




































AMERICAN ECONOMIC & SOCIAL REVIEW 9(1) (2022), 17-28 
 

17 

 

    ECONOMIC & SOCIAL REVIEW 

                                                                  AESR VOL 9 NO 1 (2022) P-ISSN 2576-1269  E-ISSN 2576-1277 
                                                  

    Available online at https://www.cribfb.com 

                                                                                                                                      Journal homepage: https://www.cribfb.com/journal/index.php/aesr 

                                                                                                                                                                                              Published by CRIBFB, USA 

GOVERNMENTAL AND INSTITUTIONAL INITIATIVES AND 

ACTIONS FOR THE ATTRACTION AND EXPANSION OF E-

COMMERCE BY WOMEN IN BANGLADESH    

 Afsana Mimi (a)1  Md. Ali Imran (b)  Tahrima Haque Beg (c)  Md. Sazidur Rahman (d) 
 

 

(a) Lecturer, Faculty of Business & Entrepreneurship, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: afsana.ba0178.c@diu.edu.bd 
(b) Assistant Professor, Department of Business Studies, Faculty of Business & Entrepreneurship, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 
E-mail: imran@daffodil.ac 
 (c)Assistant Professor, Department of Management & Finance, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:   

sau.finance1@gmail.com 
(d) Executive Officer, Dutch-Bangla Bank Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: sazid191017@gmail.com 

 

 
A R T I C L E I N F O 

 
 

Article History: 
 

Received: 3rd February 2022 

Accepted: 24th May 2022 

      Online Publication: 27th May 2022 

 
Keywords: 

Women Entrepreneurship, Financially 
Independent, Governmental Support 

Institutional Support 

 
      JEL Classification Codes:  

 
      L81  

   

 
A B S T R A C T 
 
This research investigates the initiatives and actions taken by the Government of Bangladesh and 

institutions to attract women into e-commerce and introduce these women as financially independent. The 

existence and power of women in Bangladesh are very weak, and this is due to dependency, lack of 

education, and skills. To remove these obstacles and empower women through e-commerce, the 

Government and different institutions are taking various initiatives and actions as they can contribute to 
the development of Bangladesh. This study evaluates how Government and other institutions are working 

to introduce e-commerce as a strong tool for women's economic independence in Bangladesh. The 

Government is taking action to provide direct funds, introducing simple policies, tax exemptions, easy 

business space, transportation assistance, and many other ways. Different organizations are also working 

to assist the Government of Bangladesh in empowering women through e-commerce. The policy 

recommendations could be helpful for The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh to mitigate 

its challenges and make this sector more profitable.  

 
 

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee CRIBFB, USA. This article is an open access article  distributed under 
the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license 
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).  

                                                     

  
INTRODUCTION 

In the world as well as Bangladesh, women are economically, socially, politically, and emotionally disadvantaged. 

Furthermore, women face substantial prejudice in areas like education, healthcare, and social services (Haque, 2021). In 

developing nations like Bangladesh, e-commerce has the ability to level the economic playing field for women, and it is 

considered one of the pushing factors behind women's economic empowerment (Weforum, 2020). Recent graduation from 

the group of least developed nations (LDCs) to a developing country opens up this opportunity as well as new chances for 

Bangladesh (DhakaTribune, 2021).  

Taher (2021) stated that the internet has become crucial to the global commerce. From the comfort of their own 

homes, buyers and sellers are selling things online. People have realized the value of it during the coronavirus epidemic and 

everyone is increasingly interested in e-commerce. At the same time, millions of others will get jobs. Women entrepreneurs 

in particular are now selling a major share of their products online rather than in person. As a result, they are paid fairly for 

their products, and their health risks are minimized and thus they are gaining financial independence and becoming self-

sufficient (Rahman, 2021). 

