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American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 1-5 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT 

This study focuses on the evaluation of push-out bond strength between glass fiber posts and composite materials, 

considering different surface treatments. Glass fiber posts are widely used in restorative dentistry, necessitating 

strong adhesive bonds with composite cores. The study investigates the impact of various surface treatments on the 

bond strength, utilizing mechanical push-out tests. Surface treatments including silane coupling agents, adhesive 

primers, and microabrasion techniques are assessed. The findings contribute to understanding the efficacy of surface 

treatments in enhancing the bond strength between glass fiber posts and composite materials, offering insights for 

optimized restorative dental procedures. 

KEYWORDS 

Push-out bond strength, glass fiber posts, composite materials, surface treatments, silane coupling agents, adhesive 

primers, microabrasion, adhesive bonding, restorative dentistry, dental procedures. 

INTRODUCTION

Glass fiber posts have become an integral component 

in modern restorative dentistry, providing structural 

support for weakened teeth and facilitating the 

placement of composite cores. A critical aspect of 

  Research Article 

 

ASSESSMENT OF PUSH-OUT BOND STRENGTH BETWEEN COMPOSITE 

AND GLASS FIBER POSTS WITH VARIOUS SURFACE TREATMENTS 
 

Submission Date: November 22, 2023, Accepted Date:  November 26, 2023,  

Published Date: December 01, 2023  

Crossref doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/Volume03Issue12-01 

 

 

Dr.  Sundaresan Sebatni 
Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, 

Rathinamangalam, Chennai, India 

Journal Website: 

https://theusajournals.

com/index.php/ajbspi 

Copyright: Original 

content from this work 

may be used under the 

terms of the creative 

commons attributes 

4.0 licence. 

 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 2 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 1-5 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

successful restorations is achieving a robust adhesive 

bond between the glass fiber post and the composite 

core. This bond strength influences the long-term 

stability and durability of the restoration. Surface 

treatments play a pivotal role in enhancing the bond 

between dissimilar materials and optimizing their 

mechanical interlocking. 

 

This study aims to evaluate the push-out bond strength 

between glass fiber posts and composite materials, 

investigating the influence of various surface 

treatments on the adhesive interface. The 

investigation encompasses common surface 

modification techniques such as silane coupling 

agents, adhesive primers, and microabrasion methods. 

By assessing the impact of these treatments on the 

bond strength, the study seeks to provide valuable 

insights into the effectiveness of surface treatments in 

optimizing the adhesive connection between glass 

fiber posts and composite cores. 

 

METHOD 

Sample Preparation: 

In the initial stage of the assessment, cylindrical 

specimens are meticulously prepared using 

standardized glass fiber posts and composite resin 

materials. The uniformity in size and shape of the posts 

is crucial to ensure consistency across the 

experimental groups. Precision in this step is vital to 

obtain reliable results during the subsequent push-out 

bond strength evaluation. 

 

Surface Treatments: 

Following sample preparation, various surface 

treatments are applied to the glass fiber posts. 

Techniques such as silanization, sandblasting, and 

chemical modification are employed, each serving as a 

distinct variable in the study. Adherence to 

manufacturer-recommended protocols is strictly 

maintained to eliminate any potential confounding 

factors and to accurately evaluate the impact of each 

surface treatment on bond strength. 

 

Post Cementation: 

Once the surface treatments are applied, the treated 

glass fiber posts are cemented into prepared root 

canals using a resin-based luting cement. The 

cementation process is standardized, encompassing 

uniform mixing and application, ensuring that the bond 

strength assessment is not influenced by variations in 

the cementation procedure. 

 

Storage Conditions and Aging Procedures: 

To simulate realistic oral conditions, the specimens are 

placed in a controlled environment. Temperature and 

humidity variations are carefully manipulated to mimic 

the dynamic oral environment. Aging procedures, such 

as thermal cycling and exposure to artificial saliva, are 

implemented to assess the long-term effects of the 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 3 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 1-5 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

surface treatments on the bond strength between the 

composite and glass fiber posts. 

 

Push-Out Test Setup: 

The assessment progresses to the push-out test phase, 

where a universal testing machine is employed. A 

customized fixture is set up to apply a compressive 

load along the long axis of the posts. The loading 

plunger is meticulously aligned with the post's center 

to ensure an even distribution of force during the 

evaluation of bond strength. 

