




































American International Journal of Agricultural Studies  

Vol. 4, No. 1; 2021 

ISSN 2641-4155   E-ISSN 2641-418X 

Published by American Center of Science and Education, USA 

 

 21  

RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT STORAGE CONTAINERS IN RICE 

GENOTYPES DURING STORAGE  
 

 

Dr. Sanjoy Kumar Bordolui 

Assistant Professor 

Department of Seed Science and Technology 

Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya 

Mohanpur - 741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India 

E-mail: sanjoy_bordolui@rediffmail.com 

 

Nagapuri Sachin Kumar  

PG Student 

Department of Seed Science and Technology 

 Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya 

Mohanpur - 741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India 

E-mail: sachinnagapuri@gmail.com 

 

Dr. Kanu Murmu 

Assistant Professor 

Department of Agronomy 

 Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya 

Mohanpur - 741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India 

E-mail: kanumurmu@gmail.com 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

Rice is the staple food of more than half the world’s population and is being cultivated in Asia 

since ancient time’s generation after generation. Good quality seeds are the seeds of the green 

revolution, it has been assertively and emphatically shown that 15-20% increased yield could be 

achieved by the use of good quality seeds alone. Good quality seed is one of the most important 

requirements for production and supply to achieve higher production and productivity in any 

crop. The seed quality is depended on various factors Viz. genetic, edaphic, environmental, 

biotic, etc. Good quality seed production depends on complex conditions evoking the most 

favorable interactions between the genetic makeup of the seed and the environment, under which 

it is produced, harvested, processed, and stored. Seeds undergo deterioration at various levels 

during storage resulting in a decline in vigor and viability. With the above considerations, the 

present investigation has been undertaken to observe the potentials of ten rice genotypes and 

observed its seed quality after harvesting in 2016-2017 at Seed Testing Laboratory, Department 

of Seed Science and Technology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, 

West Bengal, India. Just after harvesting G2 (Gobindabhog) and G9 (IR-36) showed highest 

germination percentage (97.66) and G9 (IR-36) showed highest Vigor index (3204.13). But most 

of the varieties germination and vigor were nearer to G2 & G9. Among the containers with seed 

moisture content aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content, 8% is the best storage 

http://www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijas
mailto:kanumurmu@gmail.com


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container for rice among the other containers as up to one-year storage vigor index was 

observed highest in that conditions. 

 

Keywords: Containers, Germination, Rice, Storage, Vigor. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the major staple food and is being cultivated in Asia since 

ancient time’s generation after generation. The landraces and wild species, the genetic resources 

of rice also include the natural hybrids and a range of different genetic stocks comprising 

commercial and absolute varieties (Biswas et al., 2020). Seeds undergo deterioration at various 

levels during storage resulting in decline in a vigor and viability (Bordolui et al., 2015). The loss 

of viability during storage due to atmospheric factors from the time of maturity is a common 

phenomenon in all crop seeds until the next planting season (Ramanadane et al., 2005; Chandra 

et al., 2006). The deterioration leading to a loss in viability of seed may affect the yield of the 

crop in two ways: firstly, decrease in germination may lead to a suboptimal population of plants 

per unit area, secondly poor performance by the surviving plants (Roberts, 1972). Maintenance 

of viability, vigor, and storability of seeds is a problem in tropical regions where high 

temperature and high relative humidity accelerate seed deterioration which ultimately results in 

non-viability (Bordolui et al., 2018). Over the years, researchers have, involved themselves to 

develop more suitable techniques to keep the seed healthy, viable, and vigorous during storage. 

With this available background information, the present investigation is proposed to evaluate the 

morphology and quality of produced seeds. 

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS 
The panicles of ten rice genotypes Giz, Kailash (G1), Gobindabhog (G2), Kalma (G3), 

Dudheswar(G4), Malabati (G5), Kanakchur (G6), Kalojira (G7), Radhatilak (G8), IR-36 (G9) and 

Pusa-1509 (G10) were collected from the trial plot of Gontra village, Nadia, West Bengal. The 

laboratory experiment was carried out in seed testing laboratory, Department of Seed Science 

and Technology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, India, 

during 2016-2017. Immediately after harvesting, seeds were properly sun-dried to its safe 

moisture content of rice seed collected from control plot of individual genotype for each 

replication were kept in four different packaging materials and one condition Viz., Different 

treatments were earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture 

content 10%- T2, aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 10%- T3, aluminum foil 

packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4 and polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- 

T5. Different seed quality parameters such as root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling length 

(cm), germination percentage, and vigor index were recorded/determined at the pre-storage 

condition as well as at every three months interval up to one year of storage (Bordolui et al., 

2006). The seedling vigor index was computed using the formula suggested by Abdul Baki and 

Anderson (1973) and data were analyzed by employing CRD through SASSA, DMRT. 

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 
Among the genotypes, significant variation was recorded for test weight, seedling root 

length, fresh weight, and dry weight only. Among the genotypes mean value of test weight 

varied from 11.84g for G2 to 22.27 for G1, and the deviation from the mean value was recorded 

from1.00 to 1.53. Constitution of different groups was: group A was constituted with single 



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genotypes G10, B with two constituents G1 & G3, group C with G4 & G9 and remaining 

genotypes constituted group D. Average seedling shoot length varied from 10.81cm G1 to 14.76 

cm G7. As the genotypes displayed non-significant variation in performance for this character, 

they formed a single group A. For G2, while G9 exhibited the highest root length (19.94 cm) and 

it was the lowest (11.24 cm) for G2, while the deviation from the mean value varied from 0.57 to 

4.10. The genotypes formed different groups as G1 was grouped under DC, G2 was under D, G3 

under AB group, BAC was formed with G4 ,  G5 and G7, while G6 and G8 were grouped under 

BCD, and  G10 & G9 were grouped under AB and A respectively. Seedling fresh weighs highest 

