	VERB
ar-22396	149	4	no	no	DET
ar-22396	149	5	apparent	apparent	ADJ
ar-22396	149	6	difference	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	149	7	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	149	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	149	9	ethnicities	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	149	10	surveyed	survey	VERB
ar-22396	149	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	149	12	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	149	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	149	14	17	17	NUM
ar-22396	149	15	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	149	16	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	149	17	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	149	18	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	149	19	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	149	20	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	149	21	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	149	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	149	23	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	149	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	149	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	149	26	to	to	PART
ar-22396	149	27	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	149	28	unemployed	unemployed	ADJ
ar-22396	149	29	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	149	30	looking	look	VERB
ar-22396	149	31	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	149	32	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	149	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	150	1	hence	hence	ADV
ar-22396	150	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	150	3	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	150	4	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	150	5	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	150	6	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	150	7	significantly	significantly	ADV
ar-22396	150	8	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22396	150	9	rates	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	150	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	150	11	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22396	150	12	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	150	13	nonstandard	nonstandard	ADJ
ar-22396	150	14	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	150	15	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	150	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	150	17	overall	overall	ADJ
ar-22396	150	18	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	150	19	force	force	NOUN
ar-22396	150	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	151	1	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	151	2	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	151	3	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	151	4	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	151	5	reveal	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	151	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	151	7	grim	grim	ADJ
ar-22396	151	8	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	151	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	151	10	financial	financial	ADJ
ar-22396	151	11	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22396	151	12	facing	face	VERB
ar-22396	151	13	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	151	14	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	151	15	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	151	16	these	these	DET
ar-22396	151	17	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	151	18	enclaves	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	151	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	152	2	majority	majority	NOUN
ar-22396	152	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	152	4	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	152	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	6	68	68	NUM
ar-22396	152	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	152	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	10	where	where	SCONJ
ar-22396	152	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	152	12	respondent	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	152	13	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	152	14	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	152	15	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	152	16	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	152	17	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	152	18	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	152	19	30	30	NUM
ar-22396	152	20	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	152	21	per	per	ADP
ar-22396	152	22	week	week	NOUN
ar-22396	152	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	24	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	152	25	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	152	26	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	152	27	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	152	28	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	152	29	30,000	30,000	NUM
ar-22396	152	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	31	versus	versus	ADP
ar-22396	152	32	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	152	33	25	25	NUM
ar-22396	152	34	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	152	35	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	152	36	the	the	DET
ar-22396	152	37	city	city	NOUN
ar-22396	152	38	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	152	39	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	152	40	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	152	41	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	42	ibid	ibid	NOUN
ar-22396	152	43	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	152	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	153	1	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	153	2	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	153	3	an	an	DET
ar-22396	153	4	earnings	earning	NOUN
ar-22396	153	5	deficit	deficit	NOUN
ar-22396	153	6	figure	figure	NOUN
ar-22396	153	7	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	153	8	approaches	approach	VERB
ar-22396	153	9	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	153	10	times	time	NOUN
ar-22396	153	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	153	12	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	153	13	incomes	income	NOUN
ar-22396	153	14	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	153	15	found	find	VERB
ar-22396	153	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	153	17	city	city	NOUN
ar-22396	153	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	153	19	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	153	20	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	153	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	154	1	looking	look	VERB
ar-22396	154	2	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	154	3	individual	individual	ADJ
ar-22396	154	4	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	154	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	154	6	eight	eight	NUM
ar-22396	154	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	154	8	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	154	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	154	10	80	80	NUM
ar-22396	154	11	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	154	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	154	13	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	154	14	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	154	15	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	154	16	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	154	17	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	154	18	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	154	19	30,000	30,000	NUM
ar-22396	154	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	154	21	40	40	NUM
ar-22396	154	22	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	154	23	earned	earn	VERB
ar-22396	154	24	below	below	ADP
ar-22396	154	25	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	154	26	10,000	10,000	NUM
ar-22396	154	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	155	1	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	155	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	155	3	lowest	low	ADJ
ar-22396	155	4	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	155	5	bracket	bracket	NOUN
ar-22396	155	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	155	7	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	155	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	155	9	53	53	NUM
ar-22396	155	10	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	155	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	155	12	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	155	13	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	155	14	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	155	15	twice	twice	ADV
ar-22396	155	16	as	as	ADV
ar-22396	155	17	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	155	18	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22396	155	19	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	155	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	155	21	25	25	NUM
ar-22396	155	22	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	155	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	155	24	to	to	PART
ar-22396	155	25	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	155	26	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	155	27	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	155	28	below	below	ADP
ar-22396	155	29	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	155	30	10,000	10,000	NUM
ar-22396	155	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	156	1	hence	hence	ADV
ar-22396	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	156	3	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	156	4	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	156	5	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	156	6	displayed	display	VERB
ar-22396	156	7	a	a	DET
ar-22396	156	8	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ar-22396	156	9	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	156	10	dimension	dimension	NOUN
ar-22396	156	11	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	156	12	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	156	13	being	be	AUX
ar-22396	156	14	greatly	greatly	ADV
ar-22396	156	15	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ
ar-22396	156	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	157	1	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	157	2	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	157	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	157	4	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	157	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	157	6	37	37	NUM
ar-22396	157	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	157	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	157	9	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	157	10	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	157	11	being	be	AUX
ar-22396	157	12	able	able	ADJ
ar-22396	157	13	to	to	PART
ar-22396	157	14	fully	fully	ADV
ar-22396	157	15	cover	cover	VERB
ar-22396	157	16	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	157	17	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	157	18	expenses	expense	NOUN
ar-22396	157	19	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	157	20	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	157	21	earned	earn	VERB
ar-22396	157	22	through	through	ADP
ar-22396	157	23	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	157	24	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	157	25	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	157	26	a	a	DET
ar-22396	157	27	majority	majority	NOUN
ar-22396	157	28	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	157	29	67	67	NUM
ar-22396	157	30	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	157	31	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	157	32	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	157	33	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	157	34	relied	rely	VERB
ar-22396	157	35	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	157	36	other	other	ADJ
ar-22396	157	37	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	157	38	sources	source	NOUN
ar-22396	157	39	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	158	1	six	six	NUM
ar-22396	158	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	158	3	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	158	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	158	5	62	62	NUM
ar-22396	158	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	158	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	158	8	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	158	9	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ar-22396	158	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	158	11	meeting	meet	VERB
ar-22396	158	12	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	158	13	monthly	monthly	ADJ
ar-22396	158	14	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	158	15	expenses	expense	NOUN
ar-22396	158	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	158	17	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	158	18	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	158	19	seven	seven	NUM
ar-22396	158	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	158	21	14	14	NUM
ar-22396	158	22	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	158	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	158	24	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	158	25	great	great	ADJ
ar-22396	158	26	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ar-22396	158	27	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	158	28	doing	do	VERB
ar-22396	158	29	so	so	ADV
ar-22396	158	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	159	2	similar	similar	ADJ
ar-22396	159	3	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ar-22396	159	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	5	60	60	NUM
ar-22396	159	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	159	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	159	9	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	159	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	159	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	12	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	159	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	14	part­time	part­time	NOUN
ar-22396	159	15	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	159	16	casual	casual	NOUN
ar-22396	159	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	18	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	159	19	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	159	20	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	159	21	having	have	VERB
ar-22396	159	22	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
ar-22396	159	23	making	make	VERB
ar-22396	159	24	ends	end	NOUN
ar-22396	159	25	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	159	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	159	27	indicating	indicate	VERB
ar-22396	159	28	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	159	29	this	this	DET
ar-22396	159	30	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ar-22396	159	31	situation	situation	NOUN
ar-22396	159	32	reflects	reflect	VERB
ar-22396	159	33	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	159	34	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	159	35	prospects	prospect	NOUN
ar-22396	159	36	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	159	37	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	159	38	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	159	39	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	159	40	these	these	DET
ar-22396	159	41	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	159	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	160	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
ar-22396	160	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	160	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	160	4	problem	problem	NOUN
ar-22396	160	5	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	160	6	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	160	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	160	8	these	these	DET
ar-22396	160	9	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	160	10	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	160	11	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	160	12	not	not	PART
ar-22396	160	13	simple	simple	ADJ
ar-22396	160	14	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22396	160	15	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	160	16	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	160	17	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	160	18	did	do	AUX
ar-22396	160	19	not	not	PART
ar-22396	160	20	provide	provide	VERB
ar-22396	160	21	a	a	DET
ar-22396	160	22	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	160	23	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	160	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	160	25	i.e.	i.e.	X
ar-22396	160	26	a	a	DET
ar-22396	160	27	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	160	28	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	160	29	provided	provide	VERB
ar-22396	160	30	them	they	PRON
ar-22396	160	31	enough	enough	ADJ
ar-22396	160	32	to	to	PART
ar-22396	160	33	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	160	34	the	the	DET
ar-22396	160	35	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22396	160	36	necessities	necessity	NOUN
ar-22396	160	37	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	160	38	daily	daily	ADJ
ar-22396	160	39	life	life	NOUN
ar-22396	160	40	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	160	41	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	161	1	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	161	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	161	3	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	161	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	161	5	34	34	NUM
ar-22396	161	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	161	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	161	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	161	9	all	all	DET
ar-22396	161	10	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	161	11	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	161	12	doing	do	VERB
ar-22396	161	13	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	161	14	least	least	ADJ
ar-22396	161	15	some	some	PRON
ar-22396	161	16	self­employment	self­employment	NOUN
ar-22396	161	17	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	161	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	161	19	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	161	20	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	161	21	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	161	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	161	23	32	32	NUM
ar-22396	161	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	161	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	162	1	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	162	2	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	162	3	someone	someone	PRON
ar-22396	162	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	162	5	148	148	NUM
ar-22396	162	6	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	162	7	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	162	8	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	162	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	162	10	the	the	DET
ar-22396	162	11	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	162	12	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	162	13	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	162	14	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	162	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	162	16	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	162	17	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	162	18	doing	do	VERB
ar-22396	162	19	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	162	20	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	162	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	1	self­employed	self­employe	VERB
ar-22396	163	2	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	163	3	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	163	4	most	most	ADV
ar-22396	163	5	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	163	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	163	7	say	say	VERB
ar-22396	163	8	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	163	9	pursued	pursue	VERB
ar-22396	163	10	this	this	DET
ar-22396	163	11	route	route	NOUN
ar-22396	163	12	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	163	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	163	14	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
ar-22396	163	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	16	37	37	NUM
ar-22396	163	17	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	163	18	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	20	convenience	convenience	NOUN
ar-22396	163	21	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	22	25	25	NUM
ar-22396	163	23	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	163	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	25	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	163	26	start­up	start­up	NOUN
ar-22396	163	27	costs	cost	NOUN
ar-22396	163	28	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	29	14	14	NUM
ar-22396	163	30	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	163	31	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	163	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	164	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	164	2	figures	figure	NOUN
ar-22396	164	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	164	4	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	164	5	self­	self­	ADJ
ar-22396	164	6	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	164	7	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	164	8	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	164	9	this	this	DET
ar-22396	164	10	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	164	11	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	164	12	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	164	13	become	become	VERB
ar-22396	164	14	extremely	extremely	ADV
ar-22396	164	15	important	important	ADJ
ar-22396	164	16	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	164	17	providing	provide	VERB
ar-22396	164	18	a	a	DET
ar-22396	164	19	source	source	NOUN
ar-22396	164	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	164	21	income	income	NOUN
ar-22396	164	22	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	164	23	the	the	DET
ar-22396	164	24	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	164	25	provides	provide	VERB
ar-22396	164	26	important	important	ADJ
ar-22396	164	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ar-22396	164	28	revealing	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	164	29	the	the	DET
ar-22396	164	30	turn	turn	NOUN
ar-22396	164	31	to	to	PART
ar-22396	164	32	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	164	33	outside	outside	ADP
ar-22396	164	34	the	the	DET
ar-22396	164	35	standard	standard	ADJ
ar-22396	164	36	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	164	37	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	164	38	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	164	39	survival	survival	NOUN
ar-22396	164	40	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	164	41	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	1	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	165	2	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	165	3	engaged	engage	VERB
ar-22396	165	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	165	5	self­employed	self­employe	VERB
ar-22396	165	6	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	165	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	8	childcare	childcare	NOUN
ar-22396	165	9	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	165	10	babysitting	babysitting	NOUN
ar-22396	165	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	12	20	20	NUM
ar-22396	165	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	165	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	15	led	lead	VERB
ar-22396	165	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	165	17	list	list	NOUN
ar-22396	165	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	19	followed	follow	VERB
ar-22396	165	20	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	165	21	self­employment	self­employment	ADJ
ar-22396	165	22	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	165	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	165	24	food	food	NOUN
ar-22396	165	25	services	service	NOUN
ar-22396	165	26	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	27	12	12	NUM
ar-22396	165	28	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	165	29	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	31	building	building	NOUN
ar-22396	165	32	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	165	33	renovating	renovating	NOUN
ar-22396	165	34	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	35	10	10	NUM
ar-22396	165	36	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	165	37	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	39	caregiving	caregive	VERB
ar-22396	165	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	41	8	8	NUM
ar-22396	165	42	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	165	43	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	45	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
ar-22396	165	46	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	47	8	8	NUM
ar-22396	165	48	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	165	49	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	50	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	51	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	165	52	taxi	taxi	NOUN
ar-22396	165	53	driving	driving	NOUN
ar-22396	165	54	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	55	8	8	NUM
ar-22396	165	56	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	165	57	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	165	58	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	166	1	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	166	2	were	be	VERB
ar-22396	166	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	166	4	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	166	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	166	6	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ar-22396	166	7	types	type	NOUN
ar-22396	166	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	166	9	self­employment	self­employment	NOUN
ar-22396	166	10	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	166	11	utilized	utilize	VERB
ar-22396	166	12	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	166	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	166	14	different	different	ADJ
ar-22396	166	15	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	166	16	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	166	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	166	18	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	166	19	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	166	20	versus	versus	ADP
ar-22396	166	21	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	166	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	1	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
ar-22396	167	2	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	167	3	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	167	4	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	167	5	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	167	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	167	7	say	say	VERB
ar-22396	167	8	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
ar-22396	167	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	10	16	16	NUM
ar-22396	167	11	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	167	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	13	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	167	14	taxi	taxi	NOUN
ar-22396	167	15	driving	driving	NOUN
ar-22396	167	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	17	16	16	NUM
ar-22396	167	18	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	167	19	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	20	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	167	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	167	22	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	167	23	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	167	24	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	167	25	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	167	26	to	to	PART
ar-22396	167	27	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	167	28	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	167	29	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	167	30	food	food	NOUN
ar-22396	167	31	service	service	NOUN
ar-22396	167	32	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	33	20	20	NUM
ar-22396	167	34	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	167	35	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	36	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	37	providing	provide	VERB
ar-22396	167	38	room	room	NOUN
ar-22396	167	39	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	167	40	board	board	NOUN
ar-22396	167	41	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	42	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	167	43	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	167	44	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	45	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	46	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	167	47	sewing	sewing	NOUN
ar-22396	167	48	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	49	8	8	NUM
ar-22396	167	50	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	167	51	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	167	52	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	1	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	168	2	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	168	3	building	building	NOUN
ar-22396	168	4	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	168	5	renovations	renovation	NOUN
ar-22396	168	6	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	7	20	20	NUM
ar-22396	168	8	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	9	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	10	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	168	11	taxi	taxi	NOUN
ar-22396	168	12	driving	driving	NOUN
ar-22396	168	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	14	17	17	NUM
ar-22396	168	15	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	16	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	17	considerably	considerably	ADV
ar-22396	168	18	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	168	19	than	than	SCONJ
ar-22396	168	20	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	168	21	did	do	VERB
ar-22396	168	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	23	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	168	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	25	each	each	PRON
ar-22396	168	26	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	27	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	168	28	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	168	29	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	168	30	babysitting	babysitte	VERB
ar-22396	168	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	32	27	27	NUM
ar-22396	168	33	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	34	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	35	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	168	36	caregiving	caregive	VERB
ar-22396	168	37	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	38	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	168	39	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	40	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	41	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	168	42	than	than	SCONJ
ar-22396	168	43	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	168	44	did	do	VERB
