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 VOLUME Vol.05 Issue01 2025 

PAGE NO. 8-12 

DOI 10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-03 

 
 
 
 

Isolation of adaptive varieties of tomato and innovative 

technologies for their cultivation on slightly saline soils 

of the Bukhara region 
 

Toshtemir Еshimovich Оstоnаkulоv 

Dераrtmеnt оf аgrосhеmistry, fruit аnd vеgеtаblе grоwing аnd есоlоgy, Kаrshi Stаtе Univеrsity, Kаrshi, 700000, Uzbеkistаn 

 

 Gulshoda Anvar qizi Sаidоvа 

Dосtоrаl studеnt, Rеsеаrсh Institutе оf Vеgеtаblеs, Mеlоns аnd Роtаtоеs, Tashkent, Uzbеkistаn, Bukhаrа Stаtе Univеrsity, Bukhаrа, 

Uzbеkistаn 

 

 Аnvar Аkbarovich Shаmsiеv 

Аssосiаtе Рrоfеssоr, Sаmаrkаnd Аgrоinnоvаtiоn's аnd Rеsеаrсh Univеrsity, Sаmаrkаnd, Uzbеkistаn 

 

 

Received: 08 December 2024; Accepted: 10 January 2025; Published: 13 February 2025 

 

Abstract: The article presents the results of assessing the collection of tomato hybrid varieties in terms of early 
maturity, adaptability, formation of the leaf surface, tops, root system and productivity, and as a result, high- 
yielding, adaptive hybrid varieties and the improvement of the elements of agricultural technology for their 
cultivation, such as irrigation regimes, fertilizer rates, planting patterns and standing density for slightly saline 
soils. It was revealed that hybrid varieties of tomato were distinguished - Seraj F1, Tomck F1, Bobcat F1, Lojain F1, 
which formed tall plants (51.3- 60.2 cm), root weight - 124-144 g, tops - 473-574 g, fruit yield per bush – 1525.5-
2470.5 g. These hybrid varieties provided the highest yield (67.8-109.8 t/ha). In the selected adaptive hybrid 
varieties, the optimal soil moisture regime was not lower than 75-85-85% of the PSMC and the application of 
fertilizers at the rate of 20 t/ha of manure + N200P160K100 kg/ha. At the same time, the yield of hybrid varieties 
(48.6-88.1 t/ha), the yield per 1 m3 of water was the highest (5.7-9.8 kg), and the water consumption per 1 centner 
of the crop was the 2-17.5 m3) and the content of nitrates in fruits did not exceed the recommended norm (44.7-
67.8 mg/kg). The optimal planting scheme was 90x25 cm, with a density of 44.4 thousand plants per 1 ha, where 
it provided a high yield (25.3-90.0 tons).   

 

Keywords: Varieties of tomato, innovative technologies, Early maturity, adaptability, formation of the leaf surface, 
tops, root system. 

 

Introduction: The Bukhara region of Uzbekistan is 
characterized by specific soil and climatic conditions, a 
low level of provision of the population with the 
volume of tomato production, and the yield does not 
exceed 20-22 tons from 1 hectare. The increase in 
tomato yield under these conditions largely depends 
on the selection of highly productive, adaptive, 
resistant varieties to soil salinity, diseases and pests 
and other extreme factors, the organization of 
scientifically based local primary and elite seed 

production, the development and widespread 
introduction of the main elements of agricultural 
cultivation technology, such as the timing of planting 
seedlings, planting pattern and density of standing, 
irrigation regime, fertilizer rates and others, the 
solution of which is of great scientific and practical 
importance. It is relevant that although the tomato is 
the leading vegetable crop in the republic, the need has 
not been satisfied to this day. The main reasons for this, 
taking into account each soil-climatic region, the 

 

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-03
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume05Issue02-03
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7107-3544
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-4283


American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 9 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

assessment of the collection of various hybrid varieties, 
that adaptive tomato hybrid varieties have not been 
identified, the lack of high-quality varietal seeds [1-4]. 