Women's footsteps are increasing in different sectors of Bangladesh. Women are not backward in any way. At the 

beginning of the fourth industrial revolution, they are bringing success by working in various fields inside and outside the 

country. The participation of women is also seen most in the entrepreneurial sector. Surprising but true is that women have 

more business ownership in Bangladesh than in many other developed countries (Hossain et al., 2021). E-commerce has 

provided women in Bangladesh with the opportunity to work from home. A large market for online-based e-commerce 

                                                      
1Corresponding author: ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1055-9919 

© 2022 by the authors. Hosting by CRIBFB. Peer review under responsibility of CRIBFB, USA.  

https://doi.org/10.46281/aesr.v9i1.1733 

 

To cite this article: Mimi, A., Imran, M. A., Beg, T. H., & Rahman, M. S. (2022). GOVERNMENTAL AND INSTITUTIONAL INITIATIVES AND ACTIONS 

FOR THE ATTRACTION AND EXPANSION OF E-COMMERCE BY WOMEN IN BANGLADESH. American Economic & Social Review, 9(1), 17-28. 

https://doi.org/10.46281/aesr.v9i1.1733 

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
https://doi.org/10.46281/aesr.v9i1.1733
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1055-9919
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-063X
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-5968
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4097-6337


Mimi et al., American Economic & Social Review 9(1) (2022), 17-28

  

18 
 

businesses has emerged in recent years. Women are also in charge of a significant proportion of the country's online 

commerce.  

Women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh have a lot of potential. It is time to make this possibility a reality and ensure 

women's empowerment through economic development and social progress. However, there are numerous barriers to 

women becoming successful entrepreneurs (Afroze et al., 2014). But it is a matter of great joy that Bangladesh's government 

has taken significant steps to promote women's empowerment through e-commerce and to remove these hurdles by enacting 

various initiatives and guidelines. The government is taking steps to give direct funding by enacting simple rules, tax 

exemptions, easy access to business space, and transportation aid, among other things. True development is impossible 

without excluding women, which is half of the country's people. As a result, the government is attempting to create a 

business environment that favors women. E-commerce will undoubtedly assist women entrepreneurs in the country in 

resuming their post-coronavirus economic recovery efforts (Sultana & Akter, 2021). Various institutions, such as the 

Women & e-commerce Forum (WE), handle the requirements of the female entrepreneurs in addition to the government. 

WE want to assist female e-commerce entrepreneurs in sustaining and empowering their businesses (The Business Standard, 

2021). The E-commerce Association of Bangladesh (e-CAB) aspires to establish a single platform for women to provide 

support and assistance. For the advancement of women in the e-commerce industry, they engage in a variety of activities 

such as research, publication, training, workshops, and seminars (Dhaka Tribune, 2021).  

Women don't have to waste time sitting at home, thanks to e-commerce. Furthermore, effective marketing at a low 

cost, easy management, minimal investment, a short time frame, and global business opportunities with no indirect costs, a 

simple online payment system, and 24 hour business opportunities make e-commerce appealing. Women are growing more 

engaged in online business as a result of these factors. The contribution of women is behind the development of Bangladesh. 

The government is making women more efficient and effective. This will ensure the equality of women in the workplace.. 

 

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Concept of E-commerce  

Electronic commerce is referred to as e-commerce. Simply said, it is the act of conducting business through electronic 

media. E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the purchase and sale of products and services, as well as the transmission of 

payments and data, over an electronic network, primarily the (Chai et al., 2020; Ali et al., 2020a; Ali et al., 2020b; 

Chowdhury et al., 2020; F. Chowdhury et al., 2021; S. Chowdhury et al., 2021; Iqbal et al., 2021; Kader et al., 2019; Kader 

et al., 2021a; Kader et al., 2021b; Kabir et al., 2021; Nayeen et al., 2020; Nahar et al., 2021; Rahman et al., 2021a; Rahman  

et al., 2021b; Shahriar 2021a; Shahriar 2021b; Zayed et al., 2021a; and Zayed et al., 2021b) internet. These transactions can 

be B2B, B2C, C2C, or C2B. E-commerce and e-business are phrases that are frequently interchanged. While e-

business covers all aspects of managing an online firm, ecommerce focuses on the exchange of goods and services (Deitel, 

2011). Computers, laptops, smartphones, and various smart devices are used to conduct the e-commerce. Nowadays, e-

commerce allows to buy almost anything (Stefko et al., 2019). 

