







































Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 34 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

The article presents the results of research on the study of the effect of the complex use of mineral fertilizers, 

structure-forming agents and herbicides on the growth of the main forest-forming species in a hot and dry climate on 

the mountain slopes of the Chatkal ridge. 

The dynamics of the growth of forest crops over the years under the influence of mineral fertilizers, structure-forming 

agents "CMC" and "Polymeliorant" and the herbicide "Uragan forte", as well as their influence on the formation of 

soil structure and the intensity of its water permeability, are outlined. 

 

KEYWORDS 

Mineral fertilizers, structurant, carboxymethylcellulose, polyameliorant, herbicide, annual growth, granular soil 

structure, soil water permeability, crop growth, growth dynamics, low mountains, mountain slopes. 

 

INTRODUCTION

In the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan with a 

low amount of precipitation and high summer 

temperatures, one of the main measures is the 

regulation of surface runoff in the mountains and 

foothills, which affects water erosion, causing soil 

erosion, the formation of ravines, the occurrence of 

mudflows that reduce the productivity of mountain 

  Research Article 

 

INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS, SOIL STRUCTURE-FORMERS AND 

HERBICIDES ON THE GROWTH OF FOREST CROPS ON MOUNTAIN 

SLOPES OF THE CHATKALK RIDGE IN UZBEKISTAN 
 

Submission Date: November 20, 2024, Accepted Date:  November 25, 2024,  

Published Date: November 30, 2024 

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue11-06 

 

 

B.Kh.Mamutov 
PhD of agricultural sciences of Research Institute of Forestry, 111104 Tashkent, Uzbekistan  

 

 

 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajahi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

https://theusajournals.com
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue11-06
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume04Issue11-06


Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 35 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

slopes, bringing enormous damage to the national 

economy [1,4]. 

Forest plantations have the greatest effect in 

preventing water erosion of soils on mountain slopes. 

At the same time, the forests of Uzbekistan perform 

many other useful functions for the national economy. 

These include soil protection, water protection, 

climate control, recreational, sanitary and hygienic and 

other functions. In recent years, the recreational role 

of forests has come to the fore, in which local 

recreation centers and health improvement of the 

population are being created [1,2]. 

At the same time, natural forests in the mountainous 

conditions of the republic, due to the peculiarities of 

climate and anthropogenic influence, currently occupy 

less than 3% of the area of mountain territories, and the 

increase in forest area artificially comes to the fore 

[2,4]. 

Research Institute of Forestry has developed 

technologies for the artificial creation of forests by 

using planting material with a closed root system. 

Planting experimental forest crops with planting 

material with closed roots made it possible to achieve 

a survival rate of 80–90% in difficult forest conditions 

on the western slope [1,4]. 

However, due to dry, hot conditions in the summer, 

their growth was slowed down and there was a need 

to develop measures to accelerate it. 

A set of studies to develop measures to improve the 

growth of forest crops created in the mountains in rain-

fed conditions included measures to improve plant 

nutrition by adding mineral fertilizers to the soil, to 

preserve the moisture that entered the soil from 

precipitation falling in the winter-spring period, as well 

as to reduce consumption this moisture is transferred 

to weeds for use by forest crops during the dry 

summer period. 

METHODS 

The methodology for conducting an experiment on the 

use of mineral fertilizers in young rainfed forest crops 

created by planting material with closed roots, as well 

as in forest crops created in the usual way, consisted of 

applying fertilizers to the soil in the second year after 

planting in early spring, immediately after thawing 

snow, in the trunk circles of each plant or in a 

continuous strip 1 m wide, in the root distribution zone. 

After spreading the fertilizers, they were embedded in 

the soil to a shallow depth, up to 10 cm, so as not to 

damage the root system. 

The experience of studying the effect of mineral 

fertilizers was laid down in accordance with the 

methodology for planning the use of mineral fertilizers 

set out in the work of V.N. Efimov V.S.Pobedov et al 

[4,5] and included three options - two options with the 

application of mineral fertilizers in doses with active 

ingredients: N90Р90К60andN120Р180К60, 

recommended in the works of other researchers, as 

well as based on the experiences of previous years for 

similar types of soils in the same environmental 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 36 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

conditions [4], and the third option - without complete 

intervention (control) . 

An increase in soil moisture reserves can be achieved 

by constructing simple hydraulic structures - terraces 

or sites - on the slopes before planting forest crops. 