(1.60g) for G9 and it was lowest (1.25g) for G2. As the genotypes displayed significant variation 

performance for this character, they formed different groups: G1 was grouped under the H group, 

G2 was grouped under J, both G3 and G9 were grouped under A, G4 was grouped under G, G5 

was grouped under B, G6 was grouped under E, G7 was grouped under F, G8 was grouped under 

I, and G10 was grouped under C. While considering seedling dry weight the mean value was 

highest (0.95g) for G4 and lowest (0.52g) for G8. The genotypes constituted different groups with 

varying constituents: the genotype G1 was grouped under F, G2 was under G, G5 was under B, G4 

was under A, G3 and G9 were under C, G7 was under E, G6 was under D, G8 was under I group, 

and G10 was grouped under H group. Maximum germination (97.66%) was recorded for both G2 

and G9 though non-significant and it was minimum (96.66%) for G5, G7, and G3, while the 

deviation from the mean value varied from 0.52 to 1.15. The genotypes failed to constitute 

different groups due to their highest magnitude for vigor index (3204.13) was recorded for G9 

and it was lowest for G10 (2009.17). Though non-significant variation among genotypes was 

noted for this character, genotype G1 was grouped under B, G2 was grouped under C, G3 and G9 

were under A group, and G10 was grouped under BA, G8 was grouped under BAC.  

So, harvested fresh seeds of G2 (Gobindabhog) & G9 (IR-36) showed the highest 

germination percentage and that of G9 (IR-36) showed the highest Vigor index. There is no effect 

of different storage containers in fresh harvest seed. 

 

Table 1. Mean value with standard deviation for test weight, seedling root-shoot   length and 

fresh, dry weight, germination (%) and vigor index of the genotypes at harvest fresh condition. 
 

Genotypes Test weight 

(g) 

Mean±SD 

Shoot length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Root length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Fresh 

weight (g) 

Mean± SD 

Dry 

Weight (g) 

Mean± SD 

Germination% 

Mean± SD 

G.I. Mean± SD 

G1 22.27B±1.53  10.81A±3.05  13.0DC±0.57  1.29H±0.00 0.63F±0.00 97.00A±1.00 2312.86B±335.36 

G2 11.84D±1.53  11.44A±1.52  11.24D±0.57  1.25J±00.0 0.63G±0.00 97.66A±0.57 2216.49C±152.66 

G3 21.38B±1.53  13.57A±2.51  18.82AB±0.57  1.45A±0.00 0.91C±0.00 96.66A±0.57 3137.92A±259.12 

G4 18.05C±1.53  13.78A±2.51  16.98BAC±1.52  1.30G±0.00 0.95A±00.0 97.00A±1.00 2986.70BA±397.35 

G5 13.89D±1.53  13.85A±2.51  17.18BAC±2.30  1.52B±0.00 0.92B±0.00 96.66A±0.57 3001.82BA±463.24 

G6 13.51D±1.53  12.86A±2.51 15.29BCD±4.10  1.38E±0.00 0.85D±0.00 97.00A±1.00 2981.82BA±575.41 

G7 13.47D±1.53  14.76A ±2.51  16.81ABC±3.21  1.31F±0.00 0.72E±0.00 96.66A±0.57 3053.30BA±541.44 

G8 12.74D±1.53  12.60A±2.51  15.32BCD±4.58  1.26I±0.00 0.52I±0.00 97.33A±1.15 2721.45BAC±618.78 

G9 18.44C±1.00  12.85A±2.51  19.94A±0.57  1.60A±0.00 0.91C±0.00 97.66A±0.57 3204.13A±271.25 

G10 13.49A±1.53  13.24A±2  17.65AB±3.21  1.50C±0.00 0.62H±0.00 97.33A±1.15 2009.17BA±502.70 

SEm (±) 0.331 0.547 0.583 0.01 0.01 0.191 97.694 

LSD (0.05) 1.1262* NS 1.4414* 0.027 * 0.026 * NS NS 
NB: Kailash- G1, Gobindabhog- G2, Kalma- G3, Dudheswar-G4, Malabati- G5, Kanakchur- G6, Kalojira- G7, Radhatilak- G8, IR-

36- G9 and  Pusa-1509- G10.  



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Table 2. Mean values for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, 

germination (%), and vigor index of the genotypes stored in different containers at three months 

after storage 

 

Genotypes with 

treatments 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Root 

length 

(cm) 

Fresh 

weight (g) 

Dry 

weight (g) 

Germination 

(%) 

