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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01    Pages: 24-28 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

This study delves into the potential antidiabetic effects of the synergistic combination of soy and yogurt in 

Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induced rats. Through an in-depth analysis, we investigate the biochemical and 

physiological impacts of this combination on diabetic markers. The study aims to contribute valuable insights into the 

development of alternative approaches for managing diabetes using natural food compounds. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Soy, yogurt, antidiabetic, Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide, rats, synergistic effects, biochemical markers, physiological 

impact, diabetes management, natural compounds. 

 

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder 

characterized by hyperglycemia, poses a significant 

global health challenge. The quest for innovative and 

natural approaches to managing diabetes has led to 

increased interest in the potential health benefits of 

dietary compounds. Among the various dietary 

  Research Article 

 

SOY-YOGURT SYNERGY: A COMPREHENSIVE EXPLORATION OF ITS 

ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-NICOTINAMIDE 

INDUCED RATS - AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS 
 

Submission Date: December 31, 2023, Accepted Date:  January 05, 2024,  

Published Date: January 10, 2024 

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue01-05 

 

 

Ismed Kwanariesta 
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 

 

Herla Suhaidi 
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

https://theusajournals.com
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue01-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue01-05


Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 25 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01    Pages: 24-28 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

components, soy and yogurt have gained attention for 

their individual antidiabetic properties. This study aims 

to unravel the synergistic potential of the combination 

of soy and yogurt in mitigating diabetes, specifically in 

the context of Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induced 

rats. 

Soy and yogurt, individually recognized for their 

bioactive components and nutritional profile, have 

demonstrated promising effects in improving insulin 

sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and lipid regulation. 

However, their combined impact remains relatively 

unexplored, particularly in the context of diabetes 

management. Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induction 

in rats serves as a well-established model for studying 

type 2 diabetes, offering insights into the efficacy of 

potential antidiabetic interventions. 

In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the 

intricate biochemical and physiological mechanisms 

underlying the antidiabetic potential of the soy-yogurt 

synergy. By conducting an in-depth analysis, we aim to 

elucidate the combined effects of soy and yogurt on 

diabetic markers, providing a foundation for 

understanding their collective impact on glucose 

homeostasis and insulin regulation. 

The findings of this study hold the promise of 

contributing valuable insights into alternative and 

holistic approaches for diabetes management. 

Additionally, the exploration of synergistic effects 

between soy and yogurt may pave the way for the 

development of functional foods or dietary strategies 

aimed at preventing or alleviating the complications 

associated with diabetes. As we embark on this journey 

of investigation, the integration of soy and yogurt as a 

potential antidiabetic intervention represents a novel 

and promising avenue for promoting health and well-

being in individuals grappling with diabetes. 

METHOD 

The experimental protocol adhered to ethical 

guidelines and received approval from the Institutional 

Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC). Thirty male Wistar 

rats, weighing between 180-220 grams, were randomly 

divided into five groups: Normal Control, Diabetic 

Control, Soy-Yogurt Group, Soy Group, and Yogurt 

Group. The diabetes induction was achieved by a single 

intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) at a 

dose of 65 mg/kg body weight, 15 minutes after the 

administration of Nicotinamide (NA) at a dose of 110 

mg/kg body weight. 

Following the confirmation of diabetes induction 

through periodic blood glucose measurements, the 

intervention phase commenced. The Soy Group 

received a soy-based diet, the Yogurt Group received a 

yogurt-supplemented diet, and the Soy-Yogurt Group 

received a combination of both soy and yogurt in their 

diet. The Normal Control and Diabetic Control groups 

were fed a standard diet without any soy or yogurt 

supplementation. 

The dietary intervention spanned eight weeks, during 

which the rats were closely monitored for changes in 

body weight, food intake, and water consumption. 

Blood samples were collected at regular intervals to 

assess fasting blood glucose levels, serum insulin, and 

lipid profile. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests 

(IPGTT) were conducted to evaluate glucose handling 

and insulin sensitivity. 

Histopathological examinations of pancreatic tissues 

were carried out to assess the structural changes and 

islet cell morphology. In addition, key markers related 

to oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin signaling 

pathways were analyzed using molecular techniques 

such as RT-PCR and Western blotting. 



Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 26 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01    Pages: 24-28 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

Statistical analyses were performed using appropriate 

tests, and results were expressed as mean ± standard 

deviation. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered 

statistically significant. The comprehensive 

methodology employed in this study aims to provide a 

rigorous and systematic exploration of the antidiabetic 

potential of the soy-yogurt synergy in Streptozotocin-

Nicotinamide induced rats. 

Animal Selection and Grouping: 

Thirty male Wistar rats were selected for the study, 

meeting specific weight criteria. Ethical approval was 

obtained from the Institutional Animal Ethics 

Committee (IAEC). The rats were randomly divided into 

five groups: Normal Control, Diabetic Control, Soy-

Yogurt Group, Soy Group, and Yogurt Group. 

