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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

The article gives information about the results of the experiments, provided to identify efficiency of the insecticide 

“HELITEC” to control larvae’s of cherry slug (Cаlirоа сеrаsi L.) in laboratory and field conditions. During the 

experiments, it has recorded 98-100 % efficacy within 3 days at the laboratory, but at the field condition index changed 

to 80,1-85,0 percent at the seventh day in consumption rate 0,4-0,5 l/ha for each experiment. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Cherry slug (Саlirоа сеrasi L.), larvae, ordo, imago, consumption rate, microbial insecticide, Heliteс, baculovirus, 

biological efficiency. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

In terms of cherry fruit production and export to the 

global market, Uzbekistan currently holds a unique 

position in horticulture. Uzbekistan is one of the top 10 

cherry-growing countries in the world, among the 65 

largest. In our country, there are 20,900 hectares of 

cherry orchards, with an average production of 13,2 

  Research Article 

 

STUDYING OF EFFICIENCY OF THE MICROBIAL INSECTICIDE “HELITEC” 

AGAINST CHERRY SLUG (CАLIRОА СЕRАSI L.) IN LABORATORY AND 

FIELD CONDITIONS 
 

Submission Date: February 03, 2023, Accepted Date:  February 08, 2023,  

Published Date: February 13, 2023  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue02-02 

 

 

N.Kh.Tufliyev 
DSc, Scientific research institute of plant quarantine and protection, Uzbekistan 

 

Z.B.Kholmirzayeva 
Doctorant, Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies, Uzbekistan 

 

 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023 6 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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tonnes per hectare. All types of farms in the republic 

are expected to generate 183,000 tonnes of cherry 

goods this year, of which farmers and agricultural 

companies will produce 82,200 tonnes. [Information 

provided by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic 

of Uzbekistan's information service]. 

One of the biggest challenges facing today's exporters 

is increasing the marketability and productivity of 

cherry fruit and developing it in accordance with global 

needs. In this situation, the creation of ecological 

natural goods must receive special attention, and 

widespread usage of microbiological insecticides to 

pest and disease control must be implemented. 

It is known that more than 10 insect pests would attack 

cherry orchards during the season. Cherry slug (Caliroa 

cerasi L.) is one of the significant harmful species 

among them. Due to its damage, the productivity falls, 

the fruit's quality declines, and the trees eventually 

perish (Fig. 1).  

Cherry slug (Caliroa cerasi L.) belongs to the family 

Tenthredinidae of the ordo Hymenoptera 

[1,2,5,8,9,11,12]. The pest widespread in Europe, Asia, 

China, Japan, South and North America, South and 

North Africa, New Zealand. 

Adult pest glossy black, 4-6 mm long, the fake pupa in 

a cocoon overwinters in the soil. It turns into a dome in 

the spring. Adults fly in late spring depending on local 

temperatures. They often reproduce by 

partonogenesis. Females lay 50-75 eggs, one by one, 

under the leaves. Eggs develop in 8-14 days. The larva 

feeds on leaves for 17-28 days and turns into a pupa in 

the soil [2,5,9,12]. During the monitoring, in 2019-2021, 

it was recorded 3 generations a year in the conditions 

of the Fergana Valley. 

The pest attacks a variety of plants, including cherry, 

plum, rowan, quince, pear, and hawthorn. The larva 

eats by nibbling on epidermis of the leaf's top side (Fig. 

2). It does not touch the bark on the underside, that is, 

it pierces one side of the leaf. Cherry slug is a moisture-

loving pest. If the air humidity drops below 30-40%, the 

mass death of its young larvae can observed [2,5,9,12]. 

According to Beеrs, [7] Cherry slug gives two 

generations a year, and larvae of the second 

generation damage young trees even more lethal than 

the first generation. The optimal temperature for this 

pest is between 5 and 300 by celsius [8]. 

The experiment was provided at the horticulture 

farmland named “Hoji Abdulxai” of the Paxtaobod 

district and at residential gardens of the Izbosgan 

district of the Andijan region in 2019-2021.  