ar-22396	168	45	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	46	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	168	47	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	48	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	168	49	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	168	50	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	168	51	respectively	respectively	ADV
ar-22396	168	52	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	168	53	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	1	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	169	2	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	169	3	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	169	4	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	169	5	direct	direct	ADJ
ar-22396	169	6	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	169	7	payments	payment	NOUN
ar-22396	169	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	9	factory	factory	NOUN
ar-22396	169	10	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	169	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	12	35	35	NUM
ar-22396	169	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	169	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	16	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	169	17	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	169	18	a	a	DET
ar-22396	169	19	store	store	NOUN
ar-22396	169	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	21	29	29	NUM
ar-22396	169	22	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	169	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	169	25	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN
ar-22396	169	26	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	27	14	14	NUM
ar-22396	169	28	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	169	29	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	169	30	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	169	31	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	169	32	the	the	DET
ar-22396	169	33	most	most	ADV
ar-22396	169	34	popular	popular	ADJ
ar-22396	169	35	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	169	36	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	169	37	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	169	38	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	1	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
ar-22396	170	2	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	170	3	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	170	4	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	170	5	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	170	6	than	than	SCONJ
ar-22396	170	7	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	170	8	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	170	9	to	to	PART
ar-22396	170	10	say	say	VERB
ar-22396	170	11	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	170	12	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	170	13	doing	do	VERB
ar-22396	170	14	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN
ar-22396	170	15	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	170	16	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	170	17	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	170	18	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	19	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	170	20	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	170	21	vs.	vs.	ADP
ar-22396	170	22	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	170	23	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	170	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	25	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	170	26	tutoring	tutoring	NOUN
ar-22396	170	27	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	28	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	170	29	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	170	30	vs.	vs.	ADP
ar-22396	170	31	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	170	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	170	33	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	34	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	170	35	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	170	36	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	170	37	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	170	38	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	170	39	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	170	40	to	to	PART
ar-22396	170	41	say	say	VERB
ar-22396	170	42	factory	factory	NOUN
ar-22396	170	43	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	170	44	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	45	35	35	NUM
ar-22396	170	46	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	170	47	vs.	vs.	ADP
ar-22396	170	48	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	170	49	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	170	50	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	170	51	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	171	1	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	171	2	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	171	3	considerably	considerably	ADV
ar-22396	171	4	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	171	5	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	171	6	to	to	PART
ar-22396	171	7	say	say	VERB
ar-22396	171	8	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	171	9	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	171	10	doing	do	VERB
ar-22396	171	11	factory	factory	NOUN
ar-22396	171	12	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	171	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	171	14	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	171	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	171	16	45	45	NUM
ar-22396	171	17	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	171	18	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	171	19	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	171	20	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	171	21	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	171	22	28	28	NUM
ar-22396	171	23	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	171	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	171	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	172	2	amount	amount	NOUN
ar-22396	172	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	172	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	172	5	carried	carry	VERB
ar-22396	172	6	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	172	7	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	172	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	172	9	shadow	shadow	NOUN
ar-22396	172	10	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	172	11	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	172	12	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	172	13	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	172	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	172	15	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	172	16	enclaves	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	172	17	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	172	18	considerable	considerable	ADJ
ar-22396	172	19	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	172	20	speaks	speak	VERB
ar-22396	172	21	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	172	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	172	23	reach	reach	NOUN
ar-22396	172	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	172	25	importance	importance	NOUN
ar-22396	172	26	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	172	27	‘	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	28	informalized	informalized	ADJ
ar-22396	172	29	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	172	30	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	31	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	172	32	the	the	DET
ar-22396	172	33	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	172	34	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	172	35	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	36	castles	castle	NOUN
ar-22396	172	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	38	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	172	39	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	40	57­58	57­58	NUM
ar-22396	172	41	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	172	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	173	1	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	173	2	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	173	3	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	173	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	174	1	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	174	2	aspect	aspect	NOUN
ar-22396	174	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	174	4	nonstandard	nonstandard	ADJ
ar-22396	174	5	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	174	6	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	174	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	174	8	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	174	9	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	174	10	based	base	VERB
ar-22396	174	11	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	174	12	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	174	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	174	14	notion	notion	NOUN
ar-22396	174	15	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	174	16	these	these	DET
ar-22396	174	17	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	174	18	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	174	19	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	174	20	exposed	expose	VERB
ar-22396	174	21	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	174	22	employer	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	174	23	abuse	abuse	NOUN
ar-22396	174	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	174	25	rodgers	rodger	NOUN
ar-22396	174	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	174	27	1989	1989	NUM
ar-22396	174	28	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	174	29	rubery	rubery	PROPN
ar-22396	174	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	174	31	1989	1989	NUM
ar-22396	174	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	174	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	175	1	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	175	2	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	175	3	asked	ask	VERB
ar-22396	175	4	if	if	SCONJ
ar-22396	175	5	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	175	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	175	7	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	175	8	anyone	anyone	PRON
ar-22396	175	9	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	175	10	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	175	11	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	175	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	175	13	had	have	AUX
ar-22396	175	14	worked	work	VERB
ar-22396	175	15	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	175	16	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	175	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	175	18	if	if	SCONJ
ar-22396	175	19	certain	certain	ADJ
ar-22396	175	20	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	175	21	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	175	22	applied	apply	VERB
ar-22396	175	23	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	175	24	that	that	DET
ar-22396	175	25	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	175	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	176	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	176	2	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	176	3	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	176	4	reveal	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	176	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	176	6	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	176	7	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	176	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	176	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	176	10	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	176	11	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	176	12	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
ar-22396	176	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	176	14	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	176	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	176	16	somali	somali	ADJ
ar-22396	176	17	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	176	18	do	do	AUX
ar-22396	176	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	176	20	fact	fact	NOUN
ar-22396	176	21	face	face	VERB
ar-22396	176	22	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	176	23	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	176	24	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	176	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	1	regarding	regard	VERB
ar-22396	177	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	177	3	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	177	4	member	member	NOUN
ar-22396	177	5	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	177	6	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	177	7	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	177	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	177	9	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	177	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	11	about	about	ADV
ar-22396	177	12	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	177	13	third	third	ADJ
ar-22396	177	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	15	36	36	NUM
ar-22396	177	16	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	177	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	18	indicated	indicate	VERB
ar-22396	177	19	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	177	20	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	177	21	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	177	22	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	177	23	standard	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	177	24	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	177	25	not	not	PART
ar-22396	177	26	met	meet	VERB
ar-22396	177	27	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	177	28	this	this	DET
ar-22396	177	29	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	177	30	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	31	17	17	NUM
ar-22396	177	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	177	33	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	177	34	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	177	35	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	177	36	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	37	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	177	38	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	177	39	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	177	40	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	177	41	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	177	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	177	43	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	177	44	7	7	NUM
ar-22396	177	45	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	177	46	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	177	47	four	four	NUM
ar-22396	177	48	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	177	49	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	178	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	178	2	numbers	number	NOUN
ar-22396	178	3	vary	vary	VERB
ar-22396	178	4	considerably	considerably	ADV
ar-22396	178	5	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	178	6	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	178	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	179	1	fully	fully	ADV
ar-22396	179	2	half	half	NOUN
ar-22396	179	3	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	179	4	50	50	NUM
ar-22396	179	5	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	179	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	179	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	179	8	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	179	9	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	179	10	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	179	11	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	179	12	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	179	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	179	14	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	179	15	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	179	16	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	179	17	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	179	18	149	149	NUM
ar-22396	179	19	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	179	20	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	179	21	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	179	22	experiencing	experience	VERB
ar-22396	179	23	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	179	24	violation	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	179	25	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	179	26	23	23	NUM
ar-22396	179	27	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	179	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	179	29	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	179	30	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	179	31	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	179	32	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	179	33	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	179	34	so	so	ADV
ar-22396	179	35	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	180	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
ar-22396	180	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	180	3	16	16	NUM
ar-22396	180	4	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	180	5	received	receive	VERB
ar-22396	180	6	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	180	7	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	180	8	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	180	9	10.25	10.25	NUM
ar-22396	180	10	an	an	DET
ar-22396	180	11	hour	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	180	12	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	180	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	180	14	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ar-22396	180	15	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	180	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	180	17	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	180	18	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	180	19	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	180	20	23	23	NUM
ar-22396	180	21	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	180	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	180	23	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	180	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	180	25	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	180	26	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	180	27	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	180	28	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	180	29	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	180	30	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	180	31	below	below	ADP
ar-22396	180	32	this	this	DET
ar-22396	180	33	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	180	34	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	1	overall	overall	ADJ
ar-22396	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	3	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	181	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	181	5	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	181	6	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	181	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	181	8	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	181	9	member	member	NOUN
ar-22396	181	10	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	181	11	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	181	12	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	181	13	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	181	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	181	15	following	following	ADJ
ar-22396	181	16	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	181	17	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	181	18	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	19	no	no	DET
ar-22396	181	20	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	181	21	holiday	holiday	NOUN
ar-22396	181	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	23	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	181	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	181	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	27	no	no	DET
ar-22396	181	28	vacation	vacation	NOUN
ar-22396	181	29	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	181	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	31	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	181	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	181	33	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	35	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	181	36	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	181	37	payment	payment	NOUN
ar-22396	181	38	without	without	ADP
ar-22396	181	39	deductions	deduction	NOUN
ar-22396	181	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	41	10	10	NUM
ar-22396	181	42	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	181	43	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	181	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	182	1	figure	figure	VERB
ar-22396	182	2	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	182	3	reports	report	VERB
ar-22396	182	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	182	5	frequency	frequency	NOUN
ar-22396	182	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	182	7	percentage	percentage	NOUN
ar-22396	182	8	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	182	9	type	type	NOUN
ar-22396	182	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	182	11	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	182	12	standard	standard	ADJ
ar-22396	182	13	violation	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	182	14	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	182	15	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	182	16	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	182	17	had	have	AUX
ar-22396	182	18	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	182	19	such	such	ADJ
ar-22396	182	20	victimization	victimization	NOUN
ar-22396	182	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	183	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	183	2	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	183	3	incidents	incident	NOUN
ar-22396	183	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	183	5	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	183	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	183	7	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22396	183	8	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	183	9	standard	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	183	10	norms	norm	NOUN
ar-22396	183	11	speaks	speak	VERB
ar-22396	183	12	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	183	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	183	14	deficits	deficit	NOUN
ar-22396	183	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	183	16	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	183	17	quality	quality	NOUN
ar-22396	183	18	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	183	19	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	183	20	so	so	ADV
ar-22396	183	21	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	183	22	racialized	racialize	VERB
ar-22396	183	23	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	183	24	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	183	25	urban	urban	ADJ
ar-22396	183	26	centres	centre	NOUN
ar-22396	183	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	184	1	n=453	n=453	NUM
ar-22396	184	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	184	3	all	all	DET
ar-22396	184	4	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	184	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	184	6	150	150	NUM
ar-22396	184	7	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	184	8	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	184	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	184	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	184	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	184	12	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	184	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	184	14	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	184	15	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	184	16	an	an	DET
ar-22396	184	17	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	184	18	group	group	NOUN
ar-22396	184	19	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	184	20	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	184	21	faced	face	VERB
ar-22396	184	22	particular	particular	ADJ
ar-22396	184	23	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	184	24	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	184	25	integrating	integrate	VERB
ar-22396	184	26	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	184	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	184	28	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	184	29	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	184	30	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	184	31	been	be	AUX
ar-22396	184	32	the	the	DET
ar-22396	184	33	most	most	ADV
ar-22396	184	34	recently	recently	ADV
ar-22396	184	35	arrived	arrive	VERB
ar-22396	184	36	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	184	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	185	1	figure	figure	VERB
ar-22396	185	2	4	4	NUM
ar-22396	185	3	examines	examine	VERB
ar-22396	185	4	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	185	5	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	185	6	had	have	AUX
ar-22396	185	7	come	come	VERB
ar-22396	185	8	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	185	9	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	185	10	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	185	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	185	12	last	last	ADJ
ar-22396	185	13	five	five	NUM
ar-22396	185	14	years	year	NOUN
ar-22396	185	15	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	185	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	185	17	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	185	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	185	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	185	20	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	185	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	186	1	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	186	2	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	186	3	a	a	DET
ar-22396	186	4	group	group	NOUN
ar-22396	186	5	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	186	6	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	186	7	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	186	8	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	186	9	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	186	10	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	186	11	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	186	12	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	186	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	186	14	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	186	15	survey	survey	VERB
ar-22396	186	16	shows	show	VERB
ar-22396	186	17	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	186	18	a	a	DET
ar-22396	186	19	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	186	20	percentage	percentage	NOUN
ar-22396	186	21	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	186	22	them	they	PRON
ar-22396	186	23	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	186	24	not	not	PART
ar-22396	186	25	aware	aware	ADJ
ar-22396	186	26	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	186	27	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	186	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	186	29	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	186	30	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	186	31	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	186	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	187	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
ar-22396	187	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	187	3	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	187	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	187	5	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	187	6	large	large	ADJ
ar-22396	187	7	majority	majority	NOUN
ar-22396	187	8	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	187	9	aware	aware	ADJ
ar-22396	187	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	187	11	what	what	PRON
ar-22396	187	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	187	13	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ar-22396	187	14	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	187	15	rate	rate	NOUN
ar-22396	187	16	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	187	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	187	18	yet	yet	ADV
ar-22396	187	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	187	20	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22396	187	21	indicated	indicate	VERB
ar-22396	187	22	previously	previously	ADV
ar-22396	187	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	187	24	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	187	25	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	187	26	the	the	DET
ar-22396	187	27	most	most	ADV
ar-22396	187	28	common	common	ADJ
ar-22396	187	29	form	form	NOUN
ar-22396	187	30	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	187	31	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	187	32	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	187	33	abuse	abuse	NOUN
ar-22396	187	34	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	187	35	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	187	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	188	1	clearly	clearly	ADV
ar-22396	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	188	3	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	188	4	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	188	5	do	do	AUX
ar-22396	188	6	not	not	PART
ar-22396	188	7	feel	feel	VERB
ar-22396	188	8	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	188	9	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	188	10	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	188	11	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	188	12	a	a	DET
ar-22396	188	13	position	position	NOUN
ar-22396	188	14	to	to	PART
ar-22396	188	15	stand	stand	VERB
ar-22396	188	16	up	up	ADP
ar-22396	188	17	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	188	18	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	188	19	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	188	20	against	against	ADP
ar-22396	188	21	employer	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	188	22	abuses	abuse	NOUN
ar-22396	188	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	189	1	n=171	n=171	NUM
ar-22396	189	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	189	3	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	189	4	arrived	arrive	VERB
ar-22396	189	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	189	6	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	189	7	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	189	8	2007­2011	2007­2011	NUM
ar-22396	189	9	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	189	10	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	189	11	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	189	12	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	189	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	189	14	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	189	15	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	189	16	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	189	17	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	189	18	151	151	NUM