The purpose of the study is to study the collection of 
early, mid-early and mid-ripening tomato hybrid 
varieties under the conditions of slightly saline soils of 
the Bukhara region, to identify promising adaptive 
hybrid varieties on their basis and by studying irrigation 
regimes, norms of organic and mineral fertilizers, 
planting patterns and standing density, improve 
agricultural technology cultivation of selected hybrid 
varieties. 

METHODS 

Field experiments were carried out in the conditions of 
irrigated meadow alluvial soils of the farm “Khamroev 
Khalil Bozorovich” of the Zhandor district of the 
Bukhara region in the following areas: 

Please follow these instructions as carefully as possible 
so all articles within a conference have the same style 
to the title page. This paragraph follows a section title 
so it should not be indented. 

Experience-1. Comprehensive assessment of the 
collection of tomato hybrid varieties in terms of early 
maturity, growth, development, formation of the leaf 
surface area, tops, root system, fruit formation, 
productivity, total and marketable yields by collections 
and, on their basis, the selection of promising, adaptive 
hybrid varieties for slightly saline meadow alluvial soils. 

18 varieties and heterotic tomato hybrids were tested. 
Plot area - 18 m2, 3-fold repetition. Planting of 
seedlings with 5-7 true leaves was carried out according 
to the scheme 90x25cm on April 5-12. 

Experience-2. To study the selected varieties-hybrids of 
tomato under the given conditions of growth, 
development, bush formation, productivity, yield and 
quality of the harvest under various irrigation regimes 
and fertilizer rates. 

In this field experiment, the selected tomato hybrid 
varieties - Tomsk F1, Red stone, Bobcat F1, Lojain F1 
were studied under two irrigation regimes for pre-
irrigation soil moisture of 65-75-75 and 75-85-85% of 
the pre-irrigation soil moisture content (PSMC). In each 
irrigation regime, 5 norms of fertilizers were studied 
(N150P120K75, N200P160K100, 20 t/ha of manure + 
N150P120K75, 20 t/ha of manure + N200P160K100, 20 
t/ha of manure + N250P200K125 kg/ha). 

Plot area for irrigation - 720 m2, for fertilizer - 144 m2, 

3-fold repetition. Accounting for irrigation water was 
carried out using the weir "Cipoletti". And the irrigation 
rate was taken into account by the moisture deficit in 
the soil layer (0-50, 0-70 and 0-100 cm). 

Experience-3. To determine the influence of the 
planting pattern and standing density on the growth, 
productivity, total and marketable yield of the selected 
tomato hybrid varieties. To do this, they were planted 
and compared with each other according to the 
scheme 90x30cm (control), 90x25cm, 90x20cm with a 
standing density of 36.6, 44.4 and 

55.5 thousand plants per 1 ha. 

The plot area according to the planting scheme is 144 
m2, and according to hybrid varieties - 36 m2, 3-fold 
repetition. All records, observations, calculations and 
analyzes on the experimental plot were carried out 
according to the generally accepted methodology and 
agro-recommendations [5-9]. 

All field experiments were laid in one field contour, the 
soils of the experimental plot are characterized by a 
humus content of 0.97-1.12%, gross nitrogen - 0.102-
0.115%, phosphorus - 0.171-0.188%, and potassium - 
1.96-2.03 %, reaction in aqueous extract pH=7.2-7.3, 
degree of salinity is slightly chloride (0.310-0.412% 
chlorine ion). 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

The collection of hybrid varieties of tomato in terms of 
growth, development, formation of the leaf surface 
area, tops, roots, fruits, productivity indicators, harvest 
yields and commercial yields differed significantly 
(Table 1). 

The data showed that the growing season, that is, the 
period from planting seedlings to 1-harvest, in the 
group of early-ripening hybrid varieties was 50-57 days, 
in the group of medium-early hybrid varieties - 59-64 
days, and in mid-season - 69-71 days. In the group of 
early-ripening hybrids, all hybrid varieties differed from 
the standard variety Mustaqillik-28 by fruit ripening 1-
7 days earlier, in the group of medium-early hybrid 
varieties, only the Terra Cotta F1 hybrid had a 
vegetative period of 59 days, and in the standard 
variety Volgogradsky 5/95 - 60 days. days, and in other 
hybrid varieties studied, the growing season was 2-4 
days longer. In the group of mid-ripening varieties, the 
duration of the growing season was at the level of the 
standard, only in the hybrid H2274 F1 - 71 days, that is, 
2 days longer. 

