Volume 03 Issue 04-2023 6 American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN – 2771-2559) VOLUME 03 ISSUE 04 Pages: 06-10 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) OCLC – 1290679216 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi ABSTRACT In the article, scientific research and sources of their financing in shadow cultivation in agriculture were studied. KEYWORDS Soybeans, cultivation of soybean varieties, innovations, innovative technologies, seeds, next generation soybeans. Chorian countries. INTRODUCTION It is known that after Uzbekistan gained independence, the agricultural sector and its science were completely reorganized. The forms of management, management and ownership in agriculture have been changed. The general structure of the composition of agricultural crops has been improved again. Many agricultural products, which were imported from neighboring republics, now had to be grown in our own farms. According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022 "On the development strategy of the new Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" No. PF-60, the reduction of 200 thousand hectares of cotton and grain areas in agriculture, as well as the expansion of soybean areas, accordingly led to a revision of the share of other crops in the crop composition. Such changes require a new approach to the organizational and economic mechanisms of soybean cultivation. Research Article SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND SOURCES OF THEIR FINANCING IN SHADOW CULTIVATION IN AGRICULTURE Submission Date: April 01, 2023, Accepted Date: April 05, 2023, Published Date: April 10, 2023 Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue04-02 Tashxodjayeva Gulnoza Saydamxodjaevna “Tiiame” Nru, Independent Search Engine, Uzbekistan Samandarov Yunusbek Rahmon Ugli Student Of “Tiiame” Nru, Uzbekistan Journal Website: https://theusajournals. com/index.php/ajahi Copyright: Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the creative commons attributes 4.0 licence. https://theusajournals.com https://doi.org/10.37547/ajahi/Volume03Issue04-02 Volume 03 Issue 04-2023 7 American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN – 2771-2559) VOLUME 03 ISSUE 04 Pages: 06-10 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) OCLC – 1290679216 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi From 2000 to 2015, the cultivation of soybeans in the country decreased, the first reason for this was the poor condition of the material and technical base of the industry, the weakening of the support of science and human resources also affected the production. Scientific research work is being carried out in the field of agriculture for the cultivation of soy crops and their expansion. Given that soybean grows well in a variety of soils, its successful cultivation requires adequate rainfall and effective temperatures, as it increases its heat requirements. Selection of soybean crops for drought and cold tolerance is of great importance given the growing interest in soybean cultivation by regions. The most urgent tasks in the cultivation of soybeans in agriculture are to increase productivity, improve biochemical and technological properties, and strengthen resistance to drought, cold, and floods. At the same time, the productive potential of the variety can be realized only through the cultivation technology that is compatible with its biological characteristics, taking into account the natural conditions that play a decisive role in the placement of crop varieties. Despite the positive trends of agricultural development, the possibilities of cultural potential have not yet been realized. The indicators of the country's agricultural producers and the results of scientific research also confirm this. Thus, in 2020, the high productivity of soybean varieties on farms in the Tashkent region can be an example of the selection of varieties based on a scientific method and compliance with the recommendations of scientific staff of scientific institutions. There are a number of options for soybean cultivation technologies. It is available in different natural and climatic conditions for each specific application area, taking into account the existing material and technical base of the agricultural producer. However, the successful and rapid development of soybean cultivation and farming as a promising branch of agriculture should only be fully supported by the state of local soybean producers. Strengthening state control in the field of certification will help minimize negative factors such as the use of agricultural seed production by agricultural producers and the proliferation of questionable products with low yields. These lead to a decrease in the income needed to further develop breeding programs. In the process of agricultural development, issues of climate change and dependence on water supply create serious obstacles in the field of solving the issue of increasing the economic efficiency of soybean cultivation. That is why issues such as introduction of resource-saving technologies in the network, breeding of soybean varieties that meet market demand and yield high-quality crops, creation and placement of soybean varieties suitable for the regions of our republic are becoming more and more urgent. In order