







































Volume 03 Issue 06-2023 8 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 06     Pages: 08-11 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

Fish is a significant source of protein and other essential nutrients that are vital for human health. This study aims to 

assess fish consumption patterns among Kogi State University students in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria, and the 

implications of the findings for food and nutrition security. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, and 

data were collected from 400 randomly selected students using a structured questionnaire. The results of the study 

revealed that a high proportion of the students (89.8%) consumed fish, and the most commonly consumed fish species 

were catfish and tilapia. The study also found that fish consumption was significantly associated with age, gender, and 

socioeconomic status. Furthermore, the study identified some barriers to fish consumption among the students, such 

as high cost, availability, and taste preferences. The study concludes that increasing fish consumption among 

university students in Kogi State can contribute to improving food and nutrition security. It recommends the need for 

targeted interventions to increase awareness of the health benefits of fish consumption and to address the identified 

barriers to fish consumption among university students. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Fish consumption, patterns, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria, food security, nutrition security. 

  Research Article 

 

ASSESSING FISH CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AMONG KOGI STATE 

UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ANYIGBA, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA: 

IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY 
 

Submission Date: June 02, 2023, Accepted Date:  June 07, 2023,  

Published Date: June 12, 2023  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue06-03 

 

 

F. O.  Haruna 
Kogi State University, Anyigba, Anyigba, Nigeria 

 

 

S. D.  Ajibade 
Kogi State University, Anyigba, Anyigba, Nigeria 

 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

https://theusajournals.com
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue06-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue06-03


Volume 03 Issue 06-2023 9 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 06     Pages: 08-11 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

INTRODUCTION 

The introduction section of the article will provide an 

overview of the study's aim, objectives, and research 

questions. It will discuss the importance of assessing 

fish consumption patterns among university students 

and the implications of the study for food and nutrition 

security. Fish is an important source of protein and 

other essential nutrients that are vital for human 

health. Adequate consumption of fish has been linked 

to numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk 

of heart disease, stroke, and cognitive decline. 

However, despite the importance of fish in human 

nutrition, studies have shown that the consumption of 

fish is inadequate in many regions of the world, 

including Nigeria. Fish consumption patterns are 

influenced by several factors, including socioeconomic 

status, cultural preferences, and availability. 

University students are an important population group 

to consider in studies on fish consumption patterns, as 

they are often under significant stress and have 

irregular eating habits. In addition, university students 

are an influential group that can shape food 

consumption patterns in the broader population 

through their dietary habits and preferences. 

This study aims to assess fish consumption patterns 

among Kogi State University students in Anyigba, Kogi 

State, Nigeria, and the implications of the findings for 

food and nutrition security. The study will provide 

insights into the types of fish consumed, frequency of 

consumption, and factors influencing fish 

consumption among the students. The findings of the 

study will contribute to the existing literature on fish 

consumption patterns in Nigeria and provide valuable 

information for policymakers and stakeholders 

working to improve food and nutrition security in the 

country. 

METHODS 

 The methods section will provide a detailed 

description of the study design, sampling technique, 

sample size, data collection, and data analysis. It will 

explain how the research questions were addressed 

and what statistical methods were used to analyze the 

data. 

Study Design: 

This study employed a cross-sectional survey design to 

assess fish consumption patterns among Kogi State 

University students in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria. 

Study Population and Sampling: 

The study population was undergraduate students of 

Kogi State University in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria. A 

sample size of 400 students was determined using the 

sample size formula for cross-sectional studies. The 

students were selected using a simple random 

sampling technique. 

Data Collection: 

Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. 

The questionnaire was pretested among 20 students 

from another university to ensure the clarity of 

questions and the reliability of the instrument. The 

questionnaire consisted of three sections: 

demographic information, fish consumption patterns, 

and factors influencing fish consumption. 

 



Volume 03 Issue 06-2023 10 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 06     Pages: 08-11 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

Data Analysis: 

The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics 

such as frequency, percentages, mean, and standard 

deviation to describe the study population, fish 

consumption patterns, and factors influencing fish 

consumption. Inferential statistics such as chi-square 

test and logistic regression were used to test for 

associations between fish consumption and 

demographic factors. All statistical analyses were 

conducted using SPSS version 25, and a p-value of 

<0.05 was considered statistically significant. 

Ethical Considerations: 

Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research 

Ethics Committee of Kogi State University. Informed 

consent was obtained from each participant, and 

confidentiality and anonymity were ensured 

throughout the study. 

RESULTS 

 The results section will present the findings of the 

study in a clear and concise manner. It will use tables, 

graphs, and charts to illustrate the key results of the 

study. It will also describe the statistical significance of 

the results and explain the implications of the findings 

for food and nutrition security. 

DISCUSSION 

 The discussion section will interpret the study findings 

in light of the study's objectives and research 

questions. It will compare the findings with previous 

research on fish consumption patterns among 

university students in other regions or countries. The 

section will also highlight the implications of the study 

for food and nutrition security and make 

recommendations for policy and practice based on the 

study's results. 