 

Motivational Factors that Engage Women in E-commerce 

E-commerce is becoming popular in Bangladesh as well as all over the world. Our women are also moving ahead in the e-

commerce business which has become popular in art, literature, culture. Although online business is still very new to the 

people of our country, women are no longer lagging behind men in terms of doing business in the online world. Rather, 

women's participation in e-commerce is slowly increasing. 60% of the country's e-commerce industry is occupied by 

women.  Some factors motivate women to engage in e-commerce. The least investment, opportunity of working from home, 

and global reach are the main reasons for choosing e-commerce. A big advantage of e-commerce is the opportunity to 

continue working as well as study. The number of women who prefer to order online at home rather than go to the market 

to buy by pushing the crowd is also increasing day by day, which is a positive aspect for online business (Jethwa & Mishra, 

2016).  

 

Economic Independence: According to Hakim (2016), women’s economic independence identifies that women play the 

role of economic actors who contribute to economic activity and should be benefitted equally with men from it and that 

financial independence can have a significant role in reinforcing the position of women in society and within the household. 

Devalla (2016) stated that economic independence plays a key role to establish women’s empowerment. E-commerce allows 

women for getting economic independence by running their own businesses by balancing their personal and professional 

life. The flow of e-commerce has brought financial freedom for women and also brought imaginative fulfillment. For this 

reason, they become self-dependent and actively participating in decision-making. They are also becoming successful 

leaders. Now women enjoyed financial freedom and are no longer reliant on their families for economic backup.  

 

Social Recognition: Every entrepreneur wants to gain prestige or status, to be known and respected. They also want to be 

a role model for people to be followed. These social reasons drive the entrepreneur to operate an online business. Women 

can be socially recognized through their online business. Through e-commerce, they can contribute to the family and this 

helps them to achieve a social status along with men. By running online businesses, women can make significant gains 

along with shifts in social attitudes. Moreover, they also gain self-prestige, the status of an online business owner will 

definitely give a special superiority which is not possible if she works with other people as employees (Lewis, 2013). 

 

Self-Reliance: E-commerce helps women to achieve self-reliance. For this women do not need to depend on their families 

for economic support. They can now contribute to their families as well as the national economy through income generation 



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activities. For this reason, they can now enhance their living standard and also motivate other women to become financially 

dependent. Furthermore, these women-driven businesses help to reduce the unemployment rate and accelerate the national 

GDP by creating additional opportunities (Maier & Nair-Reichert, 2007).  

 

Global Reach: Today, women entrepreneurs can reach out to customers in any part of the world to sell their products, 

through the use of e-commerce because e-commerce has enhanced the reach of business establishments. They also create 

the opportunity to establish a newer market for their products through e-commerce (Jethwa & Mishra, 2016). 

 

Eliminate Gender Bias: The perfect platform for fighting against the current discriminations between men and women in 

entrepreneurship is e-commerce. "Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls" is the sustainable 

development aim under Agenda 2030. By enhancing the use of ICT this aim can be achieved. The e-commerce platform 

offers women new business opportunities and increases the chance of their involvement in national and international 

commerce. Women are now accelerating growth, helping poverty reduction as well as reducing inequalities through e-

commerce (DhakaTribune, 2020). 

 

Convenience & Cost Saving: Fanggidae et al. (2019) stated that e-commerce activities are more convenient than any other 

form of business and these activities can be performed at home and require no physical shop to operate the business. One 

can receive queries and replies these queries immediately.  Privacy, safety, and security of transactions can be secured by 

maintaining passwords. It also makes the fastest business transactions which can save time and money.  

