







































Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 7 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11     Pages: 07-16 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
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ABSTRACT 

At present, research and development activities aimed at developing new scientific and technical solutions for the 

effective use of land resources, the organization of optimal use of agricultural land in areas affected by erosion and at 

risk of erosion in land development projects are being carried out. In this direction, among other things, reducing the 

harmful effects of the environment in areas with the risk of water and wind erosion, improving the methods of 

effective use of each plot of land, taking into account the natural and economic conditions and the requirements for 

the protection of land from erosion, geosystem complexes that allow to prevent erosion in land formation. 

development, efficient use of land, protection of soils from erosion, creation of technologies that allow to increase 

the productivity of land is considered urgent. In this regard, special attention is paid to studies aimed at improving the 

efficiency of work in determining the composition of land types attached to land users and methods aimed at their 

optimization. Based on this, the main task of today's region is the wide use of modern economical technologies and 

the possibilities of their application to production, analysis of problem solving, and elimination of excess costs. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Effective use of land resources, environment, wind speed, salinity level, technology. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

Organization of effective land use in globally eroded 

areas requires implementation of new methods of land 

development projects. In this regard, in developed 

foreign countries, special attention is paid to the 

  Research Article 

 

IMPORTANCE OF EROSION IN INFLUENCING SOIL FERTILITY IN CROP 

IRRIGATION 
 

Submission Date: November 05, 2022, Accepted Date:  November 15, 2022,  

Published Date: November 25, 2022  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume02Issue11-02 

 

 

Khujakeldiev Komil Nosirovich 
(PhD) Associate Professor Doctor Of Philosophy Of Technical Sciences, Uzbekistan 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 02 Issue 11-2022 8 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11     Pages: 07-16 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
OCLC – 1290679216  METADATA IF – 5.625 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
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implementation of land preparation works, taking into 

account the methods of effective use of land resources 

and protection of eroded lands. In this regard, effective 

use of land resources, introduction of advanced 

modern methods of designing irrigation plots in 

eroded lands is considered important. Effective use of 

existing land resources, development of new scientific 

and technical solutions for organizing optimal use of 

agricultural land in areas subject to erosion and at risk 

of erosion in land development projects are being 

carried out. In this direction, among other things, 

reducing the harmful effects of the environment in 

areas with the risk of water and wind erosion, 

improving the methods of effective use of each plot of 

land, taking into account the natural and economic 

conditions and the requirements for the protection of 

land from erosion, geosystem complexes that allow to 

prevent erosion in land formation. development, 

efficient use of land, protection of soils from erosion, 

creation of technologies that allow to increase the 

productivity of land is considered urgent. In this 

regard, special attention is paid to studies aimed at 

improving the efficiency of work in determining the 

composition of land types attached to land users and 

methods aimed at their optimization. 

In our republic, comprehensive measures are being 

taken to improve land preparation works in the areas 

affected by erosion, and certain results are being 

achieved. In the Strategy of Actions for the further 

development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-

2021, including "...modernization and rapid 

development of agriculture, consistent development 

of agricultural production, further strengthening of 

food safety, expansion of production of 

environmentally friendly products, agricultural sector 

important tasks for significantly increasing the export 

potential... In the implementation of these tasks, it is 

important to carry out scientific research on improving 

the methods of preventing the development of 

erosion processes in agricultural lands by introducing 

intensive methods, first of all, modern agro-

technologies that save water resources into the field of 

agricultural production. The main task of the land 

development project is to organize the territory of 

agricultural enterprises against erosion. As a result of 

it, an organizational-territorial basis is created for the 

implementation of soil protection. In the project, 

taking into account the flow lines and the directions of 

harmful winds, it is intended to place forest strips, soil 

protection measures. 

Table 1 

The distance between the strips of surrounding trees according to the wind speed and the mechanical composition 

of the soil, m (data from Q. Mirzajonov) 

Wind speed 

According to the mechanical composition 

of the soil Number of 

rows Sand and 

sand 

Light to 

medium tone 

Heavy clay, 

mud 

Weak (< 5м/с) 450-500 450-500 450-500 2 

Average (5-15 м/с) 200 250-300 350-400 3 

Strong (> 15 м/с) 100-150 200 250-300 4 
 

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American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 02 ISSUE 11     Pages: 07-16 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705)  
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Ihota trees are selected depending on the degree of 

salinity and waterlogging of the soil. White acacia, 

juniper, alder, mulberry, and willow, poplar, oak, and 

maple trees can be planted on saline lands, and on 

lands prone to swamps, Ihota forests mature in 8-10 

years and protect the soil and crops from the wind. 