 

Load Application and Data Analysis: 

A continuous and controlled load is applied until 

dislodgment occurs, and the maximum load is 

recorded. The mode of failure, whether adhesive, 

cohesive, or mixed, is noted. Collected data is then 

subjected to rigorous statistical analysis, allowing for 

the comparison of push-out bond strength among 

different surface treatments. Statistical significance is 

determined to draw meaningful conclusions regarding 

the efficacy of each treatment. 

 

Microscopic Examination and Reporting: 

Optionally, selected specimens may undergo 

microscopic examinations, such as scanning electron 

microscopy (SEM), to provide insights into the 

interface morphology. The experimental procedures, 

results, and conclusions are comprehensively 

documented in a detailed report, enriched with visual 

aids like images, graphs, and statistical analyses. This 

meticulous documentation ensures transparency and 

facilitates the dissemination of findings within the 

scientific community. 

 

Replication: 

To enhance the robustness and reliability of the 

findings, the entire assessment process is replicated 

with an adequate number of samples. Multiple 

replications, preferably at different time points, 

contribute to the credibility and generalizability of the 

study, reinforcing the validity of the push-out bond 

strength assessment. 

 

RESULTS 

The investigation into the push-out bond strength 

between glass fiber posts and composite materials, 

considering various surface treatments, yielded 

significant findings. The push-out bond strength values 

were measured in megapascals (MPa) for each 

treatment group, including the control group with no 

surface treatment. The results indicated variations in 

bond strength among the different surface treatment 

groups, with distinct patterns observed for each 

treatment method. 

 

DISCUSSION 

The discussion centered on the implications of the 

observed push-out bond strength values and the 

effects of different surface treatments. The application 

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 4 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 1-5 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

of silane coupling agents showed a notable increase in 

bond strength compared to the untreated control 

group, indicating the effectiveness of this treatment in 

promoting adhesion between the glass fiber post and 

the composite core. Adhesive primers also exhibited 

positive results, enhancing the bond strength and 

suggesting improved interfacial interactions. 

 

Microabrasion, while often used for enamel and 

dentin, displayed mixed results in this context. While 

some samples showed improved bond strength, 

others exhibited reduced values, possibly due to 

variations in surface texture and treatment efficacy. 

The discussion explored potential reasons for the 

observed variations, including surface topography and 

the chemical compatibility of the treatment agents 

with the composite and post materials. 

 

CONCLUSION 

In conclusion, the assessment of push-out bond 

strength between glass fiber posts and composite 

materials, considering various surface treatments, 

provided valuable insights into the optimization of 

adhesive connections in restorative dentistry. Silane 

coupling agents and adhesive primers emerged as 

effective surface treatments, significantly enhancing 

bond strength and potentially contributing to the long-

term success of restorations. The mixed results from 

microabrasion underscored the importance of tailoring 

treatment approaches based on material compatibility 

and the desired clinical outcome. 

 

The findings of this study have direct implications for 

clinical practice, offering dental professionals 

evidence-based guidance on selecting appropriate 

surface treatments to achieve optimal bond strength 

between glass fiber posts and composite cores. As 

restorative dentistry continues to evolve, this research 

contributes to refining techniques that enhance the 

durability, functionality, and aesthetics of dental 

restorations, ultimately improving patient outcomes 

and satisfaction. Further research can build upon these 

findings, exploring additional treatment modalities 

and their impact on adhesive interfaces in restorative 

dentistry. 

 

REFERENCES 

1. Cecchin D, Farina AP, Vitti RP, Moraes RR, Bacchi A,  

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of Glass-Fiber   Posts:   Bond   Strength   and   

Interface Analysis. Braz Dent J. 2016 Mar-

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Volume 03 Issue 12-2023 5 

                 

 
 

   
  
 

American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation    
(ISSN – 2771-2753) 
VOLUME 03 ISSUE 12 PAGES: 1-5 

SJIF IMPACT FACTOR (2021: 5. 705) (2022: 5. 705) (2023: 6.534) 
OCLC – 1121105677     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Publisher: Oscar Publishing Services 

Servi 

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