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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
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ABSTRACT 

The irrigated soils scattered in the Khorezm oasis on the lower shore of Amudarya have great potential in the 

agriculture of our republic. Therefore, the creation of a system of measures aimed at preserving and protecting them, 

increasing production capacity and productivity, and improving land reclamation is one of the most important current 

issues of today. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Water properties, irrigated soils and khorazm region. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

It is important to deeply analyze the current 

agrophysical condition of the main soils distributed in 

the territory of the Khorezm oasis, to determine the 

change in the level of soil fertility as a result of 

irrigation, and to develop the scientific basis for its 

improvement. In order to solve this goal, it is necessary 

to study the properties of water in the soil layers, 

taking into account the geomorphological, lithological 

  Research Article 

 

WATER PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF KHORAZM REGION 
 

Submission Date: December 01, 2022, Accepted Date:  December 05, 2022,  

Published Date: December 09, 2022  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume02Issue12-01 

 

 

R. Kurvontoev 
Scientific Research Institute Of Soil Science And Agrochemistry, Tashkent Region, Qibray District, "Botanika" 

Neighborhood Citizens' Meeting, Uzpiti Street, Taiti, Uzbekistan 

 

K. Fayziev 
Gulistan State University, 120100. Syrdarya Region, Gulistan City, Iv Microdistrict Uzbekistan 

Journal Website: 

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com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022 2 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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and hydrogeological conditions of the soil. In different 

periods, the ameliorative state of the Amudarya lower 

reaches, including the Khorezm oasis, soil cover, 

distribution, chemical, physical-chemical and including 

water-physical properties were studied by various 

factors [1-4]. 

However, since these scientific works were carried out 

in the past, the current state of the Khorezm oasis soils 

does not fully describe the period. Therefore, it is 

necessary to carry out scientific research in order to 

reflect the current situation. 

Research object and methods. The irrigated soils of 

Khorezm region serve as a research object. The water 

properties of these soils are generally accepted, the 

methods are soil moisture drying method at 1050 C, 

water capacities in laboratory conditions by cylinder 

method and water permeability in field conditions by 

S.I. It was determined by the Dolgov method. 

Analysis of the obtained results. Knowledge of water-

physical properties of soil under irrigated agriculture is 

important in increasing its productivity. Water-physical 

properties determine soil moisture consumption and 

mobility, as well as nutrient uptake. 

Water properties of the irrigated meadow soils of 

Khorezm region are different levels of moisture 

obtained during the cutting period, where the 

influence of irrigation and erosion seepage can be 

observed. The effect of the Eros storm water is clearly 

visible in the grassy soils scattered in I. Kholmetov 

Water Consumption Association (WCA) of Gurlan 

district, "Khorazm" WCA of Shavat district and Al-

Khorazmi WCA. Their amount fluctuates from 24 to 32% 

in the layers close to the seepage water. At all the 

obtained points, it is possible to observe a sharp 

decrease in moisture in the driving layer. At the same 

time, a lack of natural moisture was observed in some 

deep layers with a light mechanical composition. 

According to the results of the research, the field 

moisture capacity (FMC) in the upper meter layer of 

weakly saline sandy loam, light sandy and grassy soils 

is 22% on average, and this indicator is 22-23% in relation 

to the soil mass in light medium sandy types with 

moderate salinity. (Table 1) 

Thus, it was determined that the water properties of 

the soils, their mechanical composition, layer density, 

mineralogical and salinity levels are not homogeneous 

due to the haze. According to the obtained data, total 

and capillary moisture capacity is slightly higher in 

grassland soils. For example: KNS - 30-32%, and TNS - 35-

37%, respectively, of the driving layer obtained from the 

entire section. In the driving layer, this value is slightly 

reduced. 