to achieve these goals, it is desirable to find a solution to the following organizational and economic problems of soybean cultivation and put it into practice: - solving the issue of breeding soybean varieties that are high-yielding, resistant to diseases and pests, resistant to rapidly changing unfavorable conditions of nature, and maximally responsive to changes in market demand, and taking into account the degree of suitability for regional conditions; Volume 03 Issue 04-2023 8 American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN – 2771-2559) VOLUME 03 ISSUE 04 Pages: 06-10 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) OCLC – 1290679216 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi - mechanisms for attracting investments and innovations for material and technical armament in soybean cultivation in agriculture should be developed and implemented; - improving the system of supplying soybean varieties with local and mineral fertilizers to increase soil fertility, taking into account the soil composition of the region, soybean types and varieties, productivity, within the framework of scientifically based agrotechnical regulations; - Optimizing the composition of soybean cultivation, taking into account the changes in demand in the regional markets and the available opportunities, as well as the issue of producing products for export; - in order to increase the level of mechanization of agriculture, it is necessary to provide it with special equipment, repair existing equipment and solve the issue of components; - wide use of methods of technical and technological improvement in soybean cultivation, including the expansion of soybean diversity in the regions. • In agriculture, the banking method can be used in the direction of soybean cultivation. For this, it is necessary to allocate targeted credit resources to farmers: - the cultivation of soy crops quickly covers the expenses related to the purchase of special techniques and equipment for its implementation; - restoration of a high-quality soybean variety, planting of a productive soybean variety, creation of a new soybean variety and taking into account the use of new technologies: - it is necessary to improve the professional qualifications of farm workers in soybean cultivation, to help mastering new agrotechnical measures, to improve the economic basis of providing soybean cultivation with qualified and experienced specialists, and to solve other similar problems step by step. In wide row crops, in order not to damage the root system of plants, if the soybean rows are well defined, the first inter-row cultivation is carried out at a depth of no more than 5-7 cm. The second and subsequent cultivation, when the weeds appear at a slightly greater depth than the first, flat cutting is carried out by working bodies. Interrow cultivation is stopped when soybean plants close the row spacing. In the development of agriculture, the issue of expanding the possibility of growing soybeans, whose quality and appearance meet the requirements of the world market, based on the provision of high-quality raw materials to the processing industry of soy products of our republic, has the characteristic of attracting buyers, in addition, it is necessary to find a solution. Increasing the productivity of soybeans and increasing the economic efficiency of agriculture largely depends on how the issue of optimizing the composition of the soybean variety and improving the yield level is solved. Optimizing the composition of the soybean variety is required to take into account the specific characteristics of each region. In this case, it is necessary to pay special attention to the issue of territorial placement of soybean species and varieties. In regional location, it is necessary to take into account not only the natural and climatic conditions of the regions, but also the chemical and mechanical composition of the soil, its characteristics according to its types. In the research of G. Shadieva and B. Saimnazarov, the sowing period of soybean is 121-123 days when it is planted before May 1-10. It is stated that this is optimal Volume 03 Issue 04-2023 9 American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN – 2771-2559) VOLUME 03 ISSUE 04 Pages: 06-10 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) OCLC – 1290679216 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi for soybean plant development. Therefore, first of all, if soybean varieties and their sowing period are chosen correctly, there is a possibility of obtaining a high yield. In the sustainable development of agriculture, it is important to improve soybean varieties and select and place varieties according to the nature of market demand. Improving the quality of domestic varieties by using foreign soybean varieties is one of the most economically effective measures to increase the maturity level of soybeans. In this case, it is necessary to pay special attention to the issue of growing high- quality soybeans, which are in great demand in the market. It is noted that, although the use of regional opportunities is of great importance in the sustainable development of soybean cultivation in our republic, it is necessary to develop soybean cultivation even in regions with limited land area. It is possible to solve a number of