




































American International Journal of Social Science Research 

Vol. 9, No. 1; 2021 

ISSN 2576-103X   E-ISSN 2576-1048 

Published by CRIBFB, USA 

28 

 

TOBACCO RELATED CONTENT ON NEW MEDIA AND ITS 

EXPOSURE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN 

BANGLADESH 
 

 

Md. Jahir Uddin 

Lecturer 

Department of Gender and Development Studies 

Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh 

E-mail: jahir.gds@brur.ac.bd 

 

Md. Azizul Islam 

Assistant Team Co-Coordinator 

Issheghuri Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh 

E-mail: azizuldu1994@gmail.com 

 

Md. Asaduzzaman Mondol Asad 

Assistant Professor 

Department of Public Administration 

Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh 

E-mail: asad.pad.brur@gmail.com 

 

 

Received: August 08, 2021   Accepted: September 20, 2021 Online Published: November 09, 2021  

 

DOI: 10.46281/aijssr.v9i1.1430            URL: https://doi.org/10.46281/aijssr.v9i1.1430  

 

 

ABSTRACT 

The study investigates the tobacco-related content on new media and its exposure among 

university students in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study design based on mixed-method 

approach had been used to conduct this study. A sample of 405 respondents were selected from 

eight public universities in Bangladesh for the survey questionnaire. Besides, 20 key informant 

interviews were conducted with structured question, and a checklist used for new media 

observation regarding tobacco-related contents. Quantitative analysis performed with descriptive 

and inferential statistics for survey data, while thematic analysis followed for qualitative data. The 

study revealed that 43.5% of respondents were exposed to tobacco-related content (TRC) in New 

Media. Regarding exposure to TRC, Facebook (43.5%) was on the top, followed by YouTube 

(39.2%), Instagram (35.6%), Online Newspaper (25.2%), Blog (22.2%) and Twitter (12.5%). 

Study shows that one-fifth of the respondents (20.2%) had an engagement with these TRC by post, 

share, like and comment through Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. KII explored that TI promotes 

their products using names and logos, violating the TAPS ban, which was shared by new media 

users and exposed to university students. Finally, the study concludes that for attracting the 

mailto:jahir.gds@brur.ac.bd
mailto:asad.pad.brur@gmail.com


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university students, the tobacco industry has developed different tools and techniques in new 

media.  

 

Keywords: New Media, Tobacco, Contents, Exposure, University Students. 

 

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Internet users have increased considerably, and presently more than 90 million people are using 

the internet in Bangladesh ("Bangladesh: internet penetration rate 2019 | Statista", 2021). Among 

the internet user’s majority are associated with new media and primarily graduate students (James 

& Vishwanathan, 2018). In different ways, they are getting the touch of tobacco promotional 

activities in new media, which badly affect the students (Hassan et al., 2019). For a strict ban on 

tobacco promotion in new media, it is important to explore the tobacco-related content on new 

media. While the tobacco-related content on new media will be investigated, then the government 

would be able to take the initiative to control these promotional activities, which can control large 

tobacco extent (Niederdeppe, Farrelly, & Wenter, 2007). Therefore, the governments need to 

develop a fresh approach to combat tobacco-related content in new media (Freeman, 2012).  

Historically, scientifically, environmentally, economically and from another segment, it is 

proved that tobacco is dangerous for human living (Yukihiro, Hiramatsu, & Kawano, 2011). Every 

year 7 million people lead to death for this damaging thing and Bangladesh is one of the high-risk 

countries in case of tobacco activities including selling, producing, consuming (Islam & Walton, 

2019). Considering the extremely negative impact of tobacco a county of India named Tamil Nadu 

has taken the policies to intervene in the media for the reduction of the tobacco. By promoting the 

anti-tobacco program, campaign, discussion, content on new media the government of Tamil Nadu 

gets effective positive results in case of a reduction of tobacco uses (Raheem & Selladurai, 2018).  

In case of making people aware of the tobacco disadvantages, the media can play an 

advocacy role by showing the bad impact of tobacco uses (Sood, 2015). At the same time, media 

can increase the interaction of multiple levels of people for the development of awareness among 

them. Media can develop a community against smokers or other tobacco users by developing a 

strong relationship with young and can contribute to young smoking cessation (Niederdeppe, 

Farrelly, & Wenter, 2007).  

