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 VOLUME Vol.05 Issue01 2025 

PAGE NO. 15-18 

DOI 10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-05 

 
 
 
 

Main results of safflower breeding in rainfed conditions 
 

Aripov Sherali Xolboyevich 

Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture. Head of the Laboratory for Breeding Oilseeds and Non-Traditional Crops, Doctor of 

Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Galaaral, Uzbekistan 

 

Amanov Farrux Baxtiyorovich 

Researcher, Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture, Uzbekistan 

 

 

Received: 11 December 2024; Accepted: 13 January 2025; Published: 15 February 2025 

 

Abstract: This article presents the results of safflower selection in rainfed conditions. During the study of the 
collection and breeding nursery, new lines of safflower were selected for economically valuable properties.   

 

Keywords: Variety, rainfed, culture, safflower, seed production, progeny, line, standard, yield, oil content. 

 

Introduction: In recent years, in order to meet the 
needs of the population of the republic with local food 
products, the area for cotton and grains has been 
reduced, and on the liberated lands, areas have been 
allocated for planting fruits, vegetables, fodder and 
oilseeds. An important direction today is to conduct 
scientific research on the creation of new breeding 
varieties of oilseeds, the creation of highly productive 
varieties that have large amounts of oil in the seeds, 
high quality products, are resistant to various abiotic 
and biotic factors, adapted to various soil and climatic 
conditions of our republic [1]. 

Yu.A. Aripov (1967) noted that one of the main 
directions is the selection of initial sources and the use 
of breeding processes in the creation of high-yielding 
varieties of oilseeds that are resistant to abiotic and 
biotic factors in rainfed conditions. Safflower is one of 
the ancient types of oilseeds, capable of growing even 
in harsh conditions, differing from other oilseeds in its 
resistance to cold and drought [2]. 

In studies conducted by Sh.H. Aripov (2017), attention 
to the amount of oil obtained from them when creating 
new varieties of safflower determines the direction of 
their industrial use and increases their value, and also 
ensures the genetic homogeneity of the varieties [3]. 

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to 
create new varieties of safflower that are resistant to 
diseases and pests, and have a high oil content in the 

seeds, for sowing in rainfed conditions.  

METHODS 

The study was carried out on rainfed conditions at the 
Research Institute of Rainfed Agriculture, all analyzes 
and calculations were carried out on the basis of 
introduced methods. 

The study of world collections and breeding materials 
was carried out according to the methodology of VIR 
(1976) Moscow. Phenological observations, 
assessments and analyzes for various indicators in field 
and laboratory conditions were carried out on the basis 
of methodological recommendations of the State 
Commission for Varietal Testing of Oilseeds. Issue three 
(1983). Statistical analysis of the digital results obtained 
in the experiments was performed according to the 
method of B.A. Dospehova (1985) [4]. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

Sowing experiments were carried out in the first and 
second half of March (March 16-21) at optimal times. 
During the period from germination to full ripening, 
branching, budding, flowering, resistance to rust and 
pests and the timing of full ripening, 
safloraphenological observations were carried out 
according to the methods. 

Sowing of variety samples in collection and selection 
nurseries was carried out on an area of 1 m2 according 
to the number of seeds, by hand planting from 1 row to 
2 meters in length, a standard variety was sown after 

 

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-05


American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 16 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

10 rows. 

In the year under study, weather conditions in March 
were somewhat unfavorable compared to previous 
years (-39.9 mm of precipitation during the growing 
season), while the amount of precipitation in this 
month (87.2 mm) compared to the long-term average 
(65.0 mm), +22.2 mm more, but in April more (53.6 

mm) than the annual norm (21.6 mm), less than the 
average air temperature, low temperatures were 
noted. During the growing season, the total amount of 
annual precipitation was 322.1 mm, and it was 
observed that the precipitation varied according to the 
development of crop elements (the number of 
branches, the number of baskets, the number of seeds 
in the basket). 

Table 1. 