 

 

Table 1 

Water capacity of irrigated soils of Khorezm region 

 

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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022 3 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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Location 

№ 

Layer depth, 

см 

FMC KNS TNS 
Location 

№ 

Layer depth, 

см 

FMC KNS TNS 

"Bogolon" WCA, Yangibozor district Khanka District Al-Khorazmi WCA 

88 

0-35 22,20 30,55 35,41 

589 

0-30 21,52 31,25 36,11 

35-55 22,30 31,21 36,40 30-37 21,00 31,15 36,23 

55-100 21,50 31,18 36,90 37-50 22,72 31,16 36,56 

100-150 21,80 31,91 36,10 50-70 22,36 31,57 36,18 

150-200 21,90 31,01 36,80 70-100 21,52 31,25 36,11 

Gurlan district I. Kholmetov WCA Bogot district "Tashkent" WCA 

136 

0-30 22,56 31,09 36,58 

643 

0-35 22,43 31,41 36,53 

30-50 21,90 30,70 36,36 35-50 21,42 31,81 36,36 

50-86 22,07 31,10 36,36 50-80 21,62 32,43 37,10 

86-130 21,90 31,50 36,30 80-100 21,42 31,81 36,36 

"Khorazm" WCA of Shavat district Khozorasp district Yu. Sherjonov WCA 

265 

0-32 22,60 30,82 36,30 

788 

0-30 21,62 31,76 36,48 

32-48 21,10 31,69 36,61 30-50 21,52 31,20 36,11 

48-75 21,16 31,38 36,49 50-75 21,73 31,52 36,41 

75-105 21,51 31,39 36,62 75-110 21,32 31,61 36,02 

105-140 22,80 31,37 36,60     

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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022 4 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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At the same time, the heavy mechanical composition 

of old irrigated grassland soils has a slightly higher 

water capacity (27.3-28.5%) than their medium and light 

soils. Due to the fact that the mechanical composition 

of individual layers is not the same, the water capacity 

is also different. 

Old and newly irrigated meadow soils are close to 

seepage water and have a relatively high water 

capacity, which is 27% of soil weight in one-meter 

layers. 

In some layers, the water capacity fluctuates from 22% 

to 29% due to changes in mechanical composition and 

salinity. 

Due to differences in mechanical, mineralogical 

composition, density and salinity of irrigated meadow 

soils of Khorezm region, their water properties are not 

the same. 

Water permeability of soils and soils is considered the 

most important water-physical properties. Water 

permeability is of great importance in the agronomic 

and reclamation classification of soils, and it 

comprehensively determines the water regime, 

irrigation techniques, salt washing, the occurrence of 

erosion and other activities. 

In order to efficiently use irrigation water in irrigated 

agriculture of Khorezm region, it is important to study 

and manage soil permeability. The soils of the districts 

where we have conducted research are distinguished 

by their own characteristics and diversity, that is, they 

have different mechanical composition, many layers, 

different levels of salinity and compaction, and their 

water permeability is also different. Among them, 

weak-medium salinity, sandy-light sandy loam 

mechanical composition meadow and gray-meadow 

soils, which are irrigated from new water, have good 

water permeability properties (Table 2). 

The lightness of the mechanical composition of soils, 

the abundance of water-resistant aggregates in the 

upper layers and the lack of compaction cause high 

water permeability. The irrigated soils of the Khorezm 

region are irrigated soils of medium loam, strong 

salinity, with low water permeability. The reason for 

low water permeability of these soils is the aggravation 

of the mechanical composition, the presence of highly 

dense (HO 1.50-1.64; total porosity 38-43) layers. It can 

be explained as follows that the rate of absorption in 

saline soils is high at the beginning (3.47-5.94 mm/min) 

and by the end of the 6th hour (0.04-0.08 mm/min). A 

large amount of water-soluble salts dissolves under the 

influence of water and passes into the soil solution and 

is washed into deep layers. As a result of the release of 

salt in these layers, the aggregates are dispersed 

(spread) and the soil becomes a whole mass with a 

high density (1.64 g/cm3). 

The high water permeability of the irrigated soils of 

Khorezm region in the fall is the reason for the low 

density of the soil and the deep location of the seepage 

waters with the same composition and high porosity in 

the soil section. At the same time, absorption is slow in 

somewhat compacted, saline and saline, plastered 

soils. 

Weak-medium salinity, medium-heavy mechanical 

composition soils that are irrigated with satisfactory 

water permeability are characterized by their poor 

structure, compaction and close location of seepage 

water. Violation of the granular structural state of 

irrigated soils worsens water permeability. In such 

places, it becomes difficult for water to penetrate into 

the lower layer. Also, it was found that water 

permeability is poor in old irrigated soils with heavy 

mechanical composition, presence of a dense subsoil 

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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022 5 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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layer, and saline soils with a lot of sodium cation in the 

absorption complex. 

