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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 34-38 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

Studied technological properties of the substance based on Echinacea purpurea juice. Based on the experiments 

conducted, excipients were selected for improving the technological properties of the pressed mass and suggesting 

the optimal composition for “Immunacea bio”  tablets with immunomodulatory effects. 

KEYWORDS 

Bulk density, flowability, angle of repose, compaction coefficient, compressibility, force of ejection of tablets from the 

matrix and static humidity. 

INTRODUCTION

The most popular dosage form used in medicine is 

tablets . A solid dosage form that is usually obtained by 

compression. Tableting is based on the use of the 

properties of powdered medicinal substances to be 

  Research Article 

 

DETERMINATION OF THE COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL 

PROPERTIES OF THE SUBSTANCE FOR IMMUNACEA BIO TABLETS 
 

Submission Date: January 02, 2024, Accepted Date:  January 07, 2024,  

Published Date: January 13, 2024  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume04Issue01-06 

 

 

Zuparova Zulfiya Akhror Kizi 
Phd , Senior Lecturer At The Department Of Organization And Pharmaceutical Production And Quality 

Management Of The Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 

 

Ismoilova Guzaloy Mukhutdinovna 
Ph.D. , Associate Professor, Department Of Organization And Pharmaceutical Production And Quality 

Management, Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 

 

Mirrakhimova Tanzila Akhrorovna 
Dcs , Senior Lecturer At The Department Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, 

Tashkent, Uzbekistan 

 

 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajbspi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 35 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 34-38 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

compacted and strengthened under pressure. In this 

case, the weakly structured material turns into a 

coherently dispersed system with a certain porosity 

value. At the same time, the tableting process is 

influenced by the technological properties of the 

substance, such as fractional composition, bulk 

density, flowability, angle of repose, compaction 

coefficient, compressibility, force of ejection of tablets 

from the matrix and static humidity. To obtain tablets, 

meeting the requirements of quality standards is the 

study of the technological properties of the 

pharmacologically active substance [1,2]. 

The correct choice of excipients during the tableting 

process gives the tablet mass the necessary 

technological properties that ensure dosing accuracy, 

mechanical strength, disintegration and stability of the 

tablets during storage [3]. 

Purpose of the study Determination of the 

composition and technological properties of a 

substance based on Echinacea purpurea juice, for 

“Immunacea bio” tablets  with immunomodulatory 

effects . 

Materials and methods The fractional composition or 

percentage distribution of powder particles by size has 

a certain influence on the degree of its flowability, and 

therefore on the rhythmic operation of tablet 

machines, the stability of the mass of the resulting 

tablets, the accuracy of the dosage of the medicinal 

substance, as well as the quality characteristics of the 

tablets. The fractional composition of the substance 

based on the juice of Echinacea purpurea was 

determined using the sieve method. The dried juice of 

Echinacea purpurea is a brownish-green powder with a 

peculiar odor. 

Bulk density is the mass per unit volume of freely 

poured powder and depends on the density and 

humidity of the substance, the shape and size of the 

particles, and their placement. Based on the bulk 

density value, the nature of the excipients used and the 

volume of the matrix channel of tablet machines are 

predicted, because Dosing of tablet masses in them is 

carried out by volume. Determination of bulk density 

was carried out using a volumetric meter and a 

stainless steel vessel with a volume of 100 ml . 

Flowability is the ability of a powdered material to 

crumble under its own gravity and ensure uniform 

filling of the matrix channel. Material that has poor 

fluidity in the funnel sticks to its walls, which disrupts 

the rhythm of its flow into the matrix. This causes the 

target weight and density of the tablets to fluctuate. 

The flowability of the mass was determined using a VP 

12A device. 

An indirect characteristic of flowability - the angle of 

repose - the angle α between the generatrix of the 

cone of bulk material and the horizontal plane is 

determined from the equation tg (α) = cone height/(0.5 

× base diameter). Flowability was also determined by 

the flow rate through the nozzle using a VP 12A device. 

The interactions between particles that affect the bulk 

properties of a powder also affect the flow of the 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 36 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 34-38 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

material. A free-flowing powder is characterized by 

less interaction between particles and the values of 

bulk density and density after shrinkage will be close. 

For less flowable materials, large differences between 

bulk density and shrinkage density are observed. 

Therefore, fluidity can be assessed by the powder 

compaction coefficient. 

 Compressibility – ability of powder particles to 

cohesion under pressure, i.e. the ability of particles, 

under the influence of forces of an electromagnetic 

nature and mechanical engagement, to mutual 

attraction and adhesion with the formation of a stable, 

strong compact. When determining the 

compressibility of a powder ( granulate ), a sample 

weighing 0.3 or 0.5 g is pressed into a matrix using 

punches with a diameter of 9 mm and 11 mm on a 

hydraulic press at a pressure of 120 MPa. 

To push a pressed tablet out of the matrix, force is 

required to overcome friction and adhesion between 

the side surface of the tablet and the matrix wall. 

Antifriction substances were selected taking into 

account the magnitude of the buoyancy force. When 

determining the ejection force, a sample of powder 

weighing 0.3 was pressed into a matrix with a diameter 

of 9 mm on a hydraulic press at a pressure of 120 MPa. 

The pressed tablet is ejected using the lower punch. At 

the same time, the buoyancy force was recorded on 

the pressure gauge of the press[4,5]. 

The results of studying the physicochemical and 

technological properties of dried Echinacea purpurea 

juice are presented in Table 1. 

Table 1. 

The results of studying the technological properties of the substance - dried juice of Echinacea purple herb 

No. Technological properties Unit results 

1 Factional composition 
+1000 µm 
- 1000 µm +500 µm 
- 500 µm +250 µm 
- 250 µm +125 µm 
- 125 microns 
-100 µm 

% 
 
 
 
 
 

 
0.00 
0.00 
1.20 

23.10 
23.20 
45.1 

2 Flowability 10 -3 kg/s 1.5 

3 Bulk density kg/m 3 508.00 

4 Angle of repose С0 65 

5 Compaction factor  1.7 

6 Compressibility N 12 

7 The force of ejection of tablets from the matrix MPa 3.2 

8 Residual moisture % 5.0 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 37 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 34-38 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

As can be seen from Table 1, the technological properties of the substance turned out to be unsatisfactory, which 

makes it impossible to obtain tablets of proper quality from such material . To improve the technological properties 

of the original drug substance and obtain tablets of appropriate quality with maximum therapeutic effect and minimal 

side effects, it is necessary to conduct appropriate research on the selection of the rational composition and optimal 

technology of the tablets being developed. 

Based on the selected optimal combination of factor levels, the following composition for Immunacea bio tablets was 

proposed[6] . 

Compound: 

Echinacea purple herb juice dried 80 mg 

Microcrystalline cellulose 15 9.0 mg 

Magnesium stearate  2.5 mg 

Aerosil  5.0 mg _ 

Sodium saccharin 0.875 mg 

Vanillin 1.25 mg 

Cherry flavor 1.375 mg 

Average weight 2 50 mg  

CONCLUSION 

Based on a study of the technological properties of the 

substance from the dried juice of Echinacea purpurea, 

the optimal composition was proposed  for tablets 

“Immunacea bio” with immunomodulatory effects. 

 

REFERENCES 

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ИММУНОМОДУЛИРУЮЩИХ И 

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Volume 04 Issue 01-2024 38 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 PAGES: 34-38 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

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