 

Investment: One of the most motivational factors to engage in e-commerce is the least investment. One can start her online 

business with minimum investment. One can come up with a unique business idea, show some creativity and can raise funds 

from personal savings or friends and families, and start her own online business (Bangladeshpost, 2021).  

 

Ease of information: Internet stores various types of data concerning business. Any women enterpriser will access the net 

through e-business route and requisite data regarding the product, its constituents, specialties, value terms of sale and 

payment, etc. with ease and speed (Jethwa & Mishra, 2016). 

 

Covid-19 Pandemic: More than before, many customers are now becoming familiar with online shopping during this 

pandemic. As a result, women are now getting much more involved in online businesses to fulfill the current demand. Due 

to the pandemic, Bangladesh witnessed a boost in online business because the pandemic accelerated the shifting towards 

the more digital world. A large number of women grab this opportunity and started an online business using skills, creativity, 

and innovation (Jahan, 2021).  

 

Government’s Roles that Influence Women to Start E-commerce  

Government of Bangladesh has taken enough initiative to promote women empowerment through e-commerce by 

introducing different schemes and policies. Some of the initiatives are given below,  

 

Including More Small Entrepreneurs under E-commerce: The pandemic has hit all businesses, big and small. Traders 

are struggling to cut losses. However, during the Covid-19 period, online business has grown at a much geometric rate. ICT 

Minister Junaid Ahmed Palak said the e-commerce sector has grown by 300 percent during this period. He said the 

government is working to bring at least 2 lakh more small entrepreneurs under e-commerce by 2023 (The Daily Star, 2021). 

 

Different Funding Projects: Many women entrepreneurs have started trying to move forward on their own initiative instead 

of conventional jobs. Various government and non-government initiatives are underway to build a startup culture in the 

country. LightCastle Analytics Wing (2020) found that the country's fast 4G internet facility is showing new dreams to 

startups. The pandemic has taught them to think differently. At the government level, 135 startups have been funded. About 

7,000 startups have stood in the last six months under the Idea project, including the government's Student to Startup 

program. 

 

Programs: Government takes different incentive programs for women empowerment. Bangladesh is a developing country 

where most of the women don’t have the personal savings to start a new business. According to Jahan (2021), for 

encouraging more women in e-commerce sector Government will provide TK 10 crore for 2000 women of our country. 

 

Role of Bangladesh Bank: State Minister for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Zunaid Ahmed Palak 

stated that Bangladesh Bank have to play two role for e-commerce sector- 1) Regulator 2) Facilitator. It is also announced 

that Bangladesh Bank will perform as a payment gateway where it will hold the buyers advance payment until the delivery 

(The Business Standard, 2021). For this, transaction will be increased and the risk will be reduced. 

 

Incentives for Exporters: The government is providing cash assistance of up to 20 percent for exports considering the 

products and the market. But most of the small entrepreneurs who export products online have no idea about this issue. They 

are being deprived of incentives. With proper training and the creation of a separate platform, the Women's E-commerce 

Forum feels it is possible to bring these small entrepreneurs under incentives (Ekushey-tv, 2021). 

 



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Internet Facilities: Four things are required for accelerates e-commerce for women and these are internet for everyone, 

adequate logistics, digital transactions, and trust. To ensure these, the government is taking the internet to rural areas. At the 

same time, the post offices are being activated. Postal department employees will be employed in this sector. A number of 

companies in the sector have been brought on the same platform to secure digital transactions. 

 

Training Programs: In the proposed budget for the fiscal year 2021-22, the finance minister said a project titled 'I will do 

e-commerce, build my own business' has been taken up at the initiative of the commerce ministry to create more employment 

opportunities by creating entrepreneurs. Under this, e-commerce training will be given to five thousand new entrepreneurs. 

About 3,500 entrepreneurs have already been trained (Bangla Tribune, 2021). 

 

Ensure E-commerce Trust & Transparency: The government is about to launch four new initiatives aimed at restoring 

trust and transparency in the e-commerce business. Unique company identity numbers for all online and Facebook-based 

firms, a common complaint management system, a central logistic tracking system, and an interoperable digital transaction 

platform are the four efforts (The Daily Star, 2022). 

 

SheMeansBusiness: ShemeansBusiness is a program in collaboration with Government, International organizations and 

private sectors institutions for promoting women economic empowerment through Facebook’s long term commitment. On 

the International Women’s Day in 2016, it was launched firstly for supporting digital female entrepreneurs.  

     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Figure 1. Working Area by September 2020 

Source: SheMeansBusiness Website 
 

Meta (Facebook) is has launched a campaign named #BuyFromHer to inspire people to buy from local women on Facebook 

and Instagram. SheMeansBusiness is launched in Bangladesh in 2022 in partnership with – 

 ICT Division’s a2i Program 

 Bangladesh Women’s Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BWCCI) 

 LightCastle Partners 

 

 
 

Figure 2. Launching Meeting of SheMeansBusiness in Bangladesh 

Source: BWCCI Website 

 

Role of Institutions (WE, E-cab, BWCCI) that Influence Women to Become Successful E-commerce Entrepreneur  

Women and E-commerce Forum (WE)      

The biggest platform of women entrepreneurs on Facebook, Women and E-commerce Forum (WE) launched in 2017. At 

present, the number of members of this page is more than 11 lakh. In the pandemic situation, about 1 million women joined 

the group. Of these, 4 lakh entrepreneurs who do not have a page joined women and e-commerce forum (WE) during the 

Covid-19. The current member of Facebook group of women and e-commerce forum (WE) is more than 1 Million (Bd-

pratidin, 2021). 

Women & e-commerce Forum (WE) addresses the needs of these female entrepreneurs. WE’s goal is to help the 

female e-commerce entrepreneurs to sustain their businesses and empower them. The role of women and e-commerce forum 

for empowering women is given below; 

Operating in 38 

Markets 

Training 1 

Million Women 

Having Global 

Network of 40 

Community 

Partners 



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 This organization works with local product because it wants to create self-independent women and promote 

local business. 

 This organization works with leaders of Bangladesh e-commerce industry for making women aware about e-

commerce. 

 It organizes different seminars, workshops, round tables, webinars and other programs. 

 For promoting local products and local businesses, this organization arranges different fairs. 

 It has software through which the member can attend training programs and this app also works with delivery 

system. 

 

 
Figure 3. WE Logo 

Source: WE Website 

 

Women and e-commerce forum has members from all over the country. Numbers of members from different divisions are 

given below; 

 

Table 1. Division Wise WE Member List 

 
DIVISION MEMBER 

Dhaka 82500 

Chottogram 20100 

Rajshahi 4700 

Sylhet 4700 

Khulna 4200 

Rangpur 2600 

Mymensingh 2300 

Barishal 2200 

         Source: WE Facebook Group 

 

E-commerce Association of Bangladesh (E-cab) 

According to E-Cab, an e-commerce business organization, e-commerce has generated at least Tk 3,000 crores in just eight 

months. The number of members of the organization is now about 1400. Besides, more than three hundred new members 

have been added during the pandemic. The business growth of many e-commerce companies has doubled in recent years 

because of changed customer habits and increased online reliance during pandemic. (news24bd, 2021). 

 

 
Figure 4. E-cab Logo 

Source: E-cab Website 

 

E-commerce Association of Bangladesh (e-CAB) is devoted to the development of the Bangladeshi e-commerce 

sector. It has been created to address the existing problems of e-commerce to ensure its growth. It also aims to serve as a 

common platform for women to provide them support and assistance. They undertake different activities including research, 

publication, training, workshop, seminars, etc., for the improvement of women in the e-commerce sector. In the time of the 

pandemic, they undertake so many initiatives for women e-commerce entrepreneurs to survive in those crises. 

