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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
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ABSTRACT 

Cotton Gossypium L. in the soil and climatic conditions of the Syr Darya is a cultural tetraploid from the family of 

G.Barbados L. The phenology of flowering in varieties belonging to the genus has been studied. According to it, of the 

selected research objects, the varieties Surkhan-18, Termez-202 and Surkhan-103 have a high possibility of continuing 

genetic and breeding processes in the conditions of the Syrdarya region and using these varieties to create hybrid 

organisms. 

It is important to study the morphological characteristics of the hybrids obtained on the basis of cross-breeding of 

different types of cotton, and to scientifically substantiate aspects such as the order in which the laws are passed. 

Because each variety has its own morpho-biological characteristics, and in most cases, morpho-biological 

  Research Article 

 

PHENOLOGY AND INHERITANCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL HARACTERS IN 

INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID PLANTS OF COTTON AND THIN-FIBER COTTON 

VARIETIES (IN CLIMATE CONDITIONS OF SIRDARYA REGION)  
 

Submission Date: December 15, 2023, Accepted Date:  December 20, 2023,  

Published Date: December 25, 2023  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue12-10 

 

 

Khursandbek Nazarbaev  
Uzbekistan National University, Faculty of Biology, University Street-4, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan                                                                                                        

 

Asliddin Nuriddinov  
Uzbekistan National University, Faculty of Biology, University Street-4, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan    

 

Sayfullo Boboev  
Uzbekistan National University, Faculty of Biology, University Street-4, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan       

 

Marufjon Ergashev 
Dean of the faculty of natural sciences, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan                                                                                                                                                                                                

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajbspi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 57 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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characteristics (type of branching, leaf shape, shape and color of pods, the presence of anthocyanin spots on the 

petals, color of pollen, etc.) are taken into account when evaluating the variety. Also, on the basis of phenotypic 

analysis of the hybrids obtained by hybridization of varieties and species that are sharply different from each other in 

terms of morphological characteristics, it is possible to make a clear conclusion about the manifestation of 

morphological characteristics of one or another variety in hybrid plants. In order to successfully carry out breeding 

and create new hybrid plants that incorporate the best characteristics of the initial varieties, it is necessary to know 

the laws of passing morphological characteristics from one generation to the next, along with the valuable economic 

characteristics of cotton. 

KEYWORDS 

Fiber, cultural, type of branching, hybrid plants. 

INTRODUCTION

Fine -fiber variety of cotton, long-fiber variety of cotton 

and the cotton that gives a fiber of 37-42 mm or more. 

Fine - fiber cotton mainly includes varieties of 

Gossipium barbadense L type. In the world production 

of cotton wool, fine-fiber gauze ranks second after 

gauze with medium fibers. Fine-fiber cotton is grown 

on large areas in many countries, including Uzbekistan, 

Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Egypt, Sudan, Peru, Northern 

Brazil, Nigeria, and the USA. 

In the Republic of Uzbekistan, fine-fiber cotton 

varieties are grown mainly in the southern regions 

(Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya, Bukhara, Andijan, 

Namangan regions). 

In order to introduce a mechanism to stimulate the 

development of agrotechnologies for the creation of 

high-yielding, disease- and pest-resistant, fast-growing, 

high-yielding varieties of fine-fiber cotton, taking into 

account the soil and climatic conditions of the regions, 

expanding their acreage, reproduction and cultivation 

of seeds of new and promising varieties, the Cabinet of 

Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 47 dated 

January 30, 2020 “On Amendments and additions in 

the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the 

Republic of Uzbekistan on the efficient organization of 

the production of fine-fiber cotton, on the introduction 

of the mechanism of reproduction and stimulation of 

new varieties" . 

These measures have been approved by the 

Government, and a number of important tasks have 

been assigned to responsible ministries and 

departments. The tasks of harvesting a sufficient 

amount of seed material from fine-fiber cotton 

varieties suitable for the soil and climatic conditions of 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 58 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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the regions of the republic, precocious, with high yield 

and fiber quality have been set. 

The weather in the Syrdarya region is sharply 

changeable and dry. The average annual temperature 

is 14 °C. Summers are dry and hot. The average 

temperature in July is 27-29 °C. In summer, the 

temperature rises to 32-45 ° C. Often a warm wind 

(garmsel) dries the soil and has a bad effect on the 

development of plants. The growing season is 218 days. 

In summer, due to strong evaporation, groundwater 

salines the soils of surface areas (Sharaf Rashidov, 

Akaltyn, Gulistan districts). 

The soils are mainly weakly sod-podzolic with a light 

shade, less often and moderately saline, according to 

the mechanical order-loamy and sandy loam. Saline 

and saline soils are found on the plains. Underground 

water pipe. 5-6 meters [1,2,3]. 

At the same time, it is worth noting that fine-fiber 

cotton varieties are resistant to very hot weather 

conditions, dehydration, harmsel insecticides and 

pests, as well as fiber length, its elasticity and textile. 