During our observations, it was found that the Cherry 

slug - Saliroa cerasi L., belonging to the family of 

Hymenoptera, causes serious damage in cherry 

orchards. The first hatched larvae of the pest appeared 

in our experimental field on May 1-3. their mass 

damage coincided with the period of late ripening of 

cherry fruits. This caused inconvenience to cherry 

farms due to the delay in chemical treatment of 

orchards. As a result, 20-30% of the branches of the 

older trees died, and 60-80% of the young seedlings 

were damaged (fig.1.).  

Such problems in cherry orchards have attracted the 

attention of world scientists. In particular, a number of 

scientists from Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, and 

Washington carried out a number of works on testing 

microbiological preparations. In Australia biological 

control of cherry slug, using natural enemies such as 

Beauveria bassiana and Blastocrithidia caliroa led to 

dramatic reductions in their numbers. [3,4]. 

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue02-02
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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023 7 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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1-расм.  Cherry slug (Caliroa cerasi L.) damage in horticultural farm "Khoji Abdulkhai", Pakhtaabad district, Andijan 

region. Foto by Z.B. Kholmirzaeva 05/19/2020.  

In addition, Lathrolestes luteolator caused 90% larval 

mortality in the first generation of Cherry slug, but 

failed to control larvae in the second generation. [11]. 

In our scientific research, we studied the biological 

effectiveness of the Helitec (c.s.) microbiological 

biopreparation produced by Kenya Biologics Ltd. In the 

laboratory and field conditions. 

Helites (c.s.) is a preparation containing 5x1012 

polyhedrosis (NPV) in one liter of solution, a virus 

belonging to the polyhedrosis subclass of the 

baculovirus family.  

Representatives of the subgroup of polyhedrosis are 

especially numerous. According to the list compiled by 

V.V. Guliy et al., (1982), in the territories of the former 

Soviet Union, viruses of this subgroup were recorded 

in more than 109 species of insects belonging to three 

orders and 24 families, including 99 species of 

Lepidoptera (19 families), 7 species of Hymenoptera (4 

families), 3 types of dipterans (2 families) have been 

studied [13,14].   

Polyhedrosis viruses develop in the hypodermis in fat 

cells, hemolymph, and in arracks in the epithelia of the 

middle intestine. Insects are mainly infected in the 

larval stages. 

Symptoms of the disease in larvae are as follows. At 

first, the abdominal joints of false worms turn a milky 

color, a milky white liquid flows from the mouth, and a 

dark brown drop comes out of the anus. Later, the 

false worms attach to the leaf plate by secreting a 

sticky substance and die from the virus in 24-48 hours. 

[13].  

Symptoms of NPV infection include: discoloration 

(brown and yellow), stress, decomposition (dilution), 

slow movement, generally expressed by the refusal of 

the insect to eat [13,14,15]. 

 

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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023 8 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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MATERIALS AND METHODS 

We conducted the research in laboratory conditions 

together with the scientists of the Research Institute 

of Plant Protection. "Methodological guidelines for 

testing biological preparations for protecting plants 

from pests, diseases and weeds" (1973) were used for 

laboratory experiments. In determining the biological 

effectiveness of microbiological preparations, Sh.T. 

Khojaev's "Basic conditions for testing insecticides 

against pests and diseases of agricultural crops in small 

and large field experiments / Collection of 

methodological instructions for testing insecticides, 

acaricides, biologically active substances and 

fungicides", II edition (2004) methodological 

instructions were used.   

The experiment was conducted in 4 repetitions of 3 

options. To conduct the experiment, a 35x15x15 plastic 

container was taken, and 5 cm of experimental garden 

soil was placed at the bottom of the container(fig. 2.).  

 

 

Figure 2. 35x15x15 size plastic containers adapted for feeding the cherry slug in laboratory conditions (by Z.B. 

Kholmirzaeva 3.06.2020.). 

Band of leaves treated with 0.4 and 0.5 l/ha of Helitec 

biopreparation on freshly cut cherry leaves was 

wrapped with wet cotton and laid on the soil. The 

control variant was treated with water. Then, 10 larvae 

of the same age of cherry slug collected from cherry 

orchards were placed on the leaves. Wet cotton was 

taped to the walls of the container to maintain the 

humidity in the container, and it was renewed every 12 

hours. The air temperature was maintained at a 

standard of 250C, and the relative humidity of the air 

was kept at 60-65%.  