Depending on soil moisture, plowing time and the 

quality of agrotechnical measures used in farming, the 

state of water permeability in layers also changes. 

According to the cultural condition of the soil, it was 

found that the water permeability is also different, 

despite being of the same type.  

Table 2 

Water permeability of irrigated soils of Khorezm region 

Loc

atio

n 

№ 

Time interval 

Total 

liters 

Coefficient of 

creep. 

10 

mins 

30 

mins 

60 

mins 

2 

hours 

3 

hour

s 

4 

hour

s 

5 

hour

s 

6 

hour

s 

mm/

day 
m3/ha 

"Bogolon" WCA, Yangibozor district 

88 3,73 0,52 0,79 0,55 0,74 0,62 0,49 0,19 
2167

5 
0,70 291 

Gurlan district I. Kholmetov WCA 

136 2,22 0,19 0,12 0,048 0,028 0,019 0,014 0,010 2095 0,020 8 

"Khorazm" WCA of Shavat district 

265 5,28 0,29 0,12 0,049 0,035 0,024 0,017 0,014 8160 0,034 14 

Khanka district "Galaba" WCA 

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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022 6 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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396 1,70 0,23 
0,08

2 
0,035 0,021 0,014 0,011 0,008 1735 0,030 12 

Khanka District Al-Khorazmi WCA 

589 7,77 0,36 0,32 0,35 0,21 0,15 0,10 0,083 9675 0,21 87 

Bogot district "Tashkent" WCA 

643 4,76 0,72 0,33 0,27 0,16 0,11 0,090 0,074 8136 0,15 65 

Khozorasp district Yu. Sherjonov WCA 

788 5,21 0,69 0,33 0,16 0,099 0,071 0,054 0,043 6492 0,102 42 

CONCLUSION  

Summing up, it should be noted that the basis of the 

water-physical properties of the soil of Khorezm region 

depends on its mechanical composition, general 

physical and description of the soil-forming mother 

rock, its effect is manifested in volume mass, field 

moisture capacity, water permeability, changing it to a 

positive aspect is definitely agrotechnical. the water 

properties of irrigated soils are improved under the 

influence of measures: 

a) macro- and micro-aggregates increase in the plowed 

layer, forming an acceptable density, and overall 

porosity and water permeability increase. 

b) field moisture capacity and productive active 

moisture content increase at the limit of root 

propagation of plants. 

Condensed and heavy mechanical composition soils 

consisting of different layers are characterized by low 

water permeability and 8-68 m3 per hectare of water is 

absorbed at a rate of 0.020-0.15 m3 per day, and in 

porous, non-consolidated soils, water per hectare is 

104-291 m3 It can be absorbed at a rate of 0.25-0.70 

m/day, which in turn determines the proper 

distribution of irrigation water. 

REFERENCES 

1. Турсунов Л.Т., Абдуллаев С.А. – Почвенно-

физическая характеристика Низовья 

Амударьи. Ташкент, «Фан», 1987, с.47 

2. Л.Турсунов, Почвенные условия орошаемых 

земель западной части Узбекистана. 

Ташкент, Фан 1981, с.130-162  

3. “Хоразм вилояти тупроқлари” Тошкент, 

«Фан» 2003 188 б 

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Volume 02 Issue 12-2022 7 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 12     Pages: 01-07 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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4. R.Kulmatov., J.Mirzaev., J.Abuduwaili., 

B.Karimov. Challenges for the sustainable use 

of water and land resources in the Djizakh 

irrigation zone (Uzbekistan) under changing 

climate and salinization.  Journal of Arid Land  

(2020) 12(1): рр. 90–103. 

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-020-0092-8.  

5. R.Kulmatov., J.Mirzaev., A.Taylakov., 

J.Abuduwaili., B.Karimov. Quantitative and 

qualitative assessment of collector‑drainage 

waters in Aral Sea Basin: trends in Jizzakh 

region, Republic of Uzbekistan Environmental 

Earth Sciences (2021) 80:122 

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09406-y. 

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