ar-22396	189	19	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	189	20	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	189	21	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	189	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	189	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	190	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	190	2	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	190	3	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	190	4	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	190	5	closely	closely	ADV
ar-22396	190	6	connected	connect	VERB
ar-22396	190	7	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	190	8	other	other	ADJ
ar-22396	190	9	parts	part	NOUN
ar-22396	190	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	190	11	society	society	NOUN
ar-22396	190	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	191	1	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	191	2	instance	instance	NOUN
ar-22396	191	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	191	4	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	191	5	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	191	6	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	191	7	negatively	negatively	ADV
ar-22396	191	8	affect	affect	VERB
ar-22396	191	9	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	191	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	191	11	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	191	12	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	191	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	192	1	this	this	DET
ar-22396	192	2	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	192	3	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	192	4	outlined	outline	VERB
ar-22396	192	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	192	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	192	7	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	192	8	determinants	determinant	NOUN
ar-22396	192	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	192	10	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	192	11	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ar-22396	192	12	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	192	13	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	192	14	widely	widely	ADV
ar-22396	192	15	used	use	VERB
ar-22396	192	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	192	17	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	192	18	circles	circle	NOUN
ar-22396	192	19	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	192	20	graham	graham	PROPN
ar-22396	192	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	192	22	2007	2007	NUM
ar-22396	192	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	192	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	193	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ar-22396	193	2	5	5	NUM
ar-22396	193	3	compares	compare	VERB
ar-22396	193	4	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	193	5	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	193	6	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	193	7	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	193	8	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	193	9	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	193	10	the	the	DET
ar-22396	193	11	general	general	ADJ
ar-22396	193	12	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	193	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	194	1	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	194	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
ar-22396	194	3	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	194	4	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	194	5	are	be	VERB
ar-22396	194	6	large	large	ADJ
ar-22396	194	7	differences	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	194	8	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	194	9	these	these	DET
ar-22396	194	10	populations	population	NOUN
ar-22396	194	11	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	194	12	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	194	13	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	194	14	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	194	15	fairing	fair	VERB
ar-22396	194	16	far	far	ADV
ar-22396	194	17	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	194	18	poorly	poorly	ADV
ar-22396	194	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	1	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	195	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	195	3	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	195	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	5	31	31	NUM
ar-22396	195	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	8	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	195	9	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	195	10	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	195	11	rated	rate	VERB
ar-22396	195	12	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	195	13	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	195	14	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	195	15	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	195	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	17	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	195	18	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	19	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	20	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	195	21	fair	fair	ADJ
ar-22396	195	22	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	23	28	28	NUM
ar-22396	195	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	26	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	195	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	195	28	rest	rest	NOUN
ar-22396	195	29	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	30	69	69	NUM
ar-22396	195	31	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	32	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	33	rated	rate	VERB
ar-22396	195	34	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	195	35	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	195	36	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	195	37	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	195	38	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	39	44	44	NUM
ar-22396	195	40	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	41	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	43	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	195	44	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	195	45	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	46	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	195	47	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	48	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	49	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	195	50	excellent	excellent	ADJ
ar-22396	195	51	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	52	6	6	NUM
ar-22396	195	53	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	195	54	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	195	55	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	196	1	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	196	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ar-22396	196	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	196	4	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	196	5	10	10	NUM
ar-22396	196	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	196	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	196	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	196	9	canada­wide	canada­wide	NOUN
ar-22396	196	10	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	196	11	rates	rate	VERB
ar-22396	196	12	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	196	13	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	196	14	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	196	15	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	196	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	196	17	62	62	NUM
ar-22396	196	18	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	196	19	as	as	ADV
ar-22396	196	20	excellent	excellent	ADJ
ar-22396	196	21	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	196	22	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	196	23	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	196	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	196	25	28	28	NUM
ar-22396	196	26	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	196	27	as	as	ADV
ar-22396	196	28	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	196	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	1	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	197	2	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	197	3	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	197	4	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	197	5	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	197	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	7	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	197	8	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	197	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	10	34	34	NUM
ar-22396	197	11	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	197	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	13	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	197	14	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	197	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	16	20	20	NUM
ar-22396	197	17	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	197	18	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	19	rated	rate	VERB
ar-22396	197	20	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	197	21	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	197	22	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	197	23	excellent	excellent	ADJ
ar-22396	197	24	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	197	25	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	197	26	good	good	ADJ
ar-22396	197	27	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	197	28	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	197	29	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	197	30	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	31	82	82	NUM
ar-22396	197	32	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	197	33	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	34	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	197	35	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	X
ar-22396	197	36	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	37	70	70	NUM
ar-22396	197	38	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	197	39	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	197	40	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	197	41	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	197	42	so	so	ADV
ar-22396	197	43	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	1	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	198	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	198	3	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	198	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	5	30	30	NUM
ar-22396	198	6	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	198	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	8	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	198	9	stress	stress	NOUN
ar-22396	198	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	11	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	198	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	198	13	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	198	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	15	19	19	NUM
ar-22396	198	16	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	198	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	18	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	198	19	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ar-22396	198	20	sleeping	sleep	VERB
ar-22396	198	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	198	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	198	23	12	12	NUM
ar-22396	198	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	198	25	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	198	26	depression	depression	NOUN
ar-22396	198	27	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	198	28	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	198	29	twice	twice	ADV
ar-22396	198	30	per	per	ADP
ar-22396	198	31	week	week	NOUN
ar-22396	198	32	over	over	ADP
ar-22396	198	33	the	the	DET
ar-22396	198	34	past	past	ADJ
ar-22396	198	35	month	month	NOUN
ar-22396	198	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	199	1	clearly	clearly	ADV
ar-22396	199	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	199	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	199	4	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	199	5	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	199	6	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	199	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	199	8	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	199	9	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	199	10	immigrant	immigrant	PROPN
ar-22396	199	11	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	199	12	compared	compare	VERB
ar-22396	199	13	negatively	negatively	ADV
ar-22396	199	14	along	along	ADP
ar-22396	199	15	a	a	DET
ar-22396	199	16	variety	variety	NOUN
ar-22396	199	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	199	18	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
ar-22396	199	19	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	199	20	the	the	DET
ar-22396	199	21	general	general	ADJ
ar-22396	199	22	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	199	23	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	199	24	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	200	1	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	200	2	determinant	determinant	ADJ
ar-22396	200	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	200	4	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	200	5	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ar-22396	200	6	relate	relate	VERB
ar-22396	200	7	these	these	DET
ar-22396	200	8	kinds	kind	NOUN
ar-22396	200	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	200	10	differences	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	200	11	directly	directly	ADV
ar-22396	200	12	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	200	13	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	200	14	working	working	NOUN
ar-22396	200	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	200	16	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	200	17	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	200	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	200	19	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	200	20	populations	population	NOUN
ar-22396	200	21	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	200	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	200	23	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	200	24	enclaves	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	200	25	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	200	26	graham	graham	PROPN
ar-22396	200	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	200	28	2007	2007	NUM
ar-22396	200	29	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	200	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	201	1	n=453	n=453	NUM
ar-22396	201	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	201	3	all	all	DET
ar-22396	201	4	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	201	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	201	6	152	152	NUM
ar-22396	201	7	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	201	8	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	201	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	201	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	201	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	201	12	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	201	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	201	14	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	201	15	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	201	16	problems	problem	NOUN
ar-22396	201	17	associated	associate	VERB
ar-22396	201	18	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	201	19	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	201	20	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	201	21	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	201	22	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	201	23	revealed	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	201	24	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	201	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	201	26	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	201	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	202	1	we	we	PRON
ar-22396	202	2	use	use	VERB
ar-22396	202	3	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	202	4	measure	measure	NOUN
ar-22396	202	5	here	here	ADV
ar-22396	202	6	related	relate	VERB
ar-22396	202	7	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	202	8	feelings	feeling	NOUN
ar-22396	202	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	202	10	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	202	11	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	202	12	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	202	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	202	14	respondent	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	202	15	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	202	16	sense	sense	NOUN
ar-22396	202	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	202	18	strong	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	202	19	attachment	attachment	NOUN
ar-22396	202	20	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	202	21	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	202	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	203	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	203	2	rather	rather	ADV
ar-22396	203	3	weak	weak	ADJ
ar-22396	203	4	sense	sense	NOUN
ar-22396	203	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	203	6	attachment	attachment	NOUN
ar-22396	203	7	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	203	8	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	203	9	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	203	10	telling	tell	VERB
ar-22396	203	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	204	1	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	204	2	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	204	3	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	204	4	third	third	ADJ
ar-22396	204	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	204	6	27	27	NUM
ar-22396	204	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	204	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	204	9	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	204	10	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	204	11	strongly	strongly	ADV
ar-22396	204	12	felt	feel	VERB
ar-22396	204	13	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	204	14	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	204	15	a	a	DET
ar-22396	204	16	part	part	NOUN
ar-22396	204	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	204	18	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	204	19	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	204	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	1	interestingly	interestingly	ADV
ar-22396	205	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	3	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	205	4	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	205	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	6	29	29	NUM
ar-22396	205	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	205	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	9	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	205	10	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	205	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	12	22	22	NUM
ar-22396	205	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	205	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	15	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	205	16	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	205	17	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	205	18	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	19	37	37	NUM
ar-22396	205	20	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	205	21	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	22	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	205	23	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	205	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	25	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	205	26	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	205	27	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	205	28	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	205	29	felt	feel	VERB
ar-22396	205	30	these	these	DET
ar-22396	205	31	strong	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	205	32	attachments	attachment	NOUN
ar-22396	205	33	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	205	34	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	205	35	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	205	36	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	206	1	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22396	206	2	revealed	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	206	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	206	4	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	206	5	findings	finding	NOUN
ar-22396	206	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	206	7	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	206	8	is	be	VERB
ar-22396	206	9	clearly	clearly	ADV
ar-22396	206	10	an	an	DET
ar-22396	206	11	inter­	inter­	NUM
ar-22396	206	12	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	206	13	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	206	14	play	play	NOUN
ar-22396	206	15	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	206	16	such	such	ADJ
ar-22396	206	17	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	206	18	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	206	19	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	206	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	206	21	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	206	22	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	206	23	race	race	NOUN
ar-22396	206	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	206	25	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	206	26	status	status	NOUN
ar-22396	206	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	206	28	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	206	29	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	207	1	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	207	2	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	207	3	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	207	4	required	require	VERB
ar-22396	207	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	207	6	researchers	researcher	NOUN
ar-22396	207	7	to	to	PART
ar-22396	207	8	untangle	untangle	VERB
ar-22396	207	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	207	10	nature	nature	NOUN
ar-22396	207	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	207	12	some	some	PRON
ar-22396	207	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	207	14	these	these	DET
ar-22396	207	15	differences	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	207	16	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	207	17	such	such	ADJ
ar-22396	207	18	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	207	19	enclave	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	207	20	populations	population	NOUN
ar-22396	207	21	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	207	22	what	what	PRON
ar-22396	207	23	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	207	24	clear	clear	ADJ
ar-22396	207	25	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	207	26	the	the	DET
ar-22396	207	27	results	result	NOUN
ar-22396	207	28	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	207	29	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	207	30	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	207	31	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	207	32	exists	exist	VERB
ar-22396	207	33	a	a	DET
ar-22396	207	34	measurable	measurable	ADJ
ar-22396	207	35	deficit	deficit	NOUN
ar-22396	207	36	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	207	37	feelings	feeling	NOUN
ar-22396	207	38	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	207	39	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	207	40	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	207	41	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	207	42	this	this	DET
ar-22396	207	43	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	207	44	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	207	45	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	208	1	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	208	2	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	208	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	208	4	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	208	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	208	6	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	208	7	encompasses	encompass	VERB
ar-22396	208	8	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	208	9	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	208	10	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	208	11	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	208	12	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	208	13	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	208	14	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	208	15	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	208	16	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	208	17	not	not	PART
ar-22396	208	18	well	well	ADV
ar-22396	208	19	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	208	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	208	21	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	208	22	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	208	23	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	208	24	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	208	25	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	208	26	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	208	27	self­	self­	NOUN
ar-22396	208	28	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	208	29	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	208	30	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	208	31	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	208	32	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	208	33	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	208	34	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	208	35	not	not	PART
ar-22396	208	36	get	get	VERB
ar-22396	208	37	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	208	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	208	39	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	208	40	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	208	41	only	only	ADJ
ar-22396	208	42	part­time	part­time	NOUN
ar-22396	208	43	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	208	44	casually	casually	ADV
ar-22396	208	45	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	208	46	desire	desire	VERB
ar-22396	208	47	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	208	48	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	208	49	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	208	50	those	those	DET
ar-22396	208	51	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	208	52	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	208	53	where	where	SCONJ
ar-22396	208	54	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	208	55	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	208	56	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	208	57	not	not	PART
ar-22396	208	58	met	meet	VERB
ar-22396	208	59	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	208	60	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	208	61	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	208	62	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	208	63	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	208	64	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	208	65	security	security	NOUN
ar-22396	208	66	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	1	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	209	2	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	209	3	are	be	VERB
ar-22396	209	4	various	various	ADJ
ar-22396	209	5	ways	way	NOUN
ar-22396	209	6	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	209	7	which	which	PRON
ar-22396	209	8	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	209	9	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	209	10	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	209	11	come	come	VERB
ar-22396	209	12	to	to	PART
ar-22396	209	13	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	209	14	operationalized	operationalize	VERB
ar-22396	209	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	16	see	see	INTJ
ar-22396	209	17	lewchuk	lewchuk	NOUN
ar-22396	209	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	19	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	209	20	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	209	21	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	209	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	23	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	209	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	25	we	we	PRON
ar-22396	209	26	considered	consider	VERB
ar-22396	209	27	the	the	DET
ar-22396	209	28	following	follow	VERB
ar-22396	209	29	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	209	30	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	209	31	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	209	32	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	209	33	to	to	PART
ar-22396	209	34	help	help	VERB
ar-22396	209	35	capture	capture	VERB
ar-22396	209	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	37	measure	measure	VERB
ar-22396	209	38	elements	element	NOUN
ar-22396	209	39	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	209	40	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	209	41	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	209	42	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	209	43	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	209	44	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	45	a.	a.	NOUN
ar-22396	209	46	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
ar-22396	209	47	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	209	48	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	49	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	209	50	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	209	51	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	209	52	full­time	full­time	NOUN
ar-22396	209	53	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	54	30	30	NUM
ar-22396	209	55	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	209	56	per	per	ADP
ar-22396	209	57	week	week	NOUN
ar-22396	209	58	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	59	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	209	60	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	61	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	62	earn	earn	VERB
ar-22396	209	63	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	209	64	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	209	65	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	209	66	30,000	30,000	NUM
ar-22396	209	67	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	209	68	the	the	DET
ar-22396	209	69	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	209	70	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	209	71	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	72	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	209	73	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	209	74	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	209	75	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	209	76	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	77	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	209	78	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	209	79	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	209	80	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	209	81	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	209	82	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	83	self­	self­	NOUN