Vigor 

index 

T1G1 10.50 18.11 0.24 0.07 89.00 2548.62 

T1G2 6.24 9.12 0.41 0.04 91.00 1395.95 

T1G3 13.40 16.43 0.25 0.08 90.67 2705.20 

T1G4 8.96 12.42 0.22 0.05 91.00 1949.28 

T1G5 9.80 17.56 0.24 0.05 93.00 2545.28 

T1G6 7.14 9.16 0.23 0.05 90.00 1468.76 

T1G7 8.22 10.12 0.35 0.08 91.67 1683.45 

T1G8 6.42 8.50 0.13 0.04 88.67 1320.96 

T1G9 9.35 18.61 0.16 0.06 91.33 2579.19 

T1G10 12.83 20.02 0.29 0.11 91.33 2995.17 

T2G1 9.29 16.96 0.21 0.07 88.67 2323.13 

T2G2 6.05 7.79 0.09 0.02 91.00 1257.41 

T2G3 11.07 16.40 0.15 0.06 91.33 2512.09 

T2G4 8.06 13.93 0.17 0.06 90.00 1979.61 

T2G5 10.17 18.61 0.26 0.07 91.00 2616.23 

T2G6 5.64 8.81 0.15 0.03 91.67 1326.49 

T2G7 5.73 9.04 0.13 0.03 90.33 1334.85 

T2G8 8.18 11.20 0.21 0.04 89.00 1725.63 

T2G9 13.52 16.85 0.17 0.07 91.00 2764.77 

T2G10 13.28 19.42 0.25 0.09 90.67 2962.96 

T3G1 8.50 20.95 0.14 0.06 90.33 2661.55 

T3G2 7.20 9.58 0.40 0.04 90.33 1515.01 

T3G3 8.29 13.84 0.22 0.07 88.33 1955.78 

T3G4 8.59 14.71 0.15 0.05 89.00 2075.33 

T3G5 8.28 15.65 0.14 0.06 89.67 2144.90 

T3G6 7.16 10.09 0.16 0.08 91.33 1575.38 

T3G7 9.06 9.51 0.11 0.04 91.33 1695.01 

T3G8 7.27 11.44 0.15 0.06 90.00 1685.12 

T3G9 11.68 19.11 0.17 0.04 91.67 2821.88 

T3G10 12.97 19.94 0.34 0.01 91.33 3003.39 

T4G1 8.93 20.83 0.15 0.06 90.67 2697.18 

T4G2 9.17 11.75 0.38 0.05 92.00 1926.89 

T4G3 8.12 13.52 0.20 0.05 91.00 1964.60 

T4G4 8.35 14.48 0.17 0.05 91.33 2084.28 

T4G5 8.24 16.25 0.14 0.05 91.67 2246.01 

T4G6 7.03 9.26 0.19 0.05 91.67 1494.59 



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T4G7 8.49 9.51 0.10 0.13 90.67 1634.22 

T4G8 7.77 11.52 0.15 0.04 90.67 1759.74 

T4G9 11.54 18.75 0.15 0.05 91.33 2764.78 

T4G10 15.68 14.10 0.40 0.08 92.67 3064.73 

T5G1 8.59 20.68 0.13 0.07 88.00 2577.61 

T5G2 8.84 12.88 0.50 0.05 90.00 1954.80 

T5G3 8.01 13.34 0.19 0.07 91.00 1943.07 

T5G4 8.00 14.11 0.16 0.05 91.67 2025.62 

T5G5 8.36 15.91 0.15 0.06 89.00 2159.39 

T5G6 7.47 10.13 0.19 0.05 91.67 1612.81 

T5G7 8.29 9.35 0.09 0.05 90.67 1598.37 

T5G8 7.91 11.39 0.14 0.04 89.00 1718.86 

T5G9 11.17 18.52 0.15 0.04 92.00 2732.08 

T5G10 12.47 19.96 0.33 0.08 90.67 2944.03 

SEm(±)  0.177 0.132 0.012 0.009 0.063 18.57 

LSD(0.05)  0.501 0.403 0.037 0.028 0.191 55.28 
NB: Kailash- G1, Gobindabhog- G2, Kalma- G3, Dudheswar-G4, Malabati- G5, Kanakchur- G6, Kalojira- G7, Radhatilak- G8, IR-

36- G9 and Pusa-1509- G10. Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 10%- T3, aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and 

polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
At three months after storage, the longest seedling shoot length was found for T1G10 

(15.68 cm) and it was shortest for T2G6 (5.64 cm). In the case of root length T3G1 (20.95 cm) 

recorded as highest and T2G2 (7.79 cm) as lowest performed for this character. The fresh weight 

of seedling was the highest for T1G2 (0.41g) and lowest for T5G1, T2G7 & T1G8 (0.13g). Seedling 

dry weight was recorded as highest for T4G7 (0.13g) and lowest for T3G10 (0.01g). Maximum 

germination percentage (93.00) was recorded for T1G5 and it was lowest (88.00) for T5G1. But 

for the vigor index, it was high as (3064.73) for T4G10 and (1257.41) as lowest for T2G2. 

So, it can be concluded that T1G5 (Malabati stored in earthen pot with seed moisture 

content 10%) exhibited the highest germination percentage followed by T1G10, T5G9, and T4G2 at 

three months after storage and T4G10 (Pusa-1509 stored in an aluminum foil packet with seed 

moisture content 8%) recorded highest vigor index followed by T3G10 and T2G9 in comparison to 

other combination. 

 

Table 3. Mean values with standard deviation for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, 

dry weight, germination percentage, and vigor index of storage containers at three months after 

storage 
 

Treatments No of 

Geno 

Shoot 

length (cm) 

Mean±SD  

Root length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Fresh 

weight (g) 

Mean±SD 

Dry weight 

(g) Mean±SD 

Germination 

(%)  

Mean±SD 

GI Mean±SD 

T1  10 9.57A±3.02 13.41A±4.06 0.60A±1.11 0.06A± 0.016 90.9A±1.40 2126.14A±633.91 

T2 10 9.09A±2.91 13.90A±4.36 0.25A±0.20 0.054A±0.022 90.46A±0.98 2080.31A±642.66 

T3 10 8.90A±1.94 14.48A±4.37 0.28A±0.24 0.051A±0.019 90.33A±1.11 2113.33A±540.34 

T4 10 9.05A±1.78 14.58A±4.23 0.27A±0.24 0.094A±0.119 91.23A±0.47 2156.74A±509.55 



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T5 10 8.91A±1.60 14.62A±4.02 0.28A±0.23 0.056A±0.013 90.36A±1.34 2126.66A±473.98 

SEm (±) 0.347 0.627 0.078 0.164 0.165 13.01 

LSD (0.05) NS NS NS NS NS NS 
NB: Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, aluminum foil packet- T3, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
 At three months after storage, variation in the potentiality of storage containers for 

seedling shoot length, root length, vigor index, dry weight, and germination percentage were 

non-significant. All the genotypes belonged under a single group for all the characters studied. 

The mean value of shoot length was ranged from 8.90 cm to 9.57 cm, and T1 and T3 recorded as 

the highest and lowest values respectively. The deviation from the mean value ranged from 1.60 

to 3.02. The average longest root (14.62 cm) was found for T5 and it was shortest for T1 

(13.41cm).  The deviation from the mean value was 4.02 to 4.37.  In the case of seedling fresh 

weight, maximum value (0.60g) was recorded for T1 and lowest (0.25g) for T2. The deviation 

from the mean value ranged from 0.20 to 1.11 and T1 showed the highest. Maximum seedling dry 

weight (0.094g) was noted for T4 and it was lowest (0.051g) for T3. The deviation from the mean 

value ranged from 0.016 to 0.119. The mean value of germination percentage was as maximum 

as (91.23) for T4 and as minimum as (90.33) for T3. With the deviation ranging from 0.47 to 1.40 

and the highest vigor index (2156.74) was determined after T4 and it was the lowest (2080.31) 

for T2. The deviation from the mean value ranged from 473.98 to 642.66.  

At three months after storage, T4 (aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%), 

Average over genotypes, recorded both highest germination (%) and vigor index followed by T1 

and T2 for germination (%) and T5 and T4 for vigor index. So, at three months after storage T4 

(aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%) is best.   

   

Table 4. Mean values for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, 

germination (%), and vigor index of the genotypes stored in different containers at six months 

after storage 

 

Genotypes with 

treatments 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Root 

length 

(cm) 

Fresh 

weight (g) 

Dry 

weight (g) 

Germination 

(%) 

Vigor 

index 

T1G1 9.55 17.68 0.13 0.06 88.33 2400.67 

T1G2 5.42 8.15 0.11 0.03 90.67 1250.19 

T1G3 12.22 15.11 0.17 0.07 90.00 2460.54 

T1G4 8.57 10.74 0.17 0.03 91.33 1767.24 

T1G5 8.26 14.22 0.18 0.04 88.00 1979.02 

T1G6 6.59 7.98 0.20 0.02 89.00 1297.86 

T1G7 7.08 10.20 0.14 0.02 89.33 1538.08 

T1G8 6.67 9.46 0.12 0.03 89.67 1442.72 

T1G9 8.88 16.96 0.17 0.04 91.00 2350.69 

T1G10 14.18 15.18 0.36 0.05 91.00 2673.90 

T2G1 8.14 14.59 0.31 0.06 89.00 2022.72 

T2G2 5.03 7.70 0.27 0.11 89.33 1140.47 

T2G3 12.12 16.85 0.19 0.07 88.67 2559.49 

T2G4 6.57 11.88 0.28 0.05 90.33 1664.89 



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T2G5 8.98 16.84 0.23 0.05 90.00 2316.53 

T2G6 5.07 7.87 0.28 0.09 89.33 1158.40 

T2G7 5.02 6.60 0.10 0.02 88.33 1025.59 

T2G8 5.91 10.24 0.15 0.04 90.00 1453.53 

T2G9 12.98 16.47 0.13 0.04 90.67 2670.40 

T2G10 12.45 16.95 0.18 0.07 91.33 2684.50 

T3G1 7.48 17.85 0.11 0.04 89.67 2268.26 

T3G2 6.75 10.78 0.38 0.04 88.33 1548.43 

T3G3 7.12 12.38 0.15 0.07 89.33 1744.18 

T3G4 7.88 13.85 0.15 0.07 88.33 1920.46 

T3G5 8.01 15.29 0.08 0.03 88.67 2068.04 

T3G6 6.68 9.48 0.26 0.02 88.00 1422.46 

T3G7 8.01 8.85 0.10 0.04 88.00 1483.66 

T3G8 7.50 10.58 0.31 0.10 90.00 1626.36 

T3G9 11.28 18.74 0.18 0.03 91.67 2751.47 

T3G10 12.21 18.54 0.40 0.12 91.67 2823.17 

T4G1 8.29 10.42 0.28 0.05 88.00 1637.53 

T4G2 6.03 9.26 0.14 0.04 88.33 1351.46 

T4G3 7.79 12.52 0.16 0.03 88.33 1790.72 

T4G4 7.57 15.25 0.14 0.05 89.33 2039.80 

T4G5 7.49 9.37 0.11 0.03 89.33 1506.12 

T4G6 8.35 14.48 0.17 0.05 89.33 2039.17 

T4G7 12.32 19.42 0.29 0.08 86.67 2748.50 

T4G8 7.89 11.52 0.15 0.04 87.67 1700.29 

T4G9 8.93 20.18 0.15 0.06 90.33 2625.27 

T4G10 11.54 18.75 0.15 0.05 91.00 2759.76 

T5G1 7.92 20.68 0.11 0.07 88.00 2514.66 

T5G2 8.14 12.88 0.29 0.05 87.67 1840.59 

T5G3 7.84 13.34 0.19 0.07 87.67 1858.03 

T5G4 7.07 14.11 0.16 0.05 89.00 1888.95 

T5G5 7.36 15.91 0.15 0.06 88.33 2054.72 

T5G6 7.80 10.15 0.19 0.05 88.33 1585.50 

T5G7 8.29 9.35 0.29 0.05 88.00 1552.71 

T5G8 7.91 11.39 0.14 0.04 87.67 1692.24 

T5G9 11.18 18.52 0.15 0.04 90.00 2671.24 

T5G10 12.40 19.96 0.33 0.08 91.33 2951.48 

SEm(±)  0.172 0.128 0.012 0.009 0.051 17.76 

LSD(0.05)  0.501 0.399 0.036 0.026 0.152 51.77 
NB: Kailash- G1, Gobindabhog- G2, Kalma- G3, Dudheswar-G4, Malabati- G5, Kanakchur- G6, Kalojira- G7, Radhatilak- G8, IR-

36- G9 and Pusa-1509- G10. Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 10%- T3, aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and 

polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
At six months after storage, the longest root was noted (20.68 cm) for T5G1 and it was 

lowest for T2G7 (6.60 cm). Shoot length was highest for T1G10 (14.18 cm) and lowest for T2G7 

(5.02 cm). The highest fresh weight of seedling was observed for T3G10 (0.40 g) and lowest for 



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T3G5 (0.08g). While maximum dry weight (0.12g) was noted for T3G10 and the lowest were 

found for T3G6 T2G7 T1G6 and T1G7 (0.02g). After six months of storage germination percentage 

was highest in both T3G10 and T3G9 (91.67) and lowest for T4G7 (86.67). Vigor index was 

recorded as maximum as (2951.48) for T5G10 and lowest for T2G2 (1140.47). 

So, it can be concluded that T3G9 (IR-36 store in the aluminum foil packet) showed the 

highest germination percentage followed by T1G4 and T3G10 (Pusa-1509 stored in the aluminum 

foil packet) at six months after storage and T5G10 (Pusa-1509 stored in polythene packet with 

seed moisture content 10%) recorded highest Vigor index followed by T4G7 and T3G10 in 

comparison to other combination.  

 

Table 5. Mean Value with standard deviation for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, 

dry weight, germination (%) and vigor index of storage containers at six months after storage 

 
Treatments No 

of 

Geno 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Root length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Fresh weight 

(g) 

Mean±SD 

Dry weight (g) 

Mean±SD 

Germination% 

Mean±SD 

GI Mean±SD 

T1  10 8.74A±2.69  12.56A±3.66  0.17B±0.071  0.039B±0.016  89.83A±1.16  1916.09A±528.42  

T2 10 8.22A±3.24  12.59A±4.24  0.19AB±0.072 0.107A±0.079  89.69A±0.93  1869.65A±664.10  

T3 10 8.29A±1.89  13.63A±3.79  0.33A±0.281  0.056AB±0.033  89.36AB±1.39  1965.64A±507.99  

T4 10 8.59A±1.74  14.62A±4.01  0.23AB±0.143  0.056AB±0.013  88.60B±1.20  2061.01A±484.31  

T5 10 8.62A±1.90  14.11A±4.17  0.25AB±0.224  0.088AB±0.12  88.83AB±1.28  2019.86A±522.51  

SEm(±) 0.353 0.594 0.026 0.010 0.179 81.265 

LSD (0.05) NS NS NS NS NS NS 
NB: Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, aluminum foil packet- T3, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
At six months after storage, treatments over genotypes shoot length was highest in T1 

(8.74 cm) and T2, (8.22 cm) was showed lowest. The deviation from the mean value was ranged 

from 1.74 to 3.24 and the T2 was the highest and all genotypes were non-significant in variation 

for this trait. Genotypes were grouped under the same group i.e A group. In the case of root 

length T5 (14.62 cm) showed the highest and T1, (12.56 cm) was showed the lowest and the 

deviation from the mean value was ranged from 3.66 to 4.24 and the T2 was showed the highest 

and all genotypes were non-significant variation. All genotypes were grouped under the same 

group i.e. under A.  In fresh weight T3, (0.33g) showed highest and T1 (0.17g) showed lowest. 

The deviation from the mean value ranged from 0.071 to 0.281 and T3 was highest and the 

genotypes showed non-significant variation T1, which was grouped under B, T2, T4, and T5 were 

grouped under AB, T3 was grouped under A.  Dry weight was recorded highest in T2 (0.107g) 

and lowest in T1 was shows lowest (0.039g). The deviation from the mean value ranged from 

0.013 to 0.079 and T2 was showed highest and showed the non-significant variation. T1 was 

grouped under B, T2 grouped under A. T3, T4, and T5 were grouped under AB.  Germination 

percentage was highest in T1 (89.83) and T5 lowest in (88.60). The deviation from the mean 

value ranged from 0.93 to 1.39 and T3 showed the highest. The treatments were non-significant 

variation. The treatments were grouped under two groups. T1 and T2 were grouped under A.T3 



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and T4 were grouped under A B, T5 was grouped under B group. Among the genotypes, vigor 

index found the highest T4 (2061.01) and the lowest in T2 (1869.65). The deviation from the 

mean value ranged from 664.10 to 484.31.T2 was shows highest. The treatments over genotypes 

were non-significant variation and all genotypes were grouped under A. 

At six months after storage, T1 (earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%) preferred 

best for germination percentage followed by T2 & T3 while T4 (aluminum foil packet with seed 

moisture content 8%), performed best for Vigor index followed by T5 and T3. So, at six months 

after storage T4 (aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%) could be identified as best 

with joint consideration of germination (%) and vigor index. 

 

Table 6.  Mean values for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, 

germination (%) and vigor index of the genotypes stored in different containers at nine months 

after storage 

 

Genotypes with 

treatments 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Root 

length 

(cm) 

Fresh 

weight (g) 

Dry 

weight (g) 

Germination 

(%) 

Vigor 

index 

T1G1 9.22 17.68 0.13 0.06 88.33 2379.17 

T1G2 5.29 8.15 0.11 0.03 88.00 1182.84 

T1G3 12.22 15.11 0.13 0.07 87.67 2395.22 

T1G4 7.93 10.76 0.14 0.03 88.67 1687.30 

T1G5 7.93 14.03 0.06 0.04 87.67 1921.16 

T1G6 7.25 7.98 0.20 0.02 88.00 1341.52 

T1G7 6.91 9.93 0.14 0.02 87.67 1478.53 

T1G8 6.67 9.29 0.11 0.03 86.33 1376.89 

T1G9 8.88 17.96 0.17 0.04 90.00 2417.42 

T1G10 13.87 15.07 0.36 0.05 89.33 2586.79 

T2G1 8.04 14.51 0.31 0.06 89.00 2004.72 

T2G2 5.03 7.70 0.27 0.04 87.67 1115.54 

T2G3 9.14 16.74 0.20 0.02 87.33 2258.05 

T2G4 6.50 11.81 0.28 0.08 88.00 1609.38 

T2G5 8.91 16.80 0.22 0.03 87.33 2247.10 

T2G6 5.07 7.87 0.11 0.03 88.33 1144.31 

T2G7 4.71 6.53 0.10 0.02 87.33 981.48 

T2G8 5.67 10.24 0.14 0.04 86.67 1378.59 

T2G9 11.74 16.47 0.13 0.04 90.33 2518.17 

T2G10 12.34 16.78 0.18 0.07 90.00 2622.17 

T3G1 7.21 17.85 0.11 0.04 87.00 2178.13 

T3G2 6.75 10.71 0.38 0.04 87.00 1519.48 

T3G3 7.15 11.21 0.12 0.07 86.67 1592.63 

T3G4 7.81 13.80 0.15 0.06 87.33 1886.77 

T3G5 7.97 13.44 0.08 0.03 87.33 1868.30 



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T3G6 6.68 9.41 0.26 0.02 86.67 1395.95 

T3G7 8.01 8.85 0.28 0.04 88.00 1482.49 

T3G8 7.37 10.58 0.29 0.10 87.33 1567.36 

T3G9 11.14 18.41 0.18 0.03 87.67 2592.99 

T3G10 12.21 18.54 0.40 0.12 87.33 2685.01 

T4G1 8.20 10.42 0.28 0.05 85.67 1593.48 

T4G2 5.65 9.26 0.14 0.04 86.67 1289.22 

T4G3 7.54 11.82 0.16 0.03 86.33 1667.16 

T4G4 6.91 14.91 0.14 0.05 87.67 1913.34 

T4G5 7.49 9.37 0.09 0.06 86.67 1462.78 

T4G6 8.35 13.48 0.17 0.05 88.33 1928.32 

T4G7 12.32 17.42 0.29 0.08 87.00 2590.28 

T4G8 7.89 11.52 0.15 0.04 87.00 1687.76 

T4G9 8.93 18.51 0.15 0.06 88.00 2415.18 

T4G10 11.54 16.09 0.15 0.05 88.00 2434.51 

T5G1 7.59 16.34 0.11 0.07 86.33 2068.93 

T5G2 8.14 12.21 0.29 0.04 86.33 1754.77 

T5G3 7.84 12.74 0.19 0.06 87.67 1804.47 

T5G4 7.03 13.11 0.15 0.05 85.67 1725.30 

T5G5 7.36 13.91 0.15 0.06 86.00 1828.77 

T5G6 7.50 10.15 0.19 0.04 85.00 1502.26 

T5G7 8.29 9.35 0.27 0.05 87.33 1542.29 

T5G8 7.91 11.39 0.14 0.04 88.33 1704.23 

T5G9 10.18 15.86 0.15 0.04 88.33 2301.62 

T5G10 12.40 16.74 0.33 0.08 89.33 2603.05 

SEm(±)  0.169 0.123 0.011 0.008 0.054 17.64 

LSD(0.05)  0.495 0.379 0.035 0.023 0.150 52.85 

NB: Kailash- G1, Gobindabhog- G2, Kalma- G3, Dudheswar-G4, Malabati- G5, Kanakchur- G6, Kalojira- G7, Radhatilak- G8, IR-

36- G9 and Pusa-1509- G10. Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 10%- T3, aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and 

polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 

After nine months of seed storage of ten genotypes in a different containers, maximum 

shoot length was observed for T1G10 (13.87 cm) and minimum for T2G7 (4.71 cm). Root length 

was maximum for T3G10 (18.54 cm) and minimum for T2G7 (6.53 cm). Fresh weight was seen as 

highest for T3G10 (0.40g) and lowest for T1G5 (0.06g). The average seedling dry weight was 

recorded as maximum for T3G10 (0.12g) and lowest for T1G6, T1G7, T2G7 (0.02g). Average 

germination percentage was highest for T2G9 (90.33) and lowest for T5G6 (85.00). Vigor index 



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was recorded as maximum for T3G10 (2685.01) followed by T2G10 (2622.17), T5G10 (2603.00), 

T3G9 (2592.99), and T4G7 (2590.28).  

So, it can be concluded that T2G9 (IR-36 stored in a cloth bag with seed moisture 

content 10%) was recorded highest germination percentage followed by T1G9 and T2G10 at nine 

months after storage and T3G10 (Pusa-1509 stored with aluminum foil packet), recorded highest 

vigor index followed by T2G10 and T5G10.  

 

Table 7. Mean value with a standard deviation of shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry 

weight, germination (%) and vigor index of seed stored in different containers after nine months 

after storage 
 

Treatments No of 

Genotypes 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Root length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Fresh weight 

(g) Mean±SD 

Dry weight 

(g) Mean±SD 

Germination% 

Mean±SD 

GI Mean±SD 

T1 10 8.61A±2.61 12.59A±3.82 0.155B±0.081 0.039B±0.016 88.16A±1.009 1876.68A±530.40 

T2 10 7.71A±2.78 12.54A±4.21 0.194AB±0.074 0.106A±0.079 88.19A±1.218 1787.95A±616.82 

T3 10 8.23A±1.88 13.28A±3.77 0.334A±0.283 0.055AB±0.032 87.23B±0.416 1876.91A±465.23 

T4 10 8.48A±2.03 13.28A±3.33 0.25AB±0.224 0.081AB±0.098 87.13B±0.848 1898.20A±445.46 

T5 10 8.42A±1.64 13.18A±2.55 0.229AB±0.144 0.053AB±0.014 87.03B±1.381 1883.56A±345.07 

SEm (±) 0.333 0.534 0.026 8.819 0.153 72.90 

LSD (0.05) NS NS NS NS 0.9278* NS 
NB: Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, aluminum foil packet- T3, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
At nine months after storage treatments over genotypes shoot length was highest in T1 

(8.61) and lowest in T2 (7.71 cm). The deviation from the mean value ranged from 1.64 to 2.78 

and T2 was the highest. All treatments over genotypes showed non-significant variation for this 

trait and were grouped under the same A. In the case of root length T3 & T4 (13.28) showed the 

highest and T2 (12.54) showed the lowest. The deviation from the mean value ranged from 2.55 

to 4.21 and T2 was the highest. All genotypes were non-significant variation and were grouped 

under the same A. Highest fresh weight was found in T3 (0.334g) and lowest in T1 (0.155g). The 

deviation from the mean value was ranged from 0.074 to 0.283 and T3 showed the highest. The 

genotypes were non-significant variation. T1 was grouped under B, T2, T4, and T5 were grouped 

under AB, T3 was grouped under A. Dry weight was the highest T2 (0.106g) and the lowest in T1 

(0.039g). The deviation from the mean value was ranged from 0.014 to 0.098 and T4 was the 

highest genotypes were non-significant variation. T1 was grouped under B, T2 was grouped 

under A, T3, T4, and T5 were grouped under AB. Germination percentage was found in T2 

(88.19) and lowest in T5 (87.03). The deviation from the mean value was ranged from 0.416 to 

1.381 and T5 was the highest. The genotypes were significant variation. T1 and T2 were grouped 

under A, T3, T4, and T5 were grouped under B. Among the genotypes, highest vigor index was 

recorded in T4 (1898.20) and the lowest in T2 (1787.95). The deviation from the mean value was 

ranged from 345.07 to 616.82 and T2 was the highest. The genotypes showed non-significant 

variation they were grouped under the same group i.e. under A. 

At nine months after storage, the seed of genotypes stored in T2 (cloth bag with seed 

moisture content 10%) maintained the highest germination percentage followed by T3 and T1 and 



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while highest vigor status of seed was maintained when stored in T4 (aluminum foil packet with 

seed moisture content 8%) followed by T5 and T3. Aluminum foil packet with seed moisture 

content 8% therefore, can be recorded as best storage materials when the seed of this crop, in 

general, are stored for nine months.     

 

Table 8. Mean values for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, 

germination (%), and vigor index of the genotypes stored in different containers at Twelve 

months after storage. 

 

Genotypes with 

treatments 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Root 

length 

(cm) 

Fresh 

weight (g) 

Dry 

weight 

(g) 

Germination 

(%) 

Vigor 

index 

T1G1 7.22 16.34 0.11 0.07 84.67 1996.23 

T1G2 8.12 12.21 0.25 0.04 85.33 1732.97 

T1G3 7.77 12.74 0.19 0.05 86.67 1777.80 

T1G4 7.03 13.11 0.15 0.05 84.67 1705.16 

T1G5 7.29 13.91 0.15 0.05 85.00 1801.48 

T1G6 7.50 10.15 0.18 0.04 84.00 1484.61 

T1G7 8.29 9.35 0.29 0.05 86.33 1524.65 

T1G8 7.68 11.39 0.14 0.04 87.67 1671.09 

T1G9 9.97 15.86 0.15 0.04 87.67 2264.74 

T1G10 8.74 16.74 0.33 0.05 88.33 2544.57 

T2G1 8.04 14.51 0.31 0.06 87.67 1973.54 

T2G2 5.03 8.06 0.55 0.13 86.67 1102.81 

T2G3 9.14 16.74 0.20 0.05 86.33 2232.18 

T2G4 6.50 11.81 0.28 0.04 87.00 1591.07 

T2G5 8.91 16.80 0.22 0.02 86.00 2212.82 

T2G6 5.07 7.87 0.20 0.03 87.33 1131.38 

T2G7 4.71 6.53 0.10 0.01 86.00 966.48 

T2G8 5.67 10.24 0.14 0.04 85.67 1362.68 

T2G9 11.74 16.47 0.13 0.04 89.33 2523.29 

T2G10 12.34 16.78 0.18 0.07 88.00 2546.54 

T3G1 7.21 17.85 0.11 0.04 85.67 2144.00 

T3G2 6.75 10.74 0.38 0.04 85.67 1496.04 

T3G3 7.58 11.21 0.12 0.07 86.00 1579.81 

T3G4 7.54 13.80 0.15 0.06 86.00 1857.69 

T3G5 6.84 13.44 0.08 0.03 86.00 1840.56 

T3G6 7.41 9.41 0.26 0.02 85.67 1379.36 

T3G7 7.35 8.85 0.29 0.04 86.33 1454.97 

T3G8 8.37 10.58 0.37 0.10 86.33 1549.41 

T3G9 9.21 18.41 0.19 0.03 86.33 2552.37 

T3G10 11.47 18.54 0.40 0.12 86.00 2580.86 

T4G1 9.53 10.42 0.28 0.05 84.67 1598.23 

T4G2 6.99 9.26 0.14 0.04 85.33 1272.33 

T4G3 7.31 11.82 0.16 0.03 85.33 1105.91 



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T4G4 6.92 14.91 0.14 0.05 85.67 1869.13 

T4G5 6.78 9.37 0.27 0.06 85.33 1439.84 

T4G6 8.35 13.48 0.17 0.05 86.67 1925.42 

T4G7 12.32 17.42 0.29 0.08 86.00 2558.28 

T4G8 7.89 11.52 0.15 0.10 86.33 1674.87 

T4G9 8.93 18.51 0.15 0.06 86.33 2370.59 

T4G10 11.54 16.09 0.15 0.05 86.00 2376.96 

T5G1 7.59 16.34 0.11 0.07 84.67 2029.51 

T5G2 8.14 12.21 0.25 0.04 85.00 1728.35 

T5G3 7.84 12.74 0.19 0.05 86.33 1789.79 

T5G4 7.03 13.11 0.12 0.05 84.67 1705.25 

T5G5 7.36 13.91 0.15 0.05 85.00 1807.50 

T5G6 7.50 10.13 0.18 0.04 84.33 1489.41 

T5G7 8.29 9.38 0.29 0.05 86.00 1518.10 

T5G8 7.91 11.39 0.14 0.04 85.67 1653.39 

T5G9 10.18 15.86 0.15 0.04 87.00 2268.25 

T5G10 12.40 16.74 0.33 0.08 86.00 2507.26 

SEm(±)  0.167 0.122 0.011 0.008 0.053 17.36 

LSD(0.05)  0.492 0.376 0.034 0.021 0.149 52.14 
NB: Kailash- G1, Gobindabhog- G2, Kalma- G3, Dudheswar-G4, Malabati- G5, Kanakchur- G6, Kalojira- G7, Radhatilak- G8, IR-