 

Table 1. Growth, development, productivity, productivity and marketability of 

fruits of varieties (hybrids) of tomato on slightly saline soils (2022-2024) 

 



American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 10 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

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Early varieties 

1. Mustaqillik-28(st.) 53 46,0 105 460 859,5 1:1,8 139,0 38,2 

2. Ogastin (DE) 57 49,3 116 479 949,5 1:1,9 217,2 42,2 

3. Lojain F1(NL) (ст.) 50 51,3 124 473 1525,5 1:3,6 197,4 67,8 

4. Tomck F1(NL) 54 60,2 144 574 2470,5 1:4,0 329,6 109,8 

5. Bobcat F1(NL) 54 55,7 130 510 2119,5 1:4,1 277,3 94,2 

6. Seraj F1(NL) 54 57,2 135 546 2025,0 1:3,7 358,3 90,0 

Mid-early varieties 

7. Rio-grandе(NL)(ст.) 62 34,6 104 466 929,3 1:1,9 127,6 41,6 

8. Volgogradsky 5/95(RU) 60 43,5 112 450 573,8 1:1,5 137,1 28,2 

9. Red stone (USA) 64 46,0 126 490 1035,0 1:2 153,0 45,6 

10. Yusupov(UZ) 61 36,0 130 516 753,8 1:1,6 315,5 34,4 

11. Vostok (UZ) 64 36,2 103 464 623,3 1:1,6 84,8 30,9 

12. BT 1019 F1 (TR) (ст.) 59 48,2 102 475 299,3 1:0,08 30,2 14,2 

13. Terra cotta F1(NL) 59 49,9 127 502 785,3 1:1,4 183,2 34,0 

14. Wolverine F1(NL) 61 50,7 129 510 918,0 1:1 243,2 39,1 

Mid-season varieties 

15. Floradade (US)(ст.) 69 47,2 144 486 877,5 1:2 106,1 41,6 

16 Campbell (DE) 69 45,9 117 485 821,3 1:1,9 253,9 39,0 

17. Н2274 F1 (TR)(ст.) 71 46,3 120 490 720,0 1:1,8 103,4 35,0 

18 Pink trind F1(NL) 71 52,0 134 545 990,0 1:1,8 225,0 44,4 

The group of early-ripening hybrid varieties from other 
groups of hybrid varieties had relatively tall, branched, 
with a high leaf surface area, powerful tops, root 
system and fruit yield. Tomato hybrid varieties - Bobcat 
F1, Lojain F1, Tomsk F1, Seraj F1 were especially 
distinguished by these indicators. At the same time, 
plant height was 51.3-60.2 cm, fruit yield per bush – 
1525,5-2470,5 g, where the ratio of fruits and tops 
differed 1:3.6-4.1. Relatively high growth and 
productivity indicators were observed in the mid-early 
variety Red stone, mid-season variety Floradade, 
hybrid Pink trind F1, where the yield of fruits per bush 
was 877.5-1035.0 g, the ratio of fruits and tops was 
1:1.8-2.0. In the studied tomato hybrid varieties, the 
average weight of fruits varied significantly, the largest 
fruits (147.4-329.6 g) were obtained from hybrids Seraj 
F1, Tomck F1, Bobcat F1, Pink trind F1. The Floradade 
variety had an average fruit weight of 106.1 g, while the 
Red stone variety had an average fruit weight of 153.0 

g. Under the conditions of slightly saline soils from the 
studied tomato varieties in the group of early ripe 
hybrid varieties, the highest yield was provided by the 
hybrids Tomck F1 – 109.8 t/ha, Bobcat F1 – 94.2 t/ha,  

Seraj F1 – 90.0 t/ha, Lojain F1 – 67.8 t/ha. The early 
maturing variety Augustin, the mid- early variety Red 
stone, the mid-season variety Floradade, the hybrid 
Pink trind F1 yielded 41.6-44.4 tons per hectare. And in 
other tested hybrid varieties, the yield was at the level 
of the standard variety, that is, 30.9-41.6 t/ha, the 
lowest yield (14.2 t/ha) was noted in the hybrid BT 1019 
F1. 