Traditional methods of preserving moisture in planted 

forest crops by periodically loosening the soil and 

removing weeds on terraces and sites are too 

expensive, since they require the use of manual labor 

in modern conditions [1,2,3]. 

The solution to the problem of reducing the share of 

manual labor to combat the physical evaporation of 

soil moisture was carried out by improving its 

structural composition. This measure makes it possible 

to increase the filtration into the soil of precipitation 

moisture, which would uselessly flow down as surface 

runoff, and also complicates its physical evaporation 

[1,2]. 

In such conditions, it is very important to promote the 

accumulation and preservation of falling moisture in 

the soil for use by plants in the summer. Well-

structured soil on the surface has high water 

permeability and almost completely allows 

precipitation even of high intensity, stopping surface 

runoff [2]. At the same time, structural soil, due to the 

absence of capillaries, reduces the physical 

evaporation of moisture from the soil, thereby 

preserving it for plant nutrition [6]. 

When creating forest crops, soil preparation by 

building terraces results in the removal of the 

structural topsoil. In this case, structureless subsoil 

horizons are exposed; after precipitation and drying of 

the upper layer, a cracked crust is formed on the 

surface, which prevents the absorption of moisture 

and promotes its evaporation [1,6]. 

Improving the structure of the soil surface was carried 

out by introducing structure formers (structurants), 

which prevent the formation of a crust and ensure the 

gluing of silty soil into lumps, creating a certain 

structure. Polymeliorant, developed and 

recommended by the Institute of Chemistry of the 

Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, and linear colloid 

carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were chosen as 

structure-forming agents. 

Reducing soil drying can also be achieved by destroying 

weeds using a chemical method - the use of herbicides 

[7]. Research in this direction was aimed at testing new 

drugs for the forestry of the republic. To destroy 

weeds, the herbicide “UraganForte” was tested at a 

rate of 1200 ml/ha. All of the above mentioned 

preparations were not used on the mountain slopes of 

the republic when growing forest crops in non-

irrigated conditions. 

The experience of testing the listed methods was 

carried out in the most difficult forest conditions with 

a hot and dry summer period - on the western slope of 

the spur of the Chatkal ridge at an altitude of 1200 m. 

Structural agents were applied in the form of solutions 

to the terrace canvas evenly over the soil surface with 

further embedding with ketmen to a shallow depth of 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 37 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

5–7 cm. The time for their application to the soil was in 

the spring, as soon as the soil became available for 

loosening after the snow had melted. Since until now 

structure formers have not been used for this purpose, 

the dose of the substance introduced into the soil was 

determined experimentally in the previous year. The 

previously identified application dose was 0.4% for 

Polimeliorant, and 0.2% for CMC, based on the use of 10 

liters of solution per 1 m2 of terrace surface, wetting 

the soil to a depth of 5 cm. The application depth was 

also previously determined by us experimentally. 

Solutions of structurants were applied to the soil 

surface by spraying from a watering can. 

Determination of the structure of the upper 5 cm layer 

of soil treated with structurants showed that in the 

control untreated section of the terrace, the surface 

was made up of parent rock - structureless silty loess-

like heavy loam. In areas treated with Polymeliorant 

and CMC, an analysis of the determination of the total 

number of aggregates using the dry sieving method 

showed that after treating the soil with structurants, a 

granular structure with aggregates 1–3 mm in size was 

formed. This, as shown by measurements of the water 

permeability of the treated soil using the tube method, 

increased the filtration of water into the soil treated 

with polyameliorant from 2.8 to 6.0 mm/min, and into 

the soil treated with CMC - from 2.2 to 3.6 mm/min. 

The weeds on the terrace on the western slope with 

experimental forest crops of the Sivers apple tree and 

Korolkov hawthorn were treated with herbicide using 

a sprayer in the third year after their planting. 

Treatment with herbicide was carried out in May, when 

the height of the grass stand was more than 15 cm, on 

sections of terraces containing 60 plants of each of 

these crops, with a herbicide solution diluted with 

water to the concentration recommended in the 

instructions. The results of studying the impact of the 

activities planned in the study showed the following. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

The influence of structurants and herbicide on the 

growth of experimental crops of apple and hawthorn 

in the experiment established in 2016 should have been 

fully manifested in 2017, since in 2016 the experiment 

was established in May, when the soil was in a state of 

ripeness, and the grass stand had grown to height of at 

least 15 cm. By this time, the apple tree and hawthorn 

already had a good growth of shoots. The most 

intensive growth of crops, as experience has shown, 

occurs in April - May, slowing down sharply by June, so 

the substances used could not have a full effect on the 

growth of crops in the year of the experiment. 