ar-22396	209	84	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	209	85	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	86	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	209	87	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	209	88	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	89	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	90	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	209	91	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	209	92	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	93	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	209	94	not	not	PART
ar-22396	209	95	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	209	96	ends	end	NOUN
ar-22396	209	97	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	209	98	’	'	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	99	each	each	DET
ar-22396	209	100	month	month	NOUN
ar-22396	209	101	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	102	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	103	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	104	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22396	209	105	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	209	106	violations	violation	VERB
ar-22396	209	107	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	108	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	209	109	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	209	110	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	209	111	full­time	full­time	INTJ
ar-22396	209	112	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	113	where	where	SCONJ
ar-22396	209	114	at	at	ADV
ar-22396	209	115	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	209	116	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	209	117	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	209	118	standard	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	209	119	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	209	120	not	not	PART
ar-22396	209	121	being	be	AUX
ar-22396	209	122	met.9	met.9	VERB
ar-22396	209	123	the	the	DET
ar-22396	209	124	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	209	125	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	209	126	this	this	DET
ar-22396	209	127	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	209	128	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	209	129	enclave	enclave	PROPN
ar-22396	209	130	uncovered	uncover	VERB
ar-22396	209	131	evidence	evidence	NOUN
ar-22396	209	132	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	209	133	a	a	DET
ar-22396	209	134	large	large	ADJ
ar-22396	209	135	proportion	proportion	NOUN
ar-22396	209	136	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	209	137	this	this	DET
ar-22396	209	138	population	population	NOUN
ar-22396	209	139	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	209	140	struggling	struggle	VERB
ar-22396	209	141	to	to	PART
ar-22396	209	142	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	209	143	ends	end	NOUN
ar-22396	209	144	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	209	145	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	209	146	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	209	147	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	209	148	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	209	149	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	209	150	insecure	insecure	ADJ
ar-22396	209	151	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	209	152	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	210	1	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	210	2	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	210	3	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	210	4	full­time	full­time	PROPN
ar-22396	210	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	210	6	34	34	NUM
ar-22396	210	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	210	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	210	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	210	10	65	65	NUM
ar-22396	210	11	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	210	12	had	have	VERB
ar-22396	210	13	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	210	14	earnings	earning	NOUN
ar-22396	210	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	210	16	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	210	17	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	210	18	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	210	19	30,000	30,000	NUM
ar-22396	210	20	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	210	21	the	the	DET
ar-22396	210	22	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	210	23	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	210	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	210	25	32	32	NUM
ar-22396	210	26	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	210	27	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	210	28	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	210	29	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	210	30	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	210	31	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	210	32	standard	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	210	33	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	210	34	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	210	35	not	not	PART
ar-22396	210	36	met	meet	VERB
ar-22396	210	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	1	9	9	NUM
ar-22396	211	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	211	3	following	follow	VERB
ar-22396	211	4	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	211	5	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	211	6	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	211	7	measured	measure	VERB
ar-22396	211	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	211	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	211	10	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	211	11	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	12	minimum	minimum	ADJ
ar-22396	211	13	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	211	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	15	irregular	irregular	ADJ
ar-22396	211	16	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	211	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	18	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	211	19	payment	payment	NOUN
ar-22396	211	20	without	without	ADP
ar-22396	211	21	deductions	deduction	NOUN
ar-22396	211	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	23	irregular	irregular	ADJ
ar-22396	211	24	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	211	25	schedule	schedule	NOUN
ar-22396	211	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	27	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	211	28	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	211	29	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	211	30	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	211	31	hours	hour	NOUN
ar-22396	211	32	per	per	ADP
ar-22396	211	33	day	day	NOUN
ar-22396	211	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	35	no	no	DET
ar-22396	211	36	vacation	vacation	NOUN
ar-22396	211	37	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	211	38	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	39	no	no	DET
ar-22396	211	40	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	211	41	holidays	holiday	NOUN
ar-22396	211	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	211	43	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	211	44	poor	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	211	45	physical	physical	ADJ
ar-22396	211	46	working	working	NOUN
ar-22396	211	47	conditions	condition	NOUN
ar-22396	211	48	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	212	1	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	212	2	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	212	3	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	212	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	212	5	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	212	6	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	212	7	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	212	8	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	212	9	153	153	NUM
ar-22396	212	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	212	11	those	those	DET
ar-22396	212	12	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	212	13	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	212	14	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	212	15	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	212	16	either	either	CCONJ
ar-22396	212	17	self­employed	self­employe	VERB
ar-22396	212	18	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	212	19	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	212	20	cash	cash	NOUN
ar-22396	212	21	without	without	ADP
ar-22396	212	22	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	212	23	documentation	documentation	NOUN
ar-22396	212	24	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	212	25	26	26	NUM
ar-22396	212	26	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	212	27	said	say	VERB
ar-22396	212	28	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	212	29	could	could	AUX
ar-22396	212	30	not	not	PART
ar-22396	212	31	earn	earn	VERB
ar-22396	212	32	enough	enough	ADJ
ar-22396	212	33	to	to	PART
ar-22396	212	34	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	212	35	ends	end	NOUN
ar-22396	212	36	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	212	37	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	213	1	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	213	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	213	3	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	213	4	third	third	ADJ
ar-22396	213	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	213	6	33	33	NUM
ar-22396	213	7	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	213	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	213	9	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	213	10	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	213	11	surveyed	survey	VERB
ar-22396	213	12	fell	fall	VERB
ar-22396	213	13	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	213	14	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	213	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	213	16	these	these	DET
ar-22396	213	17	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	213	18	categories	category	NOUN
ar-22396	213	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	214	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	214	2	literature	literature	NOUN
ar-22396	214	3	would	would	AUX
ar-22396	214	4	suggest	suggest	VERB
ar-22396	214	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	214	6	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	214	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	214	8	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	214	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	214	10	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	214	11	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	214	12	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	214	13	related	relate	VERB
ar-22396	214	14	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	214	15	involvement	involvement	NOUN
ar-22396	214	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	214	17	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	214	18	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	214	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	215	1	taking	take	VERB
ar-22396	215	2	a	a	DET
ar-22396	215	3	look	look	NOUN
ar-22396	215	4	first	first	ADV
ar-22396	215	5	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	215	6	some	some	DET
ar-22396	215	7	basic	basic	ADJ
ar-22396	215	8	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	215	9	testing10	testing10	NOUN
ar-22396	215	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	215	11	a	a	DET
ar-22396	215	12	chi­square	chi­square	NOUN
ar-22396	215	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	215	14	suggests	suggest	VERB
ar-22396	215	15	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	215	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	215	17	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	215	18	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	215	19	may	may	AUX
ar-22396	215	20	play	play	VERB
ar-22396	215	21	a	a	DET
ar-22396	215	22	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	215	23	though	though	SCONJ
ar-22396	215	24	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	215	25	may	may	AUX
ar-22396	215	26	not	not	PART
ar-22396	215	27	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	215	28	a	a	DET
ar-22396	215	29	significant	significant	ADJ
ar-22396	215	30	factor	factor	NOUN
ar-22396	215	31	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	215	32	determining	determine	VERB
ar-22396	215	33	whether	whether	SCONJ
ar-22396	215	34	one	one	PRON
ar-22396	215	35	holds	hold	VERB
ar-22396	215	36	a	a	DET
ar-22396	215	37	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	215	38	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	215	39	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	215	40	though	though	SCONJ
ar-22396	215	41	the	the	DET
ar-22396	215	42	type	type	NOUN
ar-22396	215	43	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	215	44	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	215	45	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	215	46	done	do	VERB
ar-22396	215	47	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	215	48	impacted	impact	VERB
ar-22396	215	49	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	215	50	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	215	51	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	215	52	see	see	VERB
ar-22396	215	53	table	table	NOUN
ar-22396	215	54	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	215	55	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	215	56	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	215	57	refer	refer	VERB
ar-22396	215	58	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	215	59	the	the	DET
ar-22396	215	60	appendix	appendix	NOUN
ar-22396	215	61	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	215	62	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	216	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	216	2	fact	fact	NOUN
ar-22396	216	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	216	4	a	a	DET
ar-22396	216	5	recent	recent	ADJ
ar-22396	216	6	pepso	pepso	ADJ
ar-22396	216	7	study	study	NOUN
ar-22396	216	8	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	216	9	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	216	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	216	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	216	12	toronto­hamilton	toronto­hamilton	NOUN
ar-22396	216	13	region	region	NOUN
ar-22396	216	14	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	216	15	broadly	broadly	ADV
ar-22396	216	16	similar	similar	ADJ
ar-22396	216	17	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	216	18	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	216	19	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	216	20	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	216	21	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	216	22	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	216	23	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	216	24	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	216	25	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	216	26	lewchuk	lewchuk	NOUN
ar-22396	216	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	216	28	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	216	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	216	30	29­30	29­30	NOUN
ar-22396	216	31	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	216	32	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	217	1	an	an	DET
ar-22396	217	2	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	217	3	breakdown	breakdown	NOUN
ar-22396	217	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	217	5	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	217	6	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	217	7	found	find	VERB
ar-22396	217	8	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	217	9	eight	eight	NUM
ar-22396	217	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	217	11	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	217	12	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	217	13	78	78	NUM
ar-22396	217	14	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	217	15	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	217	16	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	PROPN
ar-22396	217	17	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	217	18	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	217	19	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	217	20	full­time	full­time	ADV
ar-22396	217	21	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	217	22	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	217	23	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	217	24	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	217	25	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	217	26	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	217	27	less	less	ADJ
ar-22396	217	28	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	217	29	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	217	30	30,000	30,000	NUM
ar-22396	217	31	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	217	32	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	217	33	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	217	34	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	217	35	the	the	DET
ar-22396	217	36	case	case	NOUN
ar-22396	217	37	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	217	38	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	217	39	half	half	NOUN
ar-22396	217	40	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	217	41	51	51	NUM
ar-22396	217	42	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	217	43	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	217	44	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	217	45	the	the	DET
ar-22396	217	46	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	217	47	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	217	48	surveyed	survey	VERB
ar-22396	217	49	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	218	1	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	218	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	218	3	full­time	full­time	ADV
ar-22396	218	4	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	218	5	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	218	6	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	218	7	appear	appear	VERB
ar-22396	218	8	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	218	9	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	218	10	to	to	PART
ar-22396	218	11	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	218	12	exploited	exploit	VERB
ar-22396	218	13	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	218	14	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	218	15	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	218	16	half	half	PRON
ar-22396	218	17	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	218	18	47	47	NUM
ar-22396	218	19	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	218	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	218	21	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	218	22	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	218	23	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	218	24	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	218	25	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	218	26	standard	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	218	27	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	218	28	not	not	PART
ar-22396	218	29	being	be	AUX
ar-22396	218	30	met	meet	VERB
ar-22396	218	31	while	while	SCONJ
ar-22396	218	32	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	218	33	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	218	34	the	the	DET
ar-22396	218	35	case	case	NOUN
ar-22396	218	36	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	218	37	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	218	38	21	21	NUM
ar-22396	218	39	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	218	40	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	218	41	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	218	42	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	218	43	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	219	1	each	each	DET
ar-22396	219	2	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	219	3	group	group	NOUN
ar-22396	219	4	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	219	5	about	about	ADV
ar-22396	219	6	as	as	ADV
ar-22396	219	7	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	219	8	to	to	PART
ar-22396	219	9	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	219	10	engaging	engage	VERB
ar-22396	219	11	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	219	12	any	any	DET
ar-22396	219	13	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	219	14	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	219	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	219	16	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	219	17	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	219	18	37	37	NUM
ar-22396	219	19	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	219	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	219	21	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	219	22	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	219	23	13	13	NUM
ar-22396	219	24	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	219	25	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	219	26	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	219	27	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	219	28	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	219	29	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	219	30	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	219	31	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	219	32	reported	report	VERB
ar-22396	219	33	having	have	VERB
ar-22396	219	34	a	a	DET
ar-22396	219	35	hard	hard	ADJ
ar-22396	219	36	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	219	37	making	make	VERB
ar-22396	219	38	ends	ends	AUX
ar-22396	219	39	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	219	40	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	1	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	220	2	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	220	3	an	an	DET
ar-22396	220	4	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22396	220	5	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	220	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	220	7	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	220	8	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	220	9	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	220	10	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	220	11	considerably	considerably	ADV
ar-22396	220	12	less	less	ADV
ar-22396	220	13	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	220	14	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	220	15	to	to	PART
ar-22396	220	16	do	do	VERB
ar-22396	220	17	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	220	18	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	220	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	20	to	to	PART
ar-22396	220	21	have	have	VERB
ar-22396	220	22	a	a	DET
ar-22396	220	23	hard	hard	ADJ
ar-22396	220	24	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	220	25	making	making	NOUN
ar-22396	220	26	ends	ends	AUX
ar-22396	220	27	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	220	28	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	29	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	220	30	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	220	31	vs.	vs.	ADP
ar-22396	220	32	49	49	NUM
ar-22396	220	33	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	220	34	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	220	37	to	to	PART
ar-22396	220	38	experience	experience	VERB
ar-22396	220	39	at	at	ADV
ar-22396	220	40	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	220	41	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	220	42	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	220	43	violation	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	220	44	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	220	45	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	220	46	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	220	47	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	220	48	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	49	15	15	NUM
ar-22396	220	50	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	220	51	vs.	vs.	ADP
ar-22396	220	52	43	43	NUM
ar-22396	220	53	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	220	54	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	220	55	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	220	56	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	220	57	who	who	PRON
ar-22396	220	58	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	220	59	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	220	60	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	220	61	a	a	DET
ar-22396	220	62	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	220	63	basis	basis	NOUN
ar-22396	220	64	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	221	1	there	there	PRON
ar-22396	221	2	does	do	AUX
ar-22396	221	3	not	not	PART
ar-22396	221	4	appear	appear	VERB
ar-22396	221	5	to	to	PART
ar-22396	221	6	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	221	7	a	a	DET
ar-22396	221	8	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ar-22396	221	9	difference	difference	NOUN
ar-22396	221	10	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	221	11	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	221	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	221	13	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	221	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	222	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	222	2	logistic	logistic	ADJ
ar-22396	222	3	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	222	4	sheds	shed	VERB
ar-22396	222	5	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	222	6	light	light	NOUN
ar-22396	222	7	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	222	8	these	these	DET
ar-22396	222	9	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	222	10	when	when	SCONJ
ar-22396	222	11	each	each	DET
ar-22396	222	12	independent	independent	ADJ
ar-22396	222	13	variable	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	222	14	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	222	15	controlled	control	VERB
ar-22396	222	16	for11	for11	PROPN
ar-22396	222	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	223	1	again	again	ADV
ar-22396	223	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	223	3	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	223	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	223	5	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	223	6	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	223	7	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	223	8	appear	appear	VERB
ar-22396	223	9	to	to	PART
ar-22396	223	10	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	223	11	driving	drive	VERB
ar-22396	223	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	223	13	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ar-22396	223	14	variable	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	223	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	223	16	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
ar-22396	223	17	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	223	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	223	19	involvement	involvement	NOUN
ar-22396	223	20	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	223	21	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	223	22	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	223	23	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	223	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	223	25	though	though	SCONJ
ar-22396	223	26	only	only	ADV
ar-22396	223	27	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	223	28	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	223	29	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	223	30	appears	appear	VERB
ar-22396	223	31	to	to	PART
ar-22396	223	32	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	223	33	driving	drive	VERB
ar-22396	223	34	the	the	DET
ar-22396	223	35	existence	existence	NOUN
ar-22396	223	36	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	223	37	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	223	38	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	223	39	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	223	40	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	223	41	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	223	42	full­time	full­time	ADJ
ar-22396	223	43	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	223	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	224	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	224	2	models	model	NOUN
ar-22396	224	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	224	4	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	224	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	224	6	once	once	ADV
ar-22396	224	7	again	again	ADV
ar-22396	224	8	do	do	AUX
ar-22396	224	9	not	not	PART
ar-22396	224	10	uncover	uncover	VERB
ar-22396	224	11	a	a	DET
ar-22396	224	12	significant	significant	ADJ
ar-22396	224	13	independent	independent	ADJ
ar-22396	224	14	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	224	15	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	224	16	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	224	17	regarding	regard	VERB
ar-22396	224	18	these	these	DET
ar-22396	224	19	relationships	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	224	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	225	1	this	this	DET
ar-22396	225	2	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
ar-22396	225	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	225	4	may	may	AUX
ar-22396	225	5	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	225	6	masking	mask	VERB
ar-22396	225	7	10	10	NUM
ar-22396	225	8	results	result	NOUN
ar-22396	225	9	presented	present	VERB
ar-22396	225	10	herein	herein	NOUN
ar-22396	225	11	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	225	12	statistically	statistically	ADV
ar-22396	225	13	significant	significant	ADJ
ar-22396	225	14	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	225	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	225	16	.05	.05	NUM
ar-22396	225	17	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	225	18	according	accord	VERB
ar-22396	225	19	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	225	20	chi­square	chi­square	VERB
ar-22396	225	21	independence	independence	NOUN
ar-22396	225	22	tests	test	NOUN
ar-22396	225	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	226	1	11	11	NUM
ar-22396	226	2	these	these	DET
ar-22396	226	3	findings	finding	NOUN
ar-22396	226	4	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	226	5	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	226	6	significant	significant	ADJ
ar-22396	226	7	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	226	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	226	9	.05	.05	NUM
ar-22396	226	10	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	226	11	according	accord	VERB
ar-22396	226	12	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	226	13	the	the	DET
ar-22396	226	14	multinomial	multinomial	ADJ
ar-22396	226	15	logistic	logistic	ADJ
ar-22396	226	16	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	226	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	227	1	154	154	NUM
ar-22396	227	2	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	227	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	227	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	227	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	227	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	227	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	227	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	227	9	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	227	10	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	227	11	an	an	DET