On the other hand, in USA fund has developed for an anti-smoking campaign. Here, the 

media is considering as the most effective tools to use this fund in the anti-smoking promotion 

(Tsoukalas, 2003). According to a report finding, nearly 51% of people are active users of different 

new media. People are getting any kind of news via new media than other media existing in the 

present world. Freeman (2012) in his research shows that the new media is the most effective tools 

for tobacco control in this 21st century. By using the availability and cost effectiveness of new 

media, it is possible to reduce tobacco using large extent (Freeman, 2012).  

Recently, a research paper has published about the role of mass media for controlling 

tobacco. This research shows that mass media can contribute by increasing people interaction in 

the light of tobacco control at large extent (Sadeque & Ahmed, 2017). In addition, in Bangladesh, 

social media can contribute a lot, as the majority of the people who are using the internet are 

associated with social media. In Bangladesh, social media can be a great means for controlling or 

reduction tobacco uses at large extent (Turk et al., 2018).   

Though some research conducted on this topic, generally those have explained the role of 

mass media or social media for controlling tobacco in Bangladesh. However, those studies fail to 

address the problem that most of the tobacco industry is using the new media covertly for tobacco 



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promotion as well as fail to address the role of new media in case of tobacco control among 

university students. For effective uses of new media for tobacco control, it is necessary to know 

the pattern of tobacco promotional activities by the tobacco industry.  

 

METHODOLOGY 

Operational Definition 

New Media 

New media refer to the highly interactive digital technology. New media is quickly processed, 

stored, transformed, retrieved, hyper-linked, and, perhaps most radical of all, quickly searched for 

and accessed. New media refers to Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, Tango, and Online 

Newspaper. Conceptually, new media can be viewed as a cultural process that reflects societal 

values and societal transformation (Livingstone & Lievrouw, 2009). 

 

Tobacco-Related Contents Exposure 
Tobacco-Related contents refer the advertisement, promotional activities, sponsorship, posting of 

tobacco products and selling by the tobacco industries in new media place. Exposure refers the 

like, comments, share, post, view, invitation in tobacco page.  

 

University Students 

University students refers the graduate and post graduate students who are the regular users of new 

media.  

 

Study Design 

For conducting this study, the cross-sectional design followed. This research was conducted by 

following the mixed-method approach, both qualitative and quantitative methods. 

 

Study Area and Population 

This study covered eight public Universities of eight divisions in Bangladesh. The study 

populations were the university's students and regular (daily) users of new media.  

 

Study Period 

The study conducted from April to November 2019.  

 

Sampling Design 

Survey  

For the quantitative part, the sample size has been calculated using the following formula: -

 
Equation, n = 405, Where,   

Z= 1.96 for 5% level of significance 

P= Percentage of graduate students exposed to the tobacco activities on new media (Unknown) 

=50% 

d = Margin of error = 0.05 (considered) 

Non-response=5% 



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For collecting data through a survey questionnaire, 405 respondents were selected from 

eight public universities. From those universities, respondents were being chosen randomly for the 

questionnaire survey. The distribution of respondents by the university are given below- 

 

Table 1. Study Area 

 

Study Area Number of respondents 

Dhaka University 55 

Chittagong University 50 

Shahjalal University of Science and Technology 50 

Barisal University 50 

Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University 50 

Rajshahi University 50 

Begum Rokeya University 50 

Khulna University 50 

Total 405 

 

Observation 
For exploring the pattern of tobacco promotional activities using new media, contents in six new 

media channels have been observed rigorously. The distribution of the selected site of the new 

media are given below- 

 

Table 2. New Media Observation Site 

 

New media Types Number of page/channels 

Twitter Social networking 1 

Facebook Social networking 1 

YouTube Video sharing 1 

Blog.com Blog publishing 1 

Online newspaper News publicizing 1 

Total 6 

 

Key Informant Interview (KII) 

For selecting the respondents of KII, the purposive sampling method has followed. Numbers of 

KII from the different segments are given below-   

 

Table 3. Lists of KII 

 

Critical Informants Interview (KII) Number of participants 

New Media Specialists 5 

Government Officials 5 



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Anti-Tobacco Activists 5 

Civil Society Representatives 5 

Total 20 

 

Data Analysis 

The raw data inserted into the database system. For analyzing the collected data of this study 

database system had been used. For making the data analysis more thorough and suitable, the 

validity of the data had scrutinized. To analyze the survey data, SPSS had been used. Various 

statistical tools, such as descriptive statistics, correlation, cross-tabulations, central tendency tests, 

etc., extensively examined the data collected. Finally, the comprehensive findings of this research 

have presented. 