Economically valuable characteristics of safflower in the collection 

nursery 

(Gallaaral , 2024y) 

 

№ Sample number, origin 

G
ro

w
in

g
 s

ea
so

n
, 

d
ay

 
In one plant 

P
ro

d
u
ct

iv
it

y
 

c/
h
a 

W
ei

g
h
t 

o
f 

1
0
0
0
 

g
ra

in
s,

  

g
 

P
la

n
t 

h
ei

g
h
t,

 c
m

 

H
ei

g
h
t 

m
ai

n
 

b
ra

n
ch

es
, 

cm
 

 
N

u
m

b
er

 o
f 

b
as

k
et

s,
 p

cs
. 

S
ee

d
 b

as
k
et

 

p
cs

 

1 Jizzak-1 st. 118 85,2 21,4 9 17 7,1 32,4 

2 Nc76744 (Aljir) 114 70,9 27,0 12 21 7,9 32,8 

3 Nc76749 (Avstraliya) 118 80,5 25,8 10 26 8,9 33,6 

4 Nc76751 (Kazakistan) 114 75,1 31,0 14 32 8,2 31,8 

5 K-76749 (Avstriya) 112 78,4 29,3 12 28 7,9 32,3 

6 K-76754 (Polsha)) 114 70,5 23,0 15 34 8,5 35,1 

7 K-76750 (Marokko) 116 75,5 21,4 12 28 6,7 33,2 

8 K-30811 (Azerbayjan) 112 72,4 23,5 11 31 6,8 32,5 

9 K-78485 (Fransiya) 107 69,1 27,6 15 36 8,7 34,8 

10 K-33057 (Portugaliya) 110 71,2 26,5 13 38 7,8 33,5 

11 Jizzak-1 st. 116 78,6 21,3 10 25 6,9 32,8 

12 K-30723 (Uzbekiston) 108 78,8 29,4 12 34 7,3 31,5 

13 K-30757 Meksika 106 71,8 23,9 10 33 7,0 34,2 

14 K-78589 (Yegipet) 112 75,0 26,6 9 29 6,9 35,3 

15 K-7826 (Avstraliya) 113 72,3 22,2 11 36 7,5 31,6 

16 K-30818 (Polsha) 114 82,1 27,0 9 33 8,8 34,6 

17 K-30740 (Marokko) 112 68,4 25,8 13 41 8,4 33,1 

18 K-30757 (Pakiston) 108 70,5 24,1 12 34 7,7 36,6 

19 
K-30809 

(Chexoslovakiya) 
109 79,3 26,8 12 32 7,3 33,5 

20 K-30773 (Efiopiya) 114 77,3 27,0 14 39 7,8 32,1 

21 Jizzak-1 st. 118 71,4 21,4 12 31 7,2 32,6 

22 K-30737 (Vengriya) 110 72,3 26,1 11 35 7,2 34,4 

23 K-30744 (Avstraliya) 116 73,6 21,4 15 33 8,0 34,6 

24 K-30692 (Afganistan) 116 69,5 26,7 12 32 7,3 35,7 

25 K-30681 (Kazakistan) 114 77,6 26,0 13 39 8,1 34,3 

26 K-30631(Tursiya) 116 73,4 22,3 16 34 8,2 35,8 

27 K-30615 (Afganistan) 112 75,6 25,5 13 37 8,9 34,4 

 

Based on the results of research in the collection  nursery, samples K-30757 (Pakistan), K-78589 (Egypt), 



American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 17 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

K-30692 (Afghanistan), K-30744 (Australia), K-30737 
(Hungary), K. -30818 (Poland) were selected in 
comparison with standard varieties Zhizzak-1 "0.8-1.8 
c/ha higher (7.0 c/ha) by weight of 1000 seed grains 
2.5-3.0 g higher. Also, the productivity of the main plant 
(number of branches, number of baskets, number of 
grains in baskets, height of the main stem), samples Nc-
76749 (Australia), Nc-76751 (Kazakhstan), K-76754 
(Poland), K-78485 (France), K-30818 (Poland), K-30740 
(Morocco), stood out. K-30744 (Australia), K-30681 
(Kazakhstan), K-30631 (Turkey), K-30615 (Afghanistan), 
K-30681 (Kazakhstan), K-30615 (Azerbaijan). 