ar-22396	227	12	important	important	ADJ
ar-22396	227	13	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	227	14	played	play	VERB
ar-22396	227	15	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	227	16	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	227	17	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	227	18	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	227	19	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	227	20	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	227	21	the	the	DET
ar-22396	227	22	very	very	ADV
ar-22396	227	23	intersectionality	intersectionality	NOUN
ar-22396	227	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	227	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	227	26	interconnectedness	interconnectedness	NOUN
ar-22396	227	27	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	227	28	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	227	29	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	227	30	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	227	31	together	together	ADV
ar-22396	227	32	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	227	33	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	227	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	227	35	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	227	36	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	227	37	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	227	38	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	227	39	ability	ability	NOUN
ar-22396	227	40	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	227	41	suggests	suggest	VERB
ar-22396	227	42	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	227	43	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	227	44	not	not	PART
ar-22396	227	45	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	227	46	dismissed	dismiss	VERB
ar-22396	227	47	here	here	ADV
ar-22396	227	48	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	228	1	table	table	NOUN
ar-22396	228	2	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	228	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	228	4	logistic	logistic	ADJ
ar-22396	228	5	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	228	6	models	model	NOUN
ar-22396	228	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	228	8	sig	sig	X
ar-22396	228	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	229	1	values	value	NOUN
ar-22396	229	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	229	3	full	full	ADJ
ar-22396	229	4	results	result	NOUN
ar-22396	229	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	229	6	appendix	appendix	NOUN
ar-22396	229	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	229	8	clearly	clearly	ADV
ar-22396	229	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	229	10	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	229	11	background	background	NOUN
ar-22396	229	12	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	229	13	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	229	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	229	15	chinese	chinese	PROPN
ar-22396	229	16	versus	versus	ADP
ar-22396	229	17	bangladeshi12	bangladeshi12	PROPN
ar-22396	229	18	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	229	19	plays	play	VERB
ar-22396	229	20	a	a	DET
ar-22396	229	21	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	229	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	229	23	mediating	mediate	VERB
ar-22396	229	24	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	229	25	type	type	NOUN
ar-22396	229	26	held	hold	VERB
ar-22396	229	27	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	229	28	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	229	29	well­being	well­being	NOUN
ar-22396	229	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	230	1	further	far	ADV
ar-22396	230	2	targeted	target	VERB
ar-22396	230	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	230	4	in­depth	in­depth	PRON
ar-22396	230	5	research	research	NOUN
ar-22396	230	6	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	230	7	required	require	VERB
ar-22396	230	8	to	to	PART
ar-22396	230	9	uncover	uncover	VERB
ar-22396	230	10	the	the	DET
ar-22396	230	11	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
ar-22396	230	12	behind	behind	ADP
ar-22396	230	13	ethnically­distinct	ethnically­distinct	ADJ
ar-22396	230	14	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	230	15	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	230	16	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	230	17	this	this	PRON
ar-22396	230	18	should	should	AUX
ar-22396	230	19	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	230	20	the	the	DET
ar-22396	230	21	focus	focus	NOUN
ar-22396	230	22	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	230	23	future	future	ADJ
ar-22396	230	24	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22396	230	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	231	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	231	2	results	result	NOUN
ar-22396	231	3	point	point	VERB
ar-22396	231	4	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	231	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	231	6	fact	fact	NOUN
ar-22396	231	7	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	231	8	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	231	9	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
ar-22396	231	10	racialization	racialization	NOUN
ar-22396	231	11	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	231	12	experienced	experience	VERB
ar-22396	231	13	differently	differently	ADV
ar-22396	231	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	231	15	unevenly	unevenly	ADV
ar-22396	231	16	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	231	17	various	various	ADJ
ar-22396	231	18	segments	segment	NOUN
ar-22396	231	19	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	231	20	society	society	NOUN
ar-22396	231	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	232	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	232	2	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	232	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	232	4	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	232	5	proficiency	proficiency	NOUN
ar-22396	232	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	232	7	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	232	8	contrast	contrast	NOUN
ar-22396	232	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	232	10	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	232	11	easier	easy	ADJ
ar-22396	232	12	to	to	PART
ar-22396	232	13	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	232	14	sense	sense	NOUN
ar-22396	232	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	232	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	1	clearly	clearly	ADV
ar-22396	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	3	poorer	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	233	4	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	233	5	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	233	6	translates	translate	VERB
ar-22396	233	7	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	233	8	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22396	233	9	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	233	10	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	233	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	233	12	a	a	DET
ar-22396	233	13	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	233	14	incidence	incidence	NOUN
ar-22396	233	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	233	16	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	233	17	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	233	18	abuses	abuse	NOUN
ar-22396	233	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	20	like	like	ADP
ar-22396	233	21	employer	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	233	22	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	233	23	theft	theft	NOUN
ar-22396	233	24	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	25	milkman	milkman	PROPN
ar-22396	233	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	27	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	233	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	29	165	165	NUM
ar-22396	233	30	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	233	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	234	1	some	some	DET
ar-22396	234	2	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	234	3	exploit	exploit	VERB
ar-22396	234	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	234	5	lack	lack	NOUN
ar-22396	234	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	234	7	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	234	8	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	234	9	strength	strength	NOUN
ar-22396	234	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	234	11	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	234	12	populations	population	NOUN
ar-22396	234	13	to	to	PART
ar-22396	234	14	break	break	VERB
ar-22396	234	15	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	234	16	rules	rule	NOUN
ar-22396	234	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	234	18	confident	confident	ADJ
ar-22396	234	19	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	234	20	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	234	21	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	234	22	either	either	ADV
ar-22396	234	23	unaware	unaware	ADJ
ar-22396	234	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	234	25	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	234	26	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	234	27	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	234	28	too	too	ADV
ar-22396	234	29	afraid	afraid	ADJ
ar-22396	234	30	to	to	PART
ar-22396	234	31	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	234	32	employers	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	234	33	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	234	34	authorities	authority	NOUN
ar-22396	234	35	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	234	36	kerwin	kerwin	PROPN
ar-22396	234	37	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	234	38	mccabe	mccabe	PROPN
ar-22396	234	39	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	234	40	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	234	41	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	234	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	235	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
ar-22396	235	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	235	3	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	235	4	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	235	5	reveal	reveal	VERB
ar-22396	235	6	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	235	7	six	six	NUM
ar-22396	235	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	235	9	12	12	NUM
ar-22396	235	10	the	the	DET
ar-22396	235	11	somali	somali	ADJ
ar-22396	235	12	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	235	13	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	235	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	235	15	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	235	16	was	be	AUX
ar-22396	235	17	not	not	PART
ar-22396	235	18	large	large	ADJ
ar-22396	235	19	enough	enough	ADV
ar-22396	235	20	to	to	PART
ar-22396	235	21	derive	derive	VERB
ar-22396	235	22	a	a	DET
ar-22396	235	23	statistically	statistically	ADV
ar-22396	235	24	significant	significant	ADJ
ar-22396	235	25	reading	reading	NOUN
ar-22396	235	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	236	1	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	236	2	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	236	3	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	236	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	236	5	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	236	6	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	236	7	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	236	8	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	236	9	155	155	NUM
ar-22396	236	10	ten	ten	NUM
ar-22396	236	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	236	12	59	59	NUM
ar-22396	236	13	%	%	NOUN
ar-22396	236	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	236	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	236	16	respondents	respondent	NOUN
ar-22396	236	17	believed	believe	VERB
ar-22396	236	18	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	236	19	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	236	20	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	236	21	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	236	22	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	236	23	future	future	ADJ
ar-22396	236	24	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	236	25	would	would	AUX
ar-22396	236	26	be	be	AUX
ar-22396	236	27	negatively	negatively	ADV
ar-22396	236	28	affected	affect	VERB
ar-22396	236	29	if	if	SCONJ
ar-22396	236	30	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	236	31	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	236	32	to	to	PART
ar-22396	236	33	raise	raise	VERB
ar-22396	236	34	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	236	35	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	236	36	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	236	37	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	236	38	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	236	39	safety	safety	NOUN
ar-22396	236	40	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22396	236	41	concerns	concern	NOUN
ar-22396	236	42	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	236	43	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	236	44	current	current	ADJ
ar-22396	236	45	employer	employer	NOUN
ar-22396	236	46	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	237	1	problems	problem	NOUN
ar-22396	237	2	communicating	communicate	VERB
ar-22396	237	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	237	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	237	5	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	237	6	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	237	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	237	8	english	english	PROPN
ar-22396	237	9	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	237	10	push	push	VERB
ar-22396	237	11	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	237	12	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	237	13	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	237	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	237	15	the	the	DET
ar-22396	237	16	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	237	17	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	237	18	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	237	19	into	into	ADP
ar-22396	237	20	the	the	DET
ar-22396	237	21	shadow	shadow	NOUN
ar-22396	237	22	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	237	23	where	where	SCONJ
ar-22396	237	24	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	237	25	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	237	26	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	237	27	greater	great	ADJ
ar-22396	237	28	danger	danger	NOUN
ar-22396	237	29	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	237	30	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN
ar-22396	237	31	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	237	32	akter	akter	NOUN
ar-22396	237	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	237	34	et	et	PROPN
ar-22396	237	35	al	al	PROPN
ar-22396	237	36	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	237	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	237	38	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	237	39	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	237	40	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	238	1	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	238	2	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	238	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	238	4	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	238	5	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	238	6	both	both	ADV
ar-22396	238	7	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	238	8	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	238	9	our	our	PRON
ar-22396	238	10	sample	sample	NOUN
ar-22396	238	11	points	point	VERB
ar-22396	238	12	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	238	13	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	238	14	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	238	15	having	have	VERB
ar-22396	238	16	overall	overall	ADV
ar-22396	238	17	weaker	weak	ADJ
ar-22396	238	18	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	238	19	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	238	20	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	238	21	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	238	22	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	238	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	238	24	heightening	heighten	VERB
ar-22396	238	25	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	238	26	risk	risk	NOUN
ar-22396	238	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	239	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	239	2	need	need	NOUN
ar-22396	239	3	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	239	4	stronger	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	239	5	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	239	6	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	239	7	legislation	legislation	NOUN
ar-22396	239	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	239	9	accompanied	accompany	VERB
ar-22396	239	10	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	239	11	strong	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	239	12	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
ar-22396	239	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	239	14	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	239	15	among	among	ADP
ar-22396	239	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	239	17	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	239	18	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	239	19	implications	implication	NOUN
ar-22396	239	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	239	21	these	these	DET
ar-22396	239	22	findings	finding	NOUN
ar-22396	239	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	239	24	as	as	SCONJ
ar-22396	239	25	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	239	26	the	the	DET
ar-22396	239	27	need	need	NOUN
ar-22396	239	28	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	239	29	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	239	30	investment	investment	NOUN
ar-22396	239	31	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	239	32	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	239	33	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	239	34	training	training	NOUN
ar-22396	239	35	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	239	36	targeted	target	VERB
ar-22396	239	37	programs	program	NOUN
ar-22396	239	38	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	239	39	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	239	40	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	240	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ar-22396	240	2	this	this	DET
ar-22396	240	3	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22396	240	4	provided	provide	VERB
ar-22396	240	5	an	an	DET
ar-22396	240	6	analytical	analytical	ADJ
ar-22396	240	7	perspective	perspective	NOUN
ar-22396	240	8	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	240	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	240	10	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	240	11	experiences	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	240	12	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	240	13	ethnically	ethnically	ADV
ar-22396	240	14	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	240	15	racially	racially	ADV
ar-22396	240	16	identifiable	identifiable	ADJ
ar-22396	240	17	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	240	18	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	240	19	urban	urban	ADJ
ar-22396	240	20	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	240	21	cities	city	NOUN
ar-22396	240	22	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	240	23	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	240	24	approaches	approach	NOUN
ar-22396	240	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	241	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	2	first	first	ADJ
ar-22396	241	3	approach	approach	NOUN
ar-22396	241	4	provided	provide	VERB
ar-22396	241	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	241	6	critical	critical	ADJ
ar-22396	241	7	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ar-22396	241	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	241	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	10	relevant	relevant	ADJ
ar-22396	241	11	literature	literature	NOUN
ar-22396	241	12	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	241	13	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
ar-22396	241	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	15	nature	nature	NOUN
ar-22396	241	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	241	17	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	18	informalize	informalize	NOUN
ar-22396	241	19	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	241	20	generally	generally	ADV
ar-22396	241	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	241	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	23	role	role	NOUN
ar-22396	241	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	241	25	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	241	26	within	within	ADP
ar-22396	241	27	that	that	DET
ar-22396	241	28	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
ar-22396	241	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	241	30	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	241	31	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	32	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	241	33	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	241	34	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	241	35	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	241	36	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	241	37	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	241	38	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	39	increasing	increase	VERB
ar-22396	241	40	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	241	41	found	find	VERB
ar-22396	241	42	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	241	43	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	241	44	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	241	45	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	241	46	today	today	NOUN
ar-22396	241	47	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	241	48	around	around	ADP
ar-22396	241	49	the	the	DET
ar-22396	241	50	world	world	NOUN
ar-22396	241	51	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	242	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	242	2	second	second	ADJ
ar-22396	242	3	approach	approach	NOUN
ar-22396	242	4	leveraged	leverage	VERB
ar-22396	242	5	empirical	empirical	ADJ
ar-22396	242	6	findings	finding	NOUN
ar-22396	242	7	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	242	8	a	a	DET
ar-22396	242	9	unique	unique	ADJ
ar-22396	242	10	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	242	11	conducted	conduct	VERB
ar-22396	242	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	242	13	three	three	NUM
ar-22396	242	14	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
ar-22396	242	15	enclaves	enclave	NOUN
ar-22396	242	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	242	17	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	242	18	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	242	19	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	242	20	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	NOUN
ar-22396	242	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	242	22	chinese	chinese	PROPN
ar-22396	242	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	242	24	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	242	25	somali	somali	ADJ
ar-22396	242	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	243	1	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	243	2	has	have	AUX
ar-22396	243	3	found	find	VERB
ar-22396	243	4	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	243	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	243	6	drastic	drastic	ADJ
ar-22396	243	7	increase	increase	NOUN
ar-22396	243	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	243	9	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	243	10	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	243	11	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	243	12	poorly	poorly	ADV
ar-22396	243	13	paid	pay	VERB
ar-22396	243	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	243	15	insecure	insecure	ADJ
ar-22396	243	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	243	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	243	18	lacking	lack	VERB
ar-22396	243	19	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	243	20	employee	employee	NOUN
ar-22396	243	21	protections	protection	NOUN
ar-22396	243	22	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	243	23	correlates	correlate	VERB
ar-22396	243	24	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	243	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	243	26	rise	rise	NOUN
ar-22396	243	27	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	243	28	dependence	dependence	NOUN
ar-22396	243	29	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	243	30	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	243	31	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	243	32	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	243	33	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	243	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	243	35	a	a	DET
ar-22396	243	36	scenario	scenario	NOUN
ar-22396	243	37	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
ar-22396	243	38	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	243	39	prevailing	prevail	VERB
ar-22396	243	40	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	243	41	ideologies	ideology	NOUN
ar-22396	243	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	244	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	244	2	literature	literature	NOUN
ar-22396	244	3	pointed	point	VERB
ar-22396	244	4	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	244	5	a	a	DET
ar-22396	244	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	244	7	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	244	8	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	244	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	244	10	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	244	11	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	244	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	244	13	finding	find	VERB
ar-22396	244	14	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	244	15	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	244	16	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	244	17	particularly	particularly	ADV
ar-22396	244	18	burdened	burden	VERB
ar-22396	244	19	by	by	ADP
ar-22396	244	20	an	an	DET
ar-22396	244	21	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
ar-22396	244	22	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	244	23	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	244	24	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	244	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	245	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	245	2	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	245	3	presented	present	VERB
ar-22396	245	4	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	245	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	245	6	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	245	7	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	245	8	immigrant	immigrant	PROPN
ar-22396	245	9	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	245	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	245	11	however	however	ADV
ar-22396	245	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	245	13	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	245	14	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
ar-22396	245	15	a	a	DET
ar-22396	245	16	strong	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	245	17	correlation	correlation	NOUN
ar-22396	245	18	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	245	19	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	245	20	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	245	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	245	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	245	23	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	245	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	245	25	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	245	26	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	245	27	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	245	28	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	245	29	level	level	NOUN
ar-22396	245	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	246	1	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	246	2	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	246	3	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	246	4	faring	fare	VERB
ar-22396	246	5	better	well	ADV
ar-22396	246	6	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	246	7	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	246	8	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	246	9	counterparts	counterpart	NOUN
ar-22396	246	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	247	1	strong	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	247	2	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	247	3	speakers	speaker	NOUN
ar-22396	247	4	fare	fare	VERB
ar-22396	247	5	better	well	ADV
ar-22396	247	6	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	247	7	those	those	PRON
ar-22396	247	8	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	247	9	poorer	poor	ADJ
ar-22396	247	10	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	247	11	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	247	12	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	247	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	248	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	248	2	two	two	NUM
ar-22396	248	3	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	248	4	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	248	5	linked	link	VERB
ar-22396	248	6	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	248	7	many	many	ADJ
ar-22396	248	8	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	248	9	bangladeshi	bangladeshi	ADJ
ar-22396	248	10	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	248	11	arrived	arrive	VERB
ar-22396	248	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	248	13	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	248	14	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	248	15	stronger	strong	ADJ
ar-22396	248	16	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	248	17	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	248	18	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	248	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	248	20	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ar-22396	248	21	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	248	22	surveyed	survey	VERB
ar-22396	248	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	249	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
ar-22396	249	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	249	3	though	though	SCONJ
ar-22396	249	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	249	5	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	249	6	did	do	AUX
ar-22396	249	7	not	not	PART
ar-22396	249	8	show	show	VERB
ar-22396	249	9	this	this	DET
ar-22396	249	10	driver	driver	NOUN
ar-22396	249	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	249	12	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	249	13	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	249	14	strongly	strongly	ADV