 

Ethical issues 

Institutional ethical clearances of this study acquired from the Department of Public 

Administration, University of Dhaka. Informed written consent had taken before conducting the 

interview. Individual ethical issues had maintained in every tier of the study. 

 

RESULTS 

Quantitative Findings 

Respondent Characteristics 

Table 4. Gender and age of the respondents 

 

Gender Number Percentage 

Male 307 75.8% 

Female 98 24.2% 

Total 405 100.0% 

Average age, Mean ± SD 21.5±1.613 

 

The gender and age of the respondents are shown in the above table (Table 4). Among the 405 

respondents, 75.8% respondents were male, and 24.2% were female. The average age of the 

respondents was 21.5 years old. 

Tobacco Using Status 

Table 5. Tobacco use status of the respondents 

 

Variable Number Percentage 

Overall Tobacco Users   

Yes 81 20.0% 

No 324 80.0% 

Total 405 100.0% 

Smoking Tobacco   

Yes 77 19.0% 

No 328 81.0% 



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Total 405 100.0% 

Smokeless Tobacco   

Yes 13 3.2% 

No 392 96.8% 

Total 405 100.0% 

 

The above table (Table 5) shows the smoking and smokeless tobacco using status of the 

respondents. Among the 405 respondents, 20.0% were tobacco users. Here, 19.0%respondents 

consumed smoking tobacco currently, while 3.2% of respondents consumed smokeless tobacco. 

 

Table 6. Type of smoking and smokeless tobacco 

 

Types Percentage 

Smoking tobacco*  

Cigarette 100.0% 

Bidi 7.9% 

E-cigarette 7.9% 

Base, n 77 

Smokeless tobacco*  

Jarda 100.0% 

Sadapata 8.3% 

Gul 8.3% 

Base, n 13 

Note: *Multiple responses. 

Types of smoking and smokeless tobacco are shown in Table 6. Among tobacco users, all the 

respondents consumed cigarettes, and7.9% of respondents consumed both Bidi and E-cigarette. 

Among smokeless tobacco users, all the respondents’ consumed Jarda, and 8.3% finished both 

sadapata and guys. 

Uses of New Media 

 

Figure 1. Type of new media/social media used by the respondents (n=405) 



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The above figure (Figure 1) shows different types of new media by the respondents. Among 

the respondents, all were Facebook users, followed by 83.2% were YouTube users, 

38.5%WhatsApp, 32.6% Instagram, 31.4% Imo, and 28.4% respondents were online newspaper 

users. Besides, 13.8% of respondents used Twitter, some (4.4%) used Blog, and only 1.2% used 

other new media types. 

Table 7. TRC group/page/site/channel/news followed by the respondents on new media 

 

 

An average number of TRC group/page/site/channel/news followed by the respondents in 

new media are shown in Table 7. On average, respondents viewed 0.74TRC in Facebook, 0.02 

TRC in Twitter, 0.66 TRC channel in YouTube,0.28 TRC site in Blog, 0.29TRC page in Instagram 

and 0.47TRC site in Online newspaper. 

Promotional Activities/ Exposure to Tobacco Related Content (TRC) 

Any content on new media, which contain the different pro-tobacco scene, tobacco consumption, 

tobacco product, brand, and sponsorship and have not warned message, are termed as Tobacco-

Related Content (TRC). Respondents were exposed to different types of TRC in video, image and 

text format that is shown below: 

 

Figure 2. Overall exposure to TRC post in new media 

 

Name of new media* Number of TRC group/ page 

n Mean ± SD 

Facebook 405 0.74 ±1.769 

Twitter 56 0.02±0.134 

You Tube 337 0.66±0.1754 

Blog 18 0.28±0.958 

Instagram 132 0.29±0.767 

Online newspaper 115 0.47±1.273 



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Figure 2 presents respondents overall exposure to the TRC post in new media in the last 

six months. It explored that 61.2% of the respondents saw the TRC post in new media while 38.8% 

did not. 

 
Note: *Multiple responses. 