Measurements of height growth of experimental trees 

carried out in 2017 are presented in the table. It should 

be noted that the growth of crops in the experiment 

with the combined use of structurants, fertilizers and 

herbicides turned out to be significantly lower than 

with their separate use, due to the fact that the joint 

use of the drugs was carried out in the summer period 

of 2017, which received much worse precipitation, 

when 30 mm fell then as in 2016 – almost 150 mm. 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 38 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

Table 

Dynamics of height growth of seedlings in experimental forest plantations on the western 

slope under the influence of complex application of mineral fertilizers, soil structure-

forming agents “KMC” and “Polymelioranit” and herbicide “Uragan-Forte” during 2015-

2017 
 

 

S

pe

ci

es 

 

Treat

ments 

MONTHS 

A
n
n
u
al

 g
ro

w
th

, 
cm

 

G
ro

w
th

 r
el

at
iv

e 

to
 c

o
n

tr
o
l,

 %
 

April May June July August 
Septemb

er 

М±m P% М±m P% М±m 
P

% 

М±

m 
P% 

М±

m 

P

% 

М±

m 

P

% 

HAWTHORNE+FERTILIZER (2015-2016) 

 

H

a

w

th

or

n 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

58,4±2

,04 
3,5 

62,4±

2,12 
3,4 

62,4±

2,12 
3,4 

62,8

±2,1

3 

3,4 

63,0

±2,1

4 

3,

4 

63,0

±2.1

4 

3,

4 

4,

6 

1

0

0 

N90Р9

0 К60 
41,0±1

,31 
3,2 

57,3±

1,77 
3,1 

58,5±

1,81 
3,1 

58,8

±1,8

2 

3,1 

58,9

±1,8

2 

3,

1 

58,9

±1,8

2 

3,

1 

17

,9 

3

8

9 

N120Р

180 

К60 

39,1±1

,17 
3,0 

47,5±

1,42 
3,0 

51,0±

1,47 
2,9 

51,7

±1,5

0 

2,9 

53,0

±1,4

8 

2,

8 

53,0

±1,4

8 

2,

8 

13

,9 

3

0

2 

APPLE TREE + FERTILIZER (2015-2016) 

A

p

pl

e 

tr

ee 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

42,3±1

,26 
3,0 

61,1±

1,71 
2,8 

61,7±

1,72 
2,8 

64,7

±1,8

1 

2,8 

64,7

±1,8

1 

2,

8 

64,7

±1,8

1 

2,

8 

22

,4 

1

0

0 

N90Р9

0 К60 
45,3±1

,72 
3,8 

58,4±

2,16 
3,7 

64,5±

2,25 
3,5 

68,7

±2,2

6 

3,3 

68,8

±2,2

7 

3,

3 

68,8

±2,2

7 

3,

3 
23

,5 

1

0

4 

N120Р

180 

К60 

59,4±1

,96 
3,3 

69,4±

2,22 
3,2 

75,6±

2,34 
3,1 

82,4

±2,4

7 

3,0 

87,4

±2,6

2 

3,

0 

93,4

±2,6

2 

3,

0 
34

,0 

1

5

1 

HAWTHORN – aftereffect of fertilizer (2017) 
 

H

a

Contr

ol (no 

62,3±2

,18 

3,5 65,3±

2,22 

3,4 65,7±

2,23 

3,4  66,6

±2,2

6 

3,4 66,6

±2,2

6 

3,

4 
66,6

±2,2

6 

3,

4 
4,

3 

1

0

0 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 39 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

w

th

or

n 

fertiliz

er) 

N90Р9

0 К60 

55,7±1

,94 

3,5 59,9±

2,03 

3,4 60,1±

1,98 

3,3 61,0

±2,0

1 

3,3 66,5

±2,1

2 

3,

2 
66,5

±2,1

2 

3,

2 10

,8 

2

5

1 

N120Р

180 

К60 

50,5±1

,46 

2,9 63,8±

1,77 

2,8 70,5±

1,97 

2,8 76,1

±2,0

5 

2,7 85,9

±2,2

3 

2,

6 
85,9

±2,2

3 

2,

6 35

,4 

8

2

3 

                                                                               APPLE TREE – aftereffect of fertilizer 

(2017) 