ar-22396	249	15	linked	link	VERB
ar-22396	249	16	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	249	17	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	249	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	249	19	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	249	20	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	249	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	250	1	these	these	DET
ar-22396	250	2	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	250	3	intersect	intersect	VERB
ar-22396	250	4	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	250	5	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	250	6	were	be	AUX
ar-22396	250	7	much	much	ADV
ar-22396	250	8	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	250	9	likely	likely	ADJ
ar-22396	250	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	250	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	250	12	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	250	13	to	to	PART
ar-22396	250	14	indicate	indicate	VERB
ar-22396	250	15	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	250	16	had	have	AUX
ar-22396	250	17	advanced	advanced	ADJ
ar-22396	250	18	or	or	CCONJ
ar-22396	250	19	high	high	ADJ
ar-22396	250	20	intermediate	intermediate	ADJ
ar-22396	250	21	english	english	ADJ
ar-22396	250	22	skills	skill	NOUN
ar-22396	250	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	250	24	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	250	25	example	example	NOUN
ar-22396	250	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	251	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
ar-22396	251	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	251	3	given	give	VERB
ar-22396	251	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	251	5	political	political	ADJ
ar-22396	251	6	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	251	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	251	8	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	251	9	156	156	NUM
ar-22396	251	10	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	251	11	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	251	12	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	251	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	251	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	251	15	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	251	16	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	251	17	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	251	18	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	251	19	selection	selection	NOUN
ar-22396	251	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	251	21	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	251	22	the	the	DET
ar-22396	251	23	structure	structure	NOUN
ar-22396	251	24	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	251	25	the	the	DET
ar-22396	251	26	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	251	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	251	28	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	251	29	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	251	30	at	at	ADP
ar-22396	251	31	a	a	DET
ar-22396	251	32	distinct	distinct	ADJ
ar-22396	251	33	disadvantage	disadvantage	NOUN
ar-22396	251	34	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	251	35	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	251	36	connected	connect	VERB
ar-22396	251	37	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	251	38	the	the	DET
ar-22396	251	39	intersection	intersection	NOUN
ar-22396	251	40	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	251	41	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	251	42	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	251	43	language	language	NOUN
ar-22396	251	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	251	45	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	251	46	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
ar-22396	251	47	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	252	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	252	2	study	study	NOUN
ar-22396	252	3	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	252	4	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
ar-22396	252	5	that	that	SCONJ
ar-22396	252	6	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	252	7	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	252	8	experiencing	experience	VERB
ar-22396	252	9	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	252	10	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	252	11	differently	differently	ADV
ar-22396	252	12	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	252	13	men	man	NOUN
ar-22396	252	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	252	15	largely	largely	ADV
ar-22396	252	16	because	because	SCONJ
ar-22396	252	17	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	252	18	are	be	AUX
ar-22396	252	19	employed	employ	VERB
ar-22396	252	20	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	252	21	different	different	ADJ
ar-22396	252	22	types	type	NOUN
ar-22396	252	23	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	252	24	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	252	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	253	1	they	they	PRON
ar-22396	253	2	also	also	ADV
ar-22396	253	3	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	253	4	higher	high	ADJ
ar-22396	253	5	levels	level	NOUN
ar-22396	253	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	253	7	experience	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	253	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	253	9	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
ar-22396	253	10	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	253	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	253	12	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	253	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	253	14	report	report	VERB
ar-22396	253	15	worse	bad	ADJ
ar-22396	253	16	health	health	NOUN
ar-22396	253	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	253	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	254	1	given	give	VERB
ar-22396	254	2	these	these	DET
ar-22396	254	3	results	result	NOUN
ar-22396	254	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	254	5	further	far	ADV
ar-22396	254	6	in­depth	in­depth	PRON
ar-22396	254	7	study	study	NOUN
ar-22396	254	8	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	254	9	needed	need	VERB
ar-22396	254	10	to	to	PART
ar-22396	254	11	more	more	ADV
ar-22396	254	12	clearly	clearly	ADV
ar-22396	254	13	see	see	VERB
ar-22396	254	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	254	15	full	full	ADJ
ar-22396	254	16	picture	picture	NOUN
ar-22396	254	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	254	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	254	19	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN
ar-22396	254	20	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	254	21	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	254	22	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	254	23	the	the	DET
ar-22396	254	24	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	254	25	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	254	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	255	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	255	2	intersectionality	intersectionality	NOUN
ar-22396	255	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	255	4	these	these	DET
ar-22396	255	5	variables	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	255	6	is	be	AUX
ar-22396	255	7	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ar-22396	255	8	to	to	PART
ar-22396	255	9	tease	tease	VERB
ar-22396	255	10	out	out	ADP
ar-22396	255	11	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	255	12	the	the	DET
ar-22396	255	13	literature	literature	NOUN
ar-22396	255	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	255	15	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	255	16	point	point	NOUN
ar-22396	255	17	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	255	18	a	a	DET
ar-22396	255	19	troublesome	troublesome	ADJ
ar-22396	255	20	experience	experience	NOUN
ar-22396	255	21	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	255	22	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	255	23	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	255	24	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	255	25	merits	merit	VERB
ar-22396	255	26	targeted	target	VERB
ar-22396	255	27	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	255	28	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	255	29	attention	attention	NOUN
ar-22396	255	30	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	1	appendix	appendix	NOUN
ar-22396	256	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	3	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	256	4	tables	table	NOUN
ar-22396	256	5	table	table	NOUN
ar-22396	256	6	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	256	7	logistic	logistic	ADJ
ar-22396	256	8	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	256	9	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	10	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ar-22396	256	11	variable	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	256	12	=	=	SYM
ar-22396	256	13	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
ar-22396	256	14	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	256	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	16	works	work	VERB
ar-22396	256	17	full	full	ADJ
ar-22396	256	18	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	19	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	256	20	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	256	21	hh	hh	PROPN
ar-22396	256	22	earns	earn	VERB
ar-22396	256	23	<	<	X
ar-22396	256	24	$	$	SYM
ar-22396	256	25	30k	30k	NUM
ar-22396	256	26	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	256	27	yr	yr	NOUN
ar-22396	256	28	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	29	table	table	NOUN
ar-22396	256	30	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	256	31	logistic	logistic	ADJ
ar-22396	256	32	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	256	33	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	34	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ar-22396	256	35	variable	variable	ADJ
ar-22396	256	36	=	=	SYM
ar-22396	256	37	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	256	38	violations	violation	NOUN
ar-22396	256	39	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	40	work	work	VERB
ar-22396	256	41	full	full	ADJ
ar-22396	256	42	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	43	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	256	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	45	at	at	ADV
ar-22396	256	46	least	least	ADV
ar-22396	256	47	one	one	NUM
ar-22396	256	48	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	256	49	standard	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	256	50	not	not	PART
ar-22396	256	51	met	meet	VERB
ar-22396	256	52	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	53	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	256	54	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	256	55	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	256	56	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	256	57	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	256	58	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	256	59	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	256	60	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	256	61	157	157	NUM
ar-22396	256	62	references	reference	NOUN
ar-22396	256	63	akter	akter	NOUN
ar-22396	256	64	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	65	n.	n.	NOUN
ar-22396	256	66	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	67	topkara­sarsu	topkara­sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	256	68	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	69	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	256	70	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	71	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	256	72	dyson	dyson	PROPN
ar-22396	256	73	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	74	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22396	256	75	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	76	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	256	77	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	78	october	october	PROPN
ar-22396	256	79	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	256	80	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	257	1	shadow	shadow	NOUN
ar-22396	257	2	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	257	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	257	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	257	5	survival	survival	NOUN
ar-22396	257	6	strategies	strategy	NOUN
ar-22396	257	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	257	8	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	257	9	immigrant	immigrant	PROPN
ar-22396	257	10	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	257	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	258	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	258	2	east	east	PROPN
ar-22396	258	3	local	local	PROPN
ar-22396	258	4	immigration	immigration	PROPN
ar-22396	258	5	partnership	partnership	PROPN
ar-22396	258	6	workgroup	workgroup	PROPN
ar-22396	258	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	259	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	259	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	259	3	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	259	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	259	5	wellesley	wellesley	PROPN
ar-22396	259	6	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22396	259	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	260	1	www.wellesleyinstitute.com/wp­content/uploads/2013/10/shadow­	www.wellesleyinstitute.com/wp­content/uploads/2013/10/shadow­	ADP
ar-22396	260	2	economies­final.pdf	economies­final.pdf	ADJ
ar-22396	260	3	barrass	barrass	NOUN
ar-22396	260	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	260	5	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	260	6	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	260	7	shields	shields	PROPN
ar-22396	260	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	260	9	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	260	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	260	11	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	260	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	260	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	2	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	261	3	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	261	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	261	5	an	an	DET
ar-22396	261	6	age	age	NOUN
ar-22396	261	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	261	8	crisis	crisis	NOUN
ar-22396	261	9	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	261	10	austerity	austerity	NOUN
ar-22396	261	11	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	12	politics	politic	NOUN
ar-22396	261	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	261	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	261	15	neoliberalization	neoliberalization	NOUN
ar-22396	261	16	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	261	17	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	261	18	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	261	19	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	21	international	international	ADJ
ar-22396	261	22	conference	conference	NOUN
ar-22396	261	23	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	261	24	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	261	25	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	261	26	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	261	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	28	catholic	catholic	PROPN
ar-22396	261	29	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	261	30	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	261	31	sacro	sacro	PROPN
ar-22396	261	32	cuore	cuore	PROPN
ar-22396	261	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	34	milan	milan	PROPN
ar-22396	261	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	261	36	italy	italy	PROPN
ar-22396	261	37	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	261	38	july	july	PROPN
ar-22396	261	39	­	­	PROPN
ar-22396	261	40	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	261	41	july	july	PROPN
ar-22396	261	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	262	1	campbell	campbell	PROPN
ar-22396	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	262	3	i.	i.	PROPN
ar-22396	262	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	262	5	1996	1996	NUM
ar-22396	262	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	262	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	263	1	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	263	2	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22396	263	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	263	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	263	5	end	end	NOUN
ar-22396	263	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	263	7	standard	standard	ADJ
ar-22396	263	8	working­time	working­time	NOUN
ar-22396	263	9	?	?	PUNCT
ar-22396	264	1	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	264	2	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	264	3	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	264	4	arrangements	arrangement	NOUN
ar-22396	264	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	264	6	trade	trade	NOUN
ar-22396	264	7	unionism	unionism	NOUN
ar-22396	264	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	264	9	a	a	DET
ar-22396	264	10	time	time	NOUN
ar-22396	264	11	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	264	12	transition	transition	NOUN
ar-22396	264	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	265	1	national	national	ADJ
ar-22396	265	2	key	key	ADJ
ar-22396	265	3	centre	centre	NOUN
ar-22396	265	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	265	5	industrial	industrial	ADJ
ar-22396	265	6	relations	relation	NOUN
ar-22396	265	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	266	1	melbourne	melbourne	PROPN
ar-22396	266	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	266	3	au	au	ADP
ar-22396	266	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	266	5	monash	monash	PROPN
ar-22396	266	6	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	266	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	267	1	castles	castle	NOUN
ar-22396	267	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	267	3	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	267	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	267	5	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	267	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	267	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	268	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	268	2	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	268	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	268	4	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	268	5	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	268	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	268	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	268	8	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	268	9	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	268	10	historical	historical	ADJ
ar-22396	268	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	268	12	current	current	ADJ
ar-22396	268	13	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
ar-22396	268	14	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	268	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	269	2	schierup	schierup	PROPN
ar-22396	269	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	4	c.u	c.u	PROPN
ar-22396	269	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	269	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	7	munck	munck	PROPN
ar-22396	269	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	9	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22396	269	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	11	likićbrborić	likićbrborić	PROPN
ar-22396	269	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	13	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	269	14	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	269	15	neergaard	neergaard	PROPN
ar-22396	269	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	17	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	269	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	19	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	20	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	269	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	22	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	24	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	269	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	26	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	269	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	28	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	269	29	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	269	30	governance	governance	NOUN
ar-22396	269	31	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	269	33	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	269	34	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22396	269	35	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	269	36	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	269	37	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	38	pp	pp	ADJ
ar-22396	269	39	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	40	46	46	NUM
ar-22396	269	41	-	-	SYM
ar-22396	269	42	67	67	NUM
ar-22396	269	43	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	269	44	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	270	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
ar-22396	270	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	270	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ar-22396	270	4	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	270	5	press	press	NOUN
ar-22396	270	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	271	1	hiebert	hiebert	PROPN
ar-22396	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	271	3	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22396	271	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	271	5	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22396	271	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	271	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	272	1	winning	win	VERB
ar-22396	272	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	272	3	losing	losing	NOUN
ar-22396	272	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	272	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	272	6	still	still	ADV
ar-22396	272	7	playing	play	VERB
ar-22396	272	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	272	9	game	game	NOUN
ar-22396	272	10	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	272	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	272	12	political	political	ADJ
ar-22396	272	13	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	272	14	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	272	15	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	272	16	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	272	17	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	272	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	273	1	tijdschrift	tijdschrift	PROPN
ar-22396	273	2	voor	voor	PROPN
ar-22396	273	3	economische	economische	PROPN
ar-22396	273	4	en	en	PROPN
ar-22396	273	5	sociale	sociale	PROPN
ar-22396	273	6	geografie	geografie	PROPN
ar-22396	273	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	273	8	97(1	97(1	NOUN
ar-22396	273	9	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	273	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	273	11	38	38	NUM
ar-22396	273	12	-	-	SYM
ar-22396	273	13	48	48	NUM
ar-22396	273	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	274	1	table	table	NOUN
ar-22396	274	2	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	274	3	logistic	logistic	ADJ
ar-22396	274	4	regression	regression	NOUN
ar-22396	274	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	274	6	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ar-22396	274	7	variable	variable	NOUN
ar-22396	274	8	=	=	SYM
ar-22396	274	9	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	274	10	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	274	11	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	274	12	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	274	13	works	work	VERB
ar-22396	274	14	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	274	15	job	job	NOUN
ar-22396	274	16	but	but	CCONJ
ar-22396	274	17	can	can	AUX
ar-22396	274	18	not	not	PART
ar-22396	274	19	make	make	VERB
ar-22396	274	20	ends	end	NOUN
ar-22396	274	21	meet	meet	VERB
ar-22396	274	22	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	274	23	158	158	NUM
ar-22396	275	1	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	275	2	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	275	3	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	275	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	275	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	275	6	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	275	7	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	275	8	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	275	9	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	275	10	henry	henry	PROPN
ar-22396	275	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	275	12	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	275	13	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	275	14	sills	sill	NOUN
ar-22396	275	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	275	16	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	275	17	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	275	18	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22396	275	19	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	275	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	276	1	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	276	2	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	276	3	activity	activity	NOUN
ar-22396	276	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	276	5	early	early	ADJ
ar-22396	276	6	thinking	thinking	NOUN
ar-22396	276	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	276	8	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
ar-22396	276	9	shifts	shift	NOUN
ar-22396	276	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	276	11	continuing	continue	VERB
ar-22396	276	12	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ar-22396	276	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	276	14	persistent	persistent	ADJ
ar-22396	276	15	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22396	276	16	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	276	17	a	a	DET
ar-22396	276	18	michigan	michigan	PROPN
ar-22396	276	19	study	study	NOUN
ar-22396	276	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	277	1	crime	crime	NOUN
ar-22396	277	2	law	law	PROPN
ar-22396	277	3	soc	soc	NOUN
ar-22396	277	4	change	change	NOUN
ar-22396	277	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	277	6	2006(45	2006(45	NUM
ar-22396	277	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	277	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	277	9	263–284	263–284	NUM
ar-22396	277	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	278	1	kymlicka	kymlicka	PROPN
ar-22396	278	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	278	3	w.	w.	PROPN
ar-22396	278	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	278	5	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	278	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	278	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	279	1	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	279	2	multiculturalism	multiculturalism	NOUN
ar-22396	279	3	?	?	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	280	2	hall	hall	NOUN
ar-22396	280	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	4	p.	p.	NOUN
ar-22396	280	5	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	280	6	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	280	7	lamont	lamont	PROPN
ar-22396	280	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	9	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22396	280	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	11	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	280	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	15	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	280	16	resilience	resilience	NOUN
ar-22396	280	17	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	280	18	the	the	DET
ar-22396	280	19	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	280	20	era	era	NOUN
ar-22396	280	21	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	22	pp	pp	ADJ
ar-22396	280	23	.	.	NOUN
ar-22396	280	24	99125	99125	NUM
ar-22396	280	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	26	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ar-22396	280	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	28	uk	uk	PROPN
ar-22396	280	29	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	280	30	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ar-22396	280	31	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	280	32	press	press	NOUN
ar-22396	280	33	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	281	1	international	international	ADJ
ar-22396	281	2	labour	labour	PROPN
ar-22396	281	3	organization	organization	NOUN
ar-22396	281	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	281	5	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22396	281	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	281	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	282	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	282	2	decent	decent	ADJ
ar-22396	282	3	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	282	4	faq	faq	NOUN
ar-22396	282	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	282	6	making	make	VERB
ar-22396	282	7	decent	decent	ADJ
ar-22396	282	8	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	282	9	a	a	DET
ar-22396	282	10	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	282	11	goal	goal	NOUN
ar-22396	282	12	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	282	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	282	14	ilo	ilo	PROPN
ar-22396	282	15	newsroom	newsroom	PROPN
ar-22396	282	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	282	17	july	july	PROPN
ar-22396	282	18	6	6	NUM
ar-22396	282	19	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	283	1	http://www.ilo.org/global/about-theilo/newsroom/features/wcms_071241/lang--en/index.htm	http://www.ilo.org/global/about-theilo/newsroom/features/wcms_071241/lang--en/index.htm	PROPN
ar-22396	283	2	kerwin	kerwin	PROPN
ar-22396	283	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	283	4	d.m	d.m	PROPN
ar-22396	283	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	283	6	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	283	7	mccabe	mccabe	PROPN
ar-22396	283	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	283	9	k.	k.	PROPN
ar-22396	283	10	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	283	11	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	283	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	283	13	july	july	PROPN
ar-22396	283	14	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	283	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	284	1	labor	labor	NOUN
ar-22396	284	2	standards	standard	NOUN
ar-22396	284	3	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
ar-22396	284	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	284	5	low	low	ADJ
ar-22396	284	6	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	284	7	wage	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	284	8	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	284	9	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	284	10	creating	create	VERB
ar-22396	284	11	an	an	DET
ar-22396	284	12	effective	effective	ADJ
ar-22396	284	13	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
ar-22396	284	14	system	system	NOUN
ar-22396	284	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	285	1	washington	washington	PROPN
ar-22396	285	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	285	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