36- G9 and Pusa-1509- G10. Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 10%- T3, aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and 

polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
At Twelve months of storage, seedling root length was recorded as highest when seeds 

were stored in T3G10 (18.54 cm) and it was lowest when stored for T2G7 (6.53 cm). Among the 

ten genotypes, the average shoot length was highest in T5G10 (12.40 cm) and lowest for T2G7 

(4.71 cm). In the case of fresh weight showed highest for T2G2 (0.55g) and lowest for T2G2 

(0.13g). The highest dry weight was recorded for T4G5 (0.36g) followed by T2G4, T2G6, and 

T2G5. Among the ten genotypes germination percentage was highest in T2G9, (89.33) and lowest 

in T1G6 (84.00). Vigor index recorded highest in T3G10 (2580.86) and lowest in T2G7 (966.48).  

So, it can be concluded that T2G9 (IR-36 store in a cloth bag with seed moisture 

content 10%) recorded the highest germination percentage followed byT1G8, and T4G6 at Twelve 

months after storage while T3G10 i.e., Pusa-1509 stored in aluminum foil packet recorded highest 

vigor index followed by T4G7 and T3G9. 

 

Table 9. Mean value with standard deviation for seedling shoot length, root length, fresh weight, 

dry weight, germination (%), and vigor index of seed stored in different containers after twelve 

months of storage. 
 

Treatments No 

of 

Geno 

Shoot 

length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Root length 

(cm) 

Mean±SD 

Fresh weight 

(g) Mean±SD 

Dry weight 

(g) Mean±SD 

Germination% 

Mean±SD 

GI Mean±SD 

T1 
10 7.96 A 

±0.88 

13.18A±2.55  0.224A±0.143  0.048A±0.009  86.03A±1.51 1850.33A±331.56  



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T2 
10 7.71 A 

±2.78 

12.95A±2.98  0.231A±0.129  0.077A±0.044  87.0A±1.21  1764.27A±607.16  

T3 
10 7.97A±1.42 13.28A±3.76  0.335A±0.283  0.055A±0.32  86.0B±0.26  1996.96A±827.47  

T4 
10 8.65A±1.95 13.28A±3.33  0.243A±0.203  0.087A±0.097  85.76B±0.60 2306.94A±1360.24 

T5 
10 8.42A±1.64 13.18A±2.54  0.221A±0.145  0.051A±0.013  85.46B±0.86 2059.67A±692.92  

SEm(±) 0.275 0.513 0.028 8.16 0.144 124.60 

LSD (0.05) NS NS NS NS 0.4259* NS 

NB: Earthen pot with seed moisture content 10%- T1, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%- T2, aluminum foil packet- T3, 

aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%- T4, and polythene packet with seed moisture content 10%- T5. 

 
Twelve months after storage, treatments over genotypes highest mean value of shoot 

length observed in T2 (8.65 cm) and the lowest in T4 (7.71). The deviation from the mean value 

was ranged from 0.88 to 2.78 and the T2 showed the highest. All the genotypes showed non-

significant variation they were grouped under same group i.e. under A. In case of root length 

longest was recorded in T3 and T4 (13.28) and shortest in T2 (12.95 cm). The deviation from the 

mean value was ranged from 2.54 to 3.76 and the T3 showed the highest. All genotypes showed 

non-significant variation they were grouped under the same group i.e. under A. The highest fresh 

weight was observed in T3 (0.335g) and the lowest inT5 (0.221g), the deviation from the mean 

value was ranges from 0.129 to 0.283 and the T3 was shows highest. All genotypes showed non-

significant in variation they were grouped under same group i.e. under A. Dry weight was 

observed highest in T4 (0.087g) and lowest in T1 (0.048g). The deviation from the mean value 

was ranged from 0.009 to 0.32 and the T3 was shown the highest. All genotypes showed non-

significant variation they were grouped under the same group i.e. under A. Highest germination 

percentage was recorded in T2 (87.0) and lowest in T5 (85.46). The deviation from the mean 

value was ranged from 0.26 to 1.51 and the T1 was shown the highest. All genotypes showed 

significance variation they were grouped under various groups T1 & T2 were under group A and 

T3, T4 & T5 were grouped under group B. Vigor index was highest in T4 (2306.94) and lowest in 

T2 (1764.27). The deviation from the mean value was ranged from 331.56 to 1360.24 and the T3 

showed the highest. All genotypes showed non-significant variation they were grouped under 

same group i.e. under A. 

After twelve months of storage containers, T2 (cloth bag with seed moisture content 

10%) maintained the highest germination percentage followed by T3 and T1 and while highest 

vigor index was determined for T4 (aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8%) 

followed by T5 and T3. Aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content 8% (T4), therefore, is 

regarded as the best storage material when seeds of this crop, in general, are stored for twelve 

months.   

CONCLUSION 

It can be concluded that aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content of 8% is the 

best storage container of rice among the other containers like earthen pot with seed moisture 

content of 10%, aluminum foil, cloth bag with seed moisture content 10%, and polythene packet 

with seed moisture content 10% as every three months interval up to one year, vigor index was 

observed highest in an aluminum foil packet with seed moisture content of 8%. 
 



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Biswas, S., Bordolui, S. K. & Chattopadhyay, P. (2020).  Determination of Sowing Time of 

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Bordolui, S.K., Chattapadhyay, P., & Chandra, P (2006).  Morphological characters of some 

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Bordolui, S.K., Chattopadhyay, P., & Basu, A. K. (2018). Evaluation of some small seeded 

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