Figure 3. Respondent’s exposure to TRC post by new media 

 

The above graph (Figure 3) shows the percentage of the respondents exposed to TRC by 

new media. Overall, among the respondents, 61.2% exposed to TRC in the last six months on 

Facebook, 60.1% in YouTube, 47.7% in Instagram, 18.1% in Online newspapers, 17.9% in 

Twitter, and 7.7% in Twitter Blog. 

 
Note: *Multiple responses 

Figure 4. Type of TRC post exposed by the respondents 

 

Overall, the type of exposed TRC post is shown in Figure 4. Among the exposed TRC post, 

74.2% was video, and 73.8% was the image; that is, video and image highly exposed TRC posts 

in new media. Again, 44.4% revealed TRC was text, and 6.9% was only audio. 



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Influence on Student 

Table 8. Smoking status of the respondents by overall exposure to TRC, reactions to TRC on 

FB/TW/IN 

 

Variables n Smoking Status p-value 

Yes No 

Overall exposure to TRC    0.001 

Yes 248 24.6% 75.4% 

No 157 10.2% 89.8% 

Overall exposure to TRC on 

FB/TW/IN 

   0.001 

Yes 193 26.4% 73.6% 

No 212 12.3% 87.7% 

Overall reactions to TRC    0.001 

Yes 145 31.7% 68.3% 

No 260 11.9% 88.1% 

Note: p-value from chi-square test 

Table 8 shows the percentage of the respondents exposed to TRC and their tobacco 

smoking behavior within the last six months. It was found that among respondents who revealed 

to TRC, 24.6%usedsmoking tobacco. Similarly, 31.7%respondents used smoking tobacco among 

them who reacted to TRC. Again, 26.4% used smoking tobacco among the respondents exposed 

to TRC on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.  

 

Figure 5. Percentage of respondents TRC engagement 

 

Figure 5 shows the percentage of the respondent engagement to the TRC of the last six 

months based on exposure. It explored that 65.1% of respondents were engaged in Instagram, 



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58.5% in YouTube, 55.2% in Facebook, 51.2% in Online newspapers,50.0% in Twitter, and 20.0% 

in blogs through the post, share, like and comment with these TRC. 

 

 

Note: *Multiple responses 

Figure 6. Visibility of health warning message on the TRC of MV/D/M/CB post 

 

The above figure (Figure 6) shows the visibility of health warning messages on the TRC 

of music videos, drama, movies, and celebrity’s posts. Among 322 respondents, 80.7% of 

respondents found health warning messages in the exposed TRC for most cases, while 34.8% 

found health warning messages for fewer issues. Only 5.9% of respondents found the health 

warning note in the exposed TRC for half of the cases. 

 

Table 9. Respondents who tried to consume tobacco influenced by TRC scene in new media 

 

Number of students Number Percentage 

Yes 48 11.9% 

No 357 88.1% 

Total 405 100.0% 

 

Table 9 shows the percentage of respondents who tried to consume tobacco seen by the 

TRC scene in new media. It found that 11.9% of respondents tried to consume tobacco by seeing 

glamorous TRC scenes in new media, while 88.1% did not try.  

 

 

 



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Tobacco Control Activities in New Media 

 

Note: *Multiple responses 

Figure 7. Types of tobacco control content exposed by the respondents 

 

Figure 7 shows the types of tobacco control content post on new media. The majority 

(63.3%) of the respondent exposed to video, 45.3% to image, 48.3% to text, and11.6% to audio on 

new media.  

 

Note: *Multiple responses; 

Figure 8.  Type of tobacco control activities based on new media 

 

The above graph (Figure 8) presents different types of tobacco control activities on new 

media. It found that 59.5% of respondents were exposed to various publicity workshops, 64.9% to 

awareness programs, and 18.9% to online seminars on new media. 

63.3%

48.3% 45.3%

11.6%

0.0%

20.0%

40.0%

60.0%

80.0%

Video Text Image Audio



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Figure 9. Respondents influenced by tobacco control activities in new media 

 

The above figure (Figure 9) shows the percentage of respondents influenced by tobacco 

control programs based on new media. Almost half of the students (51.1%) said that the tobacco 

control programs influenced them, and the rest of the respondents were not impacted. 

 

 
Note: *Multiple responses 

Figure 10. Tobacco control-related contents by new media 

 

The above figure (Figure 10) shows the tobacco control-related contents by new media. 