 

H

a

wt

ho

rn 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

60,8±1,

88 
3,1 

69,0±2

,13 
3,1 

74,5±2

,23 
3,0 

80,7±

2,34 
2,9 

80,7±

2,34 

2,

9 
80,7±

2,34 

2,

9 

19

,9 

1

0

0 

N90Р9

0 К60 

65,0±1

,95 

3,0 75,5±

2,11 
2,8 80,3±

2,24 
2,8 85,7

±2,3

1 

2,7 85,8

±2,3

1 

2,

7 

85,8

±2,3

1 

2,

7 20

,8 

1

0

4 

N120Р

180 

К60 

77,1±2

,15 

2,8 89,2±

2,40 
2,7 99,3±

2,68 
2,7 103,

5±2,

79 

2,7 103,

5±2,

79 

2,

7 

103,

5±2,

79 

2,

7 

 

26

,4 

1

3

2 

BOYARKA + “KMC” + “Meliorant” (2015-2016) 

 

H

a

w

th

or

n 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

67,3±2

,5 
3,7 

77,2±

2,62 
3,4 

114,2

±3,76 
3,3 

114.

2±3,

76 

3,3 

114,

2±3,

76 

3,

3 

114,

2±3,

76 

3.

3 

46

,9 

1

0

0 

KMC-

0,2% 

89,4±3

,12 

3,5 90,5±

3,07 

3,4 95,7±

3,15 

3,3 129,

7±4,

15 

3,2 129,

7±4,

15 

3,

2 
129,

7±4,

15 

3,

2 
40

,3 

8

5 

Melior

ant-

0,4% 

67,2±2

,41 

3,6 90,7±

3,08 

3,4 95,4±

3,05 

3,2 98,9

±3,1

6 

3,2 116,

6±3,

73 

3,

2 
116,

6±3,

73 

3,

2 
49

,4 

1

0

5 

APPLE TREE + “KMC” + “Meliorant” (2015-2016) 

 

A

p

pl

e 

tr

ee 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

57,6±1

,95 
3,4 

77,2±

2,62 
3,4 

77,4±

2,70 
3,5 

77,6

±2,5

6 

3,3 

77,6

±2,5

6 

3,

3 

77,6

±2,5

6 

3

,

3 

20

,0 

1

0

0 

KMC-

0,2% 
85,4±2

,30 
2,7 

105± 

2,83 
2,7 

107,5

±2,79 
2,6 

107,

5±2,

79 

2,6 

108,

6±2,

82 

2,

6 

108,

6±2,

82 

2,

6 

23

,2 

1

1

6 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 40 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

Melior

ant -

0,4% 

76,7±2

,37 
3,1 

90,7±

2,90 
3,2 

92,5±

2,86 
3,1 

 

92,5

±2,8

6 

3,1 

92,5

±2,8

6 

3,

1 

92,5

±2,8

6 

3,

1 

15

,8 

7

9 

 

 

HAWTHORN - HERBICIDE "Uragan Forte" (2015-2016) 

H

a

w

th

or

n  

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

55,4±1

,71 
3,1 

63,5±

1,90 
3,0 

69,9±

2,09 
3,0 

69,9

±2,0

9 

3,0 

72,1

±2,0

1 

2,

8 

72,1

±2,0

1 

2,

7 

16

,7 

1

0

0 

Uraga

n forte 

- 

(1200 

мл/га) 

58,3±1

,74 
3,0 

109,7

±3,07 
2,8 

113,4

± 3,06 
2,7 

113,

4± 

3,06 

2,7 

115,

6±3,

12 

2,

7 

115,

6±3,

12 

2,

7 
57

,3 

3

4

3 

APPLE TREE - HERBICIDE "Uragan Forte" (2015-2016) 

A

p

pl

e 

tr

ee 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

40,5±1

,21 
3,0 

43,1±

1,29 
3,0 

48,4±

1,40 
2,9 

48,4

±1,4

0 

2,9 

48,4

±1,4

0 

2,

9 

48,4

±1,4

0 

2,

9 

7,

9 

1

0

0 

Uraga

n forte 

- 

(1200 

мл/га) 