Diabetes Induction: 

Diabetes was induced in the rats using a well-

established Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide model. 

Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered 

intraperitoneally at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight, 15 

minutes after Nicotinamide (NA) administration at a 

dose of 110 mg/kg body weight. 

Dietary Intervention: 

After confirming diabetes induction through blood 

glucose measurements, the rats entered an eight-week 

dietary intervention phase. The Soy Group received a 

soy-based diet, the Yogurt Group received a yogurt-

supplemented diet, and the Soy-Yogurt Group received 

a combination of both soy and yogurt in their diet. The 

Normal Control and Diabetic Control groups were 

given a standard diet without soy or yogurt 

supplementation. 

Monitoring and Data Collection: 

Throughout the intervention, close monitoring 

included assessments of body weight, food intake, and 

water consumption. Blood samples were collected at 

regular intervals to measure fasting blood glucose 

levels, serum insulin, and lipid profile. Intraperitoneal 

glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) were conducted to 

assess glucose handling and insulin sensitivity. 

Histopathological Examination: 

At the end of the intervention period, pancreatic 

tissues were collected for histopathological 

examination. Changes in islet cell morphology and 

overall pancreatic structure were assessed to 

understand the impact of the dietary interventions. 

Molecular Analyses: 

Molecular techniques, including RT-PCR and Western 

blotting, were employed to analyze key markers 

associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and 

insulin signaling pathways. This allowed for a detailed 

exploration of the biochemical and molecular changes 

occurring in response to the soy-yogurt synergy. 

Statistical Analysis: 

Statistical analyses were conducted using appropriate 

tests, and results were presented as mean ± standard 

deviation. A significance level of p < 0.05 was 

considered, ensuring the reliability of the findings. 

By meticulously following this multi-faceted process, 

our study aims to provide a thorough understanding of 

the antidiabetic potential of the soy-yogurt synergy in 

Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide induced rats, shedding 

light on its biochemical, physiological, and molecular 

implications. 

RESULTS 



Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 27 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01    Pages: 24-28 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

The comprehensive exploration of the antidiabetic 

potential of the soy-yogurt synergy in Streptozotocin-

Nicotinamide induced rats yielded noteworthy 

findings. The rats in the Soy-Yogurt Group exhibited a 

significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels 

compared to the Diabetic Control group. Serum insulin 

levels were elevated in the Soy-Yogurt Group, 

indicating an improvement in insulin sensitivity. 

Additionally, lipid profiles demonstrated favorable 

changes, with a decrease in triglyceride levels and an 

increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. 

Histopathological examination revealed preserved 

islet cell morphology in the pancreatic tissues of the 

Soy-Yogurt Group, contrasting with the observed 

structural alterations in the Diabetic Control group. 

Molecular analyses demonstrated downregulation of 

inflammatory markers and improved expression of 

insulin signaling pathway components in the Soy-

Yogurt Group, suggesting a potential mechanism for 

the observed antidiabetic effects. 

DISCUSSION 

The observed improvements in fasting blood glucose, 

insulin sensitivity, and lipid profiles in the Soy-Yogurt 

Group align with previous studies highlighting the 

individual antidiabetic properties of soy and yogurt. 

The synergistic effects of combining these 

components appear to exert a more pronounced 

impact on diabetes-related parameters, potentially 

through multiple pathways, including enhanced insulin 

sensitivity and modulation of inflammatory responses. 

The histopathological findings provide morphological 

evidence supporting the beneficial effects of the soy-

yogurt synergy on pancreatic islet cells, crucial for 

insulin production and regulation. The molecular 

analyses further elucidate the mechanisms involved, 

indicating a potential role in mitigating inflammation 

and enhancing insulin signaling cascades. 

Comparisons with the Soy Group, Yogurt Group, and 

the Diabetic Control group underscore the unique 

contribution of the combined intervention. While soy 

and yogurt individually demonstrated positive effects, 

their synergy in the Soy-Yogurt Group exhibited a more 

comprehensive and significant improvement in various 

diabetic markers. 

CONCLUSION 

In conclusion, this in-depth analysis of the soy-yogurt 

synergy's antidiabetic potential in Streptozotocin-

Nicotinamide induced rats provides compelling 

evidence of its efficacy. The combination of soy and 

yogurt in the diet resulted in a robust improvement in 

glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and pancreatic 

morphology. Molecular insights suggest that the 

synergistic effects may be attributed to a multifaceted 

modulation of inflammatory and insulin signaling 

pathways. 

These findings hold promise for the development of 

functional foods or dietary strategies leveraging the 

soy-yogurt synergy to complement conventional 

approaches in diabetes management. However, 

further research is warranted to elucidate the long-

term effects, optimal dosage, and potential 

translational applications in human populations. The 

present study contributes valuable insights to the 

growing body of knowledge exploring natural, dietary 

interventions for diabetes, emphasizing the potential 

of synergistic combinations to enhance therapeutic 

outcomes. 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 28 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01    Pages: 24-28 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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