Agro-ameliorative measures are used to protect soil 

and crops from wind damage before the trees mature, 

and thereafter to increase soil fertility and make 

efficient use of eroded land (Table 1). 

Protecting hedge trees not only protect crops from 

wind, but also have a positive effect on air temperature 

and air humidity in the protected area. As a result of the 

positive effect of protective hedge trees on air 

temperature and air humidity, a favorable 

microclimate is created, which also has a positive effect 

on crop productivity. 

A land development project has been developed to 

improve the methods of land development projects in 

areas affected by erosion and at risk of erosion. The 

issues of placement of land types and crop rotation 

arrays, taking into account the level of erosion risk of 

the area, and the use of water-saving technologies in 

the design of irrigation plots are based. 

Determining types of agricultural land and organizing 

crop rotation is one of the main parts of the project of 

land formation on the farm, which is inextricably linked 

with the organization of production in the agricultural 

enterprise. The main task of determining the 

composition of land types and organizing crop rotation 

in the farm is to adapt land areas for the production of 

the maximum amount of high-quality products 

required by the market with the minimum necessary 

costs from each hectare of land used and create 

favorable regional conditions for production. 

The project of land formation in areas with erosion risk 

in Kashkadarya region was created for U. Yusupov 

massive farms in Nishon district based on the 

methodologywe recommend (Table 2). 

In 2021, 50 farms, including 40 cotton-grain farms, 2 

grain-vegetable farms, 3 horticulture farms, and 5 

livestock farms, operated in the massif area. One of the 

main tasks of internal land formation in an agricultural 

enterprise is the organization of land types and crop 

rotation. 

The main purpose of the organization of land types and 

crop rotation is to increase the intensity of land use and 

increase its efficiency, taking into account the 

economic interests of land owners and land users. In 

this case, it is necessary to strictly comply with 

environmental requirements, because otherwise the 

fertility of soils will decrease, erosion and degradation 

processes will develop in them. 

Silk production is one of the auxiliary and profitable 

branches of agricultural enterprises in the direction of 

cotton production. The importance of sericulture is not 

limited to the production of cocoons. Mulberry trees 

planted along roads and ditches protect the fields from 

wind and dust and create a basis for increased crop 

productivity. They bring additional income without 

requiring the allocation of special land areas for 

themselves. 

 

 

 

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Table 2 

The land fund of the massif named after U. Yusupov 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The size of cocoon cultivation is determined depending 

on the market demand and the possibilities of the 

massif. The calculations showed that the available 37.0 

hectares of land in the area of the massif are sufficient 

for growing the planned cocoon product. 

For this reason, it was recommended to leave 25.81 

hectares of garden and 7.8 hectares of vineyards in 

contours 60, 80, 171, 178, 181a with low productivity and 

deep underground water (2-3m) in the area of the 

massif, but to replace the varieties with high-income 

intensive varieties. Fruit trees and vegetable crops 

could not be planted 

In the 241st circuit, it is recommended to establish a 

fishing pond. In addition, the construction of 

workshops for the processing of products grown in the 

area where horticulture-viticulture, vegetable, potato 

and potato crops are grown is also planned. In order to 

protect the land from soil erosion, the project also 

planned to plant an additional 16.2 ha of trees on the 

existing 15.1 ha area. Placement of land types begins 

T/r Land types 

Area, ha 

Total 
Relative to the 

total area, % 

Q/agricultural 

land, % 

1 2 3 4 5 

1. 
Arable land: 

Sh.j: irrigated 

 

3055.62 

 

74.75 

 

91.21 

2. 