59,6±1

,67 
2,8 

73,3±

2,05 
2,8 

88,7±

2,39 
2,7 

88,7

±2,3

9 

2,7 

88,7

±2,3

9 

2,

7 

88,7

±2,3

9 

2,

7 

29

,1 

3

6

8 

HAWTHORNE- HERBICIDE + FERTILIZER + CMC (2015-2017) 

 

H

a

w

th

or

n 

Contr

ol (no 

fertiliz

er) 

43,1±1

,33 
3,1 

45,1±

1,35 
3,0 

45,9±

1,35 
3,0 

46,0

±1,3

8 

3,0 

46,0

±1,3

8 

3,

0 

46,0

±1,3

8 

3,

0 

2,

9 

1

0

0 

Uraga

n forte 

- 

(1200 

мл/га)

+N90

Р 

90К60

+ 

КМЦ 

(0,2

%) 

75,6±2

,26 
3,0 

78,9±

2,28 
2,9 

88,1±

2,55 
2,9 

89,1

±2,5

8 

2,9 

89,1

±2,5

8 

2,

9 

89,1

±2,5

8 

2,

9 

13

,5 

4

6

5 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 41 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

APPLE TREE + HERBICIDE + FERTILIZER + MELIORANT (2015-2017) 

 

Apple 

tree 

Control 

(no 

fertilizer) 

4

4

,

5

±

1

,

5

1 

3

,

4 

45,8±

1,55 
3,4 

46,3±

1,52 
3,3 

46,3

±1,5

2 

3,3 

46,3

±1,5

2 

3,

3 

46,3

±1,5

2 

3,

3 

1,

8 

1

0

0 

Uragan 

forte - 

(1200 

мл/га)+N9

0Р 90К60+ 

Мелиора

нт 

(0,4%) 

7

5

,

3

±

2

,

4

0 

3

,

2 

79,6±

2,54 
3,2 

82,5±

2,55 
3,1 

88,3

±2,7

3 

3,1 

88,3

±2,7

3 

3,

1 

88,3

±2,7

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In an experiment with the use of mineral fertilizers, in 

which the effect of fertilizers on the growth of 

hawthorn and apple trees was studied, in the year of 

their application, fertilizers had a positive effect on the 

growth of shoots only in hawthorn. At the same time, 

the highest growth in height was observed with a 

lower fertilizer rate (N90P90K60), where the annual 

growth was 17.9 cm, which compared to the higher 

fertilizer rate was 1.2 times higher (28%), and the 

difference with the control was more than 3 .8 times 

(389%). In the apple tree, the highest increase in height 

compared to other options was provided by a higher 

fertilizer rate (N120P180K60), where the increase 

relative to the control exceeded 51%. At this moment, 

the increase in height in the variants with a lower dose 

of fertilizers (N90P90K60) and the control turned out 

to be the same - within 51-53%.   

The dynamics of growth in height of hawthorn and 

apple trees during the growing season in the first year 

after applying fertilizers was different depending on 

the application rate. In hawthorn, with a lower rate, 

active growth continued until May, and with a higher 

rate - until June In the apple tree, shoot growth 

continued longer. With a low fertilizer rate, it lasted 

until June, and with a higher rate, until September. In 

the control, active growth continued in the hawthorn 

only for two months - April and May, and in the Sievers 

apple tree, as a species characterized by a long growth 

of shoots, and in the control growth continued until 

July. 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 42 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

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In the second year, the aftereffect of fertilization on 

height growth in hawthorn and apple trees had large 

differences. In hawthorn, with a lower application rate, 

active growth was observed during the first two 

months, and with a higher rate it was extended until 

August. In the control, the growth period was as short 

as in the previous year - in April-May. In the apple tree, 

active growth was observed in the variants with 

fertilizer until August, and in the control until June. 

The amount of height growth in hawthorn in the year 

of fertilization was not affected by the application rate 

and the annual increases in percentage terms turned 

out to be equal, but significantly greater than in the 

control (25-26%). The growth response of the apple 

tree in the year of fertilization was not observed. 

Annual increases turned out to be the same as the 

control (in all variants 50-53%). 

However, if we compare the percentage of excess of 

the annual growth of hawthorn in the variants with the 

application of fertilizers in relation to the control, in the 

best variant with the application rate of N120P180K60, 

it amounted to 302%. During this period, the apple tree 

actively responded to improved nutrition with a large 

dose of fertilizer ((N120P180K60). Its annual growth in 

comparison with the control in variants with fertilizer 

turned out to be 151% greater. 