ar-22396	285	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	285	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	285	6	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	285	7	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	285	8	institute	institute	NOUN
ar-22396	285	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	286	1	law	law	PROPN
ar-22396	286	2	commission	commission	PROPN
ar-22396	286	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	286	4	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	286	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	287	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	287	2	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22396	287	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	287	4	december	december	PROPN
ar-22396	287	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	287	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	288	1	report	report	NOUN
ar-22396	288	2	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	288	3	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
ar-22396	288	4	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	288	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	288	6	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	288	7	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	288	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	1	http://www.lco-cdo.org/vulnerableworkers-final-report.pdf	http://www.lco-cdo.org/vulnerableworkers-final-report.pdf	PROPN
ar-22396	289	2	lewchuk	lewchuk	PROPN
ar-22396	289	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	4	w.	w.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	6	lafleche	lafleche	PROPN
ar-22396	289	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	8	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22396	289	9	,procyk	,procyk	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	11	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	13	cook	cook	VERB
ar-22396	289	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	15	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	17	dyson	dyson	PROPN
ar-22396	289	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	19	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	21	goldring	goldring	PROPN
ar-22396	289	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	23	l.	l.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	25	lior	lior	PROPN
ar-22396	289	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	27	k.	k.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	29	meisner	meisner	PROPN
ar-22396	289	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	31	a.	a.	NOUN
ar-22396	289	32	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	33	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	289	34	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	35	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	36	tambureno	tambureno	PROPN
ar-22396	289	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	38	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	289	39	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	289	40	viducis	viducis	PROPN
ar-22396	289	41	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	42	p.	p.	NOUN
ar-22396	289	43	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	44	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	289	45	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	46	may	may	AUX
ar-22396	289	47	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	289	48	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	290	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	290	2	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	290	3	penalty	penalty	NOUN
ar-22396	290	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	290	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	290	6	impact	impact	NOUN
ar-22396	290	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	290	8	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	290	9	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	290	10	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	290	11	individuals	individual	NOUN
ar-22396	290	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	290	13	households	household	NOUN
ar-22396	290	14	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	290	15	communities	community	NOUN
ar-22396	290	16	–	–	PUNCT
ar-22396	290	17	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	290	18	what	what	PRON
ar-22396	290	19	to	to	PART
ar-22396	290	20	do	do	VERB
ar-22396	290	21	about	about	ADP
ar-22396	290	22	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	290	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	291	1	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	291	2	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	291	3	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	291	4	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	291	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	291	6	southern	southern	ADJ
ar-22396	291	7	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	291	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	291	9	mcmaster	mcmaster	PROPN
ar-22396	291	10	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	291	11	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	291	12	united	united	PROPN
ar-22396	291	13	way	way	PROPN
ar-22396	291	14	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	291	15	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	291	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	1	http://www.unitedwaytyr.com/document.doc?id=307	http://www.unitedwaytyr.com/document.doc?id=307	PROPN
ar-22396	292	2	lewchuk	lewchuk	PROPN
ar-22396	292	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	4	w.	w.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	6	lafleche	lafleche	PROPN
ar-22396	292	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	8	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22396	292	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	10	dyson	dyson	PROPN
ar-22396	292	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	12	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	14	goldring	goldring	PROPN
ar-22396	292	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	16	l.	l.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	18	meisner	meisner	PROPN
ar-22396	292	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	20	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	22	procyk	procyk	VERB
ar-22396	292	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	24	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	26	rosen	rosen	PROPN
ar-22396	292	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	28	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	30	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	292	31	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	32	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	33	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	34	viducis	viducis	PROPN
ar-22396	292	35	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	36	p.	p.	NOUN
ar-22396	292	37	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	38	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	292	39	vrankulj	vrankulj	PROPN
ar-22396	292	40	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	41	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	292	42	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	43	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	292	44	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	45	february	february	PROPN
ar-22396	292	46	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	292	47	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	293	1	it	it	PRON
ar-22396	293	2	’s	’	VERB
ar-22396	293	3	more	more	ADJ
ar-22396	293	4	than	than	ADP
ar-22396	293	5	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	293	6	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	293	7	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	293	8	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	293	9	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	293	10	household	household	NOUN
ar-22396	293	11	well	well	ADV
ar-22396	293	12	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	293	13	being	being	NOUN
ar-22396	293	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	294	1	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	294	2	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	294	3	employment	employment	NOUN
ar-22396	294	4	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	294	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	294	6	southern	southern	ADJ
ar-22396	294	7	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	294	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	294	9	mcmaster	mcmaster	PROPN
ar-22396	294	10	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	294	11	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	294	12	united	united	PROPN
ar-22396	294	13	way	way	PROPN
ar-22396	294	14	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	294	15	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	294	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	295	1	http://www.unitedwaytoronto	http://www.unitedwaytoronto	PROPN
ar-22396	295	2	.com	.com	PROPN
ar-22396	295	3	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	295	4	document.doc?id=91	document.doc?id=91	PROPN
ar-22396	295	5	likić	likić	NOUN
ar-22396	295	6	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	295	7	brborić	brborić	PROPN
ar-22396	295	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	295	9	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	295	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	295	11	schierup	schierup	PROPN
ar-22396	295	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	295	13	c.u	c.u	PROPN
ar-22396	295	14	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	295	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	295	16	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	295	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	295	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	296	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	296	2	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	296	3	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	296	4	as	as	ADP
ar-22396	296	5	human	human	ADJ
ar-22396	296	6	rights	right	NOUN
ar-22396	296	7	?	?	PUNCT
ar-22396	297	1	trajectories	trajectory	NOUN
ar-22396	297	2	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	297	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	297	4	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	297	5	governance	governance	NOUN
ar-22396	297	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	297	7	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	297	8	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	297	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	298	2	schierup	schierup	PROPN
ar-22396	298	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	4	c.u	c.u	PROPN
ar-22396	298	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	298	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	7	munck	munck	PROPN
ar-22396	298	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	9	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22396	298	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	11	likić	likić	PROPN
ar-22396	298	12	-	-	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	13	brborić	brborić	PROPN
ar-22396	298	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	15	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	298	16	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	298	17	neergaard	neergaard	PROPN
ar-22396	298	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	19	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	298	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	21	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	22	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	298	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	26	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	298	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	28	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	298	29	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	30	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	298	31	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	298	32	governance	governance	NOUN
ar-22396	298	33	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	34	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	298	35	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	298	36	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22396	298	37	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	298	38	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	298	39	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	40	pp	pp	ADJ
ar-22396	298	41	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	42	223	223	NUM
ar-22396	298	43	-	-	SYM
ar-22396	298	44	244	244	NUM
ar-22396	298	45	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	298	46	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	299	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
ar-22396	299	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	299	3	oxforduniversity	oxforduniversity	NOUN
ar-22396	299	4	press	press	NOUN
ar-22396	299	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	300	1	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	300	2	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	300	3	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	300	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	300	5	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	300	6	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	300	7	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	300	8	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	300	9	159	159	NUM
ar-22396	300	10	milkman	milkman	PROPN
ar-22396	300	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	300	12	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22396	300	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	300	14	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	300	15	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	300	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	301	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	301	2	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	301	3	workers	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	301	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	301	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	301	6	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	301	7	movement	movement	NOUN
ar-22396	301	8	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	301	9	the	the	DET
ar-22396	301	10	usa	usa	PROPN
ar-22396	301	11	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	301	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	302	2	schierup	schierup	PROPN
ar-22396	302	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	4	c.u	c.u	PROPN
ar-22396	302	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	302	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	7	munck	munck	PROPN
ar-22396	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	9	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22396	302	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	11	likić­brborić	likić­brborić	PROPN
ar-22396	302	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	13	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	302	14	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	302	15	neergaard	neergaard	PROPN
ar-22396	302	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	17	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	302	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	19	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	20	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	302	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	22	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	23	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	24	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	302	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	26	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	302	27	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	28	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	302	29	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	302	30	governance	governance	NOUN
ar-22396	302	31	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	32	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	302	33	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	302	34	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22396	302	35	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	302	36	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	302	37	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	38	pp	pp	ADJ
ar-22396	302	39	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	40	160­176	160­176	NUM
ar-22396	302	41	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	302	42	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	303	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
ar-22396	303	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	303	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ar-22396	303	4	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	303	5	press	press	NOUN
ar-22396	303	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	304	1	mirowski	mirowski	PROPN
ar-22396	304	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	304	3	p.	p.	NOUN
ar-22396	304	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	304	5	fri	fri	PROPN
ar-22396	304	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	304	7	oct	oct	PROPN
ar-22396	304	8	17	17	NUM
ar-22396	304	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	304	10	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	304	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	304	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	305	1	lecture	lecture	NOUN
ar-22396	305	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	305	3	the	the	DET
ar-22396	305	4	political	political	ADJ
ar-22396	305	5	movement	movement	NOUN
ar-22396	305	6	that	that	PRON
ar-22396	305	7	dared	dared	AUX
ar-22396	305	8	not	not	PART
ar-22396	305	9	speak	speak	VERB
ar-22396	305	10	its	its	PRON
ar-22396	305	11	own	own	ADJ
ar-22396	305	12	name	name	NOUN
ar-22396	305	13	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	305	14	the	the	DET
ar-22396	305	15	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	305	16	thought	think	VERB
ar-22396	305	17	collective	collective	ADJ
ar-22396	305	18	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	305	19	erasure	erasure	NOUN
ar-22396	305	20	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	306	1	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	306	2	science	science	NOUN
ar-22396	306	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	306	4	ideology	ideology	NOUN
ar-22396	306	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	306	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	306	7	public	public	ADJ
ar-22396	306	8	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	306	9	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	306	10	the	the	DET
ar-22396	306	11	united	united	PROPN
ar-22396	306	12	states	states	PROPN
ar-22396	306	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	306	14	1960s	1960	NOUN
ar-22396	306	15	to	to	ADP
ar-22396	306	16	the	the	DET
ar-22396	306	17	present	present	NOUN
ar-22396	306	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	307	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	307	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	307	3	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	307	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	307	5	university	university	NOUN
ar-22396	307	6	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	307	7	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	307	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	308	1	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	308	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	308	3	ministry	ministry	PROPN
ar-22396	308	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	308	5	labour	labour	PROPN
ar-22396	308	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	309	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	309	2	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	309	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	309	4	february	february	PROPN
ar-22396	309	5	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	309	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	310	1	ontario	ontario	PROPN
ar-22396	310	2	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	310	3	changing	change	VERB
ar-22396	310	4	workplace	workplace	NOUN
ar-22396	310	5	review	review	NOUN
ar-22396	310	6	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	310	7	terms	term	NOUN
ar-22396	310	8	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	310	9	reference	reference	NOUN
ar-22396	310	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	311	1	www.labour.gov.on.ca/english/about/workplace/terms.php	www.labour.gov.on.ca/english/about/workplace/terms.php	ADJ
ar-22396	311	2	organisation	organisation	NOUN
ar-22396	311	3	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	311	4	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	311	5	co­operation	co­operation	PROPN
ar-22396	311	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	311	7	development	development	NOUN
ar-22396	311	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	311	9	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22396	311	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	311	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	312	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	312	2	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	312	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	312	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	313	1	international	international	ADJ
ar-22396	313	2	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	313	3	outlook	outlook	NOUN
ar-22396	313	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	313	5	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	313	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	314	1	geneva	geneva	PROPN
ar-22396	314	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	314	3	ch	ch	NOUN
ar-22396	314	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	314	5	oecd	oecd	PROPN
ar-22396	314	6	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	314	7	peterson	peterson	PROPN
ar-22396	314	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	314	9	v.	v.	PROPN
ar-22396	314	10	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	314	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	314	12	2003	2003	NUM
ar-22396	314	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	314	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	315	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	315	2	critical	critical	ADJ
ar-22396	315	3	rewriting	rewriting	NOUN
ar-22396	315	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	315	5	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	315	6	political	political	ADJ
ar-22396	315	7	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	315	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	315	9	integrating	integrate	VERB
ar-22396	315	10	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
ar-22396	315	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	315	12	productive	productive	ADJ
ar-22396	315	13	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	315	14	virtual	virtual	ADJ
ar-22396	315	15	economies	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	315	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	316	1	london	london	PROPN
ar-22396	316	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	317	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
ar-22396	317	2	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	317	3	peterson	peterson	PROPN
ar-22396	317	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	317	5	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	317	6	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	317	7	2012	2012	NUM
ar-22396	317	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	317	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	318	1	rethinking	rethink	VERB
ar-22396	318	2	theory	theory	NOUN
ar-22396	318	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	318	4	inequalities	inequality	NOUN
ar-22396	318	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	318	6	informalization	informalization	NOUN
ar-22396	318	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	318	8	feminist	feminist	ADJ
ar-22396	318	9	quandaries	quandary	NOUN
ar-22396	318	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	319	1	international	international	ADJ
ar-22396	319	2	feminist	feminist	PROPN
ar-22396	319	3	journal	journal	PROPN
ar-22396	319	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	319	5	politics	politic	NOUN
ar-22396	319	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	319	7	14(1	14(1	NUM
ar-22396	319	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	319	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	319	10	5­35	5­35	NUM
ar-22396	319	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	320	1	portes	portes	PROPN
ar-22396	320	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	320	3	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	320	4	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	320	5	haller	haller	PROPN
ar-22396	320	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	320	7	w.	w.	PROPN
ar-22396	320	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	320	9	2005	2005	NUM
ar-22396	320	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	320	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	321	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	321	2	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	321	3	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	321	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	322	2	smelser	smelser	NOUN
ar-22396	322	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	4	n.	n.	PROPN
ar-22396	322	5	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	322	6	swedberg	swedberg	PROPN
ar-22396	322	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	8	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22396	322	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	10	eds	eds	PROPN
ar-22396	322	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	14	handbook	handbook	NOUN
ar-22396	322	15	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	322	16	economic	economic	ADJ
ar-22396	322	17	sociology	sociology	NOUN
ar-22396	322	18	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	19	2nd	2nd	ADJ
ar-22396	322	20	ed	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	322	21	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	322	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	23	pp.403­425	pp.403­425	NOUN
ar-22396	322	24	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	322	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	323	1	new	new	PROPN
ar-22396	323	2	york	york	PROPN
ar-22396	323	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	323	4	ny	ny	PROPN
ar-22396	323	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	323	6	russell	russell	NOUN
ar-22396	323	7	sage	sage	NOUN
ar-22396	323	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	324	1	rodgers	rodger	NOUN
ar-22396	324	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	324	3	g.	g.	PROPN
ar-22396	324	4	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	324	5	1989	1989	NUM
ar-22396	324	6	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	324	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	325	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	325	2	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	325	3	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	325	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	325	5	western	western	ADJ
ar-22396	325	6	europe	europe	PROPN
ar-22396	325	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	325	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	325	9	state	state	NOUN
ar-22396	325	10	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	325	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	325	12	debate	debate	NOUN
ar-22396	325	13	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	325	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	326	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	326	2	rodgers	rodger	NOUN
ar-22396	326	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	326	4	g.	g.	PROPN
ar-22396	326	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	326	6	rodgers	rodger	NOUN
ar-22396	326	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	326	8	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	326	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	326	10	eds	eds	PROPN
ar-22396	326	11	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	326	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	326	13	pp	pp	PROPN
ar-22396	326	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	327	1	1­16	1­16	NUM
ar-22396	327	2	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	327	3	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	328	1	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	328	2	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	328	3	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	328	4	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	328	5	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	328	6	regulation	regulation	NOUN
ar-22396	328	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	329	1	geneva	geneva	PROPN
ar-22396	329	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	329	3	ilo	ilo	PROPN
ar-22396	329	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	329	5	1­16	1­16	PROPN
ar-22396	329	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	1	root	root	PROPN
ar-22396	330	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	330	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	5	gates­gasse	gates­gasse	PROPN
ar-22396	330	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	7	e.	e.	PROPN
ar-22396	330	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	9	shields	shields	PROPN
ar-22396	330	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	11	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	330	12	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	330	13	bauder	bauder	PROPN
ar-22396	330	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	15	h.	h.	PROPN
ar-22396	330	16	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	17	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	330	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	19	october	october	PROPN
ar-22396	330	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	330	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	331	1	rcis	rcis	PROPN
ar-22396	331	2	working	working	PROPN
ar-22396	331	3	paper	paper	NOUN
ar-22396	331	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	331	5	discounting	discount	VERB
ar-22396	331	6	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	331	7	families	family	NOUN
ar-22396	331	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	331	9	neoliberalism	neoliberalism	NOUN
ar-22396	331	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	331	11	the	the	DET
ar-22396	331	12	framing	framing	NOUN
ar-22396	331	13	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	331	14	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	331	15	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	331	16	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	331	17	change	change	NOUN
ar-22396	331	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	332	1	ryerson	ryerson	NOUN
ar-22396	332	2	centre	centre	NOUN
ar-22396	332	3	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	332	4	immigration	immigration	NOUN
ar-22396	332	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	332	6	settlement	settlement	NOUN
ar-22396	332	7	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22396	332	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	333	1	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	333	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	333	3	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	333	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	333	5	ryerson	ryerson	NOUN
ar-22396	333	6	university	university	NOUN
ar-22396	333	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	1	160	160	NUM
