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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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ABSTRACT 

In this article, the results of the study have been discussed on the cultivation of Uzbekistanskaya (st), Uzbekistan 

guzali (st), Redgauntlet (st), Zenga-Zengana, Medvey, Velikan, Dana varieties of strawberry that had been planted in 

experimental plots of strawberries in open field conditions at the scientific research institute of horticulture, 

viticulture and winemaking named after Academician M. Mirzaev in Tashkent region. The duration of phenological 

phases and periods of ripening of berries in the varieties Vnuchka, Victoria and Zamposhniya were also monitored. 

As a result, the ripening of strawberry varieties lasted from April 6 ("Victoria") to April 13 ("Uzbekistanskaya", 

"Redgauntlet"). The difference between varieties was 8 days. Fruit ripening was observed from May 3 ("Victoria") to 

June 24 ("Uzbekistanskaya" (st), "Zenga-Zengana"). It was observed that the duration of ripening was from 26 to 41 

days in the section of varieties indicated in the experiment. 

KEYWORDS 

Strawberry, varieties, Redgauntlet (st), Zenga-Zengana, Medwey, Velikan, Dana, Vnuchka, Victoria, Zamposhniya, 

experimental field, phenological observations, recording of buds, flowering, ripening period of fruits, tasting score. 

INTRODUCTION

The growing number of the world's population and its 

requirements for food requires the search for 

additional resources to increase the production of 

agricultural products, the efficient use of agricultural 

  Research Article 

 

THE PHENOLOGICAL PHASES AND RIPENING PERIOD OF STRAWBERRY 

FRUITS PLANTED IN THE OPEN FIELD AREAS 
 

Submission Date: March 19, 2024, Accepted Date:  March 24, 2024,  

Published Date: March 29, 2024 

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue03-06 

 

 

Abdullaeva Khilola Ravshanovna 
Scientific-Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking named after Academician Makhmud 

Mirzaev, Uzbekistan 

 

Allayarov Abdurakhman Nazaralievich  
Scientific-Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking named after Academician Makhmud 

Mirzaev, Uzbekistan 

 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

https://theusajournals.com
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue03-06
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue03-06


Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 31 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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land, and the production and implementation of new 

innovative technologies in the sector. To meet this 

demand the global production of strawberries makes 

9.5 million tons. The main share of the production, that 

is, 47.9% of the cultivated crop is in Asia and 24.5% is in 

the American continents. China is the leader in the 

cultivation of strawberries (Fragariaspp) in the world, 

with a harvest of 3.35 million tons, the USA grows 1.26 

million tons, Turkey 728 thousand tons and Egypt 638 

thousand tons of strawberries (FAOstat, 2022. 

http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC ). 

The main reason for the low volume of strawberry 

cultivation in our republic is the lack of varieties and 

hybrids with high yield, disease resistance, short 

intensive development process, high marketability of 

fruits and processing characteristics in the assortment 

of varieties. Also, enrichment with strawberry 

varieties, improvement of their growing technology is 

an urgent issue in the agricultural sector of the republic 

(Kh.Abdullaeva 2015). 

Studying the time of the beginning of the phenological 

phases depending on weather conditions allows to 

evaluate the adaptability of strawberry varieties and to 

recommend them for cultivation in the designated 

area, and the group of early-ripening varieties includes 

35 varieties, medium-ripening varieties include 58 

varieties, and late-ripening varieties include 25 varieties 

(M. I. Antipenko 2020). To increase the shelf life of 

fresh fruits, different ripening periods depend on the 

varieties (M.I.Antipenko 2020). 

F. ananassa Duch. is named in Russian "garden 

strawberry", its Uzbek local name is "strawberry" and 

in some scientific sources it is called "land mulberry". 

In the book "Identifier of plants of Uzbekistan" (1987) 

by A. Hamidov, M. Nabiev, T. Odilov, this species is 

named as strawberry. 

METHODS 

Field experiments are being conducted at the central 

experimental farm of Scientific Research Institute of 

Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking named after 

academician Makhmud Mirzaev, located in Tashkent 

District, Tashkent Region. 