 

Healthcare Helpline: A special health care helpline has been launched to allay the fears of e-Cab member organizations 

and their staff regarding corona. Through this, some doctors give health advice. Safety training is provided for companies 

that have launched services. 

 



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Online Registration System: E-Cab member organizations should be able to pay their renewal fee at home and become an 

e-Cab member without coming to the e-Cab office. That is why the e-cab registration system has been brought online. 

 

Reduce Delivery Obstacles: Some women entrepreneurs face difficulties in terms of product delivery during pandemics. 

E-Cab's president, secretary, and others have worked directly to remove those obstacles. 

 

Arrange Loan & Investment: In consultation with Prime Bank, E-Cab has already provided loans to some women to run 

their business smoothly. Citibank and BRAC's prospect project have already been added to the process. The work of raising 

credit and investment continues by connecting more financial institutions. 

 

Arrange Seminar, Webinar & Workshop: E-Cab has organized several seminars and webinars jointly and individually. 

These include joint seminars with Robi, VAT seminars, joint webinars with PayNair and Amazon, etc. Thousands of 

entrepreneurs have benefited during the coronation of online trainings and workshops. So far, 5,000 trainees have taken part 

in various trainings of e-cab. 

 

Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BWCCI) 

With the slogan "Progressive Women, Prosperous Bangladesh", the Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and 

Industry (BWCCI) was founded in June 2001 with the goal of encouraging and strengthening women's engagement in the 

private sector as entrepreneurs by fostering a women-friendly business environment. The primary aims of the BWCCI are 

to mobilize economic growth among Bangladesh's urban and rural women, to assure women's strong voice in all fields of 

economic and political activity, and to lead the country toward progress via economic, political, and social empowerment 

of women. They offer a variety of services to their members such as; 

 Training on women's business growth and skill-based training. 

 Promotion of a business online. 

 Preparedness for a bank loan. 

 Services for business counseling. 

 Product promotion. 

 Participation in trade shows. 

 Progressive BWCCI Awards. 

 

 
Figure 5. BWCCI Logo 

Source: BWCCI Website 

 

OBJECTIVES 

The major objective of this paper is to discover the role of Government of Bangladesh and different institutions for attracting 

and empowering Bangladeshi women through e-commerce. The specific objective is to discover division wise women 

participation in e- commerce, Governmental support to inspire women in this sector, training programs organized by 

different organizations, knowledge regarding different legal issues, domain and intellectual properties. The consequences 

will impact on the economy of Bangladesh by empowering women through e-commerce. The paper identifies the challenges 

and recommendations regarding different initiatives and actions of Government and Institutions for providing women of 

Bangladesh a shining future through e-commerce. 

 

METHODOLOGY 

This paper was written using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Women e-commerce entrepreneurs that operate 

their firms through various online platforms make up the study's demographic. The non-probabilistic sampling approach 

was used to calculate the sample size from this population, which was set at 100 users. This non-probabilistic sampling 

strategy enables for the selection of actual female e-commerce entrepreneurs rather than randomly selecting respondents 

who are not the target respondents. There are two types of data collecting, according to Hox and Boejje (2005): primary and 

secondary. This research is based on both primary and secondary data. A questionnaire is meant to acquire primary data 

from the sample population since the document contains both qualitative and quantitative information. Secondary data was 

gathered from a variety of websites, books, organizations, papers, and women's e-commerce experts. 

 

 



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RESULT AND DISCUSSION 

Division Wise Succesful Women E-commerce Entrepreneur 

 
Figure 6. Division Wise Succesful Women E-commerce Entrepreneur 

Source: Author's Compilation 

 

Figure 6 shows that most of the successful women e-commerce entrepreneur (almost half of the total) are living in 

Dhaka division (45%) according to the data given by respondents. Chattogram division (13%) is the second in the list, 

followed by Rajshahi division (10%). The last five position occupied by Khulna division (9%), Sylhet division (9%), 

Rangpur division (6%), Barishal division (6%) and Mymensingh division (2%) respectively. To analyze this data, total sale, 

number of order per week, income range in a month, Facebook page reach etc. are taken into consideration. In Dhaka 

division most of the entrepreneur are from Dhaka district in which maximum resides in Uttara, Dhanmondi, Mirpur area. 