The highest majority (89.9%) of the respondents were exposed to tobacco control-related content 

in Facebook, 31.9% in YouTube, 12.6% in online newspapers, 9.9% in Blogs, 5.7% in Twitter, 

and 3.5% Instagram. 



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QUALITATIVE FINDINGS 

Observation Findings 

The Pattern of Tobacco Promotional Activities  

Presently, tobacco promotional activities have taken place in the new media largely; because of 

the prohibition of tobacco promotional activities in Bangladesh, there is no specific inclusion of 

the new media. Besides, mainly Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube are using for the 

promotional activities of tobacco for its ease of access; similarly, the young generation or 

university students think smoking is part of smartness, and they upload their smoking picture in 

“New Media”; this, by and large, influencing the people. 

The Tobacco industry cannot apply the direct techniques by using their logo, name or other 

things in the promotion, and if they do it, it will be an absolute crime according to the law. There 

may be the TI sponsorship in the different scenes of movies, drama, or YouTube videos where 

smoking is being shown as part of heroism. In addition, they have recruited advocates to work in 

favor of them for promoting their product in “New Media”.  

 

Influence Over University Students  

Students are the targeted customer of the TI, and utilizing this, it becomes easy to reach and 

influence them.  The age where the university student belongs is fascinating and wants to enjoy 

everything like a hero. The tobacco industries arrange different types of secret campaigns to spread 

the smoking tobacco. At the same time, TI hires celebrities to upload their heroism picture with 

smoking.  

The tobacco industry has developed some characteristics in new media via video, pictures 

with smoking tobacco that represent bravery and heroism. The university students copy those 

characteristics from the video and image to become competent and valor. This copy becomes a 

curse for the university students to a large extent, and they began to follow those excessively. 

 

Anti-tobacco Promotional Techniques in New Media 

Some organizations, individuals, and the government have taken some initiative for the tobacco 

control activities in new media. Though it has become the biggest platform, it is not using 

essentially by the anti-tobacco activists, individuals, and government.  

For the anti-tobacco promotional activities, different kinds of patterns are being followed. 

The designs are seminars, symposiums, awareness programs, drama and those are posted directly 

in the new media like Facebook, Twitter etc. Within a short time, it becomes easier to reach many 

populations. At the same time, the new media developed a scope where all kinds of opposing sides 

of tobacco become possible to telecast in detail.  

Government’s Role in Combating Tobacco Promotional Activities by Using New Media 
The study depicts that government can play a central role in combat tobacco promotional activities 

in new media by developing a new law related to tobacco promotional activities in the new media 

and can add substantial punishment for direct and indirect tobacco promotional activities in the 

new media. There is a problem that the tobacco sector is the second sector for large revenue 

generation, and here a question may arise about the role of government.  

 

DISCUSSION 

The study finds that due to advanced knowledge on technology and being young, university 

students are highly using new media, and TRC is spreading in new media to a large extent. 

Different tobacco promotional activities are visible in new media, which have distinct patterns 



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such as Audio, Video, Image and Text. In new media, both individuals and industries share 

different tobacco-related contents and products, which are exposed very highly to the new media 

users. These findings meet the demand of Choudhury et al. (2018) to develop a strategy to solve 

this issue.  

This study explored different tobacco promotional activities exposed to university students 

on which they have significant reactions. It agrees with James and Vishwanathan (2018) study 

finding regarding tobacco among university students. A substantial number of respondents 

(61.2%) were exposed to TRC by new media within the last 6-month where Facebook is on the 

top list. Since the previous 6-month TRC exposure, the use of smoking tobacco was found 

significantly higher among the respondents who exposed to TRC (24.6% vs 10.2%; p<0.01) and 

who engaged with TRC (36.5% vs 10.1%; p<0.001) compared to who did not. It indicates that 

these TRC are contributing to increasing the number of smokers among university students, which 

needs to draw attention, reflecting the study finding of (Hassan et al., 2019). It means Facebook is 

one of the easiest ways to promote different tobacco products by targeting young customers. 

