







































Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 98 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 98-101 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

According to various authors, the proportion of precancerous diseases ranges from 18.2 to 19.8% among diseases of 

the oral mucosa. Galvanosis, in the absence of proper treatment measures, leads to the development of many diseases 

of the oral mucosa, including precancerous ones. 150 patients with signs of galvanosis who applied to the department 

of therapeutic dentistry of the TGSI were examined. Dispersed luminous particles using the Abdullahodzhaeva-

Krahmalev method were identified during galvanosis of the oral cavity. 

KEYWORDS 

Precancerous diseases of the oral cavity, galvanosis, cytology, diagnostics. 

INTRODUCTION

  Research Article 

 

GALVANISM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRECANCEROUS DISEASES OF 

THE ORAL MUCOSA 
 

Submission Date: January 21, 2024, Accepted Date:  January 26, 2024,  

Published Date: January 31, 2024  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue01-15 

 

 

Khaydar Kamilov 
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan 

 

Karima Musaeva 
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan 

 

Diloro Kakhkharova 
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan 

 

Aliya Kadirbayeva 
Tashkent State Dental Institute, Uzbekistan 

Journal Website: 

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Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 99 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 98-101 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

Galvanosis is a pathological condition characterized by 

the effect of galvanic currents on the oral mucosa. The 

pathogenetic basis of galvanosis is the corrosion of 

dissimilar metal materials of dentures, caused by 

electrochemical processes occurring in the oral cavity 

[1-2]. 

One of the effective diagnostic tests is the removal of 

structures made of dissimilar metals [3]. After 

excluding structures made from dissimilar alloys, 

patients, as a rule, note a decrease or even 

disappearance of unpleasant sensations [4-5]. 

However, there are cases when a patient complains 

when there are dentures made of one alloy in the oral 

cavity (Grechishnikov N.S., 2017). 

In this study, galvanism is a factor contributing to the 

development of precancerous diseases of the oral 

cavity [9], which is quite common in recent years, 

which in turn indicates the need to control the 

technical part of orthopedic rehabilitation. 

The object of the study is to substantiate an integrated 

approach to the diagnosis of patients with 

precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa against the 

background of galvanosis.  

Material and research methods. We examined 150 

patients with signs of galvanosis who applied to the 

Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the TGSI in the 

period from 2019 to 2023. To fulfill the objectives of the 

study, the patients who applied were examined 

clinically, using potentiometry, autofluorescence 

stomatoscopy, and also cytologically using the 

Papanicolaou and Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev 

methods. Autofluorescent stomatoscopy was carried 

out in the department of hospital therapeutic 

dentistry. Cytological research methods were carried 

out on the basis of the Republican Pathological 

Anatomical Center. 

We considered the different range of complaints noted 

in patients with precancerous diseases of the oral 

mucosa, due to the diversity of lesions, from the 

perspective of the patient. For example, soreness of 

the oral mucosa was recorded as the most common 

symptom, observed in 92% of patients, and many 

associated the feeling of pain with a burning sensation 

in the mouth, noted in 37% of cases. In addition, 

roughness of the oral mucosa, a feeling of tightness of 

the mucous membrane and a feeling of dryness of the 

oral mucosa were noted. 18% reported a feeling of 

awkwardness or unpleasant sensation during 

functional activities of the oral cavity. 9% of patients 

had no complaints. 

Potentiometry confirmed the presence of 

microcurrents in the oral cavity in all subjects. 

All 150 study patients were examined for the presence 

of pathological fluorescence of the mucous 

membranes. Thus, in all subjects, an increased or 

decreased intensity of luminescence was recorded 

during autofluorescent stomatoscopy. When the beam 

of the device was aimed at the mucous membrane in 

the affected area, a difference in fluorescence was 

noted in the form of a clear focus of hyperkeratosis 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 100 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 98-101 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

highlighting with a brighter glow. In case of erosive 

lesions, on the contrary, a dimming of the glow was 

recorded, highlighting the lesion against the 

background of a brighter healthy mucous membrane. 

Thus, in patients with LP, there was a decrease in oral 

mucosa fluorescence in 85% of cases. In patients with 

veruccous leukoplakia, increased fluorescence in the 

form of a bright white glow was observed in 14%. In 1 

patient, a heterogeneous glow with the presence of 

dark spots, almost black, was noted - complete 

quenching of fluorescence against the background of 

a brown or red glow of the surrounding mucosa, 

confirmed by subsequent morphological analysis as 

oral cancer. 

Analysis of research data using the Abdullahodzhaeva-

Krahmalev method showed positive results when 

conducting screenings in order to identify the initial 

stages of the development of malignancy. Dispersed 

luminous particles were found in smears of patients 

with galvanosis even in the absence of clinical signs. 

During inflammation, alterative signs of epithelial 

structures gave a picture of single DSPs, which gives us 

the opportunity to talk about the possible 

development of cellular atypia in the future. Thus, we 

can judge the effectiveness of screening studies to 

identify precancerous diseases. 

Using a metallographic inverted microscope and a 

digital camera, the image was placed on a computer, 

which later helped to compare the picture of the 

clinical and cytological examination. 

Thus, the following data were obtained. In 1 patient, 

intraepithelial DSPs were found in large quantities. 

An interesting fact was that in 65% of the studied 

patients, in the complete absence of cytological 

changes, intercellular DSCs were registered; this 

feature suggests that chronic diseases caused by 

galvanism are in fact considered precancerous for 

good reason, due to the gradual destruction of cellular 

structures, and the following a stage of tissue 

restructuring may be dysplasia as a stage of cellular 

atypia. Thus, we can talk about the potential risk of 

malignancy in the absence of necessary treatment. 

Conclusions. Dispersed luminous particles using the 

Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev method were identified 

in galvanosis of the oral cavity, and in most cases they 

are multiple intercellular, which indicates the risk of 

developing malignant tumors of the oral cavity. Using 

the Abdullahodzhaeva-Krahmalev method, a system 

for adequately assessing the diagnosis of 

precancerous diseases against the background of 

galvanosis has been improved. 

 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 101 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 98-101 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

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