The geographical coordinates of the experiment site 

are 450251 north latitude and 690161 east longitude, 

490 m above sea level and 5 km from Tashkent city. 

The soil condition of the experimental area is a typical 

gray soil with a deep underground water table, 

carbonate content from 19 to 23%, weakly alkaline (рN 

- 7.1), low structure, and prone to compaction and 

compaction. Irrigation is artificial and is carried out 

through ditches. 

During observation of the phenological phases, the 

formation of buds, the beginning of flowering, full 

flowering, the end of flowering, the beginning of 

ripening of the fruits, full ripening, the end of ripening 

of the fruits, the change of the color of the leaves, the 

shedding of the leaves and the end of vegetation were 

recorded. 

The day when the leaf tips started to emerge from the 

buds in most plants was recorded as the blooming date 

of buds. Observations were carried out day after day. 

Flowering dates:  

А) beginning – blooming of the first flower (-10%); 

B) full flowering - 60% blooming; 

C) the ending – 5% of the flowers are full, and the rest 

of the flowers are the shedding of flower petals in one 

way or another. The assessment of flowering power 

was determined on a 5-point scale, taking into account 

the age and development of the bush. 



Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 32 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
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Fruit ripening dates: 

А) beginning – the appearance of the first healthy fruits 

with ripe color;  

B) full ripening –50% of total fruits; 

C) the end of ripening – 90% of fruits ripen. 

The general condition of the berry bushes: every year 

in the spring and autumn seasons, the thickness of the 

stem (body) of the plant, the annual growth rate, the 

rate of leaf change, etc. were evaluated on a 5-point 

scale. 

Leaf color change was studied in autumn and 

expressed in scores: 0 - no leaf color change; 

1- the color changed on individual leaves;  

2- the color changed in 10% leaves;  

3- the color changed in 30% leaves;  

4- the color changed in 70% leaves;  

5- the color changed in more than 70% leaves. 

Natural shedding of leaves was determined from the 

date of 20-25% leaf shedding. Leaf shedding 

observation works were carried out once every five 

days. 

The degree of leaf shedding was visually characterized 

in cultivars that did not fully complete their vegetation 

before frost. Results were expressed as percentages 

(20, 40, 60, or 80% of leaves shed). In such varieties, the 

end of vegetation was recorded as the date of 

sustained frost, which caused growth to stop. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

All phenological observations are inextricably linked 

with weather conditions. According to the 

phenological observations of strawberry fruits, the 

earliest, middle and latest periods of phenophase 

transition were determined. The date of onset of the 

most frequent phenophase in the years of observation 

was shown as the middle period. 

Regarding the study of strawberry varieties, the 

growing season of strawberry varieties started a little 

later this year due to the fact that the duration of cold 

weather lasted longer than in previous years. In 10 

studied varieties of strawberry, vegetation, i.e. the 

formation of leaves, was observed between February 

7 and February 28. 

The beginning of flowering in strawberry varieties 

lasted from March 23 (“Vnuchka”) to March 27 

(“Zenga-Zengana”). The difference on duration 

between varieties was 5 days. The ending of flowering 

in strawberry varieties lasted from April 13 

(“Redgountlet” (st)) to April 22 (“Uzbekistanskaya”, 

“Viktoriya”, “Zamposhniya”). The duration of 

flowering made 30 days.  



Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 33 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
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Fig.1. Flowering phase  Fig.2. Ripening phase of fruit. 
 

The beginning of fruit ripening in strawberry varieties 

lasted from April 6 (“Viktoriya”) to April 13 

(“Uzbekistanskaya”, “Redgountlet”). The difference 

on duration between the varieties was 8 days. The 

ending of fruit ripening lasted from May 3 (“Viktoriya”) 

to June 24 (“Uzbekistanskaya” (st), “Zenga-

Zengana”). Ripening duration of vaieties was found to 

be among 26 days and 41 days (table-1). 

Table-1 

Phenoogical phases for strawberry varieties  

 

№ Varieties  

beginnin

g of 

vegetati

on 

flowering ripening 

beginning ending beginning ending 
duratio

n 

1 Uzbekistanskaya  (st) 16/II 25/III 22/IV 09/IV 14/V 35 

2 Uzbekistan guzali (st) 20/II 26/III 15/IV 10/IV 18/V 39 

3 Redgountlet (st) 20/II 25/III 13/IV 13/IV 13/V 30 

4 Zenga-Zengana 27/II 27/III 15/V 13/IV 24/VI 41 



Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 34 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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According to the results of the study, it was an 

important factor for the growth and development 

phases of strawberry varieties in 2023. When 

calculating the yield of strawberry varieties, the lowest 

indicator among five bushes was noted in "Victoria" 

variety 310 g, the highest indicator in "Medvey" variety, 

555 g. The lowest yield per bush was from 56.2 g. 

("Victoria") to 115.6 g. ("Medvey"). Among the 

varieties, the lowest yield indicator was noted 31.6 c/ha 

in the "Victoria" variety, while the highest indicator 

was observed in the "Medvey" variety and it was 61.5 

c/ha.  

Among the studied strawberry varieties, the lowest 

average weight of fruits was 8 g in the "Victoria" 

variety, and the largest fruit weight was 18 g. 

 

  
Fig.3. Fruits of strawberry varieties 

 

5 Medvey  16/II 27/III 15/IV 13/IV 09/V 26 

6 Velikan  18/II 26/III 20/IV 10/IV 20/V 40 

7 Dana  23/II 26/III 20/IV 13/IV 17/V 34 

8 Vnuchka  21/II 23/III 15/IV 12/IV 10/V 28 

9 Viktoriya 28/II 25/III 22/IV 06/IV 03/V 34 

10 Zamposhniya  23/II 25/III 22/IV 10/IV 17/V 37 



Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 35 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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During the research, the yield of strawberry varieties, 

i.e. the yield of five bushes, the average yield of one 

bush, the yield per centner, the average fruit mass and 

the mass of the largest fruit, and the tasting score were 

determined. 

Table-2 

The yield of strawberry varieties (in 2023) 

№ Varieties  

Yield 

from five 

bushes 

(g) 

average 

yield of 

one bush 

(g) 

c/hа 

the 

averag

e fruit 

mass 

mass of 

the 

largest 

fruit 

tasting 

score 

1.  
Uzbekistanskaya (st) 365 68,8 39,4 11 16 4,7 

2.  
Uzbekistan guzali (st) 478 94 53,4 9 18 5 

3.  
Redgauntlet (st) 439 90,2 50 9 24 4,3 

4.  
Zenga-Zengana 515 102,3 60,2 11 35 3,9 

5.  
Medvey  555 115,6 61,5 9 25 5 

6.  
Velikan  485 104,6 56,4 9 25 4,3 

7.  
Dana  345 74 39,4 11 22 4,6 

8.  
Vnuchka  424 85,4 48,6 7 18 4,2 

9.  
Viktoriya  310 56,2 31,6 8 18 3,4 

10.  
Zamposhniya  375 70,2 39,9 10 20 3,2 

 

According to the results of the study, an important 

factor was noted for the growth and development 

phases of strawberry varieties in 2023. When 

calculating the yield of strawberry varieties, the lowest 

indicator of five bushes was noted in the variety 

"Victoria" 310 g, the highest indicator in "Medvey" 555 

g.  

Table-3 

The yield of strawberry varieties (in 2022-2023) 



Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 36 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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The  

 

 

 

 

 

 

      

 

 

 

 

lowest indicator for the yield per bush was from 56.2 g 

("Victoria") to 115.6 g ("Medvey"). Among the 

varieties, the lowest yield indicator was found in the 

"Victoria" variety, 31.6 c/ha, while the highest indicator 

was observed in the "Medvey" variety, 61.5 c/ha. In the 

rest of control varieties, it was from 39.4 c/ha to 53.4 

c/ha 

Among the studied strawberry varieties, the lowest 

average fruit mass was 8 g in the "Victoria" variety, the 

largest one was 18 g, the highest indicator was 11 g in 

the "Uzbekistanskaya" (st) variety, and the largest fruit 

was 16 g, , the average indicator was 11 g in the "Zenga-

Zengana" variety, the largest fruit mass was 35 g, the 

average mass in "Dana" variety was 11 g, the largest 

fruit was 22 g. 