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

After the experiment, count observations were made 

every 24 hours. 

It was observed that the insects in our experiment 

completely stopped feeding and moving after 24 

hours, and 20% of them died. 

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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023 9 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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After 72 hours, the color of the larvae of the cherry slug 

turned yellowish brown and the biological efficiency 

was 80.0%, and in 5 days, 100% of the larvae died and 

their color turned dark, that is, the signs of death due 

to viruses were clearly visible. (fig.3.).  

 

Figure 3. Biological efficiency of Helitec 

In the control variant, when treated with normal water, 

it was noted that the larvae of the cherry slug were 

feeding on cherry leaves and they were actively 

moving (fig 4.). 

   
Figure 4. Experiment: larvae of 
cherry slug infested with Helitec 
0.5 l/ha (by Z.B. Kholmirzaeva 
05.05.2020). 

 Experiment: larvae of cherry slug 
infested with Helitec 0.4 l/ha (by 
Z.B. Kholmirzaeva 05.05.2020). 

Experiment: larvae of cherry slug 
infested with water (by Z.B. 
Kholmirzaeva 05.05.2020). 
 

 

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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023 10 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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Observing that the above-mentioned signs correspond 

exactly to the cases of death caused by the virus, it was 

concluded that the larvae died due to virus damage. In 

the control option, i.e., when treated with normal 

water, the larvae of the cherry slug fed on cherry leaves 

and they were actively moving (Fig. 4).  

Due to the fact that the microbiological preparation 

Helitec has achieved high efficiency against cherry slug 

in laboratory conditions, on May 1, 2021 and 2022, it was 

tested on the “Volovaya serdtsa” variety of cherry in 

small field experiments in horticultural farms and 

household farms in Andijan, Fergana, Namangan 

regions. Experiments conducted in 3 option, consisted 

of 4 returns and was processed using a “Samara 999”- 

motorized hand sprayer.  

 

 

 

Figure 5а. Larva of the cherry slug, which died under the influence of a microbiological preparation Figure b. 

larvae of the cherry slug, which died under the influence of a chemical preparation 

In the field experiment, when observations were made 

24 hours after the application of the microbiological 

preparation, as in our experiment in the laboratory, the 

larvae of the cherry slug almost did not differ from 

healthy ones and stopped feeding, and the biological 

efficiency of the preparation was on average 13.6-15.9% 

in field conditions in Andijan region, 11.1 in Namangan 

region. It was observed that it was -13.5%, and in 

Fergana region it was 13.3-16.3%. 

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Volume 03 Issue 02-2023 11 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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Figure 6. Biological effectiveness of Helitec microbiological preparation in field conditions, Andijan region 

On the 3rd day after the use of the drug, when 

observations were made, symptoms of yellowing and 

swelling were observed in the larvae of the cherry slug, 

and the larvae turned upside down on the leaf plate, 

and the biological efficiency of the drug was 59.2-61.8% 

in field conditions in Andijan region, 54.9- 61.9%, and in 

Fergana region was 69.7-80.4% (fig 6.). 

On the 7th day of the experiment, the larvae of the 

cherry slug turned dark, and the biological efficiency of 

the drug was 81.7-84.5% in Andijan region, 80.1-83.7% in 

Namangan region, and 81.4-85% in Fergana region. It 

was observed that it was 0% (Fig. 6). The conclusion is 

that we used the microbiological preparation in the 

first decade of May, during which the average air 

temperature was 20-250C and the relative humidity 

was 50-60%. Since this period is a favorable period for 

the use of microbiological preparations, the biological 

efficiency in field conditions is on average 80.1 It was 

85.0%. According to the results of the experiment, it is 

recommended to use this biopreparation against 

cherry slug in order to obtain an ecologically safe 

product in the future. 

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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 02     Pages: 05-12 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471)  
OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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4. Lipa, J.J., Carl, K.P. and Valentine, E.W. (1977) 

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