In the second year after applying mineral fertilizers, 

their positive effect on the growth of hawthorn and 

apple trees increased. The annual growth of hawthorn 

is best with a higher fertilizer rate (N120P180K60). in 

comparison with the control was 823%, and in the apple 

tree in the same variant - by 33%. The increase in the 

growth of experimental plants in the second year can 

be explained by an increase in growth at the beginning 

of the growing season, which occurred due to greater 

accumulation of nutrients in the previous year, as well 

as due to increased photosynthesis and the duration of 

the growth period by 2-3 months compared to the 

control. 

The results of studying the growth of crops in height 

depending on the use of structurants “CMC” and 

“Polymeliorant” showed that “Polymeliorant” and 

“CMC” had practically no effect on the growth of 

experimental crops. Hawthorn increased by height in 

the variant with Polymeliorant was 5% higher than the 

control, and in the variant with CMC the increase was 

less than the control by 13%. The apple tree had an 

inverse relationship - CMC showed a slight positive 

effect, increasing the growth by 16%, and in the variant 

with ameliorant the increase was less compared to the 

control by 21%. 

A study of the growth dynamics of experimental crops 

showed that apple and hawthorn differ in this indicator 

as well. Thus, the application of CMC to the soil surface 

stimulated intensive growth of hawthorn in the hottest 

month - July, amounting to 33 cm, and the application 

of polyameliorant - in August, when the growth was 

17.7 cm, while in the control the main increase occurred 

in June - 37. 0 cm. In the apple tree there was no 

difference in the intensity of growth during the 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 43 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

growing season in any of the variants. In this breed, 

almost all of its height growth occurred in May. 

As observations have shown, the herbicide had a very 

strong effect on the growth of experimental crops. In 

the variant with hawthorn, its use increased the annual 

growth by more than 3 times (343%), and in the variant 

with apple tree - almost 4 times (368%). 

The effect of the herbicide on the growth of the 

studied breeds also differed. Thus, the main growth of 

hawthorn under its influence occurred in May, 

amounting to 51.4 cm, after which in July it decreased 

to 4 cm, and then stopped, while in the control it 

occurred more evenly, amounting to 11 cm in May, 6.5 

in June and August 2.3 cm. In the experiment with an 

apple tree, the herbicide stimulated growth in height 

only in April-June, amounting to 13.7 cm in May and 15.4 

cm in June. In the control in this experiment, growth of 

the apple tree was also observed in May by 2 .6 cm and 

June by 5.4 cm. 

In the experience of joint use of mineral fertilizers, 

structure-forming agents and herbicide, carried out in 

2017, there was a general decrease in the annual 

growth of both species in all variants of the experiment 

compared to 2016 due to the difference in the weather 

conditions of the three years during which the 

experimental work was carried out. The most 

abundant precipitation in the summer period was 2015, 

the year preceding the experiment. As a rule, the most 

active growth of trees in rainfed conditions occurs at 

the beginning of the growing season in April - May, 

when it is not yet leaf mass has increased, providing 

growth due to photosynthesis, and the growth of new 

shoots is carried out due to the reserves of nutrients 

accumulated in the previous year. For this reason, the 

growth of new shoots in 2016 was stronger than in 

2017, in which shoots grew due to reserves , 

accumulated in the drier year of 2016. 

Experience has shown that the use of a set of measures 

to improve plant growth, including the use of mineral 

fertilizers, soil treatment with structurants, and weeds 

with herbicides, already in the first year increased the 

annual growth of both hawthorn and apple trees 

compared to the separate use of these measures. 

Hawthorn increased its annual growth compared to 

the control by 11%, and the apple tree by 9.2%. 

Comparison of annual growth in relation to the control 

in percentage shows that the growth of hawthorn in 

the experiment with the use of complex measures 

exceeds the control by 466%, and the growth of the 

apple tree by 611%. 

This is explained by the fact that thanks to the 

destruction of the herbicide “Hurricane-Forte” on the 

terraces of weeds, preventing soil drying out through 

transpiration, it significantly increased soil moisture in 

the root systems of plants in the summer by 4-5% and 

thus after treatment already in the first year on In 

experimental plots, 100% of weeds died. In the second 

year, only 15% of the area in the treated area was 

occupied by weeds. 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 44 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

The study of the dynamics of active growth of shoots 

in this experiment showed, as in the experiment with 

the use of fertilizers, the duration of growth in height 

of hawthorn in the variant with complex measures 

lasted until July, and for the apple tree until August. In 

the control, in both variants, growth continued only 

until June. 