socio-economic problems of local importance by organizing soybean cultivation in the development of agriculture in the republic's territories. Including: - it will be possible to ensure the employment of the local population, to create conditions for them to earn; - ensures effective use of land resources even in areas unsuitable for agriculture; - it is possible to better supply raw materials to the preparation and processing industry of soybean cultivation; - opportunities for growing high-quality soy products in ecologically clean conditions will increase. As mineral fertilizers are allocated centrally for soybean cultivation, especially in agriculture, in particular, an effective system of providing mineral fertilizers for soybean cultivation has not been created today. Since this issue depends more on the level of development of the chemical industry, it is very difficult to improve the supply of mineral fertilizers in soybean cultivation in the near future. Therefore, the main way out of the situation is the widespread use of local fertilizers. In combination with the relative cheapness of local fertilizers, the quality of the products grown is high and it is very useful for the human body from the point of view of the environment. It is also one of the effective methods of enriching the garden soil with waste and other nutrients that can be implemented in each soybean field, increasing the income of farmers by increasing the yield of existing soybeans. In the opinion of U. Nematov, when watering soybeans at a humidity of 70-70-70% relative to ChDNS, the period until flowering of soybean varieties is proportionally 12.5-12.6m3/ha in 1 day, and 2942-2990m3 of water is consumed during the season (in the past period). determined. Soyada emphasized that the soil moisture in irrigation procedures or the number of irrigations increased, water consumption will increase. At the same time, there are real opportunities for large- scale development of soybean cultivation in the country. On the other hand, active agrarian policy for agricultural development will help to increase local soy consumption resources, reduce import of seed materials and strengthen food security of the country. In general, the funds allocated for research and development of soybean cultivars lead to increased efficiency. Volume 03 Issue 04-2023 10 American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN – 2771-2559) VOLUME 03 ISSUE 04 Pages: 06-10 SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 7. 471) OCLC – 1290679216 Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services Servi In our opinion, the main reasons for underutilization of research funding sources are: - poor financial condition of agricultural enterprises, including farmers and peasant farms; - incomplete development of the mechanism of financing research and development works by agricultural enterprises; - scientific production relations between agricultural enterprises and scientific institutions are not established on the basis of mutual interest, most of them cannot fully imagine and project scientific innovations and the economic results achieved as a result of the introduction of these innovations, they do not have enough information; - low qualification of employees in agricultural enterprises; - it is considered that the research products cannot appear as products in the agricultural market. Self-financing of agricultural enterprises is the basis of its independence, which is ensured by saving resources and implementing a flexible cost and price policy. However, it is not always possible for the enterprise to finance its activities only from its own account, it is necessary to attract the same funds. At the same time, a mandatory requirement of the financial stability of the enterprise is to observe the appropriate ratio of own funds and credit funds. The financial risk decreases with an increase in the share of own funds, and a reasonable amount of attracted funds improves the financial condition of the enterprise. One of the main directions of increasing the financial stability of agricultural enterprises is to increase its profit and profitability. An increase in the profitability of the enterprise helps to carry out expanded reproduction, the ability to fulfill its obligations, and an increase in the level of profitability, which characterizes the increase in the efficiency of investing financial resources. REFERENCES 1. Decree No. PF-60 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022 "On the development strategy of the new Uzbekistan for 2022-2026". 2. Grinko A. V., Kulygin V. A., Vliyanie elementov tekhnologii ozdelyvaniya na urozaynost soi v usloviyax chernozemov obyknovennyx // "Jivye i biokosnye sistemy". – 2017. – No. 22; Friendly mode: http://www.jbks.ru/archive/issue222/aricle24 3. Sulaymanov B.A., Atabaeva Kh.N., Tillaev R. and the head. Do you know how to grow soybeans? (Manual). - Tashkent, 2017. 4. Balakay, G. T. Osobennosti tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya soi na oroshaemyx zemlyakh Yuga Rossii [Electronic resource] / G. T. Boy. – Friendly mode: http: infotechno.ru/ros- soya2014/dok balakay2014.php 5. Ananeva, V. V. Perspektivnaya resursosberegayushchaya technology production type: method. recommendations / V. V. Ananeva. - M.: Rosinformagrotex, 2008. - 56 p.