ar-22396	334	2	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	334	3	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	334	4	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	334	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	334	6	the	the	DET
ar-22396	334	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
ar-22396	334	8	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	334	9	living	live	VERB
ar-22396	334	10	wages	wage	NOUN
ar-22396	334	11	roy	roy	PROPN
ar-22396	334	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	13	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22396	334	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	15	sidhu	sidhu	PROPN
ar-22396	334	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	17	n.	n.	NOUN
ar-22396	334	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	19	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	334	20	wilson	wilson	PROPN
ar-22396	334	21	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	22	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	334	23	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	24	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	334	25	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	334	26	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	335	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	335	2	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	335	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	335	4	resilience	resilience	NOUN
ar-22396	335	5	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	335	6	newcomers	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	335	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	335	8	exploring	explore	VERB
ar-22396	335	9	newcomer	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	335	10	entrepreneurship	entrepreneurship	NOUN
ar-22396	335	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	336	1	newcomer	newcomer	NOUN
ar-22396	336	2	women	woman	NOUN
ar-22396	336	3	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	336	4	services	services	PROPN
ar-22396	336	5	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	336	6	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	336	7	social	social	PROPN
ar-22396	336	8	planning	planning	PROPN
ar-22396	336	9	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	336	10	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	336	11	toronto	toronto	PROPN
ar-22396	336	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	336	13	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	336	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	337	1	http://www.socialplanningtoronto.org/wp­	http://www.socialplanningtoronto.org/wp­	NOUN
ar-22396	337	2	content	content	NOUN
ar-22396	337	3	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	337	4	uploads/2014/11	uploads/2014/11	PROPN
ar-22396	337	5	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	337	6	e	e	PROPN
ar-22396	337	7	arn­report.pdf	arn­report.pdf	PROPN
ar-22396	337	8	rubery	rubery	PROPN
ar-22396	337	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	337	10	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	337	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	337	12	1989	1989	NUM
ar-22396	337	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	337	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	338	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	338	2	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	338	3	forms	form	NOUN
ar-22396	338	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	338	5	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	338	6	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	338	7	the	the	DET
ar-22396	338	8	united	united	ADJ
ar-22396	338	9	kingdom	kingdom	PROPN
ar-22396	338	10	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	338	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	339	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	339	2	rodgers	rodger	NOUN
ar-22396	339	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	339	4	g.	g.	PROPN
ar-22396	339	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	339	6	rodgers	rodger	NOUN
ar-22396	339	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	339	8	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	339	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	339	10	eds	eds	PROPN
ar-22396	339	11	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	339	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	339	13	pp	pp	PROPN
ar-22396	339	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	340	1	49­74	49­74	NUM
ar-22396	340	2	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	340	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	341	1	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	341	2	precarious	precarious	ADJ
ar-22396	341	3	jobs	job	NOUN
ar-22396	341	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	341	5	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	341	6	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	341	7	regulation	regulation	NOUN
ar-22396	341	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	1	geneva	geneva	PROPN
ar-22396	342	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	3	ilo	ilo	PROPN
ar-22396	342	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	5	runyan	runyan	PROPN
ar-22396	342	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	7	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	342	8	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	342	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	10	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	342	11	peterson	peterson	PROPN
ar-22396	342	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	13	v.	v.	PROPN
ar-22396	342	14	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	342	15	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	16	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	342	17	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	342	18	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	343	1	chapter	chapter	NOUN
ar-22396	343	2	1	1	NUM
ar-22396	343	3	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	343	4	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ar-22396	343	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	343	6	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	343	7	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	343	8	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	343	9	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22396	343	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	344	1	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	344	2	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	344	3	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22396	344	4	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	344	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	344	6	new	new	ADJ
ar-22396	344	7	millennium	millennium	NOUN
ar-22396	344	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	344	9	4th	4th	ADJ
ar-22396	344	10	ed	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	344	11	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	344	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	344	13	pp	pp	PROPN
ar-22396	344	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	345	1	1­30	1­30	NOUN
ar-22396	345	2	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	345	3	boulder	boulder	NOUN
ar-22396	345	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	345	5	westview	westview	PROPN
ar-22396	345	6	press	press	PROPN
ar-22396	345	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	346	1	schneider	schneider	PROPN
ar-22396	346	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	346	3	f.	f.	PROPN
ar-22396	346	4	;	;	PUNCT
ar-22396	346	5	enste	enste	PROPN
ar-22396	346	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	346	7	d.	d.	PROPN
ar-22396	346	8	h.	h.	PROPN
ar-22396	346	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	346	10	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	346	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	346	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	347	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	347	2	shadow	shadow	NOUN
ar-22396	347	3	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	347	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	347	5	an	an	DET
ar-22396	347	6	international	international	ADJ
ar-22396	347	7	survey	survey	NOUN
ar-22396	347	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	347	9	2nd	2nd	ADJ
ar-22396	347	10	ed	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	347	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	347	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	347	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	348	1	new	new	PROPN
ar-22396	348	2	york	york	PROPN
ar-22396	348	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	348	4	ny	ny	PROPN
ar-22396	348	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	348	6	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
ar-22396	348	7	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	348	8	press	press	NOUN
ar-22396	348	9	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	349	1	schneider	schneider	PROPN
ar-22396	349	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	349	3	f.	f.	PROPN
ar-22396	349	4	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	349	5	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	349	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	349	7	c.c	c.c	PROPN
ar-22396	349	8	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	349	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	349	10	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	349	11	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	349	12	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	350	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	350	2	shadow	shadow	NOUN
ar-22396	350	3	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	350	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	351	1	london	london	PROPN
ar-22396	351	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	351	3	uk	uk	PROPN
ar-22396	351	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	351	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	351	6	institute	institute	PROPN
ar-22396	351	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	351	8	economic	economic	PROPN
ar-22396	351	9	affairs	affairs	PROPN
ar-22396	351	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	351	11	profile	profile	PROPN
ar-22396	351	12	books	books	PROPN
ar-22396	351	13	ltd	ltd	PROPN
ar-22396	351	14	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	351	15	sherifat	sherifat	PROPN
ar-22396	351	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	351	17	o.	o.	PROPN
ar-22396	351	18	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	351	19	2011	2011	NUM
ar-22396	351	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	351	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	352	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	352	2	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
ar-22396	352	3	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ar-22396	352	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	352	5	the	the	DET
ar-22396	352	6	concept	concept	NOUN
ar-22396	352	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	352	8	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	352	9	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	352	10	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	352	11	informality	informality	NOUN
ar-22396	352	12	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	352	13	developing	develop	VERB
ar-22396	352	14	countries	country	NOUN
ar-22396	352	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	353	1	european	european	ADJ
ar-22396	353	2	journal	journal	PROPN
ar-22396	353	3	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	353	4	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	353	5	sciences	science	NOUN
ar-22396	353	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	1	20	20	NUM
ar-22396	354	2	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	3	4	4	NUM
ar-22396	354	4	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	6	624­636	624­636	NUM
ar-22396	354	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	8	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	354	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	10	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	354	11	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	12	2004	2004	NUM
ar-22396	354	13	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	354	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	355	1	no	no	DET
ar-22396	355	2	safe	safe	ADJ
ar-22396	355	3	haven	haven	NOUN
ar-22396	355	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	355	5	markets	market	NOUN
ar-22396	355	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	355	7	welfare	welfare	NOUN
ar-22396	355	8	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	355	9	migrants	migrant	NOUN
ar-22396	355	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	356	2	kretsendemas	kretsendemas	PROPN
ar-22396	356	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	4	p.	p.	PROPN
ar-22396	356	5	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	356	6	aparacio	aparacio	PROPN
ar-22396	356	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	8	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	356	9	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	10	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	356	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	12	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	14	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	356	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	16	welfare	welfare	NOUN
ar-22396	356	17	reform	reform	NOUN
ar-22396	356	18	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	356	19	the	the	DET
ar-22396	356	20	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	356	21	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	356	22	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	356	23	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	356	24	pp	pp	ADJ
ar-22396	356	25	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	357	1	35­60	35­60	NOUN
ar-22396	357	2	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	357	3	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	358	1	new	new	PROPN
ar-22396	358	2	york	york	PROPN
ar-22396	358	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	358	4	ny	ny	PROPN
ar-22396	358	5	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	358	6	praeger	praeger	NOUN
ar-22396	358	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	1	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	359	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	359	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	5	kelley	kelley	PROPN
ar-22396	359	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	7	p.	p.	PROPN
ar-22396	359	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	9	park	park	NOUN
ar-22396	359	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	11	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	359	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	13	prier	prier	NOUN
ar-22396	359	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	15	n.	n.	NOUN
ar-22396	359	16	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	359	17	fang	fang	NOUN
ar-22396	359	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	19	t.	t.	PROPN
ar-22396	359	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	21	2001	2001	NUM
ar-22396	359	22	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	359	23	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	2	profiling	profile	VERB
ar-22396	360	3	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	360	4	poverty	poverty	NOUN
ar-22396	360	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	360	6	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	360	7	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	8	a	a	DET
ar-22396	360	9	2006	2006	NUM
ar-22396	360	10	census	census	NOUN
ar-22396	360	11	statistical	statistical	ADJ
ar-22396	360	12	portrait	portrait	NOUN
ar-22396	360	13	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	15	canadian	canadian	ADJ
ar-22396	360	16	review	review	NOUN
ar-22396	360	17	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	360	18	social	social	ADJ
ar-22396	360	19	policy	policy	NOUN
ar-22396	360	20	revue	revue	NOUN
ar-22396	360	21	canadienne	canadienne	PROPN
ar-22396	360	22	de	de	PROPN
ar-22396	360	23	politique	politique	PROPN
ar-22396	360	24	sociale	sociale	PROPN
ar-22396	360	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	26	no	no	INTJ
ar-22396	360	27	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	28	65/66	65/66	NUM
ar-22396	360	29	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	360	30	92­111	92­111	X
ar-22396	360	31	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	1	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	361	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	3	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	361	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	5	phan	phan	PROPN
ar-22396	361	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	7	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22396	361	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	9	yang	yang	PROPN
ar-22396	361	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	11	f.	f.	PROPN
ar-22396	361	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	13	kelly	kelly	PROPN
ar-22396	361	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	15	p.	p.	PROPN
ar-22396	361	16	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	17	lemoine	lemoine	PROPN
ar-22396	361	18	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	19	m.	m.	NOUN
ar-22396	361	20	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	21	lo	lo	PROPN
ar-22396	361	22	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	23	l.	l.	PROPN
ar-22396	361	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	25	preston	preston	PROPN
ar-22396	361	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	27	v.	v.	PROPN
ar-22396	361	28	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	361	29	tufts	tufts	PROPN
ar-22396	361	30	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	31	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	361	32	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	33	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	361	34	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	361	35	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	362	1	do	do	VERB
ar-22396	362	2	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ
ar-22396	362	3	class	class	NOUN
ar-22396	362	4	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	362	5	gender	gender	NOUN
ar-22396	362	6	affect	affect	VERB
ar-22396	362	7	labour	labour	ADJ
ar-22396	362	8	market	market	NOUN
ar-22396	362	9	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
ar-22396	362	10	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	362	11	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN
ar-22396	362	12	?	?	PUNCT
ar-22396	363	1	tiedi	tiedi	PROPN
ar-22396	363	2	analytical	analytical	ADJ
ar-22396	363	3	report	report	NOUN
ar-22396	363	4	2	2	NUM
ar-22396	363	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	1	www.yorku.ca/tiedi/doc/analyticalreport2.pdf	www.yorku.ca/tiedi/doc/analyticalreport2.pdf	NOUN
ar-22396	364	2	paving	pave	VERB
ar-22396	364	3	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	364	4	way	way	NOUN
ar-22396	364	5	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	364	6	earning	earn	VERB
ar-22396	364	7	their	their	PRON
ar-22396	364	8	pay	pay	NOUN
ar-22396	364	9	|	|	ADV
ar-22396	364	10	161	161	NUM
ar-22396	364	11	shields	shield	NOUN
ar-22396	364	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	13	j.	j.	PROPN
ar-22396	364	14	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	15	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	364	16	türegün	türegün	NOUN
ar-22396	364	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	18	a.	a.	NOUN
ar-22396	364	19	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	20	with	with	ADP
ar-22396	364	21	research	research	NOUN
ar-22396	364	22	assistance	assistance	NOUN
ar-22396	364	23	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	364	24	lowe	lowe	PROPN
ar-22396	364	25	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	26	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	364	27	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	364	28	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	365	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	365	2	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	365	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	365	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	366	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	366	2	settlement	settlement	NOUN
ar-22396	366	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	366	4	integration	integration	NOUN
ar-22396	366	5	research	research	NOUN
ar-22396	366	6	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
ar-22396	366	7	2009	2009	NUM
ar-22396	366	8	­	­	NUM
ar-22396	366	9	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	366	10	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	366	11	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	367	1	ceris	ceris	PROPN
ar-22396	367	2	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	368	1	http://ceris.ca/wp­content/uploads/2015/01/ceris­	http://ceris.ca/wp­content/uploads/2015/01/ceris­	PROPN
ar-22396	368	2	research­synthesis­on­settlement­and­integration.pdf	research­synthesis­on­settlement­and­integration.pdf	PROPN
ar-22396	368	3	statistics	statistics	PROPN
ar-22396	368	4	canada	canada	PROPN
ar-22396	368	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	369	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	369	2	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	369	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	369	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	370	1	labour	labour	PROPN
ar-22396	370	2	force	force	PROPN
ar-22396	370	3	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
ar-22396	370	4	[	[	X
ar-22396	370	5	data	datum	NOUN
ar-22396	370	6	file	file	NOUN
ar-22396	370	7	]	]	PUNCT
ar-22396	370	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	371	1	http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables­tableaux/sum­som/l01/cst01/econ10­	http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables­tableaux/sum­som/l01/cst01/econ10­	PROPN
ar-22396	371	2	eng.htm	eng.htm	NUM
ar-22396	371	3	tabachnick	tabachnick	NOUN
ar-22396	371	4	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	371	5	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	371	6	g.	g.	PROPN
ar-22396	371	7	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	371	8	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	371	9	fidell	fidell	PROPN
ar-22396	371	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	371	11	l.	l.	PROPN
ar-22396	371	12	s.	s.	PROPN
ar-22396	371	13	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	371	14	2001	2001	NUM
ar-22396	371	15	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	371	16	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	372	1	using	use	VERB
ar-22396	372	2	multivariate	multivariate	NOUN
ar-22396	372	3	statistics	statistic	NOUN
ar-22396	372	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	373	1	boston	boston	PROPN
ar-22396	373	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	373	3	allyn	allyn	PROPN
ar-22396	373	4	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	373	5	bacon	bacon	PROPN
ar-22396	373	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	374	1	topkara­sarsu	topkara­sarsu	NOUN
ar-22396	374	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	374	3	sevgul	sevgul	NOUN
ar-22396	374	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	375	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	375	2	2013	2013	NUM
ar-22396	375	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	375	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	376	1	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	376	2	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	376	3	literature	literature	PROPN
ar-22396	376	4	review	review	PROPN
ar-22396	376	5	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	376	6	woodgreen	woodgreen	PROPN
ar-22396	376	7	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	377	1	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	377	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	377	3	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22396	377	4	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22396	377	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	377	6	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	377	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	377	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	378	1	re­theorizing	re­theorize	VERB
ar-22396	378	2	the	the	DET
ar-22396	378	3	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	378	4	economy	economy	NOUN
ar-22396	378	5	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	378	6	western	western	ADJ
ar-22396	378	7	nations	nation	NOUN
ar-22396	378	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	378	9	some	some	DET
ar-22396	378	10	lessons	lesson	NOUN
ar-22396	378	11	from	from	ADP
ar-22396	378	12	rural	rural	PROPN
ar-22396	378	13	england	england	PROPN
ar-22396	378	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	1	the	the	DET
ar-22396	379	2	open	open	ADJ
ar-22396	379	3	area	area	NOUN
ar-22396	379	4	studies	study	NOUN
ar-22396	379	5	journal	journal	NOUN
ar-22396	379	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	7	2010	2010	NUM
ar-22396	379	8	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	9	3	3	NUM
ar-22396	379	10	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	11	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	12	1­11	1­11	NUM
ar-22396	379	13	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	14	williams	williams	PROPN
ar-22396	379	15	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	16	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22396	379	17	c.	c.	PROPN
ar-22396	379	18	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	19	2008	2008	NUM
ar-22396	379	20	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	379	21	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	380	1	a	a	DET
ar-22396	380	2	critical	critical	ADJ
ar-22396	380	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ar-22396	380	4	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	380	5	competing	compete	VERB
ar-22396	380	6	representations	representation	NOUN
ar-22396	380	7	of	of	ADP
ar-22396	380	8	the	the	DET
ar-22396	380	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
ar-22396	380	10	between	between	ADP
ar-22396	380	11	formal	formal	ADJ
ar-22396	380	12	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	380	13	informal	informal	ADJ
ar-22396	380	14	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	380	15	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	381	1	community	community	NOUN
ar-22396	381	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	381	3	work	work	NOUN
ar-22396	381	4	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	381	5	family	family	NOUN
ar-22396	381	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	381	7	11(1	11(1	NUM
ar-22396	381	8	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	381	9	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	381	10	105­124	105­124	NUM
ar-22396	381	11	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	382	1	wise	wise	ADJ
ar-22396	382	2	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	382	3	r.w	r.w	PROPN
ar-22396	382	4	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	382	5	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	382	6	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	382	7	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	382	8	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	383	1	“	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	383	2	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	383	3	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	383	4	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	383	5	under	under	ADP
ar-22396	383	6	neoliberal	neoliberal	ADJ
ar-22396	383	7	globalization	globalization	NOUN
ar-22396	383	8	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	383	9	key	key	ADJ
ar-22396	383	10	issues	issue	NOUN
ar-22396	383	11	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	383	12	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	383	13	”	"	PUNCT
ar-22396	383	14	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	1	in	in	ADP
ar-22396	384	2	schierup	schierup	PROPN
ar-22396	384	3	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	4	c.u	c.u	PROPN
ar-22396	384	5	.	.	PROPN
ar-22396	384	6	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	7	munck	munck	PROPN
ar-22396	384	8	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	9	r.	r.	PROPN
ar-22396	384	10	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	11	likić­	likić­	VERB
ar-22396	384	12	brborić	brborić	NOUN
ar-22396	384	13	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	14	b.	b.	PROPN
ar-22396	384	15	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	384	16	neergaard	neergaard	PROPN
ar-22396	384	17	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	18	a.	a.	PROPN
ar-22396	384	19	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	20	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	21	eds	ed	NOUN
ar-22396	384	22	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	23	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	24	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	25	migration	migration	NOUN
ar-22396	384	26	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	27	precarity	precarity	NOUN
ar-22396	384	28	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	29	&	&	CCONJ
ar-22396	384	30	global	global	ADJ
ar-22396	384	31	governance	governance	NOUN
ar-22396	384	32	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	33	challenges	challenge	NOUN
ar-22396	384	34	and	and	CCONJ
ar-22396	384	35	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
ar-22396	384	36	for	for	ADP
ar-22396	384	37	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	384	38	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	39	pp	pp	ADJ
ar-22396	384	40	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	41	25­45	25­45	NUM
ar-22396	384	42	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	384	43	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	385	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
ar-22396	385	2	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	385	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
ar-22396	385	4	university	university	PROPN
ar-22396	385	5	press	press	NOUN
ar-22396	385	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	386	1	worker	worker	NOUN
ar-22396	386	2	’s	’s	PART
ar-22396	386	3	action	action	NOUN
ar-22396	386	4	centre	centre	NOUN
ar-22396	386	5	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	387	1	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	387	2	2015	2015	NUM
ar-22396	387	3	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	387	4	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	388	1	still	still	ADV
ar-22396	388	2	working	work	VERB
ar-22396	388	3	on	on	ADP
ar-22396	388	4	the	the	DET
ar-22396	388	5	edge	edge	NOUN
ar-22396	388	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	389	1	http://www.worker	http://www.worker	PROPN
ar-22396	389	2	sactioncentre.org/wp­	sactioncentre.org/wp­	VERB
ar-22396	389	3	content	content	NOUN
ar-22396	389	4	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	389	5	uploads	uploads	PROPN
ar-22396	389	6	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	389	7	dlm_uploads/2015/03	dlm_uploads/2015/03	NOUN
ar-22396	389	8	/	/	SYM
ar-22396	389	9	stillworkingontheedge­	stillworkingontheedge­	PROPN
ar-22396	389	10	workersactioncentre.pdf	workersactioncentre.pdf	PROPN
ar-22396	389	11	wynne	wynne	PROPN
ar-22396	389	12	,	,	PUNCT
ar-22396	389	13	k.	k.	PROPN
ar-22396	389	14	(	(	PUNCT
ar-22396	389	15	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	389	16	)	)	PUNCT
ar-22396	389	17	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	390	1	2014	2014	NUM
ar-22396	390	2	mandate	mandate	NOUN
ar-22396	390	3	letter	letter	NOUN
ar-22396	390	4	:	:	PUNCT
ar-22396	390	5	labour	labour	NOUN
ar-22396	390	6	.	.	PUNCT
ar-22396	391	1	http://www.ontario.ca/government/2014­mandate­letter­labour	http://www.ontario.ca/government/2014­mandate­letter­labour	ADV