The economic efficiency of their cultivation is 60 

percent higher than that of other varieties [4,5]. 

From this point of view, the experiment is aimed at 

carrying out in the conditions of the Syrdarya region, 

i.e. testing of fine-fiber cotton varieties in the 

conditions of the Syrdarya. 

 

METHODS 

The area of the fabric is 25 m in length and consists of 

30 rows. So that the length of each row is 2 m, and the 

distance between the rows is 76 cm. The experimental 

field was being prepared for sowing seeds. The order 

of sowing seeds was as follows, that is, each variety 

was planted in 6 rows, in each row 6 nests, in each nest 

5-7 dry seeds with an interval of 25-30 cm. The object of 

the experiment was a cultural tetraploid of 

G.barbadense L. type created on the basis of fine-fiber 

varieties Surkhan-16, Surkhan-18, Termez-202, Surkhan-

103 and Surkhan-104. 

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 

Phenological observations of the flowering process in 

varieties were carried out research (14.06.2021, 

23.06.2021). The study of the flowering process in 

cotton was carried out daily for 10 days, in the morning. 

In our study, the intensity of the flowering process was 

high in the period from June 19 to June 23, relatively 

low in the period from June 16 to June 18, and in the 

period from June 14 to June 15, the intensity of the 

flowering process was low (Table 1). 

The obtained 10-day flowering process according to 

the results of phenological observations shows that 

the cotton varieties Surkhan-18, Termez-202 and 

Surkhan-103 have a higher flowering time than the 

varieties Surkhan-104 and Surkhan-16, especially high 

flowering intensity is observed in the variety Termez-

202 (Fig.1). 

 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 59 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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   Table 1 

Phenology of the flowering process in fine-fiber cotton varieties 

                      
Analyzing the phenology of flowering in the context of 

varieties, it can be seen that the Termez-202 variety has 

a higher flowering intensity compared to other 

varieties, from the moment of sowing seeds until June 

23, that is, 222 flowers were opened with an interval of 

48 days. 

In the remaining varieties, that is, in the varieties 

Surkhan-103, Surkhan-18, Surkhan-195, Surkhan-104, 

100 and Surkhan-16, more than 51 flowers were 

revealed. As can be seen from the results of the table, 

the lowest rate of flowering intensity was observed in 

the variety Surkhan-16 (Figure 1). 

№ Varieties 

Flowering phenology 

1
4
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

1
5
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

1
6
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

1
7
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

1
8
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

1
9
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

2
0
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

2
1
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

2
2
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

2
3
.0

6
.2

0
2
1

 

1 Surkhan-16 - - - 1 7 7 1 14 7 14 

2 Surkhan-18 2 10 11 27 14 34 12 32 27 26 

3 Termez-202 - 1 10 15 19 46 28 33 38 32 

4 Surkhan-103 9 16 22 19 8 37 11 18 20 18 

5 Surkhan-104 1 4 3 4 10 12 5 22 12 20 

  

51

195

222

178

100

0

50

100

150

200

250

Flowering phenology in varieties

12

31

46

66

58

136

58

120

107

112

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Phenology of flowering, in the context of 

days

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 60 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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When analyzing the phenology of flowering in the 

context of days, the following indicators appeared. 

According to the results of the analysis, based on 10-

day (June 14 - June 23) phenological observations, 

starting from the date of sowing seeds (05.05.2021), 

the indicator of flowering intensity on June 14 (38 days) 

is the lowest of 12, and the highest indicator of 

flowering intensity is observed on June 19 (43 days) 

and is 136 we can see that the flower has opened (Fig. 

2). 

The intensity of flowering in 46-48 days (from June 21 

to 23) was determined in experiments that 107 flowers 

were opened, and up to 120 flowers. From June 14 to 

16 (with an interval of 38-40 days), the indicator was 

low, and it was noticed that from 12 to 46 flowers were 

opened. 

In the course of the research, varieties specific to the 

species G. hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. were 

crossed. New hybrids were obtained, and seeds of 

hybrid combinations were planted in field conditions 

with the parent forms and maintained under the same 

conditions. Phenological observations and analysis 

were carried out. If we pay attention, there is a big 

difference between the medium and thin fiber varieties 

involved in hybridization, and among them it is 

necessary to include the type of branching. G. hirsutum 

L. cultivars participating in the maternal form belong to 

SP-1303, Baraka, ATM-1 and T-91/21 ridges of the I-II 

branching type, while G. barbadense L. cultivars 

participating in paternity belong to Surkhan-14 and 

Surkhan- 9 varieties are varieties with a limited 

branching type, and the crop elements are attached to 

the main stem. This was also confirmed in the 

conducted experiments. 

