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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 06    Pages: 7-10 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

This article provides information on soil fertility, mechanical composition, general physical properties, and 

classification by erosion level. Erosion processes influence soil fertility and, in turn, soil agronomic properties. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Degradation, erosion, mass, volume, ratio, porosity, mechanical composition. 

 

INTRODUCTION

The quality and composition of the fertility of irrigated 

soils around the world is changing every year, including 

"1.5 billion in the world. 0.4 billion hectares of arable 

land. hectare of high quality, 0.8 bln. hectare of good 

quality and 0.3 bln. hectares are unproductive lands. 

Soil salinity has a serious effect on the decrease of 

productivity. Therefore, it is important to identify 

degradation processes that affect soil productivity, to 

develop scientific solutions aimed at preventing such 

negative processes, to increase and protect soil 

productivity, and to effectively use land resources. 

In the world, scientific research is being carried out 

aimed at finding ways to effectively use lands 

degraded under the influence of various negative 

processes, whose productivity and quality indicators 

have decreased, and to obtain the desired yield from 

agricultural crops by restoring their productivity. In this 

regard, special attention is being paid to researches 

related to the management of land resources by 

studying the conditions of soils with different levels of 

erosion, selecting and planting suitable crop types, and 

constantly monitoring soil fertility. Currently, the 

productivity level of most of the lands used in 

agriculture, their ecological and melioration status is 

  Research Article 

 

SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE FERTILITY OF IRRIGATED SOILS 
 

Submission Date: May 31, 2024, Accepted Date:  June 05, 2024,  

Published Date: June 10, 2024 

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue06-02 

 

 

Orazaliyeva Maftuna  
Teacher at the Department of Agro-Soil Science and Reclamation at Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

https://theusajournals.com
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue06-02
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue06-02


Volume 04 Issue 06-2024 8 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 06    Pages: 7-10 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

not at the required level, but it is also observed that the 

fertility of the soils on the lands of farmers and farms is 

at a high level. . When using soils of any type and type, 

their productivity is demonstrated in practice, and local 

agromelioration and agrotechnological measures 

developed for this climate are used. With the help of 

the application of such measures, it is often possible to 

partially achieve the goal of increasing the soil fertility. 

However, increasing the accumulation of organic 

matter in the soil is necessary to increase the relatively 

stable and effective productivity of the soil, which is 

the main goal for the radical increase of soil fertility. For 

this, it is necessary to introduce the system of crop 

rotation, which currently prevails in agricultural 

practice, based on the soil-climatic conditions. 

According to the results of many studies, soil humus 

has a positive effect on its main properties. 

Determining the fertility of irrigated soils depends on 

their humus, phosphorus and potassium status. Based 

on the observations, in the irrigated soils of the gray 

soil region, especially in their upper layers, the total 

amount of humus, and accordingly, the reduction of 

total nitrogen was determined. It should also be noted 

that the amount of humus in the arable layer of 

cultured soils when high agrotechnics are used in the 

old and newly irrigated soils of the republic is 1.18-1.32%, 

in some cases 1.63-1.78% and more found to be high. By 

applying more organic fertilizers to the soil, it gives 

opportunities to maintain and increase their fertility. 

Another reason for the decrease in the productivity of 

irrigated soils is the violation of the law of timely return 

of nutrients and other substances taken from the soil. 

Cotton, grain plants, fruits, vegetables, and sugarcane 

crops grown annually on irrigated soils in large 

quantities remove a certain amount of nutrients, i.e., 

the crop and vegetative parts. Maintaining and 

increasing the fertility of soils used in agricultural 

practice directly depends on their correct and effective 

use. The rational use of the soil layer, which is an 

important part of the earth's resources, preserves and 

increases its productivity. From this point of view, in 

some lands, as a result of improper use of the soil, 

there are cases of its fertility decreasing. One of the 

important issues in maintaining and protecting soil 

fertility is the enrichment of the soil with organic 

matter and the correct placement of crops. According 

to the results of the analysis of scientific research, even 

in any type and type of soil, there are opportunities to 

increase the amount of humus in it by properly 

organizing the farming system. Recent studies have 

shown that dehumification of soils leads to a decrease 

in soil fertility. The reduction of organic matter in soils 

is accompanied by the loss of many positive 

agrochemical properties. The decrease of humus in the 

soil is an example of almost no alternating planting 

with alfalfa, not planting siderates, and not using 

organic fertilizers. In order to improve soil humus, it is 

necessary to apply organic fertilizer (manure) to all 

lands. As an additional source of such fertilizers, straw, 

cotton stalks, plant roots, various livestock. 

The amount of nutrients in the soil (nitrogen, 

phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, 

iron, boron, manganese and other microelements) 

depends on the composition of the soil, the rocks that 

form it, and the underlying bedrock, as well as the soil-

forming processes. Soil reaction has a great influence 

on the absorption of microelements by plants. Nutrient 

reserves in the soil are maintained by applying mineral 

and organic fertilizers. An important condition for 

fertility is the absence of excessive amounts of water-

soluble salts, mainly sodium, as well as magnesium, 

calcium and other cations in the soil. Excessive salt 

content in the soil - soil salinity is mainly caused by 

improper irrigation, resulting in a sharp decrease in 

productivity. Saline lands are washed to remove 

harmful salts from the soil layer (see Salt Leaching). In 

order to prevent salinity, the watering regime is 



Volume 04 Issue 06-2024 9 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 06    Pages: 7-10 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

determined depending on the nature and composition 

of the soil. Irrigation in drought areas, including 

irrigated farming zones, significantly increases soil 

fertility. Low soil fertility is often due to the presence 

of pathogenic organisms. Their elimination by means 

of chemical (sterilization of insects, spraying of 

fungicides, etc.) and agrotechnical measures (rotation 

of crops, tillage) dramatically increases the effective 

fertility of the soil. To preserve soil fertility, the soil is 

cultivated in ways that do not allow erosion.  

CONCLUSION 

 Due to the process of erosion, the mechanical 

composition of the soil has changed. Due to the 

formation of different conditions of local soil, it is not 

the same according to its mechanical composition. An 

increase in fractions from eroded soils to non-eroded 

soils was observed. It was observed that the general 

physical properties of soils in the researched area have 

deteriorated due to erosion processes. It affects soil 

fertility and, in turn, the agronomic properties of the 

soil. Depending on the degree of erosion and slope 

exposure, soil type and grain size, specific gravity 

varied across soil layers. A change in porosity was 

observed in accordance with the amount of 

comparison and bulk density. 

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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 06    Pages: 7-10 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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