CONCLUSIONS 

According to the results of experiments on the use of 

nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mineral 

fertilizers, soil structure formers “KMC-0.2%” and 

“Meliorant-0.4%”, as well as the herbicide “Uragan 

Forte” at a rate of 1200 ml/ha in two-year rainfed areas 

forest crops of hawthorn and apple trees in the low-

mountain zone, the following conclusions can be 

drawn: 

1. The study of the dynamics of growth of forest crops 

of hawthorn and apple showed that in all the 

experiments analyzed in this work, all the studied 

methods of increasing the growth of forest crops of 

these species led to an increase in the duration of 

growth by 1-2 summer months in relation to the 

controls. 

2. Mineral fertilizers already in the first year of 

application had a positive effect on the height growth 

of both breeds. At the same time, when applying 

mineral fertilizers at the norm N90Р90К60, the 

hawthorn increased its height growth by 389%, and at 

the norm N120Р180К60 by 302%, and the apple tree, 

due to its biological characteristics, with a lower dose 

of N90Р90К60 only by 4%, and with a higher dose of 

N120Р180К60 by 51%. In the second year of the 

experiment, the annual growth of these species turned 

out to be even greater - in hawthorn with a lower dose 

of N90Р90К60 fertilizers by 251%, and with a higher 

dose of 823% in relation to the control, and in apple 

trees with a large dose of N120Р180К60 fertilizers by 

33%. 

3. The use of soil structure formers – “CMC-0.2%” and 

“Polyameliorant-0.4%” turned out to be ineffective. In 

this experiment, when the soil was treated with 

“Polymeliorant,” hawthorn increased its growth by 5% 

compared to the control, but with “CMC” it was 13% 

less. In the apple tree, an inverse relationship was 

observed - with the polyameliorant the increase was 

21% less, and with CMC it was 16% more. 

4. Treatment of weeds with the herbicide “Uragan-

Forte” at a rate of 1200 ml/ha due to increased soil 

moisture had a great positive effect. The annual 

growth of hawthorn crops exceeded the growth of 

control crops by 343%, and the apple tree under similar 

conditions increased its growth by 368%. 

5. The complex use of mineral fertilizers in the norm 

N90Р90К60 soil structure-forming agents “KMC-0.2%” 

and the herbicide “Hurricane-Forte” in the norm 

already in the first year of the experiment showed the 

highest positive effect on the annual growth of 

hawthorn and Sievers apple crops. At the same time, 

hawthorn increased growth relative to the control by 

465%, and apple tree - by 722%. 



Volume 04 Issue 11-2024 45 

                  

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations  
(ISSN – 2771-2559) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 11    Pages: 34-45 

OCLC – 1290679216   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

6. Taking into account the rather high cost of soil 

treatment with structure-forming agents and the small 

effect of their use, it is possible to exclude this 

technique from the complex of agrotechnical 

techniques for the accelerated cultivation of forest 

crops on mountain slopes, leaving only the use of 

mineral fertilizers at the norm N90Р90К60 and 

herbicides “Uragan-Forte” at the norm 1200 ml/ha. 

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1. Бутков Е.А. Б.Х.Мамутов, Прикладной проект 

КХА-9-093-2015 «Разработать агротехнику 

ускоренного выращивания в горах лесных 

культур, созданных посадочным материалом с 

закрытыми корнями» Заключительный отчёт 

Научно-исследовательского института лесного 

хозяйства, Ташкент, 2017. – с. 77; 

2. Хоназаров А.А. Ўзбекистонда ўрмонзорлар 

барпо қилиш асослари. –Ташкент, 2002. – с. 91; 

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Средней Азии и Южном Казахстане. Москва, 

Лесная пром-ть, 1965. – с. 400; 

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системой» заключительный отчет РНПЦ ДС иЛХ, 

Ташкент, 2014 с-88; 

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6. Победов В.С., Шиманский П.С. и др. Справочник 

по применению минеральных удобрений в 

лесном хозяйстве. Изд-во «Лесная 

промышленность», Москва, 1977 с. 62-75. 

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(Северо-Западный Кавказ): дис. ... канд. с.-х. наук 

: 06.03.04 Воронеж, 2006 150 с. 

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Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой 

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Волгоград, 1995, 46 стр. 

 