Another important morphological indicator is the 

shape and color of pods. In hybrid plants, the 

inheritance of G. hirsutum L. varieties with 

intermediate or high indicator of pod size was 

determined, but in some combinations, the superiority 

of G. barbadense L. varieties in pod structure was 

noticed. In some combinations, the dominance of G. 

hirsutum L. varieties was observed. In other words, it 

was observed that in hybrid plants, the shape of pods 

was relatively elongated or pointed, corresponding to 

that of Surkhan-14 and Surkhan-9 varieties, while in 

some hybrids, it was found that there are plants with a 

pod shape close to the maternal shape or relatively 

different. In addition, it was determined that the 

surface of the pods was relatively rough, and the color 

of the pods was dark green, which indicated the 

superiority of G. barbadense L. varieties. In Baraka x 

Surkhan-9 hybrid combination, it was found out that 

the pods are relatively smooth and the color is lighter 

green. Also, in this hybrid combination, it was found 

Figure 1. Phenology of flowering in 

varieties 

Figure 2. Phenology of flowering by day 

  

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 61 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

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VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

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OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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that in the F2 generation there are plants with a 

different shape of the pods from the parental forms 

(Figure 3). 

So, in the inheritance of pod shape and color, in the F1 

hybrid combinations involving G. hirsutum L. and G. 

barbadense L. species, the dominance of the parental 

form with more intermediate and high indices in pod 

size was determined, and the superiority of G. 

barbadense L. varieties in the inheritance of pod shape 

and color were observed. 

     

                                        

Figure 3. Inheritance of pod shape in parental and F1, F2 generation plants 

 
Another distinguishing feature is the color of the 

petals, pollen color and the presence of anthocyanin 

spots on the petals. It was found that the varieties 

belonging to the G. hirsutum L. species involved in 

hybridization have white and pale yellow petals and 

yellow pollen, while the varieties of G. barbadense L. 

have yellow petals and orange pollen. The yellow 

petals of the hybrid combinations with their 

participation were large and relatively yellow, 

corresponding to the varieties of G. barbadense L. 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 62 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

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OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Furthermore, in the Baraka x Surkhan-9 hybrid 

combination, it was found that the color of petals and 

pollen, the absence of anthocyanin spots on petals, is 

based on the dominance of the maternal form (Figure 

4). 

 

Figure 2. On the left is a flower of the maternal plant, on the right is a flower of the paternal plant, 

and in the middle is a flower of the F1 hybrid plant. 
 

In the hybrid plants obtained with the presence of 

other varieties of the G. hirsutum L. species that 

participated in the hybridization, it was observed that 

the color of the pollen is light yellow or orange, and the 

absence or partial presence of anthocyanin spots on 

petals. 

 

CONCLUSIONS 

In conclusion, we can say that one of the signs that 

affect the indicators of valuable agricultural traits in 

cotton is the intensity of flowering. Based on the 

obtained result, in the varieties Surkhan-18, Termez-

202 and Surkhan-103 there is an opportunity to 

continue genetic and breeding processes in the 

conditions of the Syrdarya region and use these 

varieties to create hybrid organisms. 

Based on the experiment, intermediate inheritance 

was observed in the F1 generation obtained from 

interspecies hybridization in terms of the shape of the 

pod, while F2 hybrid plants showed that a plant with a 

different shape can be formed, according to Mendel's 

law of independent assortment. Also, depending on 

the combinations, it was determined that the trait is 

inherited based on the superiority of the Baraka 

variety, which is the maternal form, in the combination 

of F1 Baraka x Surkhan-9 hybrid in the colour of petals 

and pollen, the absence of anthocyanin spots on 

petals. 

 

REFERENCES 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 63 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 56-63 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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1. Alimov U. A., Sverchkova L. M., Archaeological 

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2. Egamberdiev A.E. G. Ibragimov.I., Amanturdiev 

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saline soils //collection on genetics, breeding, seed 

production of cotton and alfalfa. - Tashkent, Fan, 

2002.- B. 97-103. 

4. Simongulyan N.G., Mukhamedkhanov S., Shafrin A. 

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5. Chorshanbiev N.E. Nabiev S.M. Study of valuable 

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"Evolutionary and breeding aspects of precocity 

and adaptability of cotton and other agricultural 

plants". - Tashkent, 2005.- pp. 86-88. 

6. Эгамбердиев Р.Р., Автономов В.А., Кимсанбаев 

М.Х. Изменчивость и наследуемость выхода 

волокна у географически отдаленных гибридов 

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– Тошкент: ФАН, 2009. - Б. 213-218. 

7. Матяқубов О. Материалы международной 

научно-практической конференции  “Состояние 

селексции и семеноводства хлопчатника и 

перспективы ее развития”  священной 110-летию 

академика А.И.Автономова, 80-летию 

академика С.М.Мирахмедова и прафессора 

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сельскохозяйственных наук В.А.Автономова 

Ташкент-2006. 

8. T.Kuliev,  M.Ergashev, M.Madrakhimov,  

A.Kholdarov,  O.Akhmedov,  M.Alikxonova. The 

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