When the tasting score was determined, the lowest 

indicator was 3.2 points for the "Zamposhniya" variety, 

while the highest indicator was 5 points for the 

"Medvey" and "Uzbekistan guzali" (st) variety. 

CONCLUSION  

In conclusion, it was noted that all phenological 

observations are inextricably linked with weather 

conditions. 

№ Varieties  

Yield 

from 

five 

bushes 

(g) 

averag

e yield 

of one 

bush 

(g) 

c/hа 

the 

avera

ge 

fruit 

mass 

mass of 

the 

largest 

fruit 

tasting 

score 

1 Uzbekistanskaya (st) 365 68,8 39,4 11 16 4,7 

2 Uzbekistan guzali (st) 478 94 53,4 9 18 5 

3 Redgauntlet (st) 439 90,2 50 9 24 4,3 

4 Kobra (st) 515 102,3 60,2 11 35 3,9 

5 Dildor  895 184,8 100,2 9 24 5 

6 Medvey  555 115,6 61,5 9 25 5 

7 Velikan  485 104,6 56,4 9 25 4,3 

8 Dana  345 74 39,4 11 22 4,6 

9 Nagrada  424 85,4 48,6 7 18 4,2 

10 Viktoriya  310 56,2 31,6 8 18 3,4 

11 Zamposhniya  375 70,2 39,9 10 20 3,2 



Volume 04 Issue 03-2024 37 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 03    Pages: 30-37 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) (2024 - 8.02) 
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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The beginning of flowering in early ripening strawberry 

varieties lasted from March 23 ("Vnuchka") to March 

27 ("Zenga-Zengana"), and the end of the flowering 

phase was observed from April 13 in "Redgauntlet" (st) 

variety. The duration of flowering of all varieties was 30 

days in the experimental fields planted with 

strawberries. 

Fruit ripening of strawberry varieties began from April 

6 ("Victoria", "Uzbekistanskaya", "Redgauntlet"). The 

difference between varieties was 8 days. The end of 

fruit ripening was observed from May 3 ("Victoria") to 

June 24 ("Uzbekistanskaya" (st), "Zenga-Zengana"). 

The duration of ripening in varieties was 26 to 41 days. 

In experiments conducted on the productivity of 

strawberry varieties, the lowest indicator of five 

bushes on yield was noted in "Victoria" 310 g, the 

highest indicator in "Medvey", 555 g. 

The lowest yield indicator per bush was from 56.2 g 

("Victoria") to 115.6 g ("Medvey"). Among the 

varieties, the lowest yield indicator was found in the 

"Victoria" variety, 31.6 c/ha, while the highest indicator 

was observed in the "Medvey" variety, it was 61.5 c/ha. 

REFERENCES  

1. Abdullaev R.M., Yagudina S.I. Garden berries. – T.: 

Mekhnat, 1988. – P.123. 

2. Abdullaeva Kh.R. Increasing strawberry yield // 

Agriculture of Uzbekistan. - Tashkent, 2015. - No. 9. 

– P.14. 

3. Abdullaeva Kh.R. Economic and biological features 

of local and introduced varieties of strawberries 

and the development of some elements of 

agricultural technology in the conditions of the 

Tashkent region: 06.01.07 - Fruit growing and 

viticulture: Abs. diss. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 

agri.sciences - Tashkent, 2018. –p. 49.  

4. Abdullaeva Khilola Ravshanovna//Study and 

acclimatization of local and introducted strawberry 

varieties in the condition of Uzbekistan//European 

Journal of Agricultural and Rural Education 

(EJARE) Vol. 2 No. 12, December 2021/ pp-127-126. 

5. Abdullaeva Kh.R. Cultivation of berry plants // 

Agriculture of Uzbekistan. - Tashkent, 2015. - No. 3. 

- pp. 10-11. 

6. Andreeva G.V. Clarification of varietal agricultural 

technology of strawberries. Materials of the 

international conference. – Orel, 2003. 

7. Antipenko M.I. Main phenological characteristics 

of strawberry varieties in the conditions of the 

Samara region, State Budgetary Institution 

“Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal 

Plants “Jigulev Gardens””, Russia, Samara 2020.  