Arboretums, total: 

  gardens 

vineyards 

  traps 

70.61 

25.81 

7.8 

37.0 

1.72 

0,63 

0,19 

0,90 

2,10 

0,77 

0,23 

1,10 

3 Gray land 108.1 2.64 3.23 

4 Meadows 116.06 2.84 3.48 
 Total agricultural land 3350.39 81.96 100 

5 
Total farm land: 

Sh.j: field plot 

174.1 

2.9 
4.26  

6 Ihota groves 15.1 0.38  

7 Ditches and ditches 369.3 9.03  

8 Roads 70.9 1.73  

9 Buildings and areas 100.8 2.47  

10 Non-agricultural land 7.1 0.17  

 Total massif lands 4087.69 100.0  

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with the placement of trees. First of all, gardens, 

vineyards and orchards are placed. The good 

development of fruit trees and vines largely depends 

on the correct allocation of land, the correct selection 

and placement of varieties and species, the quality of 

seedlings, their correct planting and subsequent care. 

The area of arable land (Pkf) is calculated by subtracting the area of unused land types (Pfe) from the area of land that 

will be used in the future. 

Pкф = Pум – Pфе     (1) 

 64 farms, including 34 cotton-grain farms, 4 grain-vegetable farms, 3 horticulture farms, 22 livestock farms, 

and 1 poultry farm were placed in the land development project (Fig. 1). 

 

Figure 1. Land development project of U.Yusupov massif in Nishon district, Kashkadarya region 

Design of fields and irrigation plots After placing land types and crop rotation areas in the area of the massif, each 

crop rotation massif area is created and irrigation (working) plots, fields, field roads, hedge trees are placed in it. 

 

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where: A- the length of the irrigation section, m; V-width of irrigation plot, m; Distance between L-drainages, m. 

Figure 2. The scheme of combining the collector-drainage network with the irrigation network in saline lands 

Determining the rational size of the irrigation plots by area is influenced by: the mechanical composition of the soil 

and salinity level, the location of the collector - drainage and irrigation network, as well as the costs of leveling the 

surface of the irrigated land. When using open drains in saline lands, the scientifically based distance between the 

drains is one of the most important elements that determine the area of the irrigation plot (Fig. 2). 

In saline lands, drains should be located between two adjacent irrigation ditches, either permanently or temporarily. 

This scheme of combining the drainage network with the irrigation network is widely used in the development of 

land development projects. 

The length of the irrigation section can be determined by the following formula. 

                                   А =
𝑁б

с

𝑁б
. 𝐿,      (2) 

where: L- the length of the furrow, m 

Allowable water consumption and furrow length on different slopes for some soils have been established by 

scientists through experiments.(Table 2) 

The size of the land area of the irrigation plot is determined according to the following formula. 

                           𝑃 =
𝐴 ∙ 𝐵

10000
.      (3) 

 

The results of studies on determining the optimal size of irrigation plots in lands subject to irrigation erosion are 

presented in Table 3. 

Table 3. 

Recommended elements of irrigation technology for Kashkadarya region 

Soil mechanical 

composition, 

water permeability 

Shows* 
Slope of irrigation furrows 

0,01 0,007 0,002 0,0005 

Sand and light sand, very 

permeable 

R 0,50 0,75 1,50 1,00 

L 100 150 200 150 

T 4,7 4,7 3,1 3,3 

Light weight, high R 0,40 0,75 1,00 0,75 

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permeability L 150 200 300 250 

T 9,2 6,3 6,7 6,7 

Medium sand, medium 

permeability 

R 0,25 0,50 0,75 0,50 

L 175 250 300 300 

T 15,0 11,7 8,35 10,0 

Heavy soil, low water 

permeability 

R 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,50 

L 200 300 400 350 

T 23,4 26,7 28,4 15,0 

Clay, weakly conductive 

R 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 

L 150 200 300 400 

T 35,0 30,0 33,3 35,0 
 

*Compiled based on the information of M.D. Chelyukanov, G.A. Bezborodov, Kh.T.Tashev. x). 

R- water consumption in the furrow, water flow rate, l / s.; L- the length of the furrow, m; 

T- the duration of irrigation in simultaneously irrigated furrows, s.  

Table 4. 