Individuals and the tobacco industries are also using the other new media to reach the 

young new media users. Among the respondents who exposed different TRC on new media tend 

to engage with these in the post, share, like and comment. As a result, these TRC remain visible 

on new media for a long time and creates a positive attitude and belief about tobacco products, 

especially smoking tobacco. Non-smoker students are also exposed to TRC on new media and 

seeing different glamorous TRC posts by their virtual friends. They have tended to post and share 

TRC following their peer groups to get popularity (like and comment) among friends. As a result 

of one stage, they have the chance to addict to tobacco.  

However, this study explored that any tobacco industries are not directly connected with 

these TRC, but there may be an indirect link for further research. Although Tobacco industries are 

not directly affiliated with these TRC in many ways, their name, logo, and glamorous tobacco 

products are visible with these exposed TRC, which found on the homepage of the respondents on 

new media. It found that among the exposed TRC, one-fourth of the TRC are clearly showing 

different tobacco industries name and logo, brands and color that determined from the last 6-month 

exposure post.                                                              

In addition, the new media become an essential segment for the anti-tobacco promotional 

activities. This supports the finding of Arsenijević and Andevski (2015) regarding making people 

conscious about tobacco using social media. This study finds that the majority viewed different 

anti-tobacco promotional activities on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Blog, and YouTube. 

However, various anti-tobacco promotional activities are visible in new media, but student 

engagement is shallow with these activities ‘student engagement.  

 

RECOMMENDATION 

 In the tobacco advertisements prohibition law, it is mandatory to include the prohibition of 

tobacco advertisement in new media.  

 It is necessary to ensure that no TRC will be allowed to display on new media at personal and 

industrial levels without warning messages.  

 The government of Bangladesh should take adequate measures to formulate and implement a 

university-based intervention program to inform students about the harmful effects of tobacco 

use. In addition, those programs can telecast in new media. 

 It is necessary to take the initiative to include the tobacco-related program at formal university 

education so that they become aware deeply of its harmful effects. 



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 The government can develop programs related to the harmful effects of tobacco uses regularly 

and can telecast those in new media via the support of different anti-tobacco activists or 

organizations.  

 For reducing the extreme exposure of tobacco at university premises, it is essential to enforce 

the Smoking and Tobacco Products Usage (control) Act, 2005 and Amendment 2013 and its 

regulations. 

 For the students who already expressed to quit smoking, it is necessary to ensure proper 

assistance and tools for supporting them to stop smoking tobacco forever.  

 The government should take the initiative for establishing a tobacco cessation center at the 

university and can provide training to the health professional is students.  

  

CONCLUSION 

New media are the part of the modern technology, and it is easy to use. Different new media are 

being used mainly by individuals and industries for tobacco promotional activities, whether 

directly or indirectly. There is no clear direction about the prohibition of tobacco promotional 

activities in new media in Bangladesh. Tobacco Industries can access the targeted customer very 

easily by taking advantage of the loopholes of the law. One of the target markets of the TI is the 

young generation, and the students at the university level are youth. For attracting them, the 

tobacco industry has developed different tools and techniques basis on their regular activities in 

new media. The tobacco industries are posting, sharing tobacco-related content in new media 

indirectly to attract them. Indirect involvement of the Tobacco Industries is considerable in terms 

of user name and logo, product details, brand names, glamorous tobacco products and sponsorship 

of different events and movies on new media.  

In addition, still, some TRC scenes are visible in music videos, dramas, movies, and other 

celebrities post without health warning messages. By seeing this glamorous TRC scene, university 

students have primarily been influenced by the tobacco promotional activities in new media which 

indulging them to tobacco products largely. However, it becomes easier to reach millions of people 

by using new media within a short time, and it would be possible to involve the majority of 

university students in anti-tobacco promotional activities. The governments need to support and 

give sponsorships in anti-tobacco promotional activities to make them more efficient and effective 

to make people aware regarding life threatening impact of tobacco. Besides, findings of this study 

would be supportive to the policy makers of the government to regulate posting, sharing tobacco-

related content in new media in Bangladesh to save the youth like university students.  

 

 



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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

The authors are thankful to Bangladesh Center for Communication Programs (BCCP) for their 

technical input and Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Baltimore, USA, for their financial 

support from the Bloomberg Initiative. The authors are grateful to Mohammad Shamimul Islam, 

Team leader, JHSPH-BCCP Tobacco control program, for his direction, guidelines, & supportive 

actions throughout the research project. The authors are also thankful to Dr Kapil Ahemd, Miraz 

Mahmud and Farzana for assisting throughout the study period.  

 

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