The other are form Gazipur, Narayangonj, Rajbari, Tangail, Madaripur district.  

There are some reasons behind this to explain why Dhaka division has more successful entrepreneurs than other divisions. 

The reasons are, people or customer are knowledgeable and well-informed about e-commerce,  technological abundance, 

good and fast internet connection, proximity to raw materials, faster and better delivery service,  and deliver the products in 

compliance with hygiene rules.  

 

Financial Sources to Start-up 

 
Figure 7. Financial Sources to Start-up 

Source: Author's Compilation 

 

For e-commerce it is not compulsory to maintain legal issue and physical shop is not also required. As a result it 

creates the opportunity to start e-commerce with little investment. The survey reveals that 97% respondents ensure that they 

started their e-commerce from personal savings where 22% respondents used the money from family and friends. According 

to the Figure 7, it is found that 12% respondents took business loan to start this e-commerce entrepreneurship. 

Although a woman can start an online business with a small amount of money, there are still many problems. Firstly, it 

becomes almost impossible for women to get a loan without having property in their own name, or without having as much. 

As a result, women are one step behind. Secondly, it is difficult to run a business with the amount of money that women get 

on bank loans. Thirdly, the last hope is the money they have in their hands or some money received from the family. As a 

result, very few women can express themselves as an entrepreneur. 

 

Governmental Support 

 
                   Figure 8. Governmental Support 

 Source: Author's Compilation 



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Government are supporting to encourage women empowerment through e-commerce through different initiatives with the 

help of ministry of information and communication technology (ICT), Bangladesh Bank and other Governmental 

institutions.  But according to the Figure 8, it is found that 88% of the respondents did not get any Governmental support 

when they started e-commerce entrepreneurship. Only 12% respondents received Governmental support.  

Women who don't receive governmental support, most of them are from rural areas. They are deprived of the 

necessary facilities due to lack of knowledge about government support and facilities. So, they want to make a profit using 

other means. 

 

Training Programs 

 
Figure 9. Training Programs 

Source: Author's Compilation 

 

While COVID-19 is creating complications and challenges, it is also creating opportunities to transform digitally. 

Different online training for women e-commerce entrepreneurs is organized by different Government and Non-government 

institutions. Women and e-commerce forum (WE) organizes different master class and training session for these women 

during the pandemic period. According to the Figure 9, it is found that 56% of the respondent took different training session 

to start their business or to enhance their business. They are trained on online marketing, delivery system, payment method, 

customer service and pricing method. However, it is also noted that 44% of respondents had no training. They started their 

business with their knowledge of business. Through these training people many women got the opportunity to expand their 

businesses and selling multiple product line. 

 

Legal Issue (Trademark) 

 
Figure 10. Legal Issue (Trademark) 

Source: Author's Compilation 
 

Trade license provides the permission to sellers to sell their product in a particular area. Trade license is provided 

by the Government agencies and without trade license, commercial activities become illegal. According to the Figure 10, 

only 8% of the respondents have trade license where Government is planning to make trade license compulsory for e-

commerce. Among the respondent, the majority (92%) don’t have any legal issue like trade license. 

Business can never be carried forward without a trade license. An entrepreneur must show a trade license when sending a 

product out of the country. Again, when the entrepreneur wants to do any training or want to receive governmental support, 

she has to show the trade license. But most of the women don’t have this because they are not properly aware of this. 

 

Domain/ Intellectual Property Issues 

 
Figure 11. Domain/ Intellectual Issues 

Source: Author's Compilation 
 

There are different types of intellectual property like copyrights, patents, trademarks and others. Copyright protects 

database and website design where trademark protects business name, product name, logo etc. For e-commerce based 



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business intellectual property (IP) is considered one of the valuable assets which enhance the value of e-commerce business 

s. According to the Figure 11, it is represented that 85% of the respondents don’t have any intellectual property. But 5% 

respondents has domain where 5% respondents has trademarks. Some of the respondents have copyright and the percentage 

is only 5%. 