Thus, relative to salt tolerance, growth, development, 
formation of a powerful leaf surface, tops, root system, 
productivity and yield by collection, as well as precocity 
and adaptability, tomato hybrid varieties - Seraj F1, 
Tomck F1, Bobcat F1, Lojain F1, Red stone, Pink trind F1 
(Figure 1). 

 

 

 

 



American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 11 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

 

 

Fig. 1. General view of the fruits of selected adaptive varieties - tomato hybrids. 

Under the conditions of irrigated meadow alluvial 
slightly saline soils, the growth, development, 
formation of productivity and marketable yields in 
selected hybrid varieties of tomato are the main 
determining factor is the optimization of the irrigation 
regime and fertilizer rates. 

In order to establish optimal irrigation regimes and 
fertilizer rates, we have studied irrigation regimes for 
pre-irrigation soil moisture of 65-75-75 and 75-85-85% 
of the PSMC and in each of these, 5 fertilizer rates were 
studied, i.e. N150P120K75, N200P160K100, 20 t/ha of 
manure + N150P120K75, 20 t/ha of manure + 
N200P160K100 and 20 t/ha of manure + 
N250P200K125 kg/ha. 

It has been established that in the selected tomato 
hybrid varieties, optimal for growth, formation, tall, 
with the largest leaf surface area, powerful tops, root 
system, the highest productivity rates were noted while 
maintaining the irrigation regime for pre-irrigation soil 
moisture not lower than 75-85-85% of the PSMC and 
application of organomineral fertilizers at a rate of 20 
t/ha of manure + N200P160K100 kg/ha. 

At the same time, the highest yield was achieved in 
tomato hybrid varieties (Tomck F1 – 88.1 t/ha, Bobcat  

F1 - 72.7 t/ha, Lojain F1 – 77.9 t/ha, Red stone – 48.6 
t/ha ), the yield per 1 m3 of irrigation water was the 
highest for the Red stone variety - 5.7; hybrid Tomck F1 
- 

9.8; Bobcat F1 - 9.7 and Lojain F1 - 8.0 kg, or the 
consumption of irrigation water per 1 quintal of crop 
was the lowest (10.2-17.5 m3), and in fruits the nitrate 
content did not exceed the recommended norm and 
was within 44.72-67.18 mg/kg. 

It was revealed that in order to obtain a yield of 45-80 
t/ha and more in the selected adaptive varieties and 
hybrids of tomato, it is necessary to maintain pre-
irrigation soil moisture at least 75-85-85% of the PSMC 
and apply organomineral fertilizers at a rate of 20 t/ha 
of manure + N200P160K100 kg/ha. To maintain the 
irrigation regime for pre-irrigation soil moisture at the 
level of 75-85-85% of the PSMC, 20 irrigations are 
necessary according to the 2-3-15 scheme ("planting 
seedlings - flowering" - 2 times, "flowering - fruiting" - 
3 times and "fruiting -harvesting" - 15 irrigations) with 
an irrigation rate of 500-600 m3/ha and an interval 
every 5-11 days, an irrigation rate of 8200-8700 m3. 

In slightly saline soils, one of the main factors 
determining the yield of a tomato is planting patterns 
and planting density. Preservation, ensuring the 
density of standing from salinity and adverse climatic 
factors and maintaining soil moisture at an optimal 
level largely depends on the row spacing and planting 
patterns. Taking this into account, we have 
comparatively studied planting schemes of 90x30 cm 
(control), 90x25 and 90x20 cm with a standing density 
of 37.0, 44.4 and 55.5 thousand plants per 1 ha, 



American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 12 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi 

American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) 
 

 

respectively, in the selected adapted Red stone tomato 
hybrid varieties, Bobcat F1, Lojain F1 Mustaqillik-28 and 
Volgogradsky 5/95 (st.). 

The highest yield of hybrid varieties 25.3-90.0 t/ha with 
a large mass of marketable fruits (85.8-214.2 g) was 
observed with a scheme of 90x25 cm with a density of 
44.4 thousand plants per 1 ha. When planting seedlings 
90x20 cm with a density of 55.5 thousand plants per 1 
ha, the yield increases, but within the Least Significant 
Difference the increase did not exceed 2.5 t/ha. 

