




































American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences  

Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

Published by American Center of Science and Education, USA 

 

24 

 

 

The Dermis of Millivora Capenesis 

 

 

Samad Muhammed Mohd    

  Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis 

Foundation of Technical Institution, Pakistan. 

 

 Dalal Abdul Hussain Kadium  

  Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis 

Foundation of Technical Institution, Pakistan. 

  

Ashwaq Kadium Ebed  

  Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis 

Foundation of Technical Institution, Pakistan. 

 

Hussain Sattar Rebat Alzerfi 

  Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis 

Foundation of Technical Institution, Pakistan. 

 

 

 

Received: January 29, 2019      Accepted: February 3, 2019             Online Published: February 11, 2019        

 

 

 

Abstract 

The present study was conducted on the dorsal skin of  three (Millivora  Capenesis)., Dermis were collected from  

healthy animals,formalin fixed and carried out routein histological procedure,then section at thicness six micrometer 

and stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin stain .  Histologically,the dermis was composed of the papillary and reticular 

layers , the papillary layer was formed from loose connective tissue, composed of a bundant collageneous fibers, 

few elastic fibers, net work of blood capillaries, large artery , large vein and meissner , and pacinian corpscules 

(tactile corpscules) , the deeper layer of dermis was contain dense connective tissue that included skin appendages 

such as hair , sebaceous glands , sweat glands , there was two types of hair follicles , primary and secondary follicles 

, the sebaceous glands which surrounded the hair follicles , these glands were alveolar glands , while sweat glands 

were simple saccular glands that lined by low cuboidal epithelium from another hand , the ducts of sweat gland was 

lined by stratified cuboidal epithelium .the meissner corpscule was singly located in the papillary layer of the 

dermis, while the pacinian corpscule was found in the reticular layers ,our findings were showed these corpscules as 

onion shapes.The dermis of Millivora Capenesis consist of papillary and reticular layers with skin layer appendage; 

Sweat gland, sebaceous glands, primary and secondary hair follicles with meissner and pacinian corpscules.                                                                                                                

             

Key words: Millivora Capenesis, Dermis, Collagenous Fibers, Skin, Hair Follicles 

 

1-Introduction  

 

The dermis is divide in to main two layers , the first layer is papillary layer , consist of fine fibers locate beneath the 

basement membrane (1) . the second layer is reticular layer , distinguished in thickness and more abundant in the 

fibrous elements , contains on large bundles of collagenous fibers , elastic fibers with few of reticular fibers (2). 

Many previous studies were observed good blood supply for the skin dermis , that represent of the large 

subcutaneous arteries extension which branched and supply the all parts of the dermis , these blood vessels were 

terminated as capillaries plexuses , that nurish the dermal papillae , hair follicles and skin glands (3) . the skin is 

supply via large number of sensory nerve fibers , these fibers surrounded by myelinated  sheath . which extend to the 

blood vessels , hair follicles and skin glands (4) . the most afferent sensory nerve fibers in the dermis is response to 

different stimuli due to increase or decrease in the temperature and  



www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijhass            American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences     Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

 

25 

 

 

external pressure , the nerve ending were  described in the different regions of dermis which included meissner and 

pacinian corpuscles (5) .the mammals dermis consist of dense regular connective tissue , extend to subcutaneous 

region and divided into a superficial papillary and deep reticular layers  (6) . the skin appendages are projects out of 

the body surface , that includes the hairs , and some skin appendages such as sweat glands and sebaceous glands , 

they provides a variety of functions like enviromental protection and adaptation (7) . Millivora capenesis belonge to 

family ; Mustelidae , subfamily ; Millivorinae ; Genus Millivora and species capensis , the distribution of animal 

around the argriculature regions . Millivora is distribute in south western Asia and Africa (10).     

                                                                                                                                                 

The purpose of present study is to determine the normal histological structure of Millivora capenesis dermis .                                                                                                                                                          

  

Material and Methods 2- 

    

 Three females of Millivora capenesis  used in this present study , these animals killed via farmers live . the average 

age of Millivora capenesis (3.5) years old , the age was estimated according to (11) .     The skin of animals were 

removed by skinning process . The dorsal skin specimens were fixed in (10%) formalin solution . the histological 

preparations carried out on skin specimens, like dehydration with graduate ethyle alcohol (70% , 80%, 90% , and 

absolute ethyle alcohol , after that clearing in xylol then embedding in medical wax paraffin to prepare histological 

blocks , and cutting via rotatory micrometer in thickness after that the histological section were stained by 

Hematoxylin and Eosin (12) .                                                                                                                        

 

3-Results and Discussion 

 

The dermis of Millivora was thicker than epidermis . The dermis consist of dense irregular connective tissue ; 

composed of fibrous connective tissue , mainly collageneous fibers ( Fig. 1), showed the projection of epidermal 

papillae that extend  in to the papillary layer of dermis. From another hand , there are smooth muscle bundles , blood 

vessels , lymphatic vessels , nerve and nerve ending . The epidermal appendages, such as sweat glands , sebaceous 

glands and hair follicles were found in the reticular layer of dermis , those observations were similar to previous 

studies (13, 14, 15). The dermis of Millivora was divided into the superficial layer formed from loose connective 

tissue consisting abundant collagenous and few elastic  fibers . 

 

The papillary layer of dermis was located superficially, its contain a net work  of blood capillaries . Large  blood 

vessels were found in deep layer of Millivora dermis ( Fig. 2, 3) were revealed layer vein and large artery.  

 

Millivora hairs was consisted of keratin strands , hair follicles , hair cortex , internal sheath , hair shaft, internal root 

sheath and hair medulla , the hair follicle was surrounded by sebaceous gland , there are two types of hair follicles in 

the dermis of Millivora capenesis ; that involved primary and secondary hair follicles (Fig. 4 ,5) , noticed the hair 

follicles and sebaceous gland were located in the reticular layer of the dermis , these findings was varied from hairs 

of goat , was devoid from hair medulla (16) .  

 

The sebaceous glands in the dermis of Millivora were related to the hair follicles . Our observations about the 

sebaceous glands were appeared multilayered gland devoid from the lumen , this finding was agreed with current 

result (17) was carried out on the human skin , who mentioned , the sebaceous gland was consisted of alveolar gland 

with out lumen , they are basophilic cells and light cells with pyknotic nuclei are visible in the inner sebaceous acini 

. 



www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijhass            American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences     Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

 

26 

 

 

 
Figuer1:Millivora capensis dermis,epidermis papilla(1).papillary layer(2). 

Hematoxylin and Eosin.400x 

 
 

Figure2: Millivora capensis dermis, show large vein(1)near to the sweat gland(2) 

Hematoxylin and  Eosin.200x 

 

  
 

Figuer3: Millivora  capensis dermis, Appear large artery, Tunicaintima (endothelium) 

(1). Tunicaintima (smooth fibers)(2).Tunica adventitial(c.t) (3). Hematoxylin and Eosin.200x 

 

 



www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijhass            American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences     Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

 

27 

 

 

 
Figer4:Millivora capensis hair follicles  primary ,consist of hair medulla(1). 

Internal sheath(2).hair cortex(3). hair follicle.that surroundy by sebaceous gland(5).Hematoxylin and Eosin.200x 

 

 
 

Fiuger5:Millivora capensis hair follicles  (primary),consist of hair medulla(1). 

Internalsheath(2).haircortex(3). Hair follicle.that surroundy by sebaceous gland(5).second hair follicle(6). 

Hematoxylin and Eosin.200x 

  

 

The sweat glands in the Millivora dermis were found in the reticular layer , sweat glands were simple tubular , that 

similar to saccules , these saccules were lined by low cuboidal epithelium (Fig. 6) . From another hand the sweat 

gland duct (Fig. 7) was colied and extended in to the superficial layer in order to open at the epidermis , the duct was 

lined by stratified cuboidal epithelium , these observations were accordance with previous histological studies 

(18,19) , they mentioned , the sweat gland in  

sheep and in domestic animals were simple tubular or saccular , but the secretory cells of sweat glands were lined 

with a simple squamous to cuboidal epithelium . 

The Millivora  dermis was supplied by sensory  nerves , its formed  from nerve fiber  enclosed by   

myelin sheath or with out  myelinated  sheath .  

In this  present  study  was  recorded  tow  types of  nerve  ending  corpscules – 1- Meissner  

  

corpscule ( Fig. 8) were lamellar bodies with out perineural capsule , this tactile corpscule was occurred singly under 

the epidermis -2- pacinian corpscule (Fig. 9) was layer lamellar corpscule , that located in the papillary layer of 

dermis , these findings were identical with previous investigations (20) , who found two kinds of cut aneous sensory 

nerve corpscules , he mentioned , the afferent nerve fibers reached to the meissner corpscule , while the sheath of 

terminal nerve ending of pacinian corpscule was arranged in onion . like , due to concentric of cytoplasmic 

processes  (perineural lamellae ). 

  

 



www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijhass            American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences     Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

 

28 

 

 

 

 
  

Figuer6: Millivore capensis,sweat gland, 

compsed of simple tupular or saccular, 

alveoli(1) that lined by low cubudal epithelium(2).Hematoxylin and Eosin.200x 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

Figuer7:Millivora capensis,sweat duct, 

appeared as coiled duct(1).Extened in the papillary layer(2)of dermis,the duct that lined by stratified cuboidal 

epithelium.Hematoxylin and Eosin.200x 

 

 

 

 



www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijhass            American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences     Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

 

29 

 

 

 
 

 

  

Figuer8: Millivora corpscule(1)in Millivore capensis medium size artery(2). 

Hematoxylin and Eosin.100x 

  

 

 
Figuer9:Pacinian corpscule(1)in  

Millivore capensis consist of lamellar body (2)perineural sheath(3). Hematoxylin and Eosin.400x 

 

 

References                                                                                     

(1)-Arao , H . ; Obala , M . ; Shimada , T. and Hagisawa , S. (1998). Morphological characteristics of the dermal 

papillae in the development of pressure sores . J . Tiss . Viabil . , 8: 1-7 . 

( 2)- Kanitakis , J . (2002) . Anatomy , histology and immunohistochemistry of normal human skin . Eur .J . 

Dermatol . 12 : 390 -401) . 

(3)- Boverman , I . (2000) . The cutaneous microcirculation . J . Invest . Dermatol . Symp . proc . ; 5 : 3-9 . 

(4)- Egan , C. Viglione , M. ; Wash, L. (1999) . characterization of un myelinated axons uniting epidermal and 

dermal immune cells in primate and murine skin . J . cutan . pathol . , 25 : 20 -29 . 

(5)- Rook , A. ; Wilkinon , D. and Ebling , J . (1989). Text book of dermatology . Black well , 1st ed . Oxford . 

(6)- Aughy , E . and Frye , F. (2001) . Comparative Veterinary Histology with clinical correlates . 1st ed . Manson . 

London . pp : 129 – 130 . 

(7)- Widelitz – Randall , B . ; Ting- Xin ,J .; Alexander ,N. , Sheree , A. ; Ting- Berreth , E. ; Han- Sung, J. and 

cheng – Ming , C. (1997) . Molecular Histology in skin appendage morphogenesis . Microsc. Res . Tech ., 38: 452- 

465 . 

(8) – Begg , K. ; Beeg , C. and Abramov, A . (2008) . Millivora capenesis In IUCN (2008) . Red list of Threatened 

species : pp :1 . 



www.acseusa.org/journal/index.php/aijhass            American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences     Vol. 1, No. 1; 2019 

 

30 

 

 

(9) – Baryshnikov , G . (2008) . A new subspecies of the honey badger Millivora capenesis from central Asia . Acta 

theriologica ; 45 : 45-55 . 

 

 

 

Copyrights  

Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal. This is an 

open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license 

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 

 