It is very important to buy a domain for the website. Many times it is seen that the business may have gained 

popularity, but when go to open the website, it is seen that someone else has already taken the domain with this name. As a 

result, it is important to confirm the domain name of the organization, at least buy the domain even if do not plan to open 

the website now. Most of the women online entrepreneurs don’t think about future so they don’t buy any domain or 

intellectual property. 

 

CONCLUSION AND POLICY RECOMMENDATION 

Today, men as well as women are contributing equally to the development of Bangladesh. Women are proving their skills 

in different professions. The government is also determined to take the women community forward. In this situation, if 

women do not get the help of the people concerned, their way forward will be blocked and the steps of the government will 

be hampered. The government is encouraging women to come forward at all levels, we need the cooperation of all levels of 

society and the state. 

The following policy recommendations could be helpful for The Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh for 

mitigating their challenges and making this sector more profitable. The policies are; 

 There is no way to solve the lack of capital without capital. The business needs to be started with the money saved 

in this field and the money received from the family. After starting the business, the business can be expanded with 

a bank loan. 

 In many ways, Government can support without direct funding such as simple policies, tax exemptions, easy 

business space, capital assistance, assistance in transportation of goods or assistance in finding buyers. 

 For receiving SME Bank Loan or ICT Grant, there are 3 things must do first.  

o Trade license  

o Tin certificate  

o A bank account in the name of business  

 

If they don't have these 3 things first, they can't apply for any government support, so it is required to make everyone 

interested to accept them. 

 For creating a shining future for the women e-commerce entrepreneurs in our country, it is required to take proper 

initiatives regarding the training program and financial or other support like export and courier service, workshop, 

soft skill training, master class etc. to make them more confident. 

 Entrepreneurs need to handle e-mail, social media, online traffic, SMS service, telephone call etc. So women need 

to follow appropriate verification process like- one time password, biometrics. Single sign in, two factor 

authentication and other procedures which provide the accurate information about their identity verification and 

protect their e-commerce site. 

 As the women participation is increasing in the e-commerce sector dramatically, it is required a legal framework 

to enhance the online transactions regarding- electronic contracting, dispute resolution, intellectual property, 

cybercrime, consumer protection and other aspects. 

When a women starts online working, it is normal for her to have various fears in the first place. No matter how skilled 

and qualified she is in that work. And in that case she needs more support. It could be from people close to you, maybe from 

some other entrepreneur. Appropriate laws and policies should be formulated to remove obstacles including personal 

assistance, institutional assistance, banking assistance, interest free loan assistance etc. 

 
 
Author Contributions: Conceptualization, A.M., M.A.I., T.H.B. and M.S.R.; Data Curation, A.M., M.A.I., T.H.B. and M.S.R.; Methodology, A.M. and 

M.A.I.; Validation, A.M. and M.A.I.; Visualization, A.M. and M.A.I.; Formal Analysis, A.M. and M.A.I.; Investigation, A.M. and M.A.I.; Resources, 

A.M. and M.A.I.; Writing – Original Draft, A.M. and M.A.I.; Writing – Review & Editing, A.M. and M.A.I.; Supervision, A.M. and M.A.I.; Software, 
A.M. and M.A.I.; Project Administration, A.M. and M.A.I.; Funding Acquisition, A.M., M.A.I., T.H.B. and M.S.R. Authors have read and agreed to the 

published version of the manuscript. 

Institutional Review Board Statement: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study, due to that the research does not deal with vulnerable 
groups or sensitive issues. 

Funding: The authors received no direct funding for this research. 

Informed Consent Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. 
Data Availability Statement: The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available 

due to restrictions. 

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

 

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