CONCLUSIONS 

1. Seraj F1, Tomck F1, Bobcat F1, Lojain F1 differed in 
early ripe tomato hybrid varieties. Plant height was 
51.3-60.2 cm, weight of roots (124-144 g), tops ), the 
yield of fruits from the bush (1525.5- 2470.5 g), that the 
ratio of fruits and tops was 1: 3.6-4.1. Relatively high 
growth and productivity indicators were observed in 
the mid-early variety Red stone, mid-season variety 
Floradade, hybrid Pink trind F1, where the yield of fruits 
per bush was 877.5-1035.0 g, the ratio of fruits and tops 
was 1:1.8-2.0. In the studied tomato hybrid varieties, 
the average weight of fruits varied significantly, and the 
largest fruits (147.4-329.6 g) were noted in the hybrids 
Seraj F1, Tomck F1, Bobcat F1, Pink trind F1. The 
highest yield was provided by early ripe tomato hybrids 
- Tomck F1 (109.8 t/ha), Bobcat F1 (94.2 t/ha), Seraj F1 
(90.0 t/ha), Lojain F1 (67.8 t/ha). The early ripe variety 
Augustin, mid-early variety Red stone, mid-season 
variety Floradade, hybrid Pink trind F1 yielded 41.6-
44.4 tons per hectare. 

2. Under the conditions of weakly saline soils, the main 
factor determining the growth and development of 
plants, the formation of productivity and marketable 
yields in selected adaptive tomato hybrid varieties is 
the optimization of the irrigation regime and fertilizer 
rates. It was revealed that in the selected hybrid 
varieties of tomato, favorable for growth, the 
formation of the largest leaf surface area, a powerful 
root system and tops, were noted under the irrigation 
regime for pre-irrigation soil moisture of at least 75-85-
85% of the PSMC and the application of organomineral 
fertilizers at a rate of 20 t/ha manure+N200P160K100 
kg/ha. At the same time, the highest yield was provided 
by tomato hybrid varieties (Tomck F1 – 88.1 t/ha, 
Bobcat F1 – 72.7 t/ha, Lojain F1 – 77.9 t/ha, Red stone 
– 48.6 t/ha), the yield per 1 m3 of irrigation water was 
the highest (5.7-9.8 kg) or the consumption of irrigation 
water per 1 quintal of crop was the lowest (10.7-17.5 
m3), and the content of nitrates in fruits did not exceed 
recommended norm and amounted to 44.72- 

67.18 mg/kg. 

3. In slightly saline soils, one of the factors determining 
the yield of tomato is the planting pattern and standing 

density. Preservation and provision of standing density 
from salinity and adverse climatic factors and 
maintaining soil moisture at an optimal level largely 
depends on the row spacing and planting patterns. It 
has been established that under the conditions of 
slightly saline soils, the planting scheme of 90x25 cm 
with a density of 44.4 thousand plants per 1 ha turned 
out to be optimal for the selected adaptive tomato 
hybrid varieties. At the same time, the highest yield was 
obtained for varieties and hybrids (25.31-90.0 t/ha). 

REFERENCES 

R.A. Nizamov, Tomato cultivation (Tashkent, 2021) 

T.E. Ostonakulov, V.I. Zuev, O.K. Kodirkhodzhaev, Fruit 
growing and vegetable growing (Vegetable growing) (In 
Uzbek lang. Tashkent. Nowruz, 2019) 

T.E. Ostonakulov, O.Kh. Murodov, A.I. Ismailov, Zh. 
Actual problems of modern science 6, 58-61 (2020) 

Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 
http://www.agro.uz/uz/services/recommentations/81
20/ 

B.Zh. Azimov, B.B.Azimov, Methodology for conducting 
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potato growing (Tashkent. National Encyclopedia of 
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V.F. Belik, Experimental technique in vegetable growing 
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State register of agricultural crops recommended for 
sowing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan 
(Tashkent, 2022) 

B.A. Dospekhov, Methods of field experience (Moscow, 
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S.S. Litvinov, Methods of field experience in vegetable 
growing (Moscow, 2011). 

 