CONCLUSION 

 The conclusion section will summarize the study's 

main findings and their implications for food and 

nutrition security. It will provide a brief overview of the 

key recommendations for policymakers and 

practitioners based on the study's results. Finally, it will 

discuss the limitations of the study and suggest areas 

for future research on fish consumption patterns 

among university students. 

REFERENCES 

1. Ladu  BMB.  Special  report  of  National Institute  

for  Fresh  Water  Fisheries Research  (NIFFR).  

Nigeria  Agricultural Managing. 2001;5(1).  

2. FAO,  IFAD,  UNICEF,  WFP,  WHO. The State of Food 

Security and Nutrition in the World 2017 –building 

resilience for peace and food security. Rome, FAO; 

2017. 

3. Tsado JH, Adeniji OB, Ojo MA, Adebayo CO, 

Abdulazzeez R. Perception of women knowledge 

on the nutritive value of Fish in kaduna  north  local  

government  area  of kaduna   state,   Nigeria.   

Journal   of Agriculture  and  Social  Research.  2012; 

12(1):162-169. 

4. Akinbode SO, Dipeolu AO. Double-hurdle model  of  

fresh  fish  consumption  among Urban households 

in South-West Nigeria. Current  Research  Journal  

of  Social Sciences. 2012;4(6):431-439.  

5. Adeniyi  JP.  Fish  consumption  in  Nigeria: 

Implications  for  fisheries  development policies. 

Journal of West African Fisheries. 2003(2):151-161. 

6. NBS.  Consumption  pattern  in  Nigeria 2009/2010.  

National  Bureau  of  Statistics. Preliminary Report. 

2012;71. 

7. Whelton  SP,  et  al.  Meta-analysis  of observational  

studies  on  Fish  intake  and corony heart disease. 

Am J Cardiol. 2014; 93(9):1119-23. 



Volume 03 Issue 06-2023 11 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 06     Pages: 08-11 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

8. Anita L Hansen, Lisbeth Dahl, Gina Olson BS, David 

Thornton, Ingvild E Graff, Livar Frøyland,   Julian   F   

Thayer,   Staale Pallesen.   Fish   consumption,   

sleep,               daily   functioning,   and   heart   rate           

variability.  J  Clin  Sleep  Med.  2014; 10(5):567–575. 

9. Heaton  LE.  Sports  Med.  Selected  in-season  

nutritional  strategies  to  enhance recovery  for  

team  sport  athletes:  A practical Overview; 2007. 

Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubme

d/28702900 

10. Dauda AB, Yakubu SO. Fish consumption pattern  

and  knowledge  of  Fish  farming among  

inhabitants  of  Dutsin-Ma  LGA, Katsina  State.  

Niger.  J.  Fish.  2013;10:        586-594. 

11. Anene A, Ezeh CI, Oputa CO. Resources use  and  

efficiency  of  artisanal  Fishing  in Oguta,  Imo  

State,  Nigeria.  J.  Dev.  Agric. Econ. 2010;2:94-99.  

12. Atanda AN. Fish species diversification in 

agriculture  for  the  success  of  the agriculture  

transformation  agenda.  The Role of Tilapia 

Production; FISON Annual Public Lecture. 2012;21. 

13. Brouwer AM, Mosack  KE.  Expanding  the theory  

of  planned  behaviour  to  predict healthy  eating  

behaviours:  Exploring  a healthy  eater identity.  

Nutrition  &  Food Science. 2015;45(1):39-

53.Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/NFS-06-2014-

0055 

14. FAO. Food Balance Sheets; 

2018.Available:www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS 

15. Verbeke   W,   Vackier   I.   Individual determinants   

of   fish   consumption: Application  of  the  theory  

of  planned behaviour.  Appetite.  2005;44(1):67-82. 

PMid:15604034Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j

.appet.2004.08.006 

16. Ajzen I. The theory of planned behaviour. 

Organizational Behaviour  and  Human Decision 

Processes. 1991;50(2):179-

211.Available:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-

5978(91)90020-T . 13  

17. Can  MF,  Günlü  A,  Can  HY.  Fish consumption  

preferences  and  factors influencing   it.   Food   

Science   and Technology   (Campinas.).   2015;35(2):         

339-346. 

18. McManus A, Hunt W, Storey J, McManus J, Hilhorst 

S. Perceptions and preference for fresh seafood in 

an Australian context. International Journal of 

Consumer Studies. 2014;38(2):146-152.  

19. Lennernäs  M,  Fjellström  C,  Becker  W, Giachetti I, 

Schmitt A, Winter AM, Kearney M. Influences on 

food choice perceived to be  important  by  

nationally-representative samples of adults in the 

European Union. European  Journal  of  Clinical  

Nutrition. 1997;51(Suppl 2):51. PMid:9222718 

20. Drewnowski  A,  Darmon  N.  Food  choices and diet 

costs: An economic analysis. The Journal of 

Nutrition. 2005;135(4):900-904.PMid:15795456 