Recommended optimal areas of the irrigation plot 

Soil mechanical 

composition, 

water permeability 

Water consumption of 

plot water dispensers, 

l/s 

Plot areas, ha 

0,01 0,007 0,002 0,005 

1 2 3 4 5 6 

Sand and light sand are 

highly conductive 

200 18,0 18,0 18,0 18,0 

250 21,0 22,5 24,0 22,5 

300 24,0 27,0 30,0 27,0 

Light strong sand, high 

permeability 

200 18,0 18,0 18,0 22,5 

250 22,5 24,0 27,0 30,0 

300 27,0 30,0 27,0 30,0 

Medium sand, medium 

permeability 

200 21,0 15,0 18,0 27,0 

250 26,2 22,5 27,0 27,0 

300 31,5 30,0 27,0 36,0 

Heavy soil, low water 

permeability 

200 18,0 18,0 12,0 21,0 

250 24,0 27,0 24,0 21,0 

300 30,0 27,0 24,0 31,5 
 

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Experts say that the decrease in the productivity of agricultural crops, and in some cases the failure is related to the 

problem of water shortage. In order to mitigate this situation and prevent irrigation erosion, it is necessary to 

introduce economical technologies in the irrigation system, to prevent unnecessary wastage of water. 

 

 

Figure 3. Design of drip irrigation plots 

 

Table 5 

Comparison table for assessing the location of fields and irrigation plots (in the example of the farm named after 

Z.Farmonov) 

 

 

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№ Indicators 

per year 

of land 

formation 

according 

to the 

project 

1 2 3 4 

1 Land use factor (LFC) 95.37 98.32 

2 Crop rotation area, ha 90.9 93.75 

3 Area under roads, ha 0.9 0.3 

4 Net area of arable land, ha 90.0 93.45 

5 Number of irrigation plots 4 4 

6 The average area of the irrigation plot, ha 22.73 23.44 

7 The distance between the longest sections, m 1050 1050 

8 Average processing distance, m. 740 860 

9  Slope in working direction, % 13.3 9.1 

10 The total area of circulation lanes, ha 15.2 8.21 
 

Drip irrigation is aimed at saving water resources and 

stopping irrigation erosion. In this case, the specificity 

of the irrigation regime allows it to be used even on 

land with a relatively high slope. Most importantly, 

because the water is delivered to the plant through 

hoses, the field soil does not harden, as a result, there 

is no need for inter-row cultivation. At the end of the 

season, the field that has not hardened the soil is 

plowed with good quality and easily. Since the fertilizer 

is given together with water, there is no need to use 

equipment for fertilizing (Fig. 3). As a result, labor and 

fuel-lubricants are saved. The manual labor of 

watermen in the field is drastically reduced. In the 

course of conducting scientific research, a water-

saving drip irrigation project was developed on the 

area of 42.0 ha in the area of the farm named after 

Z.Farmonov. The obtained results are presented in 

Table 4. 

The composition and areas of agricultural land types 

used in land development projects were improved 

taking into account the natural, economic, social and 

ecological conditions of the massif, and there was an 

opportunity to increase the yield of agricultural crops 

by 2-3 centners per hectare. As a result of the use of 

"water-saving" technologies, water consumption per 

hectare decreased by 30-40%, production costs by 20-

25%. Efficiency increased by 22%. 

REFERENCES 

1. Khujakeldiev K.N. Measures aimed at protecting 

soil from erosion while increasing the efficiency of 

using land resources// Problems of applying 

innovative ideas, technologies and projects to the 

production of the 20th anniversary of the Jizzakh 

Polytechnic Institute: IV - a collection of materials 

of the Republican Scientific and Technical 

Conference, May 11-12, 2012 - Jizzakh sh. - B. 161-163. 

2. Khujakeldiev K.N. I. Kabilov. In the conditions of 

irrigation erosion, the large and small size of 

irrigation fields and the use of agrotechnical 

measures// Problems of improving the efficiency of 

land and water resources use in the south of 

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Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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Uzbekistan: Collection of the Republican scientific 

and practical conference. December 10-11. -KarMII 

2004. - B. 185-187. 

3. Khujakeldiev K.N. Development of anti-erosion 

measures // Collection of materials of the scientific-

practical conference dedicated to the 13th 

anniversary of the independence of the Republic of 

Uzbekistan. June 9-11, 2004. - Against - B.159-161. 

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https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume02Issue11-02
https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=IMPORTANCE%20OF%20EROSION%20IN%20INFLUENCING%20SOIL%20FERTILITY%20IN%20CROP%20IRRIGATION
https://www.mendeley.com/search/?page=1&query=INHERITANCE%20OF%20GROWTH%20DURATION%20IN%20DOMESTIC%20AND%20INTERSPECIFIC%20F1%20PLANTS
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi

