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 VOLUME Vol.05 Issue06 2025 

PAGE NO. 19-24 

DOI 10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue06-05 

 
 
 
 

Technology for Obtaining the Biologically Active 

Supplement “Cardioherb” 
 

Ishonkulova N.F 

Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Uzbekistan 

 

Mahmudjanova K.S. 

"ALFRAGANUS UNIVERSITY" non-governmental higher education organization, Uzbekistan 

 

Ashurov A.A. 

Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Uzbekistan 

 

 

Received: 22 April 2025; Accepted: 18 May 2025; Published: 20 June 2025 

 

Abstract: Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability among humans [1,2]. In 
this regard, the development of herbal medicines not only for treatment but also for prevention is considered 
highly relevant. Dietary supplements (biologically active food additives or BAFAs) are mainly used as preventive 
agents [3]. 

 

Keywords: Biologically active, preventive agents, scientific research. 

 

Introduction: It is well known that for a long time, 
plant-based medications such as hawthorn and 
Geranium collinum have proven to be effective 
cardioprotective agents [4]. These plants have been 
widely used not only in folk medicine but also in 
scientific research. Numerous studies indicate that 
these plants are rich in various biologically active 
compounds, making them highly valuable in medicine. 

Research Objects. The research utilized hawthorn 
fruits (Crataegus) and roots/rhizomes of Geranium 
collinum, which grow in the Republic of Uzbekistan. 

Research Objective. The literature contains data on 
obtaining extracts from hawthorn fruits and the 
underground parts of Geranium collinum [5]. However, 
despite numerous studies, no combined 
phytopreparation from these two plants currently 
exists. The goal of our research is to develop a 

technology for obtaining extracts from hawthorn fruits 
and Geranium collinum roots and rhizomes, and on this 
basis, to produce a dietary supplement in capsule form 
named “Cardioherb.” 

Research Results. During the development of 
extraction technology, several factors were considered: 
degree of raw material grinding, type of extractant, 
extraction method, chemical composition, etc. 

Hawthorn fruits were ground into sizes of 1–2 mm, 3–
5 mm, and 7–8 mm. Extracts were obtained using 
maceration, repercolation, and the method of VNIIF 
(All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Pharmacy). 
The content of flavonoids—dihydroquercetin, luteolin, 
rutin, rosavin, quercetin, salidroside—was determined 
in the extracts using HPLC (High Performance Liquid 
Chromatography) (see Figure 1). 

  

 

https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue06-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue06-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue06-05
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume05Issue06-05


American Journal of Applied Science and Technology 20 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajast 

American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

 

Figure 1. Flavonoid content in hawthorn extracts 

 

Ethanol at different concentrations (30%, 50%, 70%) was used as the extractant (Tables 1–

3). 

Table 1. 

Content of extractive substances in hawthorn extract (maceration method) 

Article size 

(mm) 

Flavonoids Ethanol concentration, % 

30 50 70 

Flavonoid content mg/g 

 

 

 

1-2 

Dihydroquercetin 0,012 0,017 0,015 

Luteolin 0,0098 0,012 0,010 

Rutin 0,037 0,041 0,035 

Rosavin 0,113 0,123 0,121 

Quercetin 0,0095 0,011 0,010 

Salidroside 1,62 1,65 1,58 

 

 

3-5 

Dihydroquercetin 0,017 0,018 0,0186 

Luteolin 0,012 0,013 0,0131 

Rutin 0,041 0,045 0,0453 

Rosavin 0,123 0,125 0,126 

Quercetin 0,011 0,013 0,0137 

Salidroside 1,65 1,68 1,68 

 

 

7-8 

Dihydroquercetin 0,016 0,015 0,012 

Luteolin 0,011 0,010 0,0098 

Rutin 0,039 0,035 0,037 

Rosavin 0,122 0,121 0,113 

Quercetin 0,011 0,010 0,0095 

Salidroside 1,62 1,58 1,62 

 



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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

 

 

Table 2. 

Content of extractive substances in hawthorn extract (repercolation method) 

Article size 

(mm) 

Flavonoids Ethanol concentration, % 

30 50 70 

Flavonoid content mg/g 

 

 

 

1-2 

Dihydroquercetin 0,012 0,017 0,015 

Luteolin 0,0098 0,011 0,010 

Rutin 0,037 0,041 0,032 

Rosavin 0,112 0,123 0,121 

Quercetin 0,0095 0,011 0,010 

Salidroside 1,62 1,65 1,59 

 

 

3-5 

Dihydroquercetin 0,017 0,018 0,018 

Luteolin 0,012 0,013 0,013 

Rutin 0,041 0,043 0,049 

Rosavin 0,121 0,125 0,126 

Quercetin 0,011 0,013 0,013 

Salidroside 1,65 1,69 1,69 

 

 

7-8 

Dihydroquercetin 0,016 0,015 0,012 

Luteolin 0,011 0,010 0,0098 

Rutin 0,038 0,035 0,036 

Rosavin 0,112 0,121 0,113 

Quercetin 0,011 0,010 0,0093 

Salidroside 1,62 1,58 1,54 

 

 

Table 3. 

Content of extractive substances in hawthorn extract (VNIIF method) 

Аrticle size 

(mm) 

Flavonoids Ethanol concentration, % 

30 50 70 

Flavonoid content mg/g 

 

 

 

1-2 

Dihydroquercetin 0,015 0,016 0,008 

Luteolin 0,012 0,011 0,0005 

Rutin 0,041 0,03 0,016 

Rosavin 0,113 0,11 0,095 

Quercetin 0,011 0,012 0,0093 

Salidroside 1,65 1,71 1,43 

 

 

3-5 

Dihydroquercetin 0,018 0,02 0,009 

Luteolin 0,013 0,014 0,0005 

Rutin 0,045 0,05 0,02 

Rosavin 0,125 0,13 0,097 

Quercetin 0,013 0,014 0,0095 

Salidroside 1,68 1,77 1,45 



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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

 

 

7-8 

Dihydroquercetin 0,013 0,014 0,008 

Luteolin 0,011 0,009 0,0005 

Rutin 0,038 0,02 0,02 

Rosavin 0,098 0,11 0,094 

Quercetin 0,087 0,011 0,0093 

Salidroside 1,58 1,69 1,38 

Tables 1 to 3 show the concentration of flavonoids in 
hawthorn extracts obtained via maceration, 
repercolation, and VNIIF methods, respectively. 
Experimental data show that the highest yield of active 
compounds was achieved using the VNIIF method. 
Optimal results were obtained using 3–5 mm particle 
size and 50–70% ethanol. For further research, 50% 
ethanol was chosen as the extractant. 

The second stage of the study focused on developing a 
technology for producing a dry extract from Geranium 
collinum roots and rhizomes. While previous studies (Z. 
Pazylbekova et al.) obtained such an extract using 40% 
ethanol and the percolation method [6], they did not 
use the VNIIF method. We applied the VNIIF method 
using 30%, 50%, and 70% ethanol (see Table 4). 

 

Table 4. 

Content of extractive substances in Geranium collinum extract (VNIIF method) 

Аrticle size (mm) Ethanol concentration, % 

30 50 70 

Gallic acid content, mkg/kg 

3-5 721,64 771,74 765,84 

 

 

 
Figure 2. Gallic acid content in Geranium collinum extract 

The data show that the extracts contain a high amount 
of bioactive substances when using 50% and 70% 
ethanol. 

Based on the experimental data and to accelerate 
extraction, we developed a technology for obtaining a 
complex extract using a 2:1 ratio of hawthorn to 
Geranium collinum. Both raw materials were ground to 
3–5 mm, extracted via the VNIIF method with 50% 

ethanol, and the resulting dry extract was conditionally 
named “Cardioherb.” 

Further studies involved qualitative and quantitative 
analysis of the dry extract. The appearance, 
authenticity, moisture content, heavy metal 
concentration, and active substances were 
determined. Results are shown in Table 5. 



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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

Table 5. 

Quality characteristics of the dry extract “Cardioherb” 

Indicator Analysis Result 

Appearance  Brown-colored extract with a distinct 

taste and odor 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Authenticity: 

Flavonoids 

2 g of the dry extract is extracted with 

20 ml of 70% ethanol for 20 minutes. 

After filtration, 2-3 drops of a 2% 

aluminum chloride solution are added 

to 2 ml of the extract. The appearance 

of yellow color indicates the presence 

of flavonoids. 

 

 

 

 

 

Tannins 

1 g of the extract is heated and 

extracted in 10 ml of distilled water for 

15 minutes at a temperature of 60 ° C. 

After filtering the extract, 3-5 drops of 

1% ferric (III) chloride solution are 

added to 2 ml of the extract. The 

formation of a blue-black color 

indicates the presence of tannins. 

Moisture 4,01% 

Heavy metals, %  0,007% 

Active substances: 

 

 

 

Flavonoids, mg/g 

Dihydroquercetin 0,23 

Luteolin 0,05 

Rutin 13,76 

Rosavin 26,3 

Quercetin 0,097 

Salidroside 11,62 

Gallic acid, mkg/kg 1295,42 

As can be seen from the data presented in Table 5, the 
dry extract of the complex composition "Cardiogerb" 
meets the requirements of the pharmacopoeia in all 
respects, and subsequently, on its basis, the technology 
of dietary supplements in the form of capsules was 
developed for use as a cardioprotective agent. 

CONCLUSION 

For the first time, a technology was developed to 
produce a complex dry extract named “Cardioherb”, 

intended as a cardioprotective agent for the prevention 
of cardiovascular diseases. 

REFERENCES 

Cardiovascular diseases. WHO Fact Sheet No. 310, 
2015. 

Available: 
http://www.whogis.com/mediacentre/factsheets/fs31
7/ru/  

Medik V.A. Public health and healthcare: a medico-

http://www.whogis.com/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/ru/
http://www.whogis.com/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/ru/
http://www.whogis.com/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/ru/
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American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) 
 

 

sociological analysis. Moscow: IC RIOR, INFRA-M; 2012. 

A.V. Pogozheva. The role of dietary supplements in 
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Ammon N.R.T., Raul R. Effects of hawthorn extracts, 
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Pazylbekova Z.T., Makhmudzhanova K.S., Zokirov S.Kh. 
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