Safflower breeding nursery: In the reporting year, 138 
safflower samples were studied in the breeding 

nursery. In the experiments carried out, the beginning 
of plant germination (10%), complete germination 
(75%), the beginning of budding, the beginning of 
flowering (10%), full flowering (75%), seed ripening 
(10%), the physiological development of seeds 
(development time 75%) was determined in the field. 

In the experiments, it was noticed that the number of 
harvest baskets of varietal samples varies depending on 
the quality of the agrotechnical measures used. Among 
the 138 studied varietal samples in the safflower 
breeding nursery, it was found that the number of 
baskets on the plant was low in 29 (5-9), average in 52 
(11-13) and high in 57 (14). 

Table 2. 

The main economically valuable characteristics of safflower in a breeding nursery. 

(Gallaaral, 2024 y) 
 

№ 

 

Sample varieties 

 name 

 

Plant height  

(cm) 

Number of 

branches per 

plant (pcs.) 

Number of 

baskets per 

plant (pcs.) 

 

Productivity 

c/ha 

1 Jizzak-1 71,4 6 18 7,1 

2 СП/5 75,6 7 17 8,6 

3 СП/8 70,4 6 19 7,4 

4 СП/14 73,6 8 21 8,0 

5 СП/21 81,5 6 27 8,9 

6 СП/35 72,4 7 17 7,8 

7 СП/39 74,6 8 15 7,1 

8 СП/41 86,3 9 13 6,9 

9 СП/47 78,6 7 28 8,5 

10 СП/56 68,9 6 20 7,5 

11 Jizzak-1 70,2 7 16 7,4 

12 СП/63 82,6 8 29 9,0 

13 СП/78 75,9 7 16 6,7 

14 СП/89 70,1 6 23 7,6 

15 СП/91 78,9 5 24 8,3 

16 СП/97 74,6 7 27 8,6 

17 СП/111 86,7 9 19 7,5 

18 СП/115 80,2 5 15 7,0 

19 СП/118 82,5 7 18 8,7 

20 СП/120 75,8 9 31 9,2 

21 Jizzak-1 72,4 8 19 6,5 

22 СП/131 75.8 7 28 9,1 

23 СП/136 73,5 6 19 8,3 

When studying the height of the plant samples, 
varieties stood out as SP-111-86.7 cm, SP/25-81.5 cm, 
SP/41-86.3 cm, SP/63-82.3 cm, compared to the  

standard varieties Zhizzak-1 (above 8-12 cm). In 
terms of the number of baskets and yield, varieties SP-
97, SP-91, SP-21, SP-118, SP-131, SP-47, SP-120 and 



American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 18 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

SP136 (4-6 pieces) stood out; it has been proven that it 
is more formed and the yield is higher by 1.5-1.8 c. 

CONCLUSIONS 

In the collection nursery of safflower, based on 
phenological observations and morphological 
characteristics, including stem, leaf shape, shape of 
fruit heads, cover with thorns, color of golden leaves. 
Based on the research results, primary sources on 
various areas of selection were extracted from them. 
As a result of a comprehensive study of the samples, 18 
samples were selected by the number of baskets, 12 
samples by the productivity of one plant, 11 samples by 
seed size, and 19 samples were selected. Considering 
that the number of seed heads, the number of seeds 
and the size of the seeds are one of the main and 
important factors affecting yield, the number of seed 
heads varies depending on the varieties and quality of 
agricultural products. It was proven that the number of 
heads per plant was low in 29 samples (5-9), medium in 
52 samples (11-13) and high in 57 samples (14). 

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Указ № ПФ-5742 Президента Республики 
Узбекистан Ш.Мирзияева от 17 июня 2019 года «О 
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и водных ресурсов в сельском хозяйстве». 

Ю.А.Арипов. “Сафлор” Учебное пособие, Ташкент 
1967 г. 

Арипов Ш.Х., и др. «Агротехнология получения 
высоких урожаев масличных культур в условиях 
богары» Научно-практическое пособие. 
Издательство "Зия". 2017 г. 

Доспехов Б.А. Методика полевого опыта- М. 
“Колос”,1978 г. 

Сборник научных отчетов НИИБЗ  